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Academic literature on the topic 'Burkholderia pseudomallei – Laos'

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Published: 22 June 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Burkholderia pseudomallei – Laos"

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Rattanavong, Sayaphet, Vanaporn Wuthiekanun, Sayan Langla, Premjit Amornchai, Joy Sirisouk, Rattanaphone Phetsouvanh, Catrin E. Moore, Sharon J. Peacock, Yves Buisson, and Paul N. Newton. "Randomized Soil Survey of the Distribution ofBurkholderia pseudomalleiin Rice Fields in Laos." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, no. 2 (November 12, 2010): 532–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01822-10.

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ABSTRACTMelioidosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Southeast Asia, where the causative organism (Burkholderia pseudomallei) is present in the soil. In the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos),B. pseudomalleiis a significant cause of sepsis around the capital, Vientiane, and has been isolated in soil near the city, adjacent to the Mekong River. We explored whetherB. pseudomalleioccurs in Lao soil distant from the Mekong River, drawing three axes across northwest, northeast, and southern Laos to create nine sampling areas in six provinces. Within each sampling area, a random rice field site containing a grid of 100 sampling points each 5 m apart was selected. Soil was obtained from a depth of 30 cm and cultured forB. pseudomallei. Four of nine sites (44%) were positive forB. pseudomallei, including all three sites in Saravane Province, southern Laos. The highest isolation frequency was in east Saravane, where 94% of soil samples wereB. pseudomalleipositive with a geometric mean concentration of 464 CFU/g soil (95% confidence interval, 372 to 579 CFU/g soil; range, 25 to 10,850 CFU/g soil). At one site in northwest Laos (Luangnamtha), only one sample (1%) was positive forB. pseudomallei, at a concentration of 80 CFU/g soil. Therefore,B. pseudomalleioccurs in Lao soils beyond the immediate vicinity of the Mekong River, alerting physicians to the likelihood of melioidosis in these areas. Further studies are needed to investigate potential climatic, soil, and biological determinants of this heterogeneity.
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Dance, David A. B., Michael Knappik, Sabine Dittrich, Viengmon Davong, Joy Silisouk, Manivanh Vongsouvath, Sayaphet Rattanavong, et al. "Evaluation of consensus method for the culture of Burkholderia pseudomallei in soil samples from Laos." Wellcome Open Research 3 (October 15, 2018): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14851.1.

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Background: We have previously shown that PCR following enrichment culture is the most sensitive method to detect Burkholderia pseudomallei in environmental samples. Here we report an evaluation of the published consensus method for the culture of B. pseudomallei from Lao soil in comparison with our conventional culture method and with PCR with or without prior broth enrichment. Methods: One hundred soil samples were collected from a field known to contain B. pseudomallei and processed by: (i) the conventional method, (ii-iii) the consensus method using media prepared in either Laos or Thailand, and (iv) the consensus method performed in Thailand, as well as by (v) PCR following direct extraction of DNA from soil and (vi) PCR following broth pre-enrichment. Results: The numbers of samples in which B. pseudomallei was detected were 42, 10, 7, 6, 6 and 84, respectively. However, two samples were positive by the consensus method but negative by conventional culture, and one sample was negative by PCR following enrichment although B. pseudomallei was isolated by the conventional culture method. Conclusions/Discussion: The results show that no single method will detect all environmental samples that contain B. pseudomallei. People conducting environmental surveys for this organism should be aware of the possibility of false-negative results using the consensus culture method. An approach that entails screening using PCR after enrichment, followed by the evaluation of a range of different culture methods on PCR-positive samples to determine which works best in each setting, is recommended.
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Dance, David A. B., Michael Knappik, Sabine Dittrich, Viengmon Davong, Joy Silisouk, Manivanh Vongsouvath, Sayaphet Rattanavong, et al. "Evaluation of consensus method for the culture of Burkholderia pseudomallei in soil samples from Laos." Wellcome Open Research 3 (November 21, 2018): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14851.2.

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Background: We have previously shown that PCR following enrichment culture is the most sensitive method to detect Burkholderia pseudomallei in environmental samples. Here we report an evaluation of the published consensus method for the culture of B. pseudomallei from Lao soil in comparison with our conventional culture method and with PCR with or without prior broth enrichment. Methods: One hundred soil samples were collected from a field known to contain B. pseudomallei and processed by: (i) the conventional method, (ii-iii) the consensus method using media prepared in either Laos or Thailand, and (iv) the consensus method performed in Thailand, as well as by (v) PCR following direct extraction of DNA from soil and (vi) PCR following broth pre-enrichment. Results: The numbers of samples in which B. pseudomallei was detected were 42, 10, 7, 6, 6 and 84, respectively. However, two samples were positive by the consensus method but negative by conventional culture, and one sample was negative by PCR following enrichment although B. pseudomallei was isolated by the conventional culture method. Conclusions/Discussion: The results show that no single method will detect all environmental samples that contain B. pseudomallei. People conducting environmental surveys for this organism should be aware of the possibility of false-negative results using the consensus culture method. An approach that entails screening using PCR after enrichment, followed by the evaluation of a range of different culture methods on PCR-positive samples to determine which works best in each setting, is recommended.
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Vongphayloth, Khamsing, Amphonesavanh Sengdouangphachanh, Phonlavanh Phouminh, Yves Buisson, Catrin E. Moore, Vanaporn Wuthiekanun, Paul N. Newton, Rattanaphone Phetsouvanh, and Sayaphet Rattanavong. "Burkholderia pseudomallei Detection in Surface Water in Southern Laos Using Moore's Swabs." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 86, no. 5 (May 1, 2012): 872–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0739.

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5

Knappik, Michael, David A. B. Dance, Sayaphet Rattanavong, Alain Pierret, Olivier Ribolzi, Viengmon Davong, Joy Silisouk, Manivanh Vongsouvath, Paul N. Newton, and Sabine Dittrich. "Evaluation of Molecular Methods To Improve the Detection of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Soil and Water Samples from Laos." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 11 (March 27, 2015): 3722–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.04204-14.

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ABSTRACTBurkholderia pseudomalleiis the cause of melioidosis, a severe and potentially fatal disease of humans and animals. It is endemic in northern Australia and Southeast Asia and is found in soil and surface water. The environmental distribution ofB. pseudomalleiworldwide and within countries where it is endemic, such as the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos), remains unclear. However, this knowledge is important to our understanding of the ecology and epidemiology ofB. pseudomalleiand to facilitate public health interventions. Sensitive and specific methods to detectB. pseudomalleiin environmental samples are therefore needed. The aim of this study was to compare molecular and culture-based methods for the detection ofB. pseudomalleiin soil and surface water in order to identify the optimal approach for future environmental studies in Laos. Molecular detection by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was attempted after DNA extraction directly from soil or water samples or after an overnight enrichment step. The positivity rates obtained by qPCR were compared to those obtained by different culture techniques. The rate of detection from soil samples by qPCR following culture enrichment was significantly higher (84/100) than that by individual culture methods and all culture methods combined (44/100;P< 0.001). Similarly, qPCR following enrichment was the most sensitive method for filtered river water compared with the sensitivity of the individual methods and all individual methods combined. In conclusion, molecular detection following an enrichment step has proven to be a sensitive and reliable approach forB. pseudomalleidetection in Lao environmental samples and is recommended as the preferred method for future surveys.
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Rizzi, Maria Chiara, Sayaphet Rattanavong, Latsaniphone Bouthasavong, Amphayvanh Seubsanith, Manivanh Vongsouvath, Viengmon Davong, Annalisa De Silvestri, Tommaso Manciulli, Paul N. Newton, and David A. B. Dance. "Evaluation of the Active Melioidosis Detect™ test as a point-of-care tool for the early diagnosis of melioidosis: a comparison with culture in Laos." Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 113, no. 12 (October 22, 2019): 757–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trz092.

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Abstract Background Melioidosis is difficult to diagnose clinically and culture of Burkholderia pseudomallei is the current, imperfect gold standard. However, a reliable point-of-care test (POCT) could enable earlier treatment and improve outcomes. Methods We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of the Active Melioidosis Detect™ (AMD) rapid test as a POCT and determined how much it reduced the time to diagnosis compared with culture. Results We tested 106 whole blood, plasma and buffy coat samples, 96 urine, 28 sputum and 20 pus samples from 112 patients, of whom 26 (23.2%) were culture-positive for B. pseudomallei. AMD sensitivity and specificity were 65.4 and 87.2%, respectively, the latter related to 10 weak positive reactions on urine samples, considered likely false positives. The positive predictive value was 60.7%, negative predictive value was 89.3% and concordance rate between operators reading the test was 95.7%; time to diagnosis decreased by a median of 23 h. Conclusions Our findings confirm that a strongly positive AMD result can reduce the time to diagnosis of melioidosis. However, the AMD currently has a disappointing overall sensitivity, especially with blood fractions, and specificity problems when testing urine samples.
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Birnie, Emma, Ayorinde James, Folake Peters, Makinwa Olajumoke, Tieble Traore, Eric Bertherat, Trung T. Trinh, et al. "Melioidosis in Africa: Time to Raise Awareness and Build Capacity for Its Detection, Diagnosis, and Treatment." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 106, no. 2 (February 2, 2022): 394–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.21-0673.

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ABSTRACT. Melioidosis is a tropical infectious disease caused by the soil-dwelling bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei with a mortality of up to 50% in low resource settings. Only a few cases have been reported from African countries. However, studies on the global burden of melioidosis showed that Africa holds a significant unrecognized disease burden, with Nigeria being at the top of the list. The first World Health Organization African Melioidosis Workshop was organized in Lagos, Nigeria, with representatives of health authorities, microbiology laboratories, and clinical centers from across the continent. Dedicated hands-on training was given on laboratory diagnostics of B. pseudomallei. This report summarises the meeting objectives, including raising awareness of melioidosis and building capacity for the detection, diagnosis, biosafety, treatment, and prevention across Africa. Further, collaboration with regional and international experts provided a platform for sharing ideas on best practices.
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Liechti, Nicole, Rosalie E. Zimmermann, Jakob Zopfi, Matthew T. Robinson, Alain Pierret, Olivier Ribolzi, Sayaphet Rattanavong, et al. "Whole-Genome Assemblies of 16 Burkholderia pseudomallei Isolates from Rivers in Laos." Microbiology Resource Announcements 10, no. 4 (January 28, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mra.01226-20.

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We report 16 Burkholderia pseudomallei genomes, including 5 new multilocus sequence types, isolated from rivers in Laos. The environmental bacterium B. pseudomallei causes melioidosis, a serious infectious disease in tropical and subtropical regions. The isolates are geographically clustered in one clade from around Vientiane, Laos, and one clade from further south.
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Rachlin, Audrey, Manophab Luangraj, Mirjam Kaestli, Sayaphet Rattanavong, Phonelavanh Phoumin, Jessica R. Webb, Mark Mayo, Bart J. Currie, and David A. B. Dance. "Using Land Runoff to Survey the Distribution and Genetic Diversity of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Vientiane, Laos." Applied and Environmental Microbiology, November 30, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02112-20.

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Melioidosis is a disease of significant public health importance that is being increasingly recognized globally. The majority of cases arise through direct percutaneous exposure to its etiological agent, Burkholderia pseudomallei. In the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Laos), the presence and environmental distribution of B. pseudomallei are not well characterized, though recent epidemiological surveys of the bacterium have indicated that B. pseudomallei is widespread throughout the environment in the center and south of the country and that rivers can act as carriers and potential sentinels for the bacterium. The spatial and genetic distribution of B. pseudomallei within Vientiane Capital, from where the majority of cases diagnosed to date have originated, remains an important knowledge gap. We sampled surface runoff from drain catchment areas throughout urban Vientiane to determine the presence and local population structure of the bacterium. B. pseudomallei was detected in drainage areas throughout the capital, indicating it is widespread in the environment and that exposure rates in urban Vientiane are likely more frequent than previously thought. Whole-genome comparative analysis demonstrated that Lao B. pseudomallei isolates are highly genetically diverse, suggesting the bacterium is well-established and not a recent introduction. Despite the wide genome diversity, one environmental survey isolate was highly genetically related to a Lao melioidosis patient isolate collected 13 years prior to the study. Knowledge gained from this study will augment understanding of B. pseudomallei phylogeography in Asia and enhance public health awareness and future implementation of infection control measures within Laos. IMPORTANCE The environmental bacterium B. pseudomallei is the etiological agent of melioidosis, a tropical disease with one model estimating a global annual incidence of 165,000 cases and 89,000 deaths. In the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Laos), the environmental distribution and population structure of B. pseudomallei remain relatively undefined, particularly in Vientiane Capital from where most diagnosed cases have originated. We used surface runoff as a proxy for B. pseudomallei dispersal in the environment and performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to examine the local population structure. Our data confirmed that B. pseudomallei is widespread throughout Vientiane and that surface runoff might be useful for future environmental monitoring of the bacterium. B. pseudomallei isolates were also highly genetically diverse, suggesting the bacterium is well-established and endemic in Laos. These findings can be used to improve awareness of B. pseudomallei in the Lao environment and demonstrates the epidemiological and phylogeographical insights that can be gained from WGS.
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Zimmermann, Rosalie E., Olivier Ribolzi, Alain Pierret, Sayaphet Rattanavong, Matthew T. Robinson, Paul N. Newton, Viengmon Davong, Yves Auda, Jakob Zopfi, and David A. B. Dance. "Rivers as carriers and potential sentinels for Burkholderia pseudomallei in Laos." Scientific Reports 8, no. 1 (June 6, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-26684-y.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Burkholderia pseudomallei – Laos"

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Pongmala, Khemngeun. "Influence des propriétés physiques et chimiques du sol et de leur variation saisonnière sur l'occurrence et la distribution de Burkholderia pseudomallei dans une rizière au centre du Laos." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 3, 2022. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/5342/.

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Burkholderia pseudomallei (BP) bactérie commune des sols tropicaux, provoque une maladie grave, la mélioïdose. Cette thèse, basée sur un travail de terrain dans le centre de la RDP Lao où BP est endémique, vise à clarifier les déterminants de la distribution de BP dans le sol en fonction des conditions biogéochimiques du sol et climatiques, à des échelles emboîtées. PB a été identifiée dans le sol jusqu'à 300 cm de profondeur, à des concentrations variables (maximales en dessous de 100 cm), à la fois à l'échelle du millimètre, en lien avec l'état d'oxydation du fer, et à l'échelle du profil du sol. La variabilité saisonnière des concentrations de BP, plus marquée près de la surface qu'en profondeur, est cohérente avec sa persistance accrue dans les couches saturées d'eau tout au long de l'année. Cette thèse démontre l'importance de considérer la complexité du sol pour mieux comprendre l'écologie de BP
Burkholderia pseudomallei (BP) a pathogenic bacterium found in tropical soils, causes a severe disease, melioidosis. This thesis, based on field work in the main region of BP endemicity in Lao PDR, aims to clarify the determinants of BP distribution in soil. We applied a multi-scale approach to characterize the distribution of BP in relation with soil physico-chemical variability and highlight seasonal variations in BP distribution. BP occurred at all soil depths down to 300 cm but its concentrations varied drastically, both at the millimetre scale, concomitantly with the oxidation state of iron, and at the soil profile scale, unexpectedly reaching peak values below 100 cm. Seasonal variability of BP concentrations was higher in shallow than deep soil horizons, consistent with increased BP persistence in layers saturated with water year round. This thesis demonstrate the importance of considering the complexity of soil to better understand the ecology of BP
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