Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bulk inorganic carbonate

Academic literature on the topic 'Bulk inorganic carbonate'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Bulk inorganic carbonate"

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Zhang, Xiang, Xin Chen, Ming Hui Feng, Zai Fang Zheng, Gong Pei Pan, and Hui Ping Lv. "Influences of Bulking and Porous Structure on Barium Nitrate as Pyrotechnic Oxidants." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.27.

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An experimental investigation was carried out to explore the major physical and chemical properties of expanded barium nitrate. Expanded barium nitrate with porous structure was made. The method is as follows: moderately evaporate the solution of barium nitrate and inorganic vesicant; heat the crystallized mixture to decompose the inorganic vesicants. The inorganic vesicants are potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium oxalate, potassium acetate, ammonium acetate and ammonium perchlorate. The SEM shows that the modified barium nitrate with potassium carbonate has obvious porous structure. The bulk density of the modified barium nitrate with ammonium perchlorate decreases by 14.6% and the hygroscopicity of that with ammonium oxalate is only 0.06%. The one with sodium carbonate decomposes at 300°C. The safety test shows that both the impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity are 0%.
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Wang, Jirong, Xiaolin Xie, Zhigang Xue, Christophe Fliedel, and Rinaldo Poli. "Ligand- and solvent-free ATRP of MMA with FeBr3 and inorganic salts." Polymer Chemistry 11, no. 7 (2020): 1375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9py01840a.

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A new cost-effective and safe protocol for the bulk ATRP of MMA uses FeBr3, EBrPA and an inorganic compound (carbonate, bicarbonate, phosphate, hydroxide, chloride, bromide) of an alkali metal cation.
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Schobben, Martin, Sebastiaan van de Velde, Jana Gliwa, Lucyna Leda, Dieter Korn, Ulrich Struck, Clemens Vinzenz Ullmann, et al. "Latest Permian carbonate carbon isotope variability traces heterogeneous organic carbon accumulation and authigenic carbonate formation." Climate of the Past 13, no. 11 (November 22, 2017): 1635–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1635-2017.

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Abstract. Bulk-carbonate carbon isotope ratios are a widely applied proxy for investigating the ancient biogeochemical carbon cycle. Temporal carbon isotope trends serve as a prime stratigraphic tool, with the inherent assumption that bulk micritic carbonate rock is a faithful geochemical recorder of the isotopic composition of seawater dissolved inorganic carbon. However, bulk-carbonate rock is also prone to incorporate diagenetic signals. The aim of the present study is to disentangle primary trends from diagenetic signals in carbon isotope records which traverse the Permian–Triassic boundary in the marine carbonate-bearing sequences of Iran and South China. By pooling newly produced and published carbon isotope data, we confirm that a global first-order trend towards depleted values exists. However, a large amount of scatter is superimposed on this geochemical record. In addition, we observe a temporal trend in the amplitude of this residual δ13C variability, which is reproducible for the two studied regions. We suggest that (sub-)sea-floor microbial communities and their control on calcite nucleation and ambient porewater dissolved inorganic carbon δ13C pose a viable mechanism to induce bulk-rock δ13C variability. Numerical model calculations highlight that early diagenetic carbonate rock stabilization and linked carbon isotope alteration can be controlled by organic matter supply and subsequent microbial remineralization. A major biotic decline among Late Permian bottom-dwelling organisms facilitated a spatial increase in heterogeneous organic carbon accumulation. Combined with low marine sulfate, this resulted in varying degrees of carbon isotope overprinting. A simulated time series suggests that a 50 % increase in the spatial scatter of organic carbon relative to the average, in addition to an imposed increase in the likelihood of sampling cements formed by microbial calcite nucleation to 1 out of 10 samples, is sufficient to induce the observed signal of carbon isotope variability. These findings put constraints on the application of Permian–Triassic carbon isotope chemostratigraphy based on whole-rock samples, which appears less refined than classical biozonation dating schemes. On the other hand, this signal of increased carbon isotope variability concurrent with the largest mass extinction of the Phanerozoic may provide information about local carbon cycling mediated by spatially heterogeneous (sub-)sea-floor microbial communities under suppressed bioturbation.
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Yoshida, Akihiko, Toshiki Miyazaki, Eiichi Ishida, and Masahiro Ashizuka. "Preparation of Cellulose-Carbonate Apatite Composites through Mechanochemical Reaction." Key Engineering Materials 284-286 (April 2005): 855–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.284-286.855.

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Organic-inorganic composites composed of organic polymer and carbonate hydroxyapatite (CHAp) would be useful bone substitute materials exhibiting low young’s modulus and bone-bonding bioactivity. In this work, such a composite was synthesized from cellulose (CEL)and CHAp through mechanochemical reaction. Homogeneous bulk CEL-CHAp composites were obtained when poly( ε-caprolactone) (PCL) was added as plasticizer with PCL/(PCL+CEL) weight ratio of 20 wt% or less. The CEL-CHAp composites contained B-type CHAp in inorganic phase. The composites with (CEL+PCL)/(CHAp) weight ratio = 20/80 and 10/90 kept the shape in simulated body fluid (SBF), and showed apatite formation after soaking in SBF. Therefore, the CEL-CHAp composites are expected to be materials with low young’s modulus and bioactivity.
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Lojen, Sonja, Ivan Sondi, and Mladen Juracic. "Geochemical conditions for the preservation of recent aragonite-rich sediments in Mediterranean karstic marine lakes (Mljet Island, Adriatic Sea, Croatia)." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 1 (2010): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf09034.

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Conditions for the preservation of recent aragonite-rich sediments during early diagenesis in two semi-enclosed Mediterranean karstic seawater lakes on the island of Mljet (Adriatic Sea) were examined. The concentrations and stable isotope compositions of carbonate and sedimentary organic matter, as well as the geochemical parameters in pore water were measured. It was found that the smaller lake (Malo Jezero) receives considerably more terrestrial detritus than the larger lake (Veliko Jezero). A decrease in carbonate δ13C values with depth indicated a rather intensive transfer of organically derived C into the carbonate pool by diagenetic recrystallisation, masking the changes in carbonate δ13C caused by increasing amounts of aragonite. Dissolution of calcite as a result of CO2 released from the decomposition of organic debris and the upward diffusive flux of dissolved inorganic carbon were together responsible for up to 24% of the dissolved inorganic carbon added to the pore water. This indicated locally occurring carbonate dissolution, irrespective of its saturation state in the bulk sediment. Despite the larger input of terrigenous material into Malo Jezero, the carbonate content in the sediment was much higher than in Veliko Jezero, indicating greater authigenic aragonite production. As magnesium calcite accounted for most of the carbonate dissolution, aragonite preservation in the sediment is favoured.
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Rose, Catherine V., Samuel M. Webb, Matthew Newville, Antonio Lanzirotti, Jocelyn A. Richardson, Nicholas J. Tosca, Jeffrey G. Catalano, Alexander S. Bradley, and David A. Fike. "Insights into past ocean proxies from micron-scale mapping of sulfur species in carbonates." Geology 47, no. 9 (July 5, 2019): 833–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g46228.1.

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Abstract Geological reconstructions of global ocean chemistry and atmospheric oxygen concentrations over Earth history commonly rely on the abundance and stable isotopic composition (δ34S) of sulfur-bearing compounds. Carbonate-associated sulfate (CAS), sulfate bound within a calcium carbonate mineral matrix, is among the most commonly interrogated sulfur mineral phases. However, recent work has revealed variability in δ34SCAS values that cannot be explained by evolution of the marine sulfate reservoir, challenging the common interpretation that CAS is inherently a high-fidelity record of seawater sulfate. To investigate the source of this inconsistency, we used X-ray spectromicroscopy to map the micron-scale distribution of S-bearing sedimentary phases in Ordovician-aged (ca. 444 Ma) shallow marine carbonates from Anticosti Island, Québec, Canada. Clear differences in the abundance of CAS are observed between cements and fossils, suggesting that variance in bulk-rock data could be a consequence of component mixing and that coupled synchrotron-petrographic screening can identify the carbonate components that are most likely to retain primary CAS. Furthermore, we observe multiple, distinct forms of sulfate (both inorganic and organic). Differences in these forms among fossil clades could provide new insights into biomineralization mechanisms in extinct organisms.
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Wei, Qiang, Gang Zhang, Jie Yao, Xuejun Chen, Gongying Wang, and Xiangui Yang. "One-step bulk fabrication of a CaO/carbon heterogeneous catalyst from calcium citrate for rapid synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) by transesterification of ethylene carbonate (EC)." New Journal of Chemistry 45, no. 12 (2021): 5540–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nj06144a.

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Mu, Zhao, Kangren Kong, Kai Jiang, Hongliang Dong, Xurong Xu, Zhaoming Liu, and Ruikang Tang. "Pressure-driven fusion of amorphous particles into integrated monoliths." Science 372, no. 6549 (June 24, 2021): 1466–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abg1915.

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Biological organisms can use amorphous precursors to produce inorganic skeletons with continuous structures through complete particle fusion. Synthesizing monoliths is much more difficult because sintering techniques can destroy continuity and limit mechanical strength. We manufactured inorganic monoliths of amorphous calcium carbonate by the fusion of particles while regulating structurally bound water and external pressure. Our monoliths are transparent, owing to their structural continuity, with a mechanical strength approaching that of single-crystal calcite. Dynamic water channels within the amorphous bulk are synergistically controlled by water content and applied pressure and promote mass transportation for particle fusion. Our strategy provides an alternative to traditional sintering methods that should be attractive for constructing monoliths of temperature-sensitive biominerals and biomaterials.
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Preto, N., C. Agnini, M. Rigo, M. Sprovieri, and H. Westphal. "The calcareous nannofossil <i>Prinsiosphaera</i> achieved rock-forming abundances in the latest Triassic of western Tethys: consequences for the <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C of bulk carbonate." Biogeosciences 10, no. 9 (September 23, 2013): 6053–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6053-2013.

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Abstract. The onset of pelagic biomineralization was a milestone in the history of the long-term inorganic carbon cycle: as soon as calcareous nannofossils became major limestone producers, the pH and supersaturation state of the global ocean were stabilized (the so-called mid-Mesozoic revolution). But although it is known that calcareous nannofossils were abundant already by the end of the Triassic, no estimates exist on their contribution to hemipelagic carbonate sedimentation. With this work, we estimate the volume proportion of Prinsiosphaera, the dominant late Triassic calcareous nannofossil, in hemipelagic and pelagic carbonates of western Tethys. The investigated Upper Triassic lime mudstones are composed essentially of microspar and tests of calcareous nannofossils, plus minor bioclasts. Prinsiosphaera had become a significant component of lime mudstones since the late Norian, and was contributing up to ca. 60% of the carbonate by the late Rhaetian in periplatform environments with hemipelagic sedimentation. The increasing proportion of Prinsiosphaera in upper Rhaetian hemipelagic lime mudstones is paralleled by an increase of the δ13C of bulk carbonate. We interpreted this isotopic trend as related to the diagenesis of microspar, which incorporated respired organic carbon with a low δ13C when it formed during shallow burial. As the proportion of nannofossil tests increased, the contribution of microspar with low δ13C diminished, determining the isotopic trend. We suggest that a similar diagenetic effect may be observed in many Mesozoic limestones with a significant, but not yet dominant, proportion of calcareous plankton.
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Preto, N., C. Agnini, M. Rigo, M. Sprovieri, and H. Westphal. "The calcareous nannofossil <i>Prinsiosphaera</i> achieved rock-forming abundances in the latest Triassic of western Tethys: consequences for the δ<sup>13</sup>C of bulk carbonate." Biogeosciences Discussions 10, no. 5 (May 14, 2013): 7989–8025. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-7989-2013.

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Abstract. The onset of pelagic biomineralization marked a milestone in the history of the long term inorganic carbon cycle: as soon as calcareous nannofossils became major limestone producers, the pH and supersaturation state of the global ocean were stabilized (the so-called Mid Mesozoic Revolution). But although it is known that calcareous nannofossils were abundant already by the end of the Triassic, no estimates exist on their contribution to hemipelagic carbonate sedimentation. With this work, we estimate the volume proportion of Prinsiosphaera, the dominant Late Triassic calcareous nannofossil, in hemipelagic and pelagic carbonates of western Tethys. The investigated Upper Triassic lime mudstones are composed essentially of microspar and tests of calcareous nannofossils, plus minor bioclasts. Prinsiosphaera became a significant component of lime mudstones since the late Norian, and was contributing up to ca. 60% of the carbonate by the late Rhaetian in periplatform environments with hemipelagic sedimentation. The increasing proportion of Prinsiosphaera in upper Rhaetian hemipelagic lime mudstones is paralleled by a increase of the δ13C of bulk carbonate. We interpreted this isotopic trend as related to the diagenesis of microspar, which incorporated respired organic carbon with a low δ13C when it formed during shallow burial. As the proportion of nannofossil tests increased, the contribution of microspar with low δ13C diminished, determining the isotopic trend. We suggest that a similar diagenetic effect may be observed in many Mesozoic limestones with a significant, but not yet dominant, proportion of calcareous plankton.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bulk inorganic carbonate"

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Dean, C. E. "Lake carbonate geochemistry as a proxy for paleohydrology: a validation-in-time at West Basin Lake, Victoria." Thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2440/136950.

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There is a lack of extensive historical climate data in Australia, meaning high-resolution paleoclimate studies are essential for a more comprehensive understanding of natural climate variability. The majority of paleohydrology records in south-eastern Australia region are low resolution, millennial time-scale reconstructions, resulting in a lack of understanding of climate variability at shorter time-scales relevant to human life spans. Here, we attempt to validate the use of geochemical analysis of lake sediments from West Basin, Victoria, as a way to create a high resolution paleohydrology reconstruction. The isotopic composition of the lake water in West Basin is primarily controlled by the precipitation to evaporation ratio (P:E). Ostracod calcite and bulk inorganic carbonates (BIC) that form within the water column reflect these changes and thus are used as proxies of past changes in P:E. This reconstruction is supported by a 210Pb- and 240/230Pu-based chronology which estimates a sediment accumulation rate of 0.3 to 0.4 cm/year and a maximum age at 40 cm of 118 years. This enables the resulting oxygen and carbon profiles to be validated against instrumental records of annual rainfall and temperature. The oxygen profile exhibits good agreement with this climate record, with peaks in δ18O values often coinciding with periods of low annual rainfall. Based on this, the ostracod record was determined to be capable of recording reliable, high resolution changes in P:E. The BIC record, though less consistent, can produce a detailed profile where ostracods are unavailable. Studies of this kind are vital to improving the accuracy of proxy system models which allow for reconstructions to be extended further in the geological record. Such models would allow for contextual understanding of the severity of drought occurrences and the assessment of the possible impacts of human induced climate change.
Thesis (B.Sc.(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Physical Sciences, 2019
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