Relevant bibliographies by topics / Building Heating and Cooling

Academic literature on the topic 'Building Heating and Cooling'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Building Heating and Cooling"

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Niemierka, Elżbieta, and Piotr Jadwiszczak. "Cross-building cooling-to-heating energy transfer." E3S Web of Conferences 100 (2019): 00056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910000056.

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Nowadays office buildings are faced with high and long-term cooling demand with grate heat recovery potential. In low heating demand office buildings not all of recoverable excess heat can be utilised, so it forces to search the consumers beyond the energetic boundary of office building. One of more promising way is supplying residential building by excess heat to meet the space heating and domestic hot water demands. Proposed cross-building cooling-to-heating energy flow allows transferring and utilizing excess heat from office building in residential as a useful heat. This solution creates the flexible and sustainable environment and meets the energy challenges of the future, in line with current energy trends and policy.
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Su, Yuan, Fu Lin Wang, and Yue Fan. "Heating and Cooling Load Characteristics Comparison between Normal Building and Low Energy Consumption Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (October 2014): 1855–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.1855.

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In this research, a normal building and low energy consumption building were chosen to compare and analyze heating and cooling load characteristics. Firstly, the abstract of two buildings were carried out. Secondly, methodology of measurement and calculation was researched. At last the heating and cooling load of two buildings was examined using this methodology.
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Kulkarni, Shubham S. "A Glance on Radiant Cooling Technology for Heating and Cooling for Residential and Commercial Building Application." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics and Computational Fluid Dynamics 07, no. 3&4 (November 6, 2020): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2349.7661.202005.

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As we know that nowadays due to the hot and humid weather and the increasing temperature the high amount of energy consumption is used for the heating & cooling purpose in residential as well as in commercial building for air conditioning systems. To overcome this problem and to reduce the energy consumption as well as good thermal comfort to people in the indoor environment, use the radiant heating & cooling system is a better way. This concept is used to cool or heat the room and absorbs the indoor sensible heat by thermal radiation. The system removes heat by using less energy and more energy-efficient. This system uses water as a medium to cool or heat the room space. There are three types discussed in these papers for cooling & heating. In this paper, we did an overall study regarding radiant heating and cooling systems. It reduces the energy lost due to the duct leakage. It also has a lower life cycle cost compared to conventional. In this paper, we have reviewed how to reduce energy consumption and give thermal comfortable air-condition through radiant cooling and chilled ceiling panel system.
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Muhammad Irfan and Faizir Ramlie. "Analysis of Parameters which Affects Prediction of Energy Consumption in Buildings using Partial Least Square (PLS) Approach." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 25, no. 1 (December 19, 2021): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.25.1.6168.

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The development of energy consumption prediction model is an integral part of the management and improvement of building energy efficiency in order to save the energy and to reduce the environmental impact. There are factors that affect energy in buildings which are heating and cooling. Building materials, ventilation, building direction, and building area are the important factors to determine building energy efficiency. The study aims to find the role of input variable (independent) on the output variable (dependent) in the form of Heating Load (HL) and Cooling Load (CL). The study employs Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis method which is a variant-based Structural Equation Modeling analysis known as SEM-PLS. The result of the study indicates that the estimation of inner model of the direct influence of Orientation on Cooling Load and Heating Load is not significant. It means the size of the Orientation value does not significantly affect the increase/decrease in Cooling Load and Heating Load. While the direct effect of Overall Height, Wall Area, and Surface Area on Cooling Load and Heating Load is significant. It means that the value of Overall Height, Wall Area, and Surface Area has a significant effect on increasing/decreasing Cooling Load and Heating Load. The results of this study are expected to be useful to help building designers, especially related to energy efficiency in the buildings. In addition, the development of this model can be used as an alternative in determining the factors that affect comfort in a building.
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Köse, Eda, and Gülten Manioğlu. "Evaluation of the Performance of a Building Envelope Constructed with Phase-Change Materials in Relation to Orientation in Different Climatic Regions." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911104003.

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Minimizing the effect of climatic conditions and energy consumption in buildings are important issues to be considered in the building design process. Due to the changes in climatic conditions, there is an increase not only in the consumption of heating energy but also cooling energy. Certain passive measures to be taken primarily for the building envelope are necessary in order to reduce energy consumption. Applying a phase-change material on the surface of a building envelope is one of the new approaches for controlling heat transfer through the building envelope during the cooling period. It is known that phase-change materials, which are also considered as modern versions of thermal mass concept, can reduce the of a building’s heating and cooling energy consumption. In this study, a unit with 10m to 10m dimension with one external facade in a 3 storey building was evaluated in two cities, Istanbul and Diyarbakır, in temperate-humid and hot dry climatic regions. In order to reduce heating and cooling loads, a phase-change material was applied on the surface of the building envelope. The thickness of the phase-change material on the applied surface was increased at every step, and different building envelope alternatives were created. Heating and cooling energy consumptions were calculated for different orientations of the external facade. When calculated values are evaluated comparatively, it is seen that as the thickness of the phase-change material increases, the energy loads occurred in the unit decrease gradually. Equally, the performance of the phase-change materials varies depending on the orientation. Therefore, it is possible to determine the optimum thickness and orientation combination of the phase-change material application on a building envelope and reduce heating and cooling energy consumptions.
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Sholahudin, Azimil Gani Alam, Chang In Baek, and Hwataik Han. "Prediction and Analysis of Building Energy Efficiency Using Artificial Neural Network and Design of Experiments." Applied Mechanics and Materials 819 (January 2016): 541–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.819.541.

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Energy consumption of buildings is increasing steadily and occupying approximately 30-40% of total energy use. It is important to predict heating and cooling loads of a building in the initial stage of design to find out optimal solutions among various design options, as well as in the operating stage after the building has been completed for energy efficient operation. In this paper, an artificial neural network model has been developed to predict heating and cooling loads of a building based on simulation data for building energy performance. The input variables include relative compactness, surface area, wall area, roof area, overall height, orientation, glazing area, and glazing area distribution of a building, and the output variables include heating load (HL) and cooling load (CL) of the building. The simulation data used for training are the data published in the literature for various 768 residential buildings. ANNs have a merit in estimating output values for given input values satisfactorily, but it has a limitation in acquiring the effects of input variables individually. In order to analyze the effects of the variables, we used a method for design of experiment and conducted ANOVA analysis. The sensitivities of individual variables have been investigated and the most energy efficient solution has been estimated under given conditions. Discussions are included in the paper regarding the variables affecting heating load and cooling load significantly and the effects on heating and cooling loads of residential buildings.
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Das, Sushmita, Aleena Swetapadma, and Chinmoy Panigrahi. "A STUDY ON THE APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUES FOR PREDICTING THE HEATING AND COOLING LOADS OF BUILDINGS." Journal of Green Building 14, no. 3 (June 2019): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.14.3.115.

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The prediction of the heating and cooling loads of a building is an essential aspect in studies involving the analysis of energy consumption in buildings. An accurate estimation of heating and cooling load leads to better management of energy related tasks and progressing towards an energy efficient building. With increasing global energy demands and buildings being major energy consuming entities, there is renewed interest in studying the energy performance of buildings. Alternative technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques are being widely used in energy studies involving buildings. This paper presents a review of research in the area of forecasting the heating and cooling load of buildings using AI techniques. The results discussed in this paper demonstrate the use of AI techniques in the estimation of the thermal loads of buildings. An accurate prediction of the heating and cooling loads of buildings is necessary for forecasting the energy expenditure in buildings. It can also help in the design and construction of energy efficient buildings.
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Ahn, Ki Uhn, Deuk-Woo Kim, Seung-Eon Lee, Chang-U. Chae, and Hyun Mi Cho. "Temporal Segmentation for the Estimation and Benchmarking of Heating and Cooling Energy in Commercial Buildings in Seoul, South Korea." Sustainability 14, no. 17 (September 5, 2022): 11095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141711095.

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The building sector is responsible for more than one-third of total global energy consumption; hence, increasingly efficient energy use in this sector will contribute to achieving carbon neutrality. Most existing building-energy-benchmarking methods evaluate building energy performance based on total energy use intensity; however, energy usage in buildings varies with the seasons, and as such, this approach renders the evaluation of cooling and heating energy difficult. In this study, an information gain-based temporal segmentation (IGTS) method was used to identify the seasonal transition times based on patterns of hourly weather and corresponding building energy use. Twelve commercial buildings were considered for the study and four seasons were identified using IGTS; base-load, cooling energy, and heating energy data were gathered. For the 12 buildings, the estimated and measured heating and cooling energy during the summer and winter periods showed a linear relationship (R2 = 0.976), and the average of those differences was 9.07 kWh/m2. In addition, differences in the benchmarking results based on these energies were marginal. The results indicated that the IGTS approach can be effectively used for determining the actual heating and cooling energy consumption in buildings, as well as for energy benchmarking. This can, in turn, improve building energy use, with positive implications for achieving carbon neutrality.
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Shakerin, Mohammad, Vilde Eikeskog, Yantong Li, Trond Thorgeir Harsem, Natasa Nord, and Haoran Li. "Investigation of Combined Heating and Cooling Systems with Short- and Long-Term Storages." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (May 9, 2022): 5709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095709.

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Modern buildings in cold climates, like Norway, may have simultaneous heating and cooling demands. For these buildings, integrated heating and cooling systems with heat pumps, as well as short-term and long-term thermal storage, are promising solutions. Furthermore, combining this integrated system with renewables aids in the transition to future sustainable building energy systems. However, cost-effectively designing and operating such a complicated system is challenging and rarely addressed. Therefore, this research proposed an integrated heating and cooling system that incorporated a short-term water tank and a long-term borehole thermal storage. Meanwhile, three operating modes: heating, cooling, and free cooling were defined based on different heating and cooling load conditions. A detailed system model was developed in MATLAB using heat pump manufacture data as well as simulated and measured building loads. Following that, sensitivity studies were performed to investigate the impacts of ground properties, thermal storage size, setpoint temperature, heat pump characteristics, and load conditions. The findings identified the crucial factors that influence the system’s overall energy efficiency and the functioning of the key system components. Particularly, it revealed that low cooling to heating ratios caused an imbalance in charging and discharging, further reducing the ground temperature and degrading the heat pump’s performance.
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Saipi, Nargjil, Matthias Schuss, Ulrich Pont, and Ardeshir Mahdavi. "Comparison of Simulated and Actual Energy Use of a Hospital Building in Austria." Advanced Materials Research 899 (February 2014): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.899.11.

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This paper compares calculated and measured energy use data (for space heating and cooling) pertaining to a hospital building in Austria. The building's existing energy certificate as well as monitored heating and cooling demand information were acquired from the hospitals administration. Moreover, the energy performance of the building was modeled using a numeric simulation application. Thereby, an extensive effort was made to define model input assumptions (building construction, weather data, internal gains) based on actual circumstances in reality. The results of the study suggest that calculated (energy certificate) and simulated heating loads were reasonably close to actual values, whereas in case of cooling loads considerable discrepancies were observed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Building Heating and Cooling"

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Dong, Bing. "Integrated Building Heating, Cooling and Ventilation Control." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2010. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/4.

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Current research studies show that building heating, cooling and ventilation energy consumption account for nearly 40% of the total building energy use in the U.S. The potential for saving energy through building control systems varies from 5% to 20% based on recent market surveys. In addition, building control affects environmental performances such as thermal, visual, air quality, etc., and occupancy such as working productivity and comfort. Building control has been proven to be important both in design and operation stages. Building control design and operation need consistent and reliable static and dynamic information from multiple resources. Static information includes building geometry, construction and HVAC equipment. Dynamic information includes zone environmental performance, occupancy and outside weather information during operation.. At the same time, model-based predicted control can help to optimize energy use while maintaining indoor set-point temperature when occupied. Unfortunately, several issues in the current approach of building control design and operation impede achieving this goal. These issues include: a) dynamic information data such as real-time on-site weather (e.g., temperature, wind speed and solar radiation) and occupancy (number of occupants and occupancy duration in the space) are not readily available; b) a comprehensive building energy model is not fully integrated into advanced control for accuracy and robustness; c) real-time implementation of indoor air temperature control are rare. This dissertation aims to investigate and solve these issues based on an integrated building control approach. This dissertation introduces and illustrates a method for integrated building heating, cooling and ventilation control to reduce energy consumption and maintain indoor temperature set-point, based on the prediction of occupant behavior patterns and weather conditions. Advanced machine learning methods including Adaptive Gaussian Process, Hidden Markov Model, Episode Discovery and Semi-Markov Model are modified and implemented into this dissertation. A nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) is designed and implemented in real-time based on Dynamic Programming. The experiment test-bed is setup in the Solar Decathlon House (2005), with over 100 sensor points measuring indoor environmental parameters such as temperature, relative humidity, CO2, lighting, motion and acoustics, and power consumption for electrical plugs, HVAC and lighting. The outdoor environmental parameters, such as temperature, relative humidity, CO2, global horizontal solar radiation and wind speed, are measured by the on-site weather station. The designed controller is implemented through LabVIEW. The experiments are carried out for two continuous months in the heating season and for a week in cooling season. The results show that there is a 26% measured energy reduction in the heating season compared with the scheduled temperature set-points, and 17.8% energy reduction in the cooling season. Further simulation-based results show that with tighter building façade, the cooling energy reduction could reach 20%. Overall, the heating, cooling and ventilation energy reduction could reach nearly 50% based on this integrated control approach for the entire heating/cooling testing periods compared to the conventional scheduled temperature set-point.
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Saman, Namir Fathullah. "Analysis of building heating and cooling requirements after shutdown." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184867.

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The heating and cooling requirements after a shutdown period of the heating ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems in buildings are studied through an analytical model. The parameters affecting the preconditioning and storage loads which are of particular importance are identified. A mathematical computer model is developed to facilitate the analysis of the shutdown loads. Zones are grouped in terms of heavy, medium and light weight construction for the study. For a specified zone, the ratio of the inside surface area to the outside exposed area, A(s)/A(w), is an important parameter in predicting the additional loads resulting from system shutdown. The computer model is validated with known computer programs, namely DOE-2, BLAST, and DARE-P. A simplification to the model is proved to be adequate for the study. The zones with similar weight characteristics and the same A(s)/A(w) ratio, prove to have the same temperature profiles during the shutdown period, provided that they are at the same ambient conditions. Design guidance and procedures for predicting the preconditioning and storage loads using the models are developed. In addition, the use of DOE-2 and ASHRAE weighting factor method for shutdown load predictions is demonstrated for generic and custom applications.
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Afroz, Zakia. "Performance improvement of building heating, cooling and ventilation systems." Thesis, Afroz, Zakia (2019) Performance improvement of building heating, cooling and ventilation systems. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2019. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/54931/.

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Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems are responsible for a substantial share of the energy consumed in commercial buildings. Energy used by HVAC systems has increased over the years due to its broader application in response to the growing demand for better thermal comfort within the built environment. While existing case studies demonstrate the energy saving potential of efficient HVAC operation, there is a lack of studies quantifying energy savings from optimal operation of HVAC systems when considering indoor environmental conditions. This research aims to improve the performance of HVAC systems by optimizing its energy consumption without compromising indoor environmental conditions. The concept of maintaining indoor environmental conditions poses new challenges to the optimal operation of HVAC systems. While the primary objective of ensuring optimal operation is to minimize energy consumption, controlling the indoor environmental parameters, e.g., temperature, humidity, the level of carbon dioxide (CO2), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to remain within the acceptable range imposes excess energy use. These two conflicting objectives constitute a multi-variable constrained optimization problem that has been solved using a particle swarm algorithm (PSO). A real-time predictive model has been developed for individual indoor environmental parameters and HVAC energy consumption using Nonlinear Autoregressive Exogenous (NARX) neural network (NN). During model development, efforts have been paid to optimize the performance of the model in terms of complexity, prediction results, and ease of application to a real system. The proposed predictive models are then optimized to provide an optimal control setting for HVAC systems taking into account seasonal variations. An extensive case study analysis has been performed in a real commercial building to demonstrate the effectiveness of developing predictive models and evaluating the relevance of integrating indoor air quality (IAQ) within the optimization problem. Results show that it is possible to minimize 7.8% energy consumption from HVAC systems without compromising indoor environmental conditions. This study demonstrates that the proposed optimal control settings maintain the indoor environment within the acceptable limit of thermal comfort conditions (indoor air temperature between 19.60 to 28.20C and indoor air humidity between 30 to 65 %RH as per ASHRAE Standard 55-2017) and air quality (CO2 ≤ 800 ppm and VOC ≤ 1000ppm as per Australian Standard AS 1668.2 2016). The outcomes of this research will act as a guideline for energy management practices, not only for energy efficient building design and retrofitting but also for building energy performance analysis. This research provides insight into the aspects that affect the performance of predictive models for indoor temperature. The proposed feature selection approach establishes its efficacy to determine salient and independent input parameters without compromising prediction performance. The application of this approach will minimize the measurement and data storing cost of variables. Further, using fewer numbers of input parameters in the model will reduce the computational cost and time. Thus, the proposed model establishes its applicability in a real system for a more extended period of advanced prediction. In addition, the need to better account for building-occupant interactions as an important step to maintain a healthy indoor environment has been recognized through evaluating a real-life demand control (DCV) system. Lastly, the proposed optimization approach, where four defined environmental parameters are considered simultaneously presents a new outlook within the HVAC control system by eliminating the unseen interface between thermal comfort and IAQ. Overall, this unexploited potential to simultaneously improve the performance of HVAC systems and indoor environmental conditions drives the discussion on reconsidering the set-point configuration standards of HVAC in commercial buildings, either as part of individual building retrofit planning or as part of building regulatory applications.
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Buker, Mahmut Sami. "Building integrated solar thermal collectors for heating & cooling applications." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/29009/.

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International Energy Agency Solar Heating & Cooling (IEA SHC) programme states the fact that space/water heating and cooling demand account for over 75% of the energy consumed in single and multi-family homes. Solar energy technology can meet up to 100% of this demand depending on the size of the system, storage capacity, the heat load and the region’s climate. Solar thermal collectors are particular type of heat extracting devices that convert solar radiation into thermal energy through a transport medium or flowing fluid. Although hybrid PV/T or thermal-alone systems offer some advantages to improve the solar heat utilisation, there are a few technical challenges found in these systems in practice that prevented wide-scale applications. These technical drawbacks include being expensive to make and install, inability of switching already-built photovoltaic (PV) systems into PV/T systems, architectural design etc. The aims of this project, therefore, were to investigate roof integrated solar thermal roof collectors that properly blend into surrounding thus avoiding ‘add on’ appearance and having a dual function (heat absorption and roofing). Another objective was to address the inherent technical pitfalls and practical limitations of conventional solar thermal collectors by bringing unique, inexpensive, maintenance free and easily adaptable solutions. Thus, in this innovative research, unique and simple building integrated solar thermal roof collectors have been developed for heating & cooling applications. The roof systems which mainly based on low cost and structurally unique polyethylene heat exchanger are relatively cost effective, competitive and developed by primarily exploiting components and techniques widely available on the market. The following objectives have been independently achieved via evaluating three aspects of investigations as following: • Investigation on the performance of poly heat exchanger underneath PV units • Investigation on the performance of a Building Integrated PV/T Roof ‘Invisible’ Collector combined with a liquid desiccant enhanced indirect evaporative cooling system • Investigation on the build-up and performance test of a novel ‘Sandwich’ solar thermal roof for heat pump operation These works have been assessed by means of computer simulation, laboratory and field experimental work and have been demonstrated adequately. The key findings from the study confirm the potential of the examined technology, and elucidate the specific conclusions for the practice of such systems. The analysis showed that water temperature within the poly heat exchanger loop underneath PV units could reach up to 36°C and the system would achieve up to 20.25% overall thermal efficiency. Techno-economic analysis was carried out by applying the Life Cycle Cost (LCC) method. Evaluations showed that the estimated annual energy savings of the overall system was 10.3 MWh/year and the cost of power generation was found to be £0.0622 per kWh. The heat exchanger loop was coupled with a liquid desiccant enhanced indirect evaporative cooling unit and experimental results indicated that the proposed system could supply about 3 kW of heating and 5.2 kW of cooling power. Lastly, the results from test of a novel solar thermal collector for heat pump operation presented that the difference in water temperature could reach up to 18°C while maximum thermal efficiency found to be 26%. Coefficient Performance of the heat pump (COPHP) and overall system (COPSYS) averages were attained as COPHP=3.01 and COPSYS=2.29, respectively. An economic analysis pointed a minimum payback period of about 3 years for the system.
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Jerome, David. "Building load analysis and graphical display as a design tool." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16410.

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Weber, Eric Dean. "Modeling and general optimization of commercial building chiller/cooling tower systems." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16874.

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Dimitrokali, Elisavet. "Environmental performance evaluation of heating and cooling between sustainable and conventional office building." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2015. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/12705/.

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term environmental performance effectiveness of heating and cooling systems between ‘sustainable’ and conventional office buildings. The key research question that this study tried to answear is, ‘To what extent do sustainable office buildings remain sustainable in the long run?’ On this basis, two hypotheses (HP) were tested:  HP1: Sustainable buildings remain sustainable in the long run.  HP2: Current indicators fulfil the role for determining long term sustainability. From the sustainability point of view, this study focused only on the environmental aspect. The word ‘sustainable’ has been used for identifying office buildings where environmental aspects have been taken into consideration through sustainability approaches. In order to address the first hypothesis, initially this study used a case study comparison approach to compare ‘sustainable’ with conventional office buildings, by comparing building design and heating-cooling system characteristics. This helped to raise understanding of the environmental characteristics that classify an office building as sustainable. Two case studies were used:  The first case study comparison consists of a new ‘sustainable’ BREEAM excellent certified office building from 2009 and a conventional office building from the 1960s that had no refurbishments.  The second case study comparison consists of a refurbished ‘sustainable’ BREEAM excellent certified office building compared to a conventional office building from the 1950s that had an upgrade in the heating system. The study then focused on assessing the current environmental performance of heating and cooling between the case study buildings. Therefore Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) methods were used including site visits, interviews, recording of heating and cooling systems, collection of heating-cooling consumption data, conducting thermographic surveys, applying Heating Degree Data (HDD) Evaluation and undertaking Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). LCA has played a key role in evaluating the long run environmental performance of heating and cooling systems. The LCA evaluated two performance indicators: a) energy consumption of heating and cooling for 2 years of operation and b) the raw-material consumption of heating and cooling system production. Further, hypothetical long run scenarios were developed to consider the consequences of the existing operational and embodied raw-material emissions in the long run. Sensitivity LCA analysis was also used in order to evaluate the environmental impacts of alternative scenarios of different low/zero carbon technologies if they were installed in the case study buildings. Uncertainty analysis was used to assess the significance of uncertainty in the data evaluated. The key outcome of this study was the need for developing a new Sustainability Indicator that can be used to support environment decision making in evaluating the long run environmental performance of heating and cooling systems in office buildings. The new indicator brings together all the research methods used in this study by developing further the existing energy indicator already integrated in existing Sustainable Assessment Methods (SAMs) and by developing a new indicator for raw-materials of heating and cooling systems. Suggestions for their integration on existing SAMs are also discussed. Finally the study ends with key conclusions and suggestions for further research.
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Swann, Barbara. "Establishing design criteria for the incorporation of highly glazed spaces into the domestic building envelope." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1996. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4033.

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This thesis investigates the design of domestic glazed spaces in the United Kingdom, by studying the effect of a range of variables on the thermal properties of glazed spaces, in order to achieve a thermally comfortable environment while minimising the use of energy for heating and cooling. Earlier research work on domestic glazed spaces has concentrated on optimising the design of the space as a mechanism for reducing the space heating load of the parent house. Computer based dynamic thermal simulation is used in this study as the method of assessment and the variables tested are; glazing type, orientation and the degree of integration of the glazed space with the parent building. Unshaded, unventilated, and unheated, glazed spaces were found to be thermally comfortable for only a quarter to a third of the hours of possible use whatever the form, orientation or glazing type. Generally the higher the insulating value of the glazing the fewer the number of comfortable hours for all orientations and arrangements, due to discomfort being caused by high temperatures, even though the weather data used for the simulations only rose above 27'C for 25 hours during the course of the year. Further studies showed that significant reductions in the number of hours experiencing high temperatures could be achieved by the use of buoyancy driven ventilation. The studies indicated that glazed spaces integrated into the house plan tended to experience high temperatures for long periods but that the peak temperatures were much lower than those experienced for shorter periods in the exposed spaces. The effect of ventilation on overheating was therefore more marked in the integral than in the exposed glazed spaces. A study of the effects of roof shading blinds indicated that internal blinds had minimal effect in reducing high temperatures. External blinds had a greater effect than ventilation and a combination of external roof blinds and ventilation appears to provide the best strategy for the control of high temperatures. Studies on space heating loads for the houses and glazed spaces indicated wide variations in the heating loads of the glazed spaces depending predominantly on the insulating properties of the glazing. In terms of the reduction in the space heating load for the parent house, the thermal simulation results predict very little change due to the presence of the glazed space. A study on the effect of increasing the thermal storage properties of the floor construction of the glazed spaces, by substituting a clay tile finish for the original thin carpet layer, in order to reduce high temperatures proved inconclusive with minimal changes in the number of comfortable hours experienced. An investigation of thermal comfort during the Winter indicated that low surface temperatures did not reduce resultant temperatures below the lower limit of the comfortable range in the glazed spaces, during the heated period.
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Chan, Hoy-Yen. "Solar facades for heating and cooling in buildings." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12319/.

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The aim of this thesis is to study the energy performance of a building integrated heating and cooling system. The research objectives are to investigate the system operating characters, to develop mathematical models for the heating and cooling systems, to demonstrate the technologies experimentally, to identify the best designs for a combined system and to investigate the cost effectiveness of the system. The main components of the systems are the aluminium plate façade and the building wall behind it, these form a plenum between them and the air is then heated or cooled as it flows through this plenum. Mathematical models were developed based on the energy balance equations and solved by matrix inversion method. These models were then validated with experimental results. The experiments were carried out in the laboratory with a facade area of 2m2. Two designs of facade were tested, i.e. flat and transpired plates. Results showed that the transpired design gave better thermal performance; the system efficiency for the flat plate was only about 30%, whereas it was about 85% for the transpired plate. On the other hand, a cooling system with double plenums was found to be better than a single plenum. Thus, a transpired plate with two plenums was identified as the best design for space heating and cooling. The cooling efficiency was nearly 2.0 even at low solar radiation intensity. A simulation study was carried out by assuming a 40m2 of façade was installed on an office building in London. The yearly energy saving was estimated as 10,877kWh, which is equivalent to 5,874kgCO2/year of emission avoidance. The system is calculated to cost about £70/m2, and for a discount rate of 5% and 30 years of lifetime, the payback period for this system would be less than a years.
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Elzaidabi, Abdalla Ali Mohamed. "Low energy, wind catcher assisted indirect-evaporative cooling system for building applications." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10703/.

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Increased consciousness of the environmental problems has aroused people’s interest of renewable energy systems, especially the application of green features in buildings. The demand for air conditioning / cooling in domestic and non-domestic buildings is rising throughout the world; this increases the reliance on conventional fuels and the global warming effect from greenhouse gas emissions. Passive cooling and energy efficient design can substantially reduce reliance on fuel based heating and cooling. Passive and Hybrid Downdraught Cooling, in different forms, is now technically viable in many parts of the world. This has been established through a combination of research projects. In some hot arid regions, a major part of the energy consumed consists of air-conditioning requirements. Alternative methods, using passive cooling techniques, can assist in reducing the conventional energy consumption in buildings. Evaporative cooling, which can be tracked back several hundreds of years in ancient Egypt and Persia [1–3], is one of the most effective strategies, because of the enormous latent heat needed for evaporation of water. Green features are architectural features used to mitigate migration of various air-borne pollutants and transmission of air from outside to indoor environment in an advantageous way [9]. The reduction of fossil fuel consumption and the associated decrease in greenhouse gas emissions are vital to combat global warming and this can be accomplished, in part, by the use of natural ventilation. To assess the performance of several innovative cooling systems devices and to develop improved models for more established technology, quantitative measurement of output was necessary. This was achieved in this study by the development of simply constructed low energy cooling systems which were calibrated by the innovative use of wind and water as a source. These devices were found to be consistent and accurate in measuring the temperature and cooling load from a number of devices. There were some problems in the original evaporative units. Therefore, a number of modifications have to be made to enhance the systems performance. The novel Windcatcher – PEC cooling system was assessed and different cooling loads were achieved.
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Books on the topic "Building Heating and Cooling"

1

Trost, J. Efficient buildings: Heating and cooling. College Station, Tex: A-C Publications, 1987.

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Trost, J. Efficient buildings 2: Heating and cooling. Los Altos, Calif: Crisp Publications, 1990.

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Moore, Fuller. Environmental control systems: Heating cooling lighting. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.

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Environmental control systems: Heating, cooling, lighting. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.

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Redwood, Kardon, and Hansen Douglas, eds. Code check HVAC: A field guide to heating and cooling. 2nd ed. [Newtown, CT]: Taunton Press, 2005.

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Kreider, Jan F. Heating and cooling of buildings: Design for efficiency. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.

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Peter, Curtiss, and Rabl Ari 1942-, eds. Heating and cooling of buildings: Design for efficiency. 2nd ed. Boston, Mass: McGraw-Hill, 2002.

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Peter, Curtiss, and Rabl Ari, eds. Heating and cooling of buildings: Design for efficiency. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2010.

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1942-, Rabl Ari, ed. Heating and cooling of buildings: Design for efficiency. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994.

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Kreider, Jan F. Heating and cooling of buildings: Design for efficiency. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Building Heating and Cooling"

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Duraković, Benjamin. "Passive Solar Heating/Cooling Strategies." In PCM-Based Building Envelope Systems, 39–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38335-0_3.

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Sarbu, Ioan. "Solar Heating and Cooling Systems." In Advances in Building Services Engineering, 329–445. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64781-0_5.

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Imani, Negin, and Brenda Vale. "Parallels in Building Design." In Heating with Wolves, Cooling with Cacti, 143–85. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003081937-7.

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Imani, Negin, and Brenda Vale. "Thermal Issues and Building Design." In Heating with Wolves, Cooling with Cacti, 8–20. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003081937-2.

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Imani, Negin, and Brenda Vale. "Building Energy Use and Climate Change." In Heating with Wolves, Cooling with Cacti, 1–7. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003081937-1.

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Kranzl, Lukas, Marcus Hummel, Wolfgang Loibl, Andreas Müller, Irene Schicker, Agne Toleikyte, Gabriel Bachner, and Birgit Bednar-Friedl. "Buildings: Heating and Cooling." In Economic Evaluation of Climate Change Impacts, 235–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12457-5_13.

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Sarbu, Ioan. "Heat Pumps for Sustainable Heating and Cooling." In Advances in Building Services Engineering, 447–557. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64781-0_6.

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Imani, Negin, and Brenda Vale. "Biomimicry and Its Approaches to Energy-Efficient Building Design." In Heating with Wolves, Cooling with Cacti, 21–42. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003081937-3.

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Imani, Negin, and Brenda Vale. "Developing a Framework for Bio-Inspired Energy-Efficient Building Design." In Heating with Wolves, Cooling with Cacti, 233–44. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003081937-9.

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Barre, H. J., L. L. Sammet, and G. L. Nelson. "Estimating Heating and Cooling Loads." In Environmental and Functional Engineering of Agricultural Buildings, 78–96. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1443-1_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Building Heating and Cooling"

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ZHAO, Jianing, and Xin WEN. "Heating/cooling/power Load Characteristics In Chinese Severe Cold Region." In 2017 Building Simulation Conference. IBPSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2013.2060.

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YAN, Bin, and Ali MALKAWI. "A Bayesian Approach For Predicting Building Cooling And Heating Consumption." In 2017 Building Simulation Conference. IBPSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2013.1344.

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Li, Han, Tianzhen Hong, and Wanni Zhang. "Modeling and simulation of district heating and cooling systems using CityBES." In 2021 Building Simulation Conference. KU Leuven, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2021.30155.

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LE BERIGOT, Tangi, Marc FRERE, and Eric DUMONT. "Study Of Heating And Cooling Systems To Design Zero Energy Buildings." In 2017 Building Simulation Conference. IBPSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2013.2223.

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Kapetanakis, Dimitrios-Stavros, Eleni Mangina, El Hassan Ridouane, Konstantinos Kouramas, and Donal P. Finn. "Comparison of Predictive Models for Forecasting Building Heating And Cooling Loads." In 2015 Building Simulation Conference. IBPSA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2015.2335.

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Wystrcil, Dominik, and Doreen Kalz. "Comparison of Control Optimization Approaches for Low Exergy Heating And Cooling Systems." In 2015 Building Simulation Conference. IBPSA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2015.2487.

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Peng, Jinqing, Jacob Jonsson, Robert Hart, Dragan C. Curcija, and Stephen E. Selkowitz. "Parametric Study of Window Attachment Impacts on Building Heating/Cooling Energy Consumption." In 2017 Building Simulation Conference. IBPSA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2017.761.

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Jochum, Michael, Gokulakrishnan Murugesan, Kelly Kissock, and Kevin Hallinan. "Low Exergy Heating and Cooling in Residential Buildings." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54671.

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Exergy is destroyed when work is degraded by friction and turbulence and when heat is transferred through finite temperature differences. Typical HVAC systems use a combination of high quality energy from combustion and electricity to overcome relatively small temperature differences between the building and the environment. It is possible to achieve the heating/cooling necessary to maintain comfort in a building without these high quality energy sources and their high potential-energy destruction. A low-exergy heating and cooling system seeks to better match the quality of energy to the loads of the building and thus to minimize exergy destruction and increase the exergetic efficiency of the building’s heating and cooling system. The method described here for low exergy building system design begins by minimizing overall heating and cooling loads using a tight, highly-insulated envelope and passive solar design strategies. Next a low-exergy heating and cooling system is designed that uses hydronic radiant heating and cooling in floors, along with high thermal mass. The large surface area of the floors enable low fluid flow rates and relatively small temperature differences to achieve heat transfer rates that would traditionally be driven by high temperature differentials and flows. The building uses a solar wall to passively drive ventilation requirements and earth tubes to condition the ventilation air. High thermal mass in the floor reduces peak loads and eliminates the need for solar thermal storage tanks. Thus, this paper begins to explore the practical limits of low-exergy design.
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Tsamis, Alexandros, Theodorian Borca-Tascuic, and Youngjin Hwang. "An Ectothermic Approach to Heating and Cooling in Buildings." In 2020 ACSA Fall Conference. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.aia.fallintercarbon.20.31.

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The built environment is responsible for nearly 40% of global energy use, significantly contributing to carbon emissions. Targeting a carbon-negative future would require a rethinking of the way we heat and cool buildings, distancing ourselves from the predominant model for the building envelope as a boundary that excludes the weather and instead adopting alternatives that transform the building envelope to a mediator that actively regulates heat exchange. In this paper, we explore the potential for a building boundary that actively heats and cools a building by forming dynamic relationships with surroundings. Most decarbonizing efforts today focus on realizing net-zero operational carbon either via the production and distribution of renewable energy or via passive house strategies that target the reduction of the active energy demand. We propose a third alternative. Instead of an endothermic model for heating and cooling in which energy is brought in the interior, transformed by a mechanical system and then distributed, we propose an ectothermic envelope system that dynamically forms a relationship with its environment, by choosing to absorb or release heat directly from or to the environment. From a design perspective, we will show a modular building energy system, comprised of a double hydronic heating and cooling layer. In essence, we are developing for a building, the equivalent to a vascular system that can move liquids at different locations to thermo-regulate. We will show how this vascular system can use ambient heat as heating and cooling sources for a building. From a more technical perspective, since all simulation tools available today assume an endothermic approach, we will show an alternative using Modelica and co-simulation for simulating an ectothermic approach. We are developing a weather chamber, which can generate an artificial version of the weather from data to test how our system would dynamically respond.
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LE DENN, Amandine, Francois BOUDEHENN, Daniel MUGNIER, and Philippe PAPILLON. "A Simple Predesign Tool For Solar Cooling, Heating And Domestic Hot Water Production Systems." In 2017 Building Simulation Conference. IBPSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2013.2437.

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Reports on the topic "Building Heating and Cooling"

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Treado, Stephen J., and John W. Bean. The interaction of lighting, heating and cooling systems in buildings. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.4701.

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Treado, Stephen J. The interaction of lighting, heating and cooling systems in buildings - interim report. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.88-3860.

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Shrestha, Prateek, Andrew Speake, and Scott Horowitz. Heating and Cooling Energy Modeling of 3D-Printed Concrete Construction of Residential Buildings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1888498.

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Burch, D. M., G. N. Walton, B. A. Licitra, and K. Cavanaugh. Comparison of measured and predicted sensible heating and cooling loads for six test buildings. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.86-3399.

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Griggs, E., T. Sharp, and J. MacDonald. Guide for estimating differences in building heating and cooling energy due to changes in solar reflectance of a low-sloped roof. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5616880.

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Salyer, I. O., A. K. Sircar, and S. Dantiki. Advanced phase change materials and systems for solar passive heating and cooling of residential buildings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5246122.

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Johra, Hicham. Performance overview of caloric heat pumps: magnetocaloric, elastocaloric, electrocaloric and barocaloric systems. Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau467469997.

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Heat pumps are an excellent solution to supply heating and cooling for indoor space conditioning and domestic hot water production. Conventional heat pumps are typically electrically driven and operate with a vapour-compression thermodynamic cycle of refrigerant fluid to transfer heat from a cold source to a warmer sink. This mature technology is cost-effective and achieves appreciable coefficients of performance (COP). The heat pump market demand is driven up by the urge to improve the energy efficiency of building heating systems coupled with the increase of global cooling needs for air-conditioning. Unfortunately, the refrigerants used in current conventional heat pumps can have a large greenhouse or ozone-depletion effect. Alternative gaseous refrigerants have been identified but they present some issues regarding toxicity, flammability, explosivity, low energy efficiency or high cost. However, several non-vapour-compression heat pump technologies have been invented and could be promising alternatives to conventional systems, with potential for higher COP and without the aforementioned refrigerant drawbacks. Among those, the systems based on the so-called “caloric effects” of solid-state refrigerants are gaining large attention. These caloric effects are characterized by a phase transition varying entropy in the material, resulting in a large adiabatic temperature change. This phase transition is induced by a variation of a specific external field applied to the solid refrigerant. Therefore, the magnetocaloric, elastocaloric, electrocaloric and barocaloric effects are adiabatic temperature changes in specific materials when varying the magnetic field, uniaxial mechanical stress, electrical field or hydrostatic pressure, respectively. Heat pump cycle can be built from these caloric effects and several heating/cooling prototypes were developed and tested over the last few decades. Although not a mature technology yet, some of these caloric systems are well suited to become new efficient and sustainable solutions for indoor space conditioning and domestic hot water production. This technical report (and the paper to which this report is supplementary materials) aims to raise awareness in the building community about these innovative caloric systems. It sheds some light on the recent progress in that field and compares the performance of caloric systems with that of conventional vapour-compression heat pumps for building applications.
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Griggs, E. I., and G. E. Courville. Changes in the heating and cooling energy use in buildings due to lowering the surface solar absorptance of roofs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6367315.

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Yavuzturk, C. C., A. D. Chiasson, and T. P. Filburn. DEVELOPMENT OF A SOFTWARE DESIGN TOOL FOR HYBRID SOLAR-GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS IN HEATING- AND COOLING-DOMINATED BUILDINGS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1057066.

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Blum, Helcio, and Jayant Sathaye. Quantitative Analysis of the Principal-Agent Problem in Commercial Buildings in the U.S.: Focus on Central Space Heating and Cooling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/983799.

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