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Journal articles on the topic 'Burden of COVID'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Smith Jervelund, Signe, and Terje Andreas Eikemo. "The double burden of COVID-19." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 49, no. 1 (February 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494820984702.

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2

Hessami, Amirhossein, and Nima Rezaei. "Cardiovascular diseases burden in COVID-19." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 50 (December 2021): 790. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2021.09.066.

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3

Darvishpour, Azar, and Shiva Mahdavi Fashtami. "Investigation of Caring Behavior and Caring Burden and Their Associated Factors among Nurses Who Cared for Patients with COVID-19 in East Guilan, the North of Iran." Nursing Research and Practice 2023 (February 27, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8567870.

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Background. Nurses experience caring burdens, which can affect their caring behaviors. Caring for highly infectious patients, in particular COVID-19, is a new phenomenon and little is known about it. Considering that caring behaviors can be influenced by various factors and cultural differences of the society, it is necessary to conduct studies about caring behaviors and caring burdens. Thus, this study aimed to determine caring behavior and caring burden and their relationship with some associated factors among nurses who cared for patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods. This cross-sectional, descriptive design study was conducted by census sampling on 134 nurses working in public health centers in East Guilan, the north of Iran, in 2021. The research instruments included the Caring Behavior Inventory (CBI-24) and the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data using SPSS software version 20 with a significant level of 0.05. Results. The mean score of caring behavior and caring burden in nurses was 126.50 (SD = 13.63) and 43.65 (SD = 25.16), respectively. There was a significant relationship between caring behavior and some demographic characteristics (education, place of living, and history of COVID-19) and between caring burden and some demographic characteristics (housing status, job satisfaction, intention to change job, and history of COVID-19) ( p < 0.05). Conclusions. Findings showed that despite the new emergence of COVID-19, the caring burden on nurses was moderate and they had good caring behavior. Despite these results, it is necessary for the relevant managers to pay special attention to protecting health workers during a national crisis such as COVID-19 so that they experience less caring burden and improve caring behavior.
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Moscavitch, Samuel D., Jefferson L. Vieira, and Peter Libby. "Cardiovascular Burden of COVID-19 and the Post-Covid Era." ABC: Heart Failure & Cardiomyopathy 1, no. 1 (2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36660/abchf.20210001.

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5

Ilmy, Shofi Khaqul, Noorhamdani Noorhamdani, and Heni Dwi Windarwati. "Family Burden of Schizophrenia in Pasung During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review." INDONESIAN NURSING JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND CLINIC (INJEC) 5, no. 2 (August 20, 2020): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.24990/injec.v5i2.315.

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Introduction: The long-term care in schizophrenia patients can cause care burdens, which will relate to the family's decision to do pasung. The perceived burden will be even heavier because of the COVID-19 pandemic. This review aims to identify the family care burden affecting pasung in schizophrenic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This scoping review was conducted by searching four databases, namely ProQuest, Science Direct, and EBSCO, and Google Scholar in the past ten years. This study uses the PRISMA 2009 protocol in filtering articles from the database. Researchers summarize based on the significance value for quantitative research, based on themes’ qualitative research, and discussed factors mentioned which may influence the family. Thus, we obtained 15 articles for final review. Results: The results obtained that the subjective burden felt by the family is a feeling of worry and sadness due to the patient's aggressive behavior and the safety of the patient, family, and environment. The objective burdens most felt by families are financial burdens, both medical costs, transportation to reach mental health services, and the cost of daily living. The COVID-19 pandemic will affect both types of care burdens, thereby affecting the quality of care for families with schizophrenia patients in pasung. Conclusion: Schizophrenia patients are one of the populations that are vulnerable to COVID-19. Nurse plays a role in the ability to overcome the burden of schizophrenia care and improve adaptation to the current pandemic to create optimal mental health in the community.
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6

Sadanandan, Sanitha, and K. Gangadharan. "Non-Communicable Diseases and Covid-19 Pandemic: A Spatial Analysis of Multiple Healthcare Burden in India." Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences 9, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2022.9.1.35.

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Background: The entire world experiences triple as well as multiple burdens of diseases with the co-existence of prevailing burden of communicable diseases and evolving heavy burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) along with the outburst of COVID-19 crisis. Materials and Methods: The study has been extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Publicly available data related to COVID-19 and NCD burden from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, COVID-19 Tracker, and Kerala Government’s Directorate of Health Services. Results: The burden of COVID-19 is larger in states with a higher prevalence of non-communicable diseases and in states that are further along in the epidemiological transition. Around 95 percent of the deceased had one or more comorbidities, and the majority of them had several comorbidities. NCDs such as Hypertension and diabetes, as well as coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, and cancer, are appeared as a common predictor of COVID-19 mortality. Conclusion: The COVID-19 action, as well as a sustained and enhanced emphasis on NCD diagnosis, intervention, and interrelated facets of healthcare system, are essential. Future policy interventions should be focus on whole sectors such as health, education, employment, poverty, and local governance to address the underlying social, economic, and environmental grounds of ill health including pandemic to mitigate the repercussions and to achieve the sustainable development goals.
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7

Fukuda, Yasue, and Koji Fukuda. "Educators’ Psychosocial Burdens Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic and Predictive Factors: A Cross-Sectional Survey of the Relationship with Sense of Coherence and Social Capital." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4 (February 14, 2022): 2134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042134.

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This study aims to identify the social and psychological burdens placed on educators during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan and to propose an optimal form of support. We investigated educators’ perceptions of psychological and socioeconomic anxieties and burdens, sense of coherence, and social capital using a questionnaire survey of 1000 educators in January 2021. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to analyze the associations between the variables. Results: Approximately 80% of the respondents considered COVID-19 a formidable, life-threatening illness. Our results revealed that the higher the social capital, the greater the fear of COVID-19, and the higher the sense of coherence, the lower this fear. Conclusions: The anxiety burden of implementing infection prevention was higher than the anxiety burden associated with distance learning. The predictive factors for educators’ perceptions of burden included sense of coherence, gender, and age. Our findings suggest the importance of having the government and educational institutions provide multidimensional assistance that matches educators’ individual characteristics.
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8

Iqbal, Fahad M., Kyle Lam, Viknesh Sounderajah, Sarah Elkin, Hutan Ashrafian, and Ara Darzi. "Understanding the survivorship burden of long COVID." EClinicalMedicine 33 (March 2021): 100767. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100767.

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9

Kolbin, A. S., Yu M. Gomon, Yu E. Balykina, D. Yu Belousov, V. V. Strizheletskiy, and I. G. Ivanov. "Socioeconomic and global burden of COVID-19." Kachestvennaya Klinicheskaya Praktika = Good Clinical Practice 20, no. 1 (April 24, 2021): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37489/2588-0519-2021-1-24-34.

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Relevance. Assessment of the burden of disease provides information on the economic consequences of the disease, allows you to assess the social significance, identify areas that require additional clinical and economic research, changes in methodological approaches to the organization of measures for the prevention, early detection and treatment of diseases.The aim. Assessment of the socioeconomic and global burden of COVID-19 in the Russian Federation (RF).Materials and methods. Identification and assessment of direct medical, direct non-medical, and indirect costs associated with the development of the coronavirus epidemic. When calculating the socioeconomic burden, the variant of calculations was chosen taking into account the prevalence of the disease. The sources of data on the epidemiology of the disease were data from the Ministry of Health and data from the Government of the RF.Results. The socioeconomic burden of COVID-19 in 2020 in the RF amounted to about 5.4 trillion rubles (5 % of nominal GDP in 2020) and was largely due to indirect costs due to GDP losses due to a 1.5-month period of self-isolation. The estimated global burden of disease is more than 4 million YLLs globally, of which in the RF 2,486.30 among men and 1,378.22 YLL among women.Conclusion. The epidemic of the new coronavirus infection has led to colossal economic losses in Russian society. The data presented underscore not only the clinical, but also the economic importance of investing in the development of strategies for the treatment and prevention of new coronavirus infection.
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Akande, OluwatosinWuraola, and TanimolaMakanjuola Akande. "COVID-19 pandemic: A global health burden." Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal 27, no. 3 (2020): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/npmj.npmj_157_20.

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11

Bignami, Simona. "The Burden of COVID-19 in Canada." Canadian Studies in Population 48, no. 2-3 (September 2021): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42650-021-00056-w.

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12

Bignami, Simona. "The Burden of COVID-19 in Canada." Canadian Studies in Population 48, no. 2-3 (September 2021): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42650-021-00056-w.

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13

Sahmoud, Tarek. "Estimation of COVID-19 burden in Egypt." Lancet Infectious Diseases 20, no. 8 (August 2020): 895–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30318-2.

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14

Hassany, Mohamed, Wael Abdel-Razek, Noha Asem, Mohamed AbdAllah, and Hala Zaid. "Estimation of COVID-19 burden in Egypt." Lancet Infectious Diseases 20, no. 8 (August 2020): 896–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30319-4.

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15

Elmeleegy, Khaled. "Estimation of COVID-19 burden in Egypt." Lancet Infectious Diseases 20, no. 8 (August 2020): 897. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30321-2.

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16

Negida, Ahmed. "Estimation of COVID-19 burden in Egypt." Lancet Infectious Diseases 20, no. 8 (August 2020): 894–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30329-7.

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17

Bell, David, and Kristian Schultz Hansen. "Relative Burdens of the COVID-19, Malaria, Tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS Epidemics in Sub-Saharan Africa." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 105, no. 6 (December 1, 2021): 1510–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.21-0899.

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ABSTRACT. COVID-19 has had considerable global impact; however, in sub-Saharan Africa, it is one of several infectious disease priorities. Prioritization is normally guided by disease burden, but the highly age-dependent nature of COVID-19 and that of other infectious diseases make comparisons challenging unless considered through metrics that incorporate life-years lost and time lived with adverse health. Therefore, we compared the 2020 mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) lost estimates for malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan African populations with more than 12 months of COVID-19 burden (until the end of March 2021) by applying known age-related mortality to United Nations estimates of the age structure. We further compared exacerbations of disease burden predicted from the COVID-19 public health response. Data were derived from public sources and predicted exacerbations were derived from those published by international agencies. For sub-Saharan African populations north of South Africa, the estimated recorded COVID-19 DALYs lost in 2020 were 3.7%, 2.3%, and 2.4% of those for tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, and malaria, respectively. Predicted exacerbations of these diseases were greater than the estimated COVID-19 burden. Including South Africa and Lesotho, COVID-19 DALYs lost were < 12% of those for other compared diseases; furthermore, the mortality of compared diseases were dominant in all age groups younger than 65 years. This analysis suggests the relatively low impact of COVID-19. Although all four epidemics continue, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, and malaria remain far greater health priorities based on their disease burdens. Therefore, resource diversion to COVID-19 poses a high risk of increasing the overall disease burden and causing net harm, thereby further increasing global inequities in health and life expectancy.
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18

Liao, Tim F. "A Study of Cumulative COVID-19 Mortality Trends Associated with Ethnic-Racial Composition, Income Inequality, and Party Inclination among US Counties." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (November 28, 2022): 15803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315803.

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This research analyzes the association between cumulative COVID-19 mortality and ethnic-racial composition, income inequality, and political party inclination across counties in the United States. The study extends prior research by taking a long view—examining cumulative mortality burdens over the first 900 days of the COVID-19 pandemic at five time points (via negative binomial models) and as trajectories of cumulative mortality trends (via growth curve models). The analysis shows that counties with a higher Republican vote share display a higher cumulative mortality, especially over longer periods of the pandemic. It also demonstrates that counties with a higher composition of ethnic-racial minorities, especially Blacks, bear a much higher cumulative mortality burden, and such an elevated burden would be even higher when a county has a higher level of income inequality. For counties with a higher proportion of Hispanic population, while the burden is lower than that for counties with a higher proportion of Blacks, the cumulative COVID-19 mortality burden still is elevated and compounded by income inequality, at any given time point during the pandemic.
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19

Bileviciute-Ljungar, Indre, Jan-Rickard Norrefalk, and Kristian Borg. "Pain Burden in Post-COVID-19 Syndrome following Mild COVID-19 Infection." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 3 (January 31, 2022): 771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11030771.

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The global pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 has affected several hundred million people, and many infected people have suffered from a milder initial infection but have never fully recovered. This observational study investigates the pain burden in sufferers of post-COVID-19 syndrome after a milder initial infection. One hundred post-COVID-19 patients filled out questionnaires regarding sociodemographic data, previous comorbidities, present pharmacological treatment, pain intensity and pain localisation. Health-related quality of life, fatigue, emotional status, and insomnia were measured by validated questionnaires. Multiple post-COVID-19 symptoms, including post-exertional malaise, were evaluated by a symptom questionnaire. Among the 100 participants (mean age 44.5 years), 82% were women, 61% had higher education, and 56% were working full or part time. Nine participants reported previous pain or inflammatory conditions. Among the most painful sites were the head/face, chest, lower extremities, and migrating sites. Generalised pain was self-reported by 75 participants and was estimated in 50 participants. Diagnosis of fibromyalgia according to the 2016 criteria was suspected in 40 participants. Subgroup analyses indicated that comorbidities might play a role in the development of pain. In conclusion, a major part of sufferers from post-COVID-19 syndrome develop pain, and in addition to its many disabling symptoms, there is an urgent need for pain management in post-COVID-19 syndrome.
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20

Porras-Ramírez, Alexandra. "Burden Disease of COVID-19: Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) in Bogota, Colombia." Epidemiology International Journal 6, no. 3 (2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/eij-16000246.

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Background: Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) are a synthetic health indicator used to measure the burden of disease at the population level, which provides joint information on the fatal and non-fatal consequences of diseases, injuries and risk factors. This indicator as the number of years of healthy life lost uses both to describe the epidemiological situation in different countries or regions and to estimate the population impact of different interventions. The World Health Organization as a public health emergency of international importance (ESPII) classified the new coronavirus (COVID-19). In December 2019, an association of pneumonia cases emerged in Wuhan (Hubei province, China), with a sample common to a wholesale market for seafood, fish, and live animals. On January 7, 2020, the Chinese authorities established a new virus of the Corona viridae family as the agent promoting the outbreak, which was later designated SARS-COV-2 1. The Chinese authorities shared the genetic sequence on January 12. The disease caused by this new virus by international consensus COVID-19. The Emergency Committee of the International Health Regulations (IHR, 2005) declared the outbreak as a PHEIC at its meeting on January 30, 2020. Subsequently, the WHO considered it a global pandemic on March 11, 2020 ISCIII. Cases on all continents and on March 6 the first case in Colombia and the National Institute of Health (INS) notifies the Ministry of Health daily of the figures of accumulated confirmed cases of COVID-19, as follows: total of cases, cases in hospitalizations, ICU admissions, deaths and recovered cases. The objective of this work was to estimate the burden of disease due to COVID-19 in Bogotá for the years 2020 and 2021 in order to establish the burden of disease due to this pathology. Methods: We conducted an ecological study between Jan 1, 2020, and Dec 31, 2021. We used final prevalence estimates and disability weights to estimate years lived with disability and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for COVID-19 in Bogotá. Findings: The public data on COVID 19 published on the Salud-data website of the Bogotá Health Center, available at https:// saludata.saludcapital.gov.co/osb/. A total of 13,428 deaths and 482,346 laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID 19 in the study period. The discount rate that evaluates what benefits they prefer in the present and not in the future into account, so it is necessary to introduce this correction factor for future benefits, which is a procedure commonly used in economics. This same situation occurs in health, because the value given to a year of healthy life gained in the present is different and superior to that given to a year of healthy life gained in the future. The discount weight into account in the calculation as a correction since societies tend to value a year of life lost or gained differently during young adulthood than during early childhood or old age. This discount model allows the time lived at different ages to be valued using an exponential function. The burden of disease is the gap between existing health conditions and an ideal health situation. Life expectancy to calculate based on the assumption that someone is currently living and in the future to current mortality rates for each age group (42). In this case, the life table with the highest life expectancy at birth in the world used, which is that of Japan, with 80 years for men and 82.5 years for women, in addition to allowing us to compare ourselves with studies that use this value (43). This pandemic has created a greater urgency to strengthen health systems in most countries and the burden of disease must know in order to know the possible economic impact. Interpretation: This pandemic has created an increased urgency to strengthen health systems in most countries. Taking no action to address the burden of COVID-19 should not be an option.
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21

Cameron, Daniel J., and Sean R. McWhinney. "Consequences of Contracting COVID-19 or Taking the COVID-19 Vaccine for Individuals with a History of Lyme Disease." Antibiotics 12, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12030493.

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Individuals with Lyme disease can be very symptomatic. This survey compares the burden of illness for individuals with a history of Lyme disease (HLD) with individuals with a HLD who have either contracted COVID-19 or who have taken the COVID-19 vaccine. The findings describe the relative symptom burden among these three groups using a cross-sectional descriptive survey investigating the burden of Lyme disease in a pandemic. The survey includes the General Symptom Questionnaire-30 (GSQ-30), a brief self-report scale designed to assess the symptom burden in Lyme disease (LD). The results of this survey show that the overall burden of illness among individuals with HLD is not significantly different after contracting COVID-19 or after COVID-19 vaccination. A new survey will be needed to better understand why one in five individuals with a HLD reported long COVID after contracting COVID-19. These results should help clinicians and their patients to discuss the consequences of contracting a COVID-19 infection or being vaccinated against COVID-19.
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22

Frias Gasga, AE, VU Delgadillo Hernández, H. Soto Molina, and S. Guzman Vazquez. "EE99 Economic Burden of COVID-19 in Mexico." Value in Health 25, no. 7 (July 2022): S354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2022.04.352.

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23

Kishor, M., and JesuMaria Dass. "Economic burden of nicotine dependence during COVID-19." Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum 1, no. 2 (2022): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_4_22.

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24

Nienhaus, Albert, and Claudia Westermann. "The Burden of COVID-19 in Health Workers." Safety and Health at Work 13 (January 2022): S34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2021.12.819.

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25

Kale, Sachin, Sagar Soni, Sarang Aggarwal, Nikhil Reginald Isaacs, Ronak Mishra, Sankalp Shashwat, and Suraj Doshi. "Financial Burden of COVID-19 on Orthopeadic Surgeons." Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics 7, no. 2 (2022): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.13107/jcorth.2022.v07i02.537.

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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread throughout the world, affecting people from all walks of life, including orthopedic doctors in India. We’ve We’ have seen a significant decrease in the number of patients. The study’s study’s goal was to determine the extent to which the epidemic has affected Indian orthopaedic practice. Methods: An online survey of currently practicing Indian orthopaedic doctors was done. The study enlisted the help of 500 orthopaedic surgeons. A statistical analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the demographic profile of study participants and other orthopaedic practice characteristics. Results: Maximum participants belonged to the age group of 30-–40 years (39.8%) and only 13.6% belonged to the age group of 51-–60 years. Approximately, 85.8% participants were married. Out of all, 86% participants were consultants and 14% were residents. Most of the participants (35.2%) have 5-–10 years of practice experience. Most of the participants were working in charity hospitals (31.4%) and very few of them (4.8%) were working in government hospitals. Conclusion: Practicing orthopaedic surgeons working in the private sector and running their own (individual) hospitals and clinics have been the most badly afflicted in terms of earnings, while those working in the government sector and medical universities have been the least afflicted.
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Khaustova, O., O. Chaban, and D. Assonov. "COVID-19 pandemic’s burden on healthcare professionals’ mental health." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.720.

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Introduction Healthcare professionals report about anxiety, depression, and fear during pandemic COVID-19 worldwide. Resilience becomes the high-powered important mechanism that reduces stress impact on the emotional state of healthcare professionals.ObjectivesWe suggested that effective resilience is associated with less COVID-19’s fear, as well as less anxiety, and depression; healthcare professionals’ mental health depends on age, gender, as well as involvement in the care of patients with COVID-19.Methods211 healthcare professionals participated in the study and were evaluated with the Connor-Davidson Resilience 10-item scale (CD-RISC-10), Fear of COVID-19 Scale, PHQ-9, GAD-7.Results A negative correlation between resilience and fear of COVID-19 (p≤0,01), anxiety (p≤0,01), and depression (p≤0,001) was found. Positive correlations were found between depression, anxiety, and fear of COVID-19 (p≤0,001), between age and fear of COVID-19 (p≤0,05). No statistically significant association between age and depression, anxiety, or resilience was found. The significant difference of COVID-19 fear depending on gender – female vs male (p≤0,05) was found. No statistically significant difference in resilience and emotional state in healthcare professionals depending on the involvement in the care of patients with COVID-19 were found.Conclusions Resilience is associated with better mental health in healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Anxiety and depression are connected with the fear of COVID-19 and highly comorbid in healthcare professionals. The elder age and female gender are among the risk factors for a more deteriorated mental state. Fear of COVID-19, mental state, and resilience are not associated with healthcare professionals’ involvement in the care of patients with COVID-19.
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Ho, Fai Fai, Shanshan Xu, Talos Ming Hong Kwong, Angus Siu-cheong Li, Eun Hae Ha, Heyu Hua, Ching Liong, et al. "Prevalence, Patterns, and Clinical Severity of Long COVID among Chinese Medicine Telemedicine Service Users: Preliminary Results from a Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (January 19, 2023): 1827. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031827.

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Introduction: The emergence and persistence of symptoms after acute COVID-19 is expected to become a major burden on healthcare systems. We assessed the features of the post-COVID-19 Syndrome (Long COVID) burden in a cohort of COVID-19 patients during the fifth major wave in Hong Kong. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 135 patients with confirmed COVID-19 from Feb to Apr 2022 who utilized traditional Chinese medicine telemedicine services was conducted. The COVID-19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Scale was administered using an online survey 12 weeks after the COVID-19 infection. Prevalence of symptom severity and functional impairments were assessed to identify burdens and patterns. The correlation between symptom severity, functional impairments, patient characteristics, and overall health was evaluated. Results: The mean age was 46.8 years, with 46 (34.1%) males. Symptoms, functional impairments, and overall health worsened significantly when compared to the status prior to the infection. More than 50% reported the following sequelae 12 weeks after the acute infection: breathlessness, laryngeal or airway complications, fatigue, weakness, sleep, cognition, and anxiety. The presence of a single symptom or functional impairment significantly correlated with at least seven other problems positively, except for pain. Severity tended to be higher among vulnerable groups, including those who were chronic disease patients, older, less well educated, female, or had incomplete COVID-19 vaccinations. Conclusions: Long COVID is a significant healthcare burden among telemedicine users in Hong Kong, with complex needs for symptom and functional impairment management. Designing relevant health and rehabilitation services tailored to the needs of these patients is warranted.
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Mirzaei, Abasat, Rasoul Raesi, Sam Saghari, and Mehdi Raei. "Evaluation of Family Caregiver Burden among COVID-19 Patients." Open Public Health Journal 13, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 808–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944502013010808.

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Background: Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses from the Coronaviridae family. Not only do the coronaviruses disrupt patients' lives, but they also affect caregivers. This study aimed to assess the burden of family caregivers of COVID-19 patients discharged from a hospital in eastern Iran. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 210 family caregivers of COVID-19 inpatients and outpatients. A total of 210 COVID-19 patients referred to 22nd-Bahman Hospital of Khaf from March 2020 to June 2020 were selected via simple randomization. Data were collected using the Zarit caregiver burden scale and a demographics form. Results: The care burden scores were 83.2% and 80.9% in the family caregivers of inpatients and outpatients, respectively, indicating the severity of care burden for COVID-19 patients. The mean scores of objective, subjective, and subjective-objective caregiver burden were significantly higher in male family caregivers and caregivers of inpatients than in female caregivers and caregivers of outpatients [p <0.01]. Conclusion: The high objective, subjective, and subjective-objective caregiver burden in family caregivers is an alarm for mental health policy-makers. Therefore, healthcare managers need to consider plans and measures to reduce the care burden of family caregivers of COVID-19 patients.
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Nemati, Donya, NiCole Keith, and Navin Kaushal. "EXERCISE BEHAVIOR IS DETERMINED BY PANDEMIC DISTRESS AND TASK BURDEN AMONG CAREGIVERS OF OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 455–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.1776.

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Abstract Background Caregivers who have dependents with dementia are at a much higher risk of heart disease and mental illnesses compared with non-dementia caregivers. Consequently, these outcomes have been exacerbated by societal barriers that resulted from the pandemic. Engaging in regular physical activity at a moderate-to-vigorous level (MVPA) is beneficial for caregivers has it has been shown to prevent several adverse health outcomes. However, pandemic-related (COVID-19) distress likely worsened caregiver burden which in turn compromised their MVPA levels. The purpose of this study was to understand how caregiving burden impacts MVPA when accounting for physical activity determinants from an augmented Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model. Methods Participants (n=127) were caregivers for older adults (65+) who have dementia. Participants completed measures of MVPA (behavior), TPB, pandemic-related distress (COVID Caregiver Risk Index) and burden scale for family caregivers. The study was investigated using a structural equation model. Results Participants were 45.5 (SD=3.4) years old, 76.4% female. Attitudes (β=.22, p=.012) and perceived behavioral control (β=.19, p&lt;.001) predicted intention. Attitudes and perceived behavioral control mediated the relationship between past behavior and intention (β=.17, p=.02). Covid distress predicted caregiver burden (β=.35, p&lt;.001), and caregiver burden mediated the effects between distress and behavior (β=-.12, p=.01). Conclusions Caregiver burden findings suggest that societal changes and demographic-specific burdens related to caregivers need to be considered for caregivers with dependents who have dementia. Taken together, exercise programs that focus on traditional behavioral determinants also need to include specific approaches to buffer caregiving burden experienced in this demographic.
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MacLeod, Stephanie. "The Growing Burden of Informal Caregivers During COVID-19." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 955. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3446.

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Abstract Caregiver burden has negative effects on health outcomes and quality of life. Meanwhile, safety protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic created immediate impacts on informal caregiving with increasing burden on family caregivers. Our primary purpose was to describe the impacts of the pandemic on caregiver burden among informal caregivers, and their sudden shift in roles as a result. This review describes emerging effects on various aspects of health and explores future directions to support informal caregivers. A streamlined search was conducted to fit the scope of this review, with key terms determined to identify relevant publications. Common research databases and mainstream resources were utilized. We focused on research published since March 2020 to align with the timing of the pandemic in the US. Early research suggests that the pandemic has worsened caregiver burden among informal family caregivers. Reported health impacts include greater stress, pain, depression, sleep problems, and irritability, decreased social connectedness and quality of life. Informal family caregivers face negative health outcomes and distress as a result of greater caregiver burden and intensity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Immediate solutions are needed to alleviate this growing burden and provide ongoing support. Future work should explore the potential of boosting positive resources such as resilience and purpose to ease caregiver burden.
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Luc, Jessica G. Y., Tom C. Nguyen, and Niv Ad. "Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Cardiac Surgical Education in North America." Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery 16, no. 4 (June 25, 2021): 350–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15569845211011459.

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Objective We report the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on cardiac surgery trainee education in North America. Methods A survey was sent to participating academic adult cardiac surgery centers in North America. Data regarding the effect of COVID-19 on cardiac surgery training were analyzed. Results Responses were received from 53 academic institutions with diverse geographic distribution. Cardiac surgery trainee re-deployment to alternative clinical duties peaked at the height of the pandemic. We stratified institutions based on high ( n = 20) and low burden ( n = 33) of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The majority of institutions have converted didactics (high burden 90% vs low burden 73%) and interviews for jobs/fellowships (high burden 75% vs low burden 73%) from in-person to virtual. Institutions were mixed in preference for administration of the licensing examination, with the most common preference for examinations to be held remotely on normal timeline (high burden 45% vs low burden 30%) or in person with more than 3-month delay (high burden 20% vs low burden 33%). Despite the challenges experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic on trainee clinical experience, re-deployment, and decreased operative volume, institutions expected their trainees to graduate on schedule (high burden 95% vs low burden 91%). Conclusions Our study demonstrates that actions taken during the COVID-19 pandemic has led to disruptions in cardiac surgery training with transition of didactics and interviews virtually and re-deployment to alternative duties. Despite this, institutions remain optimistic that their trainees will graduate on schedule.
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Eyanoer, Putri C., and Fotarisman Zaluchu. "COVID-19 and the Fourth Burden of Women in Developing Countries: A Mini Review." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, T1 (November 6, 2020): 476–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.5470.

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It is known that women experience heavier physical and psychological burdens more than men. This is closely related to the traditional role of women because of the absence of women’s authority in themselves. In the coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 pandemic situation, the role of women has increased, namely taking on a protective role. With this additional burden, the physical and psychological burden on women becomes heavier and has the potential to create health problems in the future. In this mini review, the authors discuss the potential impact of implementing the COVID-19’s prevention protocol on women’s lives. It was concluded that there were serious and very large potential consequences for women, in terms of physically, psychologically, or emotionally; thus, early anticipations are really needed.
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O’Shea, Catherine J., Melissa E. Middeldorp, Gijo Thomas, Curtis Harper, Adrian D. Elliott, Noemi Ray, Kevin Campbell, Dennis H. Lau, and Prashanthan Sanders. "Atrial fibrillation burden during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic." EP Europace 23, no. 9 (June 2, 2021): 1493–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/euab099.

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Abstract Aims The aim of this study is to determine the association between the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and atrial fibrillation (AF) occurrence in individuals with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). Method and results Multi-centre, observational, cohort study over a 100-day period during the COVID-19 pandemic (COVID-19) in the USA. Remote monitoring was used to assess AF episodes in patients with a CIED (pacemaker or defibrillator; 20 centres, 13 states). For comparison, the identical 100-day period in 2019 was used (Control). The primary outcomes were the AF burden during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the association of the pandemic with AF occurrence, as compared with 1 year prior. The secondary outcome was the association of AF occurrence with per-state COVID-19 prevalence. During COVID-19, 10 346 CIEDs with an atrial lead were monitored. There were 16 570 AF episodes of ≥6 min transmitted (16 events per 1000 patient days) with a significant increase in proportion of patients with AF episodes in high COVID-19 prevalence states compared with low prevalence states [odds ratio 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21–1.48, P &lt; 0.001]. There were significantly more AF episodes during COVID-19 compared with Control [incident rate ratio (IRR) 1.33, 95% CI 1.25–1.40, P &lt; 0.001]. This relationship persisted for AF episodes ≥1 h (IRR 1.65, 95% CI 1.53–1.79, P &lt; 0.001) and ≥6 h (IRR 1.54, 95% CI 1.38–1.73, P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion During the first 100 days of COVID-19, a 33% increase in AF episodes occurred with a 34% increase in the proportion of patients with AF episodes observed in states with higher COVID-19 prevalence. These findings suggest a possible association between pandemic-associated social disruptions and AF in patients with CIEDs. Clinical TRIAL registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry: ACTRN12620000692932.
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Kahraman, Ayça Burcu, Yılmaz Yıldız, Kısmet Çıkı, Halil Tuna Akar, İzzet Erdal, Ali Dursun, Ayşegül Tokatlı, and Hatice Serap Sivri. "Invisible burden of COVID-19: enzyme replacement therapy disruptions." Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 34, no. 5 (April 5, 2021): 539–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2021-0067.

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Abstract Objectives Lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) constitute an important group of metabolic diseases, consisting of approximately 60 disorders. In some types of lysosomal diseases, enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is administered intravenously in weekly or biweekly doses. Unfortunately, scheduled ERT during COVID-19 was disrupted. We considered the possibility of adverse outcomes caused by the disruption in the treatment of patients with lysosomal storage disorders. Methods During the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted a questionnaire that was delivered via Internet to assess how this vulnerable patient group was affected by the pandemic in terms of their access to treatment and their disease-related symptoms. Results The questionnaire was filled out by 75 patients. There were 35 patients whose treatment dose was missed because of COVID-19. The most common reason for skipping treatment was not wanting to go to the hospital for fear of contracting COVID-19. These 35 patients missed a median of four doses of ERT (range: 1–16 dosages). Twenty-one patients (60%) claimed that they were affected physically by not taking ERT (20 mucopolysaccaridoses, 1 Fabry disease), whereas 14 (40%) did not. Conclusions Interruption of ERT during the COVID-19 pandemic may have significant consequences. It may be beneficial to switch to home treatment or reserve dedicated facilities. With proper planning and management, the treatment disruptions of this particular group can be avoided.
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Rabiu, Aishat Temitope, Anmol Mohan, Sude Çavdaroğlu, Eleni Xenophontos, Ana Carla S. Costa, Christos Tsagkaris, Hashim Talib Hashim, Shoaib Ahmad, and Mohammad Yasir Essar. "Dengue and COVID‐19: A double burden to Brazil." Journal of Medical Virology 93, no. 7 (April 3, 2021): 4092–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.26955.

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Jones, Deborah L., Kristiana E. Morgan, Paola C. Martinez, Violeta J. Rodriguez, Andres Vazquez, Patricia D. Raccamarich, and Maria L. Alcaide. "COVID-19 Burden and Risk Among People With HIV." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 87, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 869–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000002656.

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37

Le, Kien, and My Nguyen. "The psychological burden of the COVID-19 pandemic severity." Economics & Human Biology 41 (May 2021): 100979. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2021.100979.

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38

Çelik, Şimşek, Sefa Yurtbay, Yusuf Kenan Tekin, İlhan Korkmaz, and Pelin Çelik. "Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Emergency Room Burden." Van Medical Journal 29, no. 3 (2022): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/vtd.2022.87405.

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39

Miller, Larry E., Ruemon Bhattacharyya, and Anna L. Miller. "Spatial Analysis of Global Variability in Covid-19 Burden." Risk Management and Healthcare Policy Volume 13 (June 2020): 519–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/rmhp.s255793.

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40

Wada, Yusuf Hassan, Muhammad Kabir Musa, Shuaibu Saidu Musa, Garba M. Khalid, and Don Eliseo Lucero Prisno. "Dual burden of COVID-19 and TB in Africa." Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health 12 (October 2021): 100847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2021.100847.

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41

Nichols, Kimberley R., Semhar Ghebremichael, and Nichole L. Taylor. "The Unequal Burden of COVID-19 on Minority Communities." ASA Monitor 85, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.asm.0000758344.32630.e6.

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42

Grills, Nathan. "COVID-19 and Containment: A Dual Burden for India." Christian Journal for Global Health 7, no. 1 (April 27, 2020): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15566/cjgh.v7i1.377.

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43

Papoutsi, Eleni, Vassilis G. Giannakoulis, Vasiliki Ntella, Sofia Pappa, and Paraskevi Katsaounou. "Global burden of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers." ERJ Open Research 6, no. 2 (April 2020): 00195–2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00195-2020.

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44

Tuite, Ashleigh R., Victoria Ng, Erin Rees, David Fisman, Annelies Wilder-Smith, Kamran Khan, and Isaac I. Bogoch. "Estimation of COVID-19 burden in Egypt – Authors' reply." Lancet Infectious Diseases 20, no. 8 (August 2020): 897–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30326-1.

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Mukherjee, Sandip, Oly Banerjee, Siddhartha Singh, and Bithin Kumar Maji. "COVID 19 could trigger global diabetes burden – A hypothesis." Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 14, no. 5 (September 2020): 963–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.06.049.

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46

Kondili, Loreta A., Andrea Marcellusi, Stephen Ryder, and Antonio Craxì. "Will the COVID-19 pandemic affect HCV disease burden?" Digestive and Liver Disease 52, no. 9 (September 2020): 947–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2020.05.040.

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47

KhudaBukhsh, Wasiur R., Caleb Deen Bastian, Matthew Wascher, Colin Klaus, Saumya Yashmohini Sahai, Mark H. Weir, Eben Kenah, Elisabeth Root, Joseph H. Tien, and Grzegorz A. Rempała. "Projecting COVID-19 cases and hospital burden in Ohio." Journal of Theoretical Biology 561 (March 2023): 111404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111404.

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48

Dhimal, M., and R. Shrestha. "Global Burden of Disease, Air Pollution and COVID-19." Kathmandu University Medical Journal 18, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 214–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v18i3.49193.

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49

Jayaraj, Vivek Jason, Chiu-Wan Ng, Awang Bulgiba, Maheshwara Rao Appannan, and Sanjay Rampal. "Estimating the infection burden of COVID-19 in Malaysia." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 11 (November 8, 2022): e0010887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010887.

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Malaysia has reported 2.75 million cases and 31,485 deaths as of 30 December 2021. Underestimation remains an issue due to the underdiagnosis of mild and asymptomatic cases. We aimed to estimate the burden of COVID-19 cases in Malaysia based on an adjusted case fatality rate (aCFR). Data on reported cases and mortalities were collated from the Ministry of Health official GitHub between 1 March 2020 and 30 December 2021. We estimated the total and age-stratified monthly incidence rates, mortality rates, and aCFR. Estimated new infections were inferred from the age-stratified aCFR. The total estimated infections between 1 March 2020 and 30 December 2021 was 9,955,000-cases (95% CI: 6,626,000–18,985,000). The proportion of COVID-19 infections in ages 0–11, 12–17, 18–50, 51–65, and above 65 years were 19.9% (n = 1,982,000), 2.4% (n = 236,000), 66.1% (n = 6,577,000), 9.1% (n = 901,000), 2.6% (n = 256,000), respectively. Approximately 32.8% of the total population in Malaysia was estimated to have been infected with COVID-19 by the end of December 2021. These estimations highlight a more accurate infection burden in Malaysia. It provides the first national-level prevalence estimates in Malaysia that adjusted for underdiagnosis. Naturally acquired community immunity has increased, but approximately 68.1% of the population remains susceptible. Population estimates of the infection burden are critical to determine the need for booster doses and calibration of public health measures.
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Kakar, Muhammad Siddique, Noman Sadiq, Shehzad Rauf, Asrar Ahmad, Haroon Khattak, and Muhammad Awais. "Burden of Depression, Anxiety and Stress; The Psychiatric Burden in COVID-19 Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 72, no. 3 (June 24, 2022): 806–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v72i3.4756.

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Objective: To assess the levels of depression, anxiety and stress in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: COVID isolation ward of PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi Pakistan, from May to Jun 2020. Methodology: A total of 110 patients whose COVID-19 PCR tests were positive were selected. They had a history of at least one-week admission to the hospital, and all of them were stable or had mild symptoms. Depression, Anxiety and Stress scale (DASS 21) was administered to all the patients through a video call. Results: The study revealed that 30 (27.3%) of the COVID-19 patients had depressive features, whereas 37 (33.6%) were found to be anxious, and 13 (11.8%) were under stress during this time. Depressive features were more common in the female gender affecting 9 (56.2%) out of 16 females (p=0.011) and unemployed patients affecting 12 (54.5%) out of 22 unemployed patients (p=0.006). Anxiety was more common in the female gender affecting 11 (68.7%) out of 16 females and married patients, affecting 26 (27.6%) out of 94 married patients (p=0.01). Stress was found to be more in females, affecting 8 (50%) out of 16 females (p=0.01). Conclusion: This study showed that the diagnosis of COVID-19 can lead to psychological effects, and patients should be monitored for depression, anxiety and stress.
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