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Shilbury, David. "Determining the Problem of Order in the Australian Football League." Journal of Sport Management 7, no. 2 (May 1993): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.7.2.122.
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This paper examines the means available to management to establish order within organizations. Three variables, bureaucracy, industrial democracy, and corporate culture, are examined in relation to Australia's largest professional sporting organization, the Australian Football League. The paper traces how the organization of sport in Australia emanated from a pure form of democracy that in the early 1980s impeded the Australian Football League's progress toward a professional competition. Establishing order within the league is complicated by the trichotomy formed between the league, the clubs, and the players.
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Michaelis, Anthony R. "Information bureaucracy Australia and Singapore compared." Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 20, no. 4 (November 1995): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/isr.1995.20.4.89.
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Michaelis, Anthony R. "Information bureaucracy: Australia and Singapore compared." Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 21, no. 2 (June 1996): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/isr.1996.21.2.89.
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Hood, Christopher, Paul Roberts, and Marilyn Chilvers. "Cutbacks and Public Bureaucracy: Consequences in Australia." Journal of Public Policy 10, no. 2 (April 1990): 133–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00004797.
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ABSTRACTDrawing on data for 60 Australian Commonwealth government bureaucracies 1976–86, this paper explores what measurable consequences for bureaucratic structure can be associated with staffing and spending cutbacks. It looks at cutbacks both at government-wide and at individual-bureaucracylevel, on the basis of a casualty list intended to portray the different dimensions of relative bureaucratic ‘suffering’ more systematically than has hitherto been done in the cutback management literature. It then explores associations between measures of cutbacks and indicators of structural consequences, both at government-wide and departmental level, relating that to the debate as to whether ‘leaner means weaker’ in government cutbacks. The ‘leaner means weaker’ view of bureaucratic cutbacks is hard to sustain from these data.
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Matheson, Craig. "In Praise of Bureaucracy? A Dissent From Australia." Administration & Society 39, no. 2 (April 2007): 233–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399706298054.
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DeSisto, Marco, Jillian Cavanagh, and Timothy Bartram. "Bushfire investigations in Australia." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 41, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-07-2018-0270.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the process of collective leadership in emergency management organisations. More specifically, the authors investigate the conditions that enable or prevent collective leadership amongst key actors in the emergency management network in bushfire investigations. We also examine how chief investigators facilitate the conditions to effectively distribute leadership and the role of social networks within this process. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative case study approach was undertaken, and 18 semi-structured interviews were carried out with chief investigators, 6 at each of three agencies in Australia. A framework for understanding collective leadership (Friedrich et al., 2016) was used to examine key leadership constructs, baseline leadership and outcomes relative to bushfire investigations. Findings Findings demonstrate that there is no evidence of collective leadership at the network level of bushfire investigations. There is mixed evidence of collective leadership within bushfire investigation departments, with the Arson Squad being the only government agency to engage in collective leadership. The authors found evidence that government bureaucracy and mandated protocols inhibited the ability of formal leaders to distribute leadership, gauge a clear understanding of the level of skill and expertise amongst chief investigators and poor communication that inhibited knowledge of investigations. Research limitations/implications The study was limited to three bushfire investigative agencies. A future study will be carried out with other stakeholders, such as fire investigators and firefighters in the field. Practical implications For the government, emergency management agencies and other stakeholders, a key enabler of collective leadership within the emergency management network is the presence of a formal leader within a network. That leader has the authority and political ability to distribute leadership to other experts. Social implications The paper contributes to developing a better understanding of the efficacy and challenges associated with the application of collective leadership theory in a complex government bureaucracy. There are positive implications for the safety of firefighters, the protection of the broader community, their properties and livestock. Originality/value The authors address the lack of literature on effective leadership processes amongst emergency management agencies. The paper contributes to extending collective leadership theory by unpacking the processes through which leadership is distributed to team members and the role of institutions (i.e. fire investigation bureaucracy) on social networks within this integrative process. The authors provide new insights into the practice of collective leadership in complex bureaucratic organisations.
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Novosivschei, Claudia. "America Is a Democracy, whereas Australia Stayed a Bureaucracy." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 62, no. 1 (March 24, 2017): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2017.1.07.
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Misztal, Barbara A. "HIV/AIDS POLICIES IN AUSTRALIA: BUREAUCRACY AND COLLECTIVE ACTION." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 11, no. 4 (April 1991): 62–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb013137.
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Bhinekawati, Risa. "Government Initiatives to Empower Small and Medium Enterprise: Comparing One Stop Shop for Licensing in Indonesia and Australia." JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies) 4, no. 1 (August 9, 2016): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/jas.v4i1.964.
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This article analyzes the initiatives taken by both Indonesian and Australian governments in undertaking bureaucratic reform to support small and medium enterprises. The focus is on how government harmonizes bureaucracy and regulations to empower small medium enterprise in starting, operating, and growing their business. One of the key initiatives in the two countries is to streamline business regulations and licensing through a single portal so called “one stop shop for licensing”. Both Indonesia and Australia have started such initiatives almost at the same time, in 2006 and 2008 respectively. Until recently, the two countries have made important progresses but with different approaches. In Indonesia, the objective of the one stop shop is to provide easiness for companies to start the business; while in Australia, the purpose is broader and more comprehensive, which is to achieve “seamless Australian economy”. This study was conducted in Canberra and Queanbeyan, Australia. The research has found important key lessons from Australia that may be applicable to Indonesia in establishing mechanisms for government initiatives to better support small and medium enterprise through a single portal or one stop shop for licensing.
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Prakash, Teesta. "Strategic Reassessments: Aid and Bureaucracy in Australia‐India Relations 1951–1970 *." Australian Journal of Politics & History 67, no. 1 (March 2021): 2–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajph.12761.
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Peiris, G. L. "The Administrative Appeals Tribunal of Australia: the first decade." Legal Studies 6, no. 3 (November 1986): 303–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.1986.tb00346.x.
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A legislative package which transformed the landscape of Australian administrative law during the last decade by invigorating prosaic models of judicial review, has attracted attention throughout the Commonwealth as ‘an awesome leap’. A burgeoning bureaucracy, whose commitment to legal norms is all too often diluted by excessive zeal in the pursuit of administrative goals, and the perceived inadequacy of conventional restraints including legislative scrutiny, the supervisory jurisdiction of regular courts and internal checks operating at different levels of the executive hierarchy, have heralded bold, innovative approaches.
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Costa, Valton da Silva. "Prescription medication by physiotherapists: a Brazilian view of the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 22, no. 7 (July 2017): 2321–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232017227.24892015.
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Abstract Many health systems (HS) have adopted novel models of care which have included non-medical prescription (NMP) by physiotherapists. The aim of this study was to verify in the literature the existence of this practice and its possible benefits. A literature review was carried out through search on Science Direct, PubMed, SciELO, Lilacs and Google Scholar, and in the World Confederation for Physical Therapy and Chartered Society of Physiotherapy websites. In recent decades the United Kingdom adopted the NMP for health professionals, followed by Canada. In Australia and New Zealand physiotherapists have acted in the prescription and administration of medications under medical orders, which is the first step into independent prescription. Brazilian physiotherapists cannot prescribe any medication, despite of high demands from patients in the Brazilian HS, shortage of physicians in many regions and bureaucracy in accessing health services. The adoption of NMP by physiotherapists may play an important role in the HS, and it seems to be an inevitable achievement in the next years in Australia and New Zealand. The main benefits include decreasing bureaucracy for assistance, population demands for medication as well as major professional refinement.
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Colebatch, Hal. "A 'Talent for Bureaucracy': A.F. Davies and the Analysis of Government in Australia*." Australian Journal of Public Administration 64, no. 4 (December 2005): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8500.2005.00462a.x.
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Beggs, Lachlan, and Cameo Dalley. "Wildfire bureaucracy: The affective dimensions of state engagement with Indigenous peoples in southeast Australia." Geoforum 138 (January 2023): 103675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103675.
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Whelan, Andrew. "“Ask for More Time”: Big Data Chronopolitics in the Australian Welfare Bureaucracy." Critical Sociology 46, no. 6 (September 11, 2019): 867–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920519866004.
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Since 2016, welfare recipients in Australia have been subject to the Online Compliance Intervention (OCI), implemented through the national income support agency, Centrelink. This is a big data initiative, matching reported income to tax records to recoup welfare overpayments. The OCI proved controversial, notably for a “reverse onus,” requiring that claimants disprove debts, and for data-matching design leading frequently to incorrect debts. As algorithmic governance, the OCI directs attention to the chronopolitics of contemporary welfare bureaucracies. It outsources labor previously conducted by Centrelink to clients, compelling them to submit documentation lest debts be raised against them. It imposes an active wait against a deadline on those issued debt notifications. Belying government rhetoric about the accessibility of the digital state, the OCI demonstrates how automation exacerbates punitive welfare agendas, through transfers of time, money, and labor whose combined effects are such as to occupy the time of people experiencing poverty.
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de Jong, Gideon. "Activity-based funding in mental health: a disastrous path." Australasian Psychiatry 26, no. 1 (July 13, 2017): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856217716293.
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Objectives: On the basis of the experience of the Netherlands, this critical commentary will argue why activity-based funding (ABF) in mental health care is a disastrous path that Australia should not take. Conclusions: ABF leads to an exponential growth in health care spending as it encourages diagnostic inflation and overproductivity. It also leads to fraud and an increased bureaucracy that goes hand in hand with demoralisation among health workers. And finally, the increasing treatment claims leads to the reintroduction of productivity limitations, waiting lists and ultimately austerity measures in order to halt the untamed growth of spending.
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Considine, Mark, and Jenny M. Lewis. "Bureaucracy, Network, or Enterprise? Comparing Models of Governance in Australia, Britain, the Netherlands, and New Zealand." Public Administration Review 63, no. 2 (March 2003): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6210.00274.
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Paterson, Roger. "ADHD in Western Australia: An iatrogenic ‘epidemic’ cured by bureaucracy? Time to focus on the facts." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 47, no. 1 (January 2013): 88–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867412459894.
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Roberts, Priscilla. "British Commonwealth Archives from Far North to Distant South: Neglected Resources for Cold War International History." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 29, no. 2 (June 29, 2022): 133–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765610-29020003.
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Abstract British Commonwealth archives constitite a rich and often under-utilized source of material for understanding the international history of the 20th and 21st centuries. From the late 19th Century onward, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand each enjoyed close and confidential relations with not just Britain, but with each other and increasingly, too, with the United States. They also participated in major international organizations at both an official and non-governmental level. Although or perhaps because each was a “middle” rather than “great” power, as each country developed its own diplomatic bureaucracy, their representatives often had informal and even intimate insights into the policies of a wide range of countries. This article introduces the highlights of each nation’s major archival repositories for materials relating to international affairs. While the holdings of the Library and Archives of Canada in Ottawa, the National Archives of Australia and the National Library of Australia in Canberra, and the National Archives of New Zealand in Wellington all feature prominently, the author casts a wider net and draw researchers’ attention to additional important and often under-utilized collections scattered across the different countries.
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Sims, Margaret, Trudi Cooper, Elaine Barclay, and John Scott. "Making Sense of Indigenous Youth Night Patrols." Administration & Society 51, no. 4 (March 21, 2017): 664–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399717700225.
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We use Weick’s sense-making and Lipsky’s street-level bureaucracy to tease out understandings and perspectives about youth night patrol services in New South Wales, Australia. We examine synergies, tensions, and contradictions in the different ways participants make sense of the purpose of youth night patrols and their role in service delivery. Although all the service were based on the same model, used the same program logic, and reported against the same measureable outcomes, they all looked different on the ground. We explore these differences in the light of participants’ sense-making efforts, demonstrating that a unitary policy does not necessarily result in similarity of program delivery.
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Rood, Sarah, and Katherine Sheedy. "Preface and Acknowledgements." Microbiology Australia 30, no. 3 (2009): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma09s06.
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The history of the ASM is rich and dynamic. It is the story of an active organisation that has adapted to suit the changing needs of its members while continuing to provide a voice for the discipline of microbiology in Australia. Far from an administrative body weighed down by bureaucracy or formality, our research revealed a history of camaraderie, support, activities and events that reflect a healthy and strong organisation supported by a robust membership. In telling the story of the first 50 years of the Society, our hope is to reflect all of these elements as well as the breadth, dynamism, strength, reputation and continuing relevance of the ASM.
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Kisely, Steve, and Jeffrey CL Looi. "The Productivity Commission’s Draft Report illustrates the benefits and risks of economic perspectives on mental healthcare." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 54, no. 11 (August 27, 2020): 1072–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867420951255.
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In 2018, the Australian Government instructed the Productivity Commission to examine the social and economic effects of poor mental health, as well as make recommendations on how they might be addressed. The resulting Draft Report demonstrates both the benefits and risks of an economic approach to these issues. Some of the broader systemic recommendations have merit such as the need for stepped care, coordinated crisis management and the important role of welfare, housing and the workplace in improving mental health. However, there are areas of concern, particularly for mental health services in the public sector. One is a disproportionate emphasis on prevention and intervention in the early years of life for strategies where evidence for effectiveness is limited. Another is the introduction of market-based approaches such as shadow billing or a commissioner/provider split to the funding of mental health services across Australia. Among the numerous problems of such market-driven approaches are the increased costs of additional bureaucracy and the lack of commissioner expertise in planning services or evidence-based practice. As a result, similar arrangements have been abandoned in other jurisdictions. The Commission’s final recommendations and the Australian Government’s response are awaited and the resulting changes to the mental health system, and beyond, may well be influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, reform should be based on evidence and achieved without increasing administrative complexity.
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CONSIDINE, MARK. "Markets, Networks and the New Welfare State: Employment Assistance Reforms in Australia." Journal of Social Policy 28, no. 2 (April 1999): 183–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279499005607.
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Contemporary theoretical debates point to a transformation of societies and social organisations away from universal forms of mass production and consumption, organised through mass institutions, towards smaller, diversified, entrepreneurial units linked together by new forms of market and network co-ordination. This greater diversity is also held to be a feature of service users who require individually fashioned solutions to non-standard problems and tailored products for their different tastes.Applications of these accounts of social and economic transformation to the public sector propose similar patterns to those evident in private industry and in regional communities. The large, standardised bureaucracy is seen to give way to de-coupled, multiple agency models of service delivery within a new type of welfare state.The study uses interviews and surveys (n = 365) with service delivery staff in the Australian employment assistance sector where transformations of this type have recently been sponsored by government. These data indicate that many of the key propositions of the post-Fordist account are valid. Smaller, non-unionised units dominate the new order and services are devolved to the local level. However a number of the expected patterns of flexible specialisation, diversity and networking are not found, suggesting marked differences and possible tensions between public and private sector forms of organisational development in the new order.
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Stafford Smith, Mark. "The 'desert syndrome' - causally-linked factors that characterise outback Australia." Rangeland Journal 30, no. 1 (2008): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj07063.
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The desert knowledge community has been motivated by the assertion that outback Australia is characterised by a set of features that are not individually unique, but which together cause it to function in ways that are fundamentally different to other physical and social environments. This paper sets out to appraise this assertion. It documents the evidence for the individual features – (i) climate variability at various scales in space and time (climate variability), (ii) widespread low and patchy primary productivity (scarce resources), (iii) sparse, mobile and patchy human population (sparse population), (iv) distant markets and decision-making (remoteness), (v) further perceived unpredictability in markets, labour and policy (social variability), (vi) limited research knowledge and persistent traditional and local knowledge (local knowledge), and (vii) particular types of people, culture and institutions (cultural differences). It then assesses whether there is evidence for the hypothesis that these features are causally linked to act as a consistent syndrome. This can only be partially confirmed as yet, but, if true, implies that management and policy for the region must recognise that the causal links are unlikely to be easily broken. The key consequence for desert people is that they should put more time into planning and managing for their apparently careless treatment by the environment and bureaucracy, and less time railing against it, because it will not go away. The key consequence for sympathetic outsiders is that there are great opportunities to create a policy context in which desert innovation can thrive in response to the ‘desert syndrome’.
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Sheppard, Benjamin, and Peter Burke. "The Bureau for the Organisation of Origins." Art & the Public Sphere 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 183–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/aps_00017_7.
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The Bureau for the Organisation of Origins (BOO) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary and collaborative artistic project. It assumes the framework of a bureaucratic entity to provide a relational context for a range of creative gestures. The breadth of contributions facilitated by The BOO span crucial sociopolitical works of protest to banal expressions of an opaque bureaucracy. These are arranged in dialogue surrounding issues of group identity, race politics and socio-institutional policy in Australia with a global outlook. The BOO is a flexible and accommodating entity that incorporates individuated practices that traverse nations, institutions, disciplines, identities and genders. It serves to remind us that nation states are evolving, malleable governance projects that require constant consideration and critique. This critical scrutiny has ramifications for associated identities and is all part of our public service.
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Trabsky, Marc. "The coronial manual and the bureaucratic logic of the coroner's office." International Journal of Law in Context 12, no. 2 (June 2016): 195–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744552316000069.
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AbstractThis paper examines the coronial manual as a technique of occupying office in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The manual guided coroners in the performance of their duties, obligations and responsibilities. It was preoccupied with questions of technical knowledge, operational processes and administrative procedure. The language ofofficethat characterised coronial treatises prior to the eighteenth century was gradually supplemented in the nineteenth century by the discourse of bureaucracy. This paper argues that the guidebook professionalised the office of coroner in Australia by setting out procedures, forms and rituals for assuming responsibility for the dead. It also provided advice to coroners for devoting themselves to a vocation in the public service. The paper thus traces historical shifts in the technology of the coronial manual in British colonies and examines how a bureaucratic logic of the coroner's office affected the way in which coroners pursued justice during the death investigation process.
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Fuller, Jeff. "Community Expectations of Ethnic Health Workers: Implications for Best Practice." Australian Journal of Primary Health 2, no. 1 (1996): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py96008.
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The manner in which people from non-English speaking background (NESB) communities seek health services in Australia is not well understood. Hence, best practices in immigrant health service delivery are not well articulated. This paper is a report of a study that explored what members of ethnic communities want from ethnic health workers. Interviews and focus group discussions were held with key informants and members of the Cambodian, Greek, Italian, Vietnamese and Chinese communities in Adelaide. The main themes identified from the research data were: the understanding of the role of the ethnic health worker; important attributes of an ethnic health worker; and the length of time an ethnic health worker is needed in a community. Participants reported that ethnic health workers were expected to help out with a broad range of problems, but were needed principally to mediate between clients and the bureaucracy for health and other matters. A client's ability to communicate with the ethnic health worker and to develop a trusting relationship determined how the ethnic health worker was used. Practical matters related to settlement in Australia set the priority for assistance in the early stages of residence. although ongoing language differences created a demand for special assistance even after 20-40 years. Implications for best practice are discussed, and the paper concludes with suggestions for changes to improve how health services are provided.
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Nugus, Peter, Geetha Ranmuthugala, Josianne Lamothe, David Greenfield, Joanne Travaglia, Kendall Kolne, Julia Kryluk, and Jeffrey Braithwaite. "New ways to get policy into practice." Journal of Health Organization and Management 32, no. 6 (September 17, 2018): 809–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-09-2017-0239.
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Purpose Health service effectiveness continues to be limited by misaligned objectives between policy makers and frontline clinicians. While capturing the discretion workers inevitably exercise, the concept of “street-level bureaucracy” has tended to artificially separate policy makers and workers. The purpose of this paper is to understand the role of social-organizational context in aligning policy with practice. Design/methodology/approach This mixed-method participatory study focuses on a locally developed tool to implement an Australia-wide strategy to engage and respond to mental health services for parents with mental illness. Researchers: completed 69 client file audits; administered 64 staff surveys; conducted 24 interviews and focus groups (64 participants) with staff and a consumer representative; and observed eight staff meetings, in an acute and sub-acute mental health unit. Data were analyzed using content analysis, thematic analysis and descriptive statistics. Findings Based on successes and shortcomings of the implementation (assessment completed for only 30 percent of clients), a model of integration is presented, distinguishing “assimilist” from “externalist” positions. These depend on the degree to which, and how, the work environment affords clinicians the setting to coordinate efforts to take account of clients’ personal and social needs. This was particularly so for allied health clinicians and nurses undertaking sub-acute rehabilitative-transitional work. Originality/value A new conceptualization of street-level bureaucracy is offered. Rather than as disconnected, it is a process of mutual influence among interdependent actors. This positioning can serve as a framework to evaluate how and under what circumstances discretion is appropriate, and to be supported by managers and policy makers to optimize client-defined needs.
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SCHAPER, MICHAEL T. "CREATING INDEPENDENT ADVOCATES FOR ENTREPRENEURS WITHIN GOVERNMENT: SOME REFLECTIONS ON THE SMALL BUSINESS COMMISSIONER MODEL." Journal of Enterprising Culture 16, no. 03 (September 2008): 299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495808000132.
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This paper provides a critical overview of a recent attempt to create an independent statutory "voice" for small enterprises within the formal government bureaucracy in one Australian jurisdiction. It discusses the creation and eighteen months of activity of the Small Business Commissioner of the Australian Capital Territory. In 2003 the ACT government foreshadowed that, as part of its strategy to create the most small-business-friendly location in Australia, it would establish a Small Business Commissioner as a statutory appointment. The Legislative Assembly passed the Small Business Commissioner Act in 2004 and activity began in March 2005. The key activities of the Commissioner have been to examine small business complaints about ACT government agencies; to promote the use of mediation and/or other alternative dispute resolution tools for the settlement of disputes between small enterprises and other businesses; to provide independent advice to the Territory government about laws, regulations and policies that may affect small firms; to oversee the introduction of small business service charters within government agencies; and to establish a more "business friendly" service culture within ACT government agencies. On one hand, it is clear that a Commissioner role has a potentially significant strategic importance for small and medium-sized enterprises, principally through the provision of independent commentary, pushing for red tape and regulatory reduction, and by providing mediation services and investigative functions. However, there are also some current problems with the role. These include potential overlap with other regulatory and investigative bodies; lack of formal compulsive powers; its dependence on political support for its effectiveness; insufficient resources; and the nature of the relationship it has with other government entities.
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Condon-Paoloni, Deanne, Heather R. Yeatman, and Elizabeth Grigonis-Deane. "Health-related claims on food labels in Australia: understanding environmental health officers’ roles and implications for policy." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 1 (November 20, 2013): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980013003078.
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AbstractObjectiveHealth and related claims on food labels can support consumer education initiatives that encourage purchase of healthier foods. A new food Standard on Nutrition, Health and Related Claims became law in January 2013. Implementation will need careful monitoring and enforcement to ensure that claims are truthful and have meaning. The current study explored factors that may impact on environmental health officers’ food labelling policy enforcement practices.DesignThe study used a mixed-methods approach, using two previously validated quantitative questionnaire instruments that provided measures of the level of control that the officers exercised over their work, as well as qualitative, semi-structured, in-depth interviews.SettingLocal government; Australia.SubjectsThirty-seven officers in three Australian states participated in semi-structured in-depth interviews, as well as completing the quantitative questionnaires. Senior and junior officers, including field officers, participated in the study.ResultsThe officers reported a high level of autonomy and control of their work, but also a heavy workload, dominated by concerns for public health and food safety, with limited time for monitoring food labels. Compliance of labels with proposed health claims regulations was not considered a priority. Lipsky's theory of street-level bureaucracy was used to enhance understanding of officers’ work practices.ConclusionsCompeting priorities affect environmental health officers’ monitoring and enforcement of regulations. Understanding officers’ work practices and their perceptions of enforcement is important to increase effectiveness of policy implementation and hence its capacity to augment education initiatives to optimize health benefits.
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Kensington-Miller, Barbara, Andrea Webb, Ann Gansemer-Topf, Heather Lewis, Julie Luu, Geneviève Maheux-Pelletier, and Analise Hofmann. "Brokering Boundary Crossings through the SoTL Landscape of Practice." Teaching & Learning Inquiry 9, no. 1 (March 7, 2021): 365–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20343/teachlearninqu.9.1.24.
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This study examines the lived experiences of seven internationally diverse scholars from Canada, the United States, New Zealand, and Australia to answer the question: how do we make meaning of our collective boundary crossing experiences across disciplines and positions within SoTL? Our positions range from graduate student, faculty, and academic developers, to department chair and centre director. We conducted a phenomenological study, based on narratives of experience, and drew on Wenger-Trayner and Wenger-Trayner’s (2015) theoretical framework that explores the features of a landscape of practice. Guided by this framework, we analyze our boundary crossings and brokering across the “diverse, political and flat” features of the SoTL landscape. Our collective findings highlight the critical role brokers play in facilitating boundary crossings. Brokering is precarious, bringing people together, building trusting relationships, and developing legitimacy while negotiating deadlocks, bureaucracy, authorities, and a multitude of challenges. Brokers, we found, require strength and resilience to mobilise, influence, and drive change in the landscape to transform existing practices or create new ones. We suggest that our analytical process can be used as a tool of analysis for future research about how brokers influence the SoTL landscape of practice and how brokering enhances SoTL development, support, and leadership.
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Beer, Chris. "The spatial accommodation practice of the bureaucracy of the Commonwealth of Australia and the production of Canberra as national capital space: A dialectical and prosaic history." Political Geography 27, no. 1 (January 2008): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2007.06.011.
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McPhillips, Kathleen, Tracy McEwan, Jodi Death, and Kelly Richards. "Does Gender Matter?" Religion and Gender 12, no. 1 (April 14, 2022): 52–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18785417-01201008.
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Abstract Sociological and historical research into sexual violence against children has reported consistently that it is girls who have most often been the subject of sexual, psychological and physical violence in both familial and institutional settings in modernity. However, more recently, public inquiries have provided evidence that during the 20th century, boys were much more likely to be abused in particular kinds of religious settings. This has been substantiated in findings from inquiries in Australia, Ireland, the UK and the USA. This reverses the trend of child sexual abuse (CSA) demonstrated in family and community environments, where girls are more likely to be abused, although perpetrators are much more likely to be men across all settings (Dowling, Boxall, et al. 2021). The question of gender in relation to the experience and management of CSA therefore requires further examination. In this article we investigate whether gender is a specific dimension of CSA in religious institutions, and specifically the Roman Catholic Church, by two methods. We begin by firstly examining the literature that addresses gender representation, religion and CSA in relation to three central evidence-based indicators: prevalence, disclosure and trauma impacts. Secondly, we link this discussion to a case study of the Catholic Church in Australia, where we identify specific patterns of gendered child violence and we ask the question: are such gendered forms of violence related to Catholic socialisation processes and if so by which specific mechanisms does Catholic culture produce the conditions that facilitate the sexual abuse of children? This article will explore these questions by looking at the ways CSA in Catholic institutions are gendered and how this produced particular forms of knowledge and truth. We argue that gender is a central organising principle in Catholic bureaucracy, culture and theology. The analysis identifies five central factors underpinning the reproduction of a discourse of power and knowledge normalizing gendered patterns of CSA and addresses a gap in current research by addressing gender representation as the central factor in the prevalence, disclosure and trauma of religiously based CSA.
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McPhillips, Kathleen, Tracy McEwan, Jodi Death, and Kelly Richards. "Does Gender Matter?" Religion and Gender 12, no. 1 (April 14, 2022): 52–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/18785417-01201008.
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Abstract Sociological and historical research into sexual violence against children has reported consistently that it is girls who have most often been the subject of sexual, psychological and physical violence in both familial and institutional settings in modernity. However, more recently, public inquiries have provided evidence that during the 20th century, boys were much more likely to be abused in particular kinds of religious settings. This has been substantiated in findings from inquiries in Australia, Ireland, the UK and the USA. This reverses the trend of child sexual abuse (CSA) demonstrated in family and community environments, where girls are more likely to be abused, although perpetrators are much more likely to be men across all settings (Dowling, Boxall, et al. 2021). The question of gender in relation to the experience and management of CSA therefore requires further examination. In this article we investigate whether gender is a specific dimension of CSA in religious institutions, and specifically the Roman Catholic Church, by two methods. We begin by firstly examining the literature that addresses gender representation, religion and CSA in relation to three central evidence-based indicators: prevalence, disclosure and trauma impacts. Secondly, we link this discussion to a case study of the Catholic Church in Australia, where we identify specific patterns of gendered child violence and we ask the question: are such gendered forms of violence related to Catholic socialisation processes and if so by which specific mechanisms does Catholic culture produce the conditions that facilitate the sexual abuse of children? This article will explore these questions by looking at the ways CSA in Catholic institutions are gendered and how this produced particular forms of knowledge and truth. We argue that gender is a central organising principle in Catholic bureaucracy, culture and theology. The analysis identifies five central factors underpinning the reproduction of a discourse of power and knowledge normalizing gendered patterns of CSA and addresses a gap in current research by addressing gender representation as the central factor in the prevalence, disclosure and trauma of religiously based CSA.
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Arifin, Ridwan, and Intan Nurkumalawati. "Towards an Integration of Immigration and Customs Agency in Indonesia: A Step-by-Step Process." Journal of Government and Civil Society 5, no. 1 (June 20, 2021): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.31000/jgcs.v5i1.2990.
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Some challenges appear in this issue that the Indonesian border agencies indicate weaknesses in coordination, fragmented policy instruments, and disputes in implementing laws. There has little evidence in the previous study about the integration of border agencies in Indonesia and perspectives on the establishment of immigration and customs agencies. The questions may arise how important is the integrated border agencies is in the reform agenda in public sectors and bureaucracy from the perspectives of border officers. This study is to figure out the perspectives of border officers on the integration of two border authorities in Indonesia and what the ideal integration should be. This paper provides solutions for some issues of border protection in Indonesia with survey research and a step-by-step process of integration. This paper finds most immigration and customs officers at border controls exposed the importance of an integration initiative between the Directorate General of Immigration (DGI) and Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DGCE) in Indonesia through the Integrated Border Management (IBM) strategy. Therefore, initiating the integration of institutions between the Directorate General of Immigration and Directorate General of Customs and Excise, such as ICA Singapore or ABF Australia is more ideal border agencies rather than a joint-task force.Permasalahan di instansi pemerintah yang menangani perbatasan di Indonesia masih terjadi seperti adanya kelemahan dalam koordinasi, terdapat instrumen kebijakan yang terpisah-pisah, dan terjadinya tumpang tindih dalam penegakan hukum. Penelitian sebelumnya tentang inisiasi integrasi instansi di perbatasan Indonesia masih sangat minim terutama penggabungan dua otoritas perbatasan seperti imigrasi dan bea cukai. Pertanyannya adalah seberapa penting penggabungan dua otoritas perbatasan tersebut dalam rangka agenda reformasi birokrasi di sektor publik dari perspektif petugas perbatasan. Studi ini menggunakan penelitian survei dengan melihat perspektif dari petugas perbatasan terhadap integrasi dua otoritas perbatasan di Indonesia dan bagaimana seharusnya bentuk ideal penggabungan tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar petugas imigrasi dan kepabeanan menyatakan sangat setuju dengan inisiasi penggabungan Direktorat Jenderal Imigrasi dan Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai dengan menerapkan strategi manajemen perbatasan terintegrasi (IBM). Integrasi dua tersebut dalam bentuk badan baru seperti ICA Singapore atau ABF Australia ketimbang tim atau gugus tugas yang bersifat sementara
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Hyslop, Jonathan. "Oceanic Mobility and Settler-Colonial Power: Policing the Global Maritime Labour Force in Durban Harbour C. 1890–1910." Journal of Transport History 36, no. 2 (December 2015): 248–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/tjth.36.2.7.
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Recent scholarship on seafarers in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century has tended to emphasise the mobility and diverse geographical origins of the global steamship workforce. This article, while sharing that perspective, cautions that a more nuanced view is called for, which also recognises the limits of their mobility. In doing so, it suggests, more broadly, that the period before the First World War cannot be thought of simply as an ‘Age of Acceleration’, but also needs to be seen as a period in which new kinds of limitation to mobility emerged. In the British colonial port of Durban, although there was in this period a vast increase in shipping activity, seamen were subject to an intense regime of restriction. An immigration bureaucracy initially created to exclude Indian immigrants, also shut out sailors of all nationalities and races. A particular precipitant of this policy was the hostility of Natal officials to the crews of ‘cattleboats’, ships bringing livestock to southern Africa from the Mediterranean, Argentina, Australia, the US and elsewhere. Across the globe, immigration controls in this period were in general less intense than they became after 1914, but in some places, such as Durban, new forms of limitation on mobility were being tried out. The article also highlights the vast worldwide system of labour documentation operated by the British merchant marine through Shipping Offices and Consuls in almost every significant port. Mobility in the British Empire was radically differentiated, with numerous centres of power making their own claims to control movement.
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Williams, Colin C. "Explaining the Informal Economy: an Exploratory Evaluation of Competing Perspectives." Hors-thème 70, no. 4 (January 28, 2016): 741–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1034902ar.
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The aim of this paper is to conduct an exploratory analysis of the wider economic and social conditions associated with larger informal economies. To do this, three competing perspectives are evaluated critically which variously assert that cross-national variations in the size of the informal economy are associated with: under-development (modernization perspective); high taxes, corruption and state interference (neo-liberal perspective), or inadequate state intervention to protect workers (political economy perspective). Analyzing the variable size of the informal economy across 33 developed and transition economies, namely 28 European countries and five other OECD nations (Australia, Canada, Japan, New zealand and the USA), the finding is that larger informal economies are associated with under-development as measured by lower levels of GNI per capita, employment participation rates, average wages and the institutional strength and quality of the bureaucracy, higher levels of perceived public sector corruption, lower levels of expenditure on social protection and labour market intervention to protect vulnerable groups, but also restrictions on the use of temporary employment contracts and TWAs. The outcome is a tentative call to combine a range of tenets from all three perspectives in a new more nuanced and finer-grained understanding of how the cross-national variations in the size of the informal economy are associated with broader economic and social conditions. The paper concludes by discussing the implications for theory and policy, including the need for further analysis of the different impacts on the size of the informal economy of a wider range of indicators of modernization, corruption, taxation and types of state intervention.
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Nguyen, Nathalie Huynh Chau. "Memory in the Aftermath of War: Australian Responses to the Vietnamese Refugee Crisis of 1975." Canadian Journal of Law and Society / Revue Canadienne Droit et Société 30, no. 02 (June 15, 2015): 183–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cls.2015.21.
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Abstract This article interweaves the personal and archival by exploring the intersection of official Australian records on the fall of Saigon and government handling of Vietnamese refugees in 1975 with my family history. As transitional justice addresses the legacies of human rights violations including the displacement and resettlement of refugees in post-conflict contexts, Australian responses to the Vietnamese refugee crisis of 1975 provide a relevant case study. Drawing on a wide range of archival documentation at the National Archives of Australia and the National Library of Australia, including policy papers, Senate findings, confidential cables, ministerial submissions, private correspondence and photographs, I trace the effect of government decisions on Vietnamese refugees seeking asylum. In the process I reveal actions by senior bureaucrats and in particular by then Prime Minister Gough Whitlam that are largely unknown. Combining archival research with personal history enables me to not only shed light on past actions of governance and uncover past injustice but also explore the enduring impact of government decision-making on individual lives.
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Deacon, Desley. "Equal Opportunity and Australian Bureaucracy 1880-1930." Australian Quarterly 57, no. 1/2 (1985): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20635310.
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Sims, Margaret, Manjula Waniganayake, and Dr Fay Hadley. "Educational leadership." Educational Management Administration & Leadership 46, no. 6 (June 15, 2017): 960–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741143217714254.
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In the Australian early childhood sector the role of educational leader emerged as part of a very large process of policy reform that began in 2009. The position of educational leader was established to drive the quality improvement requirements of the reform, but many organizations did not establish these positions until several years after the reforms were introduced. Lack of clear role descriptions and authority make it difficult for educational leaders to fulfil the expectations held of them. This study examines the sense leaders make of the policy reforms and the street-level bureaucracy they perform to translate the policy into action. This sense-making and street-level bureaucracy is taking place in a neoliberal context where, we argue, the demands for professional discretionary decision-making are in conflict with the top-down standardization inherent in neoliberalism. Educational leaders have the potential to challenge neoliberalism through their professional decision-making but, in the Australian context, many are currently focusing on compliance with their street-level bureaucracy.
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O'Toole, John Mitchell. "Religion, Politics, Science and Bureaucracy: An Australian Science Curriculum?" Journal of Christian Education os-54, no. 2 (September 2011): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002196571105400203.
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Eaidgah, Youness, Amir Abdekhodaee, Manoochehr Najmi, and Alireza Arab Maki. "Holistic performance management of virtual teams in third-party logistics environments." Team Performance Management: An International Journal 24, no. 3/4 (June 11, 2018): 186–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tpm-05-2017-0020.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of an integrated approach for performance improvement of virtual teams (VTs) in third-party logistics (3PL) through the integration of performance management (PM), visual management (VM) and continuous improvement (CI) initiatives into one coherent system. The paper will also propose a methodological framework to establish such a system. The intended integrated system is called as integrated visual management (IVM) throughout this paper. Design/methodology/approach This research is based on a case study that took place in a 3PL context with 19 VTs of different sizes spread across Australia. Many major 3PL companies provide their services either internationally or nationwide and therefore use VTs on a regular basis. The selected company does the same. This case was picked as representative of the many complexities which VTs face in 3PL settings, e.g. geographical and temporal separations; different skill levels within the team and between different team bases; multi-teaming system; high staff turnover; recurring performance problems and firefighting approach to problem-solving; and highly demanding performance requirements from clients. Further, this case study, being of a newly established contract and team, enabled the observation of the team dynamic and complexities from the earliest stages. In addition, as the main author of the paper was part of the managerial layer of the studied VT, this provided it a unique opportunity to escape the usual bureaucracy and rather focus on the research. This study also includes a literature review on VTs along with PM, VM and CI, which comprises IVM. Findings It was found that an integrated approach to PM, VM and CI was effective in systematically improving the VT performance. The framework for implementing IVM was productive and enabled to successfully plan and deploy the improvement intentions. Even though the team was highly virtual and encompassed a range of situational challenges, including different skill levels, a multi-teaming system and a high staff turnover, nevertheless, through IVM, the results met and exceeded performance targets on a sustainable base. Inventory record accuracy, dispatch on time, delivery in full on time and dock to stock were improved by 45, 62, 22 and 25 per cent on average, respectively. Originality/value The originality of the paper comes from its methodological approach to performance improvement for VTs in 3PL contexts through integrating PM, VM and CI systems into one coherent system, IVM.
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Rowse, Tim. "Bureaucrats and bleeding hearts: Indigenous health in Northern Australia." Australian Journal of Anthropology 20, no. 1 (April 2009): 154–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-6547.2009.00018.x.
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Briggs, David, Mary Cruickshank, and Penny Paliadelis. "Health managers and health reform." Journal of Management & Organization 18, no. 5 (September 2012): 641–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200000584.
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AbstractThis qualitative study was undertaken with a diverse sample of Australian health managers to examine their perceptions regarding the health system and to understand how they learned to become health managers. The findings showed that they viewed the health system as one of constant change, mostly non-adaptive, and a system of parts controlled by bureaucrats and political interests. While the respondents enjoyed their managerial role, they see it as contested between the professions. This study concluded that greater emphasis on the education and training of health managers and their continuing professional development is required if they are to manage increasingly complex, dynamic and changing health systems. In Australia, the health debate continues with the recently announced national health reform agenda. The perceptions of health managers in health reform and change management are important given that they are said to be central to the implementation of health reform and the management of change.
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Briggs, David, Mary Cruickshank, and Penny Paliadelis. "Health managers and health reform." Journal of Management & Organization 18, no. 5 (September 2012): 641–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2012.18.5.641.
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AbstractThis qualitative study was undertaken with a diverse sample of Australian health managers to examine their perceptions regarding the health system and to understand how they learned to become health managers. The findings showed that they viewed the health system as one of constant change, mostly non-adaptive, and a system of parts controlled by bureaucrats and political interests. While the respondents enjoyed their managerial role, they see it as contested between the professions. This study concluded that greater emphasis on the education and training of health managers and their continuing professional development is required if they are to manage increasingly complex, dynamic and changing health systems. In Australia, the health debate continues with the recently announced national health reform agenda. The perceptions of health managers in health reform and change management are important given that they are said to be central to the implementation of health reform and the management of change.
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Robinson, Sarah. "Decentralisation, managerialism and accountability: professional loss in an Australian education bureaucracy." Journal of Education Policy 30, no. 4 (March 24, 2015): 468–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02680939.2015.1025241.
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Duckett, Stephen J. "The Australian health care system: reform, repair or replace?" Australian Health Review 32, no. 2 (2008): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080322.
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A Festshrift gives us the opportunity to look both backwards and forwards. Ken Donald?s career stretches back to his intern days in 1963 and has encompassed clinical and population health, academe, clinical settings and the bureaucracy, and playing sport at state and national levels. There has been considerable change in the health care system over the period of Ken?s involvement in the sector with more change to come ? where have those changes left us? This paper discusses these changes in relation to performance criteria.
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DOLLERY, BRIAN, and PETER HAMBURGER. "MODELLING BUREAUCRACY: THE CASE OF THE AUSTRALIAN FEDERAL BUDGET SECTOR 1982-1992." Public Administration 74, no. 3 (September 1996): 477–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9299.1996.tb00881.x.
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Hawkins, Russell M. F. "Family Inclusive Child Protection Practice: The Need for Rigorous Evaluation." Children Australia 39, no. 2 (May 21, 2014): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2014.4.
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Historical and current child protection practice in Australia has been subject to severe criticism, yet in spite of a persuasive case for an alternative family inclusive form of child protection practice – something that offers the potential for improved client outcomes and improved worker job satisfaction – the model is not yet in widespread use. An international review of promising innovations in child protection, including examples of programmes from Australia, resulted in a list of eight identified trends. Common to all of these trends was evidence that good-quality evaluation had contributed to their recognition. If family inclusive practice is to gain greater acceptance, especially by bureaucrats, policy makers and holders of the purse strings, sophisticated forms of programme evaluation will be required. Such evaluations might emphasise practice-based research where researchers and frontline practitioners work together on all aspects of evaluation, including the initial design stage. While gold-standard randomised controlled trials may be included, methodological pluralism should allow inclusion of alternative approaches, such as realist evaluation and the involvement of practice research networks. The use of external evaluators might be usefully replaced with greater reliance on evaluation partnerships between evaluation experts (researchers) and frontline agency staff. Follow-up systematic reviews and meta-analyses might then allow the development of evidence-based arguments for change. Some Australian programmes have shown how rigorous evaluation practices have underpinned success and this evaluation focus could be emulated.
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Bartrop, Paul R. "The Holocaust, the Aborigines, and the bureaucracy of destruction: An Australian dimension of genocide." Journal of Genocide Research 3, no. 1 (March 2001): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14623520120037716.
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