Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bull ant'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Bull ant.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Bull ant.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Cordel, Claudia. "Pharmacokinetics and in vitro effects of imipramine hydrochloride on the vas deferens in cattle." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03132006-113241/.
Full text
2
Staples, David Franklin. "Viable population monitoring risk-based population monitoring for threatened and endangered species with application to bull trout, Salvelinus confluentus /." Diss., Montana State University, 2006. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2006/staples/StaplesD0506.pdf.
Full text
3
Irvine, Robin. ""Los toros guapos" - "good-looking bulls" : animal life, ethics and professional know-how on an Andalusian bull-breeding estate." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15550.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis take the form of an ethnographic exploration of a bull-breeding estate called Partido de Resina (formerly Pablo Romero) in the countryside near Seville in Andalusia. The estate, founded in 1885, produces fighting bulls for taurine events in Southern France, Spain and Portugal. At the heart of the thesis is the life cycle of the fighting animals, every chapter being anchored to a particular point in the bull-breeding calendar and the lives of the stock. Each chapter draws out specific qualities of the world of the bulls from the perspective of Partido de Resina, rooting the bulls and their people in a wider Spanish and Andalusian landscape and history, with a focus on technical know-how and everyday ethics after the 2008 financial crisis. The professionals who care for the Partido de Resina bulls, cows, and calves are the human protagonists of this project; their working routines, hopes, concerns, and stories described through their interactions with the animals which they look after. The core anthropological argument in the thesis is to show how different ethnographically salient forms of life emerge on and around the estate, sometimes weighted towards individual animals, sometimes towards bits of taurine bodies, or breeds, types, lineages, cohorts, and other groupings of stock. The varied, dynamic presence of animal life is contextualised in the literature of the 'animal turn' in anthropology, which has drawn non- human life into the ethnographic foreground. A case is made for a nuanced and contextual ethnographic attention to animal life and interiority as it emerges in the field, without an a priori emphasis on animal personhood or subjectivity. In foregrounding the qualities and concerns encountered and worked through during both routine livestock maintenance and extraordinary, definitive events like bullfights, the emergent, multiple character of taurine forms of existence become apparent.
4
Daly, Ryan. "Feeding ecology, residency patterns and migration dynamics of bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas) in the southwest Indian Ocean." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017802.
Full textAbstract:
Bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas) are globally distributed top predators that play an important ecological role within coastal marine communities. However, little is known about how the spatial and temporal scales of their habitat use are associated with their ecological role. In this study, a population of sub-adult and adult bull sharks were investigated within a remote subtropical marine community in the southwest Indian Ocean off the coast of southern Mozambique. The main objectives of the study were to test a minimally invasive remote biopsy sampling method; to investigate the feeding ecology of bull sharks; and to investigate the temporal and spatial scales of bull shark residency patterns and migration dynamics. Biopsy tests on free-swimming bull sharks showed that the devised sampling technique provided a minimally invasive and consistent method (biopsy retention rate = 87%) to obtain muscle tissue samples sufficiently large enough (310±78mg, mean ± SD) for stable isotope analysis. Results from the stable isotope analysis showed that adult bull sharks appeared to exhibit a shift towards consistentlyhigher trophic level prey from an expanded foraging range compared to sub-adults, possibly due to increased mobility linked with size. Additionally, bull sharks had significantly broader niche widths compared to top predatory teleost assemblages with a wide and enriched range of δ13C values relative to the local marine community, suggesting that they forage over broad spatial scales along the east coast of southern Africa. Results from the passive acoustic telemetry investigation, conducted over a period between 10 and 22 months, supported these findings showing that the majority of tagged adult sharksexhibited temporally and spatially variable residency patterns interspersed with migration events. Ten individuals undertook coastal migrations that ranged between 433 and 709km (mean = 533km) with eight of these sharks returning to the study site. During migration, individuals exhibited rates of movement between 2 and 59km.d-1 (mean = 17.58km.d-1) and were recorded travelling annual distances of between 450 and 3760km (mean = 1163km). These findings suggest that adult bull sharks are not the sedentary species once thought to be but rather, consistently move over broad spatial scales on the east coast of southern Africa and play an important predatory role shaping and linking ecological processes within the southwest Indian Ocean.
5
Bleackley, Natalie Anne. "Biology of common bully (Gobiomorphus cotidianus)." The University of Waikato, 2008. http://adt.waikato.ac.nz/public/adt-uow20080320.150044/index.html.
Full text
6
Aspenberg, Anna, and Jenny Järnland. "Bull´s Eye? : Träffsäkerheten i analytikers prognoser." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2520.
Full textAbstract:
Background: An evaluation of analysts´ forecasting ability is interesting since their estimates constitute an important part in stock valuation and investment decisions. The recent years´ development in the stock market has lead to criticism of analysts’ deficient forecasts.
Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate analysts´ forecasting ability concerning companies quoted at Stockholmsbörsen between 1987 and 2002. We also intend to discuss possible explanations for analysts’ behavior in case of deficient accuracy.
Method: Regression analysis is used to compare consensus estimates of earnings per share to actual earnings per share. We attempt to investigate the existence of a relation between forecasting ability and forecast horizon, the volatility at Stockholmsbörsen and the industry in which the firm operates. Behavioral finance and economic incentives is used to discuss the most convincing explanations to analysts´ behavior in cases of deficient accuracy.
Result: The study indicates over optimistic forecasts and overreaction to earnings information. Analysts tend to give more accurate forecasts closer to earnings announcement. We believe that herding, economic incentives and the fact that analysts get information from the company explains a significant part of analysts’ behavior. In addition, the study shows a possible relation between more accurate forecasts and lower volatility. Concerning industries we find stronger overreaction in healthcare and heavy industry. The study shows the most exceptional optimism in consumer goods/services and IT/telecom.
7
Thamwattana, Ngamta. "Some analytical solutions for probelms involving highly frictional granular materials." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20050308.132445/index.html.
Full text
8
Basman, Alexander R. "Corrosion of stainless steels in bulk and under thin layers of electrolytes /." View thesis, 1993. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030916.170337/index.html.
Full text
9
Wilson, Nicholas Craig, and nick wilson@csiro au. "An investigation of hybrid density functional theory in the calculation of the structure and properties of transition metal oxides." RMIT University. Applied Sciences, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20091217.142149.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is an investigation into the accuracy of hybrid density functional theory to predict the properties of two transition metal oxides: Ilmenite (FeTiO3) and haematite (sigma-Fe2O3). The hybrid density functional theory examined is Becke's B3LYP functional, which is an empirical mix of density functional theory and exact nonlocal exchange from Hartree-Fock theory. For bulk ilmenite, results from the B3LYP functional are compared with Hartree-Fock and pure density functional theory calculations. The computed properties are found to be very sensitive to the treatment of electronic exchange and correlation, with the best results being achieved using the hybrid functional. Calculations performed using the hybrid functional benefit from its better treatment of the electronic self interaction and its reasonable estimate of the pair correlation energy of the doubly occupied Fe-d orbital. To assess the performance of the hybrid functional in simulating Fe2O3 and FeTiO3 with different cation-anion coordination than that found in ilmenite or haematite, studies were performed on their high pressure polymorphs, for which there are a range of experimental results for comparison. This tests the transferability of the functional before examining cases, such as the surfaces of these materials, where there are little or no experimental or theoretical results. For the currently known high pressure polymorphs of ilmenite and haematite, the structural and elastic parameters computed using the hybrid functional are found to be in good agreement with those observed, as is the predicted stability of the phases. In ilmenite, the calculations predict the stability of a new high-pressure polymorph with space group Cmcm, occurring at pressures above 44 GPa. Calculations of the high pressure polymorphs of haematite involve the examination of a range of charge, spin, and magnetic states for each of the polymorphs. Magnetic ordering was found to be important for all the polymorphs, and for each polymorph an antiferromagnetic ordering was found to be lower in energy than the ferromagnetic ordering. The predicted transition pressure from the corundum structure and the magnetic collapse of the Fe3+ cations were in good agreement with experiment. At high pressures the lowest energy configuration for the orthorhombic perovskite structure was computed to occur with mixed high-spin /low-spin Fe3+ cations, in contrast to predictions in the literature of a Fe2+/Fe4+ solution. The CaIrO3-type structure was also computed to be stable with a mixed high-spin/ low-spin Fe3+ configuration at high pressures, and is computed to be the most stable polymorph at pressures above 46 GPa at 0 K. The structure of the ilmenite (0001) surface is examined using the B3LYP functional, and for this surface twelve different terminations are considered, with surface energies and relaxed geometries calculated. The Fe terminated (0001) surface was found to have the lowest cleavage energy, and also to be the most stable surface at low oxygen partial pressures suggesting it is most likely to form when ilmenite is cleaved under high vacuum.
10
Yeoh, Wai Kong. "Processing and characterisation of nano carbon doped MgB2 in form of wire and bulk." Access electronically, 2006. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20061121.122622/index.html.
Full text
11
Warnock, Will G., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Molecular tools reveal hierarchical structure and patterns of migration and gene flow in bull trout (Salvelinus Confluentus) populations of south-western Alberta." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2008, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/740.
Full textAbstract:
Bull trout are a species of fish native to the coldwater mountain streams of
Alberta. Because this species is of special conservation concern and displays finely
dissected population structure, it is well suited as a model species to test the utility of
versatile conservation genetics tools. One such tool, a genetic clustering method, was
used to discern the hierarchical population structure of bull trout in the core of their range
in South-West Alberta. The method also revealed patterns of gene flow by way of
assignment tests. Populations defined by this method were then used as reference
populations for mixed-migrant assignment tests, revealing that clustering method-defined
populations may be more suitable for such tests rather than traditional approaches that
define reference populations by sampling location. Combined with spatial data a
posteriori, assignment tests had additional utility of discerning spatial scale of movement
for juvenile and adult salmonids. This technique provided further evidence that
assignment tests may be powerful indirect tools for evaluating migration, and that longrange
inter-stream dispersal in juvenile salmonid fish may be more common than
previously assumed.xi, 174 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm. --
12
Janek, Alicja. "Analysis of Red Bull's Strategy and its Association with Extreme Sports." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162609.
Full textAbstract:
Sports marketing is divided into three sectors: marketing of a sport, marketing products and services through sports and promotion of a sport to the public. This thesis is mostly referring to marketing through sport, and its analysis of a very unique and innovative organization. Red Bull GmbH is a leader within the dynamic area of energy drinks, a fast-growing area of the beverage sector. The objectives of this thesis are to show how Red Bull develops its marketing strategy and identify the principles and processes involved, to describe the tools and techniques used in their marketing and show how they have been applied. The main goal of this thesis is to explain how effective is the association with extreme sports for Red Bull.
13
Lombardo, Nick, and e56481@ems rmit edu au. "Properties of Composites Containing Spherical Inclusions Surrounded by an Inhomogeneous Interphase Region." RMIT University. Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080408.143315.
Full textAbstract:
The properties of composite materials in which spherical inclusions are embedded in a matrix of some kind, have been studied for many decades and many analytical models have been developed which measure these properties. There has been a steady progression in the complexity of models over the years, providing greater insight into the nature of these materials and improving the accuracy in the measurement of their properties. Some of the properties with which this thesis is concerned are, the elastic, thermal and electrical properties of such composites. The size of the spherical inclusion which acts as the reinforcing phase, has a major effect on the overall properties of composite materials. Once an inclusion is embedded into a matrix, a third region of different properties between the inclusion and matrix is known to develop which is called the interphase. It is well known in the composite community that the smaller the inclusion is, the larger the interphase region which develops around it. Therefore, with the introduction of nanoparticles as the preferred reinforcing phase for some composites, the interphase has a major effect on its properties. It is the aim of this thesis to consider the role of the interphase on the properties of composites by modeling it as an inhomogeneous region. There is much scientific evidence to support the fact that the interphase has an inhomogeneous nature and many papers throughout the thesis are cited which highlight this. By modeling the inhomogeneous properties by arbitrary mathematical functions, results are obtained for the various properties in terms of these general functions. Some specific profiles for the inhomogeneous region are considered for each property in order to demonstrate and test the models against some established results.
14
O'Sullivan, Brendan M. "John Bull's other Ireland : Manchester-Irish identities and a generation of performance." Thesis, University of Chester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/620650.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis provides an auto-ethnographically informed ‘making strange’ of the mise-en-scène of Irish working class domesticity in the North West of England as it was lived during the 1960s, 1970s and into the 1980s. The liminality of being a child of migrant parents is considered and the interstices of experience and identity in and of England and Ireland, Englishness and Irishness are explored. The first chapter of the thesis draws the reader into the initial frame of reference, the personal childhood ethnography that inspired this wider study, and considers Bhabha’s ‘shadow of the nation’ falling ‘on the condition of exile’ as one context for the development of individual identities. The second chapter examines the ways in which a performance studies approach provides a useful method for interrogating matters of place, personhood and citizenship whilst the third chapter introduces performance theory as a mechanism for exploring the ways in which quotidian and cultural performance have been harnessed as tools of negotiation. These are sometimes resistant, sometimes affirmative and sometimes celebratory acts in the construction of new identities. Ongoing performances reveal the embodied histories of individual performers, shaped in part by culture and memory, masking and unmasking to both construct and reveal layered identities. The fourth chapter, provides the most obvious example of traditional fieldwork, and draws on interview extracts to provide key insights into aspects of the diasporic context, identifying and analyzing the many rehearsal and performance opportunities provided by growing up in Irish households in England, where identities were initially formed, informed, and performed. Bridging the distinction between autoethnography, performance ethnography and the ethnography of performance, this chapter engages in discussion with a range of contributors defamiliarising the domestic mise-en-scène whilst simultaneously recognizing a commonality of experience. These interviews are themselves a celebration of Irish identity performance and form an important bridge between the theoretical framework explored in the opening chapters and the subsequent case studies. The final section of the thesis searches out a mirroring of these processes in the construction of theatrical and mediatised performance – providing opportunities to both utilize and observe performance ethnography and the ethnography of performance. It is suggested that Terry Christian provides an affirmative yet angry celebration in a complex performed response to a complex mise-en-scène. A new reading of Steve Coogan’s work then suggests three modes of performance: first, Coogan the outsider satirises British mores; second, Coogan plays sophisticated games of revealing and masking multiple versions of self; third, a searching and ultimately serious engagement with his engagement with Ireland. The application of a performance theory perspective, in the context of this fraction of the Irish diaspora, reveals a playful and generous spirited approach to complex and serious matters of identity and place in the world – to the ways in which lives are led and meanings made through and for the generation of performance.
15
Bordal, Max Gregory. "Quantifying Knickpoint Behavior and Erosion Mechanisms in an Urbanized Watershed, Bull Mountain, Washington County, Oregon." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4340.
Full textAbstract:
Quantifying spatial and temporal patterns of rapid channelized erosion, on human time scales, is critical to understanding its processes and their consequences. This investigation utilized field observations, repeat terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), and Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry (SfM) to document the size and retreat rates of a knickpoint, defined as a localized near-vertical reach of a fluvial channel, and its contribution to erosion, in an urbanizing landscape with a loess substrate. The Bull Mountain area, in Washington County, southwest of Portland, Oregon, is an ideal study area, offering a measurable knickpoint that translates the response of the rapid erosion throughout this transient system. Previous urbanization there has increased peak flows in streams, potentially initiating rapid channel incision and associated slope instability and sediment pollution, affecting real property and infrastructure. Despite the documented increase in discharge, upstream migration rates of the knickpoint, as well as the overall channel erosion rate, were unknown.
Sequential point cloud analysis quantified topographic changes in the landscape, in three dimensions, throughout time. The measured minimum knickpoint migration rates ranged from - 0.23 m/yr to - 2.45 m/yr with an average of - 1.52 m/yr and minimum of total volume eroded of 6.49 m3. The negative sign indicates the upstream direction. An extreme erosion event caused - 12.5 m of erosion in ~ 4.5 months. The interval including the extreme erosion event was recorded separately using traditional measurement techniques and resulted in an average retreat rate of - 4.31 m/yr. Analysis of patterns of erosion revealed four primary modes: exfoliation, large soil block failure, undercutting at the knickpoint base, and upper bank failure. Results from soil analyses indicate a layer of high bulk density (1.85 g/cm3) loess at the base of the upper channel may restrict the channelized incision for that reach and control the height and geometry of the knickpoint face, leading to a parallel mode of retreat. From the observed erosion rates a substrate specific average value of erodibility, or K value, of 0.01 m0.2 yr-1, was determined. As erosion forces the retreat of these knickpoints upstream, the effects of increasing urban runoff are felt throughout the watershed. The work presented here provides insight on the physical controls driving erosion and can serve as a prologue for future mitigation.
16
Nortje, Desiree. "The anti-dynamic tube in mass flow silos /." Connect to this title, 2002. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0042.
Full text
17
Seissl, Stephan. "Processing of New Information in Bull and Bear Markets." St. Gallen, 2007. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01666189002/$FILE/01666189002.pdf.
Full text
18
O'Leary, Caroline Ann. "Inherited renal and cardiac disease in the bull terrier /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16727.pdf.
Full text
19
Prieto, Martínez Noelia. "Aquaporins in boar and bull spermatozoa: identification and functional implications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405771.
Full textAbstract:
Aquaporins (AQPs) are proteins involved in the transport of water and some other solutes across plasma membranes. The fact that mammalian spermatozoa are highly permeable to water suggests the presence of these proteins. Taking into account that AQPs have been poorly studied in male germ cells, the present Thesis Dissertation is focused on the study of the presence, localisation and function of AQP3, AQP7 and AQP11 in the sperm of two major livestock species (porcine and bovine). On the one hand, this Thesis has demonstrated that these three proteins are found in different regions (head, neck or tail) of the ejaculated sperm in both species. On the other hand, this Dissertation has determined the relationship of the relative abundance of AQP3, AQP7 and AQP11 with sperm cryotolerance and in vitro fertilizing ability of frozen-thawed sperm. Following this, AQP3 and AQP7 have been found to be freezability markers in boar sperm, whereas AQP7 and AQP11 have been indentified to be crucial for bull sperm cryotolerance. Altogether, these results contribute to increase our knowledge about the function of these proteins in mammalian sperm and may also allow the selection of those fresh ejaculates that exhibit higher sperm cryotolerance.Les aquaporines són proteïnes relacionades amb el transport d’aigua i altres soluts a través de les membranes plasmàtiques. El fet que l’espermatozoide madur de mamífer sigui una cèl·lula altament permeable a l’aigua suggereix la presència d’aquestes proteïnes. Tenint en compte que les aquaporines s’han estudiat més aviat poc en les cèl·lules germinals masculines, aquesta Tesi Doctoral s’ha centrat en l’estudi de la presència, localització i funció de les aquaporines 3, 7 i 11 en els espermatozoides de dues espècies d’interès productiu (porcina i bovina). D’una banda, aquest estudi ha demostrat que aquestes tres proteïnes es troben en diferents regions (cap, coll o cua) dels espermatozoides d’ambdues espècies. D’altra banda, aquesta Tesi també ha determinat que hi ha una relació entre la quantitat relativa d’aquestes proteïnes, la criotolerància de les ejaculacions i la capacitat fecundant in vitro després de la descongelació, de tal manera que es pot considerar que les AQP3 i AQP7 són marcadors de congelabilitat de l’esperma porcí i les AQP7 i AQP11 ho són de l’esperma boví. En conjunt, tots aquests resultats contribueixen a incrementar el nostre coneixement sobre el paper d’aquestes proteïnes en els espermatozoides de mamífer i permeten una millor selecció de les ejaculacions prèvia a la seva conservació.
20
Alshali, Ruwaida. "Characterization of bulk-fill and conventional light-cured resin-composites in terms of composition and polymer matrix properties." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/characterization-of-bulkfill-and-conventional-lightcured-resincomposites-in-terms-of-composition-and-polymer-matrix-properties(d85d7616-35e5-4a04-a5b3-20458de1e11d).html.
Full textAbstract:
Resin-composites have been used in dentistry as direct restorative materials for over fifty years ago, and meanwhile their properties have been substantially improved. Recently a new class of light-cured resin-composites known as 'bulk-fill' materials has been introduced, and has increased the practical application of resin-composites in comparison to conventional incrementally applied materials. The aim of the present research was to assess bulk-fill resin-composites in comparison to conventional materials with respect to their composition, polymeric structure properties and hygroscopic behaviour in oral and food simulating substances. A variety of bulk-fill and conventional resin-composites were tested in this study. Monomer composition of materials has been qualitatively and quantitatively determined using high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy, and their degree of conversion assessed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It was found that the degree of conversion of the bulk-fill resin-composites was generally comparable to that of conventional materials and appeared to be governed by the type and quantity of monomers comprising the resin matrix. To evaluate the cross-link density of the polymer matrix, the extent of post-irradiation hardness development, chemical softening, and thermal stability were assessed using microhardness and thermogravimetric analysis. Materials showed variable results and it was suggested that two networks were present in the polymerized resin matrix, a primary network forming immediately after curing followed by a secondary network. The secondary network seemed to have poor cross-link density with low resistance to the degradative effects of solvents. Monomer elution from cured materials was assessed using High performance liquid chromatography over three months' storage in three different media. Elution from bulk-fill resin-composites was found to be comparable to that of conventional materials, despite their increased incremental thickness, with remarkably minimal elution taking place from two bulk-fill materials examined. Monomer elution was shown to be highly dependent on the hydrophobicity of the base monomers and the network characteristics of the resin-matrix. UDMA-BisEMA based systems appeared to be more vulnerable in organic solutions than BisGMA and BisGMA-BisEMA based systems in terms of monomer elution. Sorption and solubility were assessed after one years' storage in water and artificial saliva. Water sorption and solubility of resin-composites were material-dependent and highly affected by the filler loading and initial degree of conversion of the polymeric matrix. BisEMA and UDMA-BisEMA based polymer networks appeared to be more hydrophobic and resistant to sorption and solubility than BisGMA based systems in water based media. The bulk-fill and conventional resin-composites tested were considered stable in the long-term water storage, with the exception of one conventional flowable material.
21
Kerr, Mark John, and Mark Kerr@originenergy com au. "Surface, Emitter and Bulk Recombination in Silicon and Development of Silicon Nitride Passivated Solar Cells." The Australian National University. Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, 2002. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20040527.152717.
Full textAbstract:
[Some symbols cannot be rendered in the following metadata please see the PDF file for an accurate version of the Abstract]
¶
Recombination within the bulk and at the surfaces of crystalline silicon has been
investigated in this thesis. Special attention has been paid to the surface passivation achievable
with plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposited (PECVD) silicon nitride (SiN) films due to
their potential for widespread use in silicon solar cells. The passivation obtained with thermally
grown silicon oxide (SiO2) layers has also been extensively investigated for comparison.
¶
Injection-level dependent lifetime measurements have been used throughout this thesis to
quantify the different recombination rates in silicon. New techniques for interpreting the
effective lifetime in terms of device characteristics have been introduced, based on the physical
concept of a net photogeneration rate. The converse relationships for determining the effective
lifetime from measurements of the open-circuit voltage (Voc) under arbitrary illumination have
also been introduced, thus establishing the equivalency of the photoconductance and voltage
techniques, both quasi-static and transient, by allowing similar possibilities for all of them.
¶
The rate of intrinsic recombination in silicon is of fundamental importance. It has been
investigated as a function of injection level for both n-type and p-type silicon, for dopant
densities up to ~5x1016cm-3. Record high effective lifetimes, up to 32ms for high resistivity
silicon, have been measured. Importantly, the wafers where commercially sourced and had
undergone significant high temperature processing. A new, general parameterisation has been
proposed for the rate of band-to-band Auger recombination in crystalline silicon, which
accurately fits the experimental lifetime data for arbitrary injection level and arbitrary dopant
density. The limiting efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells has been re-evaluated using this
new parameterisation, with the effects of photon recycling included.
¶
Surface recombination processes in silicon solar cells are becoming progressively more
important as industry drives towards thinner substrates and higher cell efficiencies. The surface
recombination properties of well-passivating SiN films on p-type and n-type silicon have been
comprehensively studied, with Seff values as low as 1cm/s being unambiguously determined.
The well-passivating SiN films optimised in this thesis are unique in that they are stoichiometric
in composition, rather than being silicon rich, a property which is attributed to the use of dilute
silane as a process gas. A simple physical model, based on recombination at the Si/SiN interface
being determined by a high fixed charge density within the SiN film (even under illumination),
has been proposed to explain the injection-level dependent Seff for a variety of differently doped
wafers. The passivation obtained with the optimised SiN films has been compared to that
obtained with high temperature thermal oxides (FGA and alnealed) and the limits imposed by
surface recombination on the efficiency of SiN passivated solar cells investigated. It is shown
that the optimised SiN films show little absorption of UV photons from the solar spectrum and
can be easily patterned by photolithography and wet chemical etching.
¶
The recombination properties of n+ and p+ emitters passivated with optimised SiN films
and thermal SiO2 have been extensively studied over a large range of emitter sheet resistances.
Both planar and random pyramid textured surfaces were studied for n+ emitters, where the
optimised SiN films were again found to be stoichiometric in composition. The optimised SiN
films provided good passivation of the heavily doped n+-Si/SiN interface, with the surface
recombination velocity increasing from 1400cm/s to 25000cm/s as the surface concentration of
electrically active phosphorus atoms increased from 7.5x1018cm-3 to 1.8x1020cm-3. The
optimised SiN films also provided reasonable passivation of industrial n+ emitters formed in a
belt-line furnace. It was found that the surface recombination properties of SiN passivated p+
emitters was poor and was worst for sheet resistances of ~150./ . The hypothesis that
recombination at the Si/SiN interface is determined by a high fixed charge density within the
SiN films was extended to explain this dependence on sheet resistance. The efficiency potential
of SiN passivated n+p cells has been investigated, with a sheet resistance of 80-100./ and a
base resistivity of 1-2.cm found to be optimal. Open-circuit voltages of 670-680mV and
efficiencies up to ~20% and ~23% appear possible for SiN passivated planar and textured cells
respectively. The recombination properties measured for emitters passivated with SiO2, both n+
and p+, were consistent with other studies and found to be superior to those obtained with SiN
passivation.
¶
Stoichiometric SiN films were used to passivate the front and rear surfaces of various
solar cell structures. Simplified PERC cells fabricated on 0.3.cm p-type silicon, with either a
planar or random pyramid textured front surface, produced high Vocs of 665-670mV and
conversion efficiencies up to 19.7%, which are amongst the highest obtained for SiN passivated
solar cells. Bifacial solar cells fabricated on planar, high resistivity n-type substrates (20.cm)
demonstrated Vocs up to 675mV, the highest ever reported for an all-SiN passivated cell, and
excellent bifaciality factors. Planar PERC cells fabricated on gettered 0.2.cm multicrystalline
silicon have also demonstrated very high Vocs of 655-659mV and conversion efficiencies up to
17.3% using a single layer anti-reflection coating. Short-wavelength internal quantum efficiency
measurements confirmed the excellent passivation achieved with the optimised stoichiometric
SiN films on n+ emitters, while long-wavelength measurements show that there is a loss of
short-circuit current at the rear surface of SiN passivated p-type cells. The latter loss is
attributed to parasitic shunting, which arises from an inversion layer at the rear surface due to
the high fixed charge (positive) density in the SiN layers. It has been demonstrated that that a
simple way to reduce the impact of the parasitic shunt is to etch away some of the silicon from
the rear contact dots. An alternative is to have locally diffused p+ regions under the rear
contacts, and a novel method to form a rear structure consisting of a local Al-BSF with SiN
passivation elsewhere, without using photolithography, has been demonstrated.
22
Gulak, Simon J. B. "Phylogenetics and phylogeography of the bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas (Valenciennes, 1839)." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=186635.
Full textAbstract:
The bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, is an important euryhaline predator that is exploited throughout its range for meat and fins. This species is taxonomically paired with the pigeye shark, C. amboinensis. Validity of this group has not been directly tested using molecular markers. Genetic variation and phylogeny was examined with concatenated datasets of mitochondrial genes (cytb, cox1 and 12stRNA16s) for nineteen species, from three families within the order Carcharhiniformes. Whilst there were indications of species pairings within the genus, there was no evidence to suggest that the bull and pigeye sharks should be considered a species group. Phylogenetic analysis failed to resolve Carcharhinus, but confirmed Negaprion as a sister taxon and placed Prionace glauca within Carcharhinus. It remains unclear if the family Sphyrnidae, arose from a Rhizoprionodon or Scoliodon ancestor and future revision of this complex group of sharks is required. Like other large carcharhinid species, C. leucas exhibits a low reproductive rate and long generation times. It is susceptible to localised depletions and such declines have been documented. The global stock structure was assessed by analysing the mitochondrial control region in 245 individuals sampled from eight populations in three ocean basins. The bull shark exhibits relatively high haplotype diversity (0.896 ± 0.010) when compared to other globally-distributed sharks and the nucleotide diversity was similar to others from the genus (0.00465 ± 0.00014). There was significant stock structure found among populations (ΦST=0.736, p<0.00001) and among ocean basins (ΦCT=0.527, p=0.00653). Geneflow between the US Atlantic coastline and Gulf of Mexico was sufficient to consider the area to be a single panmictic population. Coalescent analyses suggest an Indian Ocean origin with population divergences associated with warm interglacials and increased habitat with drop in sea level during the recent Wisconsin glaciation. Seven discrete stock management units for bull sharks are proposed.
23
Bowerman, Tracy. "A Multi-Scale Investigation of Factors Limiting Bull Trout Viability." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1524.
Full textAbstract:
Effective conservation strategies for imperiled species require an understanding of processes that influence fitness throughout the organism's life cycle and across the range of habitats needed to complete that cycle. I evaluated factors that affect population viability of bull trout Salvelinus confluentus, a threatened freshwater char species, throughout individual life stages and over the entire life cycle. I assessed the relationship between bull trout egg incubation success and environmental variables. Egg survival was negatively related to the percent of fine sediment in redds and positively related to hydraulic conductivity and the strength of downwelling. Next, I quantified juvenile bull trout survival rates and described movement patterns for this life stage. Juvenile bull trout emigrated from natal headwaters into larger rivers throughout the entire year and across a range of sizes. Estimates of juvenile survival rates improved dramatically when emigration was incorporated into the analysis. I integrated my observations of bull trout survival, growth, and movement to create a life-cycle model, which I used to better understand how populations respond to changes in specific demographic rates. Bull trout populations were particularly sensitive to changes in juvenile growth and survival. The relative effect of changes to fertility rates and adult survival varied depending upon whether a population was composed primarily of large, migratory, or smaller, resident individuals. Dispersal helped to lower the probability of extinction for small or declining populations when neighboring populations were stable. My research demonstrates that bull trout require access to habitats throughout entire watersheds to maintain population viability. My results suggest that limiting anthropogenic sources of fine sediment and maintaining areas of channel complexity that promote downwelling can be important for bull trout embryo survival. Management decisions should also consider the diverse behavior of juvenile bull trout and the wide range of habitat they use. Additionally, connectivity between populations is likely to be important for declining populations to persist. The diversity of life-history strategies expressed by bull trout helps maintain demographic stability within and among populations. As such, preservation of habitat integrity and full life-history diversity is imperative for conservation and recovery of bull trout populations range-wide.
24
Hamilton, Doann M. "Sediment Yield Analysis of Reservoir #1, Bull Run Watershed, West Cascade Mountains, Oregon." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4838.
Full textAbstract:
Bull Run Watershed was set aside in late the 1800s as the water supply source for the City of Portland. Other than two dams being constructed, Reservoir #1 (1929) and Reservoir #2 (1962), development of the land had been minimal as public access was restricted. In the early 1960s, land management changed with increased road building and timber removal raising concerns about increased sediment discharge into the reservoirs. The objective of this study is to evaluate how much and how fast the sediment has accumulated in Reservoir #1, and to determine if the rate of sediment accumulation has changed over time. Three methods are utilized: 1) differencing map comparing pre- and postimpoundment sediment conditions, 2) analysis of tree-stumps on reservoir floor, and 3) gravity coring of reservoir sediment. Combining these methods, sediment volume is estimated between 254,000-422,000 cubic meters (332,000-552,000 cubic yards) and the rate of accumulation between 11.5-19.1 tonnes/km2/yr, reflecting a relatively low sediment yield rate. Two anomalous event-layers were identified in gravity cores collected. These are interpreted to be the 1964 flood and the 1972 North Fork Slide. Using these two events, sediment yield rate was divided into different historical segments: 15.33 (1930-1965); 43.62 (1965-1972); and 17.00 tonnes/km2/yr (1972-1993). The increase from 1965-1972 is attributed to either residual affects from the 1964 flood and/or changes in land management activities during this time. The source of the reservoir sediment is primarily from upper tributaries, with 20 percent being attributed to the anomalous events. Smaller amounts of sediment come from the reservoir side walls as lake levels raise and lower. Suspension and turbidity conditions in the reservoir are affected by the dynamics of the drainage system including seasonal fluctuations. Turbidity remains high at the upper reaches of the reservoir before settling out closer to the dam. Some sediment possibly leaves the reservoir over the spill-way or when water is removed for power production.
25
Cruz, João António Mendes da. "Structural changes in duration of bull and bear markets and their connection with business cycles." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14637.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Econometria Aplicada e PrevisãoO presente trabalho analisa relações entre finanças e macroeconomia, procurando responder a como quebras de estrutura na duração dos mercados bull e bear estão ligadas aos ciclos económicos. Para tal, é revisto o teste de quebras de estrutura proposto por Nicolau (2016) e são introduzidos dois testes alternativos, que através de um estudo de simulação Monte Carlo, evidenciam menos sobre-rejeição para alguns processos geradores de dados, provando ser úteis na obtenção de resultados robustos. Aplicamos os testes a uma base de dados composta por índices bolsistas de 38 mercados desenvolvidos e em emersão, ajustados à capitalização de mercado, construídos pela Morgan Stanley Capital International. Nos resultados obtidos encontramos várias quebras de estrutura que revelam estar ligadas a eventos macroeconómicos, além disso, existe evidência estatística de que decréscimos na duração dos ciclos de mercado bull antecedem o pico dos ciclos económicos.
The present work analyses relations between finance and macroeconomics, aiming to answer how structural changes in duration of bull and bear markets are connected with business cycles. In order to do so, we review the structural change test proposed by Nicolau (2016) and introduce two similar alternatives, which through a Monte Carlo simulation study, show less over-rejection for some data generating processes, proving to be useful in obtaining robust results. We apply the tests to a database consisting on adjusted market capitalization stock market indexes of 38 developed and emerging markets, constructed by Morgan Stanley Capital International. In our results we find several structural changes that seem to be linked to macroeconomic events, furthermore, there is statistical evidence that decreases in duration of bull market cycles anticipate the peak of business cycles.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
26
Romero, Natasha Elizabeth. "Evaluation of traits associated with bucking bull performance and behavior." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3097.
Full text
27
Negrin-Pereira, Nicolás. "Factors Affecting Testicular Growth and Development in the Beef Bull." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/30680.
Full textAbstract:
At present no single parameter can predict potential daily sperm production (DSP) in bulls. Sertoli cells (SC) are responsible for nourishing and providing physical support to germ cells (GC) throughout spermatogenesis. The size of the SC population established before puberty is one of the major factors determining DSP in the bull. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a technique used for diagnostic purposes in many species but its application to determine the size of the SC population remains unexplored. Our objectives were to compare two stains (immunohistochemistry vs. conventional HE) and three techniques to determine SC density in neonatal and prepubertal bulls [22G FNA (SMEAR), 14G needle with vacuum (CORE) and tissue section (HIS)], and the effects of three different interventions on testicular growth, development and cytology in neonates, pre and peripubertal bulls: corn supplementation during mid to late gestation of dams, the age of the dam and the administration of vitamin A.
The significant correlation observed between GC and SC counts in neonatal and prepubertal bulls, highlighted the relationship between both cell populations established in the early gonad. Although no significant correlation existed between techniques for SC density, the significant relationship established between SC counts and GATA4+ cell density implies the process can be automated.
Corn supplementation to multiparous dams during mid to late gestation did not have any effect on testicular gross parameters and cytology in neonatal bulls coincident with the lack of differences in fetal growth between treatments.
No significant differences in scrotal circumference, testicular weight or cytology existed between prepubertal bulls from primiparous heifers or adult multiparous cows. Nevertheless, bulls from heifers had lower bodyweights at 194 days of age compared with bulls from cows.
The administration of vitamin A to peripubertal bulls had no effect on scrotal circumference, testicular weight or cytology. Nevertheless, epididymis in treated bulls were significantly heavier than non-treated animals.
The data generated in the present experiments highlights the need for more research to generate new interventions aiming to influence the size of the SC population in the testis and the potential daily sperm production in the beef bull.North Dakota EPSCoR Doctoral Dissertation Assistantship (DDA) program
28
Lerner, Mitchell Brian. "The lonely bull : the Pueblo incident and American foreign policy /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
Full text
29
Hebron, Judith Susan. "Bullying of children and young people with autism spectrum disorders : an investigation into prevalence, victim role, risk and protective factors." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/bullying-of-children-and-young-people-with-autism-spectrum-disorders-an-investigation-into-prevalence-victim-role-risk-and-protective-factors(1314288c-bee7-4003-8b74-032465001163).html.
Full textAbstract:
Being the victim of bullying is a problem for many children and young people, yet challenges in defining the term and methodological issues have made research findings difficult to compare (Pugh & Chitiyo, 2012). Nevertheless, there is agreement that certain factors at different ecological levels can raise or lower the likelihood of being bullied, and that children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) tend to be more vulnerable than their peers without ASD. The social impairments at the core of ASD have led to these children being termed “perfect victims” (Klin, Volkmar, & Sparrow, 2000, p. 6), although their developmental and behavioural profiles may mean that some bullying research conducted with typically developing peers is inappropriate for this group. Nevertheless, if left unaddressed, the problem of bullying may prevent inclusion in school and have serious negative effects on the child.The aim of the current study was to investigate prevalence, victim role, risk and protective factors for being bullied among children and young people with ASD, using a representative sample taken from the evaluation of Achievement for All (Humphrey et al., 2011). An embedded mixed methods design was used to permit a richer understanding of being bullied. For the risk and protection analyses there were 722 responses from teachers and 119 from parents concerning children with ASD. Teachers and parents completed a survey on bullying and wider outcome areas, with additional contextual data collected. Data were analysed using multiple regression, including a cumulative risk analysis. There were five focus pupils in the qualitative strand, and interviews were conducted with teachers, parents and pupils to investigate issues around being bullied. Thematic analysis was used to explore the interview data.Results indicated that children and young people with ASD were bullied more than other pupils with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities, although actual prevalence varied greatly according to the method of measurement. Children with ASD were more likely to be victims, although the proportion of bully-victims was higher than in the general population. A multiple regression analysis with bullying mean score as the dependent variable indicated that 43% of variance was attributable to the predictor variables in the teacher model, and 38% in the parent one. Risk factors were having higher levels of behaviour problems, being in Years 5, 7 and 10 (compared with Year 1), use of public/school transport to get to school, and being at School Action Plus; protective factors were increased positive relationships, attending a special school, and higher levels of parental engagement and confidence. Bullying rose according to the number risks to which a child was exposed, and the rise was exponential in the teacher model. Qualitative results allowed an exploration of the experience of bullying and processes contributing to vulnerability, with transition emerging as an additional concern. Implications and directions for future research are discussed in the context of these findings.
30
Nortje, Desiree. "The anti-dynamic tube in mass flow silos." University of Western Australia. School of Civil and Resource Engineering, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0042.
Full textAbstract:
Storage of granular solids in silos has been the practice for many years. Engineers have been faced with the problem of making the silos empty more efficiently and minimising the forces acting on the walls of the silo during material discharge. To this end the anti-dynamic tube was invented. The tube has a smaller diameter than the silo and consists of several portholes along its height and around its circumference. When the discharge gate of the silo is opened the granular material enters the tube through the portholes, flows down the inside of the tube and exits the silo through the discharge gate. Most tubes have been installed such that there was sufficient space between the base of the tube and silo bottom for the granular material to flow simultaneously through the discharge gate. The flowing material causes a down drag on the tube from the friction of the granular material on the walls of the tube. Previous research has underestimated the magnitude of these frictional forces resulting in catastrophic buckling failure of the tubes, blocking the discharge gate of the silo. A blockage of the discharge gate requires top emptying of the silo resulting in financial losses and down time of equipment. A steel model silo with an anti-dynamic tube was set up in the laboratory to measure the friction on the tube during material flow. From the results of these experiments, an equation has been derived to estimate the magnitude of the down-drag force. Furthermore, an empirical expression was developed for the effects of the speed of the flowing material on the magnitude of the down-drag force. To keep construction costs down, it is necessary to optimise the wall thickness of the tube. There is currently no theory for the buckling capacity of a thin walled cylindrical shell with multiple perforations around its height and circumference. Therefore additional experiments were undertaken on a cylindrical shell with multiple perforations subjected to a combination of an axial as well as an external lateral pressure. Following on from the experiments, finite element analyses were undertaken to compare with the experimental results. For each finite element analysis an out-of-roundness was introduced as an initial wall imperfection. From these analyses and the cylinder experiments, a method of producing interaction curves for tubes with varying ratios of open area has been developed.
31
Warnock, Will G. "Examining brook trout invasion into bull trout streams of the Canadian Rockies." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Biological Sciences, c2012, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3377.
Full textAbstract:
Brook trout invasion into bull trout streams is variable, and likely influenced by a suite of
biotic and abiotic factors. Field observations revealed that brook trout dominated the fish
community over bull trout in warmer sites that had undercut banks; in contrast, bull trout
dominated in colder sites that had a high amount of large substrate cover, and where
alternate non-native species were present. Laboratory studies of competition between the
two species revealed that bull trout use a scramble foraging tactic, whereas brook trout
use a territorial tactic. Bull trout outcompeted brook trout when fish density was low and
habitat complexity was high, as this scenario reduced the effectiveness of the aggressive
territorial foraging strategy of brook trout. Bull trout from a migratory population
competed more successfully against brook trout and had higher rates of oxygen
consumption than those from a resident population. This combined field-lab study points
to some of the abiotic and biotic factors that affect competition between the two species,
and may influence the outcome of brook trout invasion into bull trout streams.xiv, 184 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm
32
Hall, Aubrey Lynne. "Incredi-bull-ly Inclusive?: Assessing the Climate on a College Campus." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5233.
Full textAbstract:
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) students have unique experiences on campus such as discrimination, exclusivity, and homo/transphobia. Stated simply, this research project intends to address these issues by 1) identify students' perceptions of gender identity and sexual orientation diversity on campus, 2) identify the experiences of LGBT students during their time at the institution, and 3) acknowledge suggestions from the student body for ways the University being studied is, or may continue to be, inclusive of sexual orientation and gender identity.
Through the application of the campus climate framework and modification of existing climate surveys, a student-centered campus climate survey was distributed to various classes and student organizations. After a distribution period of seven weeks, the analysis of the data brought about many findings. This study determined that, while students acknowledge that the University attempts to be inclusive, LGBT students continue to experience harassment and discrimination. Individual and systematic interventions as well as suggestions for resource expansion were also provided by students as a means to cultivate a more welcoming environment.
With a concluding recommendation that research should continue to be conducted thoroughly and regularly, the University should consider this study the tip of an iceberg when attempting to understand students' perceptions of campus climate. More systematic and intersectional research needs be conducted on campus to determine the how varying student populations interpret everyday life on their college campus.
33
Newlon, Courtney. "An Evaluation of Bull Trout Movement Dynamics in the Walla Walla River." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7361.
Full textAbstract:
Bull trout are a fish species listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act.Historically, they ranged from Northern California at the southernmost extent, into Canada at the northern most extent, and east into Nevada and Montana. Bull trout are highly migratory and require large, unfragmented habitats to persist and are thus highly susceptible to human induced land-use practices. The goal of my thesis was to obtain a better understanding of bull trout movement patterns in the Walla Walla River, Washington using complimentary techniques; Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT)technology and otolith microchemistry. PIT tags can be injected into a fish body cavity, similar to how pets are “chipped”, and as the fish swim through antennas placed in the river, their location and movements are be documented.Otolith microchemistry is a technique that is similar to analysis of tree rings. The otolith, a hard bony structure of a fish’s ear, develops over a lifetime and as the rings of the otolith are created the chemical signature in the water in which they live is recorded and can be compared to chemical makeup of water samples collected through the river system. Using these two techniques, I found that the age or size of a fish and the season are important factors to explain both a fish’s movements and where in the river a fish might be located at a given time. Knowing at what size, age and season a fish is attempting to migrate allows managers to provide the best possible river conditions (e.g., temperatures, flow) to allow for unimpeded migrations to occur and to foster conservation and recovery of bull trout populations.
34
Chandolia, Ramesh Kumar. "Early gonadotropin secretion and sexual maturation in bull calves and ram lambs." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq23981.pdf.
Full text
35
Hidayat, Noor 1952. "Baseflow evaluation of a logged small watershed of the Bull Run River, Oregon." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278028.
Full textAbstract:
The impact of logging operation on baseflow yield on the Bull Run Municipal watershed, Oregon was examined. Daily streamflow data, from 1958 to 1984, for the three small watersheds on the Bull Run river were analyzed. The baseflow recession coefficient was determined by analyses of successive days flows. Least squares and linear regression analysis were utilized to evaluate the effect of treatments. It was shown that logging of 25 percent of total treated watershed reduced mean daily baseflow yield, but this was not significantly different at either the 0.05 or 0.01 level. Also, it was shown by the untreated watershed that there was a significant difference, at the 0.05 level, of baseflow yield between the period of pre- and post-logging. The decreased baseflow yield may have resulted from decreasing fog drip and increasing evaporation rate in the logged areas and from decreasing precipitation on the watersheds during the post-logging period.
36
Alrrshedan, Marrwa. "Photoluminescence from Bulk GaN Substrates." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2802.
Full textAbstract:
Photoluminescence (PL) has been studied from different types of bulk GaN samples grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy technique at Kyma Technologies. Point defects in bulk and at the surface affect the electrical and optical properties of GaN and could be analyzed by PL. The surface of the samples was polished with different techniques: one is chemical mechanical polish (CMP) and another is mechanical polish (MP). PL data from MP and CMP surfaces show that PL intensity from the CMP-treated surface is much higher than that from the MP-treated surface. This can be explained by defects formed during the process of MP polish. However, after the MP-treated surface is etched with RIE method, the optical quality of the MP-treated surface improves. In particular, as the depth of etching increases from 50 nm to 700 nm, the PL intensity increases by a factor of 1000. PL from the CMP surfaces of undoped bulk GaN samples contains a broad red luminescence (RL) band and a broad green luminescence (GL) band. However, PL from the CMP surfaces of Fe-doped GaN samples contained a blue luminescence band (labeled as BL2 in literature) and the yellow luminescence (YL) band. PL from MP-treated surfaces (both undoped and Fe-doped) was very weak and it contained relatively narrow red and green bands. These bands, labeled RL2 and GL2, respectively, are quenched at relatively low temperatures, in contrast to the RL and GL bands which are almost independent of temperature in the range from 15 to 300 K.
37
Rathmann, Ryan James. "Effects of conventional or low bull to female ratio and utilization of reproductive tract scores in extensively-managed, natural mating breeding groups." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4676.
Full textAbstract:
The current study involved two experiments which were conducted at the Texas
A&M Agricultural Research and Extension Center in Uvalde (semi-arid environment)
from 2002 to 2004. In experiment one, Bonsmara bulls (n = 19; 20-24 mo of age) were
joined with multiparous, crossbred females (n =586) for 90 d in 2003 and 2004. Bulls
were allotted by selected physical traits, seminal traits, social rank, and serving capacity
to one of two bull to female ratio (BFR) treatments: Conventional (1:21-1:29; n = 6
pastures) or Low (1:47-1:52; n = 2 pastures) BFR. Pregnancy rate (P = 0.33), calving
rate (P = 0.26), and calving date (P = 0.22) did not differ between Conventional and Low
BFR treatments. Post-breeding evaluation of bulls in 2002 (n = 16) indicated that social
rank, but not seminal traits, was significantly correlated with pre-breeding values (P <
0.05). The current study demonstrates that Low BFR can be utilized in single- and multisire,
90-d breeding pastures of up to 2,090 ha without adversely affecting reproductive
performance.
In experiment two, yearling, one-half or three-quarter Bonsmara heifers (n = 106;
11-14 mo of age) were palpated per rectum and assigned a reproductive tract score (RTS)
immediately prior to the beginning of the breeding season. Reproductive performance was measured in their two subsequent breeding years in order to estimate the value of the
RTS system in extensively-managed, natural mating, 90-d breeding season programs.
RTS was positively correlated (p < 0.01) with frame score (r = 0.25), age (r = 0.31),
weaning weight (r = 0.47), and the weight of the heifer on the day of RTS exam (r =
0.56). The RTS means by dam parity also differed (P < 0.03). A lower (P < 0.01)
percentage of females conceived during each of their first two breeding seasons for
heifers of RTS 1 and 2 (65.2%) than for heifers of RTS 3, 4, and 5 (91.2%). Females
with a RTS of 1 had a lower pregnancy rate over each of their first two breeding seasons,
conceived later during their first breeding season, weaned lighter first calves, and
remained lighter each year for fall body weight and body condition score than did heifers
with RTS of 2 to 5 (P < 0.05). Collectively, the results of the current study indicate that
heifers with a RTS of 1 immediately prior to a 90-d breeding season should be culled.
Consideration should also be given to eliminating RTS 2 heifers, but further studies will
be needed to confirm the potential economic advantage of this practice.
38
Utt, Matthew Douglas. "Relationships between in vivo and in vitro heterospermic ranking, embryo development, and sperm characteristics of Holstein and Jersey bulls." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1357274164.
Full text
39
Wallin, Lena, Maria Gahm, and Armend Muqkurtaj. "Varumärkeskommunikation för marknadsledare : En studie av Red Bull's varumärkeskommunikationoch image." Thesis, Linnaeus University, School of Social Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-6089.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this thesis is to through brand communication and Red Bull’simage examine how they position themselves as leaders on the Swedish energydrink market. We chose relevant theories within buzz marketing, word ofmouth, sampling and events. Our method of preference was quantitativequestionnaires which we spred through email to students at the LinneausUniversity and other social networks such as Facebook and blogs. Our empiricalstudy is based on our questionnaires and information about Red Bull. Throughanalyze of our empirical study we could draw general conclusions on Red Bull’sdemographic and attitudes the consumers have against the brand and theirproducts.
From our results we could see how wide and impressive Red Bull’sbrand communication is, and how people who don’t even buy their products stillknow about them and see them as better than their competitors as well as theleading brand on the Swedish energy drink market. Through consistent brandcommunication and communication methods that support and strengthen eachother, Red Bull has managed to retain their position as leaders on the energydrink market in Sweden. Red Bull was the first brand on this market and can tothis very day benefit from the advantages of being first, and own a place inconsumer minds as “the original”, top-of-mind and even synonymous withenergy drinks. The company have adapted some changes in their product line,just like their competitors, but haven’t been affected more noticeably by thecompetition on the market.
40
Kishanlal, Premchand Bharath Bethala. "Bulk silicon based temperature sensor." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001376.
Full text
41
Warr, Richard S. "The decline of inflation and the bull market of 1982 to 1997." [Florida] : State University System of Florida, 1998. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/amd0032.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Florida, 1998.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 69 p.; also contains graphics in color. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 66-68).
42
Devitt, Crosby Jordan Blake. "Genetic parameter estimates for finished steer carcass and yearling bull ultrasound measurements." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0026/MQ51058.pdf.
Full text
43
Vanek, Joseph Keith. "The economic value of carcass traits, and their differences across bull sales." Thesis, Montana State University, 2007. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2007/vanek/VanekJ1207.pdf.
Full text
44
Hägglund, Melina. "Come Get Your Honey : Hur spelet Red Bull Secret Gig användes i praktiken." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-158267.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to analyze how the mobile augmented reality game Red Bull Secret Gig was made in practise by its users. Red Bull Secret Gig was a game that was a part of the release of Swedish pop star Robyns new album. The prize of the game was two tickets to a secret show with the pop star. Interviews, group interviews walkthroughs of the game written by its creators and posts published in the official Facebook group for the game has been used as a material base for analyzing Red Bull Secret Gig. The theoretical framework for this study consists of communication theories such as Stuart Hall’s Encoding/Decoding, Henry Jenkins theories about convergence culture, participatory culture, astroturfing, engaging as labor and collective intelligence and also theories about gamification and motivation. Findings include elements of the game being designed to be motivational for its users, how users came together to figure out how to gain points in the game, users bad experiences of the game, Red Bulls presence in the game, how users different economic and social situations could affect their progress in the game and the price of the prize. Conclusions of this study includes the official Facebook group being dependent on users engagement, users feelings and opinions about Red Bulls presence being split and users perception of the ticket being for free.
45
Rowe, Charles William. "Bulk coating processes with sodium silicate slurries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10604.
Full text
46
Chavez, Stephen John. "Feeding behaviors and performance measurements in bucks, rams, and bulls." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5716.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2008.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 91 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
47
Haas, Gordon Robert. "The systematics, zoogeography and evolution of Dolly Varden and bull trout in British Columbia." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27931.
Full textAbstract:
An analysis of the systematics, zoogeography and evolution of the Dolly Varden char species complex in British Columbia is presented. These features of this species complex and the morphometric statistical procedures used in these analyses have both long been the subjects of strong debate and also have recently seen much renewed interest and work. This thesis assesses both these areas and is divided into those two parts. The first section deals with these three biological topics, and the second section contains a synthesis and exploratory data assessment of the commonly
used morphometric techniques and provides some new methodology for understanding their requirements and interpreting their results.
PART I
1. The systematics of the Dolly Varden char species complex is examined by using principal component analysis (PCA) to designate typological species groupings and then employing linear discriminant function analysis on a reduced set of significant characters to classify the remaining specimens. This typological distinction is verified with distributional information that reveals no interbreeding of the species in areas of parapatry and sympatry, and with preliminary information regarding intra- and inter- specific crosses, spawning colouration, skull osteology, cytology and embryology. This data is also suggestive of competitive exclusion and character displacement. All these results indicate that the Dolly Varden char species complex in B.C. is composed of two species, Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) and bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus).
2. The zoogeography of these two species is analyzed using canonical trend surface analysis (CTS). CTS can potentially separate confounding non-geographic morphometric information from the data and thus could allow historical zoogeograpbic patterns to be inferred from that data which corresponds to geography. Such a reconstruction reveals the possible glacial refuge origins and post-glacial recolonization patterns of these two species for each of the major river drainages in B.C..
3. The evolution of these two species is assessed through the implementation of PCA to fit the cross-sectional morphometric data to an ontogenetic model. The resultant PCA size and shape vectors effectively portray allometric trends which indicate that Dolly Varden could have evolved from bull trout through neotenic paedomorphosis. This result is supported with data on growth rates and developmental homeostasis.
PART II
4. A synthesis of the available but widely scattered and disparate information on the data and statistical requirements for morphometric statistics reveals the analytical problems that can result from not approximating underlying test assumptions. These assumptions are important, but are not appreciated or often assessed. Simple recommendations and rarely used tests for dealing with these requirements are provided.
5. The effectiveness and compatability of four bivariate morphometric techniques (ratios, log₁₀ ratios, allometric regression, regression residuals) are assessed. All methods provide similar but ineffective individual ordination and group separation. Their effects on characters differ greatly and are often unrealistic. None of these methods effectively removes all the confounding allometric size information, but allometric regression will usually be the best bivariate procedure.
6. A similar assessment of four multivariate morphometric procedures (covariance matrix PCA, correlation matrix PCA, shear matrix PCA, size-constrained matrix PCA) is undertaken. Size-constrained PCA results in non-orthogonal vectors that also do not represent the traditional multivariate morphometric size and shape vectors. As well, the character and individual information it provides is unrealistic. The other three techniques result in similar and effective individual ordination, group separation and removal of confounding allometric size information. PCA on a covariance matrix is likely the best multivariate method since it provides the most realistic size adjustment and character information.
7. PCA is often carried out on data which has been previously adjusted through bivariate procedures. An examination of this method demonstrates that it results in no benefits since the multivariate morphometric size and shape vectors are lost, and the data variation is no longer synthesized into only two or three resultant significant vectors.
8. PCA is also performed on mixed character data sets (continuous and discontinuous data). An assessment of this procedure shows that it provides improved group separation, but the representation
of characters, individuals and multivariate morphometric size and shape relationships is confounded and unrealistic. There also is a slight reduction in data synthesis.
9. A methodology for back-transforming PCA output into the original and more intuitively comprehensible data scale, format and dimensions is given. This back-transformation also verifies the traditional belief that the first resultant PCA morphometric vector is size and that the second is shape. Separate unconfounded matrices for size and shape information in which only the significant data variation is accounted for can thus be independently back transformed.Science, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate
48
Irons, Pete Charles. "Diagnosis of Tritrichomonas foetus in bulls by culture and PCR methods." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23549.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this work was to examine the effects of sampling method on accuracy of culture for Tritrichomonas foetus; and the effects of sampling method, time delay, and addition of a DNA preservative on the accuracy of a PCR test. Samples from two different sources were used for Experiment 1. Preputial scrapings were collected from one group of three infected and one uninfected bull 10 times. Secondly, samples were collected from 5 infected bulls by both sheath washing and scraping on 6 occasions, while 8 uninfected animals were sampled three or more times. Twenty nine out of 30 samples from the first sample set were found to be positive, and 83 % of samples collected by both methods for the second sample set tested positive. No samples from the control bulls were found to be positive. Scraping was found to offer significant practical advantages over washing. It may be subject to greater operator variability than sheath washing. The second experiment utilised the same samples as were used for the second data set under Experiment 1. Guanidinium thiocyanate (GuSCN) was added to half of each sample. Each sample was cultured, while all samples were subjected to DNA extraction within 6 and 30 hours and after 5 days of storage at 4 °C. PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis was performed. No samples from the control animals tested positive on PCR. The sensitivity of the PCR on samples from infected bulls ranged from 0,9 in samples extracted within 6 hours to 0,31 in samples extracted after 5 days. Sampling method had no effect with the exception of samples held for 5 days with GuSCN, where sheath washing was superior to scraping. The addition of GuSCN had no effect. Holding time reduced sensitivity at 5 days, but the effect was not significant at 30 hours. It is concluded that preputial scraping is equal in sensitivity to washing for culture of Tritrichomonas foetus. Preputial samples for PCR testing should be submitted as soon as possible after collection, and the addition of GuSCN has no effect. Samples collected by sheath washing may be superior to those collected by scraping for PCR testing. The requirement for a test with sufficient sensitivity to allow reliable identification of infected bulls based on one sample has not been met with the described method.Dissertation (MMedVet (Gyn))--University of Pretoria, 2002.
Production Animal Studies
unrestricted
49
Ayas, Can. "Theoretical And Experimental Investigation Of Bulk Glass Forming Ability In Bulk Amorphous Alloy Systems." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605884/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
In this study molecular dynamics simulation program in NVT ensemble using Velocity Verlet integration was written in order to investigate the glass forming ability of two metallic systems. The Zn-Mg system, one of the frontiers of simple metal-metal metallic glasses and Fe-B, inquiring attention due to presence of many bulk glass forming alloy systems evolved from this binary with different alloying element additions. In addition to this, atomistic calculations on the basis of ordering were carried out for both Zn-Mg and Fe-B systems. Ordering energy values are calculated using electronic theory of alloys in pseudopotential approximation and elements which increase the ordering energy between atoms were determined. The elements which increase the ordering energy most were selected as candidate elements in order to design bulk amorphous alloy systems.
In the experimental branch of the study centrifugal casting experiments were done in order to see the validity of atomistic calculations. Industrial low grade ferroboron was used as the master alloy and pure element additions were performed in order to constitute selected compositions. Fe62B21Mo5W2Zr6 alloy was successfully vitrified in bulk form using nearly conventional centrifugal casting processing. Specimens produced were characterized using SEM, XRD, and DSC in order to detect the amorphous structure and also the crystalline counterpart of the structure when the cooling rate is lower. Sequential peritectic and eutectic reaction pattern was found to be important for metallic glasses which can be vitrified in bulk forms with nearly conventional solidification methods.
50
CAC, FRANKY EDUARDO REYES. "METROLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSIENT BEHAVIOR OF A WET BULB AND DRY BULB PSYCHROMETER." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2005. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=6718@1.
Full textAbstract:
PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROEste trabalho apresenta um estudo do comportamento transiente de um medidor de umidade tipo bulbo úmido e bulbo seco, assim como a determinação da umidade do ar em diferentes condições ambientais, que foram simuladas em laboratório. O psicrômetro do tipo bulbo úmido e bulbo seco é amplamente utilizado na indústria de ar condicionado, na monitoração da umidade em ambientes fechados, nas estações de meteorologia para a monitoração da umidade da atmosfera, e na prevenção das condições climáticas. Para o desenvolvimento do presente trabalho, foi construído um psicrômetro do tipo bulbo úmido e bulbo seco de ar aspirado, utilizando dois termômetros separados por uma placa de acrílico. Os termômetros utilizados foram tipo PT-100 e tipo Termopar. Na avaliação do conteúdo de umidade do ar, foi utilizada a medição de temperatura registrada por dois termômetros que compõem o psicrômetro, onde um deles registra a temperatura do ar que incide sobre o psicrômetro e serve como referência; e o segundo termômetro, recoberto com uma mecha molhada com água destilada, registra uma temperatura mais baixa devido ao fenômeno de resfriamento evaporativo, o qual é conseqüência da transferência de calor e massa entre a mecha molhada e o ar forçado a passar através dela. Na avaliação do comportamento transiente do psicrômetro, foram aplicados diferentes modelos de ajuste aos dados experimentais, procurando aquele que melhor representasse o comportamento através do tempo do termômetro bulbo úmido. Entre os modelos de ajuste estão: o linear, o exponencial, a soma de dois exponenciais, o racional, o polinomial de grau 6 e o exponencial linear (soma de exponencial com linha reta). A cada um dos modelos foi aplicado o método dos mínimos quadrados, e foi determinado por meio do critério de Akaike que o modelo exponencial linear é o melhor modelo de ajuste. As incertezas das constantes dos diferentes modelos de ajuste foram calculadas através do método das diferenças finitas. São apresentados os valores das constantes de tempo para diferentes valores de velocidade do ar e diferentes graus de umidade, tanto para os termômetros PT-100 quanto para o tipo Termopar. Finalmente, são apresentados os resultados da aplicação da regressão linear múltipla entre as constantes de tempo, a velocidade e a umidade do ar, tanto para o psicrômetro baseado nos termômetros tipo PT-100 quanto nos termômetros tipo Termopar. A presente pesquisa de mestrado contribui para o desenvolvimento da metrologia térmica no Brasil.
This work presents a study of the transient behavior of a wet bulb and dry bulb psychrometer, as well as the determination of the humidity of air under different environment conditions. The wet bulb and dry bulb psychrometer are widely used in the air conditioning industry, for monitoring the humidity in closed environments, and in meteorology stations for the monitoring the atmosphere humidity and in the prevention of the climatic conditions. For the development of the present work, a wet bulb and dry bulb aspirated psychrometer was built, using two thermometers, which are physically separated by an acrylic plate. Two types of thermometers were used: PT-100 and Thermocouple. In the evaluation of the humidity content, the measurement of temperature was been registered by two thermometers (used as the psychrometer components), where one of them registers the temperature of the air that impacts the psychrometer and serves as reference; and the other one covered by a wick wet with distilled water, registers a lower temperature due to the phenomenon of evaporative cooling, which is a consequence of the mass transfer between the wet wick and the air that is forced to pass through it. In the evaluation of the transient behavior of the psychrometer different models of adjustment to the experimental data have been applied, seeking the best theoretical model that represented the behaviour through the time of the humid bulb thermometer. Among the adjustment models are: the linear one, the exponential one, the addition of two exponential ones, the rational one, polynomial of exponential degree 6 and the linear one (which adds the exponential curve and the straight line). For each of the models the method of the minimum square had been applied, and it was found by means of the of Aikaike´s criterion that the linear exponential model is the best one. The uncertainties of the constants of the different models of adjustment were calculated through the method of the finite differences. The values of the time constants of time for different values of air speed and different degrees of humidity for both thermometers PT-100 and Thermocouple type had been presented. Finally, the results of the application of the multiple linear regression are presented among the time constants, the speed, and the humidity of air for both psychrometer based on the thermometers PT- 100 type and the thermometers Thermocouple type. This MSc research contributes towards the development of the thermal metrology in Brazil.