Journal articles on the topic 'Building materials – Acoustic properties'
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Fiala, Lukáš, Petr Konrád, and Robert Černý. "Methods for determination of acoustic properties of building materials." MATEC Web of Conferences 282 (2019): 02061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928202061.
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Experimental determination of acoustic properties of building materials is an important task gaining higher importance due to demand for materials suitable for constructions located in places with high level of noise, typically in urban areas and places close to the areas with heavy traffic. In this paper, two types of experimental setups are arranged, and tested on steel prism and brick block. Transmitter-receiver method is based on exciting the tested material by one period of harmonic signal and analysis of response on two accelerometers placed on the excited and the opposite side of the sample. The second method is based on measurement of the sound pressure level in a system of two reverberation chambers by precise microphones and vibration analyzer. Transmitter-receiver measurement conducted on steel sample revealed the fact that further adjustment of the measurement setup and successive analysis is necessary. Measurement in reverberation chambers is convenient for comparison of acoustic insulation ability of heterogeneous building materials.
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D., FOJTU, and LAPCIK Jr. "ACOUSTIC AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF POLYMERIC AND BUILDING MATERIALS." International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering 13, no. 13 (May 1, 2008): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39738.
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Fernea, Raluca, Daniela Lucia Manea, Luminita Plesa, Răzvan Iernuțan, and Mihaela Dumitran. "Acoustic and thermal properties of hemp-cement building materials." Procedia Manufacturing 32 (2019): 208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.02.204.
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Bouzit and Taha. "Elaboration and Characterization of Composite Materials Based on Plaster-Gypsum and Mineral Additives for Energy Efficiency in Buildings." Proceedings 34, no. 1 (November 18, 2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019034022.
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The building sector is one of the largest energy consumers in the world, prompting scientific researchers to find solutions to the problem. The choice of appropriate building materials presents a considerable challenge for improving the thermal comfort of buildings. In this scenario, plaster-based insulating materials have more and more interests and new applications, such as insulating coatings developing the building envelope. Several works are being done to improve energy efficiency in the building sector through the study of building materials with insulation quality and energy savings. In this work, new composite materials, plaster-gypsum with mineral additives are produced and evaluated experimentally to obtain low-cost materials with improved thermo-physical and acoustic properties. The resulting composites are intended for use in building walls. Plaster-gypsum is presented as a high-performance thermal material, and mineral additives are of great importance because of their nature and are environmentally friendly. Measurements of thermal properties are carried and measurements of acoustic properties. The results show that it is possible to improve the thermal and acoustic performance of building material by using plaster as a base material and by incorporating thermal insulators. The thermal conductivity of plaster alone is greater than that of plaster with mineral additives, offer interesting thermal and acoustic performance. By varying the additives, the thermal conductivity changes. Finally, comparing the results, plaster with mineral additives is considered the best building material in this study
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RBW Heng. "Acoustic absorption properties of materials." Construction and Building Materials 2, no. 2 (July 1988): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0950-0618(88)90020-7.
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Zdražilová, Naďa, Iveta Skotnicova, Denisa Donová, and Jiří Winkler. "Comparison of Acoustic Properties of the Peripheral Walls of Energy Efficient Buildings - Natural and Artificial Materials." Advanced Materials Research 1041 (October 2014): 436–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1041.436.
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Natural eco-friendly materials are widely discussed topic nowadays, especially in the context of the implementation of European legislation into national legislation and with the increasing demands on the energy efficiency of buildings. The majority of builders still prefer the classical artificial materials. One of the reasons is the lack of technical information, particularly in the field of building acoustics and fire safety, which would be demonstrated by appropriate research. The aim of this study is to compare the acoustic properties of selected structures based on natural materials which are based on research results and a series of measurements with conventional materials to demonstrate their competitiveness.
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Duran, Sebastian, Martyn Chambers, and Ioannis Kanellopoulos. "An Archaeoacoustics Analysis of Cistercian Architecture: The Case of the Beaulieu Abbey." Acoustics 3, no. 2 (March 26, 2021): 252–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/acoustics3020018.
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The Cistercian order is of acoustic interest because previous research has hypothesized that Cistercian architectural structures were designed for longer reverberation times in order to reinforce Gregorian chants. The presented study focused on an archaeoacacoustics analysis of the Cistercian Beaulieu Abbey (Hampshire, England, UK), using Geometrical Acoustics (GA) to recreate and investigate the acoustical properties of the original structure. To construct an acoustic model of the Abbey, the building’s dimensions and layout were retrieved from published archaeology research and comparison with equivalent structures. Absorption and scattering coefficients were assigned to emulate the original room surface materials’ acoustics properties. CATT-Acoustics was then used to perform the acoustics analysis of the simplified building structure. Shorter reverberation time (RTs) was generally observed at higher frequencies for all the simulated scenarios. Low speech intelligibility index (STI) and speech clarity (C50) values were observed across Abbey’s nave section. Despite limitations given by the impossibility to calibrate the model according to in situ measurements conducted in the original structure, the simulated acoustics performance suggested how the Abbey could have been designed to promote sacral music and chants, rather than preserve high speech intelligibility.
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Fediuk, Roman, Mugahed Amran, Nikolai Vatin, Yuriy Vasilev, Valery Lesovik, and Togay Ozbakkaloglu. "Acoustic Properties of Innovative Concretes: A Review." Materials 14, no. 2 (January 14, 2021): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020398.
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Concrete is the most common building material; therefore, when designing structures, it is obligatory to consider all structural parameters and design characteristics such as acoustic properties. In particular, this is to ensure comfortable living conditions for people in residential premises, including acoustic comfort. Different types of concrete behave differently as a sound conductor; especially dense mixtures are superior sound reflectors, and light ones are sound absorbers. It is found that the level of sound reflection in modified concrete is highly dependent on the type of aggregates, size and distribution of pores, and changes in concrete mix design constituents. The sound absorption of acoustic insulation concrete (AIC) can be improved by forming open pores in concrete matrices by either using a porous aggregate or foam agent. To this end, this article reviews the noise and sound transmission in buildings, types of acoustic insulating materials, and the AIC properties. This literature study also provides a critical review on the type of concretes, the acoustic insulation of buildings and their components, the assessment of sound insulation of structures, as well as synopsizes the research development trends to generate comprehensive insights into the potential applications of AIC as applicable material to mitigate noise pollution for increase productivity, health, and well-being.
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Müller, Theresa, David Borschewski, Stefan Albrecht, Philip Leistner, and Moritz Späh. "The Dilemma of Balancing Design for Impact Sound with Environmental Performance in Wood Ceiling Systems—A Building Physics Perspective." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 4, 2021): 8715. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13168715.
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Due to the high consumption of resources and energy in the construction sector, the development of resource-efficient and sustainable construction solutions is gaining increasing attention. The awareness of sustainability and resource conservation results in the interest of using natural and renewable materials in contemporary architecture. Timber construction methods offer both constructive and ecological potential for sustainable solutions. From a building physics perspective, the acoustic performance of lightweight buildings, such as those made of timber, presents a challenge. Even if standard requirements are met, the increased low-frequency sound transmission typical for light-weight construction can cause discomfort and is already the subject of questions in building physics, which are currently increasingly extending to timber construction. Within the framework of a holistic approach, this paper compares the problem of acoustic properties, design optimizations and the ecological properties of timber-frame and solid timber construction components. The comparison with heavy materials, such as concrete, shows the relation of acoustic optimization with the change of the environmental profile. In order to establish the interaction between acoustic quality of wooden ceiling constructions and their ecological characteristics, this article aims to demonstrate the potential of materials used in the building sector under ecological aspects considering a life cycle analysis.
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Begum, Hasina, and Kirill V. Horoshenkov. "Acoustical Properties of Fiberglass Blankets Impregnated with Silica Aerogel." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 4593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104593.
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It is known that aerogel impregnated fibrous blankets offer high acoustic absorption and thermal insulation performance. These materials are becoming very popular in various industrial and building applications. Although the reasons for the high thermal insulation performance of these materials are well understood, it is still largely unclear what controls their acoustic performance. Additionally, only a small number of publications to date report on the acoustical properties of fibrous blankets impregnated with powder aerogels. There is a lack of studies that attempt to explain the measured absorption properties with a valid mathematical model. This paper contributes to this knowledge gap through a simulation that predicts the measured complex acoustic reflection coefficient of aerogel blankets with different filling ratios. It is shown that the acoustic performance of a fibrous blanket impregnated with aerogel is generally controlled by the effective pore size and porosity of the composite structure. It is shown that there is a need for refinement of a classical Biot-type model to take into account the sorption and pressure diffusion effects, which become important with the increased filling ratio.
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Teslík, Jiří, Naďa Zdražilová, and Martina Vodičková. "Airtightness and Acoustic Properties of Family House from Straw." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 1215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.1215.
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With regard to the current European trends in civil engineering and sustainability are still explored new building materials. In this case it is ideal to use natural materials such as straw. Its use as a building material is both ecological and economical. Excellent thermal insulation properties of straw have been known for centuries but the aim of this paper and the measurements were also demonstrate air-tightness and acoustic properties of a straw houses in the Czech Republic.
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Rubino, Chiara, Marilés Bonet Aracil, Jaime Gisbert-Payá, Stefania Liuzzi, Pietro Stefanizzi, Manuel Zamorano Cantó, and Francesco Martellotta. "Composite Eco-Friendly Sound Absorbing Materials Made of Recycled Textile Waste and Biopolymers." Materials 12, no. 23 (December 3, 2019): 4020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12234020.
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In recent years, the interest in reusing recycled fibers as building materials has been growing as a consequence of their ability to reduce the production of waste and the use of virgin resources, taking advantage of the potential that fibrous materials may offer to improve thermal and acoustic comfort. Composite panels, made of 100% wool waste fibers and bound by means of either a chitosan solution and a gum Arabic solution, were tested and characterized in terms of acoustic and non-acoustic properties. Samples with a 5 cm thickness and different density values were made to investigate the influence of flow resistivity on the final performance. Experimental results demonstrated that the samples had thermal conductivity ranging between 0.049 and 0.060 W/(m K), well comparable to conventional building materials. Similarly, acoustic results were very promising, showing absorption coefficients that, for the given thickness, were generally higher than 0.5 from 500 Hz on, and higher than 0.9 from 1 kHz on. Finally, the effects of the non-acoustic properties and of the air gap behind the samples on the acoustic behavior were also analyzed, proving that the agreement with absorption values predicted by empirical models was also very good.
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Fernea, Raluca, Daniela Lucia Manea, Daniela Roxana Tămaș-Gavrea, and Ioan Călin Roșca. "Hemp-clay building materials - An investigation on acoustic, thermal and mechanical properties." Procedia Manufacturing 32 (2019): 216–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.02.205.
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Reif, Martina, Jiri Zach, and Vítězslav Novák. "Possibilities of Binding Recycled Glass in Production of Advanced Building Materials." Materials Science Forum 865 (August 2016): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.865.255.
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The use of secondary raw material resources for construction purposes currently has a great potential. Secondary raw materials obtained by recycling waste glass find use (among others) in the production of thermal and acoustic insulation, production of lightweight concrete mixes and also in transportation engineering e.g. in road reconstruction.The paper deals with the possibilities of binding lightweight aggregate based on waste glass powder and with the production of advanced composite materials with good thermal insulation and acoustic properties. This means cement, epoxy resin and bituminous matrix with the goal to develop advanced building materials that could find further use as, for example, thermal insulation materials.
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Santoni, Andrea, Patrizio Fausti, and Paolo Bonfiglio. "Building materials: Influence of physical, mechanical and acoustic properties in sound prediction models." Building Acoustics 26, no. 1 (September 17, 2018): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1351010x18795403.
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Several models to compute the sound reduction index of a building partition, based on different approaches, can be found in the literature. Building construction involves a great variety of materials, and regardless of the chosen sound transmission simulation prediction approach, their elastic and physical properties, which are necessary as input data, have a strong influence on the accuracy of the predicted results. In this article, the influence of such properties is investigated, by means of a prediction model based on the method proposed by the recently updated standard EN ISO 12354. Moreover, the reliability of different prediction models and the consistency of their results have been tested, by simulating several building partitions made of various materials, both homogeneous and non-homogeneous.
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Amran, Mugahed, Roman Fediuk, Gunasekaran Murali, Nikolai Vatin, and Amin Al-Fakih. "Sound-Absorbing Acoustic Concretes: A Review." Sustainability 13, no. 19 (September 27, 2021): 10712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131910712.
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Noise is continuously treated as an annoyance to humans and indeed commotion contamination shows up within the environment, causing inconvenience. This is likewise interesting to the engineering tactic that inclines to develop this noise proliferation. The basics of the sound-retaining proliferation, sound-absorbing properties, and its variables were rarely considered by previous researchers. Thus, the acoustic performance and sound insulation of constructions have gained significance over the last five decades due to the trend for accommodating inner-city flat and multi-story residential building condominiums. Due to this dilemma, the proliferation of high-driven entertaining schemes has engaged extraordinary demands on building for its acoustic performance. Yet, construction industries worldwide have started to mainly use sound-absorbing concrete to reduce the frequency of sounds in opened-and-closed areas and increase sound insulation. As reported, the concrete acoustic properties generally rely on its density, exhibiting that the lighter ones, such as cellular concrete, will absorb more sound than high-density concretes. However, this paper has an objective to afford a wide-ranging review of sound-absorbing acoustic concretes, including the measurement techniques and insulation characteristics of building materials and the sound absorption properties of construction materials. It is also intended to extensively review to provide insights into the possible use of a typical sound-absorbing acoustic concrete in today’s building industry to enhance housing occupants’ efficiency, comfort, well-being, and safety.
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Bouzit, Said, Said Laasri, Mohamed Taha, Abdelaziz Laghzizil, Abdelowahed Hajjaji, Francesca Merli, and Cinzia Buratti. "Characterization of Natural Gypsum Materials and Their Composites for Building Applications." Applied Sciences 9, no. 12 (June 14, 2019): 2443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9122443.
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Building retrofitting plays a key-role in energy saving and a growing interest is focused on insulating materials that allow a reduction in heat loss from envelopes with low thickness, by a process of reducing heating and cooling demand. In this context, a complete characterization of the physical properties of Moroccan natural gypsum materials was carried out. Basic information on the mineralogical, microstructure, thermal, mechanical, and acoustic characteristics of the rocks sampled from two Moroccan regions is provided. It was found that mineralogy, porosity, and water content are the main factors governing the development of the structure and the strength of the samples. The measured values of the porosity were 8.94%, the water content varied between 2.5–3.0% for the two studied typologies, coming from Agadir and Safi, respectively. Gypsum powder was used for fabricating samples, which were investigated in terms of thermal and acoustic performance. Thermal properties were measured by means of a hot disk apparatus and values of conductivity of 0.18 W/mK and 0.13 W/mK were obtained for Agadir and Safi Gypsum, respectively. The acoustic performance was evaluated in terms of absorption coefficient and sound insulation, measured by means of a Kundt’s Tube (ISO 10534-2). The absorption coefficients were slightly higher than the ones of conventional plasters with similar thickness. A good sound insulation performance was confirmed, especially for Safi Gypsum, with a transmission loss-value up to about 50 dB at high frequency.
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Badida, Miroslav, Marek Moravec, Miriama Pinosova, Miriam Andrejiova, Kristián Pástor, Alžbeta Nováková, and Tibor Dzuro. "Analysis and Research on the Use of Bulk Recycled Materials for Sound Insulation Applications." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (September 14, 2022): 11539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811539.
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The application of recycled materials from the automotive industry in the field of the construction industry is a suitable alternative application for these materials and the use of their acoustic and thermal insulation properties. The output of recycling is granular, or chopped materials that can be used as a substitute for conventional materials. One of the important features of building materials is their acoustic properties. The measurement and evaluation of acoustic properties is carried out using an impedance tube as equipment. Measuring compact materials is quite simple and requires the preparation of a sample. Measuring the acoustic properties of granular bulk materials is more complicated and requires the development and production of a special test cartridge. Recycled bulk materials from the automotive industry such as rubber granules and chopped textiles can be applied as fillings for dividing structures. The aim of this paper was to assess the acoustic properties of different fractions of recycled rubber granules and textile chopped material and to compare acoustic properties with compact rubber and textile panels. To evaluate and compare sound absorption coefficient (α) and sound transmission loss (R) parameters, we used basic statistical methods and hypothesis testing methods. The production of compact panels is quite expensive since it is necessary to use special synthetic binders in production, and the content of these substances can also have negative effects on the environment. Based on the results of measuring the acoustic properties of bulk recycled materials and comparing them with compact materials, we can conclude that bulk recycled rubber and textile materials have very good values for their acoustic properties, which enables them to be used in several areas of industry.
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Zach, Jiri, Martin Sedlmajer, and Jitka Hroudová. "Development of Building Elements with Thermal Insulation Filler Based on Secondary Raw Materials." Advanced Materials Research 649 (January 2013): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.649.147.
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With increasing requirements for properties of envelope design in respect of thermal protection of buildings also requirements for building material properties have been growing. In case of ceramic shaped pieces for peripheral structures the way to further improvement of its thermal insulation properties is quite difficult. Generally thickness of interior groins can be reduced and its geometrical layout changed or the ceramics blocks dimensions increased and thus width of the masonry construction. Use of insulation filler integrated in block cavities is the alternative technology of production of insulation special shapes of high insulation properties. In these cases the ceramic fragment ensures the mechanical stability of the block and integrated insulation layer in smaller or bigger part (depending on its part) the thermal properties and eventually also the acoustic and insulation ones. The paper describes application possibilities of insulation materials based upon waste textile fibres as integrated layer in current masonry ceramic blocks of high utility properties.
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Keprdová, Šárka. "Physic-Mechanical Properties of Cement Composites Consisting of Organic Raw Materials." Advanced Materials Research 1100 (April 2015): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1100.7.
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The use of rapidly renewable raw materials in the building industry is seen as very promising with regard not only to the environmental issues but also to its economic aspects. A number of producers, not only in this country, have been trying to replace fine construction materials with secondary raw materials or rapidly renewable ones. As an example, technical hemp is a very promising material due to its good mechanical and thermal insulation characteristics. One of the possibilities is its use as filling component for non-constructional filling materials. Combining binders on the basis of non-hydraulic lime with hemp chaff yields a range of new construction materials. These products offer excellent work characteristics for permanent, environmentally sustainable buildings. These products as a whole form a natural composite construction material that can be used to build insulation walls, floor and roof insulation layers, and to obtain excellent heat and acoustic characteristics of buildings.
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Trematerra, Amelia, and Ilaria Lombardi. "Green Materials for Sound Absorption." Key Engineering Materials 729 (February 2017): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.729.63.
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Green materials are becoming a valid alternative to traditional synthetic materials. The green materials can be used in different fields of the building constructions. The green materials are sustainable, infact the at the end of its useful life they can be dispersed into the environment without damaging it. So the green material can be used in improving the acoustic comfort inside environment, as well as to mitigate noise pollution. In this paper are reported the acoustic measurements of the properties of green materials. The absorption coefficient of samples of the materials, were measured in the frequency range from 200 Hz to 2,000 Hz with an impedance tube (tube of ”Kundt”); the flow resistance was also measured. Furthermore the problems about the realization of sound-absorbing panels composed of green materials, used for the acoustic correction of classroom, were discussed.
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Cascone, Stefano, Renata Rapisarda, and Dario Cascone. "Physical Properties of Straw Bales as a Construction Material: A Review." Sustainability 11, no. 12 (June 19, 2019): 3388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11123388.
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Straw bale buildings provide significant benefits in terms of costs, human health, and environmental sustainability. Several studies in different regions have underlined the remarkable properties of straw bales as insulating and construction material; however, to the authors’ knowledge, there are no reviews published on this topic. The main objective of this paper is to provide a better understanding of straw bale systems, focusing on durability and thermal and acoustic insulation properties. To this end, previous tests and studies on straw bale buildings around the world were reviewed, comparing their results, assessing where research currently stands, and identifying the aspects that need to be further investigated. Results from previous tests have highlighted their ability to achieve excellent living comfort and encouraged their use. Guidelines for the characteristics to be achieved during the baling process are now required. Combining straw bale walls with a render or any type of high-density layer can improve both the thermal and acoustic properties of straw bale constructions. Finally, a quantitative assessment of the most significant properties, such as thermal resistance and acoustic insulation, is necessary to reduce the gap between straw bales and traditional building materials.
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Habibi, Shahryar. "Improving building envelope performance with respect to thermal, sound insulation, and lighting: a case study." Building Acoustics 26, no. 4 (October 3, 2019): 243–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1351010x19877280.
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This study concerns an overall evaluation of building envelopes, for what concerns the energy, acoustic and lighting performances. It combines different topics of energy and indoor comfort, with the aim to improve the livability of an existing building (a social housing) by means of a comprehensive retrofit of their envelopes. The novel contribution of this study is to apply some methods for energy retrofit of a building envelope in such a way that objectives are achieved within the state-of-the-art combination simulation, optimization approaches, and equations describing the calculations of sound insulation in buildings. The results showed that properties of building envelope like the value of transmittance of the glass window and thermal properties of materials have an impact on indoor environmental quality and energy performance.
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González, Genaro, Albert Samper, and Blas Herrera. "ACOUSTIC SIMULATION OF THE CENTRAL HALL IN PALAU GÜELL BY GAUDÍ." Architecture and Engineering 6, no. 2 (2021): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/2500-0055-2021-6-2-18-30.
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Introduction: Quadric surfaces are commonly used in buildings due to their geometric ability to distribute and focus sound waves. The Central Hall in Palau Güell — a UNESCO World Heritage Site — is topped by an ellipsoidal dome. Antoni Gaudí envisaged this room as a concert hall where the organ and the dome play a lead role. Methods: The two previously mentioned elements are the main subject of our paper, which serves two purposes: 1) determining the values of the acoustic parameters of the hall through onsite measurement and also through simulation, and 2) using the geometric parameters of the quadric surface, which best fits the dome, in order to check whether it is possible to improve the acoustics of the hall by placing a new emission source at the focus of the dome’s ellipsoid. Results and Discussion: Contrary to the authors’ expectations, due to the focal reflection properties of the quadric surface, some acoustic parameters on the listening plane do not improve significantly. Therefore, we conclude that Gaudí took the acoustical impact into account when designing this hall.
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Caniato, Marco, Arianna Marzi, Sandra Monteiro da Silva, and Andrea Gasparella. "A review of the thermal and acoustic properties of materials for timber building construction." Journal of Building Engineering 43 (November 2021): 103066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103066.
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Smolka, Radim, and Jindřich Sobotka. "Possibilities of Use Recycled Materials in Construction Details." MATEC Web of Conferences 279 (2019): 02011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927902011.
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This paper aims to explain the use of secondary materials in design details. Primarily, attention is paid to flat roofs, for which there is currently a wide range of technologies needed for user-friendly operation of a building. Recycled materials are still often looked down on and, therefore, it is important to show that even these elements may work very well in constructions. They must meet strict criteria for static and thermal properties. Furthermore, they must comply with fire and weather resistance requirements. They also have acoustic, secondary and aesthetic function. The roof structure is one of the basic segments that characterize the final properties of the building. Any malfunctions will lead to increased economic costs and degradation of users’ environment.
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Tsirigoti, Dimitra, Christina Giarma, and Katerina Tsikaloudaki. "Indoor Acoustic Comfort Provided by an Innovative Preconstructed Wall Module: Sound Insulation Performance Analysis." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 19, 2020): 8666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208666.
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The complicated nature of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) (thermal, visual, acoustic comfort, etc.) dictates a multi-fold approach for desirable IEQ levels to be achieved. The improvement of building shells’ thermal performance, imposed by the constantly revised buildings’ energy performance regulations, does not necessarily guarantee the upgrade of all IEQ-related aspects, such as the construction’s acoustic quality, as most of the commonly used insulation materials are characterized by their low acoustic performance properties. From this perspective the SUstainable PReconstructed Innovative Module (SU.PR.I.M.) research project investigates a new, innovative preconstructed building module with advanced characteristics, which can, among other features, provide a high quality of acoustic performance in the indoor space. The module consists of two reinforced concrete vertical panels, between which the load bearing steel profiles are positioned. In the cavity and at the exterior surface of the panel there is a layer of thermal insulation. For the scope of the analysis, different external finishing surfaces are considered, including cladding with slate and brick, and different cavity insulation materials are examined. The addition of Phase Change Materials (PCM) in different mix proportions in the interior concrete panel is also examined. For the calculation of the sound insulation performance of the building module the INSUL 9.0 software is used. The results were validated through an experimental measurement in the laboratory in order to test the consistency of the values obtained. The results indicate that the examined preconstructed module can cover the sound insulation national regulation’s performance limits, but the implementation of such panels in building constructions should be carefully considered in case of lower frequency noise environments.
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Trematerra, Amelia, and Ilaria Lombardi. "Acoustic Properties of Cork Sheets." Key Engineering Materials 744 (July 2017): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.744.66.
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Green materials can be considered as a valid alternative to traditional synthetic materials. The cork is a green material, in fact it is a sustainable material. Cork can be used to improve the acoustics inside buildings. The systems used consist of cork sheets mounted at a distance onto a rigid wall, with the thickness of the sheet being 1.5 mm. The distances from the rigid wall considered are equal to 5 cm, 10 cm and 15 cm. The absorption coefficient of the sample was measured in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 2000 Hz with an impedance tube.
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Dogra, Sourabh, and Arpan Gupta. "TEST METHOD TO DETERMINE THE ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES OF BUILDING MATERIAL BY USING MICROPHONE IMPEDANCE TUBE." Akustika, VOLUME 40 (2021): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36336/akustika20214036.
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The paper discusses a simple and low-cost method to design four microphone impedance tube of measuring the acoustic properties of building materials. The acoustic properties of the material are defined by the reflection coefficient, absorption coefficient, and transmission coefficient. The experimental setup follows the ASTM-E2611 standard of four microphone impedance tube with two load boundary conditions to measure these coefficients. The setup consists of four microphones around a brass tube with the speaker at one end and termination at the other. Raw data from the four microphones is obtained through a Virtual Instrument (VI) program developed in LabView. The novelty in the design is the tapered connection between the two pipes connected via the sample holder. The mathematical equation involved in estimating acoustical properties is solved in MATLAB 2019a. The reflection and absorption coefficient data of ephony fibbrette of 15 mm thickness are compared with the data provided by an accredited laboratory. The experimental results of the in-house designed impedance tube are in good agreement with the lab results. This material is used in the auditorium, theatres for hearing comfort. Further, two new samples of ephony fibbrette along with wood fibre cement and damper has been analysed. It has been found that adding a layer of wood fibre results in an increase in the absorption coefficient whereas the addition of the damper results in an increase in the reflection coefficient.
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Ahmad et al., Shanaz. "Acoustic and Thermal Insulation of Nanocomposites for Building Material." Baghdad Science Journal 17, no. 2 (May 11, 2020): 0494. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2020.17.2.0494.
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This work aims to enhance acoustic and thermal insulation properties for polymeric composite by adding nanoclay and rock wool as reinforcement materials with different rations. A polymer blend of (epoxy+ polyester) as matrix materials was used. The Hand lay-up technique was used to manufacture the castings. Epoxy and polyester were mixed at different weight ratios involving (50:50, 60:40, 70:30, 80:20, and 90:10) wt. % of (epoxy: polyester) wt. % respectively. Impact tests for optimum sample (OMR), caustic and thermal insulation tests were performed. Nano clay (Kaolinite) with ratios ( 5 and 7.5% ) wt.% , also hybrid reinforcement materials involving (Kaolite 5 & 7.5 % wt.% + 10% volume fraction of rockwool ) were added as reinforcement materials to the optimum sample. Results of impact test prove that the optimum sample has (80:20) wt. % of mixing ratio of (epoxy: polyester) wt. % for using as matrix materials. Moreover, the adding of nanoclay (Kaolinite) with ratio (7.5 wt.%) leads to the highest sound insulation. The sound intensity started at (99.8) db at 100 Hz, and reached to (101.3) db at 10000 Hz., which is much lower than the values obtained from the un-reinforced blend, of which the sound intensity started at (107.2) db and reached to (108.7) db., at the same range of frequencies. Thermal conductivity results show that the optimum matrix with (7.5 %) wt. % has the lowest value about (0.443 k.w\m .c).
The results show that the blend reinforced with nano clay in a weight fraction (7.5)% has the best sound insulation, so that the sound intensity started at (99.8) db at 100 Hz., and reached (101.3) db at 10000 Hz., which is much lower than the values obtained from the unreinforced blend, of which the sound intensity started at (107.2) db and reached (108.7) db., applying the same range of frequencies. The same casting (blend+7.5% nanoclay) showed the lowest value of thermal conductivity (xxxx) W.m°C in comparison with castings that were made of unreinforced blend and those hybridized with rockwool.
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Hackman, Joseph F. "The Georgia Tech West Village Building Multipurpose Space: A case study of a higher education multipurpose space with conflicting programming to find a practical and cost-effective solution for end users." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (October 2022): A23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015414.
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This case study examines the challenges in architectural acoustics pertaining to small multipurpose rooms used for musical and instructional purposes as exhibited in the West Village Building on the Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Campus. The multipurpose space, while designed with variable acoustical elements, was challenging for the various user groups. This study aimed to find a solution to balance the acoustic, budgetary, and practical needs of this space. The goal of this study was to determine what configurations of existing and new material would improve functionality of the space. Solutions were created based on measured reverberation time of the space, and calculations based on properties of known materials and potential configurations. The findings were used to create a user-friendly guide for those who utilize the space, as well as an auditory demonstration. Most significantly, this study arrived at a solution that employed both existing and readily available materials, a modest budget, and maintained flexibility within the space.
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Fontoba-Ferrándiz, J., E. Juliá-Sanchis, JE Crespo Amorós, J. Segura Alcaraz, JM Gadea Borrell, and F. Parres García. "Panels of eco-friendly materials for architectural acoustics." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 25 (April 16, 2020): 3743–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998320918914.
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The objective of this work is to study the acoustic and mechanical properties of environmentally friendly materials manufactured through the process of resin infusion made from different types of fibres: some are biodegradable obtained from renewable resources and others from recycled textile waste. The materials studied are composed of fibres of jute, hemp, coconut, biaxial linen and textile waste. The modulus of elasticity and the airborne sound insulation are determined through dynamic and acoustic tests, respectively. The behaviour of these innovative materials is compared to some traditional materials commonly used in architectural acoustics. The acoustic study of these environmentally friendly materials is carried out considering them as light elements of a single layer for their application to insulation of walls. The results are compared to plasterboards, considered as the most commonly used light material in buildings for airborne sound insulation. In conclusion, these materials are a real and effective alternative to the traditional composites of synthetic matrices and reinforcements of glass fibres and there is a reduction in the production cost compared to the usual porous synthetic media that have expensive production processes.
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Paredes, Marcel, Fausto Lopez, Tito Castillo, Alexis Andrade, and Valeria Arroba. "Sustainable acoustic insulation for prefabricated concrete homes in Andean zones." Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Studies (SREES) 30, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 496–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2021.30.3.42.
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The construction sector is undoubtedly one of the main promoters for economic and social development. The modern concept of the prefabrication of elements originated from the industrial revolution to reduce costs and increase production through the mechanization of work, increasing the quality and ease of control in the plant. Prefabricated concrete homes are aimed at the popular sectors, however, when talking about acoustic habitability comfort we refer to constructive solutions used in a building to minimize the transmission of sounds (noise pollution) from outside or from an adjoining enclosure. This is achieved with the use of acoustic insulation materials. In the present research, through a bibliographic review, the updated state-of-the-art search methodology is developed, supported by the Delphi and AHP (hierarchical analytical process) methods and with the opinion of experts to compare the properties of acoustic insulating materials; in order to publicize the best acoustic insulators to be installed inside prefabricated concrete homes. Within the bibliographic review, new technologies with sustainable materials found as feasible prototypes were investigated in Ecuador, where thanks to its diversity of ecosystems and the necessary existing technology, the natural fibers used in the prototypes for insulation/absorption are easily found acoustics in homes.
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Claes, Steven, Wouter Van De Walle, Muhammad Islahuddin, and Hans Janssen. "The application of computed tomography for characterizing the pore structure of building materials." Journal of Building Physics 43, no. 4 (October 24, 2019): 254–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744259119880927.
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Three-dimensional analyses of the pore structure of building materials are becoming progressively more important in recent years. The main goal is to obtain more accurate interpretations and simulations of their properties and performances. Computed tomography has proven to be an excellent and versatile tool to perform these analyses non-destructively. The reconstruction of the pore structure is of high importance for establishing accurate models, as it plays a crucial role in determining important characteristics of building materials such as their hygrothermal, mechanical, or acoustic properties. These models allow us to better understand the results of corresponding laboratory tests and in the near future might replace these time-consuming experiments. In this article, the strengths and weaknesses of computed tomography as a data acquisition technique are examined and discussed.
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Palomar, Irene, and Gonzalo Barluenga. "Acoustic Assessment of Multiscale Porous Lime-Cement Mortars." Materials 16, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16010322.
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Noise pollution is an issue of high concern in urban environments and current standards and regulations trend to increase acoustic insulation requirements concerning airborne noise control. The design and development of novel building materials with enhanced acoustic performance is an efficient solution to mitigate this problem. Their application as renders and plasters can improve the acoustic conditions of existing and brand-new buildings. This paper reports the acoustic performance of eleven multiscale porous lime-cement mortars (MP-LCM) with two types of fibers (cellulose and polypropylene), gap-graded sand, and three lightweight aggregates (expanded clay, perlite, and vermiculite). Gap-graded sand was replaced by 25 and 50% of lightweight aggregates. A volume of 1.5% and 3% of cellulose fibers were added. The experimental study involved a physical characterization of properties related to mortar porous microstructure, such as apparent density, open porosity accessible to water, capillarity absorption, and water vapor permeability. Mechanical properties, such as Young’s modulus, compressibility modulus, and Poisson’s ratio were evaluated with ultrasonic pulse transmission tests. Acoustic properties, such as acoustic absorption coefficient and global index of airborne noise transmission, were measured using reduced-scale laboratory tests. The influence of mortar composition and the effects of mass, homogeneity, and stiffness on acoustic properties was assessed. Mortars with lower density, lower vapor permeability, larger open porosity, and higher Young’s and compressibility modulus showed an increase in sound insulation. The incorporation of lightweight aggregates increased sound insulation by up to 38% compared to the gap-graded sand reference mixture. Fibers slightly improved sound insulation, although a small fraction of cellulose fibers can quadruplicate noise absorption. The roughness of the exposed surface also affected sound transmission loss. A semi-quantitative multiscale model for acoustic performance, considering paste thickness, active void size, and connectivity of paste pores as key parameters, was proposed. It was observed that MP-LCM with enhanced sound insulation, slightly reduced sound absorption.
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Kalinova, Klara. "Sound absorptive light comprising nanofibrous resonant membrane applicable in room acoustics." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 39, no. 3 (September 29, 2017): 362–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624417733404.
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Room acoustic solutions are based on measurements of the acoustic power of the room and acoustic elements with different functions (absorption tiles, absorption ceilings, absorption bodies, diffusers, barriers). This work is focused only on absorption elements with an emphasis on addressing lower-middle frequencies. The design of the material is based on broad band noise. Damping of lower frequencies is restricted to a certain extent by the final thickness of the acoustic material. Nanofibrous resonant membranes will be used in the design to achieve higher sound absorption at lower frequencies in comparison with commercially available materials. The principle of the acoustic system is to use combination of a perforated sheet covered by a nanofibrous resonant membrane, which is brought into forced vibration upon impact of sound waves of low frequency. Practical application:To absorb sounds of high frequencies, porous materials are used. To absorb sounds of low frequencies, resonant membranes are employed. However, these structures absorb only sounds of certain frequency. Nanofibrous layers have unique acoustic properties due to the large specific surface area of the nanofibres, where viscous losses may occur, and also the ability to resonate at its own frequency. The advantage of this technology is the space between the acoustic element with a thickness of 1–2 mm and the wall/ceiling, which can be used for the installation of lighting/audio speakers, etc. The acoustic light prototype has been made.
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Akulova, Inna, Galina Slavcheva, and Dmitry Simonov. "Methodological approaches to assessing the technical and economic efficiency of the building materials and structures’ use." E3S Web of Conferences 281 (2021): 08008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128108008.
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The technical and economic efficiency actual problem of the use of building materials, products and structures is considered. Taking into account the purpose, a grouping of building materials was carried out according to eight nomenclature groups of structural, structural and heat-insulating, heat-insulating, acoustic, finishing, waterproofing and roofing materials, as well as the materials for special and general purposes. It is proposed to assess the technical and economic efficiency of building materials that form various nomenclature groups on the basis of two methodological approaches. The first approach should be applied to the building materials with one pronounced functional property, and the second - for the materials with several properties, the priority of which is not obvious. The calculations are carried out according to the criterion of the maximum units of useful effect due to the use of materials per unit of associated costs. In the second case, it is advisable to use the expert assessments to determine the significance of functional properties. Methodical recommendations for the technology of their implementation are provided.
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Hassan, Tufail, Hafsa Jamshaid, Rajesh Mishra, Muhammad Qamar Khan, Michal Petru, Martin Tichy, and Miroslav Muller. "Factors Affecting Acoustic Properties of Natural-Fiber-Based Materials and Composites: A Review." Textiles 1, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 55–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/textiles1010005.
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Recently, very rapid growth has been observed in the innovations and use of natural-fiber-based materials and composites for acoustic applications due to their environmentally friendly nature, low cost, and good acoustic absorption capability. However, there are still challenges for researchers to improve the mechanical and acoustic properties of natural fiber composites. In contrast, synthetic fiber-based composites have good mechanical properties and can be used in a wide range of structural and automotive applications. This review aims to provide a short overview of the different factors that affect the acoustic properties of natural-fiber-based materials and composites. The various factors that influence acoustic performance are fiber type, fineness, length, orientation, density, volume fraction in the composite, thickness, level of compression, and design. The details of various factors affecting the acoustic behavior of the fiber-based composites are described. Natural-fiber-based composites exhibit relatively good sound absorption capability due to their porous structure. Surface modification by alkali treatment can enhance the sound absorption performance. These materials can be used in buildings and interiors for efficient sound insulation.
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Gots, Volodymyr, Petr Palchyk, and Oksana Berdnyk. "INVESTIGATION OF PROPERTIES OF MODIFIED BASALT FIBERS." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering 4 (July 31, 2018): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2018.00673.
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Thermophysical, physical-mechanical and acoustic characteristics of a rough continuous basalt fiber under the influence of operating factors and a corrosive environment are studied. It is shown that the production of protective materials with high thermophysical and acoustic properties is possible when creating a porous system with a known texture characteristic of pores of different classes, purposes and connections. An influence of the porous system of rough continuous basalt fiber on the operational properties of flexible heat and sound insulation products and materials is studied. The requirements of normative documents on thermal protection of buildings and structures have caused a constant tendency from the creation of new materials that ensure reliable operation of structures and equipment in the conditions of intensive influence of destructive factors of external influence. This led to an increase in requirements for walling wall materials that are used to fill openings in frame construction, or as an independent structural and thermal insulation material when building buildings with load-bearing walls. They are presented with a set of requirements that combines: physical and mechanical, chemical, hygienic, thermophysical, decorative and finishing, and other properties of the material. In this connection, there is a need to create materials that, having a small average density and high strength, are able to withstand the temperature loads, and the influence of an aggressive environment. It is determined that the performance characteristics of flexible heat and sound insulation materials are directly proportional to the degree of porosity of the composite materials and their structural characteristics. It is shown that the increase in the operating temperature of these materials, sound and thermal resistance is determined by the chemical and mineralogical composition of the initial materials and their structural characteristics. The influence of the mechanism of selective leaching of coarse continuous basalt fibers on their texture characteristics and the operating temperature zone is studied. The resulting material is produced from environmentally friendly raw materials using a one-stage technology without harmful effects on the environment and, unlike thermal insulation materials based on polymers or asbestos, has no harmful effect on the human body, meets the requirements of the European Union for the protection of the environment and sanitary and hygienic standards.
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Konstantinova, N. I., N. V. Smirnov, A. V. Zuban, and O. P. Zuban. "The fire-safe application of acoustic materials in cultural and entertainment buildings." Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety 30, no. 6 (February 3, 2022): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/0869-7493.2021.30.06.13-23.
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Introduction. In theatre and concert halls, acoustic environments are created, among other things, by wall and ceiling panels, that have special sound absorption properties. However, modern materials demonstrating the required acoustic properties do not necessarily comply with effective fire safety regulations.Aims and purposes. Modern acoustic panels, made of mineral fibers, are among the most effective ones in terms of sound absorption; they also provide wide opportunities for the high-quality design of auditoriums.Despite the non-combustible basic component, high acoustic performance of such decorative items is attained thanks to a set of supplementary materials that have different chemical compositions, structures, physical and mechanical properties, which, in the aggregate, slightly reduce fire safety.Due to the lack of fire safety requirements applicable to special materials that perform the function of sound absorption, their usability in auditoriums of buildings and structures is confirmed, as a rule, according to the standards that apply to traditional decorative and finishing materials. At the same time, the use of high-performance acoustic materials is problematic due to rather strict fire safety requirements for decorative and finishing materials designated for walls and ceilings.The purpose of this work is to conduct analytical studies on the effective regulatory framework of the fire-safe use of acoustic materials, perform comparative experimental studies on the assessment of their fire-technical characteristics to study the feasibility of drafting proposals on their acceptable use on the premises and in the halls of cultural and entertainment facilities.Results and discussion. Analytical studies were conducted to identify the most effective sound-absorbing finishing materials that feature lower fire hazards. They are mineral wool products made of glass fiber or stone wool. A set of fire hazard indicators, typical for acoustic decorative materials, made of mineral fibers, were subject to comparative experimental studies for the purpose of their legitimate fire-safe use in public auditoriums.The co-authors found that the requirements, applicable to acoustic materials designated for walls and ceilings, can be issued as amendments to effective regulatory and technical documents on fire safety.Conclusions. The co-authors proposed amendments to effective fire safety regulations in respect of the requirements applicable to acoustic materials designated for walls and ceilings of auditoriums.
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Sukaj, Silvana, Antonella Bevilacqua, Giuseppe Ciaburro, Gino Iannace, and Amelia Trematerra. "Ottoman Mosques in Albania: Building Acoustic Exploration inside Five Case Studies." Buildings 11, no. 10 (September 24, 2021): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11100430.
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The Ottoman mosques of the 15th and 16th centuries represent an architectural typology that has been replicated in territories out of the Middle East for as long as Islam spread its influence on other countries. This paper deals with the determination of the acoustic properties inside a few Ottoman mosques located in different cities of Albania, specifically in Elbasan, Berat, Kavaja, Tirana and Shkodra. A comparison between the prayer rooms of these five mosques has been undertaken in terms of the main acoustic parameters by following the standard requirements outlined in ISO 3382-1. The architectural characteristics of the single-unit mosques chosen for this research study are determined by the domed-square musalla, which has a comparable volume size among all five mosques. Results gathered by the acoustic measurements undertaken in unoccupied conditions highlight an overall lack of speech understanding given the values of some acoustic parameters fairly acceptable. This outcome is justified by the geometrical configuration, worsened by the presence of a dome that creates a focusing effect of the sound rays, and by the reflecting finish materials applied to walls and roof that facilitate the build-up defect of echoes.
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LESOVIK, V. S., S. V. ALEKSEEV, I. V. BESSONOV, and S. S. VAISERA. "Control of the Structure and Properties of Acoustic Materials on the Basis of Foam Glass Composites." Stroitel'nye Materialy 760, no. 6 (2018): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31659/0585-430x-2018-760-6-41-44.
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Santoni, Andrea, Paolo Bonfiglio, Patrizio Fausti, Cristina Marescotti, Valentina Mazzanti, and Francesco Pompoli. "Characterization and Vibro-Acoustic Modeling of Wood Composite Panels." Materials 13, no. 8 (April 17, 2020): 1897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13081897.
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Natural fiber-filled polymers offer good mechanical properties and economic competitiveness compared to traditional materials. Wood flour is one of the most widely used fillers, and the resulting material, known as wood plastic composite (WPC), has already found a wide applicability in many industrial sectors including automotive and building construction. This paper, as a followup of a previous study on a numerical-based approach to optimize the sound transmission loss of WPC panels, presents an extensive numerical and experimental vibro-acoustic analysis of an orthotropic panel made out of WPC boards. Both structural and acoustical excitations were considered. The panel radiation efficiency and its transmission loss were modeled using analytic and semi-analytic approaches. The mechanical properties of the structure, required as input data in the prediction models, were numerically determined in terms of wavenumbers by means of finite element simulations, and experimentally verified. The accuracy of the predicted acoustic performances was assessed by comparing the numerical results with the measured data. The comparisons highlighted a significant influence of the junctions between the WPC boards, especially on the panel’s transmission loss. The radiation efficiency results were mostly influenced by the boundary conditions of the plate-like structure. This latter aspect was further investigated through a finite element analysis.
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Gomez, Tomas Simon, Santiago Zuluaga, Maritza Jimenez, María de los Ángeles Navacerrada, María del Mar Barbero-Barrera, Daniel de la Prida, Adriana Restrepo-Osorio, and Patricia Fernández-Morales. "Evaluation of Colombian Crops Fibrous Byproducts for Potential Applications in Sustainable Building Acoustics." Polymers 13, no. 1 (December 29, 2020): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13010101.
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Local production of construction materials is a valuable tool for improving the building sector sustainability. In this sense, the use of lignocellulosic fibers from local species becomes an interesting alternative to the development of such materials. As it is thought that the properties of fiber-based materials are dependent on the fibers properties, the knowledge of such properties is fundamental to promote materials development. This study compares the physical, morphological, acoustic, and mechanical characteristics of coir (Cocos nucifera) and fique (Furcraea Agavaceae) fibers and panels. The chemical composition appears to be associated with the general behavior of the fibers and panels, regarding higher tensile strength, thermal degradation behavior, and water absorption. In most tests, fique had the upper hand, showing superior performance; however, on thermal degradation and water absorption, both materials had similar behavior. The sound absorption measurement showed that the fiber diameter affects the sound absorption at high frequencies, where fique panels showed better performance than coir panels.
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Smardzewski, Jerzy, Tadeusz Kamisiński, Dorota Dziurka, Radosław Mirski, Adam Majewski, Artur Flach, and Adam Pilch. "Sound absorption of wood-based materials." Holzforschung 69, no. 4 (May 1, 2015): 431–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2014-0114.
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Abstract From modern buildings to public spaces are made of concrete, steel, and glass. These materials increase propagation of sound and the reverberation time. Therefore, furniture should be good sound absorbers in such places. The objective of this study was to ascertain acoustic properties of wood-based materials by determining normal acoustic impedance on the surface and sound absorption coefficients. Experiments were carried out on 17 types of wood-based materials commonly employed in furniture design and manufacture. Investigations were conducted based on the transfer-function method. It was demonstrated that for frequencies between 125 and 500 Hz, the highest capability of sound absorption was determined of low surface layer density and high porosity. Honeycomb panels with paper core absorbed better sounds in the range between 1 and 2 kHz. Panels of considerable external surface irregularities were characterized by the most favorable acoustic properties for the frequency of 4 kHz.
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Vašatko, Hana, Lukas Gosch, Julian Jauk, and Milena Stavric. "Basic Research of Material Properties of Mycelium-Based Composites." Biomimetics 7, no. 2 (April 21, 2022): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7020051.
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The subject of this research is growing mycelium-based composites and exploring their basic material properties. Since the building industry is responsible for a large amount of annual CO2 emissions, rethinking building materials is an important task for future practices. Using such composites is a carbon-neutral strategy that offers alternatives to conventional building materials. Yet, in order to become competitive, their basic research is still needed. In order to create mycelium-based composites, it was necessary to establish a sterile work environment and develop shaping procedures for objects on a scale of architectural building elements. The composite material exhibited qualities that make it suitable for compression-only structures, temporary assemblies, and acoustic and thermal insulation. The methodology includes evaluating several substrates, focused on beech sawdust, with two mycelium strains (Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum), density calculations, compression tests, three-point flexural tests and capillary water absorption. The results of this study are presented through graphical and numerical values comparing material and mechanical properties. This study established a database for succeeding investigations and for defining the potentials and limitations of this material. Furthermore, future applications and relevant examinations have been addressed.
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Huang, Xian Feng, Zhi Xiang Zhuang, Shang You Wei, and Jun Xin Lan. "Prediction on Modal Properties of Building Plates." Applied Mechanics and Materials 638-640 (September 2014): 1619–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.638-640.1619.
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Statistical energy analysis (SEA) method is an adequate tool to solve complex problems to building acoustics. This research on the application in variety of the building materials as the subsystem of SEA model is performed. For the purpose to explore the relationship between the building element and its mode, these commonly used building materials are selected to determine this relationship. It is indicated that the properties of building material have obvious effect on the modal density and modal overlap of building members. As the consequence, a useful technique to account for a building member to be appropriate for a SEA (statistical energy analysis) subsystem is presented.
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Ing, Matthew, Simon Austin, and Richard Lyons. "Cover zone properties influencing acoustic emission due to corrosion." Cement and Concrete Research 35, no. 2 (February 2005): 284–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.05.006.
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Parlato, Monica C. M., and Simona M. C. Porto. "Organized Framework of Main Possible Applications of Sheep Wool Fibers in Building Components." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (January 21, 2020): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12030761.
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Greasy sheep wool is currently considered a special waste for its high bacterial load, with expensive disposal costs for sheep breeders. For this reason, wool is often burned or buried, with serious consequences for the environment. On the other hand, sheep wool is well regarded as one of the most performative insulating natural fibers due to its thermo-hygrometric and acoustic properties. In the building sector, sheep wool meets the requirements of green building components because it is an eco-friendly material, there is a surplus of it, it is annually renewable, and totally recyclable. If used instead of common insulation materials (e.g., fiberglass, rock wool, polyurethane foam, polystyrene), sheep wool offers significant benefits for sustainability such as a reduction in the production costs for new insulating materials and in environmental pollution. Mechanical and physical properties of sheep wool investigated in previous studies were assessed and discussed with the aim of providing an organized framework of possible applications of wool fibers in building components. This paper highlights in detail aspects that have not yet been investigated enough to detect new potential uses of sheep wool fibers in rural buildings and the reuse of traditional ones.
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Koruk, Hasan, Yusuf Saygili, Garip Genc, and Kenan Y. Sanliturk. "Identification of uncertainty levels of acoustic properties of biocomposites under different mounting conditions in impedance tube tests." Noise Control Engineering Journal 69, no. 5 (September 1, 2021): 392–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/1/376936.
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Impedance tube method is widely used to measure acoustic properties of materials. Although this method yields reliable acoustic properties for soft textured materials, uncertainty levels of measured acoustic properties for hard materials, including biocomposites, can be quite large, mainly due to uncertain mounting conditions. Here, the effects of mounting conditions on the acoustic properties of biocomposites in an impedance tube are investigated. First, nominally identical biocomposite samples with a diameter equal to the inner diameter of impedance tube are manufactured and their acoustic properties are determined. As hard materials practically cause fitting problems in the impedance tube, the diameters of samples are reduced, as in practice, by small amounts and acoustic properties of modified samples are determined. Furthermore, in order to match the diameters of samples to the inner diameter of impedance tube, different materials such as tape, petroleum jelly and cotton are applied around samples to close the air gap between the samples and the tube's inner wall. All the results are compared, and the uncertainty levels caused by different mounting conditions on the acoustic properties of biocomposites are identified. The results show that the transmission loss (TL) measurements are dramatically affected by the mounting conditions while the sound absorption conditions are less sensitive to the mounting conditions. The deviations in the measured TL levels are highest for the samples with tape and wax (10–15 dB). On the other hand, the deviations in the measured sound absorption coefficients are highest for the samples with cotton and tape (1–2%).