Relevant bibliographies by topics / Building Elements

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Building Elements'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Building Elements"

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Sitanggang, Fernanda, Shanty Silitonga, and Putri P. Napitupulu. "KAJIAN SKALA PADA BANGUNAN TRADISIONAL ANGKOLA (Studi Kasus : Museum GKPA, Silangge)." ALUR : Jurnal Arsitektur 2, no. 2 (October 3, 2019): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.54367/alur.v2i2.532.

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This research raises the scale study of traditional angkola buildings with a case study of the GKPA Museum, Silangge. This building consists of the elements making up the space, both indoor and outdoor. The building blocks in the building include: the head of the building (ni orbo horns, closed capillaries, dadap na tolu, and lisplank), the building body (doors, windows, vents, and poles), and the legs of the building (foundations, columns, and stairs). While the building elements outside the building include: buildings with supporting functions (Debora orphanage and Debora orphanage study room), Debora orphanage field, and some vegetation around the Angkola Museum. The scale that will be examined in this study is the human scale (human as a benchmark) of the elements forming the outer space of traditional Angkola buildings. The scale study will be carried out by analyzing the human scale of the building with a predetermined observation point. This study was classified in research that uses descriptive methods with qualitative analysis. Data analysis with descriptive analysis techniques that use benchmarks. Evaluation research that aims to assess the extent to which the variables studied are in accordance with predetermined benchmarks. The benefit of this research is finding a scale study found in Angkola's traditional building, whether the building is classified as good with the scale of the outer space that exists in the elements of the building's outer space.
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Halushko, Valentina, Alexandr Meneiliuk, and Stanislav Kyryliuk. "Determination of cracking causes in building structural elements." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 09038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125809038.

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The article deals with the problems of buildings built many years ago, in which current and major repairs were not carried out in an appropriate manner. At the same time, buildings experience various deformations, such as yield, heel, subsidence, deflections, bends, twists, distortions, horizontal displacements. The survey of residential buildings built in the 80s is described and the analysis of the results of the survey of one of these buildings is carried out. The theoretical problem of the distribution of moisture in depth and various degrees of soil moisture has been solved. The reasons for the appearance of cracks in structures and cracks between individual building elements are also determined. The survey of a 9-storey brick residential building, built in the late 80s, which is in the period of normal operation, is considered. At the same time, the considered building is operated with significant deviations from regulatory requirements. The causes of cracks in individual structures and cracks between individual elements in the building are found. The problem of the distribution of moisture in depth with local soaking is solved on the basis of a numerical method, and the character of soil moistening at different depths with different degrees of moistening and characteristics of the base soil is obtained.
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Aigbavboa, Clinton, and Wellington Didibhuku Thwala. "PERFORMANCE OF A GREEN BUILDING'S INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ON BUILDING OCCUPANTS IN SOUTH AFRICA." Journal of Green Building 14, no. 1 (January 2019): 131–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.14.1.131.

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Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) is important to the health, comfort, and well-being of building occupants. Unsatisfactory IEQ is associated with a number of phenomena, most notably, sick building syndrome (SBS), building-related illnesses (BRIs), and multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), which have major negative effects on productivity. However, green building investors (owners) are not only concerned about reducing the negative impact of their buildings on the environment, but also about the potentially negative impact green buildings can have on their employees' productivity. This research sets out to address, through a questionnaire survey in South Africa, what constitutes the determinants of green building occupants' satisfaction with the IEQ elements of a green building and the health implications of a building's IEQ on the building occupants. Data analysis (involving a one-sample t-test) reveals some interesting findings in regard to what constitutes the determinants of green building occupants' satisfaction with the IEQ elements and the health implications of the IEQ elements of a five-star green rated building in South Africa. Findings from the survey revealed that the occupants of the building were not satisfied with the green building's IEQ, most especially the ineffectiveness of blocking natural and artificial lighting. Also, it was revealed that the IEQ with particular reference to the noise level and ventilation of the space has some serious health implications for the building occupants. The occupants' evaluation revealed that the major health issues from which they suffer include fatigue, headache, common cold, coughing, and influenza, and these affect their productivity and performance. Since building occupants are a rich source of information about IEQ assessment and its effect on productivity, the study can be used to assess the performance of green buildings, identify areas needing improvement, and provide useful feedback to designers and operators about specific aspects of green building design features and operating strategies that need improvement. This study adds to the body of knowledge on green buildings' IEQ performance.
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Kumar C M, Ravi, Vimal Choudhary, K. S. Babu Narayan, and D. Venkat Reddy. "Moment Curvature Characteristics for Structural Elements of RC Building." Journal on Today's Ideas - Tomorrow's Technologies 2, no. 1 (June 10, 2014): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jotitt.2014.21002.

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D. Purba, I. Imran, M. Moestopo, A. Watanabe, T. Hikino, and D. Siringoringo. "Structures with Added Buckling Restrained Brace Elements." Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering 18, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.56748/ejse.182231.

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The number of high rise building has increased significantly as supporting infrastructure in many big cities in Indonesia. Most of the high rise buildings in Indonesia are constructed using reinforced concrete (r/c) moment resisting frame systems. However, due to the high seismicity of many of the regions of Indonesia, the use of moment resisting frames as single system, especially for tall buildings, are restricted. This structural system is in general quite flexible, and therefore excessive lateral drifts are experienced under seismic forces. In practice, adding buckling restrained brace (BRB) can be used to limit the lateral drift in high rise buildings. The objective of this paper is to present a study on the use of BRB elements in high rise r/c frame buildings to evaluate their seismic performance. In this paper, a 20 story office building located in a high seismicity region is modeled into two basic distinctions, i.e. building with BRB and without BRB. The adopted system of BRB is UBB (Unbonded Brace) type. The seismic response of the buildings is obtained by conducting non-linear time history analysis with seven scaled ground motions. Then, the performance of these buildings are evaluated and compared. Based on the findings, some recommendations are proposed for the use of BRB in the design of high rise r/c frame buildings located in regions with high seismicity.
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Ingeli, Rastislav, Katarína Minarovičová, and Miroslav Čekon. "Architectural Elements with Respect to the Energy Performance of Buildings." Advanced Materials Research 1020 (October 2014): 561–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1020.561.

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Buildings account for 40% of the primary energy use and 24%of the generation of green house gases worldwide. Therefore, a reduction of the specific energy demand of buildings and increased use of renewable energy are important measures of climate change mitigation. On the 18th of May 2010 a recast of the EPBD was approved which further clarifies the intention that buildings shall have a low energy demand. The recast of the EPBD specifies that by the end of 2020 all new buildings shall be “nearly zero-energy buildings”. A nearly zero-energy building is defined as a building with a very high energy performance and very simple shape. The current focusing on the energy efficiency of the building operation may lead to uniform cuboid architecture with heavy insulated building envelopes. The paper deals with the influence of energy concept on architectural elements (and their properties as shape, material, colour, texture etc.)
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Švigelj, Aleš, Marko Lazić, Alenka Fikfak, and Tomaž Novljan. "Does Building Identity Still Exist? Does The Building Identity Needs to be Redefined?" Igra ustvarjalnosti - Creativy Game 2023, no. 11 (December 5, 2023): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15292/iu-cg.2023.11.040-047.

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The article presents the redefinition of the continuity and visibility of the elements of building identity in recent buildings, in the context of the architectural regions and landscapes defined by Prof. Peter Fister in the 1990s. The mass of »self-build« interventions in the 1980s led to a break in the continuity of the transfer of traditional elements of the built heritage to new buildings - both at the level of the individual building and at the level of the settlement. The article describes the process of discovering and, with the help of modern software tools, evaluating those examples of recent construction where, despite the influence of various trends, it was possible to identify the preservation of traditional building identity elements. The research at the settlement and single building level was carried out in the area of Prebold in the Savinjsko-kozjanska architectural region, while the study of individual buildings included examples of good practice from the whole territory of Slovenia. At the same time, Fister’s »inventory cards« were upgraded in terms of content, which now more systematically define the position of the building within the settlement and its volumetric and planar visual elements, which are the carriers of identity.
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Kulikov, Vladimir, Olga Stafeeva, Grigoriy Belousov, and Svyatoslav Kulikov. "Formalization of automation for determining the amplitude-frequency characteristics of building elements." Construction and Architecture 11, no. 4 (October 5, 2023): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2308-0191-2023-11-4-13-13.

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The amplitude-frequency characteristics of vibrations of structural elements of buildings and structures are important design parameters when analyzing changes in the stress-strain state of a building during operation, including during surveys and monitoring of the technical condition of the building. Standardization of the method for determining the values of these parameters is carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 8.009 to ensure compliance with the requirements of GOST 31937 and GOST 32019. The vibrations of a building are a superposition of their own and forced vibrations caused by various internal (operation of household appliances and various technical systems of the building) and external (urban transport, construction sites, etc.) influences. To determine the values of the period, as a rule, the building's own vibrations are recorded, caused by the natural dynamic natural and man-made background of the city (if there is equipment sensitive to the levels of natural dynamic impact), therefore, no additional effects are exerted on the building during the measurement process. Industrial buildings are characterized by the presence and movement of heavy technological equipment inside buildings. Stresses during fluctuations have an alternating character, therefore they can cause fatigue of the material from which the structure is made. This, in turn, leads to the destruction of individual elements of the structure and, as a result, to accidents. The paper presents a dynamic calculation of the elements of the structure consisting of several stages: the dynamic characteristics of the nodes of the joints of the constructs with each other are determined; the dynamic degrees of freedom are determined; the theoretical calculation for vibrations is formalized.
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Hroncová, Darina, Alexander Gmiterko, Peter Frankovský, and Eva Dzurišová. "Building Elements of Bond Graphs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 816 (November 2015): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.816.339.

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The aim of the thesis is to describe of building elements Bond Graph methodology for modeling dynamic systems. Technique of Bond Graph methodology for modeling dynamic systems is demonstrated and its place in the process of modeling of mechanic and electric system and its behavior is discussed. The building elements of bond graphs as source effort and flow, capacitor, resistor, inductor, gyrator and transformer are described.
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Shapira, Aviad. "Octree Subdivision of Building Elements." Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering 7, no. 4 (October 1993): 439–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0887-3801(1993)7:4(439).

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Building Elements"

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Lyons, Richard. "Building elements of low sound insertion loss." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240349.

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Kienzl, Nico 1971. "Advanced building skins : translucent thermal storage elements." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67522.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 127-131).
Advances in the material sciences continue to provide designers with a wealth of new materials that challenge preconceived notions of the building envelope and its performance. These new technologies can be used to create new adaptable building skins and allow for an active interaction with the environment to reduce energy consumption in buildings. This thesis investigates the function of the building enclosure in relation to these new material developments and recent changes in the treatment of the building envelope. New glazing, insulation and thermal storage technologies are discussed in the context of their technical trajectories. Based on th is discussion of functions and technologies, a specific set of materials is selected and their combination into a facade panel is proposed. Th is new element is a layered facade component including electrochromic glazing, aerogel and a phase change material. The combination is analyzed for its potential as a translucent thermal storage wall in the context of American residential construction. Aspects of performance, integration and design are explored through calculations, experimental testing and the creation of scaled models and a prototype element. For this purpose an environmental test chamber has been built on MIT's campus to evaluate the performance of new facade elements. The result of this study shows the potential for such innovative facade concepts and points towards areas of future research to make such concepts technically and economically feasible. In particular, the need for better tools to evaluate the performance of such advanced skins is identified in order to achieve successful implementation of these new technologies and ideas.
by Nico Kienzl.
S.M.
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Bulut, Mehmet Börühan. "Building as active elements of energy systems." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Framtidens energi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-33317.

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Buildings account for approximately 40% of the energy demand and 33% of the total greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union. Accordingly, there are several efforts that target energy efficiency in buildings both at the European and Swedish levels. The role of buildings in climate change mitigation, however, is not limited to energy savings. Buildings are expected to become key elements of the future smart energy systems by supplying and using energy in a more flexible way. Reducing the energy demand in buildings effectively and shifting the role of buildings in energy systems from ‘passive’ consumers to ‘active’ prosumers, however, require close interaction and cooperation between the energy and buildings sectors. Based on the data collected from interviews and a web survey, this doctoral thesis investigates the relationship between the energy and buildings sectors in Sweden at the inter-company level, presents key stakeholder views on smart energy features in buildings and investigates the opportunities and barriers for their adoption in Sweden and Hong Kong. The results of this thesis suggest a potential for improving the cooperation between the Swedish energy and buildings sectors, which was identified to be influenced by the following factors: district heating monopolies; energy efficiency efforts in the buildings sector; unsuccessful technology-neutrality of the building regulations; self-generation systems in buildings; and energy use patterns. Shifting the focus from self-gains to mutual gains appears crucial to strengthen the inter-sectoral cooperation, as there are several opportunities for achieving mutually beneficial solutions for the two sectors. This would, however, require significant changes in current practices and business models as well as the introduction of new technologies, which would allow for a more flexible energy supply and use. Accordingly, technologies that target flexible energy use in buildings are considered the most important smart energy features in buildings. The current high costs of technologies, such as home automation and smart electrical appliances, however, create the strongest barrier to adoption. Therefore, the introduction of new business and ownership models and the elimination of the institutional and regulatory barriers are crucial to achieve a wide-scale development of smart energy features in buildings. The results from Hong Kong suggest that institutional and regulatory barriers can particularly create strong hinders to the adoption of technologies. It is possible to achieve more sustainable energy systems, where buildings are active elements of networks that supply and use energy in a more flexible and ‘smarter’ way. Cooperation between the energy and buildings sectors can play a key role in the adoption of smart energy features in buildings and pave the way for the smart built environment of the future.
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Berggren, Hampus. "The use of higher steel grades in building elements." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-83488.

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Structural steel is one of the main building materials used commercial. Its strength is its formality and high yield strength which allows less material overall. Steel is often divided into steel grades such as S275, S355, S420 and so forth. The purpose of this thesis is to look at the strength and weaknesses of the different steel grades and how the area gets effected by higher steel grades. This is done by looking at a real life project where only S355 is used and optimizing for S355, S420 and S460. This is done to shred some light on how much of an improvement the upgrade of steel grade may allow. For each steel grade an optimized cross section is created with the goal of having the lowest area possible. The difference in area for the optimized beams will act as the benchmarking for projected reductions. This optimization is done with the help of Python and follows Eurocode. When looking at the case study, the projected weight reduction is 4,2% for S420 and 7,2% for S460 compared to S355. This reduction is higher on some beams and lower on others. The main driving force for the higher reduced beams is the possibility to utilize more than one type of load condition, example both momentand shear force. Out of the 12 beams, beam 10 have the highest reduction between S355 and S420 which land around 10%. Between S355 and S460 Beam 12 comesin at a area reduction of 14%. As the higher steel grades have a higher equivalent CO2 emission the reduction of equivalent CO2 is lower than the area reduction. The projected reduction of equivalent CO2 for a switch from S355 to S420 is 3,3% and the reduction between S355 and S460 are 5,0%
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Coyle, Neil Robert. "Development of fully composite steel-concrete-steel beam elements." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270046.

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Steel-Concrete-Steel (SCS) composite construction consists of two relatively thin steel plates with the space between filled with concrete. Various forms of this construction exist, using overlapping shear studs and single bar connectors to provide shear reinforcement to the concrete and provide a shear transfer at the interface. The problem with current systems that rely purely upon shear studs or bar connectors is that they are prone to slip between the steel faceplates and concrete core. This slip leads to a loss of composite action causing a loss of stiffness and a reduced fatigue life. An extensive experimental programme consisting of 32 beam specimens and 34 other small scale specimens formed the basis for the study of the behaviour of surfaced SCS specimens under a variety of load conditions. The results of this test program showed that surfaced SCS specimens behaved in a more composite manner. This increase in composite action manifested itself in a number of ways. • Reduced slip between steel plate and concrete core • Increased stiffness of specimen • More even crack distribution This extensive experimental study was backed up with an analytical study to understand and predict the behaviour of the surfaced SCS elements. This study has led to a new method of predicting the capacity of such sections, to a greater degree of accuracy than current methods allow. Further to this a FE parametric study was carried out to investigate the sensitivity of the elements to changes in the main geometrical and material variables.
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Magnusson, Johan. "Structural concrete elements subjected to air blast loading." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Byggvetenskap, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4441.

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Lester, Martin Richard. "Selective intensimetry for the measurement of sound radiation from building elements." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294022.

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Kaya, Semiha, and Delvin Salim. "Shear Stiffness and Capacity of Joints Between Precast Wall Elements." Thesis, KTH, Betongbyggnad, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209347.

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In this thesis an investigation of the shear stiffness and capacity of joints between pre- fabricated concrete elements regarding to different material properties is reported. Two different models of shear key joints, connected to prefabricated walls, were cre- ated in the non-linear finite element software, ATENA 3D, with the aim to estimate a realistic behaviour of the joints regarding to the external loads.
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Marín, Sáez Julia. "Design, Construction and Characterization of Holographic Optical Elements for Building-Integrated Concentrating Photovoltaics." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669230.

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El principal objectiu d'aquesta tesi és el disseny, construcció i caracterització d'un sistema de concentració solar format per dues lents cilíndriques hologràfiques i una cèl•lula fotovoltaica de silici per integració arquitectònica en façanes. L'ús d'Elements Òptics Hologràfics (EOHs) en lloc d'elements refractius o miralls suposa avantatges com la selectivitat cromàtica i la facilitat d'integració en façanes. D'altra banda, cal fer seguiment en una direcció. Els EOHs han estat dissenyats de manera que s'acobla l'espectre solar amb la resposta espectral de la cèl•lula per obtenir una concentració òptica màxima en el rang espectral desitjat i per tant, corrent elèctrica màxima. S'ha desenvolupat un algoritme de traçat de raigs basat en la Teoria d'Ones Acoblades per analitzar local i globalment EOHs i sistemes hologràfics. Les simulacions han estat validades amb resultats experimentals de EOHs registrats a fotopolímer Bayfol HX. També s'han estudiat EOHs que operen en el règim de transició entre el règim de Bragg i el de Raman-Nath, observant els avantatges que ofereix per a aplicacions d'il•luminació amb espectre ample.
El principal objetivo de esta tesis es el diseño, construcción y caracterización de un sistema de concentración solar formado por dos lentes cilíndricas holográficas y una célula fotovoltaica de Silicio para integración arquitectónica en fachada. El uso de Elementos Ópticos Holográficos (EOHs) en lugar de elementos refractivos o espejos supone ventajas como la selectividad cromática y la facilidad de integración en fachada. Por otro lado, es necesario realizar seguimiento en una dirección. Los EOHs han sido diseñados de forma que se acopla el espectro solar con la respuesta espectral de la célula para obtener una concentración óptica máxima en el rango espectral deseado y por lo tanto, corriente eléctrica máxima. Se ha desarrollado un algoritmo de trazado de rayos basado en la Teoría de Ondas Acopladas para analizar local y globalmente EOHs y sistemas holográficos. Las simulaciones han sido validadas con resultados experimentales de EOHs registrados en fotopolímero Bayfol HX. También se han estudiado EOHs que operan en el régimen de transición entre el régimen de Bragg y el de Raman-Nath, observándose las ventajas que ofrece para aplicaciones de iluminación con espectro ancho.
The main objective of this thesis is the design, construction and characterization of a solar concentrating system formed by two cylindrical holographic lenses and a Silicon PV cell for the scope of façade building integration. The use of Holographic Optical Elements (HOEs) instead of refractive or reflective elements implies advantages such as chromatic selectivity and ease of integration on a façade. On the other hand, tracking is necessary in one direction. The HOEs have been designed to couple the solar spectrum with the spectral response of the PV cell in order to provide maximal optical concentration on the target spectral range and therefore maximal electrical current. A ray-tracing algorithm based on Coupled Wave Theory has been developed to locally and globally analyze HOEs and holographic systems. Simulations have been validated with experimental results of HOEs recorded on Bayfol HX photopolymer. HOEs operating in the transition regime between the Bragg regime and Raman-Nath regime have also been studied, showing the promising advantages it offers for broadband spectrum illumination applications.
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Gaiotti, Regina. "Interactive effects of non-structural elements on the behaviour of tall building structures." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39225.

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The lateral stiffening effects of cladding and partition walls, which are usually unaccounted for in a building structure's design, are investigated in this research project. Direct and iterative, linear elastic finite element analyses of representative modules of these components and their supporting primary structure were performed. These were used to study their general lateral load behaviour, and to establish their modes of interaction and induced forces. As a result, new and practical analogous strut models have been devised to allow their incorporation in, and the analysis of, the total building structure. The strut models permitted the effects of the non-structural elements' interaction on the static and dynamic responses of tall building structures to be studied. The ultimate objective of this work has been to contribute towards the development of new procedures of analysis and design of building structures braced by precast concrete cladding panels and non-loadbearing concrete blockwork walls.
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Books on the topic "Building Elements"

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Ferreira, Cláudia, Ana Silva, Jorge de Brito, and Inês Flores-Colen. Maintainability of Building Envelope Elements. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14767-8.

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Masferrer, Ramon Ripoll. Elements de la casa tradicional. Figueres: Brau edicions, 2016.

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Loken, Steve. Guide to resource efficient building elements. Missoula, Mont: The Center for Resourceful Building Technology, 1991.

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Institution, British Standards. Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements. London: British Standards Institution, 1987.

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Institution, British Standards. Acoustics: Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements. London: B.S.I., 1997.

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Institution, British Standards. Guide to durability of buildings and building elements, products and components. London: B.S.I., 1992.

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Institution, British Standards. Acoustics: Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements. London: B.S.I., 1997.

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Green, Dan. The elements: The building blocks of the Universe. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2012.

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Steve, Loken, Miner Rod, Mumma Tracy, and Center for Resourceful Building Technology (Missoula, Mont.), eds. A Reference guide to resource efficient building elements. 4th ed. Missoula, Mont: Center for Resourceful Building Technology, 1994.

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Building Officials and Code Administrators International., ed. Guidelines for determining fireresistance ratings of building elements. Country Club Hills, Ill: Building Officials and Code Administrators International, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Building Elements"

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Ambrose, James. "Elements." In Building Construction, 31–60. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6577-2_4.

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Hetreed, Jonathan, Ann Ross, and Charlotte Baden-Powell. "Building elements." In Architect's Pocket Book, 271–301. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003357995-5.

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Koch, Grady. "Building Elements." In Learn Engineering with LEGO, 59–97. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-9280-8_3.

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Stone, Peter Allen. "The Natural Elements." In Building Embodiment, 9–20. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003204060-3.

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Rojas, Carlos. "Custom Elements." In Building Native Web Components, 23–30. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-5905-4_2.

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Ambrose, James. "Construction Elements." In Building Construction and Design, 83–163. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6583-3_7.

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Chudley, Roy, Roger Greeno, and Karl Kovac. "Internal elements." In Chudley and Greeno’s Building Construction Handbook, 580–622. 12th edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429027130-18.

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Kovac, Karl, Roger Greeno, and Roy Chudley. "Internal elements." In Chudley and Greeno's Building Construction Handbook, 540–80. 13th ed. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003392996-18.

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Leeflang, Peter S. H., Dick R. Wittink, Michel Wedel, and Philippe A. Naert. "Elements of model building." In International Series in Quantitative Marketing, 49–83. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4050-2_5.

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Frisbie, Matt. "Fundamental Elements of Browser Extensions." In Building Browser Extensions, 17–42. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-8725-5_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Building Elements"

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CLOUGH, RH. "LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS OF THE SOUND INSULATION OF BUILDING ELEMENTS INCLUDING FLANKING." In Sound Insulation of Buildings and Building Elements 1986. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/22283.

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CRAIK, RJM. "A GUIDE TO FLANKING TRANSMISSION." In Sound Insulation of Buildings and Building Elements 1986. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/22285.

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ANANI, J., A. PEYVANDI, J. ROBERTS, and M. VUILLERMOZ. "EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTY-WALL SOUND INSULATION AGAINST AIRBORNE AND IMPACT NOISE FROM STAIRWELLS AND CORRIDORS IN NEWLY CONVERTED DWELLINGS." In Sound Insulation of Buildings and Building Elements 1986. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/22279.

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UTLEY, WA, and JW SARGENT. "NOISE REDUCTION OF DWELLINGS AGAINST TRAFFIC NOISE." In Sound Insulation of Buildings and Building Elements 1986. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/22289.

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ROYLE, P. "THE EFFECT OF LEAKAGE ON THE SOUND INSULATION OF PLASTERBOARD CONSTRUCTIONS." In Sound Insulation of Buildings and Building Elements 1986. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/22281.

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JONES, PE. "THE SOUND INSULATION OF PLASTERBOARD-MINERAL WOOL LAMINATES FIXED TO MASONRY WALLS." In Sound Insulation of Buildings and Building Elements 1986. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/22282.

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SAVAGE, JE, and LC FOTHERGILL. "REDUCTION OF NOISE NUISANCE FROM FOOTSTEPS ON STAIRS AND SLAMMED DOORS." In Sound Insulation of Buildings and Building Elements 1986. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/22280.

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KERRY, G., and C. INMAN. "THE PROBLEMS OF USING SINGLE FIGURE INDICES TO DESCRIBE THE ACOUSTIC PERFORMANCE OF TRADITIONAL AND NEWLY DEVELOPED WINDOWS." In Sound Insulation of Buildings and Building Elements 1986. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/22278.

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CARMAN, TA, and LC FOTHERGILL. "MEASUREMENT OF FLANKING TRANSMISSION BETWEEN DWELLINGS." In Sound Insulation of Buildings and Building Elements 1986. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/22287.

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HAMITON, WN, and RK MCGLAUGHLIN. "SOUND INSULATION OF PUGGED FLOORS IN RENOVATED TENEMENT DWELLINGS." In Sound Insulation of Buildings and Building Elements 1986. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/22288.

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Reports on the topic "Building Elements"

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Johra, Hicham. Thermal properties of building materials - Review and database. Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau456230861.

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The aim of this technical report is to present and give an overview of a dataset collecting the main thermo-physical properties of various common construction and building materials used in the built environment and composing elements of buildings and infrastructures. In addition, suggestions and recommendations are made for the thermo-physical properties of the materials composing the indoor content and furniture elements present in the built environment.
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Heredia, Michael D. Building a Campaign: The Essential Elements of Operational Design. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada300759.

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Johra, Hicham. Thermal properties of common building materials. Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau294603722.

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The aim of this technical report is to provide a large collection of the main thermos-physical properties of various common construction materials and materials composing the elements inside the indoor environment of residential and office buildings. The Excel file enclosed with this document can be easily used to find thermal properties of materials for building energy and indoor environment simulation or to analyze experimental data. Note: A more recent version of that report and database are available at: https://vbn.aau.dk/en/publications/thermal-properties-of-building-materials-review-and-database
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Witzig, Andreas, Camilo Tello, Franziska Schranz, Johannes Bruderer, and Matthias Haase. Quantifying energy-saving measures in office buildings by simulation in 2D cross sections. Department of the Built Environment, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau541623658.

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A methodology is presented to analyse the thermal behaviour of buildings with the goal to quantify energy saving measures. The solid structure of the building is modelled with finite elements to fully account for its ability to store energy and to accurately predict heat loss through thermal bridges. Air flow in the rooms is approximated by a lumped element model with three dynamical nodes per room. The dynamic model also contains the control algorithm for the HVAC system and predicts the net primary energy consumption for heating and cooling of the building for any time period. The new simulation scheme has the advantage to avoid U-values and thermal bridge coefficients and instead use well-known physical material parameters. It has the potential to use 2D and 3D geometries with appropriate automatic processing from BIM models. Simulations are validated by comparison to IDA ICE and temperature measurement. This work aims to discuss novel approaches to disseminating building simulation more widely.
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Johra, Hicham. Project CleanTechBlock 2 Thermal conductivity measurement of cellular glass samples. Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau307323438.

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The goal of the project CleanTechBlock 2 is to develop and test a durable and sustainable construction wall element which complies with the building regulations of 2020, and has a certain aesthetics attractiveness. The CleanTechBlock (CTB) prefabricated elements consist of cellular glass insulation blocks mounted in between two layers of brick masonry [1] [2]. The aim of this technical document is to report the results of the different experimental investigations performed on the CTB and other commercial cellular glass samples to determined their thermal conductivity. These experimental investigations have been carried out at the Laboratory of Building Energy and Indoor Environment at the Department of Civil Engineering of Aalborg University (Denmark).
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Galata, Monenus Hundara. EPRDF’s State-building Approach: Responsive or Unresponsive? Fribourg (Switzerland): IFF, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.51363/unifr.diff.2016.22.

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State-building establishes state-nation(s) [the state that makes diversity and democracy possible] as opposed to nation-building [which urges to create one nation (nation-state) without due consideration of diversity]. Through the institutional, policy and politico-psychological innovations, state-building is geared to accommodate diversity and ensure democratic good governance. In this regard, federal governance has the potential to do so as it combines elements of shared-rule and regional self-rule. Since 1991, Ethiopia has been in the track of state-building project experimenting identity-based federal model on one hand and lavishly adding (un) responsive strategies. This paper argues responsive state-building strategies consolidate federal democracy; foster culture of accommodating and managing diversity; strengthens federal decentralization and resolves conflict in Ethiopia. To the contrary, the paper challenges any unresponsive state-building approach that emanate from government’s ideology, policy, practice on one hand and unconstitutional ways of peoples’ reaction to the state.
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Johra, Hicham. Simple uncertainty budget and assessment with the Kragten method: Examples for building physics. Department of the Built Environment, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau633631860.

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The aim of this lecture note is to present and exemplify the Kragten method to calculate the combined uncertainty (uncertainty budget) of a measurand from the standard uncertainty estimates of individual inputs of that measurand, and the mathematical formulation of that measurand. If these two elements are not available, the Kragten method cannot be applied. The method also provides sensitivity (significance) assessment of the different components (inputs) in the combined uncertainty budget. The Kragten method for uncertainty calculation is very simple yet a robust and accurate alternative to the more complex GUM or Monte Carlo simulation methods. It can be performed with a simple spreadsheet tool (e.g., MS Excel) with minimum risks of mistakes. This method is adequate for the field of building physics, energy in buildings and indoor environmental engineering. This lecture note also provides examples of uncertainty calculations (budgets) for common measurands and metrics in the field of building physics, energy in buildings and indoor environmental engineering. These examples are attached to the present lecture note document (Excel spreadsheet documents). One should note that this lecture note does not cover the process of estimating the standard uncertainty of the individual inputs of the measurand. Those standard uncertainties should be obtained from technical documentation, models, or estimates from measurements (e.g., 1σ standard deviation of a set of repeated measurements on measurand that is assumed to remain constant over the monitoring period), and converted into standard uncertainties (1σ confidence interval assuming a normal probability distribution or the errors).
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Paule, Bernard, Flourentzos Flourentzou, Tristan de KERCHOVE d’EXAERDE, Julien BOUTILLIER, and Nicolo Ferrari. PRELUDE Roadmap for Building Renovation: set of rules for renovation actions to optimize building energy performance. Department of the Built Environment, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau541614638.

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In the context of climate change and the environmental and energy constraints we face, it is essential to develop methods to encourage the implementation of efficient solutions for building renovation. One of the objectives of the European PRELUDE project [1] is to develop a "Building Renovation Roadmap"(BRR) aimed at facilitating decision-making to foster the most efficient refurbishment actions, the implementation of innovative solutions and the promotion of renewable energy sources in the renovation process of existing buildings. In this context, Estia is working on the development of inference rules that will make it possible. On the basis of a diagnosis such as the Energy Performance Certificate, it will help establishing a list of priority actions. The dynamics that drive this project permit to decrease the subjectivity of a human decisions making scheme. While simulation generates digital technical data, interpretation requires the translation of this data into natural language. The purpose is to automate the translation of the results to provide advice and facilitate decision-making. In medicine, the diagnostic phase is a process by which a disease is identified by its symptoms. Similarly, the idea of the process is to target the faulty elements potentially responsible for poor performance and to propose remedial solutions. The system is based on the development of fuzzy logic rules [2],[3]. This choice was made to be able to manipulate notions of membership with truth levels between 0 and 1, and to deliver messages in a linguistic form, understandable by non-specialist users. For example, if performance is low and parameter x is unfavourable, the algorithm can gives an incentive to improve the parameter such as: "you COULD, SHOULD or MUST change parameter x". Regarding energy performance analysis, the following domains are addressed: heating, domestic hot water, cooling, lighting. Regarding the parameters, the analysis covers the following topics: Characteristics of the building envelope. and of the technical installations (heat production-distribution, ventilation system, electric lighting, etc.). This paper describes the methodology used, lists the fields studied and outlines the expected outcomes of the project.
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Zhu, Minjie, and Michael Scott. Fluid-Structure Interaction and Python-Scripting Capabilities in OpenSees. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/vdix3057.

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Building upon recent advances in OpenSees, the goals of this project are to expand the framework’s Python scripting capabilities and to further develop its fluid–structure interaction (FSI) simulation capabilities, which are based on the particle finite-element method (PFEM). At its inception, the FSI modules in OpenSees were based on Python scripting. To accomplish FSI simulations in OpenSees, Python commands have been added for a limited number of pre-existing element and material commands, e.g., linear-elastic triangle elements and beam–column elements with Concrete01/Steel01 fiber sections. Incorporation of hundreds of constitutive models and element formulations under the Python umbrella for FSI and general OpenSees use remain to be done. Although the original scripting language, Tcl, in OpenSees is string based, powerful, and easy to learn, it is not suitable for mathematical computations. Recent trends in scripting languages for engineering applications have embraced more general, scientific languages such as Python, which has evolved to a large community with numerous libraries for numerical computing, data analysis, scientific visualization, and web development. These libraries can be utilized with the FSI simulation for tsunami analysis. Extending OpenSees to Python will help OpenSees keep pace with new scripting developments from the scientific computing community and make the framework more accessible to graduate students, who likely have learned Python as undergraduates.
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Terzyan, Aram. State-Building in Belarus: The Politics of Repression Under Lukashenko’s Rule. Eurasia Institutes, December 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47669/psprp-2-2019.

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This paper explores the politics of repression and coercion in Belarus, with a focus on the Belarusian authorities’ brutal responses to dissident activities. While repressions are seen to be a backbone of authoritarian rule, there is a lack of case studies of repressions and repressive policies in different kinds of authoritarian regimes and their interaction with other mechanisms of authoritarian sustainability. As Belarus has demonstrated, Lukashenko’s effort’s at perpetuating his power have prompted his regime into increasing the role of repressions. Coercion and repression have been critical to suppressing dissent and pluralism across the country. Essentially, successful, mass-based opposition to the ruling elites, that led to 2014 Maidan Revolution in Ukraine and the 2018 “Velvet Revolution” in Armenia served as examples to discontented elements in Belarus. Meanwhile, to shield itself from the diffusion effects of ‘color revolutions’, the Belarusian regime has tended to reinforce its repressive toolkit through suppressing the civil society, coercing the opposition, and preventing the latter from challenging Lukashenko’s rule. This study enquires into the anatomy of repressive governance in Europe’s “last dictatorship.”
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