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1

Hoerl, John David. "Torpedoes and the gun club : the U.S. Navy Bureau of Ordnance in World War II /." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03242009-040815/.

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2

Dylan, Huw. "The Joint Intelligence Bureau : economic, topographic, and scientific intelligence for Britain's Cold War, 1946-1964." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/6338ec52-6154-47ca-ba92-c6bf092281bf.

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This thesis examines the British Joint Intelligence Bureau (JIB), which, between its creation in 1946 and its end in 1964, gathered, collated and processed topographic, economic, scientific, and atomic intelligence. It did so on an inter-service, national level. The thesis examines the creation of the organisation, in the aftermath of the Second World War, exploring what factors and which people supported the creation of the new agency. It then moves on to examine the work of the JIB in several of its key fields of work, namely topography, economics and monitoring the threat from Soviet nuclear forces, before examining some of the JIB’s international connections and how these contributed to its work. It concludes with an examination of how the JIB begat the Defence Intelligence Staff (DIS). It argues that the creation of the JIB was an appropriate response to the need to centralise and retrench in the intelligence machinery after the War, but that the organisation, in essence, represented a compromise between those who wanted to fully centralise military (and military-relevant) intelligence and those who wished to preserve service independence. Over the course of its existence it made important contributions to several key areas of policy – including mapping the Soviet Union for nuclear strike planning, the economic containment of the USSR, as well as China and North Korea during the Korean War, and in monitoring the production of Soviet bombers and missiles – before becoming a central component of the new DIS.
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3

Mustafa, Nageen. "An investigation of individual recruitment decision-making following Criminal Records Bureau checks : the implications for the protection of vulnerable adults." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2010. http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/228/.

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In 2004 it was reported that up to half a million elderly people may be victims of abuse at any one time. Studies have shown that elder abuse can have devastating effects upon service users and can often lead to long-term health problems. It is vital that health care service providers acknowledge the importance of recruitment decision-making when employing carers for work involving vulnerable adults. In 2002 the Criminal Records Bureau (CRB) was established in the UK to ensure safer recruitment decisions could be made. The CRB check is utilised to facilitate safer recruitment decisions by providing employers with wider access to an applicant’s criminal record information through a Disclosure service. However, how these changes are impacting upon recruitment decisions and its implications for the protection of vulnerable adults is yet to be examined. Therefore, the research presented here, sets out to explore how recruitment decisions are being made by individual decision-makers using CRB Disclosure information. The implications of these decisions for the protection of vulnerable adults and the ex-offender are examined. Organisations from the National Health Service, Social Services, Higher Education, Further Education and Care Home sectors whose employees have contact with vulnerable persons were recruited to take part in this research. A mixed methods approach was utilised to investigate research objectives. The research objectives were as follows: 1. To analyse exactly who is responsible for making recruitment decisions in an organisation 2. To discover whether or not recruitment decisions are informed by any guidance 3. To assess what impact the knowledge of convictions has upon perceived suitability for employment of individuals working with vulnerable persons 4. To examine how trade off decisions for employment are made 5. To identify how easy or difficult recruitment decisions are to make 6. To examine the implications for the protection of vulnerable persons and 7. To evaluate the implications for human rights, civil liberties, discrimination and social exclusion. The findings indicate that recruitment decisions are being made inconsistently both within and between organisations. Both the actual recruitment decision made and the reasons for these decisions varied. In addition, results suggested that the organisation to which an ex-offender applies to for a post could determine the success of their application based on the recruitment decision-maker/s involved in the process. Moreover, there was no general consensus on what constituted a problematic offending profile. In order to aid data collection, a software package named Survey Software was created. This allowed the administration of a series of vignettes, whilst recording and sorting the inputted information.
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4

Leroux, Denis. "Une armée révolutionnaire : la guerre d'Algérie du 5e bureau." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H077.

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Durant la guerre d'Algérie, des officiers français ont pensé l'armée et son action comme révolutionnaire. Il s'agissait pour eux de réformer radicalement l'institution militaire, en l'adaptant à un conflit présenté comme une guerre révolutionnaire menée par le communisme dont l'enjeu est le contrôle politique de la population. Cette armée révolutionnaire se devait de participer à la modernisation de l'Algérie, intégrant les Algériens au corps social français, permettant l'émergence d'une «Algérie nouvelle». Afin de réaliser cet objectif, ces officiers prônaient un durcissement autoritaire de l'État à même de contrer la subversion communiste. Cette thèse explore cette armée révolutionnaire, dont elle s'attache à saisir les racines, le contenu et les conséquences, à travers l'étude des 5es bureaux, bureaux d'état-major chargés de mener l'action psychologique de 1955 à 1960, à la fois propagandistes, commissaires politiques et théoriciens de l'action politico-militaire. Elle se penche, à travers une approche prosopographique, sur les parcours individuels et collectifs de ses officiers. Elle analyse les logiques institutionnelles, les discours et les pratiques des 5es bureaux. Elle met en lumière l'action politique de l'armée lors de la crise de mai et juin 1958 à travers la mobilisation autoritaire des Algériens lors de manifestations de fraternisation mettant en scène l'adhésion des colonisés à un ordre coloniale rénové. Ce projet se heurte à l'opposition de plus en plus claire du pouvoir gaulliste qui dissout les 5es bureaux en février 1960, suite à la semaine des barricades, mais surtout à une mécompréhension systématique de la situation politique algérienne
During the Algerian War, French officers considered the army and its action as revolutionary. They aimed to radically reform military institutions, adapting them to a conflict perceived as a revolutionary war led by communism whose goal was the political control of the population. This revolutionary army had to participate in the modernization of Algeria, integrating Algerians into the French social body, allowing the emergence of an "Algérie nouvelle". In order to achieve this goal, these officers advocated an authoritarian hardening of the state capable of countering communist subversion. This thesis explores the roots, content and consequences of this revolutionary army through the study of the 5th bureau : the staff officers responsible for conducting psychological action from 1955 to 1960, as well the propagandists, political commissars and theoreticians of politico-military action. It employs a prospography of the individual and collective career trajectories of these officers, and analyzes the institutional logics; discourses, and the practices of the 5th bureaus. Tt highlights the political action of the army during the crisis of May and June 1958 through the authoritarian mobilization of Algerians for fraternization demonstrations that aimed to evince Algerians' commitment to a renovated colonial order. This project was defeated by the cleat opposition of the Gaullist state, which dissolved the 5th Bureaus in February 1960 following the week of the barricades uprising, but particularly by its systematic misunderstanding of the Algerian political situation
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5

RHYNE, JAMES MICHAEL. "REHEARSAL FOR REDEMPTION: THE POLITICS OF POST-EMANCIPATION VIOLENCE IN KENTUCKY'S BLUEGRASS REGION." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1171374749.

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6

Consultants, SWCA Environmental, of Applied Research in Anthropology University of Arizona Bureau, Richard W. Stoffle, Vlack Kathleen A. Van, Hannah Johnson, Phillip Dukes, Sola Stephanie De, and Kristen Simmons. "Ethnographic and Class I Records Searches for Proposed Solar Energy Zones in California, Nevada, and Utah for the Bureau of Land Management’s Solar Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement." SWCA Environmental Consultants, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276234.

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The United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management (BLM) National Operations Center obtained American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 funding to conduct an ethnographic overview of select proposed solar energy zones (SEZs) to augment the research that had been conducted for the Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement for Solar Development in Six Southwestern States (Draft Solar PEIS). The objective of this project was to solicit tribal identification of traditional cultural properties and sacred landscapes, religious and traditional use sites, significant ethnobotanical resources, other sensitive or significant resources (including visual), and tribal perspectives on the direct and indirect effects of solar energy development through oral interviews and on-site visits to proposed SEZs in Arizona, California, Nevada, and Utah. SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) was selected to perform this work, assisted by the University of Arizona’s Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology (BARA). As the project progressed, the list of participating tribes was modified to accommodate changing tribal needs and requests. When the tribe that had requested to participate in an ethnographic study for three of the California SEZs (Imperial East, Iron Mountain, and Riverside East) was unable to participate, the scope of the project was modified. In the Draft Solar PEIS, the high cost of conducting Class I archaeological records searches for the four California SEZs had precluded that research; the current project was modified from ethnographic interviews to a Class I records search for all four California SEZs (Imperial East, Iron Mountain, Pisgah, and Riverside East) by SWCA. BARA conducted ethnographic studies for Amargosa Valley, Delamar Valley, Dry Lake, East Mormon Mountain, Gold Point, and Millers in Nevada (inclement weather prevented visits to Dry Lake Valley North), and for Escalante Valley, Milford Flats South, and Wah Wah Valley in Utah.
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7

Ando, Masahito. "Treatment of records and archives in the Japanese colonies and occupied territories in Asia during the Second World War and its aftermath." Thesis, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499086.

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8

Williams, George Kent. "Statistics and strategic bombardment : operations and records of the British long-range bombing force during World War 1 and their implications for the development of the post-war Royal Air Force, 1917-1923." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305331.

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9

Renard, Paul D. "The selection and preparation of white officers for the command of black troops in the American Civil War: A study of the 41st and 100th U.S. Colored Infantry." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26219.

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American Civil War officer preparation activities were rooted in the broader practices of antebellum military education as applied at West Point, other military academies, and the state militia system. The arrival of black troops in the Union Army led to a radical, if temporary, transformation in the Armyâ s process for the selection and preparation of officersâ but only for the white officers who served with black regiments. Overtly political or casual processes of the early Civil War were replaced in many cases by formal examinations and the centralized review of results, operating in parallel with more traditional political patronage systems of appointment. This study uses the experiences of officers from several black infantry regiments, and particularly the 41st U.S. Colored Infantry from the East and the 100th U.S.C.I. from the West, to illustrate how leaders for black units were chosen, prepared, examined, commissioned, and continued their military education. It focuses on the experiences of the officers, along with the contextual environments of antebellum education, slavery, racism, tactics, and bureaucracy in which they served.
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10

Bourlet, Michaël. "Les officiers français des 2e et 5e bureaux de l’état-major de l’armée (août 1919-juin 1919)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040172.

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Au début du XXe siècle, le 2e bureau incarne le renseignement militaire à l’état-major de l’armée à Paris. Entre août 1914 et juin 1919, 366 officiers servent dans cette administration secrète du ministère de la Guerre. Ce travail, qui a pour objet une histoire des services dits spéciaux à travers le prisme des dossiers individuels, comprend trois axes : une étude institutionnelle, une étude prosopographique et un dictionnaire biographique. En moins de quatre années, le dispositif de renseignement à l’EMA étend ses activités à des champs nouveaux (économie, politique, diplomatie, coopération interalliée). Ce développement passe par plusieurs réformes structurelles profondes. Pour mener à bien ces activités, le renseignement à l’EMA connaît un accroissement inédit de son personnel et un élargissement du recrutement, qui concerne en particulier les officiers de réserve. Les élites intellectuelles et économiques de la Nation occupent alors une place de choix dans cette organisation. Une fois la guerre terminée, le 2e bureau retrouve sa spécificité militaire
At the beginning of the 20th century, the “2e bureau” embodied military intelligence at the headquarters of the War Office in Paris. Between August 1914 and June 1919, 366 officers served in this secret administration of the War Office. Through individual files and with the aim of relating the history of services known as special services, this thesis is made up of three main lines: first, an institutional study, then a prosopographic study and finally a biographical dictionary. In less than four years, the intelligence plan set up at the EMA (État-major de l’armée) opened to new fields (economy, politics, diplomacy, inter-allied cooperation). This development went through deep structural reforms. In order to bring its activities to a successful conclusion, the “2e bureau” increased personnel and recruitment, which applied to reserve officers in particular. The intellectual and economic elites of the Nation would then occupy a place of choice in this organisation. Once the war was over, the “2e bureau” was back in charge of purely military matters
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11

Cook, Tim Humanities &amp Social Sciences Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "Canadian official historians and the writing of the world wars." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38660.

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This dissertation analyses academic military history and the writing of the World Wars in Canada. While there have been hundreds of books devoted to Canada???s role in the World Wars, few historians have examined the writing of that same history, or the archival records that were used to construct these narratives. It has been the official historians of the Department of National Defence who, for much of the twentieth century, have controlled the historical writing of the World Wars, and that military history has been narrowly defined as the history of military operations. Training, administrating and operational war-fighting remained the focus. Only recently have academic military historians pushed the discipline of military history to explore the impact of the World Wars on Canadian society. Nonetheless, it remains the publications of A.F. Duguid, C.P. Stacy, Gilbert Tucker, Fred Hitchins, Joseph Schull, and more recent official historians that provide the central narrative when examining the writing on Canada???s World Wars. An exploration of key historians and their works reveals historical themes underpinning how memory and narrative of the World Wars has been constructed within historical writing. The official historians were the guardians of memory and controllers of the past. Caught within the battles of reputations that followed the World Wars, they were forced to carefully navigate through these contested issues. Laying an interpretative frame-work, the official historians allowed subsequent generations to build upon and rework their findings, through writing their histories but also by acting as the archivists for their respective services. While the official histories have their flaws, they are also exceptionally important foundational studies that deserve greater attention and study in their own right.
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12

Bentley, Caitlin T. "Linking Communications: the Philippine Regional Section of the Allied Intelligence Bureau's Operations in the Occupied Islands,1942-1945." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1449235520.

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13

Bourlet, Michaël. "Les officiers français des 2e et 5e bureaux de l’état-major de l’armée (août 1919-juin 1919)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040172.

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Au début du XXe siècle, le 2e bureau incarne le renseignement militaire à l’état-major de l’armée à Paris. Entre août 1914 et juin 1919, 366 officiers servent dans cette administration secrète du ministère de la Guerre. Ce travail, qui a pour objet une histoire des services dits spéciaux à travers le prisme des dossiers individuels, comprend trois axes : une étude institutionnelle, une étude prosopographique et un dictionnaire biographique. En moins de quatre années, le dispositif de renseignement à l’EMA étend ses activités à des champs nouveaux (économie, politique, diplomatie, coopération interalliée). Ce développement passe par plusieurs réformes structurelles profondes. Pour mener à bien ces activités, le renseignement à l’EMA connaît un accroissement inédit de son personnel et un élargissement du recrutement, qui concerne en particulier les officiers de réserve. Les élites intellectuelles et économiques de la Nation occupent alors une place de choix dans cette organisation. Une fois la guerre terminée, le 2e bureau retrouve sa spécificité militaire
At the beginning of the 20th century, the “2e bureau” embodied military intelligence at the headquarters of the War Office in Paris. Between August 1914 and June 1919, 366 officers served in this secret administration of the War Office. Through individual files and with the aim of relating the history of services known as special services, this thesis is made up of three main lines: first, an institutional study, then a prosopographic study and finally a biographical dictionary. In less than four years, the intelligence plan set up at the EMA (État-major de l’armée) opened to new fields (economy, politics, diplomacy, inter-allied cooperation). This development went through deep structural reforms. In order to bring its activities to a successful conclusion, the “2e bureau” increased personnel and recruitment, which applied to reserve officers in particular. The intellectual and economic elites of the Nation would then occupy a place of choice in this organisation. Once the war was over, the “2e bureau” was back in charge of purely military matters
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14

Crabb, Dawn Nora. "Navigating the Wreck: Writing women’s experience of the Japanese Occupation of Singapore. Salvaged from the Wreck: A novel -and- Diving into the Wreck: A critical essay." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2021. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2416.

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This thesis is in two parts. The first and major part consists of a historical novel followed, in part two, by an essay. The title of this thesis, “Navigating the Wreck”, refers metaphorically to the Fall of Singapore in 1942, the ensuing human tragedy unleashed on the people of Singapore and Malaya, and the literary and historical processes of exploring, interpreting and depicting the past. The Japanese occupation of Singapore has, to date, been described mostly by Western historians and former prisoners of war who have forged a predominant patriarchal narrative. In that narrative—despite the all-encompassing nature of the occupation and the cataclysmic effect it had on civilians—women are virtually invisible. The objective of this thesis is to privilege women’s experiences by ethically gathering, analysing and re-imagining the accounts of a group of women of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds—Chinese, Indian, Malay, Eurasian—who lived through the occupation, using historical fiction to engage as broad a readership as possible. As well as literary praxis, research centres on analysis of relevant literature, including eight ethnically diverse published female memoirs and eleven women’s oral histories held by the National Archive of Singapore. The essay discusses the artefact-centred, pragmatic and self-reflexive bricolage approach of this thesis, its feminist and phenomenological framework and my ethical responsibility and outsider authorial position as a white Australian woman reliant on local witness accounts. Feminist concerns addressed in the thesis are invisibility, plurality and intersectionality and I adopt a critical feminist phenomenology based on five aspects of Simone de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex to discuss the aims and the research and writing processes of the thesis. Working within that framework, I summarised and categorised female oral interview data from audio and written transcripts enabling comparison of each woman’s individual experience of the war and the effects that the occupation had on each woman’s life situation, revealing a diverse set of experiences, some of which influenced my literary choices. By immersing myself in the particular remembered experiences of each of the female interviewees and considering their stories against the tapestry of my own extensive lived experience of the physical, cultural and social world of Singapore, as well as an in-depth investigation of other historical data and male and female written memoirs, I identified gaps and silences that needed to be addressed. These include the strategic household, wage earning, food-supplying and charitable role that women played in the dangerous and difficult situation of the occupation as well as the ignored or marginalised active participation of women in Singapore’s pre-war anti-colonial communist movements, support for and armed participation in anti-Japanese activities in China as well as the jungle-based guerrilla militias in Malaya, and the urban anti-Japanese underground in Singapore. The essay weaves the creative thinking and practical processes of researching and writing the novel through discussion of practice, literature, theory, methodology and craft, retrieving and exposing what is usually submerged in the creative process to indicate a matrix of production.
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15

Kvist, Geverts Karin. "Ett främmande element i nationen : Svensk flyktingpolitik och de judiska flyktingarna 1938−1944." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of History, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9203.

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The aim is to increase our understanding of the mechanisms of social categorization and discrimination, as well as the connection between them. This has been accomplished by examining Swedish refugee policy towards Jewish refugees during the Second World War and the Holocaust, as conducted by The Foreigner’s Bureau of the National Board of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs during 1938−1944. The study also compares the Swedish refugee policy with that of Denmark, Switzerland, Great Britain and the United States. The investigation is guided by such concepts as social categorization, discrimination, antisemitism, organizational culture and established practice. The primary sources are documents, minutes and personal dossiers; Svensk författningssamling (legislation) and articles in Sociala Meddelanden (the National Board’s official journal).

The main conclusions are that Sweden was not perceived as a country of immigration, based partly of the widespread fear that too many Jewish refugees would create a “Jewish Question”. Swedish authorities discriminated against Jewish refugees on grounds of “race” through a process of categorization. This process began already in the 1920’s, and gradually transformed the definition of “Jew” from a religious to a “racial” definition, based on the Nuremberg Laws. The differentiation of Jewish refugees in official statistics ceased in September 1943, yet it continued secretly until February 1944, encompassing the Norwegian and Danish Jews as well. One important result shows that the shift in policy – from discrimination to large scale reception – was a slow process where this differentiating practice and antisemitic perceptions remained operative. What is defined as an antisemitic background bustle is used to explain how moderate antisemitic expressions were perceived as “unbiased” and “normal” within the Swedish society. Though Sweden’s refugee policy seems similar to that of other countries surveyed, the shift in policy stands out as unique in comparison.

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Langkjaer, Jenny. "Övervakning för rikets säkerhet : Svensk säkerhetspolisiär övervakning av utländska personer och inhemsk politisk aktivitet, 1885–1922." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-54782.

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During the 19th century the European states experienced a new kind of threat to their existence. The military threats from other countries were now accompanied by civilian threats that inspired mass protest, terrorism and other menaces to the established order. In Sweden, these threats were mainly seen as connected to the rising labor movement and to a growing number of foreign citizens. The aim of the dissertation is to examine surveillance for national security carried out by the Stockholm Criminal Investigation Department and its Police Bureau between 1885 and 1922. Apart from examining what specific surveillance methods that were used, the dissertation gives an answer to the question why the surveillance was carried out, and why it was carried out the way it was. It also discusses how differences and similarities between the surveillance in Sweden and other countries can be explained and how the surveillance between 1885 and 1922 relates to the corresponding activities during the latter part of the 20th century. The main conclusions are that there was a lack of formal rules regulating the surveillance, and that it therefore was based on the following of routines. The bureaucratization process that characterized the period influenced the surveillance, which came to be performed as a bureaucratic machine, characterized by a tendency of expansion. This meant that the surveillance activities were constantly expanded and became more and more extensive. The expansion is connected to the surveillance phenomenon, which could be said to have an unlimited scope. Furthermore, it is suggested that this specific historic legacy has affected the development of Swedish security police activity during the second half of the 20th century.
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Chancerel, Pierre. "Le marché du charbon en France pendant la Première Guerre mondiale (1914-1921)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100142/document.

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La Première Guerre mondiale prive la France d’une partie des mines du Nord et du Pas-de-Calais, d’un grand nombre de mineurs et des importations de combustible allemandes et belges. En dépit des principes libéraux de la Troisième République, l’État, pour résoudre la pénurie, est conduit à intervenir de plus en plus dans la production, le transport et la commercialisation du charbon. À partir de l’été 1917, le ministre de l’Armement Louis Loucheur organise une administration spécifique, le Bureau national des Charbons, qui exerce la mainmise sur ce marché en regroupant les producteurs et les consommateurs, en fixant les prix et en réglementant la répartition. Après l’armistice, l’augmentation des prix anglais et la faible exécution des livraisons de charbon allemand rendent nécessaires le maintien du contrôle de l’administration. L’objectif du Bureau national des Charbons est alors d’unifier le marché national en essayant d’instaurer des prix de vente uniques sur tout le territoire. Mais en avantageant certaines catégories de consommateurs, il devient également un instrument de politique économique. Ce régime de guerre est supprimé brutalement au début de 1921. La France fait alors face à une crise industrielle de surproduction qui met fin à la pénurie et remet en cause l’intervention de l’État dans le marché
During the First World War, France loses some coalmines in Nord and Pas-de-Calais, a large number of miners and German and Belgian imports. Despite the liberal principles of the Third Republic, the French State intervenes more and more into the production, the transport and the commercialization of coal to fix the shortage. From summer 1917, the Minister of Armament Louis Loucheur settles a specific administration, the Bureau national des Charbons, which controls the whole market: it gathers producers and consumers, fixes prices and rules the repartition. After the Armistice, increased English prices and insufficient German deliveries impose on the administration to keep controlling the market. The Bureau national des Charbons aims to unify the national market with single sales price for the whole country. It also becomes an instrument of economic policy since it can give some advantages to specific categories of consumer. At the beginning of 1921, this war system is suddenly dismantled. France faces then an industrial overproduction crisis which gives an end to the shortage and questions the State’s market intervention
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Rovetta, Ornella. "Le Tribunal Pénal International pour le Rwanda comme source d'histoire?" Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209561.

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Ce travail est consacré au Tribunal Pénal International pour le Rwanda (TPIR), une juridiction ad hoc créée par le Conseil de sécurité de l’ONU le 8 novembre 1994.

Le fil conducteur de la thèse interroge la manière dont le Tribunal produit des archives. Comment une institution en devenir, produit-elle ses sources ?Cette interrogation entraîne deux questionnements :D’une part, comment analyser le devenir ou la constitution d’un Tribunal ?D’autre part, quelles sont, précisément, ces sources ?

Ces deux axes correspondent à la structuration de ce travail.

Dans la première partie, nous avons voulu mettre en exergue les débats et acteurs qui ont accompagné la création du Tribunal. En croisant les sources issues des archives des procès, des États, des organisations internationales ou des ONG, ainsi que par des entretiens, elle propose une entrée en matière concrète de l’histoire du Tribunal. Pourquoi crée-t-on ce Tribunal ?Quels sont les débats qui l’accompagnent ?Quels en sont les acteurs ?Ce retour sur les débats qui ont modelé le TPIR a permis de mettre en lumière un balisage du terrain judiciaire impliquant une grande diversité d’acteurs et de facteurs.

La deuxième partie, « Le procès Akayesu », propose une étude micro-historique du premier procès, débuté en janvier 1997 et clôturé en septembre 1998. Comment le procès a-t-il fonctionné au jour-le-jour ?Qui en sont les acteurs ?Comment s’est opérée la lecture judiciaire des faits qui se sont déroulés dans la commune de Taba, dont le bourgmestre, Jean-Paul Akayesu, était jugé ?Nous proposons dans cette deuxième partie un travail de contextualisation des sources issues du procès en interrogeant le dispositif et le formatage judiciaires qui sont à l’œuvre à tous les stades de la procédure. Par une approche fondée sur les archives judiciaires du procès, l’objectif est de mettre en lumière les différentes narrations et les dynamiques du procès. Si notre démarche a pris comme point focal ce premier procès, nous tentons constamment de le replacer dans un contexte élargi. Ce travail a voulu amorcer une ouverture vers l’étude d’autres procès, en mettant en exergue les ramifications de ce procès avec d’autres affaires. À travers cette contextualisation, nous avons également souhaité interroger, en historienne, la manière dont on peut se servir de ces sources. Nous avons en effet voulu aller au-delà de la critique des sources, afin de mettre en œuvre un essai d’histoire au plus près du terrain et portant sur la commune et la région concernées dans le procès.


Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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19

Rose, Kathryn Elizabeth. "The Long Reach of War: Canadian Records Management and the Public Archives." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6522.

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This thesis explores why the Public Archives of Canada, which was established in 1872, did not have the full authority or capability to collect the government records of Canada until 1966. The Archives started as an institution focused on collecting historical records, and for decades was largely indifferent to protecting government records. Royal Commissions, particularly those that reported in 1914 and 1962 played a central role in identifying the problems of records management within the growing Canadian civil service. Changing notions of archival theory were also important, as was the influence of professional academics, particularly those historians mandated to write official wartime histories of various federal departments. This thesis argues that the Second World War and the Cold War finally motivated politicians and bureaucrats to address records concerns that senior government officials had first identified during the time of Sir Wilfrid Laurier.
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20

李鎧光. "A Study of Shanghai’s Bureau of Social Affairs during the Chinese Civil War, 1945-1949." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37145261779865828907.

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博士
國立政治大學
歷史研究所
98
This thesis draws on archival data from Shanghai’s Bureau of Social Affairs (Shehui ju 社會局) to examine how this organization undertook its duties between October 1945 and April 1949 (the period of the Chinese Civil War), as well as its impact on the lives of ordinary citizens. Founded in July 1927, the Bureau was initially responsible for the registration of agricultural and industrial sectors, resolution of wage disputes, and compilation of business statistics. It was subsequently burdened with additional duties, including the oversight of civic organizations and social welfare institutions, examination of measurement tools, regulation of foodstuffs, and censorship of publications. The thesis begins with a discussion on the Bureau’s administrative structure and personnel. Director Wu Kaixian had the longest incumbency of all the staff members, and also served as a commissioner in the Executive Committee of the KMT’s City Party Office. In terms of the backgrounds of public servants who worked at the Bureau, the data collected indicates that in the year 1948 most were less than 49 years of age. Over half of the male civil servants had received various higher education degrees, while the most of the women merely had secondary educations. The staff members of the Bureau’s affiliated institutions were generally younger and had lower educational levels. The period covered by this study differed from the prewar years in witnessing fewer people with only preliminary educational background, while personnel changes became less relevant following the appointment of new Directors. The rest of the thesis centers on how the Bureau executed its authority and carried out its duties, with the subject matter being divided into the following four categories: 1) Censorship of newspapers, magazines, and news agencies; 2) Censorship of motion pictures and dramas; 3) Reconciliation of wage and labor disputes; 4) Governance of civic organizations. Three large-scale censorship campaigns involving newspapers, magazines, and news agencies were undertaken, but only the “General Censorship” from March to April 1949 witnessed proactive measures. In considering censored newspapers and magazines, it seems especially noteworthy that the latter publications were released more often than being transferred, which suggests that the Bureau did not have the authority to make final decisions. The reason given by the Bureau for banning certain newspapers and magazines from publication was usually “incomplete application procedure.” The quantity of such publications was even greater than those banned after publication. The Bureau’s process of re-examining motion pictures focused on the validity of licenses issued by the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The criteria of censorship adopted by theatres, box offices, and clubs placed greater emphasis on performance content, including scripts, voiceover, and program rundowns. Of 3,202 movies examined by the Bureau, only 28 failed to pass, with discouraging and unrealistic scenarios usually being deleted or modified. Most of the adopted scripts were somewhat dated, perhaps due to wartime lack of creativity and productivity. The adjustment of the labor wages was based on the product of the government-issued monthly cost of living index multiplied by salary levels of July 1937. Against the background of rising food prices, purchasing power parity proved relatively low, which rendered blue-collar workers less able to sustain their families and sparked increasing wage disputes. Such conflicts can be categorized by whether or not they resulted in strikes, with those triggering strikes numbering 589 and those that did not 5,521. Like Shanghai’s overall industrial structure, the textile industry led others in terms of such disputes. The Bureau did intervene by trying to promote reconciliation, yet it failed to prevent such disputes and resulting acts of violence. Civic organizations included employers’ associations, labor unions, and ordinary social groups formed by citizens. The number of all three kinds of organizations increased significantly during the four years of the Chinese Civil War. As can be seen in the case of the Cinema Association, the major point of conflict between Bureau and the Association centered on adjustments of ticket prices and the Association’s assuming responsibility for all kinds of charitable donations on a regular or temporary basis. The records reveal that the Bureau was not serious about the welfare infrastructure for laborers, and proved unable to control the grassroots organization of the labor unions. The Bureau could not prevent the Communist Party from exerting increasing influence over unions, but did dissolve them after police crackdowns and then attempted to reorganize them. The main issue with these civic organizations was that the Bureau was only in charge of registration yet proved unable to manage effective mobilization, a phenomenon that applied even to those organized by the KMT. In conclusion, the thesis argues that during the four years covered by this study, despite the fact that the Bureau was able to compile extensive sociological statistics and disseminate rules of law via its publications, its ability to execute policy decisions turned out to be far less effective. Moreover, the Bureau could not effectively suppress labor disputes and mobilize relevant civic organizations.
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21

Wang, Zhi-Kai, and 王致凱. "History of Taiwanese POW Camp Guards in British Northern Borneo in the Second World War: a Study Based on War Crime Trial Records." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/653k84.

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22

Lee, Ting-Yu, and 李庭瑜. "From the Bureau of Historical Data to the Bureau of Military History: the evolution of post war Taiwan military history of the system and its compile career (1946-1973)." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10147940574840140040.

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碩士
淡江大學
歷史學系碩士班
101
The history of political organizations as an important part of the Modern Military Staff Organization countries by the history of political organizations in various wars, summing up the history of war experience, reduce or prevent further before the error occurred, as a future battle of warning. Germany is the first set Modern Military Staff organizations of the country, the early 19th century, the Germans began to attach importance to study the history of war, in the late 19th century, world powers such as the United States, Japan, Russia, France and other countries of the Military Staff Organization began to set up the compilation of the relevant units of war history. China since ancient times, although historiographer responsible for the record of the official history, but did not specifically record information about the military history of the organization, are scattered about the military''s record in the the vast history books group or personal writings, until the late Qing Dynasty set Modern Military Staff Organization military consultative government, Chinastarted a unit specifically responsible for compiling the history of war. After the establishment of the National Government, the establishment of the Military Committee, which consists of Staff Committee (or the name of the General Staff, the General Staff Office), which shall be in charge of the responsibility to have a negative codification of war history, 1928 to the General Staff Headquarters, the Office of General Services of the Ministry responsible for the codification of war history, while also setting the "war history codification group", 1938, adapted for the military orders the Ministry, the first responsibility of the Office Search compiled the history of warfare, the second Office is responsible for search compiled enemy war history, also set the War History compilation Committee is responsible for search compiled Anti-Japanese War History. Post War, the reorganization of the Military Commission of the Department of Defense, the establishment of the responsibility of the Department of Defense the the Bureau of History Data is responsible for search compiled history of warfare, later renamed the purposes burst Bureau of Military History, 1949, because of the fit of the civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of the battle Cabinet downsizing staff, Bureau of Military History downsizing as Department of Military History. Department of Military History fewer posts than before, but Department of Military History at the period in the military "anti - communism resists Russia retake the mainland" the beginning of the stage, you need to edit a lot of the "bandits", landing and anti-landing, positive publicity to the National Government history books, because of the lack of preparation of personnel, and Chiang Kai-shek military senior increasing emphasis on the history of political education, learn functions due to the hope that by the history of governance, and strengthen the military and combat power of the spirit of the general population, July , 1957, Department of Military History the re-expansion the Bureau of Military History, the Bureau of Military History period, continue to implement an historian at the period of the business, the officers also increase or decrease, compared to Department of Military History still more; simultaneously because the implementation of an historian has long been accumulated many files, so the establishment of a "national army CRR, as the permanent preservation of the archives of the national army units. Later, in response to the needs of the national army to implement streamlined text, May 1, 1973, the Bureau of Military History l and the Bureau of Compilation and Translation merger for Bureau of military History Compilation and Trnslation Ministry. This paper studies time of the 1946 Department of Defense Bureau of Historical Data was established on May 1, 1973, until the Bureau of Military History and the Compilation and Translation Bureau of the Department of Defense history of the organization and powers of the prewar States military history political history of political organizations will be a little narrative. In this paper, can be divided into three parts, this article attempts to clarify the the prewar country''s military history political organization''s name, Responsibilities, compilation, first of all the national army during the history of political organizations name vary. Second, trying to clarify the post-war history of political organization evolved through the expansion, downsizing and re-expansion of reason, and description of the post-war country''s military history political organization the size of your organization, staffing, administrative systems, training systems and other systems; Third, trying to rebuild Before the war, the the codification history books of the post-war country''s military history political organization processes, methods.
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23

Lee, Shi-Ruei, and 李錫睿. "An Analysis of The Engineering Construction QualityInspection Records on The Projects of Soil and Water Conservation Bureau (SWCB) In The Years of2002,2003,2004." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76070519491727591191.

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碩士
逢甲大學
土木工程所
93
Construction engineering is a project of vital and lasting importance. Quality of construction engineering may be used as a measurement to verify a country’s development level. Especially quality of public construction directly affects people’s lives, properties, safety, and quality of living conditions. Hence, the authorities may adopt the construction quality review, held with objectivity and appropriate criteria, as a method to certify the effectiveness of construction engineering quality management. Council of Agriculture Executive Yuan conducts main construction partial acceptance in order to implement the regulation of construction engineering quality of the government parchment law. The Soil and Water Conservation Bureau (SWCB) enacted 「The Work Standard of Engineering Construction Quality Inspection」in 2000. Accordingly, examination of construction can be grouped into two parts: structural construction and paper review. The structural construction includes construction quality, structure sizes, material certifications, safety and health, environment protection… etc. On the other hand, paper review evaluated by a third-level quality control system. Results of review may be employed as important references for authorities to improve further operations relating not only in quality control of contractors but also in selection of excellent contractors. Therefore, construction quality would be enhanced through the implementation of authorities and contractors’ quality management. The quality examination and random testing information of SWCB from 2002 - 2004 are gleaned in this research. According to statistics results, current construction quality studies rarely discussing main factors leading drawbacks and unqualified constructions. Hence, level of authorities and supervisions prevent defects is suggested that might be revealed to reform construction quality in the future.
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24

McElrea, Holly. ""Keep holding on": the uses, continuing value, and enduring power of the records of the First World War." 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32226.

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Postmodern theory maintains that analyzing the history of archival material can enrich our understanding of archival methods over time and help us understand their effect on society. Examining various records of the First World War, from the perspectives of Britain, Canada, and Australia, from their creation to their uses today, demonstrates the lasting effect that these records have had on the memory of the war, and on our understanding of the past. During the war, records were largely used by governments and individuals for the war’s prosecution and the well-being of soldiers and civilians. The interwar period was faced with whether and how to preserve millions of government records as well as the need for governments, in particular, to use them to shape public opinion and international relations. Today personal First World War records such as letters, diaries, and photographs have taken centre stage and are used primarily for education, commemoration, and entertainment. Although these and other First World War records have increased in popularity in Britain, Canada, and Australia, archival institutions remain in the shadows. Nevertheless, the First World War centenary and the interest in the war's records allow an opportunity to address that problem. This thesis aims to provide greater awareness of the varied uses of the war's records across their histories in order to add to their value and thus demonstrate the importance of preserving archival records. It is hoped that this will help to garner much needed political, economic, and societal support for archival institutions.
May 2017
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25

Myers, James M. "The Bureau of Motion Pictures its influence on film content during World War II and the reasons for its failure /." 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/50743454.html.

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26

Wright, Denise E. "Civil War and Reconstruction welfare programs for Georgia's white poor the state, the Freedmen's Bureau, and northern charity, 1863-1868 /." 2005. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/wright%5Fdenise%5Fe%5F200505%5Fphd.

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27

LIN, MING-CHANG, and 林明昌. "To find out the characteristics of outpatients with high usage of medical resources using Central Region Branch of Bureau of National Health Insurance outpatients’ reimbursement records." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38250088894428834904.

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碩士
國立中正大學
資訊管理所
95
This study used literature review to select factors that influence outpatients’ to consume high usage of the medical resources. The target databases contains outpatients’ reimbursement records are used to select the needed attribute of the data for data mining. The characteristics of outpatients with high usage of medical resources and the correlation or rules related to their medical care seeking behavior can be used as reference for government to further counseling plans or for polices making.
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28

Jarnecke, Meaghan L. "Mobilizing Children to Aid the War Effort: Advancing Progressive Aims Through the Work of the Child Welfare Committee of the Indiana Woman's Council of National Defense and the Children's Bureau during World War One." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/20367.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
This thesis examines the motivations of the Woman’s Council of National Defense. It will examine how women in Indiana and Illinois organized their state and local councils of defense as they embraced home-front mobilization efforts. It will also show that Hoosier women, like women across the United States, became involved in World War One home-front mobilization, in part, to prove their responsibility to the government in order to make an irrefutable claim for suffrage. As a result of extensive home-front mobilization efforts by women, the government was able to fulfill its own agenda of creating a comprehensive record of its citizens, thus guaranteeing a roster of citizens eligible for future wartime mobilization. By examining the Child Welfare Committee and the Children’s Year in a broad view, this thesis supports the assertions of historians like Robert G. Barrows, William J. Breen, and Lynn Dumenil, who have shown how Progressive-minded women advanced Progressive reforms by embracing the war effort and using it to their own advantage.
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29

Muwati, Itai. "Interface of history and fiction : the Zimbabwean liberation war novel." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18686.

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The research examines the interface of history and fiction. It predominantly focuses on historical fiction on the Zimbabwean liberation war written in Shona, Ndebele and English and published after the attainment of political independence in 1980. Historical fiction on the liberation war is both biographical and autobiographical. Consequently, the study comes to the conclusion that historical fiction is a veritable stakeholder in the history issue in Zimbabwe. It becomes another type or source of history that cannot be papered over when dealing with the nation’s history. In a nation where liberation war history is not only taken seriously, but is also a vigorously contested terrain, historical fiction becomes part of those discursive contestations, particularly on nation and nationalism. It is in this regard that the study problematises the interface of history and fiction by reasoning that historical fiction published in the early 1980s largely advances a state-centered perspective which views history, nation and nationalism in positive terms. This discourse uses history in order to argue for a single nation that derives its identity from the heroic and symbolic guerrilla characters. Nationalism is exclusively presented as humanising and as being the sole legitimate political brand capable of leading the nation. On the other hand, historical fiction written in English and published in the late 1980s onwards represents alternative historical truths that contest nationalism and debunk official definitions of nation. This discourse leads to the pluralisation of perspectives on nation and nationalism. The focus on historical fiction published in three languages used in Zimbabwe is a conscious attempt to transcend ethnicity in critical scholarship. Discussing novels in Shona, Ndebele and English, which are the three main languages in Zimbabwe, makes it possible for the study to draw reasoned conclusions on the bearing of time, language, region and background among others on historical representation. This undertaking brings to the fore how literature responding to similar historical processes appears moderately conjunctive and principally disjunctive. Correspondingly, it also shows various trends in the development of liberation war fiction in Zimbabwe.
African Languages
D. Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)
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30

Wei, Chen Chih, and 陳志瑋. "The language policy and consciousness shape of Taiwan in the initial stage after World War II (August 15, 1945 to December 7, 1949)──The investigation target depends on the records of crossing era Taiwanese cultural workers." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51729199703765345077.

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碩士
國立臺北教育大學
台灣文學研究所
94
The purport of this thesis is to explore and discuss how Taiwanese cultural workers face and manage with the policy of official language during 4 years(August 15, 1945 to December 7, 1949) after World War II. It is also to discuss if this process of managing combined the consciousness of Taiwan and China with delicate change. The research method of this thesis is including the historical situation thread of thought, confirmable historical data and text analysis. It is to discuss the sublime words with deep meaning concealed in texts by Taiwanese cultural workers. The full text adds up to five chapters. Chapter one is the introduction. Narrating research motivation and purpose is at first. Secondly, it defines research range and explain the important noun. Then it describes the research method and introduction of historical data. It reviews of related research of Taiwan language policy at initial stage after World War II by present academic circles. Chapter two arranges politicization of language. It is to discuss how the language in the initial stage after World War II become a tool to scramble for power by officals and how Taiwan cultural workers fight in language policy. How to clear up the hegemony of China(mandarin) and distinguish the self and the other is also been discussed. Chapter three discusses how the literature activity tackles language policy, reflecting ideology. It explores the influence of language policy to literature activity and psychology of Taiwanese writer at first. Secondly, it explores the Taiwanese writer’s works, reflecting the language problems and the meaning between lines. Elucidating on the form of the works and relevant controversy is the last part, explaining how Taiwanese writers present their latent but not apparent consciousness of Taiwan by the works. Chapter four explores what is the role of language policy in country identification. It describes improper language policy is helpless in official China consciousness shape of nationalism construct. Instead, it leads the possibility of intensification of Taiwan identification. Chapter is the conclusion, stating improper language policy of initial stage after World War II and derived relevant problems which resulting in the consciousness shape of Taiwan fighting with China. In addition, it has deep meanings in formulation of “the law of national language development” while looking forward to every ethnicity Taiwan unitedly today.
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31

Pimentel, Soraia Cristina da Silva. "Emigrar em tempos de guerra: a emigração do distrito de Coimbra entre 1914-1918." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/27427.

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Dissertação de mestrado em História Contemporânea apresentada à Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra.
A presente dissertação estuda a emigração no distrito de Coimbra entre 1914 e 1918, ou seja, durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial. Numa primeira fase, o que se pretende é perceber este fenómeno em Portugal, através de estudos já realizados e, ainda, salientar os pontos positivos e negativos das fontes utilizadas para a elaboração deste trabalho. Faz-se também uma breve contextualização do nosso país e da região coimbrã nos começos do século XX. De seguida, inicia-se uma análise detalhada dos registos de passaporte e cartas de chamada referentes ao mesmo distrito, o que nos permite ter uma ideia da tipologia dos emigrantes, uma vez que a partir destas fontes ficamos a conhecer algumas das suas características (físicas, profissionais, familiares, níveis de literacia...), os destinos predominantemente escolhidos (Brasil), se viajavam sozinhos ou com as famílias e aspetos da nova vida do outro lado do Atlântico.
This dissertation studies the emigration in the district of Coimbra between 1914 and 1918, in other words, during the First World War. Initially, the aim is to understand this phenomenon in Portugal, through previous studies and also highlight the positive and negative points of the sources used for the preparation of this work. It also makes a brief contextualization of our country and the Coimbra region in the early twentieth century. Then begins a detailed analysis of the records of passport and call letters concerning the same district, which allows us to have an idea of the type of emigrants, since that, from these sources we get to know some of their characteristics (physical, professional, family, literacy levels ...), the predominantly chosen destinations (Brazil), whether traveling alone or with families and aspects of the new life across the Atlantic.
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32

Patterson, Brandy J. "A good investment: women and property ownership in a mid-twentieth century Canadian suburb, Oak Bay, British Columbia, 1940-1960." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/2682.

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This thesis situates women as stakeholders in Canada’s post-war suburban development in their roles as designers, builders, owners and investors. By 1949, 60 percent of properties in the Municipality of Oak Bay, a suburb of Victoria, British Columbia, were held in female ownership. Most women owned houses jointly with their husbands. Others owned houses, vacant lots, commercial buildings and investment properties solely in their name. To understand the role that women played in shaping the built landscape of this post-war Canadian suburb between 1940 and 1960, information for each female owned property, along with a 20 percent sample, was collected from the municipality’s 1949 property assessment roll. Results were matched with a Geographic Information System (GIS) to illustrate the spatial characteristics of these ownership patterns and building permit records were examined. In-depth interviews were conducted with eleven women who spoke about their own or a relative’s experiences as property owners.
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Severns, Christopher Ray. "A comparison of geocoding baselayers for electronic medical record data analysis." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3841.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
Identifying spatial and temporal patterns of disease occurrence by mapping the residential locations of affected people can provide information that informs response by public health practitioners and improves understanding in epidemiological research. A common method of locating patients at the individual level is geocoding residential addresses stored in electronic medical records (EMRs) using address matching procedures in a geographic information system (GIS). While the process of geocoding is becoming more common in public health studies, few researchers take the time to examine the effects of using different address databases on match rate and positional accuracy of the geocoded results. This research examined and compared accuracy and match rate resulting from four commonly-used geocoding databases applied to sample of 59,341 subjects residing in and around Marion County/ Indianapolis, IN. The results are intended to inform researchers on the benefits and downsides to their selection of a database to geocode patient addresses in EMRs.
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