Relevant bibliographies by topics / Butanol Spectra

Academic literature on the topic 'Butanol Spectra'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Butanol Spectra"

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Koegl, Matthias, Mohammad Pahlevani, and Lars Zigan. "A Novel Approach for Measurement of Composition and Temperature of N-Decane/Butanol Blends Using Two-Color Laser-Induced Fluorescence of Nile Red." Sensors 20, no. 19 (October 8, 2020): 5721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20195721.

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In this work, the possibility of using a two-color LIF (laser-induced fluorescence) approach for fuel composition and temperature measurements using nile red dissolved in n-decane/butanol blends is investigated. The studies were conducted in a specially designed micro cell enabling the detection of the spectral LIF intensities over a wide range of temperatures (283–423 K) and butanol concentrations (0–100 vol.%) in mixtures with n-decane. Furthermore, absorption spectra were analyzed for these fuel mixtures. At constant temperature, the absorption and LIF signals exhibit a large spectral shift toward higher wavelengths with increasing butanol concentration. Based on this fact, a two-color detection approach is proposed that enables the determination of the butanol concentration. This is reasonable when temperature changes and evaporation effects accompanied with dye enrichment can be neglected. For n-decane, no spectral shift and broadening of the spectrum are observed for various temperatures. However, for butanol admixture, two-color thermometry is possible as long as the dye and butanol concentrations are kept constant. For example, the LIF spectrum shows a distinct broadening for B20 (i.e., 80 vol.% n-decane, 20 vol.% butanol) and a shift of the peak toward lower wavelengths of about 40 nm for temperature variations of 140 K.
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Mishra, Yogeshwar Nath, Ajeth Yoganantham, Matthias Koegl, and Lars Zigan. "Investigation of Five Organic Dyes in Ethanol and Butanol for Two-Color Laser-Induced Fluorescence Ratio Thermometry." Optics 1, no. 1 (December 11, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/opt1010001.

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In this article, we compare absorption and temperature-dependent fluorescence spectra of five organic dyes for 2c-LIF (two-color laser-induced fluorescence) thermometry in ethanol and butanol. The dyes fluorescein, eosin Y, rhodamine B, rhodamine 6G, and sulforhodamine 101 individually mixed in ethanol and butanol were studied at liquid temperatures of 25–65 °C. The self-absorption spectral bands are analyzed along with intensity ratios and the respective sensitivities for one-dye and two-dye 2c-LIF thermometry are deduced. For one-dye 2c-LIF, rhodamine B showed the highest sensitivity of 2.93%/°C and 2.89%/°C in ethanol and butanol, respectively. Sulforhodamine 101 and rhodamine 6G showed the least sensitivities of 0.51%/°C and 1.24%/°C in ethanol and butanol, respectively. For two-dye 2c-LIF, rhodamine B/sulforhodamine 101 exhibited the highest temperature sensitivities of 2.39%/°C and 2.54%/°C in ethanol and butanol, respectively. The dye pair eosin Y/sulforhodamine 101 showed the least sensitivities of 0.15%/°C and 0.27%/°C in ethanol and butanol, respectively.
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Tsuchikawa, Satoru, and H. W. Siesler. "Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Monitoring of the Diffusion Process of Deuterium-Labeled Molecules in Wood. Part I: Softwood." Applied Spectroscopy 57, no. 6 (June 2003): 667–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370203322005364.

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The diffusion process of several molecules (D2O, n-butanol (OD) and t-butanol (OD)) in softwood (Sitka spruce) was investigated by means of a deuterium exchange method and Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) polarization spectroscopy. The location of OH groups in different states of order of cellulose in wood was clarified by analyzing the FT-NIR transmission spectra ranging from 7200 to 6000 cm−1. Four absorption bands were assigned to 2 × v(OH) absorptions of the amorphous regions, OH groups in semi-crystalline regions, and two types of intramolecular hydrogen-bonded OH groups in the crystalline regions, respectively. The saturation level of accessibility was very different for these absorption bands (i.e., 70–80, 60, and 40–50% for the amorphous, semi-crystalline, and crystalline regions, respectively). However, the saturation accessibilities for each absorption band varied little with molecular structure and geometry of the diffusants. The diffusion rate of D2O was much faster than that of n-butanol (OD) and t-butanol (OD) for all states of orders. The size effect of the butanols led to slight differences in the diffusive transport in the crystalline regions.
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Guidoni, A. Giardini, S. Piccirillo, D. Scuderi, M. Satta, T. M. Di Palma, M. Speranza, A. Filippi, and A. Paladini. "Photochemical R2PI study of chirality and intermolecular forces in supersonic beam." International Journal of Photoenergy 3, no. 4 (2001): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1110662x01000307.

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One and two-color, mass selected R2PI spectra of theS1←S0transitions in the bare(+)-(R)- 1-phenyl-1-ethanol(ER) and its complexes with different solvent molecules (solv) (-)-(R)-2-butanol(BR) or(+)-(S)-2-butanol(BS), (—)-(R)-2-pentanol (TR) or(+)-(S)-2-pentanol(TS) and(-)-(R)-2-butylamine(AR) or(+)-(S)-2-butylamine(AS), have been recorded after a supersonic molecular beam expansion. The one-color R2PI excitation spectra of the diastereomeric complexes are characterized by significant shifts of their band origin relative to that of bareER. The extent and the direction of these spectral shifts are found to depend upon the structure and the configuration ofsolvand are attributed to different short-range interactions in the ground and excited states of the complexes. In analogy with other diastereomeric complexes, the phenomenological binding energy of the homochiral cluster is found to be greater than that of the heterochiral one. Preliminary measurements of excitation spectrum of(+)-(R)-1-Indanol(IR) is also reported.
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Brei, Volodymyr. "OXIDATION OF ALCOHOLS OVER CERIUM-OXIDE CATALYST: CORRELATION BETWEEN THE ACTIVATION ENERGY OF THE REACTION AND THE CHEMICAL SHIFT δ (R13 COH)." Ukrainian Chemistry Journal 85, no. 8 (August 15, 2019): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33609/0041-6045.85.8.2019.66-72.

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The oxidation of thirteen alcohols over sup-ported CeO2/Al2O3 catalyst with 10 wt.% of CeO2 have been studied using a desorption mass-spec-trometry technique. A catalyst sample 4–6 mg in quartz cuvette was evacuated at 100 0C, cooled to room temperature, and then adsorption of a alco-hol was provided. After vacuumation of alcohol excess, the TPR profiles of products of alcohol oxidation were recorded at sweep rate 2 a.u.m./sec and heating rate of 15 0C/min using MX-7304A monopole mass- spectrometer. Identification of formed aldehydes and ketones was provided on the bases of their characteristic ions in obtained mass-spectra, namely, acetaldehyde (m/e = 29, 44); pro-panal (29, 58); acetone (43, 58); butanal (44, 43); methyl propanal (43, 41, 72), 2-butanon (43, 72); methoxyacetone (45, 43); cyclohexanone (55); ace-tophenone (105, 77); benzaldehyde (77, 106). It was shown that the oxidation of several alcohols pro-ceeds in a wide temperature interval from 130 to 280 0C. So, peak of formaldehyde formation from me-thanol adsorbed on CeO2/Al2O3 is observed at 280 0C whereas peaks of methyl glyoxal and water formation from adsorbed hydroxyacetone are re-corded at 135 0 C. The linear correlation between activation energy of reaction and chemical shift δ (R13COH) of studied alcohols was found as Ea= 183 –1.4δ (kJ/mol). Respectively, the maximum oxi-dation rate, for instance, for methanol (50 ppm) is observed at 280 0C, for ethanol (58 ppm) at 215 0C, for n-butanol (62 ppm) at 200 0C, for n-propanol (64 ppm) at 190 0C, for 2-butanol (69 ppm) at 160 0C, for hydroxyacetone (69 ppm) at 135 0C, and for 1-phenylethanol (70 ppm) at 130 0C. Thus, ability of alcohols to oxidation decreases with increase of their electronic density on carbon atom of alcohol group in following order: 1-phenyl ethanol ≈ hyd-roxyacetone ≈ cyclohexanol > allyl alcohol ≈ 2-bu-anol ≈ i-butanol ≈ i-propanol > methoxypropanol-2 ≈ n-propanol ≈ n-butanol ≈ benzyl alcohol ≈ ethanol >> methanol. On an example of ethanol, the scheme of alcohol oxidation on ceria that assumes the addition of atomic oxygen to C–H bond of alcoho-lic group with intermediate acetaldehyde hydrate formation is discussed.
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Kwaśniewicz, Michał, and Mirosław A. Czarnecki. "The Effect of Chain Length on Mid-Infrared and Near-Infrared Spectra of Aliphatic 1-Alcohols." Applied Spectroscopy 72, no. 2 (November 14, 2017): 288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702817732253.

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Effect of the chain length on mid-infrared (MIR) and near-infrared (NIR) spectra of aliphatic 1-alcohols from methanol to 1-decanol was examined in detail. Of particular interest were the spectra-structure correlations in the NIR region and the correlation between MIR and NIR spectra of 1-alcohols. An application of two-dimensional correlation analysis (2D-COS) and chemometric methods provided comprehensive information on spectral changes in the data set. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis evidenced that the spectra of methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol are noticeably different from the spectra of higher 1-alcohols. The similarity between the spectra increases with an increase in the chain length. Hence, the most similar are the spectra of 1-nonanol and 1-decanol. Two-dimensional hetero-correlation analysis is very helpful for identification of the origin of bands and may guide selection of the best spectral ranges for the chemometric analysis. As shown, normalization of the spectra pronounces the intensity changes in various spectral regions and provides information not accessible from the raw data. The spectra of alcohols cannot be represented as a sum of the CH3, CH2, and OH group spectra since the OH group is involved in the hydrogen bonding. As a result, the spectral changes of this group are nonlinear and its spectral profile cannot be properly resolved. Finally, this work provides a lot of evidence that the degree of self-association of 1-alcohols decreases with the increase in chain length because of the growing meaning of the hydrophobic interactions. For butyl alcohol and higher 1-alcohols the hydrophobic interactions are more important than the OH OH interactions. Therefore, methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol have unlimited miscibility with water, whereas 1-butanol and higher 1-alcohols have limited miscibility with water.
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Peng, Shu Ge, Jun Na Liu, Xiao Fei Liu, Yu Qing Zhang, and Jun Zhang. "PVP Stabilized Ruthenium (0) Nanorods as Effective Catalysts in Hydrogen Generation from the Hydrolysis of Sodium Borohydride." Advanced Materials Research 197-198 (February 2011): 1577–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.1577.

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Poly (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) - stabilized ruthenium (0) nanorods have been successfully synthesized by refluxing ruthenium (Ⅲ) chloride (RuCl3) in low boiling point alcohols (including ethanol, n-propanol, and n-butanol) using microwave heating for the first time. The effects of low boiling point alcohols on the preparation and catalytic property of ruthenium nanorods were discussed. UV-Vis absorption spectra indicated ruthenium nanorods could be synthesized in n-butanol after 2 h refluxing, far below the refluxing time in ethanol and n-propanol. The activation energy of the hydrolysis of NaBH4 catalyzed by Ruthenium (0) nanorods obtained in ethanol, n-propanol, and n-butanol were determined to be 41.1, 33.3, and 27.9 kJ / mol, respectively.
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Doroshenko, Irina, Valeriy Pogorelov, and Valdas Sablinskas. "Infrared Absorption Spectra of Monohydric Alcohols." Dataset Papers in Chemistry 2013 (October 24, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.7167/2013/329406.

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FTIR spectra of homologous series of monohydric alcohols which belong to the class of partly ordered liquids were registered. The molecules of monohydric alcohols containing hydroxyl group are able to form hydrogen-bonded clusters in the condensed phase. The existence of clusters is clearly observed from the position and the contour of the stretch OH band in the vibrational spectra of liquid alcohols. In this work, the experimentally registered FTIR spectra of liquid n-alcohols from methanol to decanol are presented as well as the same spectra of methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, and hexanol in gas phase.
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Czarnecki, Mirosław A., Hisashi Maeda, Yukihiro Ozaki, Masao Suzuki, and Makio Iwahashi. "Resolution Enhancement and Band Assignments for the First Overtone of OH Stretching Mode of Butanols by Two-Dimensional Near-Infrared Correlation Spectroscopy. Part I: sec-Butanol." Applied Spectroscopy 52, no. 7 (July 1998): 994–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702981944643.

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The first paper in a series devoted to self-association in neat butanols presents the results of two-dimensional (2D) near-infrared (NIR) correlation analysis of temperature-induced spectral variations of sec-butanol. By taking advantage of resolution enhancement in the 2D correlation spectra, it was possible to identify spectral features due to vibrations of the free and associated OH groups in the first-overtone region. On the basis of a few assumptions, band assignments of the various types of OH bonds have been proposed. The monomer band (near 7100 cm−1) can be resolved into three components; two of them are due to a rotational isomerism (7089 and 7116 cm−1), and the third one is attributed to the free terminal OH groups in linear polymers (7055 cm−1). The presence of the 7055 cm−1 band implies that the intensity of the monomer peak cannot be used as a measure of the concentration of the monomer species (except in very diluted solutions). Thus, previous estimations of equilibrium constants and thermodynamic parameters associated with hydrogen-bond dissociation have been subject to unacceptable error. At higher temperatures, a new band near 6550 cm−1 becomes visible. This band originates from bended OHO bond, mostly in the cyclic polymers. In order to obtain more detailed information on the complex mechanism of the thermal dissociation of hydrogen-bonded sec-butanol in the pure liquid phase, the entire experimental temperature range was divided into narrower ranges, and then 2D correlation analysis was performed for smaller data sets. It has been shown that the variations of population of the polymeric species and the cyclic dimers are faster than the corresponding changes for the monomers. At elevated temperatures an appreciable dissociation of the cyclic species takes place.
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Cimrová, Věra, Mariem Guesmi, Sangwon Eom, Youngjong Kang, and Drahomír Výprachtický. "Formamidinium Lead Iodide Perovskite Thin Films Formed by Two-Step Sequential Method: Solvent–Morphology Relationship." Materials 16, no. 3 (January 25, 2023): 1049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16031049.

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Thin films made of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) perovskites prepared by a two-step sequential deposition method using various solvents for formamidinium iodide (FAI) - isopropanol, n-butanol and tert-butanol, were studied with the aim of finding a correlation between morphology and solvent properties to improve film quality. They were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and their photophysical properties were studied by means of absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies. XRD patterns, absorption and PL spectra proved α-phase formation for all selected solvents. An excessive amount of PbI2 found in perovskite films prepared with n-butanol indicates incomplete conversion. Thin film morphology, such as grain and crystallite size, depended on the solvent. Using tert-butanol, thin films with a very large grain size of up to several micrometers and with preferred crystallite orientation were fabricated. The grain size increased as follows: 0.2–0.5, 0.2–1 and 2–5 µm for isopropanol, n-butanol and tert-butanol, respectively. A correlation between the grain size and viscosity, electric permittivity and polarizability of the solvent could be considered. Our results, including fabrication of perovskite films with large grains and fewer grain boundaries, are important and of interest for many optoelectronic applications.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Butanol Spectra"

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Decrette, Armelle. "Etude par simulation numérique de la dynamique moléculaire de l'adsorption de l'éthylène et du n-butane dans la silicate-1 : modélisation des spectres d'absorption infrarouge et de la cinétique d'adsorption." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOS076.

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L'objectif de ce travail est de développer un outil de simulation numérique de dynamique moléculaire pour l'étude de l'adsorption des gaz dans les solides poreux. Deux thématiques de recherche sont visées : la diffusion d'hydrocarbures linéaires et branchés en C6 sur une silicalite par manométrie hors d'équilibre, et l'adsorption du trichloroéthène et du tétrachloroéthène sur une silicalite par spectroscopie infrarouge. La mise en place de ces thématiques étant difficile avec de telles molécules, nous avons travaillé sur des molécules moins complexes : le butane pour la diffusion, et l'éthylène pour la spectroscopie infrarouge. L'outil de simulation numérique mis en place repose sur le principe de la dynamique moléculaire hors équilibre transitoire. Il permet d'étudier les équilibres et la cinétique d'adsorption selon des protocoles inspirés de ceux utilisés expérimentalement. Des données d'adsorption à l'équilibre et des propriétés dynamiques et vibrationnelles peuvent être obtenues
The objective of this work is to develop a tool for molecular dynamics simulation for the study of the adsorption of gases in the porous solids. Two sets of themes of research currently under development are particularly aimed: hydrocarbon diffusion linear and connected in C6 on a silicalite by manometry out of equilibrium, and the adsorption of trichloroethene and tetrachloroethene on a silicalite by infrared spectroscopy. The implementation of this new set of themes of modelling being difficult with such molecules, we decided to work on less complex molecules: butane for the study of the diffusion, and ethylene for the infrared spectroscopy. The tool for numerical simulation set up rests on the principle of molecular dynamics except transient equilibrium. It makes it possible to study equilibria and the kinetics of adsorption according to protocols inspired by those used in experiments. Data of adsorption to equilibrium as well as dynamic properties and vibrational can be determined
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LE, BLANC ALAIN. "Reactions unimoleculaires en phase gazeuse, de radicaux cations bifonctionnels : beta ceto-alcool, beta ceto-esters et de cations beta ceto-acylium." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066349.

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Une introduction generale sur la spectrometrie de masse precede une premiere partie portant sur l'interpretation des fragmentations de la dimethyl-3,3 hydroxy-4 butanone-2 a basse energie. Une seconde partie est reservee aux fragmentations de plusieurs beta ceto-esters diversement substitues. Dans une troisieme partie sont examinees les decompositions unimoleculaires d'ions acylium beta carbonyles de faible energie interne. L'accent est mis, tout au long de ce travail, sur le role essentiel des atomes d'oxygene dont la presence induit des ruptures caracteristiques mais aussi sert de relais aux transferts d'hydrogenes
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CHAN, YU-HSUAN, and 詹于萱. "A theoretical study of the photoelectron spectra of propanone and butanone." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99dxs6.

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碩士
國立臺中教育大學
科學教育與應用學系碩士在職專班
105
The equilibrium geometries, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and normal modes of propanone, butanone, and their cations were calculated by using the density functional theory (B3LYP and M06-2X functionals) with the basis set aug-cc-pVTZ. The Franck-Condon factors were computed by using the method developed by our group and the photoelectron spectra of propanone and butanone were simulated. The adiabatic ionization energies were also calculated by extrapolating the CCSD(T) energies to the complete basis set limit from the basis sets aug-cc-pVXZ (X = D, T, Q, 5). The vibrational structures in the photoelectron spectra of propanone and butanone were analyzed. The simulated photoelectron spectra of both molecules are in harmony with experiements. The computed adiabatic ionization energies are also in agreement with experiment, with deviations of 0.03 and -0.06 eV for propanone and butanone, respectively.
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Conference papers on the topic "Butanol Spectra"

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Soloiu, Valentin, Emerald Simons, Martin Muinos, and Spencer Harp. "NVH of RCCI With DI ULSD and PFI With 50% N-Butanol." In ASME 2015 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2015-1161.

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The noise of diesel engines is dependent upon numerous factors such as: load, speed, fuel injection strategies and fuel type, design of the piston, piston-pin and cylinder and their tolerances, bearings, valves and rocker arm clearances, and designs of the manifolds. In this study, engine sound and vibrations analysis have been conducted using two types of fueling and combustion strategies: classical ULSD combustion and the new RCCI with n-butanol injected in the intake manifold. The analyses add to the understanding of the influence of combustion characteristics’ effect on mechanical noise and vibrations throughout the engine’s operating cycle. The sound and vibration signals were both analyzed in the frequency and angle domain spectrum. Overall NVH spectrum from ULSD combustion was compared to that of RCCI with 50% by mass PFI of n-butanol (the 50% remaining ULSD fuel was directly injected). Frequency analyses were performed using the FFT and CPB methods with Bruel & Kjaer’s Pulse sound and vibrations analysis software. Angle domain analyses were performed, referencing 0 CAD as TDC in combustion. The engine tests were conducted at 1500 rpm and 4 bar IMEP. The COV of IMEP for DI ULSD and RCCI were 2.4 and 2.2, respectively. The correlations between sound, three dimensional vibration levels, and timings were found for: pressure gradients from combustion process, intake and exhaust valve actuations and gas exchange, and piston slap on the cylinder liner. The measurements were extracted and analyzed, and the results determined that virtually all the noise and vibration values pertinent to RCCI were lower than those of ULSD classical combustion.
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Rodríguez Méndez, Rosa M., Héctor H. Cerecedo-Nuñez, Jesús García-Guzmán, P. Padilla-Sosa, and M. A. Basurto-Pensado. "Spectral switch for butane/propane gas mixture detection." In Integrated Photonics Research, Silicon and Nanophotonics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/iprsn.2016.jtu4a.25.

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Atanasov, Atanas Todorov. "Some empiric correlations between the thermodynamic properties of Butanoic acid, aspartic acid, 1-propanol and their infrared spectra." In 10th Jubilee International Conference of the Balkan Physical Union. Author(s), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5091169.

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