Academic literature on the topic 'Business planning Australia Case studies'
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Journal articles on the topic "Business planning Australia Case studies"
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Sablok, Gitika, Pauline Stanton, Timothy Bartram, John Burgess, and Brendan Boyle. "Human resource development practices, managers and multinational enterprises in Australia." Education + Training 59, no. 5 (June 12, 2017): 483–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/et-02-2016-0023.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the HRD practices of multinational enterprises (MNEs) operating in Australia to understand the value that MNEs place on investment in their human capital, particularly managerial talent. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on a representative sample of 211 MNEs operating in Australia, this paper investigates the extent (using frequencies) and determinants (using logistic regression analysis) of training and development expenditure, management development strategies, talent management and succession planning policies. Findings The findings suggest that less than 20 per cent of MNEs operating in Australia are investing over 4 per cent of their annual pay bill on training and development. Furthermore, almost a quarter of firms invest less than 1 per cent in training and development. However, most MNEs invest in their managers and those with high potential through the use of management development programmes, talent management strategies and succession planning. Interestingly, in comparison to US MNEs, Australian MNEs were less likely to use management development or talent management programmes for senior management or high performing staff. Research limitations/implications The current study is cross-sectional and represents a snapshot of MNEs’ HRD practices at one point in time. The study measured the perceptions of the most senior HR manager and did not include the views of other organisational participants. The authors suggest the need for future research studies that incorporate longitudinal research designs and the views of different organisational actors. Practical implications HR managers or HRD specialists need to develop a strong understanding of the Australian institutional context, as well as demonstrate the importance/business case for an integrative approach to HRD. Originality/value This paper fulfils an identified need to study the HRD practices of MNEs operating in Australia, particularly focusing on the value that MNEs place on their human capital.
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Langston, Craig, and Weiwei Zhang. "DfMA: Towards an Integrated Strategy for a More Productive and Sustainable Construction Industry in Australia." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 17, 2021): 9219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169219.
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Design for manufacture and assembly (DfMA) is an important part of the future of the construction industry due to the promise of speed of project delivery, quality control, worker safety, and waste minimization onsite via the purposeful design for manufacture and assembly offsite. However, the adoption of DfMA in Australia has been slow. This paper investigates the barriers prohibiting widespread uptake and how digital construction will be a catalyst for improving use on commercial-scale projects. A total of six leading experts were interviewed to elicit their opinions, and seven recent case studies of high-rise modular apartment and hotel buildings constructed by Hickory were cross-referenced as evidence of DfMA capability. The experts suggested that the reasons for slow adoption in Australia were community mindset, government regulations and incentives, planning and building codes, unionization and business politics, finance, and supply chain management. The case studies suggest that compatible building type and transportation distance are also factors. These barriers can be addressed by the clever integration of building information modelling tools with lean construction processes as part of a proposed strategy leading to smarter (more productive) and better (more sustainable) outcomes predicated on growth in digital construction practices. The paper concludes with a proposed framework for change that conceptualizes the ‘ecosystem’ needed to support widespread DfMA in the Australian context, including the paradigm shift from building to manufacturing/assembly, the displacement of workers from onsite to offsite activity, and the expansion of interdisciplinary design and construct collaboration.
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Turner, A., P. Mukheibir, C. Mitchell, J. Chong, M. Retamal, J. Murta, N. Carrard, and C. Delaney. "Recycled water – lessons from Australia on dealing with risk and uncertainty." Water Practice and Technology 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2016.015.
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Much can be learned from the numerous water recycling schemes currently in operation in Australia, especially with respect to making investment decisions based on uncertain assumptions. This paper illustrates through a number of case studies, that by considering the contextual and project related risks, a range of business related risks become apparent. Shifts in the contextual landscape and the various players’ objectives can occur over the life of a project, often leading to unforeseen risk and uncertainty. Through a thorough consideration of the potential risks presented in this paper, proponents as well as owners and managers might make better recycled water investment decisions, enhancing the benefits and minimizing the costs of water recycling schemes. This paper presents an overview and discussion of seven key factors to consider when planning a recycling scheme.
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Härtel, Charmine E. J., and Greg M. Latemore. "Mud and tears: The human face of disaster – A case study of the Queensland floods, January 2011." Journal of Management & Organization 17, no. 6 (November 2011): 864–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200001231.
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AbstractJanuary 2011 visited on Queensland Australia floods of proportions many thought could not have occurred again, following disaster management planning taken after the historic floods of the 1800s and 1974. This paper presents some reflections on this natural disaster, which affected many members of the ANZAM community and left a permanent mark on those directly affected and those who watched as the waters washed away lives, memories and many of the things that give people a sense of place. Amongst tragedy came stories of generosity of human spirit as well as the occasional case of greed and callousness. When all was over, however, there was no doubt about the human side of disaster management. Through two case studies of a family-owned business and a large organization impacted by the flood in Brisbane, we highlight some lessons for disaster management and propose some strategies for building social capital in times of disaster.
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Härtel, Charmine E. J., and Greg M. Latemore. "Mud and tears: The human face of disaster – A case study of the Queensland floods, January 2011." Journal of Management & Organization 17, no. 6 (November 2011): 864–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2011.17.6.864.
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Abstract January 2011 visited on Queensland Australia floods of proportions many thought could not have occurred again, following disaster management planning taken after the historic floods of the 1800s and 1974. This paper presents some reflections on this natural disaster, which affected many members of the ANZAM community and left a permanent mark on those directly affected and those who watched as the waters washed away lives, memories and many of the things that give people a sense of place. Amongst tragedy came stories of generosity of human spirit as well as the occasional case of greed and callousness. When all was over, however, there was no doubt about the human side of disaster management. Through two case studies of a family-owned business and a large organization impacted by the flood in Brisbane, we highlight some lessons for disaster management and propose some strategies for building social capital in times of disaster.
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Härtel, Charmine E. J., and Greg M. Latemore. "Mud and tears: The human face of disaster – A case study of the Queensland floods, January 2011." Journal of Management & Organization 17, no. 6 (November 2011): 864–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2011.864.
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AbstractJanuary 2011 visited on Queensland Australia floods of proportions many thought could not have occurred again, following disaster management planning taken after the historic floods of the 1800s and 1974. This paper presents some reflections on this natural disaster, which affected many members of the ANZAM community and left a permanent mark on those directly affected and those who watched as the waters washed away lives, memories and many of the things that give people a sense of place. Amongst tragedy came stories of generosity of human spirit as well as the occasional case of greed and callousness. When all was over, however, there was no doubt about the human side of disaster management. Through two case studies of a family-owned business and a large organization impacted by the flood in Brisbane, we highlight some lessons for disaster management and propose some strategies for building social capital in times of disaster.
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Bailey, Matthew. "Urban disruption, suburbanization and retail innovation: establishing shopping centres in Australia." Urban History 47, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 152–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926819000178.
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AbstractAustralian cities were transformed in the 1950s and 1960s by the spread of the automobile and suburbanization. This article examines the patterns of retail diffusion that followed and the resultant adoption of the shopping centre form. Further, it considers the broader implications of retail innovation during a period of urban disruption, revealing intersections between urban geographies, business innovation and retail hierarchies. In the Australian case, dominant firms were able to leverage their market power to adapt to shifting retail geographies and new technologies, while some small entrepreneurial developers catering to the needs of these established retailers laid foundations for national and international expansion. A by-product of these processes was the creation of a unique Australian shopping centre form.
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Mar, Phillip, and Kay Anderson. "Urban Curating." Space and Culture 15, no. 4 (November 2012): 330–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1206331212460623.
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This article examines the modes of emergence of “the local” in particular collaborative art projects in suburban Sydney (Australia) as outflows of singular interfaces between artists, institutions, audiences, and administrators. We begin analytically with the circulations that variously draw on and craft notions of locality and community in two projects staged in western Sydney, both involving nonlocal artists collaborating with business entities and arts institutions. In each case, specific circulations worked to produce a differently spatialized interplay of artists’ processes, aesthetic objects, events, performances and dialogues. The article develops a working conception of “interspatiality” that draws on actor network and assemblage concepts to elicit how creative labor entangles people, places, communities, and ways of working and thinking.
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White, S., G. Milne, and C. Riedy. "End use analysis: issues and lessons." Water Supply 4, no. 3 (June 1, 2004): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2004.0043.
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Methodologies for end use analysis have been developed by different researchers in the energy and water fields and in different areas in the world over the last 20 years. While there are core features associated with the methodologies and models used, the differences can provide insight into the ways that they might be improved, as well as the differences that may be required in different regions and when models are used for different purposes. In addition to reviewing the field of end use analysis and appliance stock models, this paper will focus on two case studies. The first is the Sydney Water End Use Model, developed as part of the Sydney Water Least Cost Planning Study. This model has been developed and used to project the demand for water in Sydney over the next 20 years under business as usual scenario, as well as allow the projection of a number of scenarios which include major investment in water efficiency and effluent reuse programs as well as regulatory options to improve the efficiency of water using appliances in stalled in new buildings. Key features of the Sydney Water End Use Model include the fact that it takes into account the fact that the efficiency of toilets in Australia has a much larger range than (say) the US, in that the dual flush toilet was introduced in (to date) three stages. The model also accounts for projections of demographic and land use change which has been particularly dramatic in Sydney, particularly the movement to smaller occupancy rates in dwellings, and towards multi-family residential dwellings. The second case study will demonstrate the linkages between end use modeling of energy using and water using appliances. A model of residential energy use in Australia has been developed as part of a research project to develop greenhouse abatement scenarios for Australia, and many of the appliances modeled overlap with the water end use model, including clothes washing machines, dishwashers, showerheads and taps. This more recent modeling exercise has revealed the importance of key assumptions in standard stock modeling techniques, and highlighted the need for earlier starting dates for stock modeling. The process and results of these two case studies will be presented, and conclusions drawn about further improvements in end use analysis for both water and energy use. The linkage between the use of backcasting as a planning tool, and the use of end use analysis as a pre-requisite for the development of a demand management program is highlighted.
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Bell, James, Henry Chan, Michael Chan, and Sungkon Moon. "COVID-19 and Construction: Impact Analysis on Construction Performance during Two Infection Waves in Victoria, Australia." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (February 23, 2022): 2580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052580.
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This research outlines the fluctuation in confirmed active cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as related to the changes in the Victoria state government’s rules and restrictions. Further, this study examines the impact of government restrictions on the performance of construction in Victoria, Australia. The data analyses in this paper identify the specific effects on industrial production, during the different lockdown stages, in three local construction companies. Companies were selected from different points along the supply chain. Company A is a supplier involved in the manufacturing of structural steel. Company B conducts logistics and procurement. Company C is a construction engineering business specializing in foundations. After reviewing relevant case studies and theories, data analyses were developed in collaboration with these companies. The results revealed that the impact of restrictions on the workers on individual construction projects was not significant. Stage 4 restrictions (Victoria’s highest lockdown level) significantly impacted overall income by limiting construction to only servicing essential infrastructure or essential businesses. The novel contribution of this study is the data analysis outcome for Victoria, where a high level of restrictions were experienced, such as curfew and enforced isolation at home, relative to other countries. In 2021 and 2022 (omicron variant dominated), Victoria was again at the brink of an infection wave, which showed a similar pattern to July 2020, and endured the world’s longest COVID-19 lockdown. The research findings contribute to the body of knowledge by providing empirical data analysis of each company, representing the economic impact of ordinary small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in construction.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Business planning Australia Case studies"
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Garonne, Christophe. "Business planning in emerging firms : uses and effects." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/72949/1/Christophe_Garonne_Thesis.pdf.
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Business planning is at the core of entrepreneurship as it has implications for opportunity discovery and exploitation. This thesis' objectives are to disentangle the relationships between business planning and venture emergence to reconcile previous inconsistent findings. It reveals that the formalization of planning, the effort invested in the venture and the revision of the plan influence success for entrepreneurs in the process of launching their firm.
This thesis provides generalizable results about the phenomenon of business planning by using a longitudinal random sample of emerging firms.
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Martinez-Fernandez, Cristina Built Environment Faculty of Built Environment UNSW. "Networks for regional development : case studies from Australia and Spain." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Built Environment, 2001. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20482.
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This study investigates the role of regional networks for economic development (RENEDs) in regions suffering from industrial dislocation. It proposes that RENEDs significantly affect regional development. It also investigates the aspects of RENEDs that promote interorganisational collaboration on projects, and examines how RENEDs foster and manage them. The research uses a case study approach, and presents two regions suffering from the decline of their main economic source. These regions are the Hunter region of New South Wales (Australia) and the Le??n province of Castilla Y Le??n (Spain). A pilot study and a survey were conducted in both regions. Three types of analysis were applied: network, statistical and qualitative. The research method makes it possible to replicate research and develop a theory of regional networks for economic development. The results show that success of RENEDs is determined by capital investment generated by the projects, their influence in changing the economic bases of the regions, and the improvement to regional network capital. This study found that frequency of communication is a structural element that significantly affects the production of projects. However, other variables affect projects, such as external pressures from globalisation, government policies and ideologies, and internal constraints from the public, private and civic sectors. This thesis concludes that RENEDs have an important role in regional planning through the formulation of specific projects that target economic disparity. RENEDs represent a system of relationship that enrich the network capital of the regions as an important asset for their future.
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Ngen, Angelina Mei Hwei 1973. "Is there a business case for REITs in Singapore." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32231.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 56-58).
In an attempt to determine whether there is a business case for the establishment of a Real Estate Investment Trust in Singapore(SREIT), we analyzed the market fundamentals and the regulatory framework governing the SREIT. A case study on the failure of the first SREIT offering is also presented with the aim of examining the prospects of SREITs going forward. We found that there is a viable business case for REITs in Singapore. On the supply side, there is a strong impetus for real estate owners to divest their properties after the Asian Economic Crisis due to the capital intensive and low return nature of these assets. On the demand side, there is clear investor demand for yield based investment instruments like SREIT given the significant amount of investible funds from the Central Provident Fund and retail deposits. Except for the lack of full tax transparency, the SREIT regulatory framework is largely in line with international best practices. On the failure of the first SREIT offering, we found that the key factors contributing to the failure were specific to the trust itself and had little to do with the broader market conditions like supply, demand and regulation.
by Angelina Mei Hwei Ngen.
S.M.
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Agarwal, Anjali M. C. P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Business leadership in city planning : the case of the Central Artery." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34177.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (leaves [91]-[97]).
This thesis has been motivated by my interest in the Artery Business Committee (ABC), which was formed in 1989 with a mission to collectively represent the business community's interests in the fear and opportunity presented by the Central Artery Project in Boston. ABC's objectives were to ensure access to the downtown business district during the project and to market the city of Boston as a place to visit, do business in and invest in. This example of ABC presents an interesting paradigm in city planning where business groups recognize their relationship and role in planning for the city future. The same trend can also be found in several other cities. Two leading examples, which have been chosen for detail study, are the Commercial Club of Chicago and the Central Houston Inc. Both the business led civic groups have an agenda similar to that of ABC and promote a better future for their cities. Owing to their efforts, both the business groups now hold a strategic position of influence in their city's planning process and decision-making. Their study offers several important lessons, which can further be used as criteria to judge ABC's role in the planning of the Central Artery Project in Boston.
(cont.) In 2005, as the Central Artery project nears completion, ABC aims to continue their participation in the planning of Boston and further its objective of economic development and enhanced competitiveness for the city. Through the study of other case examples and a detailed analysis of ABC, the thesis attempts to put forward recommendations for ABC's transformation into its second phase of civic participation. Furthermore, these recommendations can be used as a generic set of tools for a business-backed organization to participate in city planning and development and leverage change.
by Anjali Agarwal.
M.C.P.
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Mulkeen, Maria L. (Maria Louisa). "Merchants and business district revitalization : a case study of Codman Square." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68785.
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Chesney, Thomas. "An application for the use case model in strategic planning." Thesis, Bucks New University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323968.
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Salman, S. H. "Planning and control in the small business : case studies from construction industry." Thesis, Swansea University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638756.
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This work is concerned with a comprehensive review of the importance of small businesses and the use of accounting and management systems for planning and control in a small business. Whatever definition of small business is used it is clear that the small business has played an important role in the U.K. economy during the 1980's. The small business faces many problems for example, limitations of the owner-manager, acquiring finding, and the lack of use of good accounting practices. The 1980's was a period of growth and for the small business to continue to flourish it must implement accounting and management information systems. There is no shortage of 'techniques' or 'technology'. The personal computer has brought computing power to the smallest business and there is no shortage of general purpose accounting software. The study has also considered the implementation of planning systems within two small construction companies; Bailey Group and B J Group. The two companies had implemented computerised accounting systems, one with considerable difficulties, but had not made the next step into planning and control systems. The system developed for the Bailey group was at the operational level (although some help was also given in the developing of a planning model) for site planning. The system developed for B J Group was at the strategic level; a comprehensive planning model for a new subsidiary. Both systems were developed in a well known spreadsheet package called Lotus 1-2-3 already available in the companies (if not widely used). This type of software has the advantage of offering an easy 'entry-point' to the less sophisticated and inexperienced user but offering an environment within which sophisticated models can be developed as the user becomes more experienced and ambitious - and this proved to be the case. Both systems created considerable interest and provided the stimulus for other work carried out within the companies.
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Walker, Beverly C. "An action research study of strategy implementation in a not-for-profit community organisation." Monash University, Dept. of Management, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5186.
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Wong, Ronald Quen-Lam 1973. "An analysis of community-based organizations' efforts in small business assistance : a case study of the CDC Community Business Network." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70731.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-62).
Efforts by community-based organizations (CBOs), such as community development corporations (CDCs), have incorporated small business development into their overall neighborhood revitalization efforts with mixed success, especially when working with minority, low- and moderate-income entrepreneurs. These entrepreneurs often lack the technical skills and access to capital that they need to start, expand, or maintain their businesses. They face linguistic and social barriers that isolate them from traditional lenders and small business assistance providers. This thesis seeks to 1) provide a context for community-based organizations' roles in small business development for those unfamiliar with the challenges involved in minority, low- and moderate-income business development and 2) provide CBOs interested in pursuing small business development with some comparative guidelines for their own efforts. The thesis identifies three elements that contribute to the success of small businesses-social, human, and financial capital. Minority, low- and moderate-income entrepreneurs often face deficiencies in one or more of these elements. Community development corporations have attempted to provide technical assistance to businesses in their communities to address these issues, but are often faced with their own constraints of limited staffing and resources. One collaboration of ten Boston area CDCs is attempting to break down these constraints and combine and share the expertise of the member CDCs. This collaboration known as the CDC Community Business Network (CBN) provides one-on-one neighborhood-based assistance yet also provides access to the larger experiences and contacts of the other member CDCs. Even with the shared resources of its member CDCs, CBN still faces its own challenges of limited skills, capacity, and funding; an unclear role among other technical assistance providers; and the need to develop effective collaborations with other stakeholders in small business development. The thesis examines two other small business assistance networks and looks to them for lessons in addressing the deficiencies in the three types of capital and the challenges facing CBN. The two comparable networks offer alternative organizational and operational approaches to small business assistance. This thesis asserts that small business assistance organizations must have an understanding of the deficiencies in social, human, and financial capital in order to effectively assist minority, low- and moderate-income entrepreneurs.
by Ronald Quen-Lam Wong.
M.C.P.
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Lee, Carolyn Ging 1975. "Business incubators as an economic development strategy : a case study of Oakland's communications technology cluster." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42821.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-77).
Business incubators are a rapidly growing trend in economic development. The National Business Incubator Association estimates there are nearly 600 incubators in North America today which each help create over 500 jobs. Through the provision of real estate, physical amenities, and business services, incubators can improve the success rates of small businesses, which in turn translates into jobs, diversification of the local economy, and tax base expansion. The growth of the high technology sector promises to generate quality, well-paying jobs. Therefore, communities are pumping large sums of public dollars to support and sustain high tech business incubators. However, without a full understanding of how incubators impact local communities, it is difficult to justify these public investments. Moreover, without evaluating its strengths and weaknesses, and how the incubator fits within the communities' larger business development strategy, opportunities to further improve this economic development tool in practice may be overlooked. This thesis assesses the impact of the Communications Technology Cluster (CTC) located in Oakland, California. Using business attraction, job creation, business retention, and effects on city image as evaluation measurements, this research shows that CTC has produced mixed results. In the process of evaluating CTC, several larger issues emerge, of which workforce development, business services, and the city's hard and "soft" infrastructure are identified as key impediments to the realization of the city's economic development goals. In light of these findings, this thesis proposes an action strategy for improving the incubator's operations and for considering new ways of thinking about the incubator's role in the overall economic development strategy. The thesis concludes with the argument that the publicly affiliated incubator should be integrated into the community's overall strategy in order to achieve its full impact. This has implications for economic development practitioners. By extracting lessons from the case study of CTC in Oakland, economic development practitioners can begin to consider the existing assets and liabilities of the city, and design an incubator strategy tailored to best meet the needs and objectives of the local community.
by Carolyn Ging Lee.
M.C.P.
Books on the topic "Business planning Australia Case studies"
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Australia. Parliament. House of Representatives. Standing Committee on Finance and Public Administration. Shifting the tax burden: An interim report on an efficiency audit of the Australian Taxation Office: International profit shifting. Canberra: Australian Govt. Pub. Service, 1988.
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Ks, Chopra Bs. Case studies in corporate planning. Pune: Times Research Foundation, 1989.
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European business strategy. 3rd ed. Huntingdon: Elm, 1993.
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European business strategy. 4th ed. Kings Ripton: ELM, 1994.
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Essien-Obot, Amayak E. Business policy and strategy in Nigeria: Case studies of successful business organisations. [Jos, Nigeria]: Jos University Press, 1999.
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Smith, Garry D. Business strategy and policy. 3rd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1991.
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Smith, Garry D. Business strategy and policy. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1985.
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Smith, Garry D. Business strategy and policy. 3rd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1991.
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1948-, Arnold Danny R., and Bizzell Bobby G, eds. Business strategy and policy. 2nd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1988.
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1941-, Hunger J. David, ed. Strategic management and business policy. 8th ed. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2002.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Business planning Australia Case studies"
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Schmidt, Thomas. "Case Studies." In Praxisleitfaden Business Planning, 41–54. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-20341-2_6.
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Charles-Edwards, Elin. "The Estimation of Temporary Populations in Australia." In Demography for Planning and Policy: Australian Case Studies, 31–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22135-9_3.
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Tang, Angelina Zhi Rou, Francisco Rowe, Jonathan Corcoran, and Thomas Sigler. "Spatial Mobility Patterns of Overseas Graduates in Australia." In Demography for Planning and Policy: Australian Case Studies, 175–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22135-9_10.
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White, David, Drew Collins, and Mark Howden. "Drought in Australia: Prediction, Monitoring, Management, and Policy." In Drought Assessment, Management, and Planning: Theory and Case Studies, 213–36. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3224-8_12.
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Norman, Paul, Elin Charles-Edwards, and Tom Wilson. "Relationships Between Population Change, Deprivation Change and Health Change at Small Area Level: Australia 2001–2011." In Demography for Planning and Policy: Australian Case Studies, 197–214. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22135-9_11.
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Argent, Neil, Trevor Griffin, and Peter Smailes. "Migration and Ageing Processes in Non-metropolitan Australia: An Analysis of 30 Years of Dramatic Change." In Demography for Planning and Policy: Australian Case Studies, 133–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22135-9_8.
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Taylor, Andrew. "Not Just Ageing: Policy and Service Delivery Implications from Changing Population Compositions in the Northern Territory of Australia." In Demography for Planning and Policy: Australian Case Studies, 91–107. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22135-9_6.
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Su, Chunmeizi. "Regulating Chinese and North American Digital Media in Australia: Facebook and WeChat as Case Studies." In Palgrave Global Media Policy and Business, 173–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95220-4_9.
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AbstractAs the Australian government has legislated for a ‘News Media and Digital Platforms Mandatory Bargaining Code’ to compel Google and Facebook to pay for news content, platform regulation in Australia has prompted a heated discussion worldwide. Questionable business practices have incited issues such as anti-competition behaviour, online harms, disinformation, algorithmic advertising, trade of data, privacy breaches and so on. Consequently, these technology tycoons are reinscribing industries and societies alike, posing a threat to digital democracy. This chapter examines how Facebook and WeChat are (or should be) regulated in Australia, the current regulatory frameworks, and the overall effectiveness of self-regulation. Through the lenses of comparative research, this study is focused on infrastructuralisation, techno-nationalism (censorship), and civil society (media diversity), to identify distinct features and common themes in platform regulation and explore possible solutions to regulating global platforms in Australia.
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Dwyer, P. G., J. M. Knight, and P. E. R. Dale. "Planning Development to Reduce Mosquito Hazard in Coastal Peri-Urban Areas: Case Studies in NSW, Australia." In Balanced Urban Development: Options and Strategies for Liveable Cities, 555–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28112-4_33.
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Morley, Michelle. "Achieving Strategic Goals." In Qualitative Case Studies on Implementation of Enterprise Wide Systems, 262–78. IGI Global, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-447-7.ch016.
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This chapter discusses the strategic role of an enterprise resource planning system within the International Centre of an Australian University. Several problems with use of the system are identified in the case study. These problems with use quality are a likely cause for the mismatch between what was expected of the system in supporting business strategies and the actual outcome. The users demonstrate an awareness of organisational strategies and goals and consider that the newly-implemented system does not sufficiently support execution of strategy and achievement of strategic goals, or formulation of organisational strategy.
Conference papers on the topic "Business planning Australia Case studies"
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Ernsteins, Raimonds, Ivars Kudrenickis, Janis Kaulins, and Anita Lontone-Ievina. "Pro-Environmental Municipal Governance Developments in Latvia: Sustainability and Integration Principles in the Practice." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Education. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cbme.2017.136.
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Studies being presented here have been done as initial part of wider research-and-developemnt (R&D) programme, aiming to investigate preconditions and all instruments set necessary for environmental governance adequate integration into legally required societal (sustainable) development governance/planning framework and municipal governance practice. This have been done studying governance by its triple complementary dimensions of governance content, governance process and governance stakeholders and approaching municipality as a complex and interactive socio-ecological system. Accordingly, pilot investigations have been done as various thematical case studies in preselected model municipalities – six studies/pilot studies, based on the integrated case study research methodology, including and complementary applying document studies, interviews, surveys, observations and focus groups. Existing development planning and other instruments combined with municipal planning capacities are neither sufficient nor effective, and, since step-wise developmental process for sustainability principle integration seems to be not perspective as quite similar also with integration principle as for complex planning process and also as for thematical meaning of integrations of environmental governance into develoment one. Since environmental sector planning documents are not mandatory anymore at local municipalities, environmental sector planning process and content in the development planning practice is often limited, but few ad hoc available and used formal environmental planning instruments are neither sufficient or used just temporaly. There is to be seen necessity to develop innovative methodologies and tools as done during this research-and-development project.
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Kuzmichev, Dmitry, Babak Moradi, Yulia Mironenko, Negar Hadian, Raffik Lazar, Laurent Alessio, and Faeez Rahmat. "Case Studies of Digitalized Locate the Remaining Oil Workflows Powered by Hybrid Data & Physics Methods." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207958-ms.
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Abstract Mature fields already account for about 70% of the hydrocarbon liquids produced globally. Since the average recovery factor for oil fields is 30 to 35%, there is substantial quantities of remaining oil at stake. Conventional simulation-based development planning approaches are well established, but their implementation on large, complex mature oil fields remains challenging given their resource, time, and cost intensity. In addition, increased attention towards reduce carbon emissions makes the case for alternative, computationally-light techniques, as part of a global digitalisation drive, leveraging modern analytics and machine learning methods. This work describes a modern digital workflow to identify and quantify by-passed oil targets. The workflow leverages an innovative hybrid physics-guided data-driven, which generates historical phase saturation maps, forecasts future fluid movements and locate infill opportunities. As deliverables, a fully probabilistic production forecast is obtained for each drilling location, as a function of the well type, its geometry, and position in the field. The new workflow can unlock remaining potential of mature fields in a shorter time-frame and generally very cost-effectively compared to the advanced dynamic reservoir modelling and history-match workflows. Over the last 5 years, this workflow has been applied to more than 30 mature oil fields in Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Asia, Australia, and New Zealand. Three case studies’ examples and application environments of applied digital workflow are described in this paper. This study demonstrates that it is now possible to deliver digitalized locating the remaining oil projects, capturing the full uncertainty ranges, including leveraging complex multi-vintage spatial 4D datasets, providing reliable non-simulation physics-compliant data-driven production forecasts within weeks.
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Contessotto, Christine, Edwin KiaYang Lim, and Harsh Suri. "Employability focused technology enhanced hybrid and online accounting capstone experience." In ASCILITE 2021: Back to the Future – ASCILITE ‘21. University of New England, Armidale, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14742/ascilite2021.0127.
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In this paper, we share insights from our experience of harnessing technologies to innovatively design a capstone experience for large cohorts of accounting students in hybrid and online environments, informed by insights from key stakeholder consultations and relevant research. To support scaffolded development of professional skills and identity in a short span of eleven weeks, we designed a coherent suite of experiential learning and assessment activities based on contemporary events, an Enterprise Resource Planning business simulation, employability skills training and authentic case studies. Consistently high student evaluations of this unit suggest that our students find this experience valuable. Student responses to the Graduate Attribute Scale in the Graduate Outcomes Survey have shown improvement following the introduction of the capstone unit.
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McIntosh, John, Renata Martin, Pedro Alcala, Stian Skjævesland, and John Rigg. "Implementation of a Digital Roadmap with Best-in-Class Applications." In SPE Offshore Europe Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205418-ms.
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Abstract The paper describes a project known internally as "InWell" to address multiple requirements in Repsol Drilling & Completions. InWell is defined by a new Operating Model comprising Governance, People, Process, Functions and Technology. This paper addresses changes to the Technology element - often referred to as "Digitalization". The paper includes a discussion about the business transformation strategy and case studies for addressing three of 18 functionalities identified in the first round of development. The InWell development strategy followed four steps; identification of performance issues, envisioning of a future operating model, identification of functionalities required/supporting this operating model and matching to digital solutions. Our case studies focus on three functionalities provided by three separate companies, Unification of Planning and Compliance, Real Time Data aggregation and Key Performance Indicators. Each functionality was addressed with an existing commercial application customized to meet specific requirements. A corporate web-based Well Construction Process (WCP) was initially piloted and then extended to include all well projects. The WCP identifies the key Tasks that must be completed per project, and these are all tracked. Data from this application is used by a third-party Business Analytics application via an API. Real time data from many sites and a wide range of sources was aggregated and standardized, Quality Controlled and stored within a private secure cloud. The data collation service is an essential building block for current third-party applications such as the operating centre and is a prerequisite for the goal of increased automation. A suite of Operator specific Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and data analytics services were developed for drilling and completions. Homogenized KPIs for all business units provide data for objective performance management and apples-to-apples comparison. Results are presented via custom dashboards, reports, and integrations with third party applications to meet a wide range of requirements. During a four-month Pilot Phase the InWell Project delivered € 2.5 million in tangible savings through improvements in operational performance. In the first 12 months € 16 million in savings were attributed to InWell. By 2022 forecast savings are expected to exceed € 60 million (Figures 1 & 2). The value of Intangible benefits is thought to exceed these objective savings. Figure 1 The Business Case for InWell – Actual & Projected Savings and Costs. Figure 2 InWell Services addressing Value Levers and quantified potential impact. A multi-sourced digital strategy can produce quick gains, is easily adapted, and provides high value at low risk. The full benefit of digital transformation can only be realised when supported by an effective business operating model.
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Graham, C., S. Graeb-Konneker, and C. J. Shaw. "Using Online Distance Learning to Raise Metocean Awareness Amongst Engineering Users." In ASME 2005 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2005-67034.
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This paper describes why and how the authors have developed an online distance learning package specifically designed with the objective of raising awareness of Metocean amongst Shell’s discipline engineers around the world. Metocean technology is applied across the oil and gas business in design, operational planning and in everyday operations. It has a significant high value impact. Changes in the working and business environment have highlighted a clear need to raise awareness amongst users of Metocean technology — both for the business and for individual competence development. The disciplines identified are project management, structures, floaters, pipelines, subsea, drilling, operations, civil, geomatics and seismic. The paper explores ways to raise this awareness, leading to the choice of a tailored online distance learning course. It describes its design and development, and the incorporation of a number of learning innovations. It also presents the feedback both from line managers and participants on the course, and identifies lessons learnt and areas for improvement. The paper concludes with suggestions for the future and how others can develop bespoke awareness programmes most effectively to add value to their businesses. The significance of this paper is that it focuses on how best to communicate Metocean technology to a broad range of users, and it describes how various online distance learning techniques and innovations were tailored to achieve this. Not only do participants learn about Metocean principles and conditions around the world, but also they select their own business related course assignment. The course design encourages interaction and sharing amongst participants, and includes a variety of case studies and peer reviews. Amongst participants, the course has received high completion, satisfaction and business value scores.
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Lavoie, Andrew. "Lichten Award Paper: Variational Tolerance Analysis (VTA) - Design and Manufacturing Optimization Using Statistical Simulation." In Vertical Flight Society 77th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0077-2021-16817.
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Appropriate consideration of tolerances is critical to the design and manufacture of products that meet customer requirements and defined cost targets. Tolerance analysis is most commonly conducted at the individual part or sub-assembly level utilizing basic stack-up methods (worst-case analysis) to ensure the producibility of the assembled product. A worst-case analysis assumes that each dimension in the stack-up will be manufactured on the extreme end or limit of its assigned tolerance (max or min) in such a way that all tolerances become additive. This usually results in tighter than required drawing tolerances being assigned to guarantee the product can be assembled. Modern day manufacturing processes focus on targeting the nominal dimensional value, so it is safe to assume that a higher number of parts will be produced closer to the nominal value than parts produced at the extreme end of the tolerance range. When evaluating the tolerance stack-up of a larger assembly with many parts additional tolerance analysis methods apply (Root Sum Squared, RSS), and a worst-case analysis becomes more costly and less meaningful. The RSS method of tolerance analysis takes into consideration manufacturing targets and applies normal distribution methods to assess more likely tolerance results, allowing relaxed drawing tolerances to be assigned while still maintaining a high level of confidence in a successful assembly. For analysis of complex systems or installations, tolerance studies using more sophisticated approaches to deal with variation such as Monte Carlo statistical analysis is required. Variational Tolerance Analysis (VTA) tools available today allow a typical Monte Carlo tolerance simulation to be visualized by the designer through 3-dimensional real time manufacturing simulations and sensitivity analysis. This in turn simplifies the development process and allows better identification of tolerance drivers within a large system installation; analysis of the geometric effect of tolerances within the installation; and the ability to quickly iterate the analysis to optimize designs for producibility and lower cost. In this paper, the use of VTA is assessed and quantified to form a business case for further investment by Lockheed Martin. In the course of this work, VTA has been evaluated both before and after final designs were released to manufacturing. Before final designs are released VTA can be used for design optimization (i.e. build before you build simulations), part sequencing studies, or to gain insight into the assembly/installation process enabling advanced planning to take place up front. VTA can also address challenges discovered after final designs have been released to manufacturing and parts are on hand (i.e. during the build) such as: assembly issues, out of spec part disposition, and to inform manufacturing of any special tooling or part rework considerations aiding in corrective action or risk mitigation plans. Cost savings to the business due to the implementation of VTA has been demonstrated in 4 distinct ways: 1.Reduced design revisions – Design optimization up front reduces future revisions caused by producibility and tolerance related discoveries. 2.Manufacturing – Through tolerance optimization, nonimpactful tolerances can be relaxed while still ensuring a successful assembly. 3.Reduced build schedule – Increased assembly awareness and advanced planning allows a streamlined production process with risk mitigation strategies in place. 4.Reduced scrap, rework, repair (SRR) – Engineering labor to disposition out of spec parts is reduced by entering as-measured tolerances into the simulation model to assess the overall impact to installation success. The conclusion is VTA simulations provide measurable benefits to the business through robust design optimization, and multi-layered cost and risk reductions.
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Rukanya, S., P. Sridarran, and G. Mahedrarajh. "A FRAMEWORK TO ENHANCE THE PRACTICE OF MAINTENANCE BUDGETING IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS IN SRI LANKA." In Beyond sustainability reflections across spaces. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2021.25.
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Inadequate budget control is one of the major challenges that adversely affect the maintenance of a building. The cost of plant asset maintenance of the commercial building is a larger proportion of the overall cost of operation. It is important to allocate financial resources appropriately so that, before serious damage occurs, maintenance measures can be taken. Accordingly, a well-defined maintenance budget (MB) makes it possible to recognise opportunities for creating continuous business performance improvements within the financial constraints of a company. Although required building maintenance can be carried out successfully with an adequate budget, the budget is not well defined in current industrial practice and Sri Lanka is most likely dealing with the same problem. Thus, this study aimed to develop a framework to enhance the practice of a well-defined MB for commercial buildings in Sri Lanka. The qualitative approach was adopted to address this study. A comprehensive literature review was done and five case studies were performed using ten semi-structured interviews to collect the primary data. The interviewees were selected based on their knowledge in the field of maintenance cost planning. Data were analysed through content analysis using both manual and NVivo 12 software. The research finding revealed that prime barriers of prepare an accurate MB are poor planning of maintenance work and resources, faulty maintenance, changes in country market condition, and poor financial support. The key strategies to overcome the barriers are to select the right budget method, arise awareness of top management about building maintenance and avoid faulty maintenance.
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Amaral, Tatiana Gondim, and Adriano Luiz Santos Queiroz. "Levantamento de indicadores financeiros-chave da incorporação imobiliária." In XI SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE GESTÃO E ECONOMIA DA CONSTRUÇÃO. Antac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46421/sibragec.v11i00.20.
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Real estate development is the business activity characterized by realty production that will include activities from the planning of a set of properties and their commercialization during construction. When we compare the indicators of this area with other types of companies, we realize that it is a subject still relatively little addressed in studies and, when studied, there are more references for Construction than for Real Estate Development. In this sense, a case study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with the purpose of raising the financial indicators, those that are most often taken into account at a strategic level (launch or continuation of a construction, reassess sales and competition), the degree of importance and the degree of difficulty in measuring these performance indicators. During the survey, it was found that the real estate developer analyzed has 60% of its indicators with the degree of importance five, the largest of the adopted scale, and has in its measurement degree the average measurement difficulty of 3.06. For market validation, seven of the eight common indicators with ADEMI-GO surveys have a degree of importance greater than four. The main difficulty in measuring the indicators raised is the excess of manual labor; in other words, the lack of integration between the Company's platforms that would compile the various input data into a summary, a single panel containing all indicators.
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Kubo, Yoshito, and Osamu Sato. "Differences in processes and outcomes between starting from in-house industrial designers and starting from R and D engineers in design-driven innovation." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002558.
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This research aims to clarify the differences in development processes, new product outlines, and post-launch results between two cases of design-driven innovation (DDI), one starting from industrial designers and the other starting from engineers.SignificanceThe importance of design for gaining a competitive advantage is well documented in many countries with a strong tradition of industrial design, such as Italy, Sweden, and Japan. The DDI concept proposed by Roberto Verganti has been developed based on the analysis of more than 50 case studies, mainly from the manufacturing industry. However, while several studies have been published on the practical process of DDI, there are still few empirical studies that focus on the differences in the processes and outcomes of DDI when starting from in-house industrial designers and when starting from R&Dengineers.MethodologyThis study adopted a qualitative approach using Yin's methodology and selected two cases related to high-end model electric fans launched by two Japanese electronics companies in the electric fan market, which is a mature market.In both cases, information on the development process was collected mainly through the use of authenticated secondary sources, augmented in part by direct interviews. On the other hand, the overviews of the new products were based on the product catalogs, and the post-launch results were analyzed based on POS data.Findings/Discussion of resultsNew product development related to the DDI process includes the following stages: design research, idea generation, concept design, product planning, legal protection (patents, etc.), detail design, prototype manufacturing, testing, and production.In the two cases, the in-house designers play a strategic role in the product planning stage, but the main role of idea generation is different. In the case where idea generation was led by the in-house designers, the appearance of the conventional electric fan was retained, but incremental innovation through modularization was achieved. On the other hand, in the case where the ideas were generated by engineers in the R&Ddepartment, a different technology was adopted for the air blowing mechanism, resulting in newness in terms of appearance and product concept.Both models won the Good Design Award and succeeded in establishing a new domain of high-end electric fans in a mature market. The products originating from in-house industrial designers could only increase the number of fan blades in order to compete with other companies' products in subsequent product development. In contrast, the design by R&Dengineers achieved less-than-satisfactory results in terms of sales due to the newness of its design, but it had a positive impact on the company's subsequent product development and business expansion by applying the adopted technology to products other than electric fans. As a result of this study's considerations, it was found that differences occur in the development processes, new product outlines, and post-launch results when the originators are in-house industrial designers and when they are engineers.Originality/valueThis novel qualitative study will advance the accumulation of DDI process research related to new product development and provide suggestions on how to effectively manage and utilize in-house industrial designers and engineers to ensure successful DDI and its outcomes.
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Shobeiri, Sanaz. "Age-Gender Inclusiveness in City Centres – A comparative study of Tehran and Belfast." In SPACE International Conferences April 2021. SPACE Studies Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51596/cbp2021.xwng8060.
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Extended Abstract and [has] the potential to stimulate local and regional economies” (p.3). A city centre or town centre has been recognised as the beating heart and public legacy of an urban fabric either in a small town, medium-sized city, metropolis or megalopolis. Within this spectrum of scales, city centres’ scopes significantly vary in the global context while considering the physical as well as the intangible and the spiritual features. Concerns such as the overall dimensions, skyline, density and compactness, variety of functions and their distribution, comfort, safety, accessibility, resilience, inclusiveness, vibrancy and conviviality, and the dialectics of modernity and traditionalism are only some examples that elucidate the existing complexities of city centres in a city of any scale (overall dimension) (for further details see for instance Behzadfar, 2007; Gehl, 20210; Gehl and Svarre, 2013; Hambleton, 2015; Lacey et al., 2013; Madanipour, 2010; Roberts, 2013). Regardless of the issue of the context, Gehl (2010) define city centres as interconnected with new concepts such as “better city space, more city life” and “lively and attractive hub for the inhabitants” (pp. 13–15). Roberts (2006) explains the notion of a city centre or town centre as a space “in which human interaction and therefore creativity could flourish”. According to her, the point can realise by creating or revitalising 24-hour city policies that can omit the “‘lagerlout’ phenomenon, whereby drunken youths dominated largely empty town centres after dark” (pp. 333–334). De Certeau (1984) explains that a city and subsequently a city centre is where “the ordinary man, a common hero [is] a ubiquitous character, walking in countless thousands on the streets” (p. V). Paumier (2004) depicts a city centre particularly a successful and a vibrant one as “the focus of business, culture, entertainment … to seek and discover… to see and be seen, to meet, learn and enjoy [which] facilitates a wonderful human chemistry … for entertainment and tourism These few examples represent a wide range of physical, mental and spiritual concerns that need to be applied in the current and future design and planning of city centres. The term ‘concern’, here, refers to the opportunities and potentials as well as the problems and challenges. On the one hand, we —the academics and professionals in the fields associated with urbanism— are dealing with theoretical works and planning documents such as short-to-long term masterplans, development plans and agendas. On the other hand, we are facing complicated tangible issues such as financial matters of economic growth or crisis, tourism, and adding or removing business districts/sections. Beyond all ‘on-paper’ or ‘on-desk’ schemes and economic status, a city centre is experienced and explored by many citizens and tourists on an everyday basis. This research aims to understand the city centre from the eyes of an ordinary user —or as explained by De Certeau (1984), from the visions of a “common hero”. In a comparative study and considering the scale indicator, the size of one city centre might even exceed the whole size of another city. However, within all these varieties and differences, some principal functions perform as the in-common formative core of city centres worldwide. This investigation has selected eight similar categories of these functions to simultaneously investigate two different case study cities of Tehran and Belfast. This mainly includes: 1) an identity-based historical element; 2) shopping; 3) religious buildings; 4) residential area; 5) network of squares and streets; 6) connection with natural structures; 7) administrative and official Buildings; and 8) recreational and non-reactional retail units. This would thus elaborate on if/how the dissimilarities of contexts manifest themselves in similarities and differences of in-common functions in the current city centres. With a focus on the age-gender indicator, this investigation studies the sociocultural aspect of inclusiveness and how it could be reflected in future design and planning programmes of the case study cities. In short, the aim is to explore the design and planning guidelines and strategies —both identical and divergent— for Tehran and Belfast to move towards sociocultural inclusiveness and sustainability. In this research, due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, the studies of the current situation of inclusiveness in Belfast city centre have remained as incomplete. Thus, this presentation would like to perform either as an opening of a platform for potential investigations about Belfast case study city or as an invitation for future collaborations with the researcher for comparative studies about age-gender inclusiveness in city centres worldwide. In short, this research tries to investigate the current situation by identifying unrecognised opportunities and how they can be applied in future short-to-long plans as well as by appreciating the neglected problems and proposing design-planning solutions to achieve age-gender inclusiveness. The applied methodology mainly includes the direct appraisal within a 1-year timespan of September 2019 – September 2020 to cover all seasonal and festive effects. Later, however, in order to consider the role of the COVID-19 Pandemic, the direct appraisal was extended until January 2021. The complementary method to the direct appraisal is the photography to fast freeze the moments of the ordinary scenes of the life of the case study city centres (John Paul and Caponigro Arts, 2014; Langmann and Pick, 2018). The simultaneous study of the captured images would thus contribute to better analyse the age-gender inclusiveness in the non-interfered status of Tehran and Belfast. Acknowledgement This investigation is based on the researcher’s finding through ongoing two-year postdoctoral research (2019 – 2021) as a part of the Government Authorised Exchange Scheme between Fulmen Engineering Company in Tehran, Iran and Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland. The postdoctoral research title is “The role of age and gender in designing inclusive city centres – A comparative study of different-scale cities: Tehran and Belfast” in School of Natural and Built Environment of the Queen’s University of Belfast and is advised by Dr Neil Galway in the Department of Planning. This works is financially supported by Fulmen Company as a sabbatical scheme for eligible company’s senior-level staff. Keywords: Age-gender, Inclusiveness, Sociocultural, City Centre, Urban Heritage, Tehran, Belfast
Reports on the topic "Business planning Australia Case studies"
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Mwamba, Isaiah C., Mohamadali Morshedi, Suyash Padhye, Amir Davatgari, Soojin Yoon, Samuel Labi, and Makarand Hastak. Synthesis Study of Best Practices for Mapping and Coordinating Detours for Maintenance of Traffic (MOT) and Risk Assessment for Duration of Traffic Control Activities. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317344.
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Maintenance of traffic (MOT) during construction periods is critical to the success of project delivery and the overall mission of transportation agencies. MOT plans may include full road closures and coordination of detours near construction areas. Various state DOTs have designed their own manuals for detour mapping and coordination. However, very limited information is provided to select optimal detour routes. Moreover, closures or detours should provide not only measurable consequences, such as vehicle operating costs and added travel time, but also various unforeseen qualitative impacts, such as business impacts and inconvenience to local communities. Since the qualitative aspects are not easily measurable they tend to be neglected in systematic evaluations and decision-making processes. In this study, the current practices obtained based on an extensive literature review, a nation-wide survey, as well as a series of interviews with INDOT and other state DOTs are leveraged to (1) identify a comprehensive set of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for detour route mapping, (2) understand how other state DOTs address the qualitative criteria, (3) identify how the involved risks during the planning, service time, and closure of the detour routes are managed, and (4) recommend process improvements for INDOT detour mapping guidelines. As demonstrated by two sample case studies, the proposed KPIs can be taken as a basis for developing a decision-support tool that enables decision-makers to consider both qualitative and quantitative aspects for optimal detour route mapping. In addition, the current INDOT detour policy can be updated based on the proposed process improvements.
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Rankin, Nicole, Deborah McGregor, Candice Donnelly, Bethany Van Dort, Richard De Abreu Lourenco, Anne Cust, and Emily Stone. Lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography for high risk populations: Investigating effectiveness and screening program implementation considerations: An Evidence Check rapid review brokered by the Sax Institute (www.saxinstitute.org.au) for the Cancer Institute NSW. The Sax Institute, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/clzt5093.
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Background Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer death worldwide.(1) It is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia (12,741 cases diagnosed in 2018) and the leading cause of cancer death.(2) The number of years of potential life lost to lung cancer in Australia is estimated to be 58,450, similar to that of colorectal and breast cancer combined.(3) While tobacco control strategies are most effective for disease prevention in the general population, early detection via low dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening in high-risk populations is a viable option for detecting asymptomatic disease in current (13%) and former (24%) Australian smokers.(4) The purpose of this Evidence Check review is to identify and analyse existing and emerging evidence for LDCT lung cancer screening in high-risk individuals to guide future program and policy planning. Evidence Check questions This review aimed to address the following questions: 1. What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 2. What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 3. What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? 4. What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Summary of methods The authors searched the peer-reviewed literature across three databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase) for existing systematic reviews and original studies published between 1 January 2009 and 8 August 2019. Fifteen systematic reviews (of which 8 were contemporary) and 64 original publications met the inclusion criteria set across the four questions. Key findings Question 1: What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? There is sufficient evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of combined (pooled) data from screening trials (of high-risk individuals) to indicate that LDCT examination is clinically effective in reducing lung cancer mortality. In 2011, the landmark National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST, a large-scale randomised controlled trial [RCT] conducted in the US) reported a 20% (95% CI 6.8% – 26.7%; P=0.004) relative reduction in mortality among long-term heavy smokers over three rounds of annual screening. High-risk eligibility criteria was defined as people aged 55–74 years with a smoking history of ≥30 pack-years (years in which a smoker has consumed 20-plus cigarettes each day) and, for former smokers, ≥30 pack-years and have quit within the past 15 years.(5) All-cause mortality was reduced by 6.7% (95% CI, 1.2% – 13.6%; P=0.02). Initial data from the second landmark RCT, the NEderlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings ONderzoek (known as the NELSON trial), have found an even greater reduction of 26% (95% CI, 9% – 41%) in lung cancer mortality, with full trial results yet to be published.(6, 7) Pooled analyses, including several smaller-scale European LDCT screening trials insufficiently powered in their own right, collectively demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in lung cancer mortality (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73–0.91).(8) Despite the reduction in all-cause mortality found in the NLST, pooled analyses of seven trials found no statistically significant difference in all-cause mortality (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90–1.00).(8) However, cancer-specific mortality is currently the most relevant outcome in cancer screening trials. These seven trials demonstrated a significantly greater proportion of early stage cancers in LDCT groups compared with controls (RR 2.08, 95% CI 1.43–3.03). Thus, when considering results across mortality outcomes and early stage cancers diagnosed, LDCT screening is considered to be clinically effective. Question 2: What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? The harms of LDCT lung cancer screening include false positive tests and the consequences of unnecessary invasive follow-up procedures for conditions that are eventually diagnosed as benign. While LDCT screening leads to an increased frequency of invasive procedures, it does not result in greater mortality soon after an invasive procedure (in trial settings when compared with the control arm).(8) Overdiagnosis, exposure to radiation, psychological distress and an impact on quality of life are other known harms. Systematic review evidence indicates the benefits of LDCT screening are likely to outweigh the harms. The potential harms are likely to be reduced as refinements are made to LDCT screening protocols through: i) the application of risk predication models (e.g. the PLCOm2012), which enable a more accurate selection of the high-risk population through the use of specific criteria (beyond age and smoking history); ii) the use of nodule management algorithms (e.g. Lung-RADS, PanCan), which assist in the diagnostic evaluation of screen-detected nodules and cancers (e.g. more precise volumetric assessment of nodules); and, iii) more judicious selection of patients for invasive procedures. Recent evidence suggests a positive LDCT result may transiently increase psychological distress but does not have long-term adverse effects on psychological distress or health-related quality of life (HRQoL). With regards to smoking cessation, there is no evidence to suggest screening participation invokes a false sense of assurance in smokers, nor a reduction in motivation to quit. The NELSON and Danish trials found no difference in smoking cessation rates between LDCT screening and control groups. Higher net cessation rates, compared with general population, suggest those who participate in screening trials may already be motivated to quit. Question 3: What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? There are no systematic reviews that capture the main components of recent major lung cancer screening trials and programs. We extracted evidence from original studies and clinical guidance documents and organised this into key groups to form a concise set of components for potential implementation of a national lung cancer screening program in Australia: 1. Identifying the high-risk population: recruitment, eligibility, selection and referral 2. Educating the public, people at high risk and healthcare providers; this includes creating awareness of lung cancer, the benefits and harms of LDCT screening, and shared decision-making 3. Components necessary for health services to deliver a screening program: a. Planning phase: e.g. human resources to coordinate the program, electronic data systems that integrate medical records information and link to an established national registry b. Implementation phase: e.g. human and technological resources required to conduct LDCT examinations, interpretation of reports and communication of results to participants c. Monitoring and evaluation phase: e.g. monitoring outcomes across patients, radiological reporting, compliance with established standards and a quality assurance program 4. Data reporting and research, e.g. audit and feedback to multidisciplinary teams, reporting outcomes to enhance international research into LDCT screening 5. Incorporation of smoking cessation interventions, e.g. specific programs designed for LDCT screening or referral to existing community or hospital-based services that deliver cessation interventions. Most original studies are single-institution evaluations that contain descriptive data about the processes required to establish and implement a high-risk population-based screening program. Across all studies there is a consistent message as to the challenges and complexities of establishing LDCT screening programs to attract people at high risk who will receive the greatest benefits from participation. With regards to smoking cessation, evidence from one systematic review indicates the optimal strategy for incorporating smoking cessation interventions into a LDCT screening program is unclear. There is widespread agreement that LDCT screening attendance presents a ‘teachable moment’ for cessation advice, especially among those people who receive a positive scan result. Smoking cessation is an area of significant research investment; for instance, eight US-based clinical trials are now underway that aim to address how best to design and deliver cessation programs within large-scale LDCT screening programs.(9) Question 4: What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Assessing the value or cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening involves a complex interplay of factors including data on effectiveness and costs, and institutional context. A key input is data about the effectiveness of potential and current screening programs with respect to case detection, and the likely outcomes of treating those cases sooner (in the presence of LDCT screening) as opposed to later (in the absence of LDCT screening). Evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening programs has been summarised in two systematic reviews. We identified a further 13 studies—five modelling studies, one discrete choice experiment and seven articles—that used a variety of methods to assess cost-effectiveness. Three modelling studies indicated LDCT screening was cost-effective in the settings of the US and Europe. Two studies—one from Australia and one from New Zealand—reported LDCT screening would not be cost-effective using NLST-like protocols. We anticipate that, following the full publication of the NELSON trial, cost-effectiveness studies will likely be updated with new data that reduce uncertainty about factors that influence modelling outcomes, including the findings of indeterminate nodules. Gaps in the evidence There is a large and accessible body of evidence as to the effectiveness (Q1) and harms (Q2) of LDCT screening for lung cancer. Nevertheless, there are significant gaps in the evidence about the program components that are required to implement an effective LDCT screening program (Q3). Questions about LDCT screening acceptability and feasibility were not explicitly included in the scope. However, as the evidence is based primarily on US programs and UK pilot studies, the relevance to the local setting requires careful consideration. The Queensland Lung Cancer Screening Study provides feasibility data about clinical aspects of LDCT screening but little about program design. The International Lung Screening Trial is still in the recruitment phase and findings are not yet available for inclusion in this Evidence Check. The Australian Population Based Screening Framework was developed to “inform decision-makers on the key issues to be considered when assessing potential screening programs in Australia”.(10) As the Framework is specific to population-based, rather than high-risk, screening programs, there is a lack of clarity about transferability of criteria. However, the Framework criteria do stipulate that a screening program must be acceptable to “important subgroups such as target participants who are from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, people from disadvantaged groups and people with a disability”.(10) An extensive search of the literature highlighted that there is very little information about the acceptability of LDCT screening to these population groups in Australia. Yet they are part of the high-risk population.(10) There are also considerable gaps in the evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening in different settings, including Australia. The evidence base in this area is rapidly evolving and is likely to include new data from the NELSON trial and incorporate data about the costs of targeted- and immuno-therapies as these treatments become more widely available in Australia.