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Journal articles on the topic 'Burkholderia fungorum'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Zhang, Wei, and Morris Reichlin. "A Possible Link between Infection with Burkholderia Bacteria and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Based on Epitope Mimicry." Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2008 (2008): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/683489.

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We previously demonstrated that purified polyclonal and monoclonal anti-dsDNA antibodies bind a 15-mer peptide ASPVTARVLWKASHV in ELISA and Dot blot. This 15-mer peptide partial sequence ARVLWKASH shares similarity with burkholderia bacterial cytochrome B 561 partial sequence ARVLWRATH. In this study, we show that purified anti-dsDNA antibodies react with burkholderia fungorum bacterial cell lysates in Western blot. We used anti-dsDNA antibodies to make an anti-dsDNA antibodies affinity column and used this column to purify the burkholderia fungorum bacterial protein. Purified anti-dsDNA antibodies bind specifically to purified bacterial antigen and purified bacterial antigen blocked the anti-dsDNA antibodies binding to dsDNA antigen. Sera with anti-dsDNA antibodies bind specifically to purified bacterial antigen. We obtained protein partial sequence of RAGTDEGFG which is shared with burkholderia bacterial transcription regulator protein sequence. Sera with anti-dsDNA antibodies bind to RAGTDEGFG peptide better than control groups. These data support our hypothesis that the origin of anti-dsDNA antibodies in SLE may be associated with burkholderia bacterial infection.

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2

Marx, Christopher J., Jonathan A. Miller, Ludmila Chistoserdova, and Mary E. Lidstrom. "Multiple Formaldehyde Oxidation/Detoxification Pathways in Burkholderia fungorum LB400." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 7 (April 1, 2004): 2173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.7.2173-2178.2004.

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ABSTRACT Burkholderia species are free-living bacteria with a versatile metabolic lifestyle. The genome of B. fungorum LB400 is predicted to encode three different pathways for formaldehyde oxidation: an NAD-linked, glutathione (GSH)-independent formaldehyde dehydrogenase; an NAD-linked, GSH-dependent formaldehyde oxidation system; and a tetrahydromethanopterin-methanofuran-dependent formaldehyde oxidation system. The other Burkholderia species for which genome sequences are available, B. mallei, B. pseudomallei, and B. cepacia, are predicted to contain only the first two of these pathways. The roles of the three putative formaldehyde oxidation pathways in B. fungorum LB400 have been assessed via knockout mutations in each of these pathways, as well as in all combinations of knockouts. The resulting mutants have the expected loss of enzyme activities and exhibit defects of varying degrees of severity during growth on choline, a formaldehyde-producing substrate. Our data suggest that all three pathways are involved in formaldehyde detoxification and are functionally redundant under the tested conditions.

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3

de Oliveira-Longatti, Silvia Maria, Pedro Martins de Sousa, Leandro Marciano Marra, Paulo Ademar Avelar Ferreira, and Fatima Maria de Souza Moreira. "Burkholderia fungorum promotes common bean growth in a dystrophic oxisol." Annals of Microbiology 65, no. 4 (January 15, 2015): 1825–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13213-014-1020-y.

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4

Khoei, Nazanin Seyed, Marco Andreolli, Silvia Lampis, Giovanni Vallini, and Raymond J. Turner. "A comparison of the response of twoBurkholderia fungorumstrains grown as planktonic cells versus biofilm to dibenzothiophene and select polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 62, no. 10 (October 2016): 851–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2016-0160.

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In natural environments, bacteria often exist in close association with surfaces and interfaces by establishing biofilms. Here, we report on the ability of Burkholderia fungorum strains DBT1 and 95 to survive in high concentrations of hydrocarbons, and we compare their growth as a biofilm vs. planktonic cells. The 2 compounds tested were dibenzothiophene (DBT) and a mixture of naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene (5:2:1) as representative compounds of thiophenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), respectively. The results showed that both strains were able to degrade DBT and to survive in the presence of up to a 2000 mg·L−1concentration of this compound both as a biofilm and as free-living cells. Moreover, B. fungorum DBT1 showed reduced tolerance towards the mixed PAHs (2000 mg·L−1naphthalene, 800 mg·L−1phenanthrene, and 400 mg·L−1pyrene) both as a biofilm and as free-living cells. Conversely, biofilms of B. fungorum 95 enhanced resistance against these toxic compounds compared with planktonic cells (P < 0.05). Visual observation through confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that exposure of biofilms to DBT and PAHs altered their structure: high concentrations of DBT triggered an aggregation of biofilm cells. These findings provide new perspectives on the effectiveness of using DBT-degrading bacterial strains in bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated sites.

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5

Rusch, Antje, Shaer Islam, Pratixa Savalia, and Jan P. Amend. "Burkholderia insulsa sp. nov., a facultatively chemolithotrophic bacterium isolated from an arsenic-rich shallow marine hydrothermal system." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 65, Pt_1 (January 1, 2015): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.064477-0.

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Enrichment cultures inoculated with hydrothermally influenced nearshore sediment from Papua New Guinea led to the isolation of an arsenic-tolerant, acidophilic, facultatively aerobic bacterial strain designated PNG-AprilT. Cells of this strain were Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, motile and did not form spores. Strain PNG-AprilT grew at temperatures between 4 °C and 40 °C (optimum 30–37 °C), at pH 3.5 to 8.3 (optimum pH 5–6) and in the presence of up to 2.7 % NaCl (optimum 0–1.0 %). Both arsenate and arsenite were tolerated up to concentrations of at least 0.5 mM. Metabolism in strain PNG-AprilT was strictly respiratory. Heterotrophic growth occurred with O2 or nitrate as electron acceptors, and aerobic lithoautotrophic growth was observed with thiosulfate or nitrite as electron donors. The novel isolate was capable of N2-fixation. The respiratory quinones were Q-8 and Q-7. Phylogenetically, strain PNG-AprilT belongs to the genus Burkholderia and shares the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the type strains of Burkholderia fungorum (99.8 %), Burkholderia phytofirmans (98.8 %), Burkholderia caledonica (98.4 %) and Burkholderia sediminicola (98.4 %). Differences from these related species in several physiological characteristics (lipid composition, carbohydrate utilization, enzyme profiles) and DNA–DNA hybridization suggested the isolate represents a novel species of the genus Burkholderia , for which we propose the name Burkholderia insulsa sp. nov. The type strain is PNG-AprilT ( = DSM 28142T = LMG 28183T).

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6

Andreolli, Marco, Silvia Lampis, Marika Poli, Gabor Gullner, Borbala Biró, and Giovanni Vallini. "Endophytic Burkholderia fungorum DBT1 can improve phytoremediation efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons." Chemosphere 92, no. 6 (July 2013): 688–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.04.033.

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7

King, Gary M. "Molecular and Culture-Based Analyses of Aerobic Carbon Monoxide Oxidizer Diversity†." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 12 (December 2003): 7257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.12.7257-7265.2003.

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ABSTRACT Isolates belonging to six genera not previously known to oxidize CO were obtained from enrichments with aquatic and terrestrial plants. DNA from these and other isolates was used in PCR assays of the gene for the large subunit of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (coxL). CoxL and putative coxL fragments were amplified from known CO oxidizers (e.g., Oligotropha carboxidovorans and Bradyrhizobium japonicum), from novel CO-oxidizing isolates (e.g., Aminobacter sp. strain COX, Burkholderia sp. strain LUP, Mesorhizobium sp. strain NMB1, Stappia strains M4 and M8, Stenotrophomonas sp. strain LUP, and Xanthobacter sp. strain COX), and from several well-known isolates for which the capacity to oxidize CO is reported here for the first time (e.g., Burkholderia fungorum LB400, Mesorhizobium loti, Stappia stellulata, and Stappia aggregata). PCR products from several taxa, e.g., O. carboxidovorans, B. japonicum, and B. fungorum, yielded sequences with a high degree (>99.6%) of identity to those in GenBank or genome databases. Aligned sequences formed two phylogenetically distinct groups. Group OMP contained sequences from previously known CO oxidizers, including O. carboxidovorans and Pseudomonas thermocarboxydovorans, plus a number of closely related sequences. Group BMS was dominated by putative coxL sequences from genera in the Rhizobiaceae and otherα -Proteobacteria. PCR analyses revealed that many CO oxidizers contained two coxL sequences, one from each group. CO oxidation by M. loti, for which whole-genome sequencing has revealed a single BMS-group putative coxL gene, strongly supports the notion that BMS sequences represent functional CO dehydrogenase proteins that are related to but distinct from previously characterized aerobic CO dehydrogenases.

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8

Andreolli, Marco, Silvia Lampis, Elena Zenaro, Mirja Salkinoja-Salonen, and Giovanni Vallini. "Burkholderia fungorum DBT1: a promising bacterial strain for bioremediation of PAHs-contaminated soils." FEMS Microbiology Letters 319, no. 1 (March 31, 2011): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2011.02259.x.

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9

De Felice, Antonia, Flaviana Di Lorenzo, Kirstin Scherlach, Claudia Ross, Alba Silipo, Christian Hertweck, and Antonio Molinaro. "Structural investigation of the lipopolysaccharide O-chain isolated from Burkholderia fungorum strain DSM 17061." Carbohydrate Research 433 (October 2016): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carres.2016.07.008.

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10

Piccoli, Stefano, Marco Andreolli, Alejandro Giorgetti, Fabio Zordan, Silvia Lampis, and Giovanni Vallini. "Identification of aldolase and ferredoxin reductase within the dbt operon of Burkholderia fungorum DBT1." Journal of Basic Microbiology 54, no. 5 (May 17, 2013): 464–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jobm.201200408.

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11

Coenye, T., S. Laevens, A. Willems, M. Ohlén, W. Hannant, J. R. Govan, M. Gillis, E. Falsen, and P. Vandamme. "Burkholderia fungorum sp. nov. and Burkholderia caledonica sp. nov., two new species isolated from the environment, animals and human clinical samples." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 51, no. 3 (May 1, 2001): 1099–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00207713-51-3-1099.

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12

Priha, Outi K., Tuija H. Sarlin, Mona E. Arnold, and Päivi Kinnunen. "Enrichment and Isolation of Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria." Advanced Materials Research 825 (October 2013): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.825.62.

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The aim of this study was to enrich phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms from high-phosphorus iron ores, apatite ores and phosphogypsum waste. Phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms can be utilized in dephosphorization of high-phosphorus iron ores and in phosphorus leaching from fluorapatite ores. Low grade fluorapatite ore (3.6% P, pH 6.8), fluorapatite concentrate (13% P, pH 8.3), phosphogypsum waste (0.7% P, pH 2.3), iron ore 1 (0.19% P, pH 7.6) and iron ore 2 (0.18% P, pH 7.6) were used as potential sources of phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms. The samples were cultured in NBRIP media at pH 5 and 8 with either glucose or sucrose as a carbon source, and in modified 9K media at pH 1.5 and 2.5 for 3 weeks. Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria were enriched only from the fluorapatite concentrate at the pH of 8. The four obtained heterotrophic isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and were shown to be closest related to Burkholderia fungorum. These results indicate that the diversity of culturable phosphorus solubilizing bacteria present in apatite and iron ores is relatively low. The isolated Burkholderia strain showed phosphorus solubilizing potential.

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13

Sessitsch, A., T. Coenye, A. V. Sturz, P. Vandamme, E. Ait Barka, J. F. Salles, J. D. Van Elsas, et al. "Burkholderia phytofirmans sp. nov., a novel plant-associated bacterium with plant-beneficial properties." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 55, no. 3 (May 1, 2005): 1187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63149-0.

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A Gram-negative, non-sporulating, rod-shaped, motile bacterium, with a single polar flagellum, designated strain PsJNT, was isolated from surface-sterilized onion roots. This isolate proved to be a highly effective plant-beneficial bacterium, and was able to establish rhizosphere and endophytic populations associated with various plants. Seven related strains were recovered from Dutch soils. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data, strain PsJNT and the Dutch strains were identified as representing a member of the genus Burkholderia, as they were closely related to Burkholderia fungorum (98·7 %) and Burkholderia phenazinium (98·5 %). Analysis of whole-cell protein profiles and DNA–DNA hybridization experiments confirmed that all eight strains belonged to a single species. Strain PsJNT had a DNA G+C content of 61·0 mol%. Only low levels of DNA–DNA hybridization to closely related species were found. Qualitative and quantitative differences in fatty acid composition between strain PsJNT and closely related species were identified. The predominant fatty acids in strain PsJNT were 16 : 0, 18 : 1ω7c and summed feature 3 (comprising 16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-15 : 0 2-OH). Isolate PsJNT showed high 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity and is therefore able to lower the ethylene level in a developing or stressed plant. Production of the quorum-sensing signal compound 3-hydroxy-C8-homoserine lactone was detected. Based on the results of this polyphasic taxonomic study, strain PsJNT and the seven Dutch isolates are considered to represent a single, novel species, for which the name Burkholderia phytofirmans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain PsJNT (=LMG 22146T=CCUG 49060T).

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14

Strunk, Niko, and Karl-Heinrich Engesser. "Degradation of fluorobenzene and its central metabolites 3-fluorocatechol and 2-fluoromuconate by Burkholderia fungorum FLU100." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 97, no. 12 (September 15, 2012): 5605–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-012-4388-2.

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15

RUFF, Jürgen, Karin DENGER, and Alasdair M. COOK. "Sulphoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase yields acetyl phosphate: purification from Alcaligenes defragrans and gene clusters in taurine degradation." Biochemical Journal 369, no. 2 (January 15, 2003): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20021455.

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The facultatively anaerobic bacterium Alcaligenes defragrans NKNTAU was found to oxidize taurine (2-aminoethanesulphonate) with nitrate as the terminal electron acceptor. Taurine was transaminated to 2-sulphoacetaldehyde. This was not converted into sulphite and acetate by a ‘sulphoacetaldehyde sulpho-lyase’ (EC 4.4.1.12), but into sulphite and acetyl phosphate, which was identified by three methods. The enzyme, which required the addition of phosphate, thiamin diphosphate and Mg2+ ions for activity, was renamed sulphoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase (Xsc; EC 2.3.1.-). Inducible Xsc was expressed at high levels, and a three-step 11-fold purification yielded an essentially homogeneous soluble protein, which was a homotetramer in its native form; the molecular mass of the subunit was found to be between about 63kDa (SDS/PAGE) and 65.3kDa (matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization—time-of-flight MS). The N-terminal and two internal amino acid sequences were determined, and PCR primers were generated. The xsc gene was amplified and sequenced; the derived molecular mass of the processed protein was 65.0kDa. The downstream gene presumably encoded the inducible phosphate acetyltransferase (Pta) found in crude extracts. The desulphonative enzymes ('EC 4.4.1.12') from Achromobacter xylosoxidans NCIMB 10751 and Desulfonispora thiosulfatigenes GKNTAU were shown to be Xscs. We detected at least three subclasses of xsc in Proteobacteria and in Gram-positive bacteria, and they comprised a distinct group within the acetohydroxyacid synthase supergene family. Genome sequencing data revealed xsc genes in Burkholderia fungorum (80% sequence identity) and Sinorhizobium meliloti (61%) with closely linked pta genes. Different patterns of regulation for the transport and dissimilation of taurine were hypothesized for S. meliloti and B. fungorum.

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16

Khoei, Nazanin Seyed, Silvia Lampis, Emanuele Zonaro, Kim Yrjälä, Paolo Bernardi, and Giovanni Vallini. "Insights into selenite reduction and biogenesis of elemental selenium nanoparticles by two environmental isolates of Burkholderia fungorum." New Biotechnology 34 (January 2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2016.10.002.

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17

Mailloux, Brian J., Ekaterina Alexandrova, Alison R. Keimowitz, Karen Wovkulich, Greg A. Freyer, Michael Herron, John F. Stolz, et al. "Microbial Mineral Weathering for Nutrient Acquisition Releases Arsenic." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 8 (February 27, 2009): 2558–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02440-07.

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ABSTRACT Tens of millions of people in Southeast Asia drink groundwater contaminated with naturally occurring arsenic. How arsenic is released from the sediment into the water remains poorly understood. Here, we show in laboratory experiments that phosphate-limited cells of Burkholderia fungorum mobilize ancillary arsenic from apatite. We hypothesize that arsenic mobilization is a by-product of mineral weathering for nutrient acquisition. The released arsenic does not undergo a redox transformation but appears to be solubilized from the apatite mineral lattice during weathering. Analysis of apatite from the source area in the Himalayan basin indicates the presence of elevated levels of arsenic, with an average concentration of 210 mg/kg. The rate of arsenic release is independent of the initial dissolved arsenic concentration and occurs at phosphate levels observed in Bangladesh aquifers. We also demonstrate the presence of the microbial phenotype that releases arsenic from apatite in Bangladesh aquifer sediments and groundwater. These results suggest that microbial mineral weathering for nutrient acquisition could be an important mechanism for arsenic mobilization.

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18

Ibáñez, Ana, Alba Diez-Galán, Rebeca Cobos, Carla Calvo-Peña, Carlos Barreiro, Jesús Medina-Turienzo, Mario Sánchez-García, and Juan José R. Coque. "Using Rhizosphere Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria to Improve Barley (Hordeum vulgare) Plant Productivity." Microorganisms 9, no. 8 (July 29, 2021): 1619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081619.

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On average less than 1% of the total phosphorous present in soils is available to plants, making phosphorous one of the most limiting macronutrients for crop productivity worldwide. The aim of this work was to isolate and select phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) from the barley rhizosphere, which has other growth promoting traits and can increase crop productivity. A total of 104 different bacterial isolates were extracted from the barley plant rhizosphere. In this case, 64 strains were able to solubilize phosphate in agar plates. The 24 strains exhibiting the highest solubilizing index belonged to 16 different species, of which 7 isolates were discarded since they were identified as putative phytopathogens. The remaining nine strains were tested for their ability to solubilize phosphate in liquid medium and in pot trials performed in a greenhouse. Several of the isolated strains (Advenella mimigardefordensis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium and Burkholderia fungorum) were able to significantly improve levels of assimilated phosphate, dry weight of ears and total starch accumulated on ears compared to non-inoculated plants. Since these strains were able to increase the growth and productivity of barley crops, they could be potentially used as microbial inoculants (biofertilizers).

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19

Zhang, Jun-hui, and Hang Min. "Characterization of a multimetal resistant Burkholderia fungorum isolated from an e-waste recycling area for its potential in Cd sequestration." World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 26, no. 2 (September 18, 2009): 371–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11274-009-0163-7.

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20

Artigas Ramírez, María D., Jéssica D. Silva, Naoko Ohkama-Ohtsu, and Tadashi Yokoyama. "In vitro rhizobia response and symbiosis process under aluminum stress." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 64, no. 8 (August 2018): 511–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2018-0019.

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Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major problem affecting soil fertility, microbial diversity, and nutrient uptake of plants. Rhizobia response and legume interaction under Al conditions are still unknown; it is important to understand how to develop and improve legume cultivation under Al stress. In this study, rhizobia response was recorded under different Al concentrations. Al effect on rhizobial cells was characterized by combination with different two pH conditions. Symbiosis process was compared between α- and β-rhizobia inoculated onto soybean varieties. Rhizobial cell numbers was decreased as Al concentration increased. However, induced Al tolerance considerably depended on rhizobia types and their origins. Accordingly, organic acid results were in correlation with growth rate and cell density which suggested that citric acid might be a positive selective force for Al tolerance and plant interaction on rhizobia. Al toxicity delayed and interrupted the plant–rhizobia interaction and the effect was more pronounced under acidic conditions. Burkholderia fungorum VTr35 significantly improved plant growth under acid–Al stress in combination with all soybean varieties. Moreover, plant genotype was an important factor to establish an effective nodulation and nitrogen fixation under Al stress. Additionally, tolerant rhizobia could be applied as an inoculant on stressful agroecosystems. Furthermore, metabolic pathways have still been unknown under Al stress.

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21

Al-Thukair, Assad Ahmed, and Karim Malik. "Pyrene metabolism by the novel bacterial strains Burkholderia fungorum (T3A13001) and Caulobacter sp (T2A12002) isolated from an oil-polluted site in the Arabian Gulf." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 110 (May 2016): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.02.005.

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22

Pötter, Markus, Helena Müller, Frank Reinecke, Roman Wieczorek, Florian Fricke, Botho Bowien, Bärbel Friedrich, and Alexander Steinbüchel. "The complex structure of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) granules: four orthologous and paralogous phasins occur in Ralstonia eutropha." Microbiology 150, no. 7 (July 1, 2004): 2301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26970-0.

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Analysis of the genome sequence of the polyhydroxyalkanoate- (PHA) accumulating bacterium Ralstonia eutropha strain H16 revealed three homologues (PhaP2, PhaP3 and PhaP4) of the phasin protein PhaP1. PhaP1 is known to constitute the major component of the layer at the surface of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), poly(3HB), granules. PhaP2, PhaP3 and PhaP4 exhibited 42, 49 and 45 % identity or 61, 62 and 63 % similarity to PhaP1, respectively. The calculated molecular masses of PhaP1, PhaP2, PhaP3 and PhaP4 were 20·0, 20·2, 19·6 and 20·2 kDa, respectively. RT-PCR analysis showed that phaP2, phaP3 and phaP4 were transcribed under conditions permissive for accumulation of poly(3HB). 2D PAGE of the poly(3HB) granule proteome and analysis of the detected proteins by MALDI-TOF clearly demonstrated that PhaP1, PhaP3 and PhaP4 are bound to the poly(3HB) granules in the cells. PhaP3 was expressed at a significantly higher level in PhaP1-negative mutants. Occurrence of an unknown protein with an N-terminal amino-acid sequence identical to that of PhaP2 in crude cellular extracts of R. eutropha had previously been shown by others. Although PhaP2 could not be localized in vivo on poly(3HB) granules, in vitro experiments clearly demonstrated binding of PhaP2 to these granules. Further analysis of complete or partial genomes of other poly(3HB)-accumulating bacteria revealed the existence of multiple phasin homologues in Ralstonia solanacearum, Burkholderia fungorum and Azotobacter vinelandii. These new and unexpected findings should affect our current models of PHA-granule structure and may also have a considerable impact on the establishment of heterologous production systems for PHAs.

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Andújar, Eloísa, and Eduardo Santero. "Site-directed mutagenesis of an extradiol dioxygenase involved in tetralin biodegradation identifies residues important for activity or substrate specificity." Microbiology 149, no. 6 (June 1, 2003): 1559–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26034-0.

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The sequence of the extradiol dioxygenase ThnC, involved in tetralin biodegradation, was aligned with other extradiol dioxygenases involved in biodegradation of polycyclic compounds, and a three-dimensional model of ThnC, based on the structure of the previously crystallized 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase from Burkholderia fungorum LB400, was built. In order to assess the functional importance of some non-active-site residues whose relevance could not be established by structural information, a number of positions surrounding the substrate-binding site were mutated in ThnC. Ten mutant proteins were purified and their activity towards 1,2-dihydroxytetralin, 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene and 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl was characterized. N213H, Q198H, G206M, A282R and A282G mutants increased k cat/K m at least twofold using 1,2-dihydroxytetralin as the substrate, thus showing that activity of ThnC is not maximized for this substrate. N213H and Q198H mutants increased k cat/K m using any of the substrates tested, thus showing the relevance for activity of these two histidines, which are highly conserved in dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenases, but not present in dihydroxynaphthalene dioxygenases. Different substitutions in position 282 had different effects on general activity or substrate specificity, thus showing the functional importance of the most C-terminal β-sheet of the protein. A251M and G206M mutants showed increased activity specifically for a particular substrate. N213H, G206M, A282R, A282G and Y177I substitutions resulted in enzymes more tolerant to acidic pH, the most striking effect being observed in mutant Y177I, which showed maximal activity at pH 5·5. In addition, Q198D and V175D mutants, which had altered K m, also showed altered sensitivity to substrate inhibition, thus indicating that inhibition is exerted through the same binding site. This mutational analysis, therefore, identified conserved residues important for activity or substrate specificity, and also shed some light on the mechanism of substrate inhibition exhibited by extradiol dioxygenases.

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24

SEN, MEDHATITHI, and SIKHA DUTTA. "Synergistic effect of Glomus mosseae and Burkholderia Fungorum on growth and productivity of sorghumbicolor." International Journal of pharma and Bio Sciences 9, no. 3 (August 16, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.22376/ijpbs.2018.9.3.b323-331.

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25

Liu, Xin-xin, Xin Hu, Yue Cao, Wen-jing Pang, Jin-yu Huang, Peng Guo, and Lei Huang. "Biodegradation of Phenanthrene and Heavy Metal Removal by Acid-Tolerant Burkholderia fungorum FM-2." Frontiers in Microbiology 10 (March 14, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00408.

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26

Nally, Emma, Suzanne L. Groah, Marcos Pérez-Losada, Ljubica Caldovic, Inger Ljungberg, Neel J. Chandel, Bruce Sprague, Michael H. Hsieh, and Hans G. Pohl. "Identification of Burkholderia fungorum in the urine of an individual with spinal cord injury and augmentation cystoplasty using 16S sequencing: copathogen or innocent bystander?" Spinal Cord Series and Cases 4, no. 1 (September 21, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41394-018-0115-2.

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27

Feng, Ai-Juan, Xi Xiao, Cong-Cong Ye, Xiao-Ming Xu, Qing Zhu, Jian-Ping Yuan, Yue-Hui Hong, and Jiang-Hai Wang. "Isolation and characterization of Burkholderia fungorum Gan-35 with the outstanding ammonia nitrogen-degrading ability from the tailings of rare-earth-element mines in southern Jiangxi, China." AMB Express 7, no. 1 (June 26, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13568-017-0434-x.

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