Journal articles on the topic 'Building performance assessment system'
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Araz, Mustafa, Emrah Biyikt, and Arif Hepbasli. "A Long-term Period Performance Assessment of a Building Integrated Photovoltaic System." E3S Web of Conferences 122 (2019): 02007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912202007.
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Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) systems can be defined as PV modules, which can be integrated in building's envelope by replacing conventional building materials such as windows, tiles etc. and have an impact on the functionality of the buildings. Considering the huge share (40%) of buildings in total energy consumption and nearly zero-energy building target of the European Union (EU), BIPV systems present a sustainable solution and have gained increased interest in last years. In this study, the performance of a BIPV system, which was installed on Feb. 8, 2016 on the façade of a campus building at Yasar University, İzmir, Turkey within the framework a EU/FP7 project and has a capacity of 7.44 kWp, is evaluated for a three-year period using first and second laws of thermodynamics. Within this context, real (experimental) monthly and yearly electricity productions are determined and compared with the results obtained from the simulations. Energy and exergy efficiencies and performance ratios of the system are also calculated based on the cell and total areas.
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Kridlova-Burdova, Eva, and Silvia Vilčeková. "Environmental Assessment of Building Materials and Constructions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 3161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.3161.
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Since previous instances the requirements of environmental safety, suitability and responsibility of buildings have increased. The criteria of sustainability are included in building environmental assessment systems and tools used in different countries for evaluating their sustainable and environmental performance. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the one of most significant filed in building environmental assessment system (BEAS), which was developed at the Technical University of Košice. The Slovak system was developed on the basis of existing systems used in many countries. BEAS as a multi-criteria system which is incorporated in proposed main fields: site selection&project planning; building construction; indoor environment; energy performance; water management and waste management. Selection of building materials and structures is very important in term of embodied energy and emissions of pollutants. The field of building construction will be introduced in the paper. The aim is also weighting and analysis of significance of building construction indicators in system BEAS with is applicable in Slovak conditions.
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Çelebi, M., A. Sanli, M. Sinclair, S. Gallant, and D. Radulescu. "Real-Time Seismic Monitoring Needs of a Building Owner—and the Solution: A Cooperative Effort." Earthquake Spectra 20, no. 2 (May 2004): 333–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1735987.
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A recently implemented advanced seismic monitoring system for a 24-story building facilitates recording of accelerations and computing displacements and drift ratios in near-real time to measure the earthquake performance of the building. The drift ratio is related to the damage condition of the specific building. This system meets the owner's needs for rapid quantitative input to assessments and decisions on post-earthquake occupancy. The system is now successfully working and, in absence of strong shaking to date, is producing low-amplitude data in real time for routine analyses and assessment. Studies of such data to date indicate that the configured monitoring system with its building specific software can be a useful tool in rapid assessment of buildings and other structures following an earthquake. Such systems can be used for health monitoring of a building, for assessing performance-based design and analyses procedures, for long-term assessment of structural characteristics, and for long-term damage detection.
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Park, Jaehyun, Junglo Park, Juhyung Kim, and Jaejun Kim. "Building information modelling based energy performance assessment system." Construction Innovation 12, no. 3 (July 6, 2012): 335–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14714171211244587.
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VillarinhoRosa, Lúcio, and Assed Naked Haddad. "Building Sustainability Assessment throughout Multicriteria Decision Making." Journal of Construction Engineering 2013 (September 30, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/578671.
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Opinion and choice strongly influence sustainability concepts. The building construction industry, in particular property developers, has been charged with promoting excess environmental impacts ranging from overuse of resources to pollution generation. This paper presents an application of sustainability concepts to building projects, as well as to the development of practices, methodology, and tools for evaluating existing buildings. This study will detail how current systems to evaluate building performance operate and how to improve them. This approach utilizes the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). AHP is a multicriteria method that evaluates the relative importance of criteria, subcriteria, and families of indicators, used in the proposed system of technical characteristics applied to the local culture. At the same time, AHP makes visible the critical factors involved in evaluation of sustainability of these buildings. A result of the application of this type of modeling is a system for sustainability assessment and evaluation of environmental aspects and socioeconomic perspectives of existing buildings in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Martinopoulos, Georgios, Anna Serasidou, Panagiota Antoniadou, and Agis M. Papadopoulos. "Building Integrated Shading and Building Applied Photovoltaic System Assessment in the Energy Performance and Thermal Comfort of Office Buildings." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (December 7, 2018): 4670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124670.
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Non-residential and more specifically office buildings are, nowadays, an integral part of the building stock and milestones of urban areas in most of the developed and developing countries all over the world. Compared to other building types, office buildings present some of the highest specific energy consumption rates. In the present study, a typical nine-story office is assessed for a number of different building integrated retrofitting measures. Measurements of indoor environmental conditions were used in order to validate the developed simulation model of the building in EnergyPlus. Then, a number of different building integration options for photovoltaic systems and shading options are examined, in order to evaluate the best option in terms of indoor air quality, thermal comfort and energy consumption. The amount of electricity produced can meet 65% of the building’s annual electricity requirements, while the shading options can reduce energy requirements by as much as 33%. Although this in not a value that can be dismissed easily, it becomes clear that further—and more deeply aiming—measures are needed, if the building is to achieve near zero energy status.
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Lu, Shilei, Minchao Fan, and Yiqun Zhao. "A System to Pre-Evaluate the Suitability of Energy-Saving Technology for Green Buildings." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (October 19, 2018): 3777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103777.
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Rating systems for green buildings often give assessments from the perspective of the overall performance of a single building or architecture complex but rarely target specific green building technologies. As some of the rating systems are scored according to whether the technologies are used or not, some developers tend to pile up energy-saving technologies blindly just for the sake of certifications without considering their suitability for the application. Such behavior may lead to the failure of achieving the energy goals for green buildings. To solve this problem, a system that pre-evaluates the suitability of green building energy-saving technologies is devised based on modified TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) method, SA (simulated annealing) algorithm and unascertained theory-based data analysis method. By setting indices from technology performance, economy, human satisfaction aspects and by using the building prior information and measured database of technology usage, this system can make a quantifiable and multi-dimensional grading assessment for the target green building energy-saving technologies in the design stage. The system aims at helping the designer choose technologies in the design phase that best enhance the performance of the finished green building. It also helps prevent the sub-optimal performance of unsuitable technologies caused by the “pile up” behavior mentioned earlier. To verify this evaluation system, two building designs which use energy-recovery technology are evaluated, and the predicted performance for both designs matched the actual operation of the technology in the buildings themselves well.
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Tian, Wei, Chuanqi Zhu, Yunliang Liu, Baoquan Yin, and Jiaxin Shi. "ENERGY ASSESSMENT OF URBAN BUILDINGS BASED ON GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM." Journal of Green Building 15, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.15.3.83.
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ABSTRACT Urban building energy analysis has attracted more attention as the population living in cities increases as does the associated energy consumption in urban environments. This paper proposes a systematic bottom-up method to conduct energy analysis and assess energy saving potentials by combining dynamic engineering-based energy models, machine learning models, and global sensitivity analysis within the GIS (Geographic Information System) environment for large-scale urban buildings. This method includes five steps: database construction of building parameters, automation of creating building models at the GIS environment, construction of machine learning models for building energy assessment, sensitivity analysis for choosing energy saving measures, and GIS visual evaluation of energy saving schemes. Campus buildings in Tianjin (China) are used as a case study to demonstrate the application of the method proposed in this research. The results indicate that the method proposed here can provide reliable and fast analysis to evaluate the energy performance of urban buildings and determine effective energy saving measures to reduce energy consumption of urban buildings. Moreover, the GIS-based analysis is very useful to both create energy models of buildings and display energy analysis results for urban buildings.
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Reginald, Ajiero Ikenna. "Integrating BIM with BMS in Energy Performance Assessment." International Journal of 3-D Information Modeling 4, no. 1 (January 2015): 19–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ij3dim.2015010102.
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In recent times, energy performance assessment has gained a legislative imperative in that it constitutes an indispensable criterion for preparing Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs). Accordingly, production of EPC which is heralded by energy audits and simulations using BIM software programs heavily depends on data accuracy. Whereas, there have been several studies on Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Building Management System (BMS) autonomously, peer reviewed literature on both regimes in concert, remain unavailable or perhaps emerging; thus, constituting a gap in the use of BIM for energy analysis. Against this background, a university administrative building with a Gross Floor Area (GFA) of 2353.91m2 has been the object of a comprehensive energy performance assessment. The principal aim being to use data collected from BMS readings to assess the building's energy performance, produce its EPC and highlight energy conservation strategies that will improve the building's productivity without compromising occupants' comfort. This study therefore attempts to put the teeming theoretical efforts on BIM in energy management into a practical perspective.
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Korzh, Maryna, Andriy Gaievskyi, and Karyna Hurdzhyian. "Assessment of the enterprise marketing performance." Problems and Perspectives in Management 15, no. 4 (December 12, 2017): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.15(4).2017.01.
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Nowadays, the Ukrainian economic system is facing difficulties because of country’s integration into the world globalization processes, and crisis phenomena create uncertainty and lack of stability to entrepreneurship that results in the increase in risk of international business processes. Therefore, assessing the marketing performance of a domestic enterprise under the instability is of particular interest. This requires for quantitative and qualitative system-based and situational reasoning of its marketing development plan. The main objective of the paper is to determine the methodological approaches to assessing both the quantitative and qualitative results of an enterprise’s marketing performance. It is determined that in the current context of the national economic system, the operation of business must include the actions directed to mutually agreed economic, image-building, informational, environmental, and social goals. In this regard, the concept of marketing strategy of an enterprise’s functioning and development in a volatile environment based on the system-based and situational approach is developed, and the assessment tools to evaluate marketing strategy performance are proposed (marketing performance evaluation model based on sales revenue index; forecasting the amount of profit from participation in international business processes; plan of actions in cases of forecasting the profit from participation in international business processes taking into account the effectiveness of marketing strategies realization; PSR-FM method that allows to integrate evaluation results of customers’ perceptual and transactional loyalty). The approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the enterprise’s marketing strategy development allow to analyze both the marketing performance of an enterprise at large and the specific marketing initiative regardless of area of economic activity.
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González, Vicente Gutiérrez, Lissette Álvarez Colmenares, Jesús Fernando López Fidalgo, Germán Ramos Ruiz, and Carlos Fernández Bandera. "Uncertainy’s Indices Assessment for Calibrated Energy Models." Energies 12, no. 11 (May 31, 2019): 2096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12112096.
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Building Energy Models (BEMs) are a key element of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD), and they are at the basis of Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs). The main goal of BEMs is to provide information for building stakeholders; they can be a powerful market tool to increase demand for energy efficiency solutions in buildings without affecting the comfort of users, as well as providing other benefits. The next generation of BEMs should value buildings in a holistic and cost-effective manner across several complementary dimensions: envelope performances, system performances, and controlling the ability of buildings to offer flexible services to the grid by optimizing energy consumption, distributed generation, and storage. SABINA is a European project that aims to look for flexibility to the grid, targeting the most economic source possible: existing thermal inertia in buildings. In doing so, SABINA works with a new generation of BEMs that tend to mimic the thermal behavior of real buildings and therefore requires an accurate methodology to choose the model that complies with the requirements of the system. This paper details our novel extensive research on which statistical indices should be chosen in order to identify the best model offered by the calibration process developed by Fernandez et al. in a previous paper and therefore is a continuation of that work.
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Al-Addous, Mohammad, and Aiman Albatayneh. "Knowledge gap with the existing building energy assessment systems." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 38, no. 3 (November 10, 2019): 783–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598719888100.
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Energy supply, the increasing demands for energy, climate change, and the imperative to reduce greenhouse gas emissions must be considered in designing buildings. In order to design energy-efficient buildings, there should be accurate information about the thermal performance of the building. The thermal simulation readings should be precise. Its precision will also have a definite indication of the operational energy costs enabling the likelihood of conserving more energy used in building operations and reducing the greenhouse effect that is a result of emissions of greenhouse gases. Energy-efficient buildings are vital as they reduce the consumption of energy in and allow sustainable development. Erecting such buildings will require correct and realistic prediction of the buildings performance when subjected to a wide variety of harsh weather conditions in order to have a view of the impact of all the physical elements that influence the thermal performance. The behavior of the occupants also influences the thermal performance of a building. To achieve this, energy assessment instruments are used to accurately forecast the buildings thermal performance. This paper critically reviews energy rating methods for housing and the limitations of assessment systems.
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Walker, Linus, Illias Hischier, and Arno Schlueter. "Scenario-based robustness assessment of building system life cycle performance." Applied Energy 311 (April 2022): 118606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.118606.
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Girma, G., and F. Tariku. "Preliminary Experimental Assessment of Building Envelope Integrated Ventilative Cooling design." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2069, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2069/1/012124.
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Abstract To minimize energy consumption, high-performance buildings are being built with highly insulated and airtight building envelopes, high-performance glazing and efficient mechanical systems. But it has been observed that these buildings are prone to an overheating problem during the summertime. Literature suggests a ventilative cooling method, which is the use of natural ventilation for space cooling, as an ideal system for energy saving and overheating prevention. In this study, the behaviour of a building envelope integrated ventilative cooling (EV wall) design is experimentally studied to assess its cooling potential and ventilation capacity. The EV wall design has an opening at the bottom of the wall that allows ventilative air exchange between the indoor and the outdoor through the cavity behind the cladding. The suction pressure created by the buoyancy effect in the wall cavity drives the ventilation air. The experimental assessment has shown that there are two distinct night-time and day-time flows driven by indoor/outdoor temperature difference and solar radiation respectively. This preliminary study indicated the huge potential of ventilative cooling design and ways to further enhance the EV wall performance. For future studies, the EV wall will be considered by implementing an opening control system in a naturally ventilated building.
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Džiugaitė-Tumėnienė, Rasa, and Domas Madeikis. "ASSESSMENT OF ENERGY PERFORMANCE GAP OF AN OFFICE BUILDING." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 13 (October 14, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2021.15292.
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The high share of global energy costs to create an indoor climate has been of increasing interest to the global community for several decades and is increasingly the focus of policy. This paper analyses the energy performance gap between actual energy consumption and energy demand obtained during the dynamic energy simulation and building certification. To identify the energy performance gap, an existing office of energy efficiency class B was selected as a case study. The simulation program IDA Indoor Climate and Energy was used to create a dynamic energy model, based on the designed documentation and the actual indoor climate parameters recorded by the building management system. The results of the case study showed that the accuracy and reliability of the results presented by the dynamic energy model of the building directly depend on the assumptions. The correct values of the internal heat gains, indoor climate parameters, human behavior, air quality levels at different times of the day and season, HVAC system operation parameters and operation modes, specific fan powers of ventilation systems, the seasonal energy efficiency of cooling equipment and characteristics of sun protection measures have to be selected.
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Džiugaitė-Tumėnienė, Rasa, and Domas Madeikis. "ASSESSMENT OF ENERGY PERFORMANCE GAP OF AN OFFICE BUILDING." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 13 (October 14, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2021.15292.
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The high share of global energy costs to create an indoor climate has been of increasing interest to the global community for several decades and is increasingly the focus of policy. This paper analyses the energy performance gap between actual energy consumption and energy demand obtained during the dynamic energy simulation and building certification. To identify the energy performance gap, an existing office of energy efficiency class B was selected as a case study. The simulation program IDA Indoor Climate and Energy was used to create a dynamic energy model, based on the designed documentation and the actual indoor climate parameters recorded by the building management system. The results of the case study showed that the accuracy and reliability of the results presented by the dynamic energy model of the building directly depend on the assumptions. The correct values of the internal heat gains, indoor climate parameters, human behavior, air quality levels at different times of the day and season, HVAC system operation parameters and operation modes, specific fan powers of ventilation systems, the seasonal energy efficiency of cooling equipment and characteristics of sun protection measures have to be selected.
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Akhanova, Nadeem, Kim, and Azhar. "A Framework of Building Sustainability Assessment System for the Commercial Buildings in Kazakhstan." Sustainability 11, no. 17 (August 30, 2019): 4754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11174754.
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: Many building assessment tools exist for guiding building facilities toward sustainability. Some tools are internationally recognized while others are for specific countries based on local needs. This study endeavored to develop a building sustainability assessment framework for Kazakhstan. The framework was developed based on the review of building performance assessment methods such as leadership in energy and environmental design (LEED), building research establishment environmental assessment methodology (BREEAM), comprehensive assessment system for building environmental efficiency (CASBEE), and international initiative for sustainable built environment (SBTool), and considering the local conditions in Kazakhstan. A two-round Delphi survey was employed to develop the assessment categories and indicators by local experts from the architecture, engineering, and construction industry. Mean and standard deviation values were used to analyze the survey data and to make the decision on the level of agreement amongst the Delphi panelists. The proposed framework consists of nine assessment categories, 46 assessment indicators, and 142 parameters covering the four climatic regions in Kazakhstan and considering the environmental, social, and economic perspectives of the country’s sustainable development goals. The introduction of the framework is expected to serve as a reference for establishing the regional building sustainability assessment tool that will aid to increase the awareness of the public and help policymakers to solve sustainability-related issues in Kazakhstan.
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Salsbury, Timothy I. "CONTROL PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT FOR BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEMS." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 39, no. 19 (2006): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20061002-4-bg-4905.00003.
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Wang, Dan, Xiufeng Pang, Wei Wang, Zewei Qi, Jin Li, and Duo Luo. "Assessment of the Potential of High-Performance Buildings to Achieve Zero Energy: A Case Study." Applied Sciences 9, no. 4 (February 22, 2019): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9040775.
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Buildings that are designed with aggressive energy performance targets are defined broadly in this study as high-performance buildings. As the technology advances, some of these buildings have the potential to become zero-energy ready through the adoption of cost-effective measures, such as retro-commissioning and occupant behavior techniques. This study demonstrated the viability of an office building to achieve the zero-energy goal and intended to engage the owners of similar facilities. The case building was designed as a very low-energy building with an energy use intensity (EUI) goal of 42 kWh/(m2 a), and the actual EUI was 23.9 kWh/(m2 a). The calibrated simulation approach was employed in the study, and the results indicated that the case building can achieve the zero-energy goal by optimizing the controls of the HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) system, changing the occupant behavior and improving the performance of the photovoltaic system.
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Abrahamsen, Fredrik Ege, Sturla Grina Ruud, and Alemayehu Gebremedhin. "Assessing Efficiency and Environmental Performance of a Nearly Zero-Energy University Building’s Energy System in Norway." Buildings 13, no. 1 (January 9, 2023): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010169.
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Increasing awareness of climate issues in recent decades has led to new policies on buildings’ energy consumption and energy performance. The European Union (EU) directive 2010/31/EC, i.e., the energy performance of buildings directive (EPBD), is one of the measures initiated to achieve climate and energy goals by reducing energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. The EPBD required all new buildings to be nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEBs) by 2021. Nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEBs) are buildings with a very-high-energy performance and nearly zero or low-energy requirements covered to a very significant extent by energy from renewable sources produced on-site or nearby. The utilisation of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels is a common approach for achieving the nZEB standard. The carbon footprint of PV panels is often not discussed as a parameter. This paper aimed to analyse the environmental performance of an existing nearly zero-energy university building in a Norwegian use case scenario. This analysis is performed by assessing annual electricity and heat consumption from both energetic and environmental perspectives. The energy required for the building during the studied period is then used to analyse the environmental and energy performance of the building. When it comes to the environmental assessment, the commercial software SimaPro was used. The proposed revision EPBD and nZEB definition from 2021 suggests that nZEBs should also consider operational greenhouse gas emissions and life-cycle global warming potential from 2027. The life cycle assessment (LCA) of the building’s energy sources looks at the global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and how they compare to Norwegian grid electricity. The results of the analysis highlights potential challenges to justifying the use of alternative energy sources to fulfil the criteria of nZEBs. When installing solar PV, it is important to consider the energy mix of the country where the solar PVs are produced. To solely consider the energy performance of the building, the installation of solar PV panels in countries with a high share of renewable energy may result in a reduced impact in terms of emission reduction from a life cycle perspective.
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Dascalaki, Elena G., Poulia A. Argiropoulou, Constantinos A. Balaras, Kalliopi G. Droutsa, and Simon Kontoyiannidis. "Benchmarks for Embodied and Operational Energy Assessment of Hellenic Single-Family Houses." Energies 13, no. 17 (August 25, 2020): 4384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174384.
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Building energy performance benchmarking increases awareness and enables stakeholders to make better informed decisions for designing, operating, and renovating sustainable buildings. In the era of nearly zero energy buildings, the embodied energy along with operational energy use are essential for evaluating the environmental impacts and building performance throughout their lifecycle. Key metrics and baselines for the embodied energy intensity in representative Hellenic houses are presented in this paper. The method is set up to progressively cover all types of buildings. The lifecycle analysis was performed using the well-established SimaPro software package and the EcoInvent lifecycle inventory database, complemented with national data from short energy audits carried out in Greece. The operational energy intensity was estimated using the national calculation engine for assessing the building’s energy performance and the predictions were adapted to obtain more realistic estimates. The sensitivity analysis for different type of buildings considered 16 case studies, accounting for representative construction practices, locations (climate conditions), system efficiencies, renovation practices, and lifetime of buildings. The results were used to quantify the relative significance of operational and embodied energy, and to estimate the energy recovery time for popular energy conservation and energy efficiency measures. The derived indicators reaffirm the importance of embodied energy in construction materials and systems for new high performing buildings and for renovating existing buildings to nearly zero energy.
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Mohamed Abdelmawjoud Abdelgaffar, Mohamed Abdelmawjoud Abdelgaffar. "Assessing Sustainability Indicators of a Commercial Building: A LEED Approach." journal of king abdulaziz university environmental design Science 6, no. 1 (January 3, 2009): 83–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/env.6-1.4.
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Construction industry has been proven to cause environmental problems ranging from excessive consumption of natural resources in construction, to the pollution of the environment. Studies on green building to minimize environmental impact are already underway. Tools of assessment of environmental performance of buildings are plenty. However, Middle East countries together with Gulf region are still away from practicing the concept of mitigating the impacts of buildings on the environment. Reasons could be relying on the insufficient awareness of building stakeholders, or the privilege of much fortune. The main objectives of this paper are to arouse the people's attention to the importance of assessment of environmental performance of buildings in KSA, and to introduce a sustainability model for project appraisal based on a multi-dimensional approach, that will be used for the assessment of a case study in KSA. The approach is using the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) rating system as a guide for the assessment. The plan of work includes reviewing the literature on the assessment of sustainability performance of buildings, displaying the LEED system, and assessment of a commercial building in Dammam. The paper uses the descriptive approach to study the problem and collect the data, and the comparative approach to compare the obtained data with the required standards of LEED. The case study, which is a commercial complex in Dammam, is one of these types of buildings widely spread in the development schemes of current real estate investment in KSA. While the building achieved some credits and prerequisites of LEED system, the building lacks many other points. The overall credits achieved are 22%, and the overall prerequisites achieved are 43%. The main problem of the building is related to energy and atmosphere aspects.
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Baird, Andrew, Alessandro Palermo, and Stefano Pampanin. "Facade damage assessment of multi-storey buildings in the 2011 Christchurch earthquake." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 44, no. 4 (December 31, 2011): 368–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.44.4.368-376.
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The magnitude 6.3 earthquake that struck Christchurch on the 22nd February 2011 caused widespread damage to the multi-storey buildings within Christchurch’s central business district (CBD). Damage to the facades of these buildings was a clear contributor to the overall building damage. This paper presents the damage assessment of the facade systems from a survey of 217 multi-storey buildings in the Christchurch CBD. The survey covers only buildings greater than three stories in height, excluding the majority of unreinforced masonry facades, of which damage has been well documented. Since a building can have more than one type of facade system, a total of 371 facade systems are surveyed. Observation of facade damage is discussed and is presented in terms of its performance level. Trends in facade performance are examined in relation the structural parameters such as construction age and height.
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De Luca, Francesco, Hendrik Voll, and Martin Thalfeldt. "Comparison of static and dynamic shading systems for office building energy consumption and cooling load assessment." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 29, no. 5 (August 13, 2018): 978–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-01-2018-0008.
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PurposeExterior shading devices and dynamic shading systems constitute an efficient way to improve energy efficiency and occupants’ comfort in buildings through the reduction of direct solar heat gains and disturbing glare. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the performance of different types of shading systems, fixed and dynamic, and their influence on the energy consumption and cooling loads for an office building located in Tallinn, Estonia. The scope is to determine the most performative configuration for energy consumption and cooling load reduction for office buildings and to provide designers and developers with the necessary knowledge to increase the performance of their buildings.Design/methodology/approachThere are many types of fixed shading devices, most of which use rectangular planar elements, the orientation and layout of which depends on the building location and façade orientation. The dynamic shading systems vary on the base of the building occupancy schedules and occupants’ preferences. The paper presents a method to determine the most efficient type and size of fixed shading devices in relation to different windows’ size and orientation, and the quantity of windows panes. At the same time the dynamic shading system using a control algorithm developed by the authors is compared.FindingsThe results show that solar shading is an efficient way to control the energy consumption of office buildings, though with different efficacy by the static systems depending on orientation, window and shading type. Evidence shows that dynamic blind systems have more uniform performance and usually outperform static shading.Originality/valueThe paper compares the performances of different static and dynamic shading devices and systems for the location in Tallinn. The dynamic shading system tested uses a control algorithm developed by the authors. The indications for the energy reduction and cooling loads are a valuable resource for designers and developers to increase the energy efficiency of their buildings.
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Yoon, Jung Won. "Sustainability Assessment of Smart Materials in Buildings." Materials Science Forum 940 (December 2018): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.940.133.
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Smart materials are discussed in architecture to transfer the state-of-the-art technology and expand the horizon of building performance. Although the effects of smart material applications in building design are discussed in literature and publications from the context of an autonomous responsive system and an environment-control device, the notion of sustainability assessment of smart materials is not comprehensively discussed yet. Researches on the energy simulation, life cycle cost assessment, thermal behavior evaluation, and daylight assessment have been developed for some specific materials. However, the sustainable performance of building is evaluated with criteria of region-based building sustainability assessment tools. Although smart materials in building may contribute to energy demand reduction and be considered as innovative technology with multiple values, currently available sustainability assessment tools would not allow the adequate evaluation of smart materials in buildings. Therefore, this research reviews the possibility to evaluate smart materials in major sustainability assessment tools – BREEAM, LEED, and CASBEE and proposes the assessment criteria to embrace a smart material application in architecture as an opportunistic smart approach toward sustainability of buildings.
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Naranjo, Alejandra, Andrés Colonia, Jaime Mesa, Heriberto Maury, and Aníbal Maury-Ramírez. "State-of-the-Art Green Roofs: Technical Performance and Certifications for Sustainable Construction." Coatings 10, no. 1 (January 13, 2020): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10010069.
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Green roof systems, a technology which was used in major ancient buildings, are currently becoming an interesting strategy to reduce the negative impact of traditional urban development caused by ground impermeabilization. Only regarding the environmental impact, the application of these biological coatings on buildings has the potential of acting as a thermal, moisture, noise, and electromagnetic barrier. At the urban scale, they might reduce the heat island effect and sewage system load, improve runoff water and air quality, and reconstruct natural landscapes including wildlife. In spite of these significant benefits, the current design and construction methods are not completely regulated by law because there is a lack of knowledge of their technical performance. Hence, this review of the current state of the art presents a proper green roof classification based on their components and vegetation layer. Similarly, a detailed description from the key factors that control the hydraulic and thermal performance of green roofs is given. Based on these factors, an estimation of the impact of green roof systems on sustainable construction certifications is included (i.e., LEED—Leadership in Energy and Environment Design, BREEAM—Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method, CASBEE—Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency, BEAM—Building Environmental Assessment Method, ESGB—Evaluation Standard for Green Building). Finally, conclusions and future research challenges for the correct implementation of green roofs are addressed.
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Harmati, Norbert, Željko Jakšić, and Nikolay Vatin. "Heat Balance Method Application in Building Energy Performance Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 725-726 (January 2015): 1572–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.725-726.1572.
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Simulation-based building performance allows detailed assessment of energy consumption in buildings. This paper presents an energy simulation via HB method of an office building model and outlines the significance and influence of design, construction and HVAC system on the energy consumption. The research was conducted through HB dynamic simulation method which allows flexibility of the thermal model and variability of elements and HVAC system properties, resulting in an energy simulation to outline the major criteria in qualitative enhancement. The findings indicate the influence of each factor on the total energy consumption regarding to the comfort maintenance of users.
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Swensen, Daniel J., and Sashi K. Kunnath. "Consequences of Modeling Choices in Seismic Performance Assessment of Buildings." Earthquake Spectra 34, no. 2 (May 2018): 423–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/030217eqs044ep.
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Performance-based approaches utilizing nonlinear analyses have become increasingly popular for seismic evaluation of buildings. Nonlinear simulations of building response require various assumptions and modeling decisions—from choice of software to model parameters—which opens the door to differences in demand assessments from what essentially could be very similar computational models. This study examines nonlinear response sensitivity of three steel moment frame structures to variations in basic nonlinear modeling parameters using three different software platforms: OpenSees, Perform-3D, and SAP2000. The building models were analyzed in the inelastic range using a suite of near-fault and far-fault ground motions, and response sensitivity was assessed using interstory drift and plastic rotation demands. Findings from the study indicate that sensitivity to modeling assumptions and choice of software are more pronounced at the local/element level than at the global/system level and can have an impact in performance-based seismic assessment.
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Walker, Linus, Alexandra Kuhn, Illias Hischier, and Arno Schlueter. "Comparing Metrics for Scenario-based Robustness Assessment of Building Performance." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2042, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2042/1/012150.
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Abstract To decrease greenhouse gas emissions of the Swiss building stock, effective retrofit strategies are necessary. Due to the long-term operation of buildings, future developments and uncertainties need to be considered, which calls for assessing the robustness of retrofit decisions. Existing studies propose robustness metrics for decisions under deep uncertainty to be coupled with a scenario-based simulation approach. We review these metrics and present a simulation approach that includes current and future operational energy, emissions, and costs. We apply the seven identified metrics to retrofit decisions of a multifamily house located in Zurich, where future scenarios in terms of climate, occupancy, decarbonization, and cost development are included. The metrics are based on different assumptions and positions towards risk. We further find that the discriminatory power is different, confirming the Minimax Regret metric to be most suitable for the building context when looking at individual buildings. For the case study, we find that deep retrofit seems to be a robust decision from an environmental perspective. From a cost perspective, the electrification of the heating system with heat pumps and the installation of PV without a complete envelope retrofit proves to be most robust.
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Ghosh, S. K., and Ned M. Cleland. "Performance of Precast Concrete Building Structures." Earthquake Spectra 28, no. 1_suppl1 (June 2012): 349–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.4000026.
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The Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute (PCI) sent an assessment team to Chile, which visited the areas affected by the 27 February 2010 earthquake between 26 and 30 April 2010. This paper reports on the team's observations on the performance of precast/prestressed concrete structures. The precast concrete building systems observed by the PCI team generally performed well. In some cases, the lateral force-resisting system performed satisfactorily, but the absence or weakness of diaphragm framing resulted in local failures. Overall, the PCI team found a mature and sophisticated precast concrete industry that has successfully considered and solved issues of earthquake resistance without some of the constraints imposed on U.S. practice by restrictive building code provisions.
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Xu, Jiejing, and Kai Liu. "A Study on the Suitability of the Assessment Standard for Healthy Building to Kindergartens: Take Assessment Standard for Healthy Building (T/ASC 02--2021) as an Example." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 18 (November 13, 2022): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v18i.2523.
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As a special building, the kindergarten has limitations to use the assessment standard for the healthy building (T/ASC 02—2021) to evaluate. Firstly, the standard assessment index system lacks environmental construction technology for children's needs. Secondly, some assessment indexes do not match the building characteristics of kindergartens. The accuracy of the kindergarten assessment results will be affected by the assessment index system. Therefore, it is necessary to break through the limitations of kindergarten health performance assessment and build a health performance assessment index system for kindergartens. The assessment index system of healthy kindergarten should meet the health performance characteristics of the kindergarten, and its health performance assessment focuses on the activity space quality of the kindergarten.
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Santos, Brena, André Soares, Tuan-Anh Nguyen, Dug-Ki Min, Jae-Woo Lee, and Francisco-Airton Silva. "IoT Sensor Networks in Smart Buildings: A Performance Assessment Using Queuing Models." Sensors 21, no. 16 (August 23, 2021): 5660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165660.
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Smart buildings in big cities are now equipped with an internet of things (IoT) infrastructure to constantly monitor different aspects of people’s daily lives via IoT devices and sensor networks. The malfunction and low quality of service (QoS) of such devices and networks can severely cause property damage and perhaps loss of life. Therefore, it is important to quantify different metrics related to the operational performance of the systems that make up such computational architecture even in advance of the building construction. Previous studies used analytical models considering different aspects to assess the performance of building monitoring systems. However, some critical points are still missing in the literature, such as (i) analyzing the capacity of computational resources adequate to the data demand, (ii) representing the number of cores per machine, and (iii) the clustering of sensors by location. This work proposes a queuing network based message exchange architecture to evaluate the performance of an intelligent building infrastructure associated with multiple processing layers: edge and fog. We consider an architecture of a building that has several floors and several rooms in each of them, where all rooms are equipped with sensors and an edge device. A comprehensive sensitivity analysis of the model was performed using the Design of Experiments (DoE) method to identify bottlenecks in the proposal. A series of case studies were conducted based on the DoE results. The DoE results allowed us to conclude, for example, that the number of cores can have more impact on the response time than the number of nodes. Simulations of scenarios defined through DoE allow observing the behavior of the following metrics: average response time, resource utilization rate, flow rate, discard rate, and the number of messages in the system. Three scenarios were explored: (i) scenario A (varying the number of cores), (ii) scenario B (varying the number of fog nodes), and (iii) scenario C (varying the nodes and cores simultaneously). Depending on the number of resources (nodes or cores), the system can become so overloaded that no new requests are supported. The queuing network based message exchange architecture and the analyses carried out can help system designers optimize their computational architectures before building construction.
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Harmathy, Norbert. "Simulation Aided HVAC System Performance Assessment During Design Phase of an Office Building Complex." Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction 7, no. 4 (November 25, 2018): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jcec.2018.7.4.163.
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The investigation presents a strategic approach during the design process using advanced energy performance simulation technology. Team coordination and building performance efficiency during the design process is aided by conducting a performance based assessment with comprehensive fully incorporated design, construction, energy, HVAC and annual building operation. The simulation methodology aids the performance based decision making which demonstrated through an office building complex. The engineering decisions were based on performance enhancement and overall energy demand reduction, which was evaluated on an annual basis. The building envelope’s dominant curtain wall system was analyzed in detail in order to demonstrate qualitative energy performance improvement. VAV and DOAS HVAC systems’ annual energy performance was estimated and evaluated from the aspect of end-use energy.
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Rieser, Alexander, Rainer Pfluger, Alexandra Troi, Daniel Herrera-Avellanosa, Kirsten Engelund Thomsen, Jørgen Rose, Zeynep Durmuş Arsan, et al. "Integration of Energy-Efficient Ventilation Systems in Historic Buildings—Review and Proposal of a Systematic Intervention Approach." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 20, 2021): 2325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042325.
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Historic building restoration and renovation requires sensitivity to the cultural heritage, historic value, and sustainability (i.e., building physics, energy efficiency, and comfort) goals of the project. Energy-efficient ventilation such as demand-controlled ventilation and heat recovery ventilation can contribute to the aforementioned goals, if ventilation concepts and airflow distribution are planned and realized in a minimally invasive way. Compared to new buildings, the building physics of historic buildings are more complicated in terms of hygrothermal performance. In particular, if internal insulation is applied, dehumidification is needed for robust and risk-free future use, while maintaining the building’s cultural value. As each ventilation system has to be chosen and adapted individually to the specific building, the selection of the appropriate system type is not an easy task. For this reason, there is a need for a scientifically valid, systematic approach to pair appropriate ventilation system and airflow distribution solutions with historical buildings. This paper provides an overview of the interrelationships between heritage conservation and the need for ventilation in energy-efficient buildings, regarding building physics and indoor environmental quality. Furthermore, a systematic approach based on assessment criteria in terms of heritage significance of the building, building physics (hygrothermal performance), and building services (energy efficiency, indoor air quality, and comfort rating) according to the standard EN 16883:2017 are applied.
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Narindro, Laser, Ni Wayan Deriani, Azhar Rizki Zulma, and Arfa Maulana. "System Requirements Of Authentic Assessment Information Systems Model Applications." Conference Series 4 (January 26, 2022): 97–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.34306/conferenceseries.v4i1.706.
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Human needs to meet their needs cannot be separated from the role of information technology (IT) to provide data and information needs. In the education sector, the need for application of IT is carried out as an effort to support learning activities. One of application for education is a learning management system. Through this research, it will explain the system requirements for an authentic assessment information system based on web application. When conducting an authentic assessment, the teacher will assess the aspects of attitudes, knowledge and skills of student for vocational high school levels. The assessment tools for authentic assessments can be through by performance, writing, projects and portfolios assessments. The software development method used is the waterfall method, where for the needs analysis stage have used user requirement analysis and PIECES table. Meanwhile, for the design stage, we will use design tools by unified modeling language (UML). From the analysis and design of an authentic assessment information system based on web application, it is hoped that it can be one of the recommendations in building a learning management system media that is made in accordance with the assessment guidelines in the 2013 Curriculum.
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Jones, Phillip, Xiaojun Li, Ester Coma Bassas, Emmanouil Perisoglou, and Jo Patterson. "Energy-Positive House: Performance Assessment through Simulation and Measurement." Energies 13, no. 18 (September 9, 2020): 4705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184705.
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This paper presents the results for the operating energy performance of the smart operation for a low carbon energy region (SOLCER) house. The house design is based on a ‘systems’ approach, which integrates the building technologies for electrical and thermal energy systems, together with the architectural design. It is based on the concept of ‘energy positive’ buildings, utilising renewable energy systems which form part of the building envelope construction. The paper describes how the building energy model HTB2, with a range of additional ‘plugins’, has been used to simulate specific elements of the design and the overall energy performance of the house. Measurement data have been used in combination with the energy simulation results to evaluate the performance of the building together with its systems, and identifying the energy performance of individual components of the building. The study has indicated that an energy-positive performance can be achieved through an integrative systems approach. The analysis has indicated that the house, under normal occupancy, needs to import about 26% of its energy from the grid, but over the year its potential export to import ratio can reach 1.3:1. The paper discusses the performance gap between design and operation. It also considers the contribution of a transpired solar air collector (TSC) to space heating. The results have been used to gain a detailed understanding of energy-positive performance.
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Akbarova, Samira, and . "Trends of Energy Performance Certification of Buildings in Azerbaijan." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.2 (June 20, 2018): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.2.14590.
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Energy consumption by construction sector is estimated by multi- disciplinary energy auditing and results are represented in an energy performance building certificate. The building certification, which is a world trend today, is applied successfully for many buildings inAzerbaijantoo. The purpose of this paper to study the current methodology of energy building certification in terms of the technological aspects of energy auditing. Many documents of the European Union directives and Russian building codes and regulations in the field of ecology and energy saving in construction sector have been revised for implementing them as base for national energy performance certification system AZERI GREEN ZOOM. The assessment categories and main requirements have been considered. The results of this overview have shown the trends and problems in this field. There are given examples of certified buildings.
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Tamošaitienė, Jolanta, and Ernestas Gaudutis. "COMPLEX ASSESSMENT OF STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS USED FOR HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 19, no. 2 (April 18, 2013): 305–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2013.772071.
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Today, increasingly more attention is given to reduction of the negative impacts of human activities on the surrounding environment during different stages of a building life cycle, which should be estimated during the design stage of the building. Selection of a structural system for a high-rise building remains a complex task that requires estimating a large amount of data such as structural system parameters, architectural solutions, engineering system requirements and construction process peculiarities. Decision-making problems in civil engineering often involve a complex decision-making process, in which multiple requirements and conditions have to be taken into consideration simultaneously. It means that such problems deal with sets of multiple criteria. The accuracy of performance measures in COPRAS (COmplex PRoportional ASsessment) method assumes direct and proportional dependence of the significance and utility degree of investigated alternatives on a system of criteria adequately describing the alternatives as well as on values and weights of the criteria. The research has concluded that the COPRAS-G method is appropriate for assessment of structural systems of high-rise buildings.
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Atsonios, Ioannis, Ioannis Mandilaras, and Maria Founti. "Thermal Assessment of a Novel Drywall System Insulated with VIPs." Energies 12, no. 12 (June 20, 2019): 2373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12122373.
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Advanced building envelopes targeting high energy performance should combine high thermal performance with easy and fast installation. The combination of lightweight steel-framed building systems with vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) form an attractive solution toward this requirement. In the present study, a lightweight metal frame drywall building insulated with VIPs is constructed and experimentally/theoretically investigated, focusing on the impact of every type of thermal bridges on the thermal performance of the envelope and its upgrade due to the presence of the VIPs at the walls. Temperature measurements obtained at several locations of the envelope, over a period of one year, are presented and analyzed. The results are in agreement with the theoretical values and demonstrate that the VIPs can reduce the thermal transmittance of the central part of the wall by ca. 50%, limiting the impact of metal studs. The paper discusses the impact of dimensional inaccuracies and damaged panels on the thermal performance of the envelope. It is shown that VIP decreases the impact of thermal bridges and reduces the risk of condensation inside the walls.
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Leite, Francisco Morato, Renan Alves Volse, Humberto Ramos Roman, and Fernanda Aranha Saffaro. "Building condition assessment: adjustments of the Building Performance Indicator (BPI) for university buildings in Brazil." Ambiente Construído 20, no. 1 (March 2020): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-86212020000100370.
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Abstract The Building Performance Indicator (BPI), not fully applied in Brazil, expresses objectively the overall condition of a building based on the performance assessment of the building systems that comprise it. Although BPI was originally developed for hospital facilities, it can be used in different types of buildings since its methodology is generic. The objective of the study is to adjust the BPI to allow its application in the maintenance management of Brazilian university buildings. The stages of the research consist of (1) adjusting the factors and criteria that comprise the BPI; (2) implementing the adapted BPI; and (3) verifying its utility and ease of use. The adjustment and implementation included a building for classrooms and another that houses a teaching and research laboratory, both located at University X. The results obtained allowed the comparison of the overall condition between the inspected buildings, which establishes the intervention priority helping to adopt the most adequate maintenance strategy.
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Carbonari, Alessandro, Giuseppe Martino Di Giuda, Luigi Ridolfi, Valentina Villa, and Alessandra Corneli. "A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR MULTI-CRITERIA ASSESSMENT OF LARGE BUILDING STOCKS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 25, no. 5 (May 24, 2019): 477–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2019.9872.
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Both public administrations and private owners of large building stocks need to work out plans for the management of their property, while having to deal with yearly budget limitations. Particularly for the former, this is a rather critical challenge, since public administrations are given the responsibility of sticking to very strict budget distributions over the years. As a consequence, when planning the actions to be taken on their building stocks in order to comply with their current use and the legislation in-force, they need to classify refurbishment priorities. The aim of this paper is to develop a first tool based on Bayesian Networks that offers an effective decision support service for owners even in case some information is incomplete. This tool can be used to evaluate the compliance of existing buildings with the latest standards. The decision support platform proposed includes a multi-criteria evaluation approach combining several performance indicators, each of which related to a specific regulatory area. This tool can be applied to existing buildings, where the building with the lowest score shows the highest priority of intervention. Also, the platform performs an assessment of expected costs for required refurbishment or renovation actions.
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Sakuma and Nishi. "Estimation of Building Thermal Performance Using Simple Sensors and Air Conditioners." Energies 12, no. 15 (July 31, 2019): 2950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12152950.
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Energy and environmental problems have attracted attention worldwide. Energy consumption in residential sectors accounts for a large percentage of total consumption. Several retrofit schemes, which insulate building envelopes to increase energy efficiency, have been adapted to address residential energy problems. However, these schemes often fail to balance the installment cost with savings from the retrofits. To maximize the benefit, selecting houses with low thermal performance by a cost-effective method is inevitable. Therefore, an accurate, low-cost, and undemanding housing assessment method is required. This paper proposes a thermal performance assessment method for residential housing. The proposed method enables assessments under the existing conditions of residential housings and only requires a simple and affordable monitoring system of power meters for an air conditioner (AC), simple sensors (three thermometers at most), a BLE beacon, and smartphone application. The proposed method is evaluated thoroughly by using both simulation and experimental data. Analysis of estimation errors is also conducted. Our method shows that the accuracy achieved with the proposed three-room model is 9.8% (relative error) for the simulation data. Assessments on the experimental data also show that our proposed method achieved Ua value estimations using a low-cost system, satisfying the requirements of housing assessments for retrofits.
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S. Qattan, Wajdy, and Abdelhadi F. Al-Dousari. "Global building environmental performance assessment systems and theirrole in environmental conservation: Developing an environmental performance assessment system for the Saudi environment." International Journal of Architectural Engineering and Urban Research 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 138–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ijaeur.2021.216276.
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Farrokh Ghatte, Hamid. "Facade Damage Assessment of the Buildings in Bam, Iran 2003 and Kermanshah, Iran 2017 Earthquakes." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1208, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1208/1/012042.
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Abstract One of the essential factors in buildings frontage is the continuity of the structural and building envelope parts. In this investigation, a comparison was made between Bam and Kermanshah earthquakes. A strong earthquake (magnitude 6.6) struck the city of Bam in southeast Iran on 26 December 2003, and similarly, another strong earthquake struck the city of Kermanshah (magnitude 7.3) in Iran on 12 November 2017. Damage in the facades of the buildings was a clear contributor to the overall building damage. This paper presents the damage assessment of the different facade systems from multi-story buildings in Bam and Kermanshah, Iran. The survey covers the buildings greater than three stories in height, excluding most unreinforced masonry facades. As far as a building can have more than one facade system, any facade systems are evaluated individually. Observation of facade damage is discussed and is presented in terms of its performance level.
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Basińska, Małgorzata, Halina Koczyk, and Aleksandra Błotnicka-Smyk. "Assessment of thermo-modernization in a multifamily building." E3S Web of Conferences 49 (2018): 00004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184900004.
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This paper presents an evaluation of thermo-modernisation improvements applied over the years in the multi-family residential building. Those improvements have included the civil and mechanical activities. The civil activities were as follows: the application of the thermal insulation on the external walls and replacement of the windows. The mechanical activities were mainly focused on an adjustment of the heating system to the new reduced heating demands of the building. The heating system in the building was modified - the radiators were replaced with the new ones, the heating central unit was modernised. Moreover the local gas water heaters were eliminated. Then the building’s energy performance characteristics, prepared according to the valid Polish methodology, were compared with the real consumption. It was found that after the application of thermo-modifications the heating demand was reduced, twice. The economy efficiency of the thermo-modernisation was evaluated by means of a method of the annual costs. The annual costs include the heating system exploitation costs, DHW preparation system and the auxiliary devices electricity costs.
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Brumana, Giovanni, Giuseppe Franchini, and Elisa Ghirardi. "Performance Assessment of Solar Cooling Systems with Energy Storage." E3S Web of Conferences 312 (2021): 08014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131208014.
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The paper presents a complete solar cooling comparison. A detailed model of a tertiary sector building has been evaluated in three locations (Riyadh, Abu Dhabi, and Palermo) and coupled with four solar cooling systems: two solar thermal cooling systems (Li-Br absorption chiller and adsorption chiller), a solar Desiccant Evaporative Cooling system and a solar electric cooling (Photovoltaic coupled with Compression chiller). A multi-variable optimization procedure selects the optimal size of each component. The results show that the solar cooling system based on absorption chiller satisfied the cooling demand regardless of the site location whilst the performance of the Desiccant Evaporative Cooling system is dramatically affected by ambient conditions. The electric solar cooling option shows the best overall efficiency and appears a costeffective solution despite the high cost of the storage system.
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Do, Huyen, and Kristen S. Cetin. "Data-Driven Evaluation of Residential HVAC System Efficiency Using Energy and Environmental Data." Energies 12, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12010188.
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In the U.S., the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system is generally the largest electricity-consuming end-use in a residential building. However, homeowners are less likely to have their HVAC system serviced regularly, thus inefficiencies in operation are also more likely to occur. To address this challenge, this research works towards a non-intrusive data-driven assessment method using building assessors’ data, HVAC electricity demand data, and outdoor environmental data. Building assessors’ data is first used to estimate the HVAC system size, then estimate the electricity demand curve of the HVAC system. A comparison of the proposed electricity demand curve development method demonstrates strong agreement with physics-based HVAC model results. An HVAC efficiency rating is then proposed, which compares the model-predicted and actual performance data to define whether an HVAC system is operating as expected. As a case study, detailed data for 39 occupied, conditioned residential buildings in Austin, Texas, was used demonstrating the identification of the presence of potential HVAC inefficiencies. The results prove beneficial for utilities to help target residential HVAC systems in need of service or energy efficiency upgrades, as well as for homeowners as a continuous assessment tool for HVAC performance.
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Zhao, Yuanhong, and Qingping Yang. "A Post-occupancy Evaluation of Occupant Satisfaction in Green and Conventional Higher Educational Buildings." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 973, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/973/1/012010.
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Abstract Post-occupancy evaluation (POE) is a method for measuring building performance in terms of meeting design intent, and identifying any gaps between actual and modelled performances in the of aspects indoor environmental quality (IEQ), occupant satisfaction, energy consumption, etc. In this paper, a structured POE assessment was conducted using the Building Use Survey (BUS) methodology in two higher educational buildings in the United Kingdom. This study aims to help close the building performance gap, optimize building operation systems, and improve occupants’ satisfaction levels. In this research, the questionnaire survey investigated the influences of environmental factors on user satisfaction from the main aspects of building overall design, thermal comfort, perceived control, indoor environment quality for noise, lighting, ventilation, and other non-environmental factors, such as the background information about age, gender, time in buildings, workgroup size, and so on. The results indicate that the occupant satisfaction with the main aspects of building overall design, indoor environment quality, and thermal comfort in summer and winter in both buildings is lower than the benchmark data. The feedback of this POE assessment has been reported to the building management team to allow managers to develop high-performance building operation guidelines to narrow down the performance gap and improve user satisfaction, comfort, and productivity.
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Al-Jebouri, Muhannad F. A., Mohamed S. Saleh, Sudharshan N. Raman, Riza Atiq Abdullah Bin O. K. Rahmat, and Awni K. Shaaban. "Toward a national sustainable building assessment system in Oman: Assessment categories and their performance indicators." Sustainable Cities and Society 31 (May 2017): 122–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.02.014.
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Kull, Tuule Mall, Alo Mikola, Andres Tukia, Ahmet Köse, Eduard Petlenkov, and Martin Thalfeldt. "Continuous automated ventilation heat recovery efficiency performance assessment using building monitoring system." E3S Web of Conferences 246 (2021): 10006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124610006.
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The performance of ventilation heat recovery has high impact to the total energy consumption of modern buildings and its sub-optimal performance results in a remarkable energy penalty. There are several issues, which can significantly affect the heat recovery efficiency such as the inaccuracy of sensors, errors in control systems, mechanical defects and incorrect setting of the system. In addition, the direct comparison of the designed and measured heat recovery efficiency is not necessarily meaningful due to varying boundary conditions e.g. mass flow rates. The main focus of this paper is to develop and demonstrate a simple automated method for monitoring the heat recovery efficiency of ventilation units using building monitoring system (BMS). As the supply and extract air mass flows and temperatures may differ from the calculated initial design parameters, the proposed solution is to analyse the heat recovery efficiency using the number of transfer unit (NTU) method. With this method the efficiency is always calculated by the limiting mass flow, meaning that the warm exhaust air can not transfer more energy to the cold supply air than it is able to contain. As a result, the NTU method gives us the possibility to continuously compare the result to the temperature efficiency declared by the producer of the unit. The developed method demonstrated that the application of NTU method enables identifying sub-optimal performance of ventilation heat recovery, which would not have been revealed by direct comparison of temperature efficiencies. In some cases, low measured temperature efficiency was associated with problems not connected to the heat recovery heat exchanger. The method also enabled to estimate the additional heating costs due to the decreased heat recovery efficiency.