Journal articles on the topic 'Building science, technologies and systems'
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Xu, Qi, Saffa Riffat, and Shihao Zhang. "Review of Heat Recovery Technologies for Building Applications." Energies 12, no. 7 (April 3, 2019): 1285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12071285.
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In recent years, interest in heat recovery systems for building applications has resurged due to concerns about the energy crisis and global climate changes. This review presents current developments in four kinds of heat recovery systems for residential building applications. A extensive investigation into the heat recovery integrated in energy-saving systems of residential buildings is also covered, including passive systems for building components, mechanical/natural ventilation systems, dehumidification systems, and the thermoelectric module (TE) system. Based on this review, key issues have been identified as follows: (1) The combination of heat recovery and energy-efficient systems could be considered as a promising approach to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and make residential buildings meet high performance and comfort requirements. However, real-life evaluation of these systems with economic analysis is insufficient; (2) When heat recovery is applied to mechanical ventilation systems, issues such as pressure leakages and air shortcuts should be addressed; (3) The heat pipe heat recovery system enjoys more potential in being combined with other sustainable technologies such as thermoelectric modules and solar energy systems due to its advantages, which include handy manufacturing and convenient maintenance, a lack of cross contamination, and greater thermal conductance.
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Zhao, Wangchu. "Applications of Intelligent Artificial and Communication Technologies in Intelligent Buildings." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 10 (August 16, 2022): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v10i.1245.
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With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, more and more technologies are being applied to the intelligent building system. The study summarizes and analyzes the development status of intelligent buildings, then analyzes and generalizes the advantages, disadvantages, and applications of several artificial intelligence and communication technologies in the intelligent building system. Results show that this paper introduces the three applications of artificial intelligence systems in intelligent buildings, including expert control systems, artificial neural systems, and intelligent decision systems, as well as the application of communication technology in intelligent buildings, including virtual LAN technology, communication network technology and broadband network technology. Artificial intelligence technology can reflect the current situation of buildings to people in real-time, judge emergencies instead of experts, and make the best choice to prolong the service life and stability of buildings. Communication technology can help users realize remote offices and home offices. The application of these technologies in intelligent buildings may not be mature at this stage, but the development and application potential are still very considerable.
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Li, Qingqing, Jianhua Fan, and Junpeng Huang. "Regional Adaptability Analysis of Solar Roof Utilization Technologies in China." Applied Sciences 12, no. 6 (March 9, 2022): 2792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12062792.
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Considering the vast areas of building rooftops and the fast development of solar utilization technologies, this paper aims to analyze the regional adaptability of solar roof utilization technologies for buildings in China. All provinces and cities in China are divided into 13 zones based on their economic development, thermal climate division, and availability of solar energy resources. Over 100 buildings are investigated, and the information of 28 buildings is analyzed to finally identify 18 typical building types. A new evaluation method is developed for both solar heating systems and solar PV. An adaptability index is developed considering the energy conservation, environment effect, and economy benefit of the systems. The developed method is used to evaluate the solar utilization technologies applied on the 18 buildings across 13 zones. The result show that the average adaptability index values for solar thermal technology and solar PV technology are 2.54 and 1.63, respectively. The solar heating system has a shorter payback time than the solar PV system for most regions of China and therefore is more favored. Recommendations on supporting policies and measures are given for policy makers with an aim to promote the utilization efficiency of building roofs. This paper provides references for the selection and application of relevant solar utilization technologies on building roofs.
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Ahamer, Gilbert, and Josef Strobl. "Information Technologies Socialise Geographies." Journal of Cases on Information Technology 12, no. 3 (July 2010): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcit.2010070101.
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One of the ethical tasks and practical effects of IT is bridging and spanning different locations, thereby “socialising” across diverse “geographies of understanding”. A dozen documented case studies use IT (especially Geographic Information Sciences) in distance learning. The underlying conceptual model of a network society combined with empirical research on long-term civilisational and economic evolution leads to a general understanding of Information Technologies as facilitators of a multi-perspectivist and multi-disciplinary construction of world views (m:n type of science). Such a synopsis of education, structural evolution, social spaces and institutional change provides insight into IT’s strategic role of facilitating consensus building and constructing common world views that can socially converge (“socialise”) isolated cultures of understanding. “Geography” is here seen as a provider of world views that emerge from communicative action. The presented cases in this paper span both geographic locations as well as constructed cultures of understanding.
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Elshamy, Ahmad I., Engy Elshazly, Olugbenga Timo Oladinrin, Muhammad Qasim Rana, Rasha Said Abd el-Lateef, Seif Tarek El-Badry, Mahmoud Elthakaby, Ahmed M. R. Elbaz, Khaled Dewidar, and Iman El-Mahallawi. "Challenges and Opportunities for Integrating RE Systems in Egyptian Building Stocks." Energies 15, no. 23 (November 28, 2022): 8988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15238988.
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The twentieth century started with engineers’ new concepts and ideas to develop the built environment, with ideas ranging from reducing weight to automated industrialisation, enhancing energy efficiency, etc. However, they failed to predict the negative impact of automation on the environment and its resources. Therefore, future technologies proposed by engineers should consider the adverse effects on nature and the surrounding ecosystem. Using the science of ecology and integrating it into building typology can help avoid unwanted scenarios. Such technologies prioritise the performance of buildings and cities by using simulation tools to explore more ideas for designing and testing their performance. This work explores the obstacles and challenges opposing the plan to successfully supply Egypt with clean, renewable energy that reaches 42% of its total electricity. Furthermore, some solutions are proposed to tackle those barriers, such as installing thermal cooling systems and ball wind turbines in residential buildings.
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Nelms, Cheryl, Alan D. Russell, and Barbara J. Lence. "Assessing the performance of sustainable technologies for building projects." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 32, no. 1 (February 1, 2005): 114–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l04-102.
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At present, the performance of sustainable technologies in buildings is generally not assessed holistically, but rather from a primarily single issue perspective, e.g., only financially or environmentally. Such an approach is limited in that it ignores the interaction of the technologies within the physical facility itself as expressed through life cycle costs, the impact on the surrounding environment, design objectives of the project and its stakeholders whose value systems may conflict. This work identifies the primary cause-and-effect relationships of selected sustainable building technologies and illustrates elements of a framework for the systematic assessment of their performance from an environmental, social, economic, and technical perspective. Rooftop garden technology is used to demonstrate application of the framework. The primary goal of this work is to improve the understanding and decision-making capabilities of the building industry and government when faced with decisions regarding investment and policy regarding sustainable building technologies. A secondary goal is to identify knowledge gaps in our understanding of sustainable technologies.Key words: risk identification, sustainable technology, knowledge management, infrastructure projects, sustainable buildings.
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Aliabadi, Amir A., Mohsen Moradi, Rachel M. McLeod, David Calder, and Robert Dernovsek. "How Much Building Renewable Energy Is Enough? The Vertical City Weather Generator (VCWG v1.4.4)." Atmosphere 12, no. 7 (July 7, 2021): 882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12070882.
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A challenge in the integration of renewable and alternative energy systems for buildings is the determination of the renewable energy ratio, which involves the selection and sizing of appropriate building systems. To address this need, a micro climate-weather software titled the Vertical City Weather Generator (VCWG) is further developed to include renewable and alternative energy systems and account for full two-way interaction between the building system and outdoor environment. VCWG is forced to simulate performance of a residential building in Guelph, Canada, for an entire year in 2015. Various energy options are considered and further optimized for the building to reduce natural gas consumption, electricity consumption, and cost. On an annual basis using the global cost method, and compared to a building with no such renewable or alternative energy systems, the optimized system resulted in 80.3% savings in natural gas consumption, 73.4% savings in electricity consumption, and 3% savings is annualized cost. According to this analysis, some technologies, such as photovoltaics are more favorable in the Canadian climate than other technologies. It is suggested that the building optimization process is not unique, and it depends on background climate, optimization weighing factors, and assumptions used in the economic analysis, which require further research.
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Borowski, Marek, Piotr Mazur, Sławosz Kleszcz, and Klaudia Zwolińska. "Energy Monitoring in a Heating and Cooling System in a Building Based on the Example of the Turówka Hotel." Energies 13, no. 8 (April 16, 2020): 1968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13081968.
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The energy consumption of buildings is very important for both economic and environmental reasons. Newly built buildings are characterized by higher insulation and airtightness of the building envelope, and are additionally equipped with technologies that minimize energy consumption in order to meet legal requirements. In existing buildings, the modernization process should be properly planned, taking into account available technologies and implementation possibilities. Hotel buildings are characterized by a large variability of energy demand, both on a daily and a yearly basis. Monitoring systems, therefore, provide the necessary information needed for proper energy management in the building. This article presents an energy analysis of the Turówka hotel located in Wieliczka (southern Poland). The historical hotel facility is being modernized as part of the project to adapt the building to the requirements of a sustainable building. The modernization proposal includes a trigeneration system with a multifunctional reverse regenerator and control module using neural algorithms. The main purpose is to improve the energy efficiency of the building and adapt it to the requirements of low-energy buildings. The implementation of a monitoring system enables energy consumption to be reduced and improves the energy performance of the building, especially through using energy management systems and control modules. The proposed retrofit solution considers the high energy consumption, structure of the energy demand, and limits of retrofit intervention on façades.
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Wozniak, Robert. "Emerging From the Quagmire: Building Expert Systems technologies for the Social Sciences." IASSIST Quarterly 25, no. 4 (December 4, 2002): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/iq858.
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Dadzie, John, Isaac Pratt, and James Frimpong-Asante. "A review of sustainable technologies for energy efficient upgrade of existing buildings and systems." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1101, no. 2 (November 1, 2022): 022028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1101/2/022028.
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Abstract Sustainable upgrades include actual case studies with before and after retrofit results, case studies with simulated results and use of computer systems to predict energy savings based on exiting building parameters. In the latter no actual renovations are done thus technologies and systems are assumed. The review used real cases including simulations and adopts a mix of systematic and content analysis approaches. Thus, over 288 articles were gathered from all the major scientific journals using Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science etc. The sample was reduced to 230 articles based on the search themes; thereafter, a detailed focus on the methods used provided basis to trim the articles to 47. Sustainable technologies identified cover those installed to the external façade, indoor areas, air filtration, insulation systems, building elements, heating, ventilation and cooling (HVAC) systems, sensors, lighting, hot and cold water systems such as boilers, chillers, pumps, motors and renewable energy technologies. The results show sustainable technologies have been used to improve various existing buildings. Also, the results indicate high rate of adoption of insulation systems for external and internal walls, roofing and ceiling elements. This paper provides evidence to support the drive towards environmental sustainability through the adoption and installation of sustainable technologies. Policies to trigger demand and installation could further improve actions towards greenhouse gas reduction.
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Hovenga, E. J. S., and E. Coiera. "Building a Sustainable Health System." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 16, no. 01 (August 2007): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1638522.
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SummaryTo conduct a basic sustainability analysis of health systems, and explore models for conceptualising and creating sustainable organizations, based upon the experiences of the environmental sciences and organisational theory. To explore the role of information technologies in assisting health organizations become sustainable enterprises.A review of recent literature into sustainable systems and an analysis and extension of the literature to the specific case of healthcare.Many if not all health systems around the globe face dual challenges of increasing demands and diminishing resources, which are ultimately unsustainable. Four physical system conditions which are pre-requisites for sustainability of systems – that materials should not be extracted, accumulate or be depleted faster than they can be managed, and that systems should fundamentally meet human needs apply equally to healthcare. For healthcare, in addition to physical material and energy, resources include people, and data, information and knowledge. Further, healthcare is an open system that needs to be sufficiently adaptive to changes if it is to sustain. Information and communication technologies are crucial tools to enable any large and complex modern enterprise to model, measure and then manage business processes. Technologies like organisational simulation, the electronic health record, and decision support are essential tools for sustainable health services. Applied inappropriately however, IT can itself create unsustainable conditions, for example through the accumulation of legacy systems, a situation that adherence to technical standards should mitigate.It is crucial that our nations undertake a formal sustainability analysis of their health systems, to identify where the most pressing challenges are. In concert, there needs to be a long term process of exploring innovative designs for health services that improve the sustainability of the system as a whole, and there needs to be a will to implement the health system policies, infrastructure and services to ensure that in 20 years time we do have a healthy health system.
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Redmond, Alan, Bob Smith, and Deke Smith. "The Curriculum Development of a BIM Resilience Program for the National Institute of Building Science Facility Module." International Journal of 3-D Information Modeling 3, no. 1 (January 2014): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ij3dim.2014010105.
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The main objective of this paper is to identify the design criteria for a BIM Education Resilient System STEM program. The curriculum's development will semantically relate to resilience concepts with Systems Engineering and Building Information Modeling (BIM) practices and standards. The Sustainable Facilities and Infrastructure in Constrained Environments' (SuFICE) in advancing STEM to Support Facility Design, Construction, Operations and Maintenance collaborative project is to be led by The National Institute of Building Sciences, and Total Learning Research Institute. The participating organizations intend to: engage representatives from across the building and infrastructure industry to revise existing STEM curricula and materials and develop new curricula and materials that recognize the role of science technologies important to both education and the building industry.
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Zhang, Tiantian, Meng Wang, and Hongxing Yang. "A Review of the Energy Performance and Life-Cycle Assessment of Building-Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) Systems." Energies 11, no. 11 (November 14, 2018): 3157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113157.
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Building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) technology provides an aesthetical, economic, and technical solution for electricity self-sufficiency in buildings. As one of the most promising technologies for solar energy harvesting in urban areas, BIPV technology provides multiple benefits for buildings, including power generation from renewable energy resources, the replacement of traditional wall cladding, daytime lighting, heating/cooling load reduction, etc. This paper systematically reviews the progress of recent research on the electrical, thermal, optical, and overall energy performances of BIPV systems. Furthermore, based on the literature review on the energy payback time and the greenhouse-gas emission of various BIPV technologies, the research progress of the life-cycle assessment of BIPV systems is also discussed. It is anticipated that the review results can provide meaningful reference and support for the research and development of BIPV technology.
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Boodi, Abhinandana, Karim Beddiar, Malek Benamour, Yassine Amirat, and Mohamed Benbouzid. "Intelligent Systems for Building Energy and Occupant Comfort Optimization: A State of the Art Review and Recommendations." Energies 11, no. 10 (September 29, 2018): 2604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102604.
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Today, buildings consume more than 40% of primary energy in and produce more than 36% of CO2. So, an intelligent controller applied to the buildings for energy and comfort management could achieve significant reduction in energy consumption while improving occupant’s comfort. Conventional on/off controllers were only able to automate the tasks in building and were not well suited for energy optimization tasks. Therefore, building energy management has become a focal point in recent years, promising the development of various technologies for various scenarios. This paper deals with a state of the art review on recent developments in building energy management system (BEMS) and occupants comfort, focusing on three model types: white box, black box, and gray box models. Through a comparative study, this paper presents pros and cons of each model.
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Di Bari, Roberta, Rafael Horn, Björn Nienborg, Felix Klinker, Esther Kieseritzky, and Felix Pawelz. "The Environmental Potential of Phase Change Materials in Building Applications. A Multiple Case Investigation Based on Life Cycle Assessment and Building Simulation." Energies 13, no. 12 (June 12, 2020): 3045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13123045.
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New materials and technologies have become the main drivers for reducing energy demand in the building sector in recent years. Energy efficiency can be reached by utilization of materials with thermal storage potential; among them, phase change materials (PCMs) seem to be promising. If they are used in combination with solar collectors in heating applications or with water chillers or in chilled ceilings in cooling applications, PCMs can provide ecological benefits through energy savings during the building’s operational phase. However, their environmental value should be analyzed by taking into account their whole lifecycle. The purpose of this paper is the assessment of PCMs at the material level as well as at higher levels, namely the component and building levels. Life cycle assessment analyses are based on information from PCM manufacturers and building energy simulations. With the newly developed software “Storage LCA Tool” (Version 1.0, University of Stuttgart, IABP, Stuttgart, Germany), PCM storage systems can be compared with traditional systems that do not entail energy storage. Their benefits can be evaluated in order to support decision-making on energy concepts for buildings. The collection of several case studies shows that PCM energy concepts are not always advantageous. However, with conclusive concepts, suitable storage dimensioning and ecologically favorable PCMs, systems can be realized that have a lower environmental impact over the entire life cycle compared to traditional systems.
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Paul, Prantosh Kumar. "The Context of IST for Solid Information Retrieval and Infrastructure Building." International Journal of Information Retrieval Research 8, no. 1 (January 2018): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijirr.2018010106.
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Development and progress mainly depends on education and its solid dissemination. Technologies as well as engineering solutions are important for the business and corporate houses. In this context, educational initiatives and programs play a vital role. Developing countries are suffering from many problems and therefore fostering new academic innovation and researches on economic development in today's context. Information Technologies and management science are important for solid business solutions. Therefore, education and knowledge dissemination play an important and valuable role. In many developing countries, gaps between industrial needs and the availability of skilled labor are limited. Information Sciences and Computing are the most valuable areas of study in today's knowledge world. The components, subsets, and subfields of Information Sciences and Technology are rapidly emerging worldwide. Among the emerging and popular areas, a few include Cloud Computing, Green Computing, Green Systems, Big-Data Science, Internet, Business Analytics, and Business Intelligence. Developing countries (like China, Colombia, Malaysia, Mauritius, India, Brazil, South Africa) depend in many ways on knowledge dissemination and solid manpower for their development. Thus, there is an urgent need to introduce such programs and the majority of these programs have been proposed here. Information Science and Technology (IST) with programs such as Bachelors, Masters, and Doctoral Degrees have been listed here with academic and industrial contexts. This article highlights these programs with proper SWOT analysis.
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Mandičák, Tomáš, Peter Mésároš, Andrea Kanáliková, and Matej Špak. "Supply Chain Management and Big Data Concept Effects on Economic Sustainability of Building Design and Project Planning." Applied Sciences 11, no. 23 (December 4, 2021): 11512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112311512.
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Building design and project planning face significant challenges in the 21st century. On the one hand, it is the requirement of building users. On the other hand, new possibilities and technologies contribute to the overall efficiency of construction projects. The progress of information and communication technologies is one of the most extensive opportunities that can significantly streamline designing sustainable buildings. The big data concept is increasingly being implemented in all areas of industry. The design of buildings and the entire civil engineering industry is where these processes are becoming automated with the help of information technology. Supply chain management based on information systems represents a great potential in the design of buildings and planning of construction projects in materials procurement. These facts lead to the assumption that the concept of big data and supply chain management systems can effectively influence the sustainable design of buildings. These technologies are expected to improve economic sustainability by reducing costs and shortening materials’ delivery time and construction time. The research is carried out on a sample of construction projects. The level of use of the concept of big data and SCM systems and their impact on economic sustainability in the form of parameters such as construction project costs, delivery time of materials and building construction were examined. Data collection took place through a questionnaire survey. Within the used methods, this research worked data-free but also scaled to the Likert scale. Data processing was performed using Pearson dependence and the use of a correlation coefficient. The main goal of the research was to analyze the impact of using the concept of big data and supply chain management on the cost of the building, the time of delivery of materials and the construction of the building. It was found that the use of SCM and BD has an impact on the monitored parameters, and the correlation rate is high.
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Chingiz oglu Mammadov, Elchin. "Opportunities for using Wiki technologies in building digital library models." Library Hi Tech News 31, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhtn-02-2014-0009.
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Purpose – The purpose of this article is to research the open access and encyclopedia structured methodology of building digital libraries. In Azerbaijan Libraries, one of the most challenged topics is organizing digital resources (books, audio-video materials, etc.). Wiki technologies introduce easy, collaborative and open tools opportunities which make it possible to implement in digital library buildings. Design/methodology/approach – This paper looks at current practices, and the ways of organizing information resources to make them more systematized, open and accessible. These activities are valuable for rural libraries which are smaller and less well funded than main and central libraries in cities. Findings – The main finding of this article is how to organize digital resource management in the libraries using Wiki ideology. Originality/value – Wiki technologies determine the ways of building digital library network models which are structurally different from already known models, as well as new directions in forming information society and solving the problems encountered.
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Rashdi, Rabia, Joaquín Martínez-Sánchez, Pedro Arias, and Zhouyan Qiu. "Scanning Technologies to Building Information Modelling: A Review." Infrastructures 7, no. 4 (March 30, 2022): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures7040049.
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Building information modelling (BIM) is evolving significantly in the architecture, engineering and construction industries. BIM involves various remote-sensing tools, procedures and standards that are useful for collating the semantic information required to produce 3D models. This is thanks to LiDAR technology, which has become one of the key elements in BIM, useful to capture a semantically rich geometric representation of 3D models in terms of 3D point clouds. This review paper explains the ‘Scan to BIM’ methodology in detail. The paper starts by summarising the 3D point clouds of LiDAR and photogrammetry. LiDAR systems based on different platforms, such as mobile, terrestrial, spaceborne and airborne, are outlined and compared. In addition, the importance of integrating multisource data is briefly discussed. Various methodologies involved in point-cloud processing such as sampling, registration and semantic segmentation are explained in detail. Furthermore, different open BIM standards are summarised and compared. Finally, current limitations and future directions are highlighted to provide useful solutions for efficient BIM models.
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Barros, Paulo, António Curado, and Sérgio Ivan Lopes. "Internet of Things (IoT) Technologies for Managing Indoor Radon Risk Exposure: Applications, Opportunities, and Future Challenges." Applied Sciences 11, no. 22 (November 22, 2021): 11064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112211064.
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Radon gas is a harmful pollutant with a well-documented adverse influence on public health. In poorly ventilated environments, that are often prone to significant radon levels, studies indicate a known relationship between human radon exposure and lung cancer. Recent technology advances, notably on the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem, allow the integration of sensors, computing, and communication capabilities into low-cost and small-scale devices that can be used for implementing specific cyber-physical systems (CPS) for online and real-time radon management. These technologies are crucial for improving the overall building indoor air quality (IAQ), contributing toward the so-called cognitive buildings, where human-based control is tending to decline, and building management systems (BMS) are focused on balancing critical factors, such as energy efficiency, human radon exposure management, and user experience, to achieve a more transparent and harmonious integration between technology and the built environment. This work surveys recent IoT technologies for indoor radon exposure management (monitoring, assessment and mitigation), and discusses its main challenges and opportunities, by focusing on methods, techniques, and technologies to answer the following questions: (i) What technologies have been recently in use for radon exposure management; (ii) how they operate; (iii) what type of radon detection mechanisms do they use; and (iv) what type of system architectures, components, and communication technologies have been used to assist the referred technologies. This contribution is relevant to pave the way for designing more intelligent and sustainable systems that rely on IoT and Information and Communications Technology (ICT), to achieve an optimal balance between these two critical factors: human radon exposure management and building energy efficiency.
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Morgan, Rebecca J., Tiffney A. Gipson, and Lauren E. Robinson. "Librarians building innovative mobile technologies: Creating it ourselves." Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship 31, no. 2 (April 3, 2019): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1941126x.2019.1597441.
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Miyazaki, Kumiko. "Interlinkages between systems, key components and component generic technologies in building competencies." Technology Analysis & Strategic Management 6, no. 1 (January 1994): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09537329408524154.
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Onubogu, Nneka Obianuju, Kok-Keong Chong, and Ming-Hui Tan. "Review of Active and Passive Daylighting Technologies for Sustainable Building." International Journal of Photoenergy 2021 (October 26, 2021): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8802691.
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According to the International Energy Agency, nearly 20% of worldwide electricity is used up by lighting. This is equal to the total electricity nuclear power generates. Thus, it is needy to explore new technologies for direct use of sunlight via integrating daylight system to the building, which is cost-saving, environment-friendly, and a green solution rather than indirect conversion of electricity to lighting even from renewable sources. In this paper, we present a review on the existing technologies of daylighting systems up to date and how they can provide lighting in a building interior via collection and distribution of sunlight. Our review is a comprehensive study to embrace both passive daylighting system with stationary design and active daylighting system equipped with sun tracking. The economic feasibility, general challenges, and prospects of daylighting systems are also discussed to understand the existing problems that hinder the extensive deployment of daylighting systems. In conclusion, more research works are needed in improving the technological development of a daylighting system so that it is more affordable, environment-friendly, less energy-intensive, and easy to install and gives uniform illumination for the effective application in both commercial building and residential houses.
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Zarzycki, Andrzej, and Martina Decker. "Climate-adaptive buildings: Systems and materials." International Journal of Architectural Computing 17, no. 2 (June 2019): 166–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1478077119852707.
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This article discusses research case studies that deploy physical computing with kinetic, pneumatic, and smart material technologies as vehicles to address the prospects of these technologies and their future impact on resilient and high-performance buildings. It looks into conceptual aspects of an integrated hybrid system that combines both computation approaches and unique opportunities inherent to these hybrid designs.
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Bianco, Giovanni, Stefano Bracco, Federico Delfino, Lorenzo Gambelli, Michela Robba, and Mansueto Rossi. "A Building Energy Management System Based on an Equivalent Electric Circuit Model." Energies 13, no. 7 (April 3, 2020): 1689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071689.
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In recent decades, many EU and national regulations have been issued in order to increase the energy efficiency in different sectors and, consequently, to reduce environmental pollution. In the building sector, energy efficiency interventions are usually based on the use of innovative insulated materials and on the installation of cogeneration and tri-generation units, as well as solar technologies. New and retrofitted buildings are more and more commonly being called “smart buildings”, since they are characterized by the installation of electric and thermal power generation units, energy storage systems, and flexible loads; the presence of such technologies determines the necessity of installing Building Energy Management Systems (BEMSs), which are used to optimally manage their operation. The present paper proposes a BEMS for a smart building, equipped with plants based on renewables (photovoltaics, solar thermal panels, and geothermal heat pump), where the heating and cooling demand are satisfied by a Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning System (HVAC) fed by a geothermal heat pump. The developed BEMS is composed of two different modules: an optimization tool used to optimally manage the HVAC plant, in order to guarantee a desired level of comfort inside rooms, and a simulation tool, based on an equivalent electric circuit model and used to evaluate the thermal dynamic behavior of the building. The paper describes the two modules and shows the main results of the validation phase that has been conducted on a real test-case represented by the Smart Energy Building (SEB) located at the Savona Campus of the University of Genoa, Italy.
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Arsenieva, Nataliia. "FEATURES OF BIM TECHNOLOGIES IN GEODETIC WORKS." InterConf, no. 14(113) (June 20, 2022): 486–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.06.2022.052.
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BIM is a digital 3D modeling system that includes a range of data where you can plan, design, build and manage a project digitally. BIM is smart and knows how a particular facility works, this will reduce the risk of any problems during the construction phase. The idea is that you use the system to create your own design and you can add all the listed objects. You should be able to click on the object and find out all the necessary information about the specifications, ie the manufacturer's standards. This is very useful, for example, at the construction planning stage. BIM is aimed at an architect, designer or designer. Modern construction has almost completely switched to automatic design systems. This method of building 3D models has reduced the time of project preparation and increased its accuracy and quality. Geodetic surveys for construction are most often performed using Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology. Using it at all stages of construction of a building or linear structure, you can reproduce the smallest nuances of its structure, indicating all the financial, technological and technical parameters.
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Ürge-Vorsatz, Diana, Radhika Khosla, Rob Bernhardt, Yi Chieh Chan, David Vérez, Shan Hu, and Luisa F. Cabeza. "Advances Toward a Net-Zero Global Building Sector." Annual Review of Environment and Resources 45, no. 1 (October 17, 2020): 227–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-012420-045843.
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The building sector is responsible for 39% of process-related greenhouse gas emissions globally, making net- or nearly-zero energy buildings pivotal for reaching climate neutrality. This article reviews recent advances in key options and strategies for converting the building sector to be climate neutral. The evidence from the literature shows it is possible to achieve net- or nearly-zero energy building outcomes across the world in most building types and climates with systems, technologies, and skills that already exist, and at costs that are in the range of conventional buildings. Maximizing energy efficiency for all building energy uses is found as central to net-zero targets. Jurisdictions all over the world, including Brussels, New York, Vancouver, and Tyrol, have innovated visionary policies to catalyze themarket success of such buildings, with more than 7 million square meters of nearly-zero energy buildings erected in China alone in the past few years. Since embodied carbon in building materials can consume up to a half of the remaining 1.5°C carbon budget, this article reviews recent advances to minimize embodied energy and store carbon in building materials.
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Nosenko, Yuliia. "EVOLUTION OF OPEN SCIENCE TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES." Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod University. Series: «Pedagogy. Social Work», no. 1(48) (May 27, 2021): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2524-0609.2021.48.293-298.
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Building a global information space and Knowledge Society, the European community is developing a priority area for research and innovation policy – the Open Science, which, among other things, provides open access to publications and research results. When developing this direction in Ukraine, it is expedient to take into account the experience of successful countries, global transformations and trends, digital progress, and historical lessons. The article’s purpose is to substantiate the periodization and determine the stages of evolution of open science tools and technologies in the world. The article presents some results of the research within the project «Cloud-oriented systems of open science in teaching and professional development of teachers» (registration number 2020.02/0310) implemented with grant support from the National Research Fund of Ukraine. Theoretical methods are used: historical-pedagogical method, generalization of scientific and scientific-methodical sources, analysis and systematization of concepts, works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, experts in the field of digitalization of education and science. The periodization of the evolution of open science tools and technologies has been developed. The first stage was characterized by a sharp increase in data and knowledge flows, the emergence of the first initiatives to ensure the availability of scientific and cultural achievements of humankind. The second stage was characterized by the intensification of the process of transition of journals and scientific repositories to the open format, the development and dissemination of software to support open access, the development of cloud computing and Web 2.0 technology. The result of the third period was the intensive development of scientific-educational environments, due to the processes of digitization, increasing trends: open access, archiving of articles, data exchange.
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Praharaj, S., and E. Wentz. "BUILDING COMMUNITY RESILIENCE THROUGH GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION DASHBOARDS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-4/W5-2022 (October 17, 2022): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-4-w5-2022-151-2022.
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Abstract. This article discusses a dashboard toolkit designed at the Knowledge Exchange for Resilience at the Arizona State University to integrate and analyze multi-agency data offering many ways of visualizing big data representable, contextualizable, and intelligible to a non-expert target audience. We outline a community-driven approach to identify pressing resiliency issues and deploy dashboard tools on targeted areas for significant community benefit. Our research builds on the offerings of data science to aid community-focused decision support systems to enable evidence-based and real-time decision-making. We hypothesize that building community resilience in response to emerging challenges requires a combination of timely data at the local scale and easy-to-use decision support tools. This research particularly focuses on augmenting the capacity of communities through dashboard technologies to comprehend rapidly evolving issues and address them in a timely and efficient manner. Our work contributes to a rapidly growing research domain around geospatial data visualization technologies that are increasingly playing a vital role in the shaping of government policies, including resiliency planning and disaster response. This study argues that dashboards that are action-oriented, easy-to-use, and locally embedded within the community have much more potential to be used as a decision-support system. The findings indicate that community-based knowledge networks catalyzed and influenced by modern technologies might provide a model to negotiate the gaps between ecosystem-based and social-science-focused conceptualization of community resilience.
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Kunwar, Niraj, and Mahabir Bhandari. "A Comprehensive Analysis of Energy and Daylighting Impact of Window Shading Systems and Control Strategies on Commercial Buildings in the United States." Energies 13, no. 9 (May 11, 2020): 2401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092401.
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Commercial buildings consume approximately 1.9 EJ of energy in the United States, 50% of which is for heating, cooling, and lighting applications. It is estimated that windows contribute up to 34% of the energy used for heating and cooling. However, window retrofits are not often undertaken to increase energy efficiency because of the high cost and disruptive nature of window installation. Highly efficient window technologies would also need shading devices for glare prevention and visual comfort. An automated window shading system with an appropriate control strategy is a technology that can reduce energy demand, maintain occupant comfort, and enhance the aesthetics and privacy of the built environment. However, the benefits of the automated shades currently used by the shading industry are not well studied. The topic merits an analysis that will help building owners, designers and engineers, and utilities make informed decisions using knowledge of the impact of this technology on energy consumption, peak demand, daylighting, and occupant comfort. This study uses integrated daylight and whole-building energy simulation to evaluate the performance of various control strategies that the shading industry uses in commercial office buildings. The analysis was performed for three different vintages of medium office buildings at six different locations in United States. The results obtained show the control strategies enabled cooling energy savings of up to 40% using exterior shading, and lighting energy savings of up to 25%. The control strategies described can help building engineers and researchers explore different control methods used to control shading in actual buildings but rarely discussed in the literature. This information will give researchers the opportunity to investigate potential improvements in current technologies and their performance.
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Windapo, Abimbola Oluwakemi, and Alireza Moghayedi. "Adoption of smart technologies and circular economy performance of buildings." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 10, no. 4 (March 26, 2020): 585–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-04-2019-0041.
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PurposeThis paper examines the use of intelligent technologies in buildings and whether the use of smart technologies impacts the circular economy performance of buildings in terms of energy and water consumption, their marginal cost and the management decision time and quality, for building management companies.Design/methodology/approachThe study is initiated through the detailed build-up of the proposition that employs a systematic literature review and adopts the case study research design to make a cross-case analysis of the information extracted from data. The data are derived from the operating costs of two buildings in which most advanced smart technologies are used in Cape Town and interviews with their facility managers. These data provide two research case studies. The results of the investigation are then analysed and linked back to the literature.FindingsThe results of the research suggest that the implementation of smart technologies to create intelligent infrastructure is beneficial to the circular economy performance of buildings and the time taken for management decisions. The results of the study have proven that the impact of smart technologies on the circular economy performance of buildings is positive, as it lowers the cost of utilities and decreases the time required for management decisions.Research limitations/implicationsThe research reported in this paper is exploratory, and due to its limited sample size, its findings may not be statistically generalizable to the population of high-occupancy buildings in Cape Town, which incorporate smart infrastructure technologies within their building management systems (BMSs). Also, the empirical data collected were limited to the views and opinions of the interviewees, and the secondary data were obtained from the selected buildings.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that investment in smart technologies within buildings is of significant value and will improve the circular economy performance of buildings in terms of low energy and water use, and effective management decisions.Social implicationsThe results imply that there would be more effective maintenance decisions taken by facilities managers, which will enable the maintenance of equipment to be properly monitored, problems with the building services and equipment to be identified in good time and in improved well-being and user satisfaction.Originality/valueThe study provides evidence to support the concept that advanced smart technologies boost performance, the time required for management decisions and that they enable circularity in buildings. It supports the proposition that investment in the more advanced smart technologies in buildings has more positive rewards.
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Jones, Phillip, Xiaojun Li, Ester Coma Bassas, Emmanouil Perisoglou, and Jo Patterson. "Energy-Positive House: Performance Assessment through Simulation and Measurement." Energies 13, no. 18 (September 9, 2020): 4705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184705.
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This paper presents the results for the operating energy performance of the smart operation for a low carbon energy region (SOLCER) house. The house design is based on a ‘systems’ approach, which integrates the building technologies for electrical and thermal energy systems, together with the architectural design. It is based on the concept of ‘energy positive’ buildings, utilising renewable energy systems which form part of the building envelope construction. The paper describes how the building energy model HTB2, with a range of additional ‘plugins’, has been used to simulate specific elements of the design and the overall energy performance of the house. Measurement data have been used in combination with the energy simulation results to evaluate the performance of the building together with its systems, and identifying the energy performance of individual components of the building. The study has indicated that an energy-positive performance can be achieved through an integrative systems approach. The analysis has indicated that the house, under normal occupancy, needs to import about 26% of its energy from the grid, but over the year its potential export to import ratio can reach 1.3:1. The paper discusses the performance gap between design and operation. It also considers the contribution of a transpired solar air collector (TSC) to space heating. The results have been used to gain a detailed understanding of energy-positive performance.
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Wu, Donglei, and Minwei Guo. "Application of Data Mining in Traditional Benchmark Evaluation Model for Buildings Energy Consumption." Scientific Programming 2021 (October 1, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8610050.
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Since the beginning of data mining technologies, buildings have become not just energy-intensive but also information-centric. Data mining technologies have been widely used to utilize the huge quantities of buildings’ operational data to improve their energy systems. Conventional benchmarking of buildings’ energy performance reflects a variety of parameters, such as the number of inhabitants, the environment, the energy efficiency of equipment utilized, and the adjustment of internal temperature. These various elements are then assigned weights to generate a single general indicator. This study presents a reasonable benchmark assessment methodology of conventional buildings’ energy usage based on a data-mining algorithm for acquiring more specific information, like the energy management efficacy of a building, and aiming at the problem of ineffective use of large amounts of energy consumption in public buildings. A mathematical-statistical approach and a data-mining tool are used to analyse the data. The degree of connection between numerous influencing variables (i.e., characteristic parameters) and building’s energy usage is determined using grey correlation analysis. In this work, we have used an enhanced Apriori algorithm to identify the link between the different forms of systems in the same area. In short, the fundamental idea and process of the Apriori algorithm are presented, and preliminary designs of the preprocessing of experimental data as well as the analysis methods are studied to analyse the outcome of the proposed work.
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Lee, Irene Y. L., Huiyu Chen, and Robert L. K. Tiong. "AN INVESTIGATION INTO TENANT ORGANIZATIONS' WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY FOR THE INTANGIBLE VALUE-ADDED BENEFITS OF SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS: CASE STUDY IN SINGAPORE." Journal of Green Building 10, no. 3 (September 2015): 191–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.10.3.191.
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This research aims to understand the demand for sustainable buildings by investigating the tenant organizations' willingness-to-pay (WTP) behavior towards the value-added benefits (VABs). Tenant organizations refer to tenants operating in office buildings on tenancy agreement. Six groups of factors of tenant organizations' WTP for the VABs are identified: (1) Organization Characteristics, (2) Current Premises, (3) Building Characteristics, (4) Satisfaction of the VABs Experienced, (5) Perception, and (6) Knowledge of Sustainability Issues, Building Sustainability Rating Systems and Building Impacts. A survey was conducted on the tenant organizations operating in office buildings located in the city area of Singapore. The hypothesized relationship between the tenant organizations' WTP for the VABs and its factors were tested using a series of statistical techniques on the data collected from the survey. It is found that older tenant organizations tend to have lower WTP for the VABs of improved health and comfort of their employees. Generally, tenant organizations also have demand for sustainable buildings mainly due to the positive organizational image that sustainable buildings help to project. In addition, it is found that the current building sustainability rating systems are inadequate for communicating the sustainability benefits to building occupants and for achieving building sustainability. Lastly, the investigation reveals that the use of sustainable technologies is not as important as how the building is being managed during its operational stage for ensuring building sustainability performance. The findings from this study are useful for channeling the sustainability efforts of the building industry to more effective areas.
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Sukiasyan, Eduard R. "The Structure of Library Classification Systems. Problems of the General Theory." Bibliotekovedenie [Russian Journal of Library Science], no. 3 (June 22, 2012): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2012-0-3-25-29.
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The author considers the basic questions of building the structure of classification systems. In the future, it is possible to reconstruct the basic principles of the “new LBC” in the structure of which the existing differences will be surmounted. The structure of the system should include the division of fundamental sciences (this includes natural and human sciences), applied sciences and technologies as well as complex of interdisciplinary and general scientific knowledge.
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Ingemansson, Alexander R. "The Development of Informational-Executive Cyber-Physical Systems in Materials Production and Metalworking." Materials Science Forum 973 (November 2019): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.973.200.
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It is pointed out that the increase of efficiency of machine-building industry and materials production by means of implementation of science-intensive informational-executive cyber-physical systems firstly must be realized in metalworking industry. The aspects of composition and mechanisms of function of cyber-physical systems and the directions of the increase of efficiency of production technologies in metalworking are investigated.
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Basok, Borys. "Municipal Heat Energy of Ukraine - Adaptation to Global Warming." Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska 23 (2021): 552–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54740/ros.2021.039.
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Rising global temperatures have exacerbated the problems of adaptation to climate change in various sectors of the economy, including municipal energy. Therefore, the task is to develop measures and mechanisms, the implementation of which will guarantee cost-effective comfortable and reliable heat and cold supply of buildings and structures in climate change. Experimental studies of heat transfer and monitoring of thermal regimes in enclosing structures and building elements were conducted with the development of innovative engineering systems for energy supply of a passive house of the "zero-energy" type. Experimental developments of innovative energy-efficient greenhouse gas-reducing technologies and equipment for energy supply systems of buildings have been performed and their architectural and construction solutions for adaptation to climate change have been optimized. In order to expand and deepen the theory and practice of improving the energy efficiency of buildings in the near future, the scientific priority and subject of basic and applied research have been identified. Developed adaptive to climate change innovative, energy efficient technologies and equipment of engineering systems of energy supply of buildings with the use of renewable energy sources can be used in the practice of energy supply of housing and communal services.
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Sawadogo, Mohamed, Marie Duquesne, Rafik Belarbi, Ameur El Amine Hamami, and Alexandre Godin. "Review on the Integration of Phase Change Materials in Building Envelopes for Passive Latent Heat Storage." Applied Sciences 11, no. 19 (October 7, 2021): 9305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11199305.
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Latent heat thermal energy storage systems incorporate phase change materials (PCMs) as storage materials. The high energy density of PCMs, their ability to store at nearly constant temperature, and the diversity of available materials make latent heat storage systems particularly competitive technologies for reducing energy consumption in buildings. This work reviews recent experimental and numerical studies on the integration of PCMs in building envelopes for passive energy storage. The results of the different studies show that the use of PCMs can reduce the peak temperature and smooth the thermal load. The integration of PCMs can be done on the entire building envelope (walls, roofs, windows). Despite many advances, some aspects remain to be studied, notably the long-term stability of buildings incorporating PCMs, the issues of moisture and mass transfer, and the consideration of the actual use of the building. Based on this review, we have identified possible contributions to improve the efficiency of passive systems incorporating PCMs. Thus, fatty acids and their eutectic mixtures, combined with natural insulators, such as vegetable fibers, were chosen to make shape-stabilized PCMs composites. These composites can be integrated in buildings as a passive thermal energy storage material.
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Caniato and Gasparella. "Discriminating People’s Attitude towards Building Physical Features in Sustainable and Conventional Buildings." Energies 12, no. 8 (April 13, 2019): 1429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12081429.
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At the present time, buildings technologies for residential constructions are essentially divided into two groups. The first one is associated to conventional techniques using concrete, masonry or in general heavyweight structures, while the second one is associated to timber, e.g., sustainable glulam, crosslam, etc. (lightweight structures). Technicians, scientist, designers and non-expert people have their own stereotyped ideas and attitudes, related to thermal and sound insulation, structural stability, fire resistance, service equipment, heating and cooling systems, etc. Nevertheless, for people who is not strongly related to both construction procedure studies, analysis, experiences or focuses, timber structures appear to be more comfortable, reliable and insulated. The need of investigating the role of non-physical and non-measurable parameters in affecting future inhabitants’ overall preconceptions related to new sustainable buildings is thus of paramount importance. The hypothesis that behavioral, physiological, past experiences and psychological factors can have a non-negligible role in determining the final user perception, interaction and adaptation to timber buildings has to be verified. For these reasons, an international survey was realized in order to investigate what individuals expect from these two different construction technologies. After focused statistical analysis, it could be demonstrated how geographical difference could influence results and that, for indoor comfort, stereotypes do exist for lightweight buildings in comparison to heavyweight ones, highlighting how timber construction are associated to thermal comfort and sensed as innovative even if there is no complete distrust in conventional ones. The influence of non-physical and non-measurable parameters is correlated to people’s attitudes.
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Devyanin, Petr Nikolaevich, Vladimir Iurevich Telezhnikov, and Alexey Vladimirovich Khoroshilov. "Building a methodology for secure system software development on the example of operating systems." Proceedings of the Institute for System Programming of the RAS 33, no. 5 (2021): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15514/ispras-2021-33(5)-2.
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System software is a cornerstone of any software system, so building secure system software in accordance with requirements of certification authorities and state-of-the-art practices is an important scientific and technical problem. One of possible approaches to cope with the problem is to build a methodology for secure system software development including advanced scientific technologies and industry best practices. The paper presents current results achieved in building such methodology in the following directions. The first one is regulatory framework improvement including development of GOST R specifications defining requirements to formal models of access control policies and their formal verification. The second direction is design and verification of formal models of corresponding security functional requirements. The third direction is application of new and well established technologies of static and run-time analysis of systems software. The considered technologies include static analysis, fuzzing, functional and unit testing as well as testing the system software against formal models of its functional security requirements. The forth direction is development of methods for acquisition of results of all kinds of the analysis and for its analytical processing. All the directions are illustrated by practical examples of application of the methodology to development of Astra Linux operating system distribution that is certified according to the highest evaluation assurance levels.
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Rasmussen, Mads Holten, Maxime Lefrançois, Georg Ferdinand Schneider, and Pieter Pauwels. "BOT: The building topology ontology of the W3C linked building data group." Semantic Web 12, no. 1 (November 19, 2020): 143–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sw-200385.
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Actors in the Architecture, Engineering, Construction, Owner and Operation (AECOO) industry traditionally exchange building models as files. The Building Information Modelling (BIM) methodology advocates the seamless exchange of all information between related stakeholders using digital technologies. The ultimate evolution of the methodology, BIM Maturity Level 3, envisions interoperable, distributed, web-based, interdisciplinary information exchange among stakeholders across the life-cycle of buildings. The World Wide Web Consortium Linked Building Data Community Group (W3C LBD-CG) hypothesises that the Linked Data models and best practices can be leveraged to achieve this vision in modern web-based applications. In this paper, we introduce the Building Topology Ontology (BOT) as a core vocabulary to this approach. It provides a high-level description of the topology of buildings including storeys and spaces, the building elements they contain, and their web-friendly 3D models. We describe how existing applications produce and consume datasets combining BOT with other ontologies that describe product catalogues, sensor observations, or Internet of Things (IoT) devices effectively implementing BIM Maturity Level 3. We evaluate our approach by exporting and querying three real-life large building models.
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Peng, Changhai, Lu Huang, and Bangwei Wan. "NOVEL INTEGRATED DESIGN STRATEGIES FOR NET-ZERO-ENERGY SOLAR BUILDINGS (NZESBS) IN NANJING, CHINA." Journal of Green Building 10, no. 3 (September 2015): 89–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.10.3.87.
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The connotations and denotations of the term net-zero-energy solar buildings (NZESBs) have been in constant flux because of continuous developments in solar heating technology, solar photovoltaic (PV) technology, building energy-storage technology, regional energy-storage technology, and energy-management systems. This paper focuses on innovative strategies for implementing NZESBs in Nanjing, China. These strategies include integrated architectural design, including passive solar design (respecting climatic characteristics and conducting integrated planning based on the environment, building orientation, distance between buildings, building shape, ratio of window area to wall area, and building envelope) and active solar design (integration of the solar-energy-collecting end of the system – collectors and PV panels – with the building surface – roof, wall surfaces, balconies, and sun-shading devices – and the integration of solar-energy transfer and storage equipment with the building). Some Nanjing-specific recommendations and findings on NZESBs are proposed. The results illustrate that NZESBs can be realized in Nanjing if solar energy technologies are appropriately integrated with the characteristics of Nanjing's geography, climate and buildings.
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Melekhin, Andrey A. "Development of technical and economic analysis algorithms for calculators of engineering systems." Vestnik MGSU, no. 7 (July 2021): 859–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2021.7.859-875.
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Introduction. The problem relevance is explained by the advancement of digital technologies in science and engineering, including the design and reconstruction of engineering systems of buildings and structures. Numerous regulatory documents have been developed so far, including codes of rules, All-Russian State Standards (GOSTs) and other regulatory instruments. This scope of documents is regularly updated. The problem is the insufficient adaptation of this regulatory documentation in software packages.
Materials and methods. To solve this problem and to complete a feasibility study backing the choice of envelopes and the analysis of thermal loads on buildings, an engineering calculator has been developed. The author has designed calculation algorithms for an engineering calculator based on (1) the regulatory documentation, applicable to the thermal protection of buildings, and (2) the heat flow analysis methodology based on the aggregate parameters of a construction facility, and (3) the economic justification of the methodology application.
Results. The results obtained using the engineering calculator and based on the heat flow analysis algorithm that employs aggregate parameters are compared with the results extracted from the building designs. To solve the applied problem, the engineering calculator uses one sample building to analyze the feasibility of application of various types of envelopes.
Conclusions. In the course of research, the author set and solved the following tasks: the method of specific heat flow analysis, based on the aggregate parameters of a construction facility, was applied to calculate new a, n coefficients; DHTML software was applied to develop algorithms for engineering calculators, including the heat flow analysis algorithm based on the aggregate parameters and the feasibility study algorithm applied to justify the use of particular types of building envelopes; a web application was developed to analyze the heat flow on the basis of the aggregate parameters and the feasibility of application of certain types of building envelopes.
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Hesaraki, Behnaz, YuXiang Chen, Regina Dias Ferreira, and Mohamed Al-Hussein. "Energy code compliant house design for lowest lifecycle cost based on market-available technologies." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 46, no. 4 (April 2019): 308–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2018-0237.
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Investigating code-compliant and market-available options for building envelope, domestic systems, and solar photovoltaic systems accounting for construction and operational cost, the near-lowest lifecycle cost (LCC) design compliant with building energy codes is identifiable following the methodology proposed in this study. A case study of a house design in Edmonton, Canada, is conducted to demonstrate the methodology; the 30-year LCC of options for code-compliance are calculated for three energy cost scenarios. The results indicate that the most cost-effective design may have a 16% to 30% lower LCC than other investigated designs. In terms of achieving a similar level of energy performance, a house that uses a heat recovery ventilator, forced-air gas-fired space heating system, tankless water heater, and features a less-insulated building envelope offers the lowest LCC. The results of this study suggest that LCC should be considered in the development of building energy regulations to include economic aspects while proposing energy standards.
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Zhao, Jing, and Yahui Du. "A Study on Energy-Saving Technologies Optimization towards Nearly Zero Energy Educational Buildings in Four Major Climatic Regions of China." Energies 12, no. 24 (December 12, 2019): 4734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12244734.
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An educational building is a kind of public building with a high density of occupants and high energy consumption. Energy-saving technology utilization is an effective measure to achieve high-performance buildings. However, numerous studies are greatly limited to practical application due to their strong regional pertinence and technical simplicity. This paper aims to further optimize various commonly used technologies on the basis of the current national standards, and to individually establish four recommended technology selection systems corresponding to four major climatic regions for realizing nearly zero energy educational buildings (nZEEBs) in China. An educational building was selected as the case study. An evaluation index of energy-saving contribution rate (ECR) was proposed for measuring the energy efficiency of each technology. Thereafter, high energy efficiency technologies were selected and implemented together in the four basic cases representing different climatic regions. The results showed that the total energy-saving rate in severe cold regions increased by 70.74% compared with current national standards, and about 60% of the total energy-saving rate can be improved in cold regions. However, to realize nZEEBs in hot summer and cold winter regions as well as in hot summer and warm winter regions, photovoltaic (PV) technology needs to be further supplemented.
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Kabundu, Emmanuel, Sijekula Mbanga, Brink Botha, and Gerrit Crafford. "Housing Quantum and Innovative Building Systems in South Africa – the Affordability Perspective for 2020." Critical Housing Analysis 9, no. 2 (December 26, 2022): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.13060/23362839.2022.9.2.546.
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The adoption of innovative building technologies (IBTs) and social welfare policies in South Africa has facilitated an increase in decent homeownership among low-income groups, thus improving their quality of life. However, due to the escalating costs of building materials, the capital and lifecycle costs of implementing these technologies may no longer be affordable. This research aims to provide a comparative evaluation of the affordability of some readily available IBTs in the South African construction industry, relative to existing homeownership subsidy grants. The method used involved the use of secondary data for these IBTs and the income constraint methods. The results showed that, apart from the technologies suitable for the provision of temporary structures, most of the other technologies were not affordable for the complete subsidisation of the top structure when both capital and lifecycle costs were used, except the Moladi and Robust structure IBTs under some low-income homeownership programmes. Further analysis using credit-linked subsidies revealed that the minimum household income required to achieve affordable homeownership (and their rankings) depends both on the evaluation technique (lifecycle or capital costs) and technology used. To improve affordability, any implementing government can either raise the amount of the top structure subsidy grant, promote the use of cheaper but durable IBTs, or promote the use in incremental building methods, such as the Enhanced People’s Housing Process (EPHP) for the case of South Africa.
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PLESHIVTSEV, Alexander A. "METHODS OF ENSURING FUNCTIONAL QUALITY IN ARCHITECTURAL OBJECTS THROUGH TRADITIONAL AND INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES." Urban construction and architecture 11, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2021.02.18.
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The issues related to the analysis of technological methods for the formation of architectural objects are considered. The purpose of the research is to identify the scale and prospects for the use of traditional and innovative technologies. Solving problems associated with the development of technological methods and processes is accompanied by the development of general theoretical knowledge of architectural science and building materials science as ways to improve the functional quality of architectural systems and their display in the formats of buildings and structures. The real need to develop a systematic approach and the development of a methodology for integrating the technological component (more precisely, non-traditional or innovative methods and techniques) into the algorithm for the formation of architectural objects predetermined and determined the goal and objectives of this study. The theoretical base of research includes both scientifi c and philosophical works devoted to the object and subject of research in a global aspect, and scientifi c and technical literature, in relation to a specifi c area of architectural activity.
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Mitchell, Steve, Julie Mason, and Lori Pender. "Enabling technologies and service designs for collaborative Internet collection building." Library Hi Tech 22, no. 3 (September 2004): 295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/07378830410560099.
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Mandičák, Tomáš, Peter Mesároš, and Matúš Tkáč. "Construction project management through BIM and knowledge technology." Pollack Periodica 15, no. 1 (April 2020): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/606.2020.15.1.17.
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Abstract Construction project management is difficult process and important part of efficiency and productivity in construction industry. Currently, construction industry is increasing demands on technology, environmental and social construction parameters in the context of maintaining the balance of economic efficiency and sustainability of the construction and realization of buildings. Progressive technology as knowledge systems and building information modeling are the supporting tool for achieving this. Building information modeling is a progressive intelligent 3D model-based process that gives architecture, engineering, and construction professionals the insight and tools to more efficiently in planning, designing and buildings and infrastructure managing. Knowledge and building information modeling technology include a lot of functions and opportunities for better and easier way to achieve project goal and affect to construction project management process. Research discusses the issue of construction project management trough building information modeling and knowledge technology. The main aim of the paper is to analyze impact of these technologies on efficiency in construction project management.
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Reuter, Christian, Jürgen Altmann, Malte Göttsche, and Mirko Himmel. "Natural Science and Technical Peace Research: Definition, History, and Current Work." Sicherheit & Frieden 38, no. 1 (2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0175-274x-2020-1-1.
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Scientific discoveries and technological innovations have always exerted a great influence on peace and security. New civil and military technologies are revolutionizing warfare. Particularly striking areas are cyber warfare and the rapid development of uninhabited weapon systems. Issues of nuclear disarmament, missile defence or space armament as well as chemical and biological weapons remain urgent. The conference SCIENCE · PEACE · SECURITY ’19 aimed for an accurate understanding and fruitful discussions of today’s and tomorrow’s peace and security challenges. This includes natural science/technical as well as interdisciplinary contributions, focusing on problems of international security and peace-building as well as contributions dedicated to transparency, trust-building, arms control, disarmament, and conflict management. This special issue presents selected contributions based on discussions at the conference.