Academic literature on the topic 'Bureau of Health Planning and Resources Development'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bureau of Health Planning and Resources Development"
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Xiao, Liping, and Yafang Huang. "Research on the Dynamic Mechanism of National Pharmaceutical Industry Chain." E3S Web of Conferences 218 (2020): 03020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021803020.
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This paper relies on the “China Health and Family Planning Statistical Yearbook” published by the National Bureau of Statistics. Analyzing the current development status of ethnic medicine, the driving force of the national medicine industry chain is the national medicine industry, especially the development of grassroots national medical institutions, and the core problem of solving the grassroots development is the construction of national physicians and the accelerated cultivation of national medical talents. Providing sufficient human resources to grassroots medical institutions is an important guarantee for the development of national medicine industry. Finally, on the basis of research, the development model of the national industrial chain of ethnic medicine was established.
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Carter, Sarah K., L. E. Burris, Christopher T. Domschke, Steven L. Garman, Travis Haby, Benjamin R. Harms, E. Kachergis, S. E. Litschert, and Kevin H. Miller. "Identifying Policy-relevant Indicators for Assessing Landscape Vegetation Patterns to Inform Planning and Management on Multiple-use Public Lands." Environmental Management 68, no. 3 (June 26, 2021): 426–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-021-01493-8.
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AbstractUnderstanding the structure and composition of landscapes can empower agencies to effectively manage public lands for multiple uses while sustaining land health. Many landscape metrics exist, but they are not often used in public land decision-making. Our objectives were to (1) develop and (2) apply a process for identifying a core set of indicators that public land managers can use to understand landscape-level resource patterns on and around public lands. We first developed a process for identifying indicators that are grounded in policy, feasible to quantify using existing data and resources, and useful for managers. We surveyed landscape monitoring efforts by other agencies, gathered science and agency input on monitoring goals, and quantified the prevalence of potential indicators in agency land health standards to identify five landscape indicators: amount, distribution, patch size, structural connectivity, and diversity of vegetation types. We then conducted pilot applications in four bureau of land management (BLM) field offices in Arizona, California, and Colorado to refine procedures for quantifying the indicators and assess the utility of the indicators for managers. Results highlighted the dominance of upland and the limited extent of riparian/wetland vegetation communities, moderate connectivity of priority vegetation patches, and lower diversity of native vegetation types on BLM compared to non-BLM lands. Agency staff can use the indicators to inform the development of quantitative resource management objectives in land use plans, evaluate progress in meeting those objectives, quantify potential impacts of proposed actions, and as a foundation for an all-lands approach to landscape-level management across public lands.
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Mahmood, Naushin, and Syed Mubashir Ali. "The Disease Pattern and Utilisation of Health Care Services in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 41, no. 4II (December 1, 2002): 745–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v41i4iipp.745-757.
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Health is an important aspect of human life. In general terms, better health status of individuals reflects reduced illnesses, low level of morbidity, and less burden of disease in a given population. It is widely recognised that improved health not only lowers mortality, morbidity and level of fertility, but also contributes to increased productivity and regular school attendance of children as a result of fewer work days lost due to illness, which in turn have implications for economic and social well-being of the population at large. Hence investing in health is vital for promoting human resource development and economic growth in a country [World Bank (1993)]. A view of Pakistan’s health profile indicates that the sector has expanded considerably in terms of physical infrastructure and its manpower in both the public and private sector. This has contributed to some improvement in selected health status indicators over the years. However, the public health care delivery system has been inadequate in meeting the needs of the fast growing population and in filtering down its benefits to the gross-root level. As such, Pakistan still has one of the highest rates of infant and child mortality, total fertility and maternal mortality when compared with many other countries in the Asian region [UNDP (2000)]. Due to low priority given to social sector development in the past and low budgetary allocations made to the health sector, the evidence shows that mortality and morbidity indices have not reduced to the desired level and large gaps remain in the quality of care indicators, especially in rural areas [Federal Bureau of Statistics (2000)].
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Zhou, Yong, Kaixu Zhao, Junling Han, Sidong Zhao, and Jingyuan Cao. "Geographical Pattern Evolution of Health Resources in China: Spatio-Temporal Dynamics and Spatial Mismatch." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 7, no. 10 (October 10, 2022): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7100292.
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(1) Background: The rational allocation of limited medical resources is the premise of safeguarding the public health. Especially since the outbreak of COVID-19, the evolution dynamics and spatial mismatch of medical resources have been a focal and frontier issue in academic discussions. (2) Methods: Based on the competitive state model and spatial mismatch index, this paper uses GIS and Geodetector spatial analysis methods and three typical indicators of hospitals, doctors, and beds to conduct an empirical study on the evolutionary characteristics and degree of mismatch in the geographic pattern of health resources in China from 2010 to 2020 (the data are from official publications issued by the National Bureau of statistics in China), in two dimensions of resource supply (economic carrying capacity) and demand (potential demand or need of residents). (3) Results: The spatial pattern of health resources at the provincial level in China has been firmly established for a long time, and the children and elderly population, health care government investment, and service industry added value are the key factors influencing the geographical distribution of health resources. The interaction between the different influence factors is dominated by bifactor enhancement, and about 30–40% of the factor pairs are in a nonlinear enhancement relationship. Hospital, doctor, and bed evolution trends and the magnitude and speed of their changes vary widely in spatial differentiation, but all are characterized by a high level of geographic agglomeration, heterogeneity, and gradient. Dynamic matching is the mainstream of development, while the geographical distribution of negative and positive mismatch shows strong spatial agglomeration and weak spatial autocorrelation. The cold and hot spots with evolution trend and space mismatch are highly clustered, shaping a center-periphery or gradient-varying spatial structure. (4) Conclusions: Despite the variability in the results of the analyses by different dimensions and indicators, the mismatch of health resources in China should not be ignored. According to the mismatch types and change trend, and following the geographic differentiation and spatial agglomeration patterns, this paper constructs a policy design framework of “regionalized governance-classified management”, in line with the concept of spatial adaptation and spatial justice, in order to provide a decision making basis for the government to optimize the allocation of health resources and carry out health spatial planning.
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Johnson, Kay A., and George A. Little. "State Health Agencies and Quality Improvement in Perinatal Care." Pediatrics 103, Supplement_E1 (January 1, 1999): 233–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.103.se1.233.
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The origin of the federal-state partnership in Maternal and Child Health (MCH) can be traced from the Children's Bureau grants of 1912, through the Sheppard-Towner Act, to the creation of Title V and other programs of today that mandate planning, accountability, and systems development. In the past decade with the transformation of the health care system and the emergence of managed care, there has been a resurgence of interest in public, professional, and governmental interest in quality measurement and accountability. Regional perinatal systems have been implemented in all states with varying levels of involvement by state health agencies and the public sector. This historical framework discusses two primary themes: the decades of evolution in the federal-state partnership, and the emergence in the last three decades of perinatal regional system policy, and suggests that the structure of the federal-state partnership has encouraged state variation. A survey of state MCH programs was undertaken to clarify their operational and perceived role in promoting quality improvement in perinatal care. Data and information from the survey, along with five illustrative state case studies, demonstrate great variation in how individual state agencies function. State efforts in quality improvement, a process to make things better, have four arenas of activity: policy development and implementation, definition and measurement of quality, data collection and analysis, and communication to affect change. Few state health agencies (through their MCH programs and perinatal staff) are taking action in all four arenas. This analysis concludes that there are improvements MCH programs could implement without significant expansion in their authority or resources and points out that there is an opportunity for states to be more proactive as they have the legal authority and responsibility for assuring MCH outcomes.
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Surya, Batara, Hernita Hernita, Agus Salim, Seri Suriani, Iwan Perwira, Yulia Yulia, Muhlis Ruslan, and Kafrawi Yunus. "Travel-Business Stagnation and SME Business Turbulence in the Tourism Sector in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic." Sustainability 14, no. 4 (February 19, 2022): 2380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14042380.
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The COVID-19 pandemic, apart from having an impact on public health, has also caused the stagnation of travel-bureau businesses and the management of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the tourism sector. This study aims to analyze the COVID-19 pandemic as a determinant of travel-business stagnation and turbulence in small and medium enterprises (SMEs), the influence of human resources, business development, and product marketing on the productivity of the travel and SME business, the direct and indirect effects of business innovation, economic digitization, and the use of technology on business stability and economic-business sustainability. This study uses an explanatory sequential qualitative–quantitative approach. Data were obtained through observation, in-depth interviews, surveys, and documentation. This study is focused on assessing the efforts made by travel-agency-business actors and SMEs in responding and adapting to changes in the business environment, both internally and externally. Human resources, business development, and product marketing together affect the productivity of travel agents and SMEs with a coefficient of determination of 95.84%. Furthermore, business innovation, economic digitization, and the use of technology simultaneously affect business stability with a coefficient of determination of 63.8%, and business stability affects the sustainability of travel and SMEs with a coefficient of determination of 67.6%. This study recommends a strategy for travel-agency-business sustainability and the stability of SMEs’ economic-business management towards increasing economic growth in the North Toraja Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
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Zhong, Sheng, Mingting Shi, and Qiang Xiao. "Spatiotemporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Population Growth Transition in China during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (November 7, 2022): 14602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142114602.
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At present, China has lost its demographic dividend. Meanwhile, in the face of the twin challenges of rising living costs and the uneven distribution of educational resources, the fertility intentions of ordinary people are rapidly declining. In the background, China’s latest birth incentive policy has not had the desired effect. Especially with the COVID-19 pandemic, these issues have become more complicated, making it more difficult to achieve policy goals. Analysis of changing characteristics and influencing mechanisms in China’s current stage of population growth is therefore significant. Such analysis can help improve China’s population structure and preserve the advantage of human resource endowment. In this paper, we use data from 2008, 2012, 2016, and 2020 as made available from the resources of China’s National Bureau of Statistics and National Health Commission. These included annual macro statistics, seventh census data, and COVID-19 pandemic data, allowing us to analyze the influencing mechanism of China’s population growth by using the Geographic Detector Model. The research revealed the dependency ratio as the primary factor influencing spatial differentiation of population growth in China, indicating that the dependency burden plays a role in inhibiting population growth. The secondary factor showed different changes in stages. At the same time, any two factors showed more substantial explanatory power after the interaction, meaning the spatial distribution of China’s population growth results from the joint influence of many factors. The strong interaction was mainly concentrated around the dependency ratio and were with women’s political participation and internet coverage. However, under the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the explanatory power of traditional factors was diluted, leading to a decline in the strength of interaction.
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Gupta, Neha, Lindsay Bearup, Katharine Jacobs, Eve Halper, Chris Castro, Hsin-I. Chang, and Julia Fonseca. "Stakeholder-Informed Hydroclimate Scenario Modeling in the Lower Santa Cruz River Basin for Water Resource Management." Water 15, no. 10 (May 16, 2023): 1884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15101884.
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The Lower Santa Cruz River Basin Study (LSCRB Study) is a collaborative effort of regional and statewide water management stakeholders working with the US Bureau of Reclamation under the auspices of the 2009 SECURE Water Act. The impacts of climate change, land use, and population growth on projected water supply in the LSCRB were evaluated to (1) identify projected water supply and demand imbalances and (2) develop adaptation strategies to proactively respond over the next 40 years. A multi-step hydroclimate modeling and risk assessment process was conducted to assess a range of futures in terms of temperature, precipitation, runoff, soil moisture, and evapotranspiration, with a particular focus on implications for ecosystem health. Key hydroclimate modeling process decisions were informed by ongoing multi-stakeholder engagement. To incorporate the region’s highly variable precipitation pattern, the study used a numerical “weather generator” to develop ensembles of precipitation and temperature time series for input to surface hydrology modeling efforts. Hydroclimate modeling outcomes consistently included increasing temperatures, and generated information related to precipitation responses (season length and timing, precipitation amount) considered useful for evaluating potential ecosystem impacts. A range of risks was identified using the hydroclimate modeling outputs that allowed for development of potential adaptation strategies.
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Atuhaire, Leonard K., Elizabeth Nansubuga, Olivia Nankinga, Helen Namirembe Nviiri, and Benard Odur. "Prevalence and determinants of death registration and certification uptake in Uganda." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (March 4, 2022): e0264742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264742.
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Death registration in Uganda remains extremely low, yet mortality statistics are vital in health policy, planning, resource allocation and decision-making. According to NIRA, only 1% of deaths are registered annually, while Uganda Bureau of Statistics estimates death registration at 24% for the period 2011–2016. The wide variation between the administrative and survey statistics can be attributed to the restriction to only certified death registration by NIRA while survey statistics relate to all forms of death notification and registration at the different sub-national levels. Registration of deaths is of critical importance to individuals and a country’s government. Legally, it grants administrative rights in management of a deceased’s estate, and access to social (insurance and pension) benefits of a deceased person. It is also essential for official statistics and planning purposes. There is an urgent need for continuous and real-time collection of mortality data or statistics in Uganda. These statistics are of significance in public health for identifying the magnitude and distribution of major disease problems, and are essential for the design, implementation, monitoring, and assessment of health programmes and policies. Lack of such continuous and timely data has negative consequences for the achievement of both national and Sustainable Development Goals 3, 11, 16, and 17. This study assessed the determinants of death registration and certification, using a survey of 2018–2019 deaths in 2,100 households across four administrative regions of Uganda and Kampala district. Multivariate–binary logistic regression was used to model factors associated with the likelihood of a death being registered or certified. We find that around one-third of deaths were registered while death certificates were obtained for less than 5% of the total deaths. Death registration and certification varied notably within Uganda. Uptake of death registration and certification was associated with knowledge on death registration, region, access to mass media, age of the deceased, place of death, occupation of the deceased, relationship to household head and request for death certificate. There is need for decentralization of death registration services; massive sensitization of communities and creating demand for death registration.
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Wul, Maoguo, Fan Jiang, Shiyan Xu, Jun Chen, and Kaika Liu. "A Tale of Two Land - The True Economic Costs of Land Use Projects." Tobacco Regulatory Science 7, no. 5 (September 30, 2021): 1753–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.5.100.
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Land use is an important part of the human-land system, which can provide huge ecosystem services. Land use changes also lead to changes in the value of ecosystem services. Considering primary production, maintaining carbon dioxide and oxygen balance, nutrient cycling, water conservation, soil erosion and other main services functions, this study establishes a land use ecosystem services value (ESV) estimation method based on the terrestrial ecosystem simulator (TESim) implemented for regional scales (TESim-R model) coupled with the Land Use and Land Cover Change (LUCC) model (the TES-LUC model). This ESV estimation model facilitates understanding the true economic costs of land use projects as it considers ecosystem services. This model can be utilized to calculate the ecosystem data of different types of land use by substituting in data of meteorology, vegetation, soil, and control attribute, and then evaluate the ESVs of land use according to different ecosystems. Following Constanza et al. (2007), this study classifies the ESV of an area into five categories: primary production, climate regulation, nutrient cycling, water conservation, and erosion control. Using the net primary productivity (NPP) output value simulated by the TES-LUC model as the basis, the ESVs of five categories can be calculated, respectively. The sum of the five ESVs yields the total ESV. This study introduces the model through the example of China. To test the model, two cost benefit analysis, one on a land use development project of a small community, and the other one on a large national project, are conducted. The effectiveness of the model is evaluated for both projects. This study first investigates the “Grain-for-Green” Project in Long County, Sha’anxi Province, China based on the remote sensing image of the county and the data published by the local bureau of statistics from 2000 to 2015. Using the model, this study calculates and analyzes the change of ESV in Long County during the study period. The results demonstrate that the area of woodland, construction land, and grassland increased in different proportion, among which the area of grassland increased the most at 15.15%. The increase in land area mainly came from the decrease in farmland, the reduced area of which is up to 6,055.40hm2. During the study period, the total ESV increased by 1.670×107 yuan, an increase of 0.52%. This is mainly attributed to the increase in the ESV of woodland and grassland. However, due to the sharp decrease in the area of farmland and water body, the NPP and the nutrient cycling function of Long County were affected, exhibiting decreasing ESVs during the period. Therefore, based on the model and results, this study puts forward policy implications for land use projects from perspectives of water resources. The model is further tested by evaluating the environmental costs of a large national land use project, the “Rapid Urbanization” Project of Yangtze River Delta, which is in the Outline of China’s National Land Planning. Using data of land use gathered from six terms of remote sensing image interpretation data of Resource and Environmental Science Data Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from 1990 to 2015, the results derived from the model find that rapid urbanization leaded to unbalanced transition among different types of land, which caused a significant loss of ESV. From 1990 to 2015, the ESV of Yangtze River Delta decreased from 171.701 billion yuan to 168.267 billion yuan. Moreover,among five E5V components, the loss in the ESV of soil erosion was the highest, which decreased by 1.518 billion yuan due to the violent transformation between farmland and construction land. As a concluding remark, this study proposes a series of implications for large land use projects from the perspective of planning, implementation, and management.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bureau of Health Planning and Resources Development"
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Setlhare, Itumeleng E. "Assessing the organizational support systems for human resources development in the chief directorate : strategic health progammes (North West Province)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20245.
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Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In order to enhance human resource development in the public service, the South African Government launched its first human resource development strategy in 2002. This strategy was implemented over a period of four years. It was subsequently followed by another strategy, called the Human Resources Development (HRD) Strategic Framework Vision 2015, which was published by the Department of Public Service and Administration (the DPSA) in 2008. One of the pillars of the latter strategy, which is also the focus of this study, is organizational support systems. The aim of this study was to determine whether the Chief Directorate: Strategic Health Programmes (CD:SHP) successfully implements, as designed in the departmental HRD plan, the three strategic interventions related to organizational support systems. The objectives were to – assess the alignment of the organizational support systems in the Chief Directorate with the overall departmental organizational support systems (as stated in the HRD plan); - identify factors that hamper proper implementation of the departmental organizational support systems in the Chief Directorate; and - propose key strategic interventions to ensure successful implementation of the departmental organizational support systems. The organizational support system pillar has eleven strategic interventions, but, due to resources constraints, only three were investigated. These are: - to promote effective human resource planning in terms of demand for skills and training in public sector organizations; - to strengthen structures, systems and processes for the performance management and development in the public service; and - to groom and foster in-house capacity through effective career planning and talent management in departments of government. The process/implementation evaluation approach, with semi-structured interviews and questionnaire, was employed for this study. A mixed methodology, which covered the breadth of the quantitative method and the depth of the qualitative method, was used in this study. The findings indicated that the CD: SHP is not successfully implementing the pillar as designed by the departmental HRD plan. Among others, the following were identified as responsible for poor implementation: - lack of policy, strategy or guideline on HRD; - understaffed HRD units; - lack of coordination and cooperation between and among the stakeholders responsible for HRD (e.g. Human Resource Management( HRM), Performance Management and Development System (PMDS) and line managers); and - abdication of the performance management responsibility vested in managers. Key strategic interventions proposed to remedy the situation, among others, include: - reviewing the structure of the HRD directorate and filling, as a matter of urgency, all vacant posts; - reviving the committee responsible for coordinating HRD activities; - implementing and coordinating all HRD activities, from the HRD directorate, aimed at developing workplace skills plans and the effective utilization of personal development plans; - developing the blueprint for succession-planning and staff-retention strategies; and - assuring that PMDS becomes one of the key performance areas of all supervisors and managers in the Chief Directorate and that, regarding non-compliance, consistent sanctions be applied across all levels.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Suid-Afrikaanse regering het in 2002 sy eerste menshulpbronontwikkeling (MHO)-strategie vir die staatsdiens in werking gestel om die uitbouing van dié hulpbron te bevorder. Hierdie strategie is oor ‟n vier jaar periode geïmplementeer en in 2008 opgevolg deur nog een, naamlik die Visie 2015 Strategiese Raamwerk vir Mensehulpbronontwikkeling (SRM), soos gepubliseer deur die Departement Staatsdiens en Administrasie (DPSA). Een van laasgenoemde strategie se steunpilare, wat ook die hooffokus is van hierdie studie, is organisatoriese ondersteuningstelsels. Die doelwit van hierdie studie was om te bepaal of die Hoofdirektoraat: Strategiese Gesondheidsprogramme (H:SG) sukses behaal met die implementering van programme, soos uiteengesit in die departementele MHO-plan se drie strategiese intervensies, veral met betrekking tot die organisatoriese ondersteuningstelsels. Die doel was om – te bepaal hoedanig die gerigdheid is tussen die organisatoriese ondersteuningstelsels in die Hoofdirektoraat en die algemene departementele ondersteuningstelsels (soos uiteengesit in die MHO-plan); - te identifiseer watter faktore behoorlike implementering van die departementele organisatoriese hulpsisteme in die Hoofdirektoraat belemmer; en - strategiese sleutelintervensies voor te stel wat suksesvolle implementering van die departementele organisatoriese hulpstelsels sal verseker. Die organisatoriese ondersteuningstelsel-pilaar het elf strategiese intervensies, maar, as gevolg van beperkings op beskikbare bronne, is net drie ondersoek. Hierdie intervensies is nodig om: - die beplanning van effektiewe mensehulpbronontwikkeling, in terme van die bestaande behoefte na vaardighede en opleiding in openbaresektor organisasies, te bevorder; - strukture, sisteme en prosesse vir prestasiebestuur en ontwikkeling in die staatsdiens te versterk; en - bestaande kapasiteit ten opsigte van mensekapitaal voor te berei, touwys te maak en te koester, deur effektiewe loopbaanbeplanning en talentbestuur binne regeringsdepartemente. Die proses/implementering evaluasie-benadering, met gedeeltelik gestruktureerde onderhoude en vraelyste, is vir hierdie ondersoek gebruik. ‟n Gemengde metodiek, wat die wydte van die kwantitatiewe metode en die diepte van die kwalitatiewe metode inspan, is vir hierdie studie aangewend. Die bevindings het aangedui dat die H:SG nie daarin slaag om die betrokke pilaar, soos deur die departementele MHO-plan ontwerp, te implementeer nie. Die volgende redes is, onder andere, geïdentifiseer as verantwoordelik vir die swak implementering: - gebrek aan beleid, strategie en leiding ten opsigte van MHO; - onderbemande MHO-eenhede; - gebrek aan koördinasie en samewerking tussen belanghebbendes (asook onderling) wat verantwoordelik is vir MHO (byv. Mensehulpbronbestuur (MHB), Prestasiebestuur en Ontwikkelingsisteem (PBOS) en lynbedtuurders); en - afstandoening van hulle prestasiebestuursverpligtinge wat aan bestuurders opgedra is. Strategiese sleutelintervensies wat voorgestel word om die situasie te herstel, sluit o.a. in: - die hersiening van die struktuur van die MHB-direktoraat en, as ‟n saak van dringendheid, die vul van alle vakante poste; - die herinstelling van die komitee verantwoordelik vir die koördinering van MHO-aktiwiteite; - die implementering en koördinering van alle MHO-aktiwiteite van die MHO-direktoraat, sodat vaardighede by die werkplek ontwikkel word en die effektiewe aanwending van persoonlike ontwikkelingsplanne plaasvind; - die ontwikkeling van ‟n bloudruk vir personeel opvolgbeplanning en strategieë om personeel te behou; en - die versekering dat PBOS een van die sleutel prestasie-areas sal wees wat alle supervisors en bestuurders in die Hoofdirektoraat sal toepas en, in geval van nalatigheid in hierdie verband, strafmaatreëls op alle bestuursvlakke toegepas sal word.
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Barton-Verdi, Michele A. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEMATIC DISCHARGE PLANNING PROCESS FOR THE CARE OF COPD PATIENTS IN A SMALL URBAN COMMUNITY HOSPITAL." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1623883152504604.
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Teixeira, Maria da Purificação 1960. "Vazios urbanos no contexto do ambiente promotor de saúde com foco no planejamento por microbacias hidrográficas para cidades brasileiras : proposta de roteiro de análise e classificação." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257907.
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Orientador: Antonio Carlos ZuffoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
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Resumo: É fato que a maioria das cidades brasileiras, atravessadas em suas áreas urbanas, rurais e até mesmo áreas protegidas, por rios, cresceram de forma desordenada ao longo destes cursos d'água. As razões para esta despreocupação com o patrimônio ambiental são históricas e encontram suas raízes em inúmeras condicionantes. Este trabalho não pretende abarcar tão vasta contextualização. Ocupa-se de identificar que este cenário de não ordenamento do território por um viés mais integral, tem legado ao País um passivo ambiental hídrico, mas também, um grande passivo social, decorrente da apropriação insustentável deste recurso natural. Emerge, então, antigo desafio administrativo e gerencial, prevalente no planejamento municipal brasileiro, relacionado ao binômio da apropriação dos recursos naturais x a qualidade de vida nas cidades. Partindo-se deste entendimento, é defendida a hipótese de que o passivo social deva ser incorporado de forma mais sistemática aos contextos decisórios municipais. E, favorecer que a tomada de decisão por parte das administrações municipais, tenha condições de incorporar medidas mitigadoras mais agressivas, também para esta modalidade de danos. Desta forma, defende-se a promoção da saúde no ambiente urbano como estratégia consensual de modo à melhor viabilizar políticas públicas municipais. O objetivo deste trabalho é relevar a apropriação dos vazios urbanos com foco no ambiente promotor de saúde, no escopo das microbacias hidrográficas. Esta hipótese é entendida como a possibilidade de encaminhar conciliação entre o planejamento estratégico e a participação da sociedade na tomada de decisão. A estruturação metodológica adotada na pesquisa consiste em proposição inovadora que integra a instrumentalização oriunda da pesquisa social à estruturação de problemáticas multicriteriais. Esta estruturação metodológica é apresentada como um potencial alternativa para a incorporação de dados qualitativos e quantitativos, em processos de tomada de decisão, que envolvem, simultaneamente, variáveis ambientais e sociais. O modelo proposto apresenta ferramental metodológico digno de destaque: construção de cenário investigativo; contexto investigativo; referencial teórico e conhecimento técnico da realidade; bases para discussão das linhas gerais de argumentação; bases para discussão das linhas específicas de argumentação; mapeamento cognitivo do contexto investigativo; estruturação de indicadores do ambiente urbano promotor de saúde; estruturação de escala de preferência dos indicadores do ambiente urbano promotor de saúde; bases diagnósticas da sustentabilidade socioambiental do uso e ocupação. Conquistou-se uma plataforma inédita de indicadores do ambiente urbano promotor de saúde no âmbito das cidades brasileiras. A pesquisa apresenta como resultado direto o aplicativo para a classificação de vazios urbanos com foco na promoção da saúde no ambiente urbano. Esta ferramenta permite também: a) classificação dos municípios brasileiros quanto às condições de saúde urbana; e b) qualificação da vulnerabilidade socioambiental de ambientes locais municipais. A pesquisa suscitou o desenvolvimento de plataforma teórica relacionada ao entendimento das microbacias hidrográficas urbanas enquanto unidades de planejamento. E, oferece ainda, contribuições relacionadas à abordagem metodológica para: a) estruturação de problemáticas que envolvam temáticas transversais; b) estruturação de visão de consenso para tratamento multidisciplinar; c) utilização integrada entre instrumental da pesquisa social e estruturação de problemáticas multicriteriais; e, d) inclusão mais efetiva da variável social no contexto decisório
Abstract: It is a fact that most Brazilian cities, traversed in its urban, rural and even protected areas by rivers, grew haphazardly along these waterways. The reasons for this lack of preoccupation with environmental patrimony are historical and are rooted in numerous conditions. The research is not intended to encompass this wide contextualization. The point is to identify this scenario for a more integral view, by considering that to our country, the legacy of water environmental liabilities, and also the great social liabilities, elapses from the unsustainable appropriation of this natural resource. Then, emerges, an old administrative and managerial challenge, prevalent in Brazilian municipal planning, related to the duet: appropriation of natural resources x quality of life in cities. Based on this understanding, is supported the hypothesis that social liabilities should be incorporated more systematically to municipal decision contexts. And encourage that decision-making by municipal administrations, is able to incorporate more aggressive mitigation measures, also for this type of damage. Thus, is advocated the promotion of health in the urban environment as a consensual strategy to better enable municipal public policies. The objective of this work is to reveal the urban unoccupied appropriation with focus on promotion of health in urban environment context, in the watersheds scope. This hypothesis is understood as an ability to reconcile strategic planning and society participation forward decision-making. The methodological structure adopted on the research is an innovative proposition that integrates instrumentation from social research and structuring of multi-criteria problems. This methodological structure is presented as a potential alternative to the incorporation of qualitative and quantitative data in decision-making processes, involving both environmental and social variables. The proposed model presents a prominent methodological tooling: investigative scenario; investigative context, theoretical and technical knowledge of reality; bases for discussion (general lines); bases for discussion (specific lines); cognitive mapping; indicators for promotion of health in urban environment; preference scale indicators for promotion of health in urban environment; occupation diagnostic bases of environmental and social sustainability. We have conquered a new promotion of health indicators platform for urban environment in Brazilian cities. The research presents as a direct result, the application for the classification of urban unoccupied. This tool also allows: a) classification of municipalities regarding the conditions of urban health; and b) qualification of the environmental and social vulnerability of local municipal environments. The research raised the development of theoretical framework related to urban watersheds as planning units. lso, features contributions related to the methodological approach: a) structuring problems involving wide thematic; b) structuring consensus view for multidisciplinary treatment; c) integrated use between instrumental from social research and structuring of multi-criteria problems; and, d) more effective inclusion for social variable in decision context
Doutorado
Recursos Hidricos, Energeticos e Ambientais
Doutora em Engenharia Civil
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Briney, Carol E. "My Journey with Prisoners: Perceptions, Observations and Opinions." Kent State University Liberal Studies Essays / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1373151648.
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Musonda, Kennedy. "Issues regarding sustainability of rural water supply in Zambia." Diss., 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1243.
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The purpose of this dissertation was to identify factors that contribute to the sustainability of rural water supply facilities (WSFs). Twenty-four interviews were conducted: 16 from rural communities and 8 from water supply agencies. Key findings are that in order to achieve sustainability of WSFs, there is need to ensure that (1) there is an effective community organisation; (2) communities have the ability to operate and maintain WSFs; (3) communities are able to raise adequate user fees for purchasing spare parts; and (4) that there is a strong backup support at the district level to carry out major repairs. Major threats to the sustainability of WSFs include high poverty levels in communities, weak institutional framework and inability of communities to handle major breakdowns.Social Work
M.A. (Social Work)
Books on the topic "Bureau of Health Planning and Resources Development"
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Montana. Legislature. Office of the Legislative Auditor. Report to the Legislature, Department of Health and Environmental Sciences Certificate of Need Program. Helena, Mont. (Room 135, State Capitol 59620): The Office, 1989.
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WHO Study Group on Implementation of Integrated Health Systems and Health Personnel Development., ed. Coordinated health and human resources development. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1990.
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Dr, Rodgers J., Nukuro E, and Solomon Islands. Health Planning Unit on Technical Advise., eds. National human resources development plan, 1990-1994. Honiara, Solomon Islands: Ministry of Health & Medical Services, 1990.
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Human resources development & strategic plan, 2005-2025. Lesotho]: Kingdom of Lesotho, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, 2004.
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World Health Organization. Study Group on Implementation of Integrated Health Systems and Health Personnel Development. Coordinated health and human resources development: Report of a WHO Study Group. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1990.
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National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, ed. Finding resources for healthy heart programs at work. [Bethesda, MD (P.O. Box 30105, Bethesda 20824-0105)]: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 1992.
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Center for Mental Health Services (U.S.), ed. Developing a stigma reduction initiative: Event planning, partnership development, outreach to schools and businesses, mental health resources, marketing to the general public, grassroots outreach. [Rockville, Md.]: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental Health Services, 2006.
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Organization, World Health, ed. The Role of research and information systems in decision-making for the development of human resources for health. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1990.
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Pucar, Mila, and Boško Josimović. Održivi razvoj banjskih i turističkih naselja u Srbiji. Beograd: Institut za arhitekturu i urbanizam Srbije, 2010.
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United States. Bureau of Land Management. Rawlins Field Office. Proposed resource management plan and final environmental impact statement for public lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management Rawlins Field Office, Rawlins, Wyoming. [Rawlins, Wyo.]: United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Rawlins Field Office, 2008.
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Panneerselvam, Balamurugan, Kirubakaran Muniraj, Maciej Thomas, and Nagavinothini Ravichandran. "GIS-Based Legitimatic Evaluation of Groundwater’s Health Risk and Irrigation Susceptibility Using Water Quality Index, Pollution Index, and Irrigation Indexes in Semiarid Region." In Groundwater Resources Development and Planning in the Semi-Arid Region, 239–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68124-1_13.
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Sood, Bulbul, Vineet Kumar Srivastava, and Nochiketa Mohanty. "Addressing the Urgency and Magnitude of the COVID-19 Pandemic in India by Improving Healthcare Workforce Resilience." In Global Perspectives of COVID-19 Pandemic on Health, Education, and Role of Media, 25–44. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1106-6_2.
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AbstractThe sudden surge in COVID-19 cases during the second wave highlighted India’s lack of preparedness for critical care requirements in terms of infrastructure and human resources. It is the need of the hour to make efforts to build resilient and responsive health systems that are well prepared to handle the current COVID-19 pandemic and similar future threats. The challenges in the healthcare system during the second wave of COVID-19 included overstressed human resources in tertiary facilities, lack of trained healthcare workers, inadequate infrastructure at secondary-level facilities, and a shortage of beds, ventilators, medicines, and other requirements for tertiary-level care. Other challenges were lack of resources/capacity for setting up intensive care units (ICUs), unutilized ICU equipment at secondary-level facilities, and lack of operational planning, coordination, and support. Through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) supported Reaching Impact, Saturation, and Epidemic Control (RISE) Program, Jhpiego is providing technical assistance in 20 states across India to respond to the urgency and magnitude of the second wave of COVID-19. It is identifying areas and modalities of implementation and aligning these to the country’s response to the surge. The project’s focus is on health system preparedness for present and future waves of COVID-19 including activities for strengthening critical care services, medical oxygen management, strengthening molecular testing laboratory, strengthening the health system to respond to future waves, and enabling effective planning and management of critical logistics. This is being done in coordination with the Government of India (GoI) and state governments and by involving both public and private sector/faith-based institutions and non-government organizations (NGOs).
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Alcantara, Gabriel, and Nelson J. Chao. "Administrative Support." In The Comprehensive Cancer Center, 85–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82052-7_10.
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AbstractA comprehensive cancer center is supported with an administrative infrastructure that facilitates the overall planning, management, and organization in the delivery of the center’s cancer care. This chapter explores the various administrative functions that are integral to the development and implementation of a comprehensive cancer center. Core administrative functions include, but are not limited to, strategic program planning and development, financial management, human resources management, operations management, space and facilities planning, compliance to regulatory and accreditation standards, and facilitation of access/intake functions for new patients entering the center for care. Depending on size of the cancer center and whether it is a freestanding institution, affiliated with an academic medical center, or part of a hospital or health system, the administrative infrastructure can vary in the extent to which operations are centralized versus decentralized. The optimal framework for administrative management can be scaled incrementally as the cancer center grows.
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Antolini, Fabrizio, and Antonio Giusti. "Tourism of Italians in Italy through crisis and development: the last 15 years, region by region." In Proceedings e report, 239–44. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-461-8.45.
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Tourism is a very important economic activity for many nations and Italy is among those that particularly benefit from it. In fact, even during the period of pandemic, despite the crisis, tourism in Italy proved to be a particularly resilient sector: among all European countries, Italy is the one that recorded the highest number of total tourist nights-spent. However, tourism statistics are not yet exhaustive in describing a highly variable phenomenon at the territorial level. Even the tourism satellite accounts, so useful for sectoral planning at regional level, are compiled for the whole country. Instead, the territories do not always know themselves, while the enhancement of landscape resources is one of the major issues that has not always been adequately analyzed; also in the recently approved Italian PNRR/Next Generation EU. In this article, we aim to examine the trend of the tourism phenomenon in the various Italian regions over the past 15 years; a period marked by crises of different origins (economic, political, health) which slowed down the economic development of the third millennium. In particular, given the problems mentioned above, we decided to start the research by considering the arrivals in hotels and non-hotel establishments by Italian tourists. The hospitality business is in fact an important part of the tourism industry. We expect domestic tourism to have greater stability, being less affected by international problems. We then examined the tourism of Italians in Italy, in the various regions, from 2006 to 2020. This analysis allowed us to observe the tourism phenomenon in Italy from a different perspective, observing, region by region, the relationship between tourism within the region and tourism coming from others regions. The choice of arrivals, instead of night spent, reduces the influence of the specific type of tourism in each region. The first results appear interesting.
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Tan, Oon Seng, and Jallene Jia En Chua. "Science, Social Responsibility, and Education: The Experience of Singapore During the COVID-19 Pandemic." In Primary and Secondary Education During Covid-19, 263–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81500-4_10.
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AbstractIn this chapter we first outline how the pandemic unfolded United Kingdom before highlighting the key thinking and strategies Singapore adopted in policy responses towards the crisis. The two key principles of Singapore’s approach, science, and social responsibility, contributed greatly to its success in handling the public health crisis. This chapter will elaborate on these principles and examine how these policies were carried out in the educational realm. We look at how Singapore relied on its strengths of proactive rational planning and execution to facilitate the transition to home-based learning (HBL) and the subsequent re-opening of schools. Concomitant with policies to address health and well-being for all students were strategies to ensure continuity of learning, student engagement, and innovation in the new learning environment. The use of online learning portals such as the Student Learning Space enabled all students from primary to pre-university levels to have equal access to quality curriculum resources. Professional development and preparation of teachers pertaining to facilitating new modes of learning were as important as implementation measures. Given the unexpected impact of the pandemic and the need for scalability there were also many challenges to ensure equitable access and holistic well-being for vulnerable groups of students. Looking forward, we discuss the implications of the pandemic on Singapore’s education scene, such as how it elevated core issues related to curriculum, pedagogy, and design of learning environments. We talk about opportunities for some of these issues to be addressed in policy and research, and how doing so can better build an adaptable education system for the twenty-first century.
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Burrell, Darrell Norman, Stacey Morin, Sharon L. Burton, Kevin Richardson, and Laura Ann Jones. "Invisible Disabilities in the Workplace Are a Significant Public Health Issue and How Employee Assistance Programs Can Be a Solution." In Advances in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development, 184–200. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-1380-0.ch011.
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Employment is a crucial factor in achieving economic security and self-sufficiency, yet individuals with disabilities often face significant barriers to accessing meaningful and gainful employment opportunities. According to the United States Census Bureau, individuals with disabilities are 65 percent less likely to be employed than those without disabilities. This discrepancy is due, in large part, to limited diversity, equity, inclusion interventions, and knowledge in the workplace on invisible disabilities. This chapter looks to explore the nature of this issue through management consulting intervention with a hospital with significant disability discrimination.
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Sadoux, Stéphane, and Cecilia Di Marco. "The British “Healthy New Towns” initiative: a step towards reuniting planning and health?" In Local Resources, Territorial Development and Well-being, 180–203. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781789908619.00019.
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"Human Resources Management." In Strategic International Restaurant Development, 34–51. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4342-9.ch003.
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This chapter presents the human resources department's critical role for foodservice operations, which are very labor-intensive by nature. The chapter introduces the reader to what it takes to be successful in human resources management, H. R. manager's role, and its role in the operation and its relationship with other departments. The content includes planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling in the context of H.R. management. Most importantly, it emphasizes the importance of knowing the federal equal employment opportunity legislation and the employee occupational safety and health regulations. It makes recommendations for developing training manuals, job descriptions, employee policy manuals, and applications. In addition, it proposes strategies as to how and where to recruit the best-qualified employees and retain them. Lastly, it shows practical examples of proficiency in forecasting human resources demand by using mathematical formulas and directions and makes the reader aware of the challenges and opportunities of the human resources manager.
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Griffin, Charles C., and Vincent B. Paqueo. "The development, growth, and distribution of public and private medical resources in the Philippines." In Health Economics Research in Developing Countries, 81–112. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192616203.003.0004.
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Abstract A striking feature of primary health programmes, and more generally of government health planning, is a failure to realize that the government is one among many providers of health services in developing countries.
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"OVERVIEW OF REGIONAL PLANNING AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT." In REGIONAL PLANNING AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT. FSH-PH Publications, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/futscipress182.
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This book consists of 11 chapters, with the first chapter as an introduction and ten chapters with different discussion focuses. This book summarizes various important aspects of regional planning and sustainable rural development. Readers will be taken through a journey that begins with a fundamental understanding of regional planning and the importance of sustainable rural development. Basic concepts such as regional planning objectives and steps are clearly explained. Next, this book discusses the important role of social capital in increasing community participation in planning. From social networks to trust, shared norms, and cooperation, all components of social capital are well explained. Natural resource management in rural areas is also important, emphasizing the balance between development policies and natural resource management. This also includes the importance of sustainable village development, which involves various aspects such as the economy, education, health, sustainable agriculture, clean water resources, renewable energy, and encouraging fair economic growth. This book provides a comprehensive view of the challenges and opportunities in regional planning and sustainable rural development, focusing on sustainability principles, community participation, and natural resource management. Keywords: Planning, Development, Sustainable
Conference papers on the topic "Bureau of Health Planning and Resources Development"
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Zia, Hanim Khalida, Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto, and E. Basyaruddin. "Human Resources (HR) Addition Planning for the Marketing Division Development and Marketing Strategy in Siti Hawa Padang Mother and Child Hospital." In 1st International Conference on Health Sciences and Biotechnology (ICHB 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.220303.013.
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Ito, Atsushi, Yuko Hiramatsu, Kazutaka Ueda, Yasunari Harada, Haruka Nakayama, Madoka Hasegawa, Miwa Morishita, Mie Sato, Akira Sasaki, and Rochaporn Chansawang. "Development of Tourism Resources Utilizing Healing Effects." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001802.
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This research aims to provide tourism information on the healing effects of forest bathing and power spots in response to the health consciousness of the After Corona and With Corona era. For this purpose, we will elucidate the following questions: "What exactly are the effects of forest bathing, and what brings about the healing effects? Specifically, by collecting and analyzing information that links brain waves and GPS location information, it will be possible to provide pinpoint information on which places and how much of a relaxing effect they have, such as where to go near a waterfall or under a huge tree. We will also elucidate the factors that bring about the relaxation effect and examine the possibility of reproducing the relaxation effect. Based on the results of these studies, we will improve the functions and performance of the Nikko Senjogahara guide application that we have been developing for seven years. Regarding measuring the effects of forest bathing, measuring the amount of cortisol at the beginning and the end of the bath is common. However, in that case, we can know the effects as an area; however, it is not easy to provide pinpoint information on which place and how much relaxation is good, for example, near a waterfall here or there, or under this huge tree. In addition, research on the default mode network, the idle state of the brain, has been progressing in recent years. When relaxing by taking a forest bath and paying attention to the inner world, a state of mind-wandering (thinking about many things in a daze) is created, which is expected to activate the default mode network. As a result, it is expected that memories in various parts of the brain under the conscious mind will be connected, and the brain will be in a state where creativity can be easily exercised. Suppose forest bathing or strolling promotes the activation state of the default mode network. In that case, we can measure the effect by continuously measuring EEG and know if there is any difference depending on the location. Once the location can be identified, it is possible to know which of the five senses of information are effective at that location, whether it is auditory, olfactory, or tactile. From this, we can expect to know the elements, such as the sound of water, wind, leaves rubbing, the scent of the trees, and the spray of wind and water, that bring about the effects of forest bathing. For that purpose, we have been developing a wearable EEG sensor with a startup. From the test on our campus using that EEG sensor, we had an interesting result. For example, α wave was increased around a fountain, and β wave was increased when taking photos. In 2022, we are planning to start collecting and analyzing EEG data and location data in Senjogahara and investigating the relationship between them.
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Pradana, Cerry Surya, Novi Siti Kussuji Indrastuti, Susetyo Hario Putero, and Rustamaji. "Designing Development Model of Healing Tourism in the Pakembinangun." In 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable Development. AIJR Publisher, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.151.14.
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Based on the 2020 Community Service Program (KKN) team analysis, Pakembinangun Village has been planning tourism village development. Pakembinangun Village has yet to be visited by tourists visiting Kaliurang, even though it has natural resources suitable for tourism. The village also has complete health facilities and has long been known as a place of healing. Based on this analysis, healing tourism was chosen as the focus program. Healing tourism utilizes the potential of natural, artificial, and human resources to treat and improve physical, mental, spiritual, and social health. At present, truly holistic healing tourism has yet to be founded in Indonesia. This healing tourism development program aims to increase economic growth, improve people's welfare, increase business opportunities for the community, increase community involvement, build financial independence, and utilize natural and cultural resources. To achieve this goal, several methods used were observation, interviews, literature study, Focus Group Discussion, socialization, and student involvement through KKN. A growth center strategy model was used to realize this idea. The initial development strategy centered on one location (growth center) will spread growth to secondary and tertiary areas (production centers). Integrating governance for developing growth and production centers will produce a multiplier effect regarding quality, quantity, and sustainability. In addition, this strategic model will also encourage the emergence of superior product innovations in growth and production centers. The community involvement model is used to develop the services in Wijayakusuma Healing Park. The existence of these services opens up community business opportunities. It increases village incomes through visitor fees, healthy drinks, and food production by Farmer's Women Group or Kelompok Wanita Tani, tour guides, administrative officers, health checkers, gymnastics instructors, masseurs, accommodation provision, dance, etc.
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HOXHOLLI, Emi, and Donika KËRÇINI. "Economic and social rights enjoyment in Albania: Literature Review and Conceptual Framework." In ISSUES OF HOUSING, PLANNING, AND RESILIENT DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRITORY Towards Euro-Mediterranean Perspectives. POLIS PRESS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37199/c41000106.
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Economic and social rights have been affirmed since 1976 in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights but the globalization, huge economic differences, and financial and health crises that hap- pened during the last decade have brought them into focus. Economic and social rights include the rights to adequate housing, education, health, work and food. These rights belong to every human being, regardless of age, sex, nationality, ethnicity, religion, race, wealth or any other status. Recognition and respect of these rights is today a challenge for all defenders of human rights, such as institutions, NGOs and academics. A human rights economy places people and the planet at the heart of the economic policies, investment decisions, consumer choices and business models and this will help in completing the ambition of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (Türk,2023). Ten years ago, the World Bank in collaboration with the Human Rights Measurement Initiative developed the economic and social rights performance score, in order measure how effectively countries use their economic resources to ensure the fulfilment of economic and social rights. But which is the status of Albania regarding the economic and social rights? If we refer to data provided by People’s Advocate, the Albanian NHRI, in 2021 there were 32 complaints about non-adequate housing, 101 complaints for education, 97 complaints for healthcare, 51 complaints regarding the right to work and 72 complaints for non-adequate food. Comparing these figures with the total number of 1,630 complaints about human rights violations is clear that they are very low due to the fact that individuals are not aware of having these rights and don’t fight to be part of the policymaking.
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Rudder, Marc, Derval Barzey, Amy Ramlal, Shaleni Gopie, and Ronald Alfred. "An Assessment of and Proposed Updates to the National Oil Spill Contingency Plan of Trinidad and Tobago Based on the Readiness Evaluation Tool for Oil Spills." In SPE Trinidad and Tobago Section Energy Resources Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200965-ms.
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Abstract The Ministry of Energy and Energy Industries assessed the National Oil Spill Contingency Plan of Trinidad and Tobago (NOSCP, 2013) for its effectiveness as a preparedness and response mechanism. Using the Readiness Evaluation Tool for Oil Spills (RETOS™), the NOSCP attained a score of 42% in the Level A Assessment. Gaps were identified in areas including National Legislation, Risk Management, Logistics, Training and Exercises, and Operational Response. Further, lessons learned from past spills were examined to highlight deficiencies in oil spill response (OSR) planning and readiness. Proposed updates to the NOSCP include: designation of appropriate Lead Agency depending on the nature of the spill scenario, mandating Oil Spill Risk Assessments, and the use of SIMA as a decision-making tool for oil spill response; development of comprehensive guidelines for Dispersant Use, Oiled Wildlife Response and Oil Spill Waste Management. The NOSCP is being re-designed to facilitate a national response management system that meets best management practice for oil spill contingency planning. This will enable the efficient and effective deployment of the appropriate resources (equipment, expertise and oversight) to mitigate impacts to human health and the environment, and minimize production down time and socio-economic costs.
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Celuppi, Ianka Cristina, Célio Luiz Cunha, Jades Fernando Hammes, Felipe Nedel Mendes De Aguiar, Raul Sidnei Wazlawick, and Eduardo Monguilhott Dalmarco. "Strategic Action "O Brasil Conta Comigo": Development of a tool for managing professionals willing to act in the fight against COVID-19." In Anais Estendidos do Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Multimídia e Web. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/webmedia_estendido.2021.17621.
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When the Covid-19 pandemic began, it was up to the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MS) to produce a nationwide health policy, organizing and planning strategies to mitigate health problems related to the SARS-CoV2 infection. In this context, and in cooperation with the Bridge Laboratory at UFSC, they developed a tool for the strategy "O Brasil Conta Comigo" (Brazil counts on me) in order to assist health managers to cope with the deficit in the hiring of human resources. An application was developed in record time that allowed the voluntary registration of health professionals willing to act in health care to deal with Covid-19. Thus, it was possible to increase agility in the process of hiring health professionals in several regions of the country, as well as in the production of the largest self-declaratory database of health professionals in Brazil.
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Liu, Chengcheng. "Strategies on healthy urban planning and construction for challenges of rapid urbanization in China." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/subf4944.
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In the past 40 years, China has experienced the largest and fastest urbanization development in the world. The infrastructure, urban environment and medical services of cities have been improved significantly. The health impacts are manifested in the decrease of the incidence of infectious diseases and the significant increase of the life span of residents. However, the development of urbanization in China has also created many problems, including the increasing pollution of urban environment such as air, water and soil, the disorderly spread of urban construction land, the fragmentation of natural ecological environment, dense population, traffic congestion and so on. With the process of urbanization and motorization, the lifestyle of urban population has changed, and the disease spectrum and the sequence of death causes have changed. Chronic noncommunicable diseases have replaced acute infectious diseases and become the primary threat to urban public health. According to the data published by the famous medical journal The LANCET on China's health care, the economic losses caused by five major non-communicable diseases (ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, breast cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) will reach US$23 trillion between 2012 and 2030, more than twice the total GDP of China in 2015 (US$11.7 trillion). Therefore, China proposes to implement the strategy of "Healthy China" and develop the policy of "integrating health into ten thousand strategies". Integrate health into the whole process of urban and rural planning, construction and governance to form a healthy, equitable and accessible production and living environment. China is building healthy cities through the above four strategies. The main strategies from national system design to local planning are as follows. First of all, the top-level design of the country. There are two main points: one point, the formulation of the Healthy China 2030 Plan determines the first batch of 38 pilot healthy cities and practices the strategy of healthy city planning; the other point, formulate and implement the national health city policy and issue the National Healthy City. The evaluation index system evaluates the development of local work from five aspects: environment, society, service, crowd and culture, finds out the weak links in the work in time, and constantly improves the quality of healthy city construction. Secondly, the reform of territorial spatial planning. In order to adapt to the rapid development of urbanization, China urban plan promote the reform of spatial planning system, change the layout of spatial planning into the fine management of space, and promote the sustainable development of cities. To delimit the boundary line of urban development and the red line of urban ecological protection and limit the disorderly spread of urban development as the requirements of space control. The bottom line of urban environmental quality and resource utilization are studied as capacity control and environmental access requirements. The grid management of urban built environment and natural environment is carried out, and the hierarchical and classified management unit is determined. Thirdly, the practice of special planning for local health and medical distribution facilities. In order to embody the equity of health services, including health equity, equity of health services utilization and equity of health resources distribution. For the elderly population, vulnerable groups and patients with chronic diseases, the layout of community health care facilities and intelligent medical treatment are combined to facilitate the "last kilometer" service of health care. Finally, urban repair and ecological restoration design are carried out. From the perspective of people-oriented, on the basis of studying the comfortable construction of urban physical environment, human behavior and the characteristics of human needs, to tackle "urban diseases" and make up for "urban shortboard". China is building healthy cities through the above four strategies. Committed to the realization of a constantly developing natural and social environment, and can continue to expand social resources, so that people can enjoy life and give full play to their potential to support each other in the city.
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Hajlasz, Maria, and Bozena Mielczarek. "A simulation-based framework for planning dental caries prevention programmes." In 38th ECMS International Conference on Modelling and Simulation. ECMS, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.7148/2024-0105.
Full textAbstract:
Supporting the management of preventive disease programmes is crucial to maintaining public health. Dental caries, a bacterial disease, can be successfully prevented through proper selection and planning of preventive measures adapted to available resources. Particularly useful in planning prevention programmes are simulation methods. The conducting of simulation studies is well documented in the literature. One of the stages involves conceptualizing a model, specifically tailored for a particular system and purpose. Consequently, there are no universal guidelines for its conceptualization. The article proposes a simulation framework for modelling the effectiveness of health programmes to prevent dental caries in school-aged children. Through simulation experiments, it would be possible to study the impact of a specific structure of a prevention programme on the development of dental caries in children, assuming that the programme is in effect throughout several years of primary schooling. The developed framework can be a good starting point for building a simulation model, based on which it would be possible to choose the appropriate programme for the population. This article is part of ongoing research and partially summarizes the stage of conducting simulation research, as previously described in Hajłasz and Mielczarek (2022a, 2022b, 2024).
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Rantala, Minna, Maria Lindholm, Sari Tappura, and Jouni Kivistö-Rahnasto. "Identifying occupational health and safety risk assessment development needs in Finnish case companies." In 5th International Conference on Human Systems Engineering and Design: Future Trends and Applications (IHSED 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004141.
Full textAbstract:
Risk assessment is a key tool in occupational safety work at workplaces. A systematic risk assessment can be used to meet the statutory obligation to determine and assess the hazard and risk factors for the safety and health of employees in companies of all sizes. Furthermore, by developing risk assessments, workplaces can reduce accidents and improve the safety and healthiness of working conditions. Since a lot of time and resources are used for risk assessment at workplaces, the assessment should be efficient and successful. With risk assessment, companies can simultaneously improve job productivity and competitiveness and support the preservation of workers' ability to work. Previous studies have suggested that risk assessment development needs include, for example, the development of resourcing and improvement of communication, competence and knowledge. This study aims to produce knowledge of Finnish workplaces' risk assessment development needs related to safety and health at work in order to better meet the company's own needs. The material was acquired with a new questionnaire that aids organizations in finding out personnel's perceptions of the practices and development needs of occupational safety risk assessment. Based on the responses, development targets can be identified, and risk assessment skills in different parts of an organization can be compared. The questionnaire can be used to determine, for example, whether the objectives of risk assessment have been understood within an organization. The questionnaire includes both closed and open-ended questions. The open-ended questions clarify previous selections and for example, suggest ways to arrange training to an organization. The questionnaire was part of a larger project, and the questions were based on previous phases of the project. Four companies piloted the questionnaire. After receiving feedback, a few modifications were made. The process and methods of creating the questionnaire will be described in more detail in the article. The final questionnaire was sent to three organizations. The first is a part of a public organization, the second is a private company in the transport sector, and the third organization provides maintenance services for industrial companies. The companies' contact persons forwarded the link to the questionnaire respondents, and 348 responses were received. The results were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The revealed development needs generally concerned, among others, the planning of risk assessment, which includes for instance risk assessment goals and frameworks planned by the organizations. Regarding the definition of measures, the determination of risk assessment and management was raised. In addition, communication about the progress of the determined measures, going through the risk assessment with the employees, giving feedback to those conducting the assessment, and clearly documenting the results were among the identified development needs. Next, a practical model for workplaces to develop their occupational health and safety risk assessments will be developed.
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Erigüç, Gülsün. "Density and Number of Physicians in Turkey for the Period of 2002-2012: An Evaluation of Macro Health Manpower Planning." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01002.
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Health care delivery requires a sufficient number of manpower. It is recognized that the shortage of health workforce is the most important issue for the health sector. Health manpower distribution should be in a balanced across the country. National human resources for health policies require evidence-based planning. Health manpower planning involves issues such as planning, employment and management of workforce. The main objectives of this study are determine physician numbers, compare the data to OECD and other countries, distribution of physicians, proportion of health employees to each other. The main criteria used in health manpower planning are that the numerical situation of manpower, while the other is distinguishes of manpower according to the regions, provinces and institutions. The Ministry of Health of Turkey Health Statistics Year Books (last one published in 2013 for 2012 data) and the other statistics were used for obtaining data. In Turkey, physicians total has increased by 41,1%, in this period. Specialist physician increased by 54, 2%, general practitioner 25, 8%, medical residents 33, 4%. In 2002, 62, 4% of physicians total were working in the Ministry of Health while 21.9% universities, 15.7% private sector. In 2012, 56.8% of physicians total were working in the Ministry of Health, 20.8% universities, 22.4% private sector. In 2002, Turkey had 139 physicians per 100.000 populations while the number is 172, in 2012. According to the tenth five-year development plan, the number of physicians per 100.000 people are estimated to be 176 for 2013, while 193 for 2018.
Reports on the topic "Bureau of Health Planning and Resources Development"
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Parsons, Helen M. Nutrition as Prevention for Improved Cancer Health Outcomes. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer260.
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Objective. To understand the evidence base for nutrition interventions delivered prior to or during cancer treatment for preventing and treating negative cancer and cancer treatment–related outcomes among individuals with or at risk for malnutrition. The primary purpose was to inform the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Pathways to Prevention workshop Nutrition as Prevention for Improved Cancer Health Outcomes, held July 26–28, 2022. Data sources. We searched Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify studies from 2000 through July 2022. We conducted grey literature searches to identify additional resources relevant to the associated costs or value (e.g., cost-effectiveness, cost-benefit) of nutrition interventions. Review methods. The review was guided by a set of Key Questions established by the NIH planning committee for the Nutrition as Prevention for Improved Cancer Health Outcomes workshop. We searched for studies that evaluated a broad range of nutrition interventions (e.g., dietary supplements, nutrition support, nutrition counseling) for preventing and treating negative outcomes of cancer and cancer-related treatment. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with enrollment ≥50 participants. We extracted basic study information from all eligible studies, then grouped studies by broad intervention and cancer types. We provide a detailed evidence map for all included studies, but conducted risk of bias and additional qualitative descriptions of outcomes for only those intervention and cancer types with a larger volume of literature. Results. We identified 9,798 unique references, with 206 studies from 219 publications reporting RCTs of nutrition interventions to potentially improve negative outcomes of cancer and cancer-related treatment. Two decades of randomized trial evidence on nutrition interventions for adults prior to and/or during cancer treatment primarily focused on dietary supplements, nutrition support (including oral nutrition supplements), and the route or timing of nutrition interventions for gastrointestinal and head and neck cancers in the inpatient setting. Most studies evaluated changes in body weight/composition, adverse events, length of hospital stay, and quality of life. Few studies were conducted within the U.S. setting. Among intervention and cancer types with a high volume of literature (n=114), which predominantly included studies in dietary supplements and nutrition support in gastrointestinal and head and neck cancers, 11 percent (n=12) were rated as low risk of bias (higher quality), 40 percent (n=46) medium risk of bias, and 49 percent (n=56) high risk of bias (lower quality). Low and medium risk-of-bias studies reported mixed results on the effect of nutrition interventions across cancer and treatment-related outcomes. Although the evidence map shows a large volume of studies evaluating nutrition interventions and outcomes, these studies showed high heterogeneity across study populations, interventions, and outcomes (measure definitions, timing of measurements), even within nutrition intervention categories; as a result, we could not aggregate results. While studies enrolled individuals from multiple cancer types, treatments, and stages, across the lifespan, with varying degrees of muscle wasting, and in those with a range of comorbid conditions, no eligible studies specifically evaluated whether the effects of nutrition interventions on preventing negative outcomes varied across these characteristics. Among studies included in our Key Questions, we found that few (4%, n=8) published cost or value (e.g., cost-effectiveness, cost-benefit) information related to the intervention. In our grey literature search of additional studies examining cost or value of nutrition interventions, we found few studies that conducted cost-effectiveness or cost-benefit analyses; among those that did, we found the studies were conducted in non-U.S. health systems and demonstrated mixed results on the value of nutrition interventions. Conclusions. Although overall RCT evidence focused on a wide range of nutrition interventions, studies were concentrated in use of dietary supplements, nutrition support, and the route or timing of nutrition interventions within gastrointestinal and head and neck cancers in inpatient settings. Among interventions with the highest volume of literature, the majority of studies were rated as high risk of bias. Our findings point to the need for rigorous new research to bolster the evidence base. Specifically, the field needs a more detailed future evaluation of a subset of nutrition interventions contained in this evidence map that focuses on priorities most relevant to specific stakeholders (e.g., oncologists, patients, dietitians, researchers, policymakers). Further, studies should be specifically designed to evaluate the main outcomes of interest for clinical practice. Future research would also benefit from creation of standardized taxonomies for interventions and outcomes as well as more rigorous design and reporting of nutrition interventions. As mentioned, heterogeneity of populations, interventions, comparators, and outcomes precluded aggregation. Currently, the quality and heterogeneity of the studies limit translation of findings into clinical practice or guidelines. In order to inform development of these guidelines, coordinated efforts are required to develop detailed conceptual frameworks for mechanisms of nutrition interventions most relevant to clinical care providers and patients. Such frameworks would help inform priorities for future research as well as guide practice and policy.
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Khan, Mahreen. Public Financial Management and Transitioning out of Aid. Institute of Development Studies, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.145.
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This rapid review found an absence of literature focused specifically on measuring the impact of PFM and governance systems in countries that have transitioned from aid, by moving up the income ladder. However, there are a few academic publications and a limited number of studies by multilateral, such as the World Bank, that examine the role of PFM and governance systems in countries that are transitioning or have moved away from aid. However, the importance of public financial management (PFM) and governance systems in development is well established and seen as a pre-requisite for economic growth. To effectively transition from aid, most low-income countries (LICs) need to upgrade their PFM and governance systems to meet the different scale, resources, accountability mechanisms, and capacity-building requirements of a middle-income country (MIC). The absence of the above empirical evidence may be due to the complexity of measuring the impact of PFM reforms as the results are non-linear, difficult to isolate from other policies to establish causality, and manifest in a longer time frame. However, through comparative country studies, the consequences of deficient PFM and governance have been well documented. So impaired budgetary planning, implementation, and reporting, limited fiscal transparency, weak accountability mechanisms, resource leakage, and inefficient service delivery are well recognised as detrimental to economic growth and development. The literature on transitioning countries focuses predominantly on the impact of aid withdrawal on the social sector, where comparative qualitative data is easier to obtain and the effects are usually more immediate, visible, and may even extend to global health outcomes, such as in AIDS prevention programmes. Thus, tracking the progress of donor-assisted social sector programmes is relatively easier than for PFM and governance reforms. The literature is more abundant on the overall lessons of transitions from aid both for country governments and donors. The key lessons underscore the importance of PFM and governance systems and mechanisms to a successful transition up the income ladder: Planning for transition should be strategic, detailed and specifically geared to mitigate against risks, explicitly assessing the best mix of finance options to mitigate the impact of aid reduction/withdrawal on national budgets. The plan must be led by a working group or ministry and have timelines and milestones; Where PFM and governance is weak transition preparation should include strengthening PFM especially economic and fiscal legislation, administration, and implementation; Stakeholders such as donor partners (DPs) and NGOs should participate in the planning process with clear, open, and ongoing communication channels; Political and economic assessments in the planning and mid-term phases as well as long-term monitoring and evaluation should be instituted; Build financial, technical, and management capacity throughout the plan implementation This helpdesk report draws on academic, policy, and grey sources from the previous seven years rather than the usual K4D five-year window, to account for the two-year disruption of COVID-19. As cross-country studies on PFM and governance are scarce, a few older studies are also referenced to ensure a comprehensive response to the query. The report focuses on low-income countries transitioning from aid due to a change in status to lower-middle-income countries.
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Idris, Iffat. Increasing Birth Registration for Children of Marginalised Groups in Pakistan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.102.
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This review looks at approaches to promote birth registration among marginalised groups, in order to inform programming in Pakistan. It draws on a mixture of academic and grey literature, in particular reports by international development organizations. While there is extensive literature on rates of birth registration and the barriers to this, and consensus on approaches to promote registration, the review found less evidence of measures specifically aimed at marginalised groups. Gender issues are addressed to some extent, particularly in understanding barriers to registration, but the literature was largely disability-blind. The literature notes that birth registration is considered as a fundamental human right, allowing access to services such as healthcare and education; it is the basis for obtaining other identity documents, e.g. driving licenses and passports; it protects children, e.g. from child marriage; and it enables production of vital statistics to support government planning and resource allocation. Registration rates are generally lower than average for vulnerable children, e.g. from minority groups, migrants, refugees, children with disabilities. Discriminatory policies against minorities, restrictions on movement, lack of resources, and lack of trust in government are among the ‘additional’ barriers affecting the most marginalised. Women, especially unmarried women, also face greater challenges in getting births registered. General approaches to promoting birth registration include legal and policy reform, awareness-raising activities, capacity building of registration offices, integration of birth registration with health services/education/social safety nets, and the use of digital technology to increase efficiency and accessibility.
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Sett, Dominic, Florian Waldschmidt, Alvaro Rojas-Ferreira, Saut Sagala, Teresa Arce Mojica, Preeti Koirala, Patrick Sanady, et al. Climate and disaster risk analytics tool for adaptive social protection. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/wnsg2302.
Full textAbstract:
Adaptive Social Protection (ASP) as discussed in this report is an approach to enhance the well-being of communities at risk. As an integrated approach, ASP builds on the interface of Disaster Risk Management (DRM), Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Social Protection (SP) to address interconnected risks by building resilience, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of traditionally sectoral approaches. The design of meaningful ASP measures needs to be informed by specific information on risk, risk drivers and impacts on communities at risk. In contrast, a limited understanding of risk and its drivers can potentially lead to maladaptation practices. Therefore, multidimensional risk assessments are vital for the successful implementation of ASP. Although many sectoral tools to assess risks exist, available integrated risk assessment methods across sectors are still inadequate in the context of ASP, presenting an important research and implementation gap. ASP is now gaining international momentum, making the timely development of a comprehensive risk analytics tool even more important, including in Indonesia, where nationwide implementation of ASP is currently under way. OBJECTIVE: To address this gap, this study explores the feasibility of a climate and disaster risk analytics tool for ASP (CADRAT-ASP), combining sectoral risk assessment in the context of ASP with a more comprehensive risk analytics approach. Risk analytics improve the understanding of risks by locating and quantifying the potential impacts of disasters. For example, the Economics of Climate Adaptation (ECA) framework quantifies probable current and expected future impacts of extreme events and determines the monetary cost and benefits of specific risk management and adaptation measures. Using the ECA framework, this report examines the viability and practicality of applying a quantitative risk analytics approach for non-financial and non-tangible assets that were identified as central to ASP. This quantitative approach helps to identify cost-effective interventions to support risk-informed decision making for ASP. Therefore, we used Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, as a case study, to identify potential entry points and examples for the further development and application of such an approach. METHODS & RESULTS: The report presents an analysis of central risks and related impacts on communities in the context of ASP. In addition, central social protection dimensions (SPD) necessary for the successful implementation of ASP and respective data needs from a theoretical perspective are identified. The application of the quantitative ECA framework is tested for tropical storms in the context of ASP, providing an operational perspective on technical feasibility. Finally, recommendations on further research for the potential application of a suitable ASP risk analytics tool in Indonesia are proposed. Results show that the ECA framework and its quantitative modelling platform CLIMADA successfully quantified the impact of tropical storms on four SPDs. These SPDs (income, access to health, access to education and mobility) were selected based on the results from the Hazard, Exposure and Vulnerability Assessment (HEVA) conducted to support the development of an ASP roadmap for the Republic of Indonesia (UNU-EHS 2022, forthcoming). The SPDs were modelled using remote sensing, gridded data and available global indices. The results illustrate the value of the outcome to inform decision making and a better allocation of resources to deliver ASP to the case study area. RECOMMENDATIONS: This report highlights strong potential for the application of the ECA framework in the ASP context. The impact of extreme weather events on four social protection dimensions, ranging from access to health care and income to education and mobility, were successfully quantified. In addition, further developments of CADRAT-ASP can be envisaged to improve modelling results and uptake of this tool in ASP implementation. Recommendations are provided for four central themes: mainstreaming the CADRAT approach into ASP, data and information needs for the application of CADRAT-ASP, methodological advancements of the ECA framework to support ASP and use of CADRAT-ASP for improved resilience-building. Specific recommendations are given, including the integration of additional hazards, such as flood, drought or heatwaves, for a more comprehensive outlook on potential risks. This would provide a broader overview and allow for multi-hazard risk planning. In addition, high-resolution local data and stakeholder involvement can increase both ownership and the relevance of SPDs. Further recommendations include the development of a database and the inclusion of climate and socioeconomic scenarios in analyses.
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Evidence-informed planning and action in Central Asia: Learnings from the Tajikistan Adolescent Wellbeing and Health Pilot Project. Population Council, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2021.1046.
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To address adolescent health and wellbeing in Tajikistan, the Aga Khan Foundation (AKF) and Population Council used a hybrid human-centered (HCD) and evidence-based program design to engage adolescent girls, boys, and caregivers in a guided process of defining key issues and program areas. The design informed the development of a first-of-its-kind program model for AKF and in Tajikistan: coordinated community-based groups for adolescent girls and boys, caregivers' groups, and an institutional stakeholder community of practice in Tajikistan. Design and implementation experiences established "proof of concept" as a basis to expand the approach across the country and region. The pilot generated valuable lessons and resources to inform and support both expansion and new programming.
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Mapping the extent to which performance-based financing (PBF) programs reflect quality, informed choice and voluntarism and implications for family planning services: A review of indicators. Population Council, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2018.1009.
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Expanding access to and use of voluntary family planning (FP) services is a well-established global health goal–it is a specific target under the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of good health and well-being, an integral component of Every Woman Every Child (EWEC), and the overall objective of the Family Planning 2020 (FP2020) partnership, among other initiatives. | One promising approach for achieving global voluntary FP goals is performance-based financing (PBF), which deploys financial incentives to the health system to improve service availability, utilization, and quality as well as addressing some public financial management bottlenecks by directly targeting resources to facilities based on performance. | Setting global voluntary FP goals implies following a rights-based approach to family planning, which uses a set of standards and principles to guide program assessment, planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation that enables individuals and couples to decide freely and responsibly the number and spacing of their children, to have the information and services to do so, and to be treated equitably and free of discrimination. | While both PBF, which uses financial disbursements to incentivize health service delivery and quality, and rights-based programming have informed efforts to strengthen and scale FP services, there are gaps in understanding the linkages between PBF and a rights-based approach (RBA) to FP services. To address this gap, a review of PBF operations manuals was undertaken together with an analysis of PBF indicators relevant to FP services. This and another report (Mapping the extent to which performance-based financing (PBF) programs reflect quality, informed choice, and voluntarism and implications for family planning services: A review of PBF operational manuals) assess whether existing FP indicators are sensitive to the principles associated with an RBA.
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Mapping the extent to which performance-based financing (PBF) programs reflect quality, informed choice, and voluntarism and implications for family planning services: A review of PBF operational manuals. Population Council, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2018.1010.
Full textAbstract:
Expanding access to and use of voluntary family planning (FP) services is a well-established global health goal- it is a specific target under the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of good health and well-being, an integral component of Every Woman Every Child (EWEC), and the overall objective of the Family Planning 2020 (FP2020) partnership, among other initiatives. | One promising approach for achieving global voluntary FP goals is performance-based financing (PBF), which deploys financial incentives to the health system to improve service availability, utilization, and quality as well as addressing some public financial management bottlenecks by directly targeting resources to facilities based on performance. | Setting global voluntary FP goals implies following a rights-based approach to family planning, which uses a set of standards and principles to guide program assessment, planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation that enables individuals and couples to decide freely and responsibly the number and spacing of their children, to have the information and services to do so, and to be treated equitably and free of discrimination. | While both PBF, which uses financial disbursements to incentivize health service delivery and quality, and rights-based programming have informed efforts to strengthen and scale FP services, there are gaps in understanding the linkages between PBF and a rights-based approach (RBA) to FP services. To address this gap, a review of performance-based financing (PBF) operations manuals was undertaken together with an analysis of PBF indicators relevant to FP services. This and another report (Mapping the extent to which performance-based financing (PBF) programs reflect quality, informed choice and voluntarism and implications for family planning services: A review of indicators) assess whether existing FP indicators are sensitive to the principles associated with an RBA.
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Innovative Solutions to Human-Wildlife Conflicts: National Wildlife Research Center Accomplishments, 2010. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7291310.aphis.
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As the research arm of Wildlife Services, a program within the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), NWRC develops methods and information to address human-wildlife conflicts related to agriculture, human health and safety, property damage, invasive species, and threatened and endangered species. The NWRC is the only Federal research facility in the United States devoted entirely to the development of methods for effective wildlife damage management, and it’s research authority comes from the Animal Damage Control Act of 1931. The NWRC’s research priorities are based on nationwide research needs assessments, congressional directives, APHIS Wildlife Services program needs, and stakeholder input. The Center is committed to helping resolve the ever-expanding and changing issues associated with human-wildlife conflict management and remains well positioned to address new issues through proactive efforts and strategic planning activities. NWRC research falls under four principal areas that reflect APHIS’ commitment to “protecting agricultural and natural resources from agricultural animal and plant health threats, zoonotic diseases, invasive species, and wildlife conflicts and diseases”. In addition to the four main research areas, the NWRC maintains support functions related to animal care, administration, information transfer, archives, quality assurance, facility development, and legislative and public affairs.