Journal articles on the topic 'Bus stops'
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1
Carr, Robert. "Soviet Bus Stops." International Journal for the History of Engineering & Technology 86, no. 2 (July 2, 2016): 248–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17581206.2016.1223946.
2
Zhuk, Mykola, Volodymyr Kovalyshyn, and Volodymyr Hilevych. "Forecasting of urban buses dwelling time at stops." Transport technologies 2020, no. 2 (November 9, 2020): 44–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/tt2020.02.044.
Abstract:
Intelligent Transport Systems in urban conditions is one of the solutions to reduce congestion of vehicles and the amount of harmful emissions. An important component of ITS is the assessment of the duration of a public transport trip. It is necessary to focus on the study of the duration of the bus (the duration of traffic between stops and the dwelling time). In this paper, the authors focused on determining the dependence of the duration of buses at stops depending on the demand of passengers. The dwelling time of buses at stops is not considered independent of the duration of the journey. The duration of the bus is the periods of time when the buses wait at the stops, and the travel time, which is the duration of the bus between each two stops. The study was conducted on the bus route #3A in Lviv. To determine the dwelling time of the bus at stops, it is necessary to take into account information about passengers and the trajectory of buses. The obtained data can increase the accuracy of forecasting in different traffic situations in comparison with the most modern methods.
3
Nain, S. H., and J. B. Murdoch. "Lighting for Bus Stops." Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society 26, no. 1 (January 1997): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00994480.1997.10748170.
4
Ding, Haoyang, Wei Wang, Tianming Luo, Zhen Yang, Ye Li, and Zhibin Li. "Cellular Automata Based Modeling for Evaluating Different Bus Stop Designs in China." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/365412.
Abstract:
A cellular automaton model is proposed to simulate mixed traffic flow composed of motor vehicles and bicycles near bus stops. Three typical types of bus stops which are common in China are considered in the model, including two types of curbside bus stops and one type of bus bay stops. Passenger transport capacity of three types of bus stops, which is applied to evaluate the bus stop design, is calculated based on the corresponding traffic flow rate. According to the simulation results, the flow rates of both motor vehicles and bicycles exhibit phase transition from free flow to the saturation one at the critical point. The results also show that the larger the interaction between motor vehicle and bicycle flow is near curbside bus stops, the more the value of saturated flows drops. Curbside bus stops are more suitable when the conflicts between two flows are small and the inflow rate of motor vehicles is low. On the contrary, bus bay stops should be applied due to their ability to reduce traffic conflicts. Findings of this study can provide useful suggestions on bus stop selection considering different inflow rate of motor vehicles and bicycles simultaneously.
5
Zhang, Jian, Zhibin Li, Fangwei Zhang, Yong Qi, Wenzhu Zhou, Yong Wang, De Zhao, and Wei Wang. "Evaluating the Impacts of Bus Stop Design and Bus Dwelling on Operations of Multitype Road Users." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (December 10, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4702517.
Abstract:
On urban streets with bus stops, bus arrivals can disrupt traffic flows in the neighboring areas. Different stop designs have distinct influences on the road users. This study aims to evaluate how different types of bus stops affect the operations of vehicles, bicycles, and buses that pass by. Four types of stops that differ in geometric layout are examined. They are termed the shared bike/bus (Type 1), separated shared bike/bus (Type 2), vehicle/bus with inboard bike lane (Type 3), and bus bay with inboard bike lane (Type 4). Data are collected from eight sites in two cities of China. Results of data analysis show that different bus stop designs have quite different impacts on the neighboring traffic flows. More specifically, Type 3 stops create the least bicycle delay but the largest vehicle delay. Type 4 stops have the least impact on bicycle and vehicle operations, but occupy the most road space. Traffic operations are less affected by Type 1 stops than by Type 2 stops. Policy suggestions are discussed regarding the optimal design of bus stops that minimizes the total vehicle delay of all modes.
6
Dashdamirov, Fuad. "Modeling of buses operation at stops with intensive use." InterConf, no. 27(133) (November 20, 2022): 342–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.11.2022.031.
Abstract:
City bus routes often use joint stops on certain streets. To reduce the delay time of buses at stops where several bus routes pass, it is important to coordinate the schedules of the routes. The article proposes the use of agent-based simulation to describe the operation of bus routes at the same stop. After determining the location of frequently used bus stops, a logical diagram of the movement of buses at one of these stops in the city of Baku is displayed using the Anylogic 8.7.7 software. Options for entering bus movement parameters in different ways are considered.
7
Iqbal, Razi, and Muhammad Usman Ghani. "Intelligent Bus Stops in the Flexible Bus Systems." Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review 7, no. 4 (October 2014): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.25103/jestr.074.10.
8
Yu, Qian, and Tiezhu Li. "Evaluation of bus emissions generated near bus stops." Atmospheric Environment 85 (March 2014): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.12.020.
9
Galdi, Michael, and Paporn Thebpanya. "Optimizing School Bus Stop Placement in Howard County, Maryland." International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research 7, no. 1 (January 2016): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijagr.2016010103.
Abstract:
In the current system, school bus stops in Howard County, Maryland are manually placed along the school bus routes based on safety, cost-efficiency, and many other variables. With such liberal placement, bus stops are sometimes placed unnecessarily. This issue is prevalent in many school districts and often results in needlessly close bus stop proximity. In this study, the authors implemented a GIS-based heuristic to assist school officials in optimizing their districts bus stop placement. They also estimated the proportion of county-wide bus stops that could be eliminated by this approach. Following the constraints determined by State and local guidelines, the ArcGIS Network Analyst Extension was used to identify unnecessary bus stops across the study area. The initial output was re-evaluated by school officials in order to determine if those bus stops would be eliminated. The results indicate that approximately 30% of the existing bus stops were marked as “candidates for elimination” by the GIS process. After a review of these candidates, it was determined that at least 15% of the total school bus stops could be eliminated. Statistical estimates lent credence to the benefit of a re-evaluation of these bus stops. The method developed in this study can easily be replicated. Hence, it may inspire other school systems to exercise the same approach. Additionally, the results provide a gateway for future studies in examining more efficient school bus routes with less travel time, as well as investigating how much the carbon footprint of school bus fleets can be reduced.
10
Luo, Qingyu, Tianyao Zheng, Wenjing Wu, Hongfei Jia, and Jin Li. "Modeling the effect of bus stops on capacity of curb lane." International Journal of Modern Physics C 29, no. 03 (March 2018): 1850022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183118500225.
Abstract:
With the increase of buses and bus lines, a negative effect on road section capacity is made by the prolonged delay and queuing time at bus stops. However, existing methods of measuring the negative effect pay little attention to different bus stop types in the curb lanes. This paper uses Gap theory and Queuing theory to build models for effect-time and potential capacity in different conditions, including curbside bus stops, bus bays with overflow and bus bays without overflow. In order to make the effect-time models accurate and reliable, two types of probabilities are introduced. One is the probability that the dwell time is less than the headway of curb lane at curbside bus stops; the other is the overflow probability at bus bays. Based on the fundamental road capacity model and effect-time models, potential capacity models of curb lane are designed. The new models are calibrated by the survey data from Changchun City, and verified by the simulation software of VISSIM. Furthermore, with different arrival rates of vehicles, the setting conditions of bus stops are researched. Results show that the potential capacity models have high precision. They can offer a reference for recognizing the effect of bus stops on the capacity of curb lane, which can provide a basis for planning, design and management of urban roads and bus stops.
11
Moore, Adam, Miguel Figliozzi, and Christopher M. Monsere. "Air Quality at Bus Stops." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2270, no. 1 (January 2012): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2270-10.
12
Wolman, Amnon. "The Red Bus Stops Here." Leonardo Music Journal 12 (December 2002): 65–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/lmj.2002.12.65.
13
Nazir, Humaira. "AN APPROACH TO IMPROVE LOCAL BUS STOPS IN THE INNER-CITY OF KARACHI." Journal of Research in Architecture and Planning 24, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.53700/jrap2412018_6.
Abstract:
Public spaces are an important part of human life. These spaces account for the intellectual growth of individuals and invoke a spirit of their own. Everybody can access these places any time of the day. Sidewalks, streets, markets, parks, recreational spaces, public squares and bus stops come under the category of public spaces. Most bus stops in a city remain vibrant throughout the day. All sorts of people and activities can be observed at bus stops. Despite the need and importance of bus stops, they are often poorly integrated or neglected and are not given the attention that makes them successful public and active social gathering space. The purpose of this study is to explore how to improve the present condition of public bus stops so that the use increases, and they become welcoming places, in the context of Karachi. This study investigates the kind of amenities required at bus stops to provide comfort to public. Moreover, it is researched as to how to make bus stops active places that foster community engagement and enhance rider experience. Using qualitative analysis approach (observation, interviews), the research was carried out at two inner-city local bus stops of Karachi. The main focus of the research was the University Road, because of personal travelling and daily observation on this road by public transport. The stops selected for research were NIPA and Hassan Square, because these are most used locations on this main road. The findings suggested that local bus stops of the city support interaction between people and are perfect incubators of life on streets. Through improvements to the existing condition of bus stops, they can contribute to the development of social ties and increase the use of local transport in the inner-city neighborhoods. The study concludes that public bus stops are not only an important part of transport infrastructure but also serve as social nexus for people, where people gather, wait for buses, converse with their fellow riders and discuss different activities of their lives. If equipped with all necessary amenities, the bus stops can decrease the traffic load of the city because more people will be encouraged to use public transport and can fulfill much more than transportation needs; they can provide opportunity to different ethnic groups to mingle and stimulate social cohesion. Keywords: Bus stops, community engagement, social ties, social nexus, social cohesion.
14
Mishra, Aamlan Saswat. "Selection of Parameters and Parametric Design of Smart Bus Stops to Improve the Socio-temporal Landscape in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India." Journal of Advanced Research in Construction and Urban Architecture 05, no. 3&4 (October 9, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2456.9925.202002.
Abstract:
Transportation is an important activity under Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. Bus stops are a crucial included element, which requires an architectural design for user satisfaction using functional and ethical design parameters. A study has been conducted at Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India to find the scope for development in the present bus stop infrastructures for better user satisfaction. Major bus routes in the town involving intra-city routes and intercity routes have been selected. Thirty-seven bus stops are selected for survey and analysis. User requirements in the bus stops have been evaluated and used as parameters for an improved design. A total of eighteen parameters are evaluated through survey and the feedback has been recorded in Google Form for analysis. Central tendencies of data have been computed. Further, dimensional reduction technique has been used to identify the principal components responsible for synergy of parameters. PCA of first three Principal component parameters has been considered for re-modelling the bus stops of Bhubaneswar. It has been observed that seven parameters jointly can achieve 54.4% user’s satisfaction compared to 44% as observed from the descriptive statistical analysis. Minitab-18 has been used for all statistical analysis. The correlation coefficient values have been used to determine the requirements of bus stop users in Bhubaneswar at different bus stops. PCA plots are further analysed for parameter recommendation in upgrading the bus stop facilities to make it sustainable and environment-friendly. The design of the bus stop has been made using Rhinoceros software and Grasshopper plugin.
15
Faridai, S., R. S. Juraeva, S. N. Darovskikh, and Sh Sh Qodirov. "NEURAL NETWORK MODEL FOR PREDICTING PASSENGER CONGESTION TO OPTIMIZE TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT FOR URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT." Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Ser. Computer Technologies, Automatic Control & Radioelectronics 21, no. 1 (February 2021): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/ctcr210106.
Abstract:
The development of public transport in cities is an effective way to reduce “congestion” in the road network and, as a result, increase the speed of passenger transportation. Improving the qua¬lity of urban bus services helps attract more passengers. Bus intervals are calculated once for each route line individually, based on the average congestion of passengers at the stops. In turn, the sudden accumulation of a large number of passengers at bus stops causes that not all passengers can move in a timely manner, which causes concern for passengers. This is one of the factors that redu¬ces the quality of passenger transport services. The aim of the study is to develop a model for predicting the congestion of passengers at bus stops to optimize traffic management of urban public transport. Materials and methods. This article presents a neural network model for predicting passenger congestion at bus stops. It takes into account the spatio-temporal characteristics of bus traffic. Results. The developed model for predicting passenger congestion at bus stops was tested on real data from bus route 3 (Dushanbe, Tajikistan). The model made it possible to predict passenger traffic (the number of passengers at bus stops) with an accuracy of 72% to 74.5% of the actual number of passengers at bus stops. Conclusion. The proposed method, in contrast to other methods, allows you to automatically adapt the forecasting model to the changing conditions of the route line. This method is universal and can be used for other route lines (bus stops). It does not require much time to reconfigure.
16
Bawana, Setya Adi, and Rini Rachmawati. "Evaluasi Lokasi Eksisting Halte Bus Rapid Transit Trans Jogja." Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTRANSLOG) 7, no. 1 (April 12, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.54324/j.mtl.v7i1.351.
Abstract:
Trans Jogja is one of the government programs to create connectivity in Yogyakarta and the existence of the bus shelter greatly influences the range of passengers which can be optimized if it is located near the housing or public area. This study aims to (a) Identify the existing locations of Trans Jogja Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) shelters in the city, (b) Identify the range of Trans Jogja Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) passengers to the existence of bus stops, and (c) Identify the realization of the Trans Jogja Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) shelters’ development in Yogyakarta. The bus shelters’ level of density is different for each distribution area. The highest level is in the residential areas and places of activity with a percentage of 46%, followed by education areas (25.5%), government (13.4%), health (7.9%), trade (3.3%), tourism (2.9%), and the developed area (0.8%). 75% of Trans Jogja BRT users come from within the range of 0-300 meters buffer of the bus stops. The bus shelters at the center of the activity will be much easier to reach and have high accessibility, in that case the distance between bus stops is closer and the density is higher. The connection between bus stops and bus stops’ planning has a degree of interconnection of 100%. It indicates that all the bus stops planned to be developed in 2017 have been built in 2019.
17
Rossetti, Silvia. "In Field Assessment of Safety, Security, Comfort and Accessibility of Bus Stops: a Planning Perspective." European Transport/Trasporti Europei 80, ET.2020 (December 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.48295/et.2020.80.8.
Abstract:
There is a wide literature focused on how to design new bus stops, but the research on how to review and assess quality and safety of existing bus stops is, so far, still less developed. Therefore, this paper highlights the need for in field inspections of existing bus stops and illustrates a possible methodology to assess and review them. The paper further develops a Road Safety inspection methodology for existing bus stops. Particularly, starting from the inspection methodology, the paper describes how it is possible to handle data collected during bus stops inspections to perform a more comprehensive review of the bus stops, in terms of Road Safety, Security, Comfort and Accessibility levels. The technique was successfully applied to some bus lines in the Province of Brescia (Italy), and can be easily transferred to other contexts. Through the use of a Geographical Information System (GIS), informative layers were built, and thematic maps were realised. The assessment can then be used by technicians and decision makers to plan and prioritise interventions on the infrastructure.
18
Kamal, Miraal, Manal Atif, Hafsa Mujahid, Tamer Shanableh, A. R. Al-Ali, and Ahmad Al Nabulsi. "IoT Based Smart City Bus Stops." Future Internet 11, no. 11 (October 26, 2019): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi11110227.
Abstract:
The advent of smart sensors, single system-on-chip computing devices, Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing is facilitating the design and development of smart devices and services. These include smart meters, smart street lightings, smart gas stations, smart parking lots, and smart bus stops. Countries in the Gulf region have hot and humid weather around 6–7 months of the year, which might lead to uncomfortable conditions for public commuters. Transportation authorities have made some major enhancements to existing bus stops by installing air-conditioning units, but without any remote monitoring and control features. This paper proposes a smart IoT-based environmentally - friendly enhanced design for existing bus stop services in the United Arab Emirates. The objective of the proposed design was to optimize energy consumption through estimating bus stop occupancy, remotely monitor air conditioning and lights, automatically report utility breakdowns, and measure the air pollution around the area. In order to accomplish this, bus stops will be equipped with a WiFi-Based standalone microcontroller connected to sensors and actuators. The microcontroller transmits the sensor readings to a real-time database hosted in the cloud and incorporates a mobile app that notifies operators or maintenance personnel in the case of abnormal readings or breakdowns. The mobile app encompasses a map interface enabling operators to remotely monitor the conditions of bus stops such as the temperature, humidity, estimated occupancy, and air pollution levels. In addition to presenting the system’s architecture and detailed design, a system prototype is built to test and validate the proposed solution.
19
Hafezi, Mohammad Hesam, and Amiruddin Ismail. "Interaction between Bus Stops Location and Traffic on Bus Operation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 97-98 (September 2011): 1185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.97-98.1185.
Abstract:
In bus networks there are many stations used for boarding and alighting passengers along the bus route. In designing bus stop location three sides approach to be considered; the big picture, street side and curb side. Apiece of three sides have directly affects in the bus scheduling. The effectiveness of bus operation will depend on number of bus stops and its spacing. Basically, bus stations have two kinds: bus stop, use to service passengers in one bus line and bus interchange (terminal) use to share station between some bus lines. This article described a survey on bus stop location efficiency in bus operation where study on bus stop location in three points: near-side, far-side and mid-block were considered. It has been highlighted bus stop location in situation mid-block has higher efficiency than others situations.
20
Obiorah, Kenneth. "Lagos' Bus Stop Names and their Pronunciations by Danfo Bus Conductors." JURNAL ARBITRER 8, no. 2 (October 27, 2021): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ar.8.2.180-188.2021.
Abstract:
Danfo Buses are one of the main means of transportation in Lagos. For commuters to move from one location to another, it is highly essential that they know their bus stops and how the Danfo bus conductors pronounce them. This is because an inability to understand how these bus stops are pronounced will make it difficult for commuters to locate their destination. This paper aims to classify Lagos bus stop names based on their languages and sources of origin and demystify their pronunciation by Danfo bus conductors. Data was gathered through audio recordings of the speeches of the Danfo bus conductors. Data shows that bus stops in Lagos were named using both the local and English languages. Data also reveals that the names of these bus stops were derived from several ancient landmarks, including religious landmarks, commercial activities, agro-related landmarks, ancient edifices, and long-standing handiwork practices around these bus stops either now or in time past. The data further shows that the Danfo bus conductors employ various phonological processes such as vowel deletion, nasal deletion, vowel lengthening, consonant deletion, and word deletion in the pronunciation of bus stop names. The public is urged to take cognisance of these pronunciations in order not to miss their locations.
21
Bian, Bomin, Michael Pinedo, Ning Zhu, and Shoufeng Ma. "Performance Analysis of Overtaking Maneuvers at Bus Stops with Tandem Berths." Transportation Science 53, no. 2 (March 2019): 597–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2018.0841.
Abstract:
Bus queues are common at bus stops and may cause significant delays. Overtaking is a standard maneuver used by buses at curbside stops. In general, there are two kinds of overtaking maneuvers, namely overtaking in and overtaking out. When overtaking is allowed, the analysis of the bus queues becomes more difficult because such maneuvers violate the first-in, first-out rule and affect the capacity of the bus stop as well as the average waiting delay. It is important to understand the effects that overtaking maneuvers have on the operations at bus stops. In our study, we consider four different bus overtaking rules at curbside bus stops and analyze four associated queuing models with finite tandem berths. To be more specific, low, moderate, and high bus frequencies are analyzed assuming exponentially distributed dwell times. Analytic expressions for the expected average waiting delays are developed. Further, a general queueing model with overtaking maneuvers occurring at random is presented. Through simulation, the accuracy of the models and the effects of the coefficient of variation of the dwell times on waiting delays are examined. Theoretical analyses as well as simulation results show the positive effects of overtaking maneuvers on the bus stop capacity and on expected average delays at curbside stops when dwell times are varied. The comparison of different overtaking maneuvers reveals performance differences among the various rules and shows why buses should rather be encouraged to overtake when departing a stop than when entering it. In addition, we discuss some practical factors that may impede the implementation of overtaking. Some managerial insights are obtained, and our formulations and results may help with the assignments of bus lines to bus stops and bus frequency-setting problems. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2018.0841 .
22
Arhin, S. A., A. Gatiba, M. Anderson, B. Manandhar, and M. Ribbisso. "Acceptable Wait Time Models at Transit Bus Stops." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 4 (August 10, 2019): 4574–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2966.
Abstract:
This study aimed at determining patrons’ acceptable wait times beyond the bus scheduled arrival time at bus stops in Washington, DC and to develop accompanying prediction models to provide decision-makers with additional tools to improve patronage. The research primarily relied on a combination of manual and video-based data collection efforts. Manual field data collection was used for surveying patrons to obtain their suggested acceptable wait times at bus stops, while video-based data collection was used to obtain bus stop characteristics and operations. In all, 3,388 bus patrons at 71 selected bus stops were surveyed. Also, operational data for 2,070 bus arrival events on 226 routes were extracted via video playback. Data were collected for AM peak, PM peak and mid-day periods of nine-month duration from May 2018 through January 2019. The results of the survey showed that the minimum acceptable wait time beyond the scheduled arrival time was reported to be 1 minute, while the maximum acceptable wait time was reported to be 20 minutes. Regression analyses were conducted to develop models to predict the maximum acceptable wait time based on factors including temperature, presence of shelter at the bus stops, average headway of buses, and patrons’ knowledge of bus arrival times. The models were developed for A.M., P.M. and mid-day periods. The F-Statistics for the models were determined to be statistically significant with p values
23
Taplin, John HE, and Yuchao Sun. "Optimizing bus stop locations for walking access: Stops-first design of a feeder route to enhance a residential plan." Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science 47, no. 7 (January 24, 2019): 1237–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399808318824108.
Abstract:
Feeder buses provide a small but important part of the public transport system by carrying people between residential areas and transport interchanges. A feeder bus to a train station planned in advance will attract new residents of a housing development to use the bus. The bus route can influence the location choice of a buyer concerned about access for children, the elderly or anyone not wishing to drive a car. Our bus route modelling starts with the bus stops – not the route – to be reached from each dwelling by the shortest possible walk. In demand terms, people locating close to bus stops are more likely to use the service than those choosing more distant locations, and the nearby residences have higher values. The stops-first application determines a feeder bus route to enhance an irregular residential plan covering an area of one square kilometre. The planned road and housing lot locations provide the data for calculating the access measure from each dwelling to each potential bus stop, the closest stop being used. A genetic algorithm tests potential bus stops to find demand maximizing locations, the propensity to use the bus being formulated as an exponential (increasing elasticity) function of walking distance. Then a ‘travelling salesman’ genetic algorithm finds the shortest route linking the stops, so that an efficient circuit route is generated for each alternative number of bus stops, ranging from 7 to 11. More stops not only give better access but also increase the route length, so that total accessibility must be assessed against route length. The distribution of walking distances shows most between 150 and 240 metres, with none more than 400 metres. The results indicate that planning policy should require prior design of a bus route to achieve good walking accessibility, so that residents become accustomed to the convenience of using the bus. This study shows that, at the planning stage, estimating a bi-objective model giving a Pareto front between accessibility and route length can reveal a policy compromise that shortens the route with little reduction in expected patronage.
24
Tubis, Agnieszka A., Emilia T. Skupień, and Mateusz Rydlewski. "Method of Assessing Bus Stops Safety Based on Three Groups of Criteria." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 24, 2021): 8275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158275.
Abstract:
Bus stops are an essential element of the public transport system and affect its users’ safety level. They are where the passengers gather who want to use bus transport, and where vehicles stop to exchange passenger flows. Most studies devoted to assessing bus stops’ safety focus on two evaluation methods: (1) statistical analysis of traffic crash data and (2) traffic conflict analysis. However, there is a need to develop a methodology to define priorities and scope for the improvement of increasing bus stops’ safety. For this reason, the aim of the article is to present a method of assessing bus stops’ safety, which is dedicated to the process of auditing and designing point infrastructure in the city. The use of the proposed method of evaluating bus stops is aimed not only at determining the current status, but above all at assigning priorities to actions aimed at increasing safety and improving the quality of life of residents. The article presents in detail the algorithm of the research procedure consisting of the proposed method and its implementation for the evaluation of stops in a selected city. In total, 151 bus stops serving all fast lines in the studied agglomeration were assessed. As part of the results, the ratings obtained by individual stops were presented. The level of fulfilment of individual evaluation criteria, divided into conducted classification procedures, was also analysed. The implementation of the method in the real system allowed us to assess the correctness of the procedure and the usefulness of the obtained results. The obtained results of the evaluation of bus stops and the fulfilment of individual criteria should constitute the basis for the created schedules of the required ongoing works related to the improvement of public transport passenger safety, but also the creation of long-term plans related to the improvement of the bus stop infrastructure and its adaptation to changing safety requirements and passengers’ expectations.
25
Xi, Jiangfeng, Quan Wang, Tongqiang Ding, Lili Zheng, Shengli Wang, and Wei Li. "Research on the Coordinated Design of Bus and Taxi Station." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/372496.
Abstract:
Rises in the number of transit buses, bus routes, and overall traffic volume in China’s cities, coupled with interference from other transport modes, such as taxis loading and unloading passengers nearby, have led to increasing traffic delays at bus stops, which is considered one of the factors degrading service levels and traffic operations on urban roadways. This paper studies traffic characteristics at bus stops, investigates variations in delay from different types or designs of bus stops, and analyzes the impact of it on traffic capacity, the purpose of which is to propose a solution to predicting the feasibility of an integrated design of bus stops and taxi stands with the help of mathematical models and based on the objectives of optimal traffic operations and passenger transfer.
26
Massalesse, Jusmawati. "Penerapan Algoritma Genetika Pada Penentuan Lintasan Terpendek Jalur Bus Rapid Transit Makassar." Jurnal Matematika, Statistika dan Komputasi 16, no. 2 (December 19, 2019): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/jmsk.v16i2.7016.
Abstract:
Bus Rapid Transit is a bus system that is fast, convenient, safe and on time from infrastructure, vehicles, and schedules. As a graph problem, BRT representation in a graph is done by assuming the bus stop as a vertex and the distance between bus stops is an edge. The problem examined in this paper is to find out the path that passes through all the bus stops with the smallest total distance, where the trip starts and ends at the same point, and all bus stops are crossed exactly once. The method used is the Genetic Algorithm, which works using objective and fitness functions, and combines selection, crossover and mutation operators to find the best solution. Using the roulette wheel, OX crossover method and a 0.07 of the probability of mutation, the distance of traverse from and to the departure point after passing all bus stops is 19.66 km or 12.22 miles.
27
Li, Bowen, Zhengdong Huang, Jizhe Xia, Wenshu Li, and Ying Zhang. "Coupling Degree between the Demand and Supply of Bus Services at Stops: A Density-Based Approach." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 3 (March 16, 2021): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10030173.
Abstract:
The bus stop layout and route deployment may influence the efficiency of bus services. Evaluating the supply of bus service requires the consideration of demand from various urban activities, such as residential and job-related activities. Although various evaluation methods have been explored from different perspectives, it remains a challenging issue. This study proposes a spatial statistical approach by comparing the density of the potential demand and supply of bus services at bus stops. The potential demand takes jobs-housing locations into account, and the supply of bus services considers bus stops and their associated total number of daily bus arrivals. The kernel density estimation (KDE) and spatial autocorrelation analyses are employed to investigate the coupling relationship between the demand and supply densities at global and local scales. A coupling degree index (CDI) is constructed to standardize the measurement of demand-supply balance. A case study in Wuhan, China demonstrated that: (1) the spatial distribution of bus stops is reasonable at global level, (2) Seriously unbalanced locations for bus services have been detected at several stops. Related adjustments that can improve these defects are highly recommended.
28
Yu, Qian, Lili Lu, Tiezhu Li, and Ran Tu. "Quantifying the Impact of Alternative Bus Stop Platforms on Vehicle Emissions and Individual Pollution Exposure at Bus Stops." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 11 (May 27, 2022): 6552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116552.
Abstract:
Due to stop-and-go events, bus stops are often treated as “hot spots” for air pollution. The design of bus stops should be optimized to reduce emissions and exposure for transit commuters. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of bus stop platform types on vehicle emissions and individual pollution exposure. Second-by-second emissions data were first collected from one bus using a portable emission measurement system (PEMS). Microscopic traffic simulation was then used to estimate overall traffic emissions under six scenarios with different bus stop settings. Numerical simulation of pollutant dispersion was also conducted to calculate individual pollution exposure at bus stops. The results of PEMS tests showed no significant differences between bus emissions generated near two different types of stops. However, the effect of platform types on overall traffic emissions was revealed using traffic simulation. The results demonstrated that bus bays reduced the emissions of other heavy-duty vehicles. However, bus bays were not always effective during rush hours. The study also highlighted the importance of the location of bus stops, the number of bus lines, and the length of the platform, in addition to dynamic characteristics of traffic flows in the design of bus stop platforms. Bus stop platforms also affected individuals’ exposure due to the changes in the pollutant flow field. The passenger’s exposure at one bus stop was influenced by both the platform type and standing location. Results suggested that in a condition with a wind direction perpendicular to the bus stop shelter, the total exposure level to CO was lower at the bus bay stop if a passenger stood at the upstream of the station platform. However, the exposure was less at the downstream of the curbside bus stop.
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Ma, Wenbin, Shirley Hsiao, and Christopher MacKechnie. "Measuring Bus Stops toward a Sustainable Urban Environment." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2533, no. 1 (January 2015): 124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2533-14.
Abstract:
This paper describes how a bus stop measuring system can be developed not only to achieve transit operation efficiency but also to collaborate proactively with urban planners and traffic engineers on transit–land use interface activities. The measuring system was developed by identifying transit performance variants at the bus stop level with the use of a dynamic composite weighting factor approach on a geographic information system platform. A tier structure framework was used to categorize the composite scores of bus stops into six groups. Specific transit improvement actions were then tailored on the basis of their bus stop characteristics. Two project application examples are presented in this paper. One is a bus stop thinning project for speed improvement, and the other is for prioritizing capital project improvements. As various active transportation programs emerge to encourage local jurisdictions to plan transit connectivity with other community gathering places, this bus stop measuring approach presents a con tinued process to monitor their performance. It is also used to strengthen integration with other street improvement activities, including pedestrian paths and bikeways, to create a safe and sustainable urban environment.
30
Garunović, Nemanja, Valentina Basarić, Vuk Bogdanović, Jelena Mitrović-Simić, and Nenad Ruškić. "Overview of bus stops positioning methods." Tehnika 73, no. 6 (2018): 839–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tehnika1806839g.
31
Kim, Wonho, and L. R. Rilett. "Improved Transit Signal Priority System for Networks with Nearside Bus Stops." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1925, no. 1 (January 2005): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192500121.
Abstract:
Transit signal priority (TSP), which has been deployed in many cities in North America and Europe, is a traffic signal enhancement strategy that facilitates efficient movement of transit vehicles through signalized intersections. Most TSP systems, however, do not work well in transit networks with nearside bus stops because of the uncertainty in bus dwell time. Unfortunately, most bus stops on U.S. arterial roadways are nearside ones. In this research, weighted-least-squares regression modeling was used to estimate bus stop dwell time and, more important, the associated prediction interval. An improved TSP algorithm that explicitly considers the prediction interval was developed to reduce the negative impacts of nearside bus stops. The proposed TSP algorithm was tested on a VISSIM model of an urban arterial section of Bellaire Boulevard in Houston, Texas. In general, it was found that the proposed TSP algorithm was more effective than other algorithms because it improved bus operations without statistically significant impacts on signal operations.
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Martins Monteiro, Cristiano, Flávio Vinícius Cruzeiro Martins, and Clodoveu Augusto Davis Jr. "Optimization of Bus Stops, New Pick-up and Drop-off Locations for Public Transportation." Journal of Information and Data Management 9, no. 3 (December 30, 2018): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/jidm.2018.2042.
Abstract:
The increase in urban population, together with the expansion of cities, has motivated the study of improvements for dynamics aspects of daily urban life. An important portion of these dynamic aspects is related to the population’s routine activities, like commuting using public transportation. This work proposes two meta-heuristics and one integer programming modeling to analyze the location of bus stops and propose new pick-up and drop-off locations in order to avoid long walks to take the bus. A real dataset of the road network was integrated to the location of bus stops in the city of Belo Horizonte. Computing approaches were proposed to optimize the location of bus stops in a scalable way. Experimental results show that many new bus stops are required to improve the quality of the service rendered to the population.
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Choowong, Chanikarn, and Uttapol Smutkupt. "Application of Simulation Technique for Bus Stops Arrangement." International Journal of Global Optimization and Its Application 1, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.56225/ijgoia.v1i3.68.
Abstract:
This study uses simulation to improve efficiency of The Chiang Mai Municipality bus no. 2 (Arcade - Chiang Mai airport route). The target is to achieve the travel time from the starting station to the destination station within 1 hour and 45 minutes. The content of the research will present guidelines for the improvement and design of the Chiang Mai Municipality bus service by using simulation software Arena. In order to use the data obtained from the simulation to analyze and improve the service process of the Chiang Mai Municipality bus to be more efficient. From the simulation by reduce the number of stations. Chiang Mai Municipality bus will be able to provide the service as targeted for only 1 hour 45 minutes and reduce travel time up to 13:46 minutes or accounting for 11.01%. In conclusion, Chiang Mai Municipality bus service has a long traveling time causing passengers to wait a long time. The results of simulation found that Chiang Mai Municipality should reduce the number of stations.
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Aryanti, Puput Budy, Siti Malkhamah, and Sigit Priyanto. "ANALISIS PERENCANAAN PENAMBAHAN TEMPAT HENTI TRANS JOGJA (STUDI KASUS: PELAJAR DAN MAHASISWA DI WILAYAH AGLOMERASI PERKOTAAN YOGYAKARTA)." Journal of Civil Engineering and Planning 1, no. 2 (December 14, 2020): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.37253/jcep.v1i2.1069.
Abstract:
The use of private vehicles that are increasingly out of control causing traffic congestion. About 71% students and college students in the city of Yogyakarta use private vehicles daily. The main solution to overcome this in Yogyakarta is by improving the quality of public transportation. Students are reluctant to use public transportation because their residential area is not yet reached by Trans Jogja. The purpose of this study is to analyze the need to add bus stops that are suitable for students in the Urban Aglomeration Area of Yogyakarta in order to increase the student's desire to use Trans Jogja, so that it is expected to reduce congestion. The results of this study indicate that the distance between the school or campus to a bus stop has already met the standard, but there are still as many as 9% of students whose school or campus's location is within >400 meters to the bus stop. Meanwhile, the distance from the house to the bus stops does not meet the standards because as many as 45% of students whose house location is within > 400 meters to the bus stop. So Trans Jogja need to add additional stops around residential houses and around schools or campuses to increase the number of students to use Trans Jogja as many as 330 bus stop points consisting of 267 existing bus stops and 63 new bus stops.
Keywords: trans jogja, bus stop, public transportation
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Glick, Travis B., and Miguel A. Figliozzi. "Measuring the Determinants of Bus Dwell Time: New Insights and Potential Biases." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2647, no. 1 (January 2017): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2647-13.
Abstract:
Dwell time is a major component of bus travel time and travel time variability. In turn, the distribution of bus travel times affects transit operators’ costs and customer satisfaction. Previous research used dwell time from bus stop–level data to understand the key factors that contribute to dwell time duration. However, bus stop–level data have significant shortcomings when bus stops are located near intersections or at time points. Regression results show that the use of only stop-level data can significantly bias estimation of boarding and alighting coefficients. This research complements bus stop data with bus GPS trajectory data around bus stops to prevent estimation bias and to measure better the key factors that determine dwell time. Regression results from individual and pooled bus stop models are compared to provide new insights into the impacts of traffic conditions, signalized intersections, bus bays, and time points on dwell times. The impacts of nearside, midblock, and farside bus stops are included in the analysis. The number of passengers boarding and alighting has a nonlinear effect with economies or efficiencies of scale.
36
Prah, Klemen, Abolfazl Keshavarzsaleh, Tomaž Kramberger, Borut Jereb, and Dejan Dragan. "Optimal Bus Stops’ Allocation: A School Bus Routing Problem with Respect to Terrain Elevation." Logistics & Sustainable Transport 9, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jlst-2018-0006.
Abstract:
Abstract The paper addresses the optimal bus stops allocation in the Laško municipality. The goal is to achieve a cost reduction by proper re-designing of a mandatory pupils’ transportation to their schools. The proposed heuristic optimization algorithm relies on data clustering and Monte Carlo simulation. The number of bus stops should be minimal possible that still assure a maximal service area, while keeping the minimal walking distances children have to go from their homes to the nearest bus stop. The working mechanism of the proposed algorithm is explained. The latter is driven by three-dimensional GIS data to take into account as much realistic dynamic properties of terrain as possible. The results show that the proposed algorithm achieves an optimal solution with only 37 optimal bus stops covering 94.6 % of all treated pupils despite the diversity and wideness of municipality, as well as the problematic characteristics of terrains’ elevation. The calculated bus stops will represent important guidelines to their actual physical implementation.
37
Chen, Shaokuan, Rui Zhou, Yangfan Zhou, and Baohua Mao. "Computation on Bus Delay at Stops in Beijing through Statistical Analysis." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/745370.
Abstract:
Delays at bus stops have seriously affected the efficiency of bus operation and the improvement of level of services of public transportation and greatly influenced the preferences of passengers to choose bus services. In this paper, the analysis on arriving, dwell and leaving process of buses and the method to calculate bus delays at stops are proposed according to survey data from three bus routes in Beijing. Statistical analysis is then adopted respectively to evaluate average times that buses are docking at curbside and bay-style stops. Moreover, it is noted that different load factors of passengers in buses have significantly influenced the average boarding and alighting time per person. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed methods is illustrated through case studies. This study is crucial and helpful for the planners and operators to evaluate the efficiency and level of service of urban public transportation.
38
Medviď, Peter, Juraj Hammer, and Miloš Poliak. "Analysis of the bus preference and bus stops in Košice." Transport and Communications 6, no. 1 (2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/tac.c.2018.1.1.
Abstract:
Systematic growth of amount of cars and vehicle ownership incites to a growth of traffic flow in locality areas and cities, especially at the traffic peak. A slowing down of traffic, increase of density on traffic areas and advance growth of delay at the crossroads, increasing of exhaust emissions, noise and vibrations is a result of these changes, which manages to traffic accidents increasing.
39
Calvete, Herminia I., Carmen Galé, José A. Iranzo, and Paolo Toth. "A Partial Allocation Local Search Matheuristic for Solving the School Bus Routing Problem with Bus Stop Selection." Mathematics 8, no. 8 (July 23, 2020): 1214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8081214.
Abstract:
This paper addresses the school bus routing problem with bus stop selection, which jointly handles the problems of determining the set of bus stops to visit, allocating each student to one of these bus stops and computing the routes that visit the selected bus stops, so that the total routing cost is minimized and the walking distance of the students is limited by a given value. A fast and efficient matheuristic is developed based on an innovative approach that first partially allocates the students to a set of active stops that they can reach, and computes a set of routes that minimizes the routing cost. Then, a refining process is performed to complete the allocation and to adapt the routes until a feasible solution is obtained. The algorithm is tested on a set of benchmark instances. The computational results show the efficiency of the algorithm in terms of the quality of the solutions yielded and the computing time.
40
Qi, Weiwei, Lianjie Ruan, Yue Zhi, and Bin Shen. "Risk Area Identification Model of Bus Bay Stops Based on Distribution of Conflicts." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2021 (December 31, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9663966.
Abstract:
Effective identification of the risk area of the bus bay stop is a prerequisite for the enhancement of traffic safety. This study proposes a method of identifying the risk area based on the distribution of traffic conflicts. Firstly, the traffic flow data of the bus stop is collected by drones and video recognition software, and the traffic flow characteristics of the bus stop are analyzed by the mathematical and statistical methods. Secondly, using the gray clustering evaluation theory, on the basis of the rasterization of the functional area of the bus bay stop, a risk level model based on the index system of conflict rate, conflict severity, and potential conflict risk is proposed. Finally, take a bus stop in Guangzhou as an example to verify the solution. The results show that the constructed model can effectively identify the risk areas of bus bay stops. The risk areas of the bus bay stops are concentrated in the middle and lower reaches of the bus stop, which proves that the impact of bus exiting the stop on the surrounding traffic is greater than the process of bus entering the stop; the traffic risk areas of lanes near the bus stop are concentrated, and the severity of conflicts is low. The traffic risk zone of the lane far away from the bus stop is widely distributed, and the severity of conflict is higher. The research results can provide a basis for the micro safety performance evaluation and safety optimization of bus bay stops, which has strong theoretical and practical significance.
41
González-Collazo, S. M., J. Balado, E. González, H. Lorenzo, and L. Díaz-Vilariño. "DEFINING THE FUNCTIONAL SPACE OF BUS STOPS FROM MLS POINT CLOUDS." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences X-4/W2-2022 (October 14, 2022): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-x-4-w2-2022-77-2022.
Abstract:
Abstract. Urban transports are essential for the mobility of citizens, therefore, functional spaces allocated to them should be correctly defined. This research defines the functional spaces for bus stops based on Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) point clouds. Specifically, three functional spaces are defined; functional space allocated for the marquee (pedestrian space), functional space allocated for the road markings (bus space), and functional space allocated for the bus stop (pedestrians and bus). The method presented is divided into four stages; 1) Bus stop location in the point cloud from given geographical coordinates, 2) Selection of the region of interest (ROI), 3) Classification of the elements in the ROI, 4) Functional space definition. Several algorithms are used to reduce the computational time (point density reduction) and to classify the different elements contained in the bus stop (DBSCAN, height, width, and intensity filter). In addition, bounding boxes are defined to delimit the functional spaces, being compared with the ground truth box. Seven bus stops sited in Palencia (Spain) were analysed. Results show an F1-score value of 0.98 regarding the classification of the elements. Functional spaces allocated for marquees were perfectly defined. Although most of the estimated functional spaces allocated for the bus and the bus stop have high accuracy, in some cases this accuracy decreases due to the functional space allocated for the bus was overestimated.
42
Huo, Yueying, Wenquan Li, Jinhua Zhao, and Shoulin Zhu. "Modelling bus delay at bus stop." Transport 33, no. 1 (January 28, 2015): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.1003324.
Abstract:
A bus may be blocked from entering and exiting a stop by other buses and traffic lights. The objective of this paper is to model each type of delay under these phenomena and the overall delay a bus experiences at a stop. Occupy-based delay, transfer block-based delay and block-based delay are defined and modelled. Bus delay at stop is just the sum of these three types of delay. Bus arrival rate, bus service rate, berth number and traffic lights are taken into consideration when modelling delay. Occupy-based delay is modelled with mean waiting time in Queueing theory. Transfer block-based delay and block-based delay are modelled based on standard deviation of waiting time and the probabilities of their occurrences. Two stops in Vancouver, Canada are selected for parameter estimation and model validation. The unknown parameter is estimated as 0.4230 using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), which indicates that 42.3% of waiting time variation can be attributed to buses being blocked by the buses in front and red light for the selected stops. Model validation shows the average accuracy rate of the proposed model is 75.07% for the selected stops. Bus delay at stop evidently increases when arrival rate is more than 85 buses per hour for the given service time (50 s), ratio of red time to cycle length (0.65) and berth number (2). We also figure out that bus delay at stop evidently increases when service time is more than 60 s for the given arrival rate (54 buses per hour), ratio of red time to cycle length (0.65) and berth number (2). The proposed model can provide a tool for bus stop design and offer the foundation for service quality evaluation of transit.
43
Zhang, Yan-Pei, Hui Jin, Hai-Ming Hao, and Xiao-Guang Yang. "Optimal Route Assignment at the Bus Hub with Multiple Berths for Minimal Passenger Transfer Distance." Journal of Mathematics 2022 (October 20, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1590504.
Abstract:
Bus hub is characterized with multiple berths, each serving specific bus routes. When bus routes at different berths share the same stops en route, passengers to the shared stops may rush among these berths to catch the newly arriving bus, causing inconvenience and deteriorating bus service level. Thus, this research attempts to optimize bus route assignment to the berths at a bus hub to minimize passenger transfer distance among the optional berths. The problem is modeled with integer linear programming, with the constraints of bus service capacity. To enhance computation efficiency, exclusive and inclusive constraints based on the count of shared stops among the bus routes are additionally added to the original model, though they may bring gap from the optimal solution. Case study follows to apply the proposed set of models to a bus terminal, where a total of 26 routes are assigned to 11 berths. It is found that the models with additional constraints can greatly reduce calculation time at the cost of small or no gap from the optimal solution. Thus, the models with additional constraints are recommended to obtain ideal solution quickly. This research provides insights into bus route management at the bus terminal with multiple berths, contributing to enhanced passenger waiting experience.
44
Zhang, Yanan, Hongke Xu, Qing-Chang Lu, and Xiaohui Fan. "Travel Time Reliability Analysis Considering Bus Bunching: A Case Study in Xi’an, China." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (November 23, 2022): 15583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315583.
Abstract:
Bus bunching occurring at stops has an unstable impact on bus travel time. In order to evaluate urban bus travel time effectively, the travel time reliability (TTR) addressing bus bunching is analyzed. This paper focuses on the delayed time caused by bus bunching in the dwelling process at bus stops and uses the coefficient of variation of time headway to evaluate the degree of bus bunching. Moreover, the travel time deviation (TTD) indicator and travel time on-time accuracy (OTA) model are proposed to evaluate the bus TTR. The proposed model is used to analyze 113 runs of a bus route in Xi’an city, China. Real-time GPS data are used to analyze the operation of each run from the origin to the destination stops. The results show that 74.34% of the runs are delayed. When the value of TTD is higher than |0.1|, 64.2% of runs are delayed with bus bunching. Based on the measuring of OTA in two situations, the value of TTR considering bus bunching is reduced by 20%. In addition, the number of stopping routes at peak periods has a significant impact on the occurrence of bus bunching. The research results would have practical implications for the operation and management of buses.
45
Corazza, Maria, and Nicola Favaretto. "A Methodology to Evaluate Accessibility to Bus Stops as a Contribution to Improve Sustainability in Urban Mobility." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (February 3, 2019): 803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030803.
Abstract:
Walking and transit are the backbone of sustainable mobility. Bus stops not only represent the connection between the two, but are also central in dictating the attractiveness of the latter. Accessibility of bus stops becomes, then, pivotal in increasing both attractiveness and sustainability of public transport. The paper describes a multi-step methodology to evaluate bus stops’ accessibility starting from a cluster of seven indicators describing objective and subjective features influencing passengers’ choice toward a given bus stop. The indicators are weighed by a questionnaire submitted to experts. Finally, a multicriteria analysis is developed to obtain a final score describing univocally the accessibility of each stop. Outcomes are mapped and a case study in Rome is reported as an example, with 231 bus and tram stops assessed accordingly. Results shows the relevance of the urban network and environment in evaluating the accessibility and in promoting more sustainable mobility patterns. Research innovation relies on the possibility to merge data from different fields into a specific GIS map and easily highlight for each bus stop the relationships between built environment, passengers’ comfort, and accessibility, with the concluding goal to provide advanced knowledge for further applications.
46
Yan, Min, Binglei Xie, and Gangyan Xu. "Identifying Spatial–Temporal Characteristics and Significant Factors of Bus Bunching Based on an eGA and DT Model." Applied Sciences 12, no. 22 (November 19, 2022): 11778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122211778.
Abstract:
Bus bunching is a common phenomenon caused by irregular bus headway, which increases the passenger waiting time, makes the passenger capacity uneven, and severely reduces the reliability of bus service. This paper clarified the process of bus bunching formation, analyzed the variation characteristics of bus bunching in a single day, in different types of periods, and at different bus stops, then concluded twelve potential factors. A hybrid model integrating a genetic algorithm with elitist preservation strategy (eGA) and decision tree (DT) was proposed. The eGA part constructs the model framework and transforms the factor identification into a problem of selecting the fittest individual from the population, while the DT part evaluates the fitness. Model verification and comparison were conducted based on real automatic vehicle location (AVL) data in Shenzhen, China. The results showed that the proposed eGA–DT model outperformed other frequently used single DT and extra tree (ET) models with at least a 20% reduction in MAE under different bus routes, periods, and bus stops. Six factors, including the sequence of the bus stop, the headway and dwell time at the previous bus stop, the travel time between bus stops, etc., were identified to have a significant effect on bus bunching, which is of great value for feature selection to improve the accuracy and efficiency of bus bunching prediction and real-time bus dispatching.
47
Duan, Ganglong, Xin Ma, Jianren Wang, Zhishi Wang, and Yan Wang. "Optimization of Urban Bus Stops Setting Based on Data Mining." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 08 (March 22, 2021): 2159028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021800142159028x.
Abstract:
The unreasonable setting of urban bus stops is a common problem in real life, which seriously affects people’s happiness, sense of belonging and brand in the city. However, the existing related research on the above problems generally has the defects of high technical complexity and high cost. Therefore, we aim to propose a way to optimize the setting of urban public transportation stations and reduce the technical complexity and high cost of existing public transportation station optimization by using artificial intelligence algorithms. First, we extract and integrate bus GPS data and bus card swipe data in the business system and perform exploratory analysis on the pre-processed data. Second, the original k-NN algorithm is improved, and an ik-NN algorithm is proposed to determine the cardholder’s boarding point. Then, we divide the upstream and downstream lines to calculate the total number of upstream and downstream passengers. Third, we propose an algorithm for calculating the number of passengers getting off at bus stations and calculating the number of passengers getting on and off at each bus station. Finally, according to the number of passengers getting on and off at each bus station, the OD matrix is constructed, the residents’ travel rules are analyzed, and optimization suggestions for the setting of urban bus stations are proposed. This paper selects the public transit GPS data set and swipe card data set of Shenzhen, China for experiments. The experimental results show that: (1) Compared with K-means, the ik-NN algorithm we proposed can effectively determine the actual car station of each cardholder, and the algorithm is less sensitive to feature dimensions. At the same time, the ik-NN algorithm has a high operating efficiency and is less affected by the “[Formula: see text]” value. (2) The calculation algorithm for the number of passengers getting off at bus stations can effectively use the existing data of the business system to determine the number of passengers getting off at each bus station. Therefore, the calculation times of this algorithm are low, and the accuracy is high. (3) The optimization suggestions for bus stations based on the OD matrix analysis of residents’ travel rules meet the needs of urban development and have certain reference value.
48
Zhou, Guangwei, and Albert Gan. "Performance of Transit Signal Priority with Queue Jumper Lanes." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1925, no. 1 (January 2005): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192500127.
Abstract:
Queue jumper lanes are a special type of bus preferential treatment that allows buses to bypass a waiting queue through a right-turn bay and then cut out in front of the queue by getting an early green signal. The performance of queue jumper lanes is evaluated under different transit signal priority (TSP) strategies, traffic volumes, bus volumes, dwell times, and bus stop and detector locations. Four TSP strategies are considered: green extension, red truncation, phase skip, and phase insertion. It was found that queue jumper lanes without TSP were ineffective in reducing bus delay. Queue jumper lanes with TSP strategies that include a phase insertion were found to be more effective in reducing bus delay while also improving general vehicle operations than those strategies that do not include this treatment. Nearside bus stops upstream of check-in detectors were preferred for jumper TSP over farside bus stops and nearside bus stops downstream of check-in detectors. Through vehicles on the bus approach were found to have only a slight impact on bus delay when the volume-to-capacity (v/c) ratio was below 0.9. However, when v/c exceeded 0.9, bus delay increased quickly. Right-turn volumes were found to have an insignificant impact on average bus delay, and an optimal detector location that minimizes bus delay under local conditions was shown to exist.
49
Zhang, Zun-dong, Yan-fang Yang, Wenjiao Qi, Abderrahim Chariete, and Xing-xiang Lin. "A Cellular Automata Traffic Flow Model considering Bus Lane Changing Behavior with Scheduling Parameters." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/348582.
Abstract:
According to different driving behavioral characteristics of bus drivers, a cellular automata traffic model considering the bus lane changing behavior with scheduling parameters is proposed in this paper. Traffic bottleneck problems caused by bus stops are simulated in multiple lanes roads with no-bay bus stations. With the mixed traffic flow composed of different bus arrival rate, flow-density graph, density distribution graph, and temporal-spatial graph are presented. Furthermore, the mixed traffic flow characteristics are analyzed. Numerical experiment results show that the proposed model can generate a variety of complicated realistic phenomena in the traffic system with bus stops and provide theoretical basis for better using of traffic flow model.
50
Cheme, Viviana Mero, Martin Herrera Martinez, Rayner Durango, and V. Sanchez Padilla. "Occupancy Estimation at Bus Stops Through Wi-Fi Connectivity Assessment – A Study in Guayaquil City." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 23, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2022-0009.
Abstract:
Abstract Guayaquil is one of the most congested cities on the American continent. Several users cannot access on-time transport service according to the demand requested at bus stops. This work presents a simulation of the Wi-Fi technology to determine the number of users present at a bus stop. The objective is to know an estimation of them in different time intervals throughout the day, which could be useful for several actions, e.g., to set up a better distribution of transportation schedules or to place the bus stops in more demanding sites by users. The methodology included simulation scenarios for user counting at the bus stops. The results depicted that Wi-Fi technology performed suitable even in high-level attenuation scenarios.