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1
Sanseverino, Eleonora Riva, Gianluca Scaccianoce, Valentina Vaccaro, Maurizio Carta, and Raffaella Riva Sanseverino. "Smart Cities and Municipal Building Regulation for Energy Efficiency." International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems 6, no. 4 (October 2015): 56–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaeis.2015100104.
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The “Smart Cities & Communities Initiative” of the Strategic Energy Technology Plan is the strategic European response to lead cities and regions to a carbon free future. In this contest energy efficiency in buildings has a crucial role and must be considered in a holistic approach to the urban planning. In order to implement the minimum requirements stated by the European Directive about the Energy Performance of Buildings, and in order to consider different planning layers with the view to a smart city planning, local regulations are a key factor aiming at sustainable territorial planning. This paper investigates the possibility to draft a basic structure of Municipal Building Regulations in order to guide local administrators and technicians and to limit discretionary power of bureaucracy. The paper is organized as follows. First, a review of the most common practices for building regulations in Europe is proposed, then the basic structure of a municipal building regulation for the city of Palermo (Southern Italy) accounting for sustainability is discussed.
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Voll, Hendrik, Martin Thalfeldt, Francesco De Luca, Jarek Kurnitski, and Timo Olesk. "Urban planning principles of nearly zero-energy residential buildings in Estonia." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 27, no. 6 (September 12, 2016): 634–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-05-2015-0101.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a scientific method to evaluate possible urban layouts of a test building integrating building regulations, natural light standard and energy requirements to achieve nearly zero-energy buildings in Estonia. The integration of building regulations, energy requirements and natural light standards is crucial to evaluate the incidence of the surrounding environment when analyzing the energy performance of buildings. Design/methodology/approach The paper investigates the variations of the energy consumption of a model building with different orientations and variable urban surroundings configurations for the latitude of Tallinn. The different urban configurations are due to combinations of the different building requirements of fire safety, daylighting and insolation hours that in Estonia affect the layout of residential districts, thus influencing significantly the potential consumption of buildings. Different layouts of surrounding buildings have been chosen all guaranteeing at different degrees the fulfillment of the building requirements for the test building and energy simulations have been run to find the urban layouts that guarantee best performances. Findings The outcomes show that the test building interior temperatures and energy performances vary significantly in the different urban planning configurations and for the different orientations, underlining that is strongly recommended to run always energy simulation of building considering their surrounding environment. The conclusions show the principles to integrate the building regulations to achieve nearly zero-energy districts that significantly can improve life quality in the urban environment. Originality/value The paper analyze the energy efficiency of buildings with different features and orientations simulating their possible urban environment layouts given by building regulations, and not isolated or as built in “an open field” like most of the existing literature in the field.
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Izobo-Martins, Oladunni Oluwatoyin, Ekhaese Eghosa, and Ayo-Vaughan Kunle Emmanuel. "Architects’ View on Design Consideration that Can Reduce Maintenance Cost." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 9, no. 3 (May 1, 2018): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mjss-2018-0061.
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Abstract Buildings are designed with the intent of lasting for a certain period of time. Building maintenance in different building typology is described as multi-faceted activities which involve planning, directing, controlling and organizing resources for the sustenance of the building’s physical, functional and operational performance. The research focused on ways cost of maintaining a building was done, effectively or efficiently with the influence of the design approach used. Literatures of works pertaining to building maintenance were reviewed to identify the various impacts, influences that a building design would have on the cost of maintaining any building type. Maintenance departments of educational institutions were surveyed and data analyzed. The study revealed that maintenance culture of buildings could either be positive or negative, based on the quality of design approach used. The study recommends a proper review of building codes and regulations by organizations intending to erect building structures with a view of designers to specified standards and prevent excess maintenance cost in the future.
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Hidayat, Muhammad Syarif. "PERENCANAAN LINGKUNGAN DAN BANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN DI INDONESIA: TINJAUAN DARI ASPEK PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN." TATALOKA 19, no. 1 (February 21, 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.19.1.15-28.
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Definitions of green buildings, in essence it should be environmentally friendly and sustainable ranging from planning, implementation to operation of the building. In the implementation of the legislation is needed to ensure its implementation. Candy MOE issued a regulation on the criteria and certification of environmentally friendly building where the content has some similarities with the green building parameters issued by GBCI. Parameter issued by GBCI is Appropriate Land, Energy Efficiency and Refrigerants, Water Conservation, Resource and Material Cycle, Quality and Comfort Air, and the Built Environment Management. This research question is whether there are other laws that support the concept of building a 'green'. The method used is descriptive review the regulations of the aspects of green building. The results showed that there are many laws and regulations in Indonesia has not accommodate green building design criteria. This could mean there are no rules or regulations already exist, but still expressed in general.
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Kim, Ki Pyung, Rob Freda, and Tan Hai Dang Nguyen. "Building Information Modelling Feasibility Study for Building Surveying." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 11, 2020): 4791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114791.
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Despite the advancements in digital technologies, the current building design examination practice is 2D and paper-based, and a large number of 2D plans and drawings need to be collated and interpreted to examine if the proposed designs comply with building regulations. Subsequently, it is prone to human errors that make sustainable and consistent design difficult. Although Building Information Modelling (BIM) is recognised as a means to transform the current practice into a more sustainable and productive practice, BIM has rarely been adopted in building design examination. This research aims to identify the reasons for the low uptake of BIM and to examine the feasibility of BIM for building design examination through a focus group interview and workshop. A lack of proper BIM training is identified as the most critical barrier to adopting BIM. Building design examiners indicate that BIM adoption requires consistent efforts with empirical errors, since the existing work processes are not flexible enough to embrace BIM instantly without proper BIM training. An average of three days can be saved by using BIM for a building regulations check. This research revealed that BIM is feasible for building regulation checking, and the low uptake is mainly caused by a lack of awareness of the BIM capabilities.
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Nubatonis, Misraim, Petrus Kase, and Nursalam Nursalam. "Implementation of building construction permit in So'e city, South Timor Tengah regency (TTS)." Journal of Governance and Accountability Studies 1, no. 2 (July 25, 2021): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/jgas.v1i2.147.
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Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the implementation of the Building Construction Permit policy and to analyze the inhibiting factors for implementing the Building Construction Permit policy based on the Regional Regulation of South Timor Tengah regency Number 7 of 2015 in So'e city, South Timor Tengah regency. Research methodology: This research was qualitative research using a descriptive approach. The data were collected through interviews, observation and documentation. Results: The inhibiting factor for the implementation of the Building Construction Permit policy in So’e city, South Timor Tengah regency is the limited resources in the form of human resources, financial resources, operational resources, buildings that are not in accordance with spatial planning and many buildings that violate the boundary lines as well as public understanding of building permit regulations. Limitations: This study only analyzed the implementation of the Building Construction Permit policy based on the Regional Regulation of South Timor Tengah regency Number 7 of 2015 in So’e city, South Timor Tengah regency. Contribution: This research becomes scientific information for public administration program.
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Simamora, Jawarta, Leonardus Setia Budi Wibowo, Didik Purwanto, and Norman Ray. "Analisis Perpindahan Lateral Struktur Beton Bertulang Pada Bangunan Bertingkat Beraturan dan Ketidak Beraturan Horizontal." Ge-STRAM: Jurnal Perencanaan dan Rekayasa Sipil 3, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25139/jprs.v3i1.2436.
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The effect of earthquake forces on buildings will certainly be different if applied to regular and irregular buildings. The performance of structures produced in irregular buildings will be different from the performance of irregular building structures for the same load intensity. In the earthquake resistant structure planning regulations, SNI 1726-2012 concerning structural irregularities. Where in this regulation there are two types of structural irregularities namely horizontal structural irregularities and vertical structural irregularities which are then subdivided into several types of irregularity. The study was carried out to compare the results of building structure performance with horizontal irregularity compared to regular buildings as seen from displacement, drift ratio, base shear, performance level based on ATC-40, differences in reinforcement weight. This research resulted in the largest displacement for the x-direction, namely the type A irregular building where it experiences a deviation of 0,49 m difference and for the y-direction of 0,44 m in the type A irregular building Type A. The biggest drift ratio of the x-direction and direction y is a Type B irregular building that is equal to 0,64 m for the x-direction and 0.57 m for the y-direction. The largest base shear occurs in regular buildings with Type B irregular buildings at 16.34%. the level of performance based on ATC-40 for all building models is immidiate occupancy, the biggest reinforcement need is the irregular building model B with a percentage difference of 11,20%.
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Hagiwara, Ichiro. "Concepts of Fire Safety Provisions of Means of Escape andEvacuation Safety Plan in High-Rise Building." Journal of Disaster Research 6, no. 6 (December 1, 2011): 541–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2011.p0541.
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The measures on safety of buildings in case of a fire have been stipulated almost as specification document in the building codes for a long time. The standards on fire safety were first prepared to prevent urban great fire, later to alleviate human losses in fire of large-scale building. The standards on fire safety in foreign countries, especially regulations on safe evacuation are outlined, and the concepts of building planning especially for the purpose of securing safe evacuation in high-rise buildings are introduced.
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Wang, Peng, Jian Zheng Wu, and Xiao Jie Tan. "Coastal Building Setback Line Determining Method and Application." Advanced Materials Research 575 (October 2012): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.575.142.
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Coastal Building planning, especially the distance between the building and the coastline, has great influence on the landscape resource of the coast and the self-security of the buildings. At present, most of the coastal countries and areas have relevant regulations on coastal building setback lines. The paper, based on the natural attribute of the coastal segments, constructs index system, determines coastal building stopping distance, classifies and grades the setback distances in order to facilitate management, applies it in Dalian, and at last draws the conclusion by concrete example comparison that coastal building stopping distance determined by the method is essentially consistent with the real distance between building and coastline, which can be regarded as the basis for coastal building planning and management.
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Guevara-Perez, L. Teresa. "Seismic Regulations Versus Modern Architectural and Urban Configurations." Journal of Disaster Research 5, no. 5 (October 1, 2010): 517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2010.p0517.
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Every time an earthquake affects a contemporary city, numerous lessons arise regarding the performance of modern buildings. However, lessons included in international post-earthquake reconnaissance reports regarding the influence of architectural features on building seismic performance barely reach either architectural and city planning practice, or decisions taken by city officials and politicians that continue including in the design of urban zoning regulations (UZR) some modern building configurations categorized in seismic codes as “irregular.” Irregularities, in terms of building configuration, mean that the structural design and analysis require the application of special considerations, as well as rigorous official controls on the construction site for the appropriate application of seismic detailing requirements. The majority of UZR in contemporary cities encourages, and in some cases enforces, the use of configurations that have been long recognized by earthquake engineering as seismically vulnerable. It is not surprising that when an earthquake affects a contemporary city, the buildings worst hit are precisely those with modern architectural configurations that affect the vulnerability and resilience of cities in seismic zones and are common all around the world. Earthquake experiences have taught that the application of structural engineering oriented building codes is not sufficient for reducing the seismic vulnerability of contemporary cities. The problem has to be untangled with a holistic approach where structural engineers, architects, urban planners, local authorities and the local community participate, not only in reducing existing vulnerability but avoiding the construction of new seismic risk in the future. In order to study the discrepancy between urban zoning regulations and seismic codes with regard to vulnerable modern building configurations and the causes of the international dissemination of architectural and urban planning concepts that generate vulnerability in contemporary cities, historic research was developed. This paper presents a brief summary of this study [1].
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Kwag, Byung Chang, Sanghee Han, Gil Tae Kim, Beobjeon Kim, and Jong Yeob Kim. "Analysis of the Effects of Strengthening Building Energy Policy on Multifamily Residential Buildings in South Korea." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (April 27, 2020): 3566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093566.
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The purposes of this study were to overview the building-energy policy and regulations in South Korea to achieve energy-efficient multifamily residential buildings and analyze the effects of strengthening the building design requirements on their energy performances. The building energy demand intensity showed a linear relationship with the area-weighted average U-values of the building envelope. However, improving the thermal properties of the building envelope was limited to reducing the building-energy demand intensity. In this study, the effects of various energy conservation measures (ECMs) on the building-energy performance were compared. Among the various ECMs, improving the boiler efficiency was found to be the most efficient measure for reducing the building-energy consumption in comparison to other ECMs, whereas the building envelope showed the least impact, because the current U-values are low. However, in terms of the primary energy consumption, the most efficient ECM was the lighting power density because of the different energy sources used by various ECMs and the different conversion factors used to calculate the primary energy consumption based on the source type. This study showed a direction for updating the building-energy policy and regulations, as well as the potential of implementing ECMs, to improve the energy performances of Korean multifamily residential buildings.
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Bienvenido-Huertas, David, Miguel Oliveira, Carlos Rubio-Bellido, and David Marín. "A Comparative Analysis of the International Regulation of Thermal Properties in Building Envelope." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (October 10, 2019): 5574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205574.
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To achieve the goals of reducing building energy consumption, regulations are being designed to guarantee the appropriate energy performance of buildings. Both European and South American countries establish requirements of thermal properties of building envelope according to the climate zone, thus implying notable differences in climate classifications and technical requirements. This research provides a general view of advantages and limitations between the different state regulations of three South American countries (Argentina, Brazil, and Chile) and three European countries (Spain, Portugal, and France). A total of 792 simulations were conducted with Energy Plus by considering 12 different dwelling typologies in 66 climate zones. Building envelopes were adapted to the regulations of the various countries. Results showed tendencies of performance clearly different between the South American and the European countries, with the latter being those with the lowest energy demands. The cluster analysis of distributions of energy demand revealed that buildings located in similar climates but in different countries present very different energy performances. This research opens up the discussion on the development of more demanding policies related to thermal properties of buildings. Also, the analysis at a continental scale could reduce the differences between countries and guarantee a more sustainable life for the building stock.
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Sejati, Anang Wahyu, Sri Rahayu, Bitta Pigawati, and Jurike Winarendri. "The Ex-Ante Evaluation of Hotel Buildings Height in Airport Area: A Case of Hotel in Kaliwungu, Peri-Urban Area of Semarang." Journal of Architectural Design and Urbanism 1, no. 1 (September 29, 2018): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jadu.v1i1.3038.
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This paper conveys the findings on hotel buildings evaluation in the peri-urban of Semarang based on ex-ante evaluation. Ex-ante is an evaluation model before project activities are implemented to minimize development impacts. Evaluation of altitude was done with three models, namely the ratio of floor area (FAR), Angle of Light Obstruction (ALO), and building height calculation in the airport area applicable in Indonesia. Furthermore, the evaluation of the strategic value of the location with three criteria was the proximity of industrial zone, accessibility, and proximity to tourist destinations. This study was successfully answers the question of maximal height rules and the number of stories allowed for hotel buildings in peri-urban Semarang. The result suggest the regulation of building height in Kaliwungu especially for hotel building in aviation safety area. Maximum height allowed is 32.5 m or 8 stories. The existing regulations have not regulated these issues, so collaborative planning should be carried out between the government of Semarang City and Kendal Regency. With collaborative planning, problems in both regions, especially regarding the height of buildings such as hotels can be coordinated.
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Sun, Haitao. "Legal and Illegal Processes of Building Disposal Under the Vision of Urban Planning." Open House International 44, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2019-b0012.
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To solve the problem of illegal buildings, laws were used to control illegal buildings from the perspective of urban planning. Illegal buildings were legalized by reissuing relevant procedures. Illegal buildings were confiscated and auctioned. Illegal buildings that endanger public safety were completely removed. Illegal buildings that meet the safety standards were transformed into citizens' affordable housing and other disposal modes. The results showed that China's current laws on the lack of identification of illegal buildings, legal lag, legislative dispersion and many of the problems involved in illegal construction were cross-types. There were both frontier subject issues and ubiquitous issues. Regardless of the extent of the aspects involved, the legal issues of studying illegal building governance have always been the main line and the main tone of social development. Therefore, by perfecting laws and regulations on illegal building management, the administrative enforcement mechanism for illegal buildings is improved and publicity efforts are strengthened. The legal consciousness of the people is enhanced.
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Alchimovienė, Jurgita, and Neringa Gudienė. "ANALYSIS OF TERRITORY PLANNING REGULATIONS CONCERNING MODERNIZATION OF RESIDENTIAL AREAS." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 2, no. 2 (April 30, 2010): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2010.027.
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Territory planning instructions of residential areas (quarters) are analyzed in this article. In Lithuania there is no validated united normative database for territory planning, which could regulate renovation of residential quarters. Accordingly, it is an actual problem. Modernization of blocks of flats is widely analyzed and it causes a lot of discussions recently. Modernization could be fulfilled more efficiently in quarters or even residential areas. Consequently, territorial spatial planning of areas (quarters) is very important. This article covers analysis of terms of a residential area and a quarter, building intensity and building density, functional zones, regulations of territory management and use, greenery, social infrastructure. Also a quality of life, depreciation of buildings and a priority of renovation of residential areas is examined.
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Imrie, Rob. "The Interrelationships between Building Regulations and Architects' Practices." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 34, no. 5 (October 2007): 925–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b33024.
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It is commonly assumed that building regulation and control is a technical activity and part of a bureaucratic machine external to the design process. For many architects building regulations are no more than a set of rules to be adhered to, and are usually seen as ephemeral, even incidental, to the creative process of design. However, the main argument of this paper suggests that the building regulations are entwined with, and are constitutive of, architects' practices. Far from being an insignificant part of the design process, as some commentators suggest, I develop the argument that the building regulations influence aspects of creative practice and process in architecture and, as such, ought to be given greater attention by scholars of urban design.
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Korchagina, L. M. "Construction and installation works in healthcare organizations: features of management accounting and reporting." Buhuchet v zdravoohranenii (Accounting in Healthcare), no. 8 (August 4, 2021): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-17-2108-01.
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The design and construction of medical buildings must comply with a large number of mandatory requirements established by regulations and customers. Medical buildings, as social facilities, must meet high requirements. In terms of their complexity they are close to industrial facilities. Therefore there is a need to manage a system of such requirements in their construction. The article deals with factors which should be taken into account by a head of a building organization when performing building and erection works in healthcare organizations and which affect their successful planning and realization.
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Elitsa Ivanova. "SCHOOL BUILDING PLANNING. MAIN TYPES OF SYSTEMS (PLANS) OF SCHOOL BUILDINGS." World Science 1, no. 7(47) (July 31, 2019): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/31072019/6586.
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How to Design School Buildings? Student(s), their number and age have the gratest impact on the school buildings;• To plan a school well, it must first be clear which age groups of students it will be for;• How many students will be there in each age group;• How many classes in each grade will be in the building.Following the study of children of various age groups, looking at the specifics of emotional development and various physical characteristics, it becomes clear to a large extent what is necessary to make them feel good in the school building.The parameters of the individual rooms and buildings for educational activity are also determined on the basis of the applicable rules for town planning, the regulations for designing buildings and facilities, and the standards related to school buildings, hygiene standards and fire construction and technical requirements.The complex study of all elements of the building, their interrelations, as well as the number and age of the students, in the context of the urban planning parameters and the requirements of each individual employer, determine the area and scale of design of the school buildings. Taking into account also the recent studies and trends for the good functioning of this type of buildings, a complex composition of elements, parameters and conditions may be obtained.
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Filippov, Vasily. "THEODOR FISCHER: PLAN AND BUILDING REGULATIONS MUNICH 1904." INNOVATIVE PROJECT 4, no. 10 (December 2019): 6–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/ip.2019.4.10.1.
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The issues of preserving the urban planning heritage of Russian cities and the proposed methods of its preservation are discussed. The study of the morphology of Russian cities is presented as an example of a scientific approach to the description of the urban environment as a possible object for conservation. The history of the expansion plan and urban planning regulations for Munich, created by Theodor Fischer and based on the task of the morphology of urban space, adopted in 1904 and current for 75 years, regardless of the government in Germany, is described. The plan and regulations became the basis for the development of the city, its restoration after World War II and the preservation of its urban environment.
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Setiawan, Lilian. "PENERAPAN PERATURAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SIMULASI PARAMETRIK PADA BANGUNAN DAN LINGKUNGAN PERMUKIMAN KAMPUNG SILIWANGI BANDUNG." Idealog: Ide dan Dialog Desain Indonesia 4, no. 1 (April 28, 2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25124/idealog.v4i1.1603.
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The city of Bandung had a rapid development. The growth and development process of the city is largely determined by the strategy of the government itself. Therefore, the government regulates the direction of urban growth through the formation of regulations. However, the current condition of regulations and arrangement of development are quite worrying. The process applied is not in line with regulations, the quality of the environment decreases because of the illegally grown land use of settlements Covenience in an area is also closely related to the conditions of nature environment. Like the existence of Cikapundung river which is no longer considered. It can be seen in riverside housing that increasingly wild and growing organically. The purpose of this study is to identify the physical arrangement of the environment and buildings in the Cikapundung riverside settlement Bandung and its influence on the application of regulations. The method used is 1) A quantitative approach at the stage of data collection and analysis with parametric simulation technique modeling, using Rhinoceros Grasshopper software; 2) A qualitative approach in forming conclusions relating to the prediction of the building mass compared to the existing conditions. Analysis was carried out based on applicable regulatory studies including Building Coverage Ratio (BCR), Floor Average Ratio (FAR), and River Border Line, then applied to the simulation of building shapes, and identified behavior of the inhabitants. This research is expected to be a guide to the strategy of planning, structuring, and developing architcture especially the building form in riverside settlements.
Keywords : Building Regulations, Parametric Simulation, Riverside, Settlement
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Admanegara, Tomi, and Koespiadi Koespiadi. "STUDY OF 7 BUILDING DEVELOPMENT PLANNING SPECIFICATION OF STEEL FRAMEWORK STRUCTURE (BASED ON SNI 1729 - 2015) (CASE STUDY: OFFICE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECT)." IJEEIT : International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology 2, no. 1 (October 1, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.29138/ijeeit.v2i1.1146.
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Steel is a material that is widely used in industrial development and buildings with functions as the main building frame. This plan aims to plan a building structure with 7 floors plus a ground floor that will function as an office building with analysis using a Structure Analysis Program (SAP 2000 v.19) combined with steel regulations on SNI 1729: 2015. Based on the results of SAP analysis 2000 v.19 produces a column structure using WF Steel 400x400x30x50 with the beam 1 using the profile of Steel WF 350x300x14x23 and for the beam 2 using the profile of Steel WF 200x200x9x14. For anchor and baseplate using anchor M-25 with a length of 400 mm, with baseplate thickness of 25 mm and for bolts using M-25 bolts with a total of 16 bolts.
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Vacca, G., E. Quaquero, D. Pili, and M. Brandolini. "INTEGRATING BIM AND GIS DATA TO SUPPORT THE MANAGEMENT OF LARGE BUILDING STOCKS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4 (September 19, 2018): 647–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-647-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The survey phase is an essential prerequisite for effective management and improvement of existing buildings. The low accessibility of information regarding the design and construction phases and the current state of the buildings, are the main causes of inefficient actions on existing buildings. The lack of “As Built” documentation (building components, installations, etc.) and the complex task of detecting their current status in terms of use (intended use and space dimensions, environmental context, etc.) and maintenance (conservation status of building components, age of the technological installations, previous maintenance work, compliance with current regulations, etc.) causes deep difficulties in planning, scheduling and controlling appropriate interventions. Starting from these assumptions, this paper shows the findings of a research, aimed at testing the integrated use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and 3D Geographic Information Systems (3D GIS) in order to structure knowledge. The research concerns a case study and it has actually led to the development of a BIM- 3D GIS workflow which formalizes knowledge and information involved of a significant building, according to its management: the INA houses by Enrico Mandolesi, a residential complex for about 2500 inhabitants built around 1960 in the eastern suburbs of Cagliari (Italy).</p>
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Najini, Hiba, Mutasim Nour, Sulaiman Al-Zuhair, and Fadi Ghaith. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Green Building Codes in United Arab Emirates Based on a Case Study Office Building." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 22, 2020): 8773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218773.
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Green building regulations in the United Arab Emirates are required to obtain building permits so that future construction projects can create a sustainable living environment. Emirates such as Abu Dhabi, Dubai, and Sharjah have specific green building regulations, whereas other emirates follow Abu Dhabi’s regulatory criteria. Previous work fails to present a techno-economic cross-code analysis for various green building regulations in the UAE by evaluating energy and water performance. A case study using an existing high-rise green office building was formulated using the Integrated Environmental Solution: Virtual Environment (IES-VE) platform and the U.S. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (U.S. LEED) water consumption evaluation tool to study its energy and water performance, respectively. The archived results were used to devise an economic study based on the discounted cash flow technique. The principal findings of this research allowed us to determine a cross-code analysis and propose cost-effective trade-offs. These will aid the consultants and contractors in choosing appropriate green building regulations in the UAE by highlighting the potential of each parameter within green building regulations in terms of energy, water, and economic performance.
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Sümengen, Özlem, and Melike Özömer. "AN INVESTIGATION BY THE BEP-TR METHOD OF THE EFFECT OF OBSTRUCTION ANGLE PARAMETER ON LIGHTING ENERGY PERFORMANCE AND DAYLIGHT SUPPLY." Journal of Green Building 16, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.16.3.179.
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ABSTRACT Following the EN 15193, 2008 Energy Performance in Buildings Regulation in the European Union Member States, a comprehensive calculation can be made on lighting energy performance and daylight effect. This improved model accounts for Turkey’s “BEP-TR” (“Regulation on Energy Performance in Buildings”). In the present study, the effect of the obstruction angle parameter of buildings on lighting energy consumption and daylight provided is examined through a sample hotel project by the BEP-TR calculation method. This study investigates the effect of daylight on lighting energy performance alternatives that were produced according to the height, building distance variations (causing obstruction angle), and the correlation between annual lighting consumption values, daylight supply factor, and obstruction parameters. Accordingly, the current study aims to develop a method to assist zoning regulations, building intervals, and height decisions by determining specific ratios between obstruction parameters, daylight supply factor and lighting energy consumption values. Results of this study clearly show that obstruction parameter variables affect both the daylight supply factor and annual lighting energy significantly.
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Lavrov, Leonid, and Fedor Perov. "THE PROBLEMS OF HIGH-RISE CONSTRUCTION IN ST. PETERSBURG." Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 40, no. 3 (September 25, 2016): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2016.1210053.
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St. Petersburg’s strict limit on building height existed until the 1960s. A small loosening of restrictions occurred only at the end of the 19th century, which formed the “horizontal” silhouette of the city with a few spire accents, domes and factory chimneys. In the USSR during the 1960s, a multi-storey building system began to develop. As this inclusive unification spread throughout Leningrad, 9-storey, 12-storey, 16-storey residential buildings became widespread. The population’s attitude to them was quite critical. When Russia became a market economy country, St. Petersburg began to actively feel the influence of globalization in the architectural and construction industries. A consequence of the development of new technologies has become the mass construction of residential buildings that are 22–25 floors in height (including buildings closely located to the historical center). Fire safety issues were discovered, and problems concerning soil conditions were uncovered. The high buildings’ influence on the protected center landscapes were very negatively received by citizens. In spite of the approved building regulations, there are many problematic situations; for example, the project of a 400-meter skyscraper next to the monument of Smolniy Cathedral provoked many debates in the city.
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Tokbolat, Serik, Ferhat Karaca, Serdar Durdyev, Farnush Nazipov, and Ilyas Aidyngaliyev. "Assessment of Green Practices in Residential Buildings: A Survey-Based Empirical Study of Residents in Kazakhstan." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (November 23, 2018): 4383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124383.
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In the lead-up to the Paris climate change conference, the majority of the UN Member States submitted their Intended Nationally Determined Contributions on carbon emissions reduction to be met by 2030. Kazakhstan is no exception. The government made pledges and, therefore, has to adapt its national policies and regulations to meet the set ambitious goals. In this regard, the role of residential building sector is of the utmost importance due to its significant share in the country’s energy consumption and carbon emissions profile. Thus, this study presents the types of residential buildings available and assesses how far they are from meeting the green building (GB) indicators set in various certification schemes and standards. This would help in suggesting practical steps to improve the sustainability levels of the residential building stock of Kazakhstan. This study collected a robust set of data on existing residential buildings in Astana, chosen as a case study location, classified them and, based on a developed checklist, evaluated their performance compared to GB standards. The study has found that old buildings tend to have a rather poor level of sustainability, whereas the sustainability of new buildings depends on the class of the building—steadily increasing from economy to premium class in all categories of the checklist. A detailed analysis of the results has led to the development of recommendations on how each type of building should be improved to meet the GB standards.
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Choi, Bo-Eun, Ji-Hyun Shin, Jin-Hyun Lee, Sun-Sook Kim, and Young-Hum Cho. "Establishment of Passive Energy Conservation Measure and Economic Evaluation of Fenestration System in Nonresidential Building of Korea." International Journal of Polymer Science 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8681737.
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ECO2 (building energy efficiency rating program) and passive energy conservation measures (ECMs) were established as a basic study for targeted methodologies and decision support systems development in Korea to meet national regulations. The primary energy consumption and economic evaluation of nonresidential buildings was performed. Passive ECMs were classified as planning and performance elements. The planning elements are the window-to-wall ratio (WWR) and horizontal shading angle. The performance elements are the thermal transmittance (U-value) of the walls, roof, and floor and the U-value and solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) of windows. This study focused on the window-to-wall ratio and the U-value and solar heat gain coefficient of windows. An economic efficiency database for the constructed alternatives was built; the target building was set and the Passive ECM List for the target building was derived. The energy consumption evaluation and economic evaluation were performed for each of the constructed alternatives, and a methodology for guiding energy efficiency decisions was proposed based on the performance evaluation results, and the optimal Passive ECM List for the target building was derived.
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Visscher, Henk, Dasa Majcen, and Laure Itard. "Energy Saving Policies for Housing Based on Wrong Assumptions?" Open House International 39, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-02-2014-b0010.
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The energy saving potential of the building stock is large and considered to be the most cost efficient to contribute to the CO2 reduction ambitions. Severe governmental policies steering on reducing the energy use seem essential to stimulate and enforce the improvement of the energy performance of buildings with a focus on reducing the heating and cooling energy demand. In Europe the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive is a driving force for member states to develop and strengthen energy performance regulations for new buildings and energy certificates for the building stock. The goals are to build net zero energy new buildings in 2020 and to reach a neutral energy situation in the whole stock by 2050. More and more research projects deliver insight that the expected impact of stricter regulations for newly built houses is limited and the actual effects of energy savings through housing renovations stay behind the expectations. Theoretical energy use calculated on base of the design standard for new houses and assessment standards for Energy Performance Certificates of existing dwellings differ largely from the measured actual energy use. The paper uses the findings of some Post Occupancy Evaluation research projects. Is the energy saving potential of the housing stock smaller than expected and should we therefore change the policies?
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Sůra, Miroslav. "Building objectives and incorrect use of regulatory standards." MATEC Web of Conferences 146 (2018): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814603006.
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European and other regulatory standards affect, besides everyday life, also planning, designing, and other building processes. Regulations alter, sometimes threaten, or even completely prevent, the achievement of the intended objectives of investors and other participants in building processes. Implementation of regulative standards may result in problems that cause various defects to planning-design-construction objectives. Such regulatory issues are known to have already caused ethical, social and financial burdens in other areas of human activity. In planning and construction processes, various participants may be the source of misuse problems – unintentionally or otherwise. A model of categories of problems is presented (and has been tested) – of misuse problems that result from potential conflicts between (EU) regulatory standards and objectives of participants in building processes. The categories have been compiled and compared also according to sources and actors of the problems. Protective strategies against incorrect application and/or misuse of regulations are in the process of formulation and verification, taking into account sources and actors in the problem categories. Finally, it helps and protects participants – especially as regards matters of technology, design phase, public attitudes, and money.
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Sayin, Selçuk, and Godfried Augenbroe. "OPTIMAL ENERGY DESIGN AND RETROFIT RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE TURKISH BUILDING SECTOR." Journal of Green Building 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 61–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.16.1.61.
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ABSTRACT This paper introduces methodologies and optimal strategies to reduce the energy consumption of the building sector with the aim to reduce global energy usage of a given .region or country. Many efforts are underway to develop investment strategies for large-scale energy retrofits and stricter energy design standards for existing and future buildings. This paper presents a study that informs these strategies in a novel way. It introduces support for the cost-optimized retrofits of existing, and design improvements of new buildings in Turkey with the aim to offer recommendations to individual building owners as well as guidance to the market. Three building types, apartment, single-family house and office are analyzed with a novel optimization approach. The energy performance of each type is simulated in five different climate regions of Turkey and four different vintages. For each vintage, the building is modelled corresponding to local Turkish regulations that applied at the time of construction. Optimum results are produced for different goals in terms of energy saving targets. The optimization results reveal that a 50% energy saving target is attainable for the retrofit and a 40% energy saving target is attainable for new design improvements for each building type in all climate regions.
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Mazurin, Dmitry M., and Мarina E. Dement’eva. "Dismantling a multi-storey building in the conditions of a built-up area: engineering and economic indicators." Vestnik MGSU, no. 6 (June 2021): 741–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2021.6.741-750.
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Introduction. In the contemporary world, the number of multi-storey and high-rise buildings goes up, and this is the case of central districts of large cities. This renewal of built environments in megalopolises takes the form of development of unoccupied spaces, which grow smaller year after year, and liquidation of buildings whose life cycle is coming to an end. In this regard, there arises a problem of choosing the building demolition method, since traditional techniques, used worldwide, do not allow for the liquidation of buildings that have more than 15 floors. Therefore, given the growing number of floors, densely built-up areas, and tighter safety regulations, there is a need to improve dismantling technologies, including tighter environmental safety requirements applied to dismantling works, and this necessity substantiates the relevance of this research. The subject of this work is the engineering and economic indicators of the element-wise deconstruction and mechanical demolition, performed as a sequential set of works that end in the elimination of a multi-storey building, having various design features. The purpose of this study is to explore the engineering and economic indicators of dismantling works carried out in densely built-up urban areas, taking into account work arrangement features, space-planning and design characteristics of a building to be liquidated.
Materials and methods. Given the findings of the field observations that represent photographic recording and timing, measurements were taken in respect of the time needed to perform the dismantling work in the process of liquidation of a multi-storey building. The method of mathematical analysis was employed to obtain the engineering and economic indicators of dismantling works. The work space, the scope and amount of work were identified using AutoCAD, a 2D modeling system.
Results. The co-authors have identified the features of the element-wise dismantling and mechanical demolition of a multi-storey building, dependences between engineering and economic indicators, as well as the characteristics of buildings.
Conclusions. The research, performed by the co-authors, allow to identify the bottlenecks of such methods of dismantling a multi-storey building, as its element-wise dismantling and mechanical demolition. The results of the work can be used to streamline the building dismantling technology, with regard to the features of surrounding buildings and the characteristics of the building to be liquidated.
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Bienvenido-Huertas, David. "Analysis of the Impact of the Use Profile of HVAC Systems Established by the Spanish Standard to Assess Residential Building Energy Performance." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (September 2, 2020): 7153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12177153.
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State regulations play an important role to guarantee an appropriate building energy performance. As for the Spanish regulation, the limitation of energy consumption should be analyzed with simulation tools by using operational profiles. The profile of operational conditions of HVAC systems in residential buildings limits the use of heating and cooling systems. This paper studied the limitations of the residential profile in energy assessment processes through simulation tools. A case study was analyzed with three operational approaches and was placed in 8131 Spanish cities. The results showed that the use limitations of cooling systems lead to ignorance of an important percentage contribution in the cooling energy demand in some months of the year. The use of an operational profile with an extended calendar for cooling systems for the entire year would imply a more appropriate knowledge of the building energy performance in order to know the fulfilment of the state regulation and its correct energy classification.
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Shiel, John. "Strategies for Practical Greenhouse Gas Reductions in the Existing Building Stock." Journal of Green Building 4, no. 1 (February 1, 2009): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.4.1.135.
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The Stern Report found that Climate Change is the world's greatest market failure, and the United Nations concluded it is likely to be the most significant environmental challenge of our time. This paper aims to illustrate building Greenhouse Gas (GHG) and energy trends, and to provide practical strategies and best practice examples in international low- and high-rise building refurbishments to lower GHG emissions, energy use and operating costs, across building types and Australian Climate Zones. These can be adopted by policy-makers, owners, investors and occupiers. It also aims to provide examples of government policies and important stakeholder behaviour to reduce GHGs, and evaluates one recent project for strategies that proved successful and those that could be improved. The method used was to review international strategies that lower building GHG emissions in countries with more advanced building regulations than Australia, and to discover affordable and effective strategies from associations that publicise case studies. This paper shows that the operational phase of buildings is a significant contributor to global GHG emissions; that Passive building refurbishments are current best practice strategies; and that occupant behaviour is another surprisingly significant contributor to GHG emissions. The paper forms part of the author's higher research degree literature review.
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Chang, Wen-Yao, Chieh-Hsin Tang, and Ching-Yuan Lin. "Estimation of Magnitude and Heat Release Rate of Fires Occurring in Historic Buildings-Taking Churches as an Example." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 16, 2021): 9193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169193.
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Historical buildings often fail to meet today’s building and fire protection regulations due to their structure and space restrictions. For this reason, if such buildings encounter fire, serious damage will be resulted. The fire of the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris (Notre-Dame de Paris) in April 2019 highlights the seriousness of this problem. In this study, the historical building of “Tamsui Church” was selected as an example. The Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) was adopted to analyze the scale of damage and possible hazards when the wooden seats in the church are on fire, and improvement measures were proposed to ensure that such buildings can be used under safer conditions. It was found that the existing seat arrangement will cause the spreading of fire, and the maximum heat release rate is 2609.88 kW. The wooden roof frame above the fire source will also start to burn at 402.88 s (6.6 min) after the fire, which will lead to a full-scale fire. To maintain the safety of the historical building, it is necessary to add active firefighting equipment (smoke detector and water mist system).
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Alzoubi, Hussain H., and Amal T. Malkawi. "The optimal utilization of solar energy in residential buildings in light of the Jordanian building regulations." Sustainable Cities and Society 14 (February 2015): 441–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2014.06.001.
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Kim, Helen. "Family Building by Same-Sex Male Couples via Gestational Surrogacy." Seminars in Reproductive Medicine 35, no. 05 (September 2017): 408–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1607333.
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AbstractBest estimates suggest that the number of households with same-sex male couples is increasing. One option for family building by same-sex male couples is gestational surrogacy. Embryos would be generated in vitro, using the biologic father's sperm with donor oocytes, and another woman (the gestational carrier) would undergo an embryo transfer to bear a child. Conceiving via gestational surrogacy requires advance planning, not only to coordinate the oocyte donor and gestational carrier but also to comply with regulations set forth by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) has also published recommendations for practices using gestational carriers, which, in many cases, are more stringent than the FDA regulations. This article will review the FDA regulations and ASRM recommendations and their implications for same-sex male couples who plan to conceive via gestational surrogacy.
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Lombardo, Grazia. "The Seismic Coat: A Sustainable and Integrated Approach to the Retrofit of Existing Buildings." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (June 7, 2021): 6466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116466.
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Within the EU’s environmental policy, redevelopment strategies must be designed by adopting an integrated approach. This approach considers energy savings in buildings and seismic safety as driving forces of economic growth. The recent technological evolution experienced by the construction sector has aimed to define a new building element, the seismic coat. This term refers to a structural “skin” that improves both the seismic safety and the energy efficiency of existing buildings according to standards identified by current regulations. With this regard, research was started with the aim of defining a sustainable seismic coat consisting of dry-assembled panels of natural stone blocks that are prestressed with the use of steel reinforcements. The experimentation carried out on the panel so far has shown significant results as the test building improved in terms of energy savings, seismic safety, sustainability, functionality, and aesthetic quality. By taking a case study of a 1960s building as reference, this paper highlights the findings obtained by the feasibility study of the panel, with a special focus on its technical and construction aspects, and to facilitate its manufacture with the use of industrialized processes. Furthermore, this research provides the installation procedures for the panel components and all relevant details regarding the connections with the existing structure of the building.
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Liao, Longhui, Evelyn Ai Lin Teo, Ruidong Chang, and Xianbo Zhao. "Diffusion of Building Information Modeling in Building Projects and Firms in Singapore." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 20, 2020): 7762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187762.
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Building information modeling (BIM) implementation has been mandated in building projects in Singapore, but a wider adoption is still desired. This study aims to investigate the factors influencing BIM diffusion and examine how the factors influence firms with different project roles, firm sizes, and BIM implementation experience. The results of a pilot study, a questionnaire survey with 89 professionals, and five post-survey interviews showed that hindrances related to inadequate multi-party collaboration (whether formal or informal), conservative mindset, limited skills, costly infrastructure and training, and multi-discipline model integration were the most influential, whereas drivers associated with project leadership team’s strategic consensus, multi-disciplinary design coordination, training, and government regulations were top-ranked. Subgroup analyses between pairs of firms with different characteristics revealed that while construction firms and less experienced stakeholders tended to underestimate BIM implementation difficulties, small-medium contractors might underestimate relevant benefits. The findings and managerial recommendations help different types of firms prioritize resources to overcome hindrances, seize opportunities (such as gaining a competitive edge from BIM practical experience), and obtain support from workers executing BIM daily. With major stakeholders’ recognition and implementation, BIM can be successfully diffused in building projects and firms. The Singapore government and other countries can refer to this study when further issuing BIM diffusion policies.
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Sung-Hwa, Kim, and JiA Beisi. "Flexible Building and Construction Systems in Traditional Korean Architecture." Open House International 37, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2012-b0003.
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Unlike the building forms, technology, and materials of today, the traditional Korean architecture represents an example of flexible building forms in history. Investigating and studying this type of architecture not only can contribute to the reform of architectural history by understanding how ordinary buildings change over time and how they interact with people but also may suggest the possibility of, and methodology for developing long-lasting and sustainable mass housing in Korea and in Asian cities. The first part of the paper demonstrates the structural, spatial, and functional flexibilities of traditional Korean architecture. The second part investigates the construction system, including the organization of builders and the regulations governing the relationship with the residents. Its systematic construction approach is associated with the specialization of construction and standardization and prefabrication of elements, facilitating the easy replacement and reuse of building materials. The paper is based on a research methodology of integrating historical archives and case studies. The main argument posited here is that knowledge and skill of traditional construction of flexibility suggest conceptual strategies to improve current housing design and construction in order to obtain a sustainable future.
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Pantic, Marijana, Jelena Zivanovic-Miljkovic, and Sasa Milijic. "Land use and building regulations: The case of spatial plans for protected natural areas (Serbia)." Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 17, no. 2 (2019): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuace190315010p.
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Land use and building regulation within protected natural areas in Serbia is specific in comparison to areas without this status. Since urban plans define the rules and conditions limited to urban settlements and locations of national priority (e.g. tourism resort in natural protected areas), other areas, including significant parts of protected natural areas, rely on spatial plans, which often contain elements of detailed urban planning (i.e. regulation and building rules). Preservation of ecologic and environmental functions is a priority in protected natural areas (particularly in zones of I and II level of protection), but they are also eligible for controlled development purposes in zone of III level of protection. Due to large distance from administrative centre and institutions responsible for building inspection, it is not rare case in Serbia that illegal building in protected areas makes them more exposed to illegal actions. Therefore, this paper focuses on the role of spatial plans in balancing between land use and building in protected natural areas on the one hand and nature protection on the other hand. In-depth analysis of chosen spatial plans, here is given a comprehensive review of building and land use postulates, regulations and different levels of protection applied in spatial planning. Starting from the Spatial Plan of the Republic of Serbia 2010- 2020, analysis gives a major significance to four special purpose area spatial plans of different kind: Gornje Podunavlje Special Nature Reserve, Tisa River Multifunctional Ecological Corridor, Kopaonik National Park and Vlasina Landscape of Exceptional Features. Finally, there is shown diversity and systematisation of existing measures, and contribution to understanding of challenges and recommendations on future improvements of methodology in planning and implementation of plans in order to enhance balance between development and protection.
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Richiedei, Anna. "The Valuation of Idle Real Estate in Rural Areas: Analysis and Territorial Strategies." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (October 7, 2020): 8240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198240.
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Knowledge of the environment and its weaknesses is the first step in addressing urban development in a more sustainable direction, seeking, for example, to limit the occupation of new land. This research presents a methodology for identifying unused buildings in rural areas and providing strategies for the recovery and reuse of building heritage. The reuse of idle buildings, which are numerous and widespread in Italian agricultural areas, represents a valid opportunity to contain land occupation, redevelop unused areas (often degraded) and develop employment opportunities and social dynamics (as in the case of nonresidential use). The paper defines an expeditious methodology for the identification and subsequent mapping, on a municipal scale, of the unused building heritage that is external to the consolidated urban fabric. The initial data from a case study for the municipality of Chiari (in Italy) are significant: more than 370 unused real estate structures were identified. A successive analysis identified the individual buildings that were completely unused and proposes an assessment of their potential recovery value. This methodology can be useful for directing municipal urban planning strategies and regulations for the recovery of buildings in rural areas and for environmentally acceptable land utilization.
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Hogan, Mark. "Re-Coding Planning." Boom 6, no. 1 (2016): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/boom.2016.6.1.24.
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This article looks at the barriers to dealing with California’s housing shortage and addressing climate change which are built into the existing regulations that govern development across the state. The history of planning and building codes is examined, showing that contrary to popular belief many of these rules were not implemented for health and safety reasons, but rather to boost property values by promoting economic and racial segregation. The article argues that the only way to deal with California’s current challenges is to start over with a new set of regulations that promote denser development at lower cost and steer the state away from building more automobile-dependent sprawl.
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Noga, Jacqueline, Jane Springett, and Nicholas Ashbolt. "Building the case for water and resource recovery in Canada: practitioners' perspectives." Water Policy 23, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2021.206.
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Abstract Water and resource recovery (WRR) involves the collection and treatment of rainwater, stormwater, and/or municipal wastewater to a fit-for-purpose standard. There is no national policy for WRR in Canada, and there are minimal WRR-specific provincial regulations; given this lack of regulation, current projects are highly specific to the local context and approved individually. We engaged people who work with water and wastewater services in the province of Alberta, Canada to discuss what WRR could look like in their context. During 3-h workshops, information on WRR was shared and participants engaged in discussions using a World Café process. Participants discussed the need for supportive regulations and government leadership, financial support, collaboration and knowledge sharing, education and communication, and accounting for risk and liability. Given that the participants are individuals who would be impacted by the development of regulations for WRR, we discuss concepts to provide the guidance needed for the successful implementation of WRR. This research connected experts in water and wastewater and gave space for developing ideas that make sense to those most closely involved in delivering WRR systems.
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Lutfi, Muhamad, and Ayub Maulana. "ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE RELIABILITY OF UTSMAN BIN AFFAN BUILDING (Case Study : Sekolah Islam Terpadu Aliya Bogor)." astonjadro 9, no. 2 (November 21, 2020): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.32832/astonjadro.v9i2.3111.
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<p>Indonesia's tectonic conditions at the meeting of the world's large plates and several small plates that cause the area associated with earthquakes, based on data from the Bogor City Disaster Mitigation, Bogor City is located in an earthquake prone area. Sekolah Islam Terpadu Aliya Bogor is located at Jalan Gardu Raya No. 03, Bubulak, Kecamatan Bogor Barat, Kota Bogor. This study evolved the structure of the school building in terms of the structure of the column and beam elements for the safety and security of its inhabitants. The buildings analyzed were Utsman Bin Affan building TK A and TK B which functioned as places for learning and teaching. The research method starts by analyzing the existing conditions, checking the quality of the concrete, then analyzing the structure using the help of the ETABS V9.7.4 program, and analyzing the column structure using the spColumn program. Structural modeling published in SNI 1727-2013 (concerning loading), SNI 2847-2013 (concerning concrete structure requirements), SNI 1726-2012 (regarding earthquake repair planning), and PPIUG-1983 (concerning Indonesian loading regulations for buildings). The results of the analysis of the Utsman Bin Affan building with 2-story building specifications column dimensions 25 x 25 cm, beams 20 x 40 cm, column concrete quality fc '= 24.74 MPa, concrete beam quality fc' = 26, 59 MPa, principal reinforcement D16 with fy = 390 MPa, shear reinforcement Ø10 Fy = 240 MPa, the results of analysis of existing columns and beams are in accordance with the requirements of SNI 2847-2013, based on that the buildings are approved, and the result of analysis beams does not exceed strength (O / S).</p><p> </p>
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Barman*, Amal, Dr Madhumita Roy, and Dr Arpan Dasgupta. "Climatic Envelope as an Urban Planning Tool to Configure Urban Fabric of Guwahati City to Support Daylight and Natural Ventilation." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 10, no. 3 (February 28, 2021): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.c2208.0210321.
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Over the last decade, as a result of rapid urban growth and increasing human population, Guwahati city is witnessing multilayered transformation owing to socio-economic, geo-political and technological issues. This constant increase of built form is resulting haphazard urban growth pattern in down town city areas sacrificing the access to daylight and solar radiation inside residential buildings. Even though the development pattern of Guwahati is controlled by established GMDA building bye-laws; these building regulations and guidelines are unable to control the organic growth of the city since there is no climate-sensitive approach available in the existing GMDA bye-laws. This paper aims to discuss the likelihood of constructing a composite climatic envelope by using daylight spacing angle and solar elevation angle techniques within the residential zone of Guwahati city. This paper also analyses how climatic envelope technique helps to establish an efficient height-to-width (H/W) ratio in spatial arrangement of residential neighbourhood and ensures a higher levels of daylight factor (DF), permits solar access to the neighboring buildings and also enables better ventilation rate inside every rooms of residential buildings. This paper analyses further to discuss about the performance of natural ventilation inside building envelope and reviews the common energy code of openable window to floor area (WFRop) ratio in urban residential buildings. During this study, an existing urban spatial arrangement of residential neighbourhood under GMDA jurisdiction is studied, discussed and analysed. Results of this study, plotting H/W ratio against average daylight factor and ventilation rate can be used as a preliminary urban design tool to configure the urban fabric especially within the residential zone of GMDA area.
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Gregório-Atem, Camila, Carolina Aparicio-Fernández, Helena Coch, and José-Luis Vivancos. "Opaque Ventilated Façade (OVF) Thermal Performance Simulation for Office Buildings in Brazil." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 16, 2020): 7635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187635.
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Opaque ventilated façades (OVFs) are increasingly gaining in importance in the design of sustainable buildings, given that they can lessen the building´s environmental impact. Opaque ventilated façades can reduce thermal gains in hot climate zones, improving the thermal comfort indoors, and reducing air conditioning demand. Nevertheless, the thermal behaviour of the opaque ventilated façade depends on the climatic conditions and the building´s specific design. This study analyses the effect of opaque ventilated façades in office buildings using 30 constructive configurations under eight tropical climate conditions. The study considers three options for the external layer of cladding (ceramic, stone, and aluminium composite material) and two configurations for the inner layer (plasterboard with mineral wool and ceramic). Simulations were carried out using the software tools TRanNsient SYstem Simulation program (TRNSYS) and TRNFlow. The model developed considers bioclimatic characteristics, including solar radiation and wind conditions for each climatic zone. The operating temperature was selected from within the range established by occupant comfort regulations. The findings suggest that it is possible to select the best office building opaque ventilated façade configuration for each of the specific climate conditions in Brazil.
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Imrie, Rob. "The role of the building regulations in achieving housing quality." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 31, no. 3 (2004): 419–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b3056.
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Onecha, Belén, Alicia Dotor, and Carlos Marmolejo-Duarte. "Beyond Cultural and Historic Values, Sustainability as a New Kind of Value for Historic Buildings." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 23, 2021): 8248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158248.
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In attempts to improve the energy efficiency of protected historical buildings, two barriers arise. The first is the restrictions imposed by authorities that are responsible for cultural heritage preservation. The second is the exclusion of protected buildings from strict compliance with energy efficiency requirements in current regulations, such as the issue of an Energy Performance Certificate, which removes them from conventional channels of public policies. Both of these issues put heritage in a delicate situation, especially when they are intended for privately developed residential uses. This paper presents a methodology for assessing and establishing a trade-off between energy performance and the cultural value of heritage buildings through the comprehensive analysis of a case study: the retrofitting of Can Armengol Palace in Palma de Mallorca (Spain). The study revealed (1) the need to objectify the cultural values of the building as far as possible to identify conflicts with the strategies of energy efficiency improvement; and (2) the appropriateness of considering every aspect of a rehabilitation intervention in a global simultaneous approach, not just energy aspects. The method that was used had five steps: acquiring a deep knowledge of the building configuration, assessing the building performance for every legal requirement, identifying cultural values, defining intervention criteria, and analyzing intervention effects on the protected elements of the building. The most important contribution in this study is the detailed and extended definition of architectural heritage values and the consideration of interventions resulting from sustainability retrofits as a new kind of value, that reflects current worries, for which future generations will remember us.
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Raboshakga, Ngwako, and Oliver Fuo. "Appropriate Internal Appeal Mechanisms for Approval of Building Plans: Exploring the Gaps Left by the Constitutional Court." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal 23 (September 16, 2020): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2020/v23i0a7938.
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This article explores the gaps left by the Constitutional Court's jurisprudence in relation to what the appropriate internal appeal mechanism should be at the level of municipalities for the approval of building plans. This follows the unanimous judgment of the Constitutional Court in City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality v Chairman of the National Building Regulations Review Board 2018 5 SA 1 (CC) in which the Court found section 9 of the National Building Regulations and Building Standards Act 103 of 1977 (NBR Act), subjecting municipal building decisions to appeal by a "Review Board" appointed by the Minister of Trade and Industry, to be inconsistent with the original constitutional powers of municipalities over planning and building regulations. We argue that although the ground for holding section 9 of the NBR Act unconstitutional is already deeply entrenched in the Court's planning jurisprudence, the judgment has left a whopping gap on where prospective/future appeals can be lodged and the nature of such an appeal mechanism, where municipal officials disapprove building plans in terms of section 7 of the NBR Act. It is submitted that the invalidation of section 9 by the Court has completely left it up to each individual municipality to decide on whether and how an internal appeal for the approval of building plans is to be pursued. After exploring the options available in terms of other local government legislation, we argue that the most appropriate way to close the gap left by the Court is for Parliament to enact an amendment to the NBR Act providing for an internal appeal mechanism that allows for a measure of coherence and uniformity across municipalities, and yet respects the autonomy of local government.
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Pham, Duy Hoang, Byeol Kim, Joosung Lee, Abraham Chiwon Ahn, and Yonghan Ahn. "A Comprehensive Analysis: Sustainable Trends and Awarded LEED 2009 Credits in Vietnam." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (January 23, 2020): 852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12030852.
Full textAbstract:
Established by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) became a sustainable leader of green building rating systems in American and many other countries. In Vietnam, LEED is expected as a potential solution in improving the sustainable quality of buildings for residents and solving the housing/infrastructure demand with a limit in resource consumption and minimizing negative environmental impacts. The study analyzed the awarded LEED 2009 credits by investigating the data of 36 of the total 42 LEED BC+D 2009 certified projects in Vietnam. The results of the investigation indicated the awarded credits were significantly implemented in Vietnam. These results were converted based on the summary updated on LEED version 4 of the USGBC report, to become a useful guideline for green building cost-efficiency strategies. Additionally, it also served as reference data for the Vietnamese public agency to update their green regulations based on the specific characteristics of Vietnam.