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1
Afrin, S., S. Debnath, ANMI Rahman, RC Paul, and MAMY Khandoker. "Selection of Black Bengal buck based on fertility and field progeny performance." Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 43, no. 1 (June 30, 2014): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v43i1.19379.
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This study was aimed for selection of Black Bengal bucks based on their fertility and the performance of their progeny in field condition. Data on buck were collected from a nucleus breeding flock and on progeny at field level. The traits considered were birth weight, weight at every 3-m interval up to 12 m of age. Average daily gain (g/day) on 90 progeny produced from 10 bucks and semen parameters on these bucks were collected. Heritability estimates obtained for birth weight, 3, 6, 9 and 12-m weights and average daily gain of progeny were found to be 0.41±0.08, 0.49±0.07, 0.46±0.08, 0.48±0.28, 0.50±0.09 and 0.49±0.06, respectively. The high heritability estimates of body weights indicated that there is a good opportunity for genetic improvement of this trait in a selection scheme. Heritability estimates obtained for semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm motility, sperm livability and normal sperm were 0.11±0.04, 0.25±0.07, 0.13±0.08, 0.12±0.08 and 0.06±0.03, respectively. The highest non return rate was observed in bucks of 32, 52 and 57 (66.67±6.75%). The lowest was found in buck 48 (41.67±5.65%). Among 10 bucks, first 3 top buck IDs were 52, 57 and 54 on the basis of BV at birth weight. Selection index of bucks for all traits was calculated and bucks were ranked accordingly. The highest selection index of three bucks ID were 52, 7 and 4 (1009.39, 934.595 and 865.808, respectively). It can be concluded that these top ranking three bucks can be selected and conserved for production and preservation of frozen semen for long term use.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v43i1.19379 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 43 (1): 11-20
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Mulley, R. C., and A. W. English. "The effects of castration of fallow deer (Dama dama) on body growth and venison production." Animal Science 41, no. 3 (December 1985): 359–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100036412.
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AbstractCastration of fallow deer (Dama dama) at 7 months of age resulted in a depressed growth rate to slaughter at 20 months of age, compared with entire bucks. The castrated bucks were significantly lighter at 15 and 20 months of age respectively (P < 0·001). The mean carcass weight of castrated bucks was 6·2 kg lighter and their dressing proportion 0·07 lower than entire bucks. The potential loss of income per carcass is equivalent to A$27·00 per castrated buck at 1984 prices, with a further potential loss of A$30·00 per head from velvet antler production prior to slaughter, if this is deferred until 2 years of age. It is suggested that the only advantage that castrated bucks would have over dean tiered entire bucks occurs during the rutting period of 3 to 6 weeks from early April, when entire bucks are extremely aggressive, and difficult to confine and transport without risk of injury and bruising of carcasses.
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Bastola, R., M. R. Kolachhapati, N. A. Gorkhali, R. Poudel, S. Sharma, and S. Sapkota. "Effect of Non-Genetic Factors on Different Genetic Group of Buck’s Semen Quality and Quantity at National Livestock Breeding Center, Nepal." Nepalese Veterinary Journal 35 (December 31, 2018): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nvj.v35i0.25214.
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This study was conducted to assess the quality and quantity aspects of different genetic group of buck’s semen used for Artificial Insemination (AI) at National Livestock Breeding Centre (NLBC), Pokhara. For this, records from different breeds and genetic groups of buck semen collected over 3 years (2014-2016) were analyzed. Parameters such as volume, density, mass motility, initial motility concentration and post thaw motility were analysed for various non-genetic factors like year, season, green based feeding. Data were analyzed by least square method using Harvey 1990 software package. The result showed that different genetic group of bucks (P<0.001) have highly significant effect (P=0.00) on volume of semen. Significant interaction (P=0.01, 0.001) was observed between year and season on volume and density of the semen. Similarly, different genetic group of bucks had significant effect on density (P=0.03). Year showed a significant effect (P=0.02) on initial motility of the buck semen. Similarly, significant interaction between year and season on initial motility percentage (P=0.01) and post thaw motility percentage (P=0.00) was found. Likewise, year has a significant effect (P=0.01) on the Post thaw motility percentage (P=0.03) of the semen. Also, a significant effect of different breed of buck was found on post thaw motility percentage (P=0.00). In addition, the average post thaw motility percentage semen of all the genetic groups of bucks was above 52% which is considered as a good percentage for the success of AI. This result might be due to use of egg yolk free extender which is soya-based protein. Moreover, adoption of new buck semen processing technologies might further improve the semen quality and long term storability along with better management and distribution of these buck semen by Government of Nepal through livestock unit at different municipalities will improve the conception rate and save huge effort and investment for the importation of buck semen.
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Niran, Ayanniyi, Olushola O. O., Abimbade S. A., Gbanguba A. U., Umar A., Eze J. N., and Orimogunje A. D. "Quality Attributes of Suya from Indigenous Goat Breeds (Bucks) in Nigeria." BADEGGI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND ENVIRONMENT 4, no. 3 (December 31, 2022): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35849/bjare202203/72/004.
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A study was conducted to evaluate the percentage yield (%), proximate composition and organoleptic evaluation of the freshly prepared Suya product from indigenous goat (buck) breeds in Nigeria .Thigh muscle with average weights of 3.1±0.2 kg was excised from the carcasses of 9 fully matured bucks managed intensively for 90 days. The Chevon were dissected into smaller pieces of 10 cm long. The meat samples were thereafter trimmed of visible fats. They were also finely trimmed to very thin sheets of meat about 0.22 - 0.32 mm in thickness and with a length of about 4.5 cm - 9.3 cm. A total of 99 Suya sticks was prepared with 11 from each buck weighing approximately 88.50 g per stick. Suya ingredients used for the experiment were sourced from Bodija Market, Ibadan. The results showed that weight losses were considerable in all the treatments but the yield was not significantly different (P>0.05) among the breeds. There was also no significant difference in moisture contents among the treatment groups while the protein, ether extract and crude fibre differed significantly across the treatments. Texture of Suya from Sahel bucks with 6.81±0.3 was significantly higher than 5.4±0.3 and 5.5±0.4 for WAD and Red Sokoto bucks respectively. The overall acceptability of Suya from Sahel bucks with 6.24 and Red Sokoto bucks with (6.9±0.1) were similar and most accepted than 5.10 of that from West African dwarf bucks.
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Bartoš, L., and S. Losos. "Response of antler growth to changing rank of fallow deer buck during the velvet period." Canadian Journal of Zoology 75, no. 11 (November 1, 1997): 1934–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z97-823.
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We examined how strongly any change in rank of a male fallow deer (Dama dama) during antler growth affected the pattern of development of his antlers. Rank was determined from victories in fights with other bucks and summarized as "dominance success," recorded at specific, well-defined stages of antler growth. We tested whether the size attained by various parts of the antler is more closely related to dominance success of the buck during their development than to average success over the whole velvet period. To test this hypothesis, 10 fallow deer bucks aged 4 years were observed throughout the velvet period. After the velvet was shed, the antlers were measured. Most of the measured characteristics of the antlers reflected dominance success during the time that they were developing rather than the average rank over the whole period of antler growth. Thus, changes in behaviour related to rank modified antler growth. Bucks gaining higher rank through fighting more bucks exhibited enhanced growth of that part of the antler that was just developing. This changed if the buck lost his position.
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Araya, J., M. Bedos, G. Duarte, H. Hernández, M. Keller, P. Chemineau, and J. A. Delgadillo. "Maintaining bucks over 35 days after a male effect improves pregnancy rate in goats." Animal Production Science 57, no. 10 (2017): 2066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an16194.
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The ovulation can be induced by the introduction of a male among a group of anovulatory goats, a phenomenon called the ‘male effect’. The objective of this study was to determine whether maintaining bucks over 35 days after the initial introduction of males, improves pregnancy rate in goats. We used sexually active bucks, which were joined (n = 2 each) with three groups of goats (n = 30 each): (i) males remained with females for 15 days (Control group); (ii) males remained with females for 35 days (same buck group); (iii) males were removed at Day 23 and replaced by other males, which were not familiar to the females and which remained with females until Day 35 (new buck group). Percentage of goats ovulating did not differ among groups at Day 19 (≥87%; P = 0.12). Pregnancy rates at Day 35 did not differ between groups (≥70%; P = 0.90). At Day 55, pregnancy rates were similar in the same and new buck groups (96%; P = 1.0), but were higher than that of the Control group (73%; P < 0.05). Therefore, maintaining bucks over 35 days after the onset of the male effect improved pregnancy rate more than 20 points compared with females that remained with the same bucks for 15 days only.
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Sobey, WR, and D. Conolly. "Myxomatosis - Nongenetic Aspects of Resistance to Myxomatosis in Rabbits, Oryctolagus-Cuniculus." Wildlife Research 13, no. 2 (1986): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9860177.
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Evidence is presented which suggests the transmission by bucks which have recovered from myxomatosis of a factor which confers on their offspring a non-genetic survival advantage against myxomatosis. This factor appears to be transmitted also to the offspring of does which have previously been mated to recovered bucks and then to non-recovered bucks. This advantage was greatest where a buck and his offspring had been exposed to the same virus strain. Fibroma immunization of bucks appears to remove this factor. It is suggested that much of the observed resistance in rabbit populations may be due to this non-genetic factor rather than to genetic resistance, and that resistance, at least in a domestic population selected for resistance, rose quickly initially and then very slowly.
8
Gipson, Terry A., Steven P. Hart, Ryszard Puchala, Zaisen Wang, Jessica Quijada, Margaret Garcia-Gill, and James Sanders. "PSX-20 Internal parasite resistance measured on pasture and in confinement of young Kiko bucks." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 454–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.791.
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Abstract Resistance to internal parasites (IP) is important in the sustainability of a meat goat enterprise. Langston University (LU) and the American Kiko Goat Association conducted a SecondGeneration Buck Performance Test in 2019. The performance test measured fecal egg count (FEC) and packed-cell volume (PCV) in a natural challenge of 6 wk on pasture (PAS) and in an artificial challenge in dry-lot confinement (CON). Seventy-seven Kiko bucks less than 1 yr of age completed both PAS and CON. The PAS was conducted on a 23-ha pasture with native grasses and forbs. Bucks were supplemented at 0.5% BW (25.8±0.18 kg) daily to facilitate visual inspection of animals. CON was conducted at LU’s testing facility. Bucks were sampled every 2 wk in PAS. In CON, bucks were sampled on d 29, 34, and 38 following an artificial challenge with each buck receiving 7,000 L3 Haemonchus contortus larvae. Average FEC and PCV for each buck for PAS and CON were analyzed. The correlation between FEC-PAS and PCV-PAS was -0.283 (P < 0.05), which is almost identical to the correlation between FEC-CON and PCV-CON (r=-0.280, P < 0.05). The Spearman rank correlation between FEC-PAS and FEC-CON was 0.069 (P > 0.50). However, the Spearman rank correlation between PCV-PAS and PCV-CON was 0.376 (P < 0.01). Using mixed model methods, the means for FEC-CON and FEC-PAS were similar (1,428 vs 1,698±169 epg for CON and PAS, respectively). However, PCV were different (P < 0.01), with 28.3 vs. 20.7±0.34 for CON and PAS, respectively. Pasture PCV was a predictor of PCV in confinement and vice versa; however, that was not true for FEC, indicating that FEC in PAS and in CON may be two separate traits. Future buck performance tests should incorporate pasture and confinement phases to more precisely identify superior bucks for IP resistance.
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Rahman, A., MM Hossain, M. Khan, MT Kamal, and MA Hashem. "Effect of Heat Stress on Bucks Adaptability and Semen Characteristics." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 9, no. 1 (November 8, 2016): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v9i1.30309.
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The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of heat stress on adaptability and semen quality of buck. Almost similar 10 Black Bengal bucks were selected for the study at Artificial Insemination Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh. Prerequisite biological data were collected from each animal before keeping them sun heat and after 1 hour sun exposure. Different semen characteristics of each animal were measured. Temperature humidity index (THI) was 19.95 in the morning which indicate all the animals were in absence of heat stress and THI was 25.54 in the noon which indicate all the animals were in severe heat stress at noon. Buck 1 and buck 5 were more heat resistant (p<0.01), because their thermolysis capacity (TC) values were less than the others. There were no differences in tunica dartos index and semen characteristics among different bucks (p>0.05). Positive correlation between sperm motility and testis length (p<0.05), and negative correlation between sperm concentration and scrotal skin temperature (p<0.05) were found. From the study it can be concluded that all the bucks were in severe heat stress at noon time and TC can be used as an indicator for selection of buck for heat tolerance.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(1): 151-156 2016
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Munza, B. M., M. R. Hassan, R. J. Tanko, S. M. Otaru, D. J. U. Kalla, and S. M. Yashim. "Dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in growing Red sokoto bucks fed Sorghum bicolor hay supplemented with concentrate." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 44, no. 3 (January 2, 2021): 332–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v44i3.679.
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During the dry season, forages are low in quantity and quality; hence lacks the essential nutrients that are prerequisite for growth in ruminants, suggesting a supplemental feeding. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in growing Red Sokoto bucks fed Sorghum bicolor hay supplemented with concentrate. Eight growing Red Sokoto bucks with average body weight of 15±1.0 kg were randomly allotted to two dietary treatments containing S. bicolor hay/concentrate mixture (100:0 and 60:40). The bucks were individually fed at 3.5% body weight daily for a period of 21 days in a completely randomised design with four replicates per treatment. The parameters measured were dry matter intake, water intake, amount of faeces voided, volume of urine and costs of feeding. Total dry matter intake (424.64g/day) was significantly (p<0.05) higher in 60:40 dietary treatment than 100:0 treatment (353.57g/day). The digestibility coefficients of crude fibre (92.34 %), acid detergent fibre (71.46 %) and neutral detergent fibre (69.77 %) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in Red Sokoto bucks fed Sorghum bicolor hay:concentrate ratio of 100:0 compared to bucks fed 60:40 diet with crude fibre (87.25 %), acid detergent fibre (59.67 %) and neutral detergent fibre (60.08 %) digestibility coefficient values. However, crude protein (78.49 %) and ash (70.04 %) digestibility coefficients in bucks fed 60:40 diet were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those fed 100:0 diet with 38.14 % crude protein and 21.45 % ash digestibility coefficients. There was an increasing trend (p<0.05) in all parameters measured when concentrate was supplemented. The nitrogen retained (7.55 g/day), nitrogen retained as % intake (68.76 %) and nitrogen absorbed as % intake (78.46 %) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in Red Sokoto bucks fed 60:40 diets when compared with that of 100:0 diet which recorded 0.69 g/day nitrogen retained, 23.87 % nitrogen retained as % intake and 38.15 % as nitrogen absorbed as % intake, respectively. Total costs per kg of feed (N78.13K) and costs of feeding per buck (N696.72K) were significantly (p<0.05) higher for 60:40 diet than 100:0 diet with N45.83K total costs per kg feed and N340.29K costs of feeding per buck. It is therefore, concluded that concentrate supplementation on Sorghum bicolor hay enhances its utilisation by growing Red Sokoto bucks in terms of increased dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention in Northern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria.
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Amaduruonye, Wisdom, Joshua Nathaniel, Christopher Agboje Agida, Yakubu Ibrahim, Chidinma A. Ndukauba, and Udo Herbert. "Semen and haematological responses of rabbit bucks administered oral folic acid." Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine 6, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/jasvm2020.239.
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Some researchers have inferred that folic acid is necessary for reproduction and could enhance blood formation. Thus, a Completely Randomized Design Experiment (CRD) was conducted to evaluate the impact of oral administration of folic acid on the semen and haematological characteristics of New Zealand White rabbit bucks. The treatments designated treatment 1 (T1), treatment 2 (T2) and treatment 3 (T3) having 12 rabbits each were replicated 3 times with 4 rabbits per replicate. The ages of the 36 pre-pubertal rabbit bucks were between 2 to 3 months, and weighed approximately 2.56 kg. Three experimental diets were formulated to meet the nutrient requirements of rabbit bucks. Each rabbit buck on T1 were orally administered folic acid at 0.0 mg, T2 2.5mg folic acid and T3 5.0 mg folic, respectively. Data were collected for semen characteristics and haematology from the rabbit bucks. Data collected on different parameters were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results showed that significant increases (p<0.05) were observed on libido, semen pH, spermatozoa progressive motility (67.40-80.20%), spermatozoa live proportion (83.01-94.12%), sperm concentration (112.24-133.80 x106/ml), total number of sperm per ejaculate (50.65-67.66 x106/ml), total viable sperm (291.58-496.69 x109/ml), normal sperm proportion (85.16-91.64%). Also, significant reductions (p<0.05) were observed on the percentage head abnormality of the spermatozoa (3.74-3.18), total abnormality (2.13-0.93), mid-piece abnormality (2.35-0.79), cytoplasmic abnormality (7.17-2.89), and total abnormality (14.84-8.35); while the haematological parameters such as haemoglobin (13.53-14.20g/dl), packed cell volume (33.00-34.96%), white blood cell (6.81-7.80 x103mm3) and the differential white blood cells improved significantly (p<0.05) following the oral administration of folic acids to the rabbit bucks. Thus, the oral administrations of folic acid at 5.0 mg per rabbit buck most significantly improved the semen characteristics, enhanced the overall spermatozoa morphology, reduced sperm cells abnormalities and also improved some haematological parameters of the rabbit bucks.
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Karunakaran, M., Vivek C. Gajare, Ajoy Mandal, Mohan Mondal, S. K. Das, M. K. Ghosh, S. Rai, and R. Behera. "Electrophoretic profile of seminal proteins and their correlation with in vitro sperm characters in Black Bengal buck semen." Veterinary World 12, no. 5 (May 2019): 621–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.621-628.
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Aim: This study aimed to study the electrophoretic properties of seminal plasma and sperm proteins of Black Bengal buck semen and their correlation with in vitro sperm characters and freezability. Materials and Methods: Semen ejaculates from nine Black Bengal bucks were collected by artificial vagina (n=20/buck). Ejaculates were evaluated for in vitro sperm characters and electrophoretic profile of seminal protein. In vitro sperm characters were evaluated immediately after collection, after completion of equilibration period, and after freeze-thawing. For seminal protein studies, seminal plasma proteins were precipitated by ice-cold ethanol method, and sperm proteins were extracted by Triton X detergent extraction method. Discontinuous sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was performed to assess the molecular weight of seminal proteins. Correlation between in vitro sperm characters and protein bands was determined by Pearson's correlation coefficient, and two-way ANOVA was applied to find the individual buck differences. Results: Significant difference (p<0.01) among the bucks was noticed in the in vitro sperm characters evaluated at all the three stages of semen evaluation such as immediately after collection, after completion of equilibration period, and post-freeze thawing. Progressive loss of sperm motility, membrane integrity, and other in vitro sperm characters were noticed during cryopreservation. A total of ten protein bands in the molecular weight ranging from 17 to 180 kDa were found in the SDS-PAGE of seminal plasma proteins, while nine bands of 17-134 kDa were observed in sperm proteins. Seminal plasma proteins of molecular weight 75, 62-49, 20, and 17 kDa and sperm proteins of 75, 20, and 17 kDa were present in all the nine bucks (100%) screened, and variation among the bucks was noticed for the presence of other proteins. Seminal plasma protein of 180-134 kDa showed a negative correlation with individual motility (−0.716) and functional membrane integrity of sperm cells (−0.724) in post-freeze-thaw analysis and 48 kDa protein had a positive correlation with individual motility (0.649) and functional membrane integrity of sperm cells (0.664) in post-thaw analysis. Sperm proteins of 63 kDa had a negative correlation (−0.616) with sperm concentration in neat semen. Conclusion: Variation among the bucks was noticed in the in vitro sperm characters and semen freezability. Correlation between seminal proteins and in vitro sperm characters and semen freezability had been found which might be useful as a tool to select breeding bucks.
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AKINGBADE, A. A., I. V. NSAHLAI, and C. D. MORRIS. "The effects of Leucaena leucocephala on semen quality, fertility and reproductive performance of dihydroxy pyridone-adapted South African Nguni goats." Journal of Agricultural Science 139, no. 2 (September 2002): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185960200240x.
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The effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala on semen quality and fertility were examined using four dihydroxy pyridone (DHP)-adapted (21.0, 26.5, 27.0 and 31.0 kg) and four DHP-unadapted (28.0, 31.0, 40.0 and 44.0 kg) South African indigenous Nguni bucks (mature male goats). The DHP-adapted bucks were assigned to air-dried Leucaena leucocephala forage (LL; Leucaena group) while the unadapted ones were maintained on a cereal-based concentrate diet (C; concentrate group) containing 122 g crude protein (CP)/kg over an 84-day period. Buck semen samples were collected on days 0 and 77 of the study. On the last day of the study (day 84), bucks in the Leucaena group were divided into two equal subgroups; a subgroup was assigned to Leucaena leucocephala-grass pasture (LGP) with ten does (mature female goats) while the second subgroup was assigned to natural pasture (NP) with nine does. Similarly, the two concentrate subgroups were separately assigned to mate nine and ten does on LGP and NP plots, respectively. The proportions of normal semen on both groups were not significantly different. However, semen quality on LL treatment increased significantly (P = 0.004) between days 0 and 77 and probably explains the significant (P<0.01) difference between the fertility rates of bucks on both treatments. There was no evidence that feeding LL was detrimental to semen quality and fertility of bucks and to conception among females mated by the bucks fed the forage; perhaps due to the fact that the bucks had adapted to DHP as a result of the DHP-degrading rumen bacteria (Synergistes jonesii) that were transferred to them by the does. Synergistes jonesii is known to be capable of detoxifying mimosine and its toxic metabolites to innocuous compounds.
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Agustono, B., D. L. Safitri, A. L. Saputro, R. A. Prastiya, N. M. Kusuma, and E. D. Y. Sari. "The effect of Caesalpinia sappan extract on body weight and carcass weight of bucks (Cuniculus forma domestica) exposed to heat stress." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1036, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1036/1/012115.
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Abstract The aim of this research was to determine the effect of Caesalpinia sappan L. extract on body weight and carcass weight of bucks exposed by heat stress. This research used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The experimental animal were 5 month old bucks of rex type. The bucks were divided into 4 groups and given different treatments for 28 days, namely K + (complete feed + heat stress), K- (complete feed), P1 (complete feed + Caesalpinia sappan L. 100mg/kg feed + heat stress), and P2 (complete feed + Caesalpinia sappan L. 300 mg/kg feed + heat stress). The observed variables were the body weight and the carcass weight of the bucks. Parametric data was analyzed using ANOVA. The average body weight was K+ (2220.00), K- (2239.80), P1 (2241.60), P2 (2242.00). The average carcass weight was K+ (1132.40), K- (1232.00), P1 (1233.00), P2 (1233.20). The results of study showed that there was a significant difference (P<0.05) between the treatment and control group. Based on the research conducted, it can be concluded that the administration of Caesalpinia sappan L. extract can maintain the body weight and carcass weight of buck exposed to heat stress.
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Ayanniyi, N. N., O. O. Olusola, S. A. Adeyemi, S. B. Akinleye, M. Alfa, J. N. Eze, A. Umar, and A. A. Ajadi. "Growth and Chevon Characteristics of Indigenous Breeds of Goat (Buck) in Nigeria." BADEGGI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND ENVIRONMENT 3, no. 3 (December 1, 2021): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35849/bjare202103004.
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A trial was conducted at the Sheep and Goat Unit of Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Ibadan, Ibadan to evaluate the effect of breeds on growth, carcass characteristics and meat yield of indigenous goats (bucks) in Nigeria. Fifteen growing bucks: five each of Sahel bucks-SB, West African Dwarf bucks (WADB) and Red Sokoto bucks(RSB) weighing 9.8±0.2, 10.0±0.4 and 9.9±0.3, respectively were fed isocaloric diet for 90 days. The experiment was laid out in a complete randomized design. Final Body Weight (FBW), Average Daily Weight Gain (ADWG) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were measured using standard procedures. Three bucks per breed were thereafter sacrificed and Dressing Percentage (DP), Meat yield, Rib eye area (REA) and Water holding capacity (WHC) were determined. The Final Body Weight of 16.1kg in Sahel bucks and 17.5kg Red Sokoto bucks were similar but significantly lower than 20.3kg of West African Dwarf bucks. Also, the Feed Conversion Ratio of 10.4 for the Sahel bucks and 9.8 of Red Sokoto bucks were significantly higher than 7.3 of West African Dwarf bucks. The Dressing Percentage was highest in West African Dwarf bucks (46.6%) and least in Sahel bucks (33.5%). West African Dwarf bucks yielded more meat lean (67.4%) and were comparatively higher than Sahel bucks (60.1%) and Red Sokoto bucks (61.5%). The Rib eye area (cm2) was also higher in West African Dwarf bucks (1.4) compared to Sahel bucks (1.1) and Red Sokoto bucks (1.1).
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AL-Ameri, Maad, Talal Abdulkareem, and Ahmed Taha. "The effect of hormonal treatment with kisspeptin, GnRH and hCG on semen characteristics in buck Cyprus goats during non-breeding season as compared with breeding season." Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences 12, no. 1 (June 20, 2019): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37940/ajvs.2019.12.1.9.
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The current study aimed to determine the effect of hormonal treatment with kisspeptin, GnRH and hCG on plasma testosterone concentration and semen characteristics in buck Cyprus goats during non-breeding season as compared with breeding season. This study was executed at the Ruminant Researches Station pertaining to the Directorate of Agricultural Researches, Ministry of Agriculture, Abu-Ghraib, Baghdad (latitude 33˚20' N) for the period from November 15th, 2012 to December 〖31〗^st 2013. A total of 20 buck Cyprus goats 2 years old and averages 55 kg body weight. During non-breeding season bucks were randomly divided into five equal groups (4 bucks / group). The first group (A1) was regarded as a control group, i.m injected with normal saline, whereas, the second (A2) and third (A3) groups were i.v injected with 4 and 8 µg / kg body weight of Kisspeptin-10 respectively. The fourth (A4) and fifth (A5) groups were i.m injected with hCG (250 IU / buck) and GnRH (20 µg / buck) respectively. Plasma testosterone concentrations were significantly (P≤ 0.01 and P≤ 0.05) increased at 20, 30, 40 and 50 min post-treatment in A5, A2 and A3 groups as compared with control A1. Mass motility and individual motility were significantly (P≤ 0.01) in A5, A4, A2 and A3 as compared with control during non-breeding season. In conclusion, our results show that Kisspeptin-10, GnRH and hCG can stimulate the quiescent hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis of bucks during non-breeding season by increasing plasma testosterone concentration post treatment that leads improving some semen characteristics during non-breeding season.
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Gangwar, Chetna, Gururaj Kumaresan, Anil Kumar Mishra, Ashok Kumar, Sonia Saraswat, Suresh Dinkar Kharche, and B. Rai. "Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus species isolates from buck semen and their effect on semen quality." Journal of Reproductive Healthcare and Medicine 3 (November 21, 2022): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/jrhm_3_2022.
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Objective: Buck reproductive health is the key for breeding and production of quality semen. To assess the health of breeding bucks, in this study, we detected the presence of Staphylococcus spp in semen. Staphylococcus aureus is a common commensal and opportunistic pathogenic bacteria and is also a cause of many diseases in animals. Besides this, it can also deteriorate the semen quality. Materials and Methods: In this study, we collected 48 semen ejaculates from healthy bucks of three breeds, namely, Jamunapari, Barbari, and Jakhrana to assess the presence of Staphylococcus spp. Besides bacteriological study, the semen was also assessed for semen quality parameters in infected as well as in non-infected semen samples. Results and Conclusion: The semen quality was significantly deteriorated with Staphylococcus infection. The bacterial infection was initially confirmed as Staphylococcus spp. based on the Gram’s staining and growth on Mannitol salt agar. Based on this preliminary bacteriological analysis, 52.08% (n = 25) of the samples were found positive for Staphylococcus spp. from the total 48 buck semen ejaculates belonging to three different goat breeds. The isolates were confirmed based on the basis of multiplex PCR and the species identified were S. aureus, Staphylococcus sciuri, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus chromogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus simulans directly in the buck semen. By this study, it is evident that semen can get contamination from a buck which has the presence of staphylococcus in the reproductive tract and semen quality is adversely affected. Hence, it is important to ensure the health and hygiene of the bucks maintained for semen production for artificial insemination.
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Hafid, Anita, Riasari Gail Sianturi, Diana Andrianita Kusumaningrum, Yeni Widiawati, Anneke Anggraeni, and Ferdy Saputra. "The quality of buck semen after feed additive minoxvit administration." Livestock and Animal Research 19, no. 1 (March 22, 2021): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/lar.v19i1.41894.
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<p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Objective: </strong>Reproduction and nutritional status is closely related. Nutritional deficiency or insufficiency directly affects reproductive efficiency. Deficiency of nutrition could affect the sperm quality and the ability to fertilize. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of feed additive (Minoxvit) on semen quality of buck.</p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used 6 sexually mature bucks, aged 1.5 years old. The bucks were fed daily with 3 kg of freshly chopped king grass, 1 kg of Legume (<em>Calliandra</em> sp.), and 500 g of concentrate. Three bucks were given Minoxvit by 1.25 g/day in the concentrate, while three other bucks were considered as control. Semen was evaluated once a week for 49 days. Semen was evaluated macroscopically and microscopically. The macroscopic evaluation consisted of volume, color, and consistency of semen, while microscopic evaluation consisted of mass motility, sperm motility, viability, and sperm concentration. Data were analyzed using Completely Randomized Design with Tukey test.<strong></strong></p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>The result showed significantly different (<em>P</em><0,05) in which bucks semen in Minoxvit addition group had higher semen volume (0.75 ml vs 0.54 ml), mass motility (3.32 vs 2.67), sperm motility (70% vs 58 %), sperm viability (86.67% vs 79.19%), and sperm consentration (2,6x10<sup>9</sup> mL vs 1,7x10<sup>9</sup> mL).<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study concludes that the addition of Minoxvit has a positive influence on the quality of buck sperms providing volume, mass motility, individual motility, viability, and concentration of the sperm.</p>
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Embark, Jamal A. "EFFECTS OF PARSLEY SEEDS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS AS NATURAL ADDITIVES ON SEMEN QUALITY IN RABBIT MALES." Scientific Journal of Applied Sciences of Sabratha University 1, no. 1 (December 27, 2018): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.47891/sabujas.v1i1.81-92.
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This study is designed to evaluate the effect of using parsley seeds (PAS) at different levels as a natural on semen quality and reduce the effect of lipidperoxidation of bucks. Forty New Zealand rabbit bucks 8 month old were divided into four groups (each 10 rabbit bucks). The groups were divided as follows: Control diet (free from PAS), T1: Control diet + 5g/kg PAS, T2: Control diet + 10g/kg PAS; T3: Control diet + 15g/kg PAS. Semen sample were collected twice a week; from each rabbit buck by artificial vagina. The first semen collection was used to evaluate semen quality parameters. However, the second semen collection was used for analysis semen plasma. Results revealed that feeding diets containing different levels of PAS significantly (P<0.05) increased semen volume, mass activity, individual motility, PSV, sperm concentration, total sperm and seminal plasma activity of ALP enzyme and significant (P<0.05) decrease in dead sperm and seminal plasma concentrations of total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol and MDA and seminal plasma activities of AST and ALT enzymes and TAC as compared with the control group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with different levels of PAS, especially at the level of 15 g/kg (T3) resulted in significant improvement in semen quality, antioxidant status and reproductive traits of rabbit bucks.
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Islam, MR, MKU Talukder, MS Rahman, and SS Husain. "Evaluation of sperm motility and velocity of different genetic groups of bucks using Computer-Assisted Sperm Analyzer." Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 48, no. 2 (April 23, 2020): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v48i2.46756.
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Semen quality assessment is a prime prerequisite for any breeding programme. Computer-Assisted Sperm Analyzer (CASA) can measure the semen quality very accurately and sharply. The research was conducted at American Dairy Limited (ADL) at Vangnahati, Sreepur, Gazipur. A total of 120 ejaculates were collected from three genetic groups of bucks namely Black Bengal (BB), Boer and Jamunapari (JP) with a view to characterize and compare the semen motility and velocity parameters using Computer- Assisted Sperm Analyser. Significantly (p<0.05) higher ejaculate volume was found in Boer buck (1.73±0.16 ml) with the lower in BB buck (0.98±0.14), respectively. But significantly (p<0.05) higher total, forward progressive and fast motility was found in BB (55.47±3.17, 47.23±2.74 and 37.62±2.40%) and lower in JP (40.67±3.37, 30.97±2.91 and 21.81±2.55%), respectively. Significantly (p<0.01) fastest straight line and average path distance was observed in Boer bucks (12.29±1.63 and 15.89±1.95 μm) than Black Bengal and Jamunapari bucks (4.38±1.19 and 7.26±1.57; and 3.14±1.27 and 8.42±1.95 μm), respectively. The distance curved line (DCL) and distance straight line (DSL) was significantly (p<0.05) higher in Boer (29.13±4.87, 12.29±1.63 and 15.89±1.95 _m/sec) and lower in BB (22.07±4.36 and 7.26±1.57 _m/sec), respectively. In case of curvilinear velocity, straight line velocity and average path velocity value was significantly (p<0.01) higher in Boer (127.08±13.88, 50.01±7.68 and 68.13±7.25 _m/sec) with lower in JP (62.01±12.77, 15.75±7.35 and 22.39±9.42) where as linearity and straightness was higher in Boer and lower in BB (p>0.05), respectively. The scrotal circumference had positive correlations with semen volume and curvilinear velocity for all the genotypes. It was concluded that semen of Boer bucks found consistently better than other two genetic groups of bucks. Further, competitive studies with large sample may be performed to evaluate the breed specific differences in available goat breeds. I think this study also disclosed the some rare parameters of semen quality by using Computer-Assisted Sperm Analyzer which was impossible in manually. These results of the present study could be an authentic guideline in future performance tests of different genetic groups of bucks.
Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2019. 48 (2): 67-74
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GARBA, M. G., S. GADDAFI, and A. H. SAIDU. "EFFECT OF FERMENTED CINNAMON (Cinnomomum zeylanicumon) JUICE EXTRACT ON RED SOKOTO BUCKS THERMOREGULATORY INDICES, HAEMATOLOGY AND SERUM BIOCHEMISTRY." FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology 8, no. 1 (September 15, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2022.0801.068.
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This study assessed the effect of fermented cinnamon (Cinnomomum zeylanicunom) juice extract on Red Sokoto bucks thermoregulatory indices, haematology and serum biochemistry. A total number of twelve (12) apparently healthy pubertal Red Sokoto Buck of approximately the same age (7 months) categories and with average body weight of 15±05 Kg was selected for this study. The bucks were allotted into four dosage levels of 0ml, 15ml, 30ml and 45ml of fermented cinnamon juice extract per treatment in a completely randomized design (CRD). The thermoregulatory result revealed that there are significant (P<0.05) differences in rectal temperature (ºC) and pulse rate while respiratory rate (brpm) indicate non-significant (P<0.05) difference in bucks supplemented fermented cinnamon juice extract. The meteorological data determined in this study indicate that experimental animals were raised in high Temperature-humidity index which signifies thermal discomfort. The haematological profile measured in this study revealed a significantly different (P<0.05) of packed cell volume, red blood cell, and white blood cell among the treatments. Significant (P<0.05) differences were also observed in aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, albumin, serum phosphorus, calcium, cholesterol, triglyceride and high density lipoprotein with increases dosages of fermented cinnamon juice extract. It is therefore concluded that supplementing Red Sokoto bucks with fermented cinnamon juice extract up 45ml has a profound effect in modulating thermoregulatory indices during period of thermal discomfort thereby ameliorating thermal stress, and played a crucial role in stabilizing hematological and serum biochemical profiles of Red Sokoto bucks.
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Flores-Gil, Viviana N., Rosario Velázquez, Adolfo Toledano-Díaz, Julián Santiago-Moreno, and Antonio López-Sebastián. "Short term administration of cyproterone acetate for contraception: Effects on testosterone secretion and semen characteristics in rams (Ovis aries) and bucks (Capra hircus)." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 18, no. 4 (January 4, 2021): e0407. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2020184-16871.
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Aim of study: To examine the influence of administering cyproterone acetate (CPA), at the beginning of the mating season, on the testosterone concentration and morphometric and functional characteristics of ram and buck semen.Area of study: Madrid, SpainMaterial and methods: Five rams and five bucks were intramuscularly administered 200 mg of CPA in 2 mL of olive oil twice per week - from July 1st to 31st in the rams, and from August 1st to 31st in the bucks. Five control animals of each species were administered 2 mL of olive oil. Blood samples and ejaculates analysed from the start of treatment until eight weeks after the last day of treatment.Main results: GLM-ANOVA showed the interaction species × CPA treatment to have effect (p<0.05) on sperm motility, progressive motility and acrosome integrity; and greater effect (p<0.01) on curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight-line velocity (VSL), viability, and morphological abnormalities. In both the rams and bucks, plasma testosterone levels fell from the first week from the start of CPA administration until three weeks after the end of treatment. In rams, the total sperm count, sperm motility, progressive motility, viability, morphological abnormalities, VCL and VSL were all negatively affected by the treatment (p<0.001); acrosome integrity was also affected (p<0.05). In bucks, sperm motility, progressive motility, VCL, VSL and morphological abnormalities were negatively affected (p<0.05).Research highlights: Treatment with CPA affected testosterone secretion, semen characteristics and sperm morphometry in both the rams and bucks, and thus it might be used as short term contraceptive protocol in small ruminants.
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Attia, Y. A., A. E. Abd El-Hamid, A. M. El-Hanoun, M. A. Al-Harthi, G. M. Abdel-Rahman, and M. M. Abdella. "Responses of the Fertility, Semen Quality, Blood Constituents, Immunity and Antioxidant Status of Rabbit Bucks to Type and Magnetizing of Water." Annals of Animal Science 15, no. 2 (April 1, 2015): 387–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2014-0086.
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Abstract This work aimed to test the responses of the fertility, semen quality, blood constituents, immunity and antioxidant status of rabbit bucks to water type (e.g., tap water and well water) and magnetizing of water exposed or unexposed to a magnetic field of ≈4000 gauss. The experimental design was factorial 2 (type of water, e.g. tap vs. well water) × 2 (magnetic treatments, e.g. unexposed vs. exposed to magnetic field) using forty mature V-line rabbit bucks randomly distributed to four groups of 10 animals each. The rabbit bucks were provided free access to the water and same diet. Well water had lower quality than tap water, i.e. higher pH, conductivity, salinity, calcium, magnesium, and total hardness. Water magnetizing had less effect on tap water than on well water (e.g. on pH, conductivity, salinity, calcium, magnesium, total hardness and dissolved oxygen). Bucks that consumed tap water showed better semen quality, metabolic profiles and immunity than those that drank well water. Magnetized water significantly increased body weight, feed intake, reaction time, fertility, sperm concentration, mass motility and total live sperm of bucks consuming well water and tap water. The improvements in fertility and semen quality concurred with significant increases in testosterone hormone, immunoglobulin A, antioxidant enzymes, and with decreases in lipid peroxidation biomarker malondialdehyde and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. In conclusion, well water induced a significant decrease in semen quality and hence fertility of males. Whereas magnetic treatment improved water quality, semen quality, blood picture and antioxidant status and hence buck fertility.
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Ebbesen, Thomas W. "Making bucks." Nature 361, no. 6409 (January 1993): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/361218a0.
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Clarke, Maxine. "Beckman bucks." Nature 317, no. 6038 (October 1985): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/317568b0.
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Cook, Doug. "Behavior Bucks." Intervention in School and Clinic 34, no. 5 (May 1999): 307–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/105345129903400508.
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Rajasekaran, S., Vijay Kamath, and Ashwin Avadhani. "Bucks fusion." European Spine Journal 19, no. 2 (February 2010): 343–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-010-1308-y.
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Tabarez, A., W. García, and M. J. Palomo. "58 EFFECT OF MELATONIN IMPLANT ON BLANCA de RASQUERA BUCKS DURING SPRING ON SPERM MORPHOMETRY BEFORE AND AFTER CRYOPRESERVATION." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 27, no. 1 (2015): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv27n1ab58.
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In order to improve sperm cryopreservation throughout the year and accelerate the process of preservation of this Catalonian goat breed in extinction danger, we proposed to assess the effect of melatonin implant application in Blanca de Rasquera males during spring on sperm head morphometry of fresh and thawed sperm. Therefore 8 bucks of 30 months old approximately were divided into 2 groups. In one of the groups, 2 melatonin implants (Melovine®, CEVA) were inserted into bucks 60 days before starting the collection of semen, and the other group was kept untreated. Briefly, fresh ejaculates from each group of 4 bucks were collected in spring, immediately mixed in equal quantities, and centrifuged twice (600 g for 10 min). Then the pellet was resuspended in a Tris-based medium containing 15% (v/v) of powdered egg yolk supplemented with 5% glycerol. Afterward, sperm samples were refrigerated at 5°C for 4 h before being frozen in LN vapour. Buck sperm head morphometry was analysed by computer-assisted sperm analysis (ISAS®) on fresh and thawed sperm previously stained with Diff Quick®. Data were analysed by GLM multivariate procedure (IBM SPSS, 2011; mean ± s.e., n = 6), showing significant differences among treatments in all the morphometric parameters except head perimeter and rugosity (Table 1). Our results suggest that melatonin application in bucks increases the ellipticity and elongation of fresh and thawed sperm, meanwhile the cryopreservation process reduces both parameters. Likewise melatonin implants increase significantly the head length only on thawed sperms as cryopreservation process increases the head width, area in sperms from implanted males and regularity only in sperms from nonimplanted bucks. These head changes on fresh and thawed sperm morphometry should be deeply investigated in order to know how they could affect sperm cryosurvival and fertility. Table 1.Effect of melatonin implant on Blanca de Rasquera bucks during spring on morphometry of fresh and thawed sperm This research was supported by INIA (RZ2009–00008–00–00), Generalitat de Catalunya (2009SGR0621 and CUR-DIUE), and FSE and Fundación Carolina.
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KARATZAS (Γ. ΚΑΡΑΤΖΑΣ), G., D. MALLINIS (Δ. ΜΑΛΛΙΝΗΣ), and N. TSERTSENES (Ν. ΤΣΕΡΤΣΕΝΕΣ). "The origin of Alpine breed: An atavistic phenomenon." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 49, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15739.
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The objective of this study was to describe the origin of the Alpin breed through an atavistic phenomenon. A purebreed Alpin buck appeared horns entirely different from those of its breed. A number of different parameters were studied, such as the number of chromosomes, the body conformation, the colour, the horns, the head as well as the body dimension data. These parameters were compared with those from ten Alpin breed bucks and from thirteen aegagrus of the same age. We found that the horns of the buck that we examined were similar with those of the aegagrus. This seems to be an atavistic phenomenon. It is possible the Alpinbreed to have as ancestor the aegagrus. The clockwise of the left horn, which appears in the Alpin bucks, is a characteristic of the Capra prisca. This event points to the possibility that the Alpin breed is the product of a crossing of domestic goats, which originated from Capra prisca and Capra aegagrus.
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Sarswat, C. S., S. Sharma, K. Nehra, P. C. Sharma, M. C. Parashar, and C. S. Vaishnava. "33 Effect of exogenous melatonin administration on testicular biometry, libido parameters, seminal parameters, hormone levels, and freezability of Sirohi buck semen during the non-breeding season in Southern Rajasthan." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 33, no. 2 (2021): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv33n2ab33.
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The aim of this work was to determine the effect of administration of exogenous melatonin on the testicular biometry, libido parameters, hormone levels, and freezability of semen during the non-breeding seasons in adult Sirohi bucks. Experiments of 4 and 8 weeks were carried out during non-breeding seasons at different times. Twelve bucks, 2 to 3 years of age, were split into melatonin-treated and control groups, with 6 bucks in each group. Throughout the 2 experimental periods, all bucks were permanently kept outdoors under conditions of natural daylength and at ambient temperature. Bucks in the treated group were subjected to single subcutaneous injection of a powder form of melatonin mixed with corn oil at the dose rate 18mg per 50kg on the first day of experiment; bucks in the control group received sterile corn oil injected subcutaneously in control group. Ejaculates were taken from the bucks by artificial vagina (AV) once per week and their reaction time (the elapsed time between exposure to stimuli and first ejaculation) was recorded. Testicular biometry, serum testosterone, and serum melatonin were determined weekly before semen collection. Ejaculates were cryopreserved and thawed weekly and the same quantitative and qualitative variables were measured as for fresh semen samples. Melatonin significantly (P<0.05) improved testicular biometry, libido parameters, and hormone levels compared with the control group during weeks 3 and 4 of the first experiment and from week 5 onward of the second experiment (P<0.05). Semen volume (mL) improved to 0.70±0.039 vs. 0.48±0.009 and 0.94±0.036 vs. 0.56±0.032 in first and second experiments. Greater (P<0.05) progressive motility (%) was noted in the melatonin group (84.59±1.472 and 86.88±0.797) during experiments 1 and 2. Semen quality of each straw from each ejaculate was evaluated after proper thawing within 24h. Mean post-thaw live sperm percentage for experiments 1 and 2 was 69.25±0.382 and 66.90±0.779, progressive motility was 50.42±0.948 and 58.75±1.058, and curled tail sperm count were 51.00±0.715 and 61.36±0.773, respectively. In conclusion, the results of present experiments are novel regarding the use of single subcutaneous melatonin injection during the non-breeding season to improve variables associated with the fertility potential of the Sirohi buck and frozen-thawed seminal parameters.
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Mohammed, Kamel M., Gamal M. Darwish, Zaher M. Rawash, and Amany M. Taha. "Cryopreservation of rabbit semen: impacts of permeable and non-permeable mixture of cryoprotectant, male group individuality, freezing rate, semen package size and antioxidant bovine serum albumin on rabbit semen freezability." World Rabbit Science 30, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2022.17303.
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In the present study, three experiments were designed to identify the most appropriate technique for freezing rabbit semen. Experiment 1 aimed to determine the optimal levels of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) contents in freezing medium and their effects on individual bucks. Semen ejaculates for each buck (n=15 bucks) were mixed and split into three portions for extension with a freezing medium containing varying concentrations of DMSO (0.75, 1.0, and 1.4 M). Diluted semen samples were packaged in 0.25 mL straws and suspended above liquid nitrogen (LN) for 10 min, then dipped in LN. A few days after freezing, post-thaw semen evaluation was assessed, and according to the results, six bucks and an extender containing 0.75 M of DMSO were used for experiments 2 and 3. In experiment 2, the pooled semen from 6 bucks was divided into two portions for packaging in two straw sizes (0.25 and 0.50 mL). Each straw size was divided into five groups and suspended at different heights above LN (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 cm) for 10 minutes before being preserved in LN. In experiment 3, the pooled semen was divided into four portions for dilution with freezing medium containing different concentrations of bovine serum albumin (BSA; 0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mg/mL). Semen samples were packaged in a 0.50 mL straw and suspended 10 min, 4 cm above LN for freezing. Pre-freezing and post-thawing, semen samples were evaluated for semen quality. Results showed that the extender containing 0.75 M DMSO had higher significant values for post-thaw sperm motility, longevity, acrosome integrity and sperm plasma membrane permeability. Bucks’ individuality had significant effects on post-thaw motility, acrosome and sperm plasma membrane integrity. A significant interaction was recorded between DMSO concentrations and bucks’ individuality on sperm longevity. Semen package sizes had no significant effects on the evaluated parameters. Semen was frozen at 2 and 4 cm above LN had significantly better post-thaw quality. BSA at concentrations 5 and 7.5 mg/mL improved recovery rates of acrosome integrity and sperm membrane permeability. DMSO 0.75 M and freezing 4 cm above LN seem to be more adequate for rabbit semen cryopreservation. The appropriate level of DMSO differs between bucks, as the post-thaw sperm longevity is affected. BSA enhanced acrosome and sperm membrane integrity. Results obtained will need further investigation to be confirmed in the field.
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Sarswat, C. S., S. Sharma, K. Nehra, P. C. Sharma, M. C. Parashar, and C. S. Vaishnava. "33 Effect of exogenous melatonin administration on testicular biometry, libido parameters, seminal parameters, hormone levels, and freezability of Sirohi buck semen during the non-breeding season in Southern Rajasthan." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 33, no. 2 (2021): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv33n2ab33.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this work was to determine the effect of administration of exogenous melatonin on the testicular biometry, libido parameters, hormone levels, and freezability of semen during the non-breeding seasons in adult Sirohi bucks. Experiments of 4 and 8 weeks were carried out during non-breeding seasons at different times. Twelve bucks, 2 to 3 years of age, were split into melatonin-treated and control groups, with 6 bucks in each group. Throughout the 2 experimental periods, all bucks were permanently kept outdoors under conditions of natural daylength and at ambient temperature. Bucks in the treated group were subjected to single subcutaneous injection of a powder form of melatonin mixed with corn oil at the dose rate 18mg per 50kg on the first day of experiment; bucks in the control group received sterile corn oil injected subcutaneously in control group. Ejaculates were taken from the bucks by artificial vagina (AV) once per week and their reaction time (the elapsed time between exposure to stimuli and first ejaculation) was recorded. Testicular biometry, serum testosterone, and serum melatonin were determined weekly before semen collection. Ejaculates were cryopreserved and thawed weekly and the same quantitative and qualitative variables were measured as for fresh semen samples. Melatonin significantly (P<0.05) improved testicular biometry, libido parameters, and hormone levels compared with the control group during weeks 3 and 4 of the first experiment and from week 5 onward of the second experiment (P<0.05). Semen volume (mL) improved to 0.70±0.039 vs. 0.48±0.009 and 0.94±0.036 vs. 0.56±0.032 in first and second experiments. Greater (P<0.05) progressive motility (%) was noted in the melatonin group (84.59±1.472 and 86.88±0.797) during experiments 1 and 2. Semen quality of each straw from each ejaculate was evaluated after proper thawing within 24h. Mean post-thaw live sperm percentage for experiments 1 and 2 was 69.25±0.382 and 66.90±0.779, progressive motility was 50.42±0.948 and 58.75±1.058, and curled tail sperm count were 51.00±0.715 and 61.36±0.773, respectively. In conclusion, the results of present experiments are novel regarding the use of single subcutaneous melatonin injection during the non-breeding season to improve variables associated with the fertility potential of the Sirohi buck and frozen-thawed seminal parameters.
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Adiwiniarti, Retno, I. Gede Suparta Budisatria, Kustantinah Kustantinah, Rusman Rusman, and Agung Purnomoadi. "Nutritional Status Evaluation (Estimated Using Lignin Internal Indicator) of Grazed Yearling Kacang Bucks." ANIMAL PRODUCTION 17, no. 3 (September 11, 2015): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.anprod.2015.17.3.522.
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In some areas in Indonesia, farmers usually graze their goats during the day and house them at night. The goats eat grass without additional concentrate. However, how much nutrient intakes of grazing goats in Indonesia are seldom calculated. Therefore, this research was set up to investigate the productivity and to estimate the dry matter, protein, and TDN intake of grazed Kacang buck using lignin internal indicator. About 12 heads of Kacang buck, aged 1-1.5 year (the incisors have erupted 1), having the initial body weight of 18.42+1.78 kg (CV= 9.67%) and reared by farmers in Grobogan, Central Java, Indonesia were used in this study. Intake and nutrient digestibility of the buck were calculated using lignin as internal marker. After being reared 86 days, the average daily gains (ADG) of the buck were 3.20+21.14 gram ( -26.16 gram to 53.60 gram). Low ADG of the buck was caused by low DMI, protein and TDN intake. The Kacang bucks were usually grazed in the soccer fields, back yards, and roadsides, therefore their intake were lower than their maintenance needed. The averages of DMI, protein and TDN intake were about 1.17+0.17 % their body weight, 30.16+4.18 g and 91.45+11.64 g, respectively. It can be concluded that the productivity of grazing Kacang bucks is relatively very low.
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Udo, M. D., F. O. Ahamefule, J. A. Ibeawuchi, and G. D. Eyoh. "Blood components and growth indices of West African dwarf goats fed various levels of boiled rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) seed meal." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 45, no. 5 (December 26, 2020): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v45i5.310.
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Growth, haematological and biochemical components of West African dwarf (WAD) bucks fed various inclusion levels of boiled rubber seed meal (Hevea brasiliensis) were investigated in this study. Sixteen WAD bucks aged 6-7 months were randomly assigned to the four dietary treatments (0-30%) of boiled rubber seed meal (BRSM). Each treatment has four bucks with a buck as replicate, in a completely randomised design. The experiment lasted for 56 days. Average daily feed intake (g) were 417.90; 428.93; 322.00 and 288.10 for diets A, B, C and D, respectively. Corresponding average daily weight gain (ADWG) were 31.69; 53.92; 46.62 and 34.64 with feed/gain ratio being least (6.90) for goats fed diet C (20% BRSM) which did not differ (P>0.05) significantly from animals fed diet B (7.95 BRSM). Apart from blood cholesterol, all haematological and biochemical parameters were not influenced by dietary treatments. Though all the inclusion levels (10-30%) of boiled rubber seed meal were safe as feed for WAD goat, diet B of 20% inclusion of boiled rubber seed meal enhanced best performance and is therefore recommended for use in formulating supplementary diet for WAD goat.
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Vasicek, Jaromir, Alexander Makarevich, and Peter Chrenek. "Effect of the MACS technique on rabbit sperm motility." Open Life Sciences 6, no. 6 (December 1, 2011): 958–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-011-0082-0.
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AbstractMagnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) separates apoptotic spermatozoa by the use of annexin V-conjugated nanoparticles which bind to phosphatidylserine that is externalized on the outer leaflet of the sperm plasma membrane. This technique yields two fractions: annexin V-negative (AnV−) and annexin V-positive (AnV+). The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of MACS application on the motility parameters of rabbit spermatozoa. Rabbit semen samples collected separately from 4 bucks (I, II, III, and IV) were filtered and separated in a MACS system. The semen samples from a control (untreated) group, AnV− and AnV+ fraction were evaluated using CASA system. The experiment was replicated 4 times for each buck. The AnV+ sperm had significantly lower concentration than the AnV− fractions and the control samples (P<0.05 for bucks I, II, III, but not IV). We observed that the proportion of apoptotic spermatozoa in the semen of NZW bucks is about 20%. There was no significant difference in the percentage of motile and progressively motile spermatozoa between the AnVfractions and control samples. In conclusion, the MACS technique has no harmful effect on the rabbit sperm concentration and motility.
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Zapata, Cecilia. "Growth rate, scrotal circumference, sperm characteristics, and sexual behavior of mixed-breed goat bucks fed three leguminous trees." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 19, no. 4 (December 2021): e0611-e0611. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2021194-16780.
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Aim of study: To investigate the effect of feeding foliage of leguminous trees on growth rate, semen characteristics, and sexual behavior of bucks. Area of study: Northeastern Mexico (23°44' N, 99°8' W). Material and methods: Twenty-two young goat bucks were randomly allocated to one of four treatment groups: 33% alfalfa hay (dry matter basis), 33%; Acacia farnesiana; Leucaena leucocephala; or Prosopis laevigata foliage (n=4 for alfalfa; n=6 for the rest of groups). Main results: Average daily gain (ADG) did not differ between bucks fed alfalfa, A. farnesiana, or L. leucocephala (120 ± 26, 134 ± 37, and 103 ± 29 g/d, respectively), but ADG of bucks offered P. laevigata was the lowest (72 ± 8 g; p<0.05). Bucks fed alfalfa had the highest feed efficiency (6.59 ± 1.25 kg of feed consumed/kg of gain; p<0.05) and bucks offered leguminous trees had the lowest (average 9.85 ± 2.3). Bucks offered alfalfa, and A. farnesiana had increased (p<0.05) scrotal circumference (26.6 ± 0.4 and 25.8 ± 1.5 cm) than bucks fed L. leucocephala, or P. laevigata (24.3 ± 1.2 and 24.1 ± 2.0 cm). Mean ejaculate volume was two-fold higher in alfalfa-fed bucks than all other dietary treatments. Sexual behavior did not differ among bucks fed the different legumes. Research highlights: Foliage of both A. farnesiana and L. leucocephala could totally replace alfalfa hay for rearing growing goat bucks in confinement without affecting daily weight gain, most semen characteristics, and copulation ability. P. laevigata reduced body weight and reproductive function.
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Niran, Ayanniyi, Olusola O. O., Kenneth-Obosi O., Abimbade S. A., Umar A., Eze J. N., and Orimogunje A. D. "Effects of Slaughter Weights on Meat Yield and Chevon Characteristics of West African Dwarf Goat (bucks)." BADEGGI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND ENVIRONMENT 4, no. 3 (December 31, 2022): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35849/bjare202203/71/003.
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The study was conducted at the Ruminants section of the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Ibadan, Ibadan to evaluate the effects of slaughtering weights on the meat yield and other chevon characteristics of West African Dwarf bucks (WAD). Fifteen WAD bucks were fed similar diets before sacrificing nine at three pre-determined weights of 15, 20 and 25kg to evaluate relative percentage proportions of Eviscerated Weight-EW, Hot Carcass Weight-HCW, Dressing percentage-DP, Rib Eye Area-REA, Meat to Bone Ratio-MBR and Total Fat Deposit-TFD in a Completely Randomised Design (CRD). Also evaluated were the physicochemical characteristics of each of the carcasses relative to the pre-determined weights. The results showed that the EW ranged from 62.0% in 15kg-bucks to 71.8% in 25kg-bucks, while HCW ranged from 52.1% in 15kg-bucks to 55.3% in 25kg-bucks. The 25kg-bucks had the highest TFD of 4.7±0.3% compared with 3.1±0.1% and 4.4±0.4% in 15 and 20kg-bucks, respectively. Bucks with higher weights elicited more REA as compared with those with lower weights. However, there was an inverse relationship between ether extract and the crude protein as the weights of the bucks increased. The DP was not significantly different among the treatments. In conclusion, the higher weights observed in the bucks were not necessarily in terms of meat value but only in terms of fat. This goes to show that when an animal has reached its full maturity, it doesn’t add more meat but rather it accumulates fat.
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Rerkyusuke, Sarinya, Sawarin Lerk-u-suke, and Anucha Sirimalaisuwan. "Clinical Evidence and Risk Factors for Reproductive Disorders Caused by Bacterial Infections in Meat Goats in Northeastern Thailand." Veterinary Medicine International 2022 (February 8, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1877317.
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The objective of this study was to identify risk factors related to reproductive disorders caused by bacterial infections in goats in northeastern Thailand. Two hundred twenty farms were investigated, and 49 herds were found to have clinical reproductive disorders. Moreover, 96% (47/49) of herds showing clinical reproductive failure preferred to circulate bucks between herds. A total of 118 sera, including 85 clinical reproductive disorder cases such as abortion (n = 70), abortion with arthritis (n = 1), orchitis (n = 3), repeat breeder (n = 6), sterile (n = 1), and weak kids (n = 4), and 33 bucks’ circulations were serologically tested for bacterial infections caused by Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydophila abortus, and Brucella spp. Results showed 69% (81/118 cases) were seropositive for Q fever (n = 55; 46.61%), brucellosis (n = 8; 6.78), and chlamydiosis (n = 18; 15.25%), respectively; 82% of herds (40/49 herds) were infected with at least one of those diseases. Moreover, 40% of infected herds (16/40) had coinfection among the three of those diseases. Approximately 60% (20/33) of buck circulation showed seropositivity to at least one of the diseases, and 85% of infected bucks were seropositive for Q fever (17/20). Buck circulation between herds is a risk factor for diseases on farms ( p = 0.001 ); odds ratio (OR = 109.29; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 6.61–1,807.38). Moreover, the annual brucellosis test is a protective factor against reproductive failure cases on farms ( p = 0.022 ; OR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.23–0.89). Reproductive disorder cases can be caused by sexual transmission, so buck circulation can yield Q fever, brucellosis, and chlamydiosis in communities. This investigation is the first report of chlamydiosis infection in our area. Concerning Q fever, chlamydiosis, and brucellosis are zoonotic diseases that impact animal health and production losses. Control and prevention measures related to risk factors together with active surveillance programs should be incorporated into client education.
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Zarazaga, Luis Ángel, María-Carolina Gatica, Ignacio De La Rosa, Manuel Delgado-Pertíñez, and José Luis Guzmán. "The High Testosterone Concentrations of the Bucks Used in the “Male Effect” Is Not a Prerequisite for Obtaining High Ovarian Activity in Goats from Mediterranean Latitudes." Animals 12, no. 8 (April 7, 2022): 954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12080954.
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Two experiments were carried out. Firstly, 54 anestrous females were placed in contact with photostimulated males (Photo; n = 27) or with no photostimulated males (Natural; n = 27). Moreover, a group of bucks treated with artificial photoperiod and a group of bucks subjected to natural photoperiod without contact with females was used (Photo Isolated and Natural Isolated, respectively). In the Natural groups, the testosterone concentrations were similar except for three days after the introduction of the bucks to the does (19.72 ± 4.11 vs. 2.05 ± 0.25 ng/mL for Natural and Natural isolated bucks, respectively, p < 0.05). However, no differences were observed in the Photo groups during the entire experiment. The percentage of females showing estrous was higher in the group of females in contact with photostimulated bucks (96 vs. 74%, respectively, p < 0.05). In the second experiment, a GnRH agonist, deslorelin, was used to regulate the testosterone concentrations of the bucks. Seventy anestrous females were divided into five groups depending on the treatment received by the bucks to which they were exposed: photostimulated bucks (Photo group, n = 14); photostimulated bucks but treated with the agonist at the onset of the photoperiod treatment (Photo-Ago Long group, n = 13); photostimulated bucks but treated with the agonist at the end of the photoperiod treatment (Photo-Ago Short group, n = 15); bucks receiving no photostimulation but treated with the agonist at the end of the photoperiod treatment period (Natural-Ago Short group, n = 13) and bucks receiving no photostimulation nor agonist (Natural group, n = 15). The agonist treatment increased testosterone concentrations after the injection, which remained high for the entire experiment (p < 0.05). Six days after the introduction of the bucks to the does, the testosterone concentrations increased only in the Natural group reaching similar concentrations to the other groups (12.17 ± 6.55, 16.69 ± 4.53, 8.70 ± 0.61, 11.03 ± 1.45 and 14.42 ± 3.64 ng/mL for Photo, Photo-Ago Long, Photo-Ago Short, Natural-Ago Short and Natural bucks, respectively, p > 0.05). No differences in reproductive parameters were observed (p > 0.05). These results demonstrate that, at Mediterranean latitudes, anestrous females can stimulate the testosterone concentrations of bucks after a period of isolation. The high testosterone concentrations are not a prerequisite for an adequate response to the male effect.
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Raji, Lukman Oladimeji, Mohammed Babashani, Ganiyu Jimoh Akorede, Aishat O. Olatunji, Fatima Sanusi, Yusuf Idris, and Khalid Tahlia Biobaku. "Changes in Semen, Hormonal profile and Testicular Morphology of West African Dwarf Goat Bucks treated with Danazol." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, no. 12 (December 26, 2020): 2570–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i12.2570-2573.3709.
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This study was carried out to investigate the changes in semen characteristics, hormonal profile and testicular morphometry of West African Dwarf (WAD) goat bucks treated with danazol. For this purpose, eighteen matured WAD bucks average of about two years were randomly divided into groups A, B and C comprising of six bucks per group. Group A was the control while B and C bucks were given danazol at a dose rate of 20mg/kg body weight orally daily for four weeks. The group B bucks’ testes were harvested thereafter for gross and histo-morphometric studies while those of group C were left intact but danazol treatment was withdrawn for four more weeks. The bucks’ semen samples (collected by electro-ejaculation) and hormonal samples (taken via the jugular vein) were analyzed. The semen characteristics studied included color, volume, mass activity, motility, percentage normal live-dead ratio, morphology and concentration; while the hormones studied included testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. Results show that there were significant decreases in semen characteristics of group B and C bucks compared with those of group A in the first four weeks. The semen characteristics of the group C bucks were reversed to normal range (similar to those of group A bucks) two weeks after danazol treatment was withdrawn. Similar results were observed with the hormonal studies. In conclusion, danazol caused a reversed reduction in sperm cells characteristics suggesting its possible use as a contraceptive in WAD goat bucks.
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Sogunle, O. M., T. S. Aremu, O. O. Olatubosun, C. P. Njoku, O. M. Sogunle, and J. A. Abiona. "Growth performance and blood profile of rabbit bucks in two housing types on aqueous extract of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus Jacq ex fr.)." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 46, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v46i1.1316.
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The growth performance and blood profile of forty-eight (48), six (6) weeks old rabbit bucks of cross (Chinchilla and New Zealand White) were assessed for 10 weeks. The bucks were allotted on weight equalization basis in a 2 x 4 factorial experimental layout composed of 24 rabbits into steel hutches and wooden hutches each and on four (4) varying levels (0, 5, 10 and 15 mL/litre of water, respectively) of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus Jacq ex fr.) extract. Six (6) bucks were assigned to each treatment group and replicated three times with two (2) bucks per replicate in a Completely Randomized Design. The phytochemicals of the oyster mushroom extract showed that 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)- methyl ester was the most abundant. Results showed that the feed conversion ratio was significantly (P<0.05) best (6.08) in bucks reared in wooden cage and administered 15 mL oyster mushroom extract. Significantly (P<0.05) highest triglycerides (81.00 mg/dL) was obtained in bucks on steel hutch and on 5 mL oyster mushroom extract and lowest (55.00 mg/dL) in bucks on steel hutch and on 10 mL oyster mushroom extract. The lowest (P<0.05) lymphocytes (59.00%) were recorded in bucks on wooden cage and administered 10 mL oyster mushroom extract. It was concluded that oyster mushroom extract up to 15 mL/litre of water administered in either steel hutch or wooden hutch did not impair the growth performance and blood profile of rabbit bucks.
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Zarazaga, Luis A., María Carolina Gatica, Manuel Delgado-Pertíñez, Horacio Hernández, José Luis Guzmán, and José Alberto Delgadillo. "Photoperiod-Treatment in Mediterranean Bucks Can Improve the Reproductive Performance of the Male Effect Depending on the Extent of Their Seasonality." Animals 11, no. 2 (February 5, 2021): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020400.
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This study examines the effectiveness of the photoperiod treatment (extra light for 88 days) to render the bucks sexually active during the seasonal anoestrous in order to induce a male effect, depending on the reproductive seasonality of the breed of the bucks used. In April, 57 anoestrous Blanca Andaluza does were distributed into four groups with three males each: 13 were exposed to control Murciano–Granadina bucks (lower seasonality); 15 were exposed to photostimulated Murciano–Granadina bucks; 14 were exposed to control Blanca Andaluza bucks (higher seasonality), and 15 were exposed to photostimulated Blanca Andaluza bucks. After male introduction, the sexual behaviour of the bucks was assessed, and harness marks recorded doe oestrous behaviour. Ovulation was confirmed from plasma progesterone, and the ovulation rate was assessed by transrectal ultrasonography. Fecundity, fertility, prolificacy and productivity were also determined. All of the does in all of the groups showed ovulation. Interaction between both sources of variation was observed: the percentage of females showing oestrous (p < 0.01) and productivity (p < 0.05) was the lowest in the Blanca Andaluza control group (50% and 0.36 ± 0.17 goat kids born/female, respectively). In conclusion, photoperiod-treated bucks efficiently induce a male effect, but photostimulation could be more necessary for breeds with deep seasonality.
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Wicaksono, Anggit, Adiska Rani Ditya Candra, and Ayu Tri Agustin. "Analisis Pertandingan Final Kejuaraan NBA Musim 2020-2021." Journal of Sport Coaching and Physical Education 6, no. 2 (December 23, 2021): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jscpe.v6i2.52046.
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Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pertandingan final NBA musim 2020-2021 antara Milwaukee Bucks melawan Phoenix Suns berdasarkan statistik pertandingan. Dibutuhkan 6 pertandingan sampai akhirnya Milwaukee Bucks dinobatkan menjadi juara NBA dengan 4 kali menang dan 2 kali kalah dari Phoenix Suns. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan menggunakan data sekunder yang diambil dari website resmi NBA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) faktor penentu kemenangan Phoenix Suns dalam pertandingan pertama adalah FTM dan FT%. Faktor kekalahan Milwaukee Bucks adalah pada FTM dan FT%, 2) Faktor penentu kemenangan Phoenix Suns dalam pertandingan kedua adalah 3PM, 3P%, dan DRB. Faktor kekalahan Milwaukee Bucks adalah 3PM, 3) Milwaukee Bucks mendominasi pertandingan ketiga dengan unggul dalam 9 komponen statistik, khususnya dalam 3PM dan 3P, 4) Faktor penentu kemenangan Milwaukee Bucks pada pertandingan keempat adalah FTM dan ORB. Faktor kekalahan Phoenix Suns adalah FTM yang rendah, 5) Faktor yang mempengaruhi kemenangan Milwaukee Bucks pada pertandingan kelima adalah 3PM, AST, dan ORB. Faktor kekalahan Phoenix Suns adalah tidak memaksimalkan 3P% yang cukup tinggi yaitu 68,3% dan FT% yaitu 90,9% dengan memperbanyak percobaan tembakan, 6) Faktor yang mempengaruhi kemenangan Milwaukee Bucks pada pertandingan keenam adalah FG%, FTM, FT%, AST, ORB, dan DRB. Faktor kekalahan Phoenix Suns adalah FTM dan rebounds yang kurang baik.
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van Wyk, Gertruida L., Louwrens C. Hoffman, Phillip E. Strydom, and Lorinda Frylinck. "Effect of Breed Types and Castration on Carcass Characteristics of Boer and Large Frame Indigenous Veld Goats of Southern Africa." Animals 10, no. 10 (October 15, 2020): 1884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10101884.
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Weaner male Boer Goats (BG; n = 36; 21 bucks and 15 wethers) and large frame Indigenous Veld Goats (IVG; n = 41; 21 bucks and 20 wethers) were raised on hay and natural grass ad libitum and the recommended amount of commercial pelleted diet to a live weight between 30 and 35 kg. Carcass quality characteristics (live weight, carcass weights, dressing %, chilling loss and eye muscle area) were measured. The right sides of the carcasses were divided into wholesale cuts and dissected into subcutaneous fat, meat and bone. Large frame Indigenous Veld Goat (IVG) wethers were slightly lighter than the IVG bucks with no significant difference observed between BG. Wethers compared to bucks had higher dressing %, subcutaneous fat % in all primal cuts, intramuscular fat %, kidney fat % and, overall, slightly less bone %. Some breed–wether interactions were noticed: IVG wethers were slightly lighter than the IVG bucks, but the IVG bucks tended to produce higher % meat compared to other test groups. Judged on the intramuscular fat % characteristics, it seems as if wethers should produce juicier and more flavorsome meat compared to bucks.
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Morrell, Jane M., Pongpreecha Malaluang, Theodoros Ntallaris, and Anders Johannisson. "Practical Method for Freezing Buck Semen." Animals 12, no. 3 (February 1, 2022): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12030352.
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Although several protocols for cryopreserving buck semen are described in the literature, they differ widely in factors such as season and method of semen collection, extender and sperm concentration. Therefore, choosing a protocol that is suitable for a particular on-farm situation can be problematic. In the present study, semen was collected by artificial vagina from seven bucks on a farm located approximately 90 minutes’ drive away from the laboratory, about 6 weeks before the start of the goat breeding season. The semen was immediately extended in warm semen extender containing soy lecithin and was placed in an insulated box with a cold pack for up to 4 h, during semen collection from the remaining bucks and subsequent transport to the laboratory. Following centrifugation at 4 °C and resuspension in the soy lecithin extender to a sperm concentration of 800 × 106 spermatozoa/mL, 0.25 mL plastic straws were filled and frozen in racks 4 cm above the surface of liquid nitrogen. This simple protocol resulted in an acceptable post-thaw quality for all seven bucks, with a mean post-thaw motility of 55 ± 21% and mean fragmented chromatin of 3.27 ± 1.39%. Normal sperm morphology was >90% in all ejaculates. The semen was sent to a gamete bank for long-term storage.
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Hillbrick, GC, and DJ Tucker. "The production and short chain fatty acid composition of lipid from cashmere goat buck fleece." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 47, no. 4 (1996): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9960553.
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This study examined the lipid content and short chain fatty acid composition of fleece samples collected from Cashmere goat (Capra hircus laniger) bucks at various times throughout the year. Fleece samples from does and gonadectomised goats were also analysed at one time during the breeding season for comparison. Lipid was extracted with chloroform/methanol azeotrope, saponified, and analysed for short chain fatty acids (C2-Clo) by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Bucks had increased amounts of lipid and ethyl-branched fatty acids in fleece samples shorn from March to September, compared with fleece samples shorn in November and January. The increases in the amounts of lipid and ethyl-branched fatty acids corresponded with the breeding season and the period when the buck odour was increased. This supports the assumption that ethyl-branched fatty acids may be a pheromone in goats.
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Jiménez, Pedro, Evelia Cuamatzi, and Gabriela González-Mariscal. "Study of copulatory behaviour in old male rabbits." World Rabbit Science 29, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2021.14216.
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<p>Male rabbit sexual behaviour consists of a single mount followed immediately by ejaculation. In young bucks this pattern changes gradually as they reach sexual satiety in a day and sexual exhaustion after several daily tests. Little is known about the characteristics of sexual behaviour in old rabbits (aged 48-54 mo) within a day and across daily tests leading to sexual exhaustion. By using sexually receptive(young) females, changed within a session to maximise copulation, we found that: a) the inter-ejaculatory interval increased between the first and last days of testing; b) test duration was 3.1 h on day 1 and 0.5 h on day 15; c) the “miss rate” (i.e., mounts not accompanied by ejaculation) significantly increased from the first to the last day of testing, regardless of when this occurred in each individual buck; d) the total number of ejaculations displayed in a session significantly decreased between the first and the last day of testing in all males; e) scent-marking (“chinning”) frequency significantly decreased after copulation to satiety, relative to that quantified at baseline, and was restored the following day. Compared with young bucks our results indicate quantitative, rather than qualitative, differences in sexual behaviour associated with age in rabbits. Specifically, on day 1 old bucks spent a shorter time engaged in copulation and displayed a lower number of ejaculations before reaching satiety than young males. In contrast, the interval between ejaculatory events and the “miss rate” increased across test days in both old and young rabbits. These results merit investigating the neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying the display of such an active sexual behaviour by old rabbit bucks.</p>
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Adu, Olufemi Adesanya, Olumuyiwa Joseph Olarotimi, and Clifford Adinma Chineke. "Performance, haemato-biochemical and reproductive potential indices of New Zealand White and Dutch Belted rabbit bucks fed diets containing monosodium glutamate." World Rabbit Science 30, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2022.15683.
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The study aimed to assess the growth performance, haematology, serum biochemistry, gonadal and extragonadal sperm reserves of two breeds of rabbit bucks fed dietary monosodium glutamate (MSG) at varying inclusion levels (0.00, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 g/kg diet). A total of 320 sexually mature New Zealand White Bucks and Dutch Belted Bucks aged 8 to 10 mo with average weight ranging from 1.34 to 1.96 kg were used for the study, which lasted 8 wk. The bucks were weighed and distributed to the four treatment diets. Each treatment was replicated 10 times with four bucks per replicate in a 2×4 factorial experiment. At the end of the feeding trial, 2 bucks per replicate were euthanised. Blood samples were collected from the jugular veins for haematological and serum analyses and their reproductive tracts were dissected. The testes and epididymides were carefully sampled, weighed and processed. The results showed that the bucks fed the diet containing 0.25 g MSG/kg had the best (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio and daily weight gain, daily sperm production and sperm production efficiency. The inclusions of up to 0.75 g MSG/kg diet did not compromise the bucks’ health status, performance and reproductive potential, irrespective of their breeds. However, optimum performance and sperm production were recorded at 0.25 g MSG/kg diet. This study suggests that dietary MSG at 0.25 g/kg in diet can significantly improve rabbit feed palatability, thereby bringing about optimum growth performance, sperm production, and efficiency without causing any physiological imbalance ino the bucks.
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Habibu, B., M. U. Kawu, T. Aluwong, H. J. Makun, L. S. Yaqub, H. U. Buhari, and A. Saleh. "Endogenous and seasonal factors influencing circulating thyrotropin concentration in Red Sokoto and Sahel goats." Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences 19, no. 4 (January 12, 2022): 150–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sokjvs.v19i4.1.
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Through regulating thyroid physiology, thyrotropin influences the activities of thyroid hormones, including thermogenesis and adaptation to ambient thermal challenges. This study aimed at evaluating the influences of some endogenous factors (breed, sex, age and body mass index; BMI) and season on circulating thyrotropin concentration in Red Sokoto and Sahel goats. A total of 120 goats were sampled, comprising Red Sokoto (n = 20) and Sahel (n = 20) goats in each season during the peak of the cold-dry (CDS), hot-dry (HDS) and rainy (RAS) seasons in a tropical Savannah climate. Results revealed that among Red Sokoto goats, bucks had significantly higher (P<0.05) circulating thyrotropin concentration than does during the HDS, while adults had significantly higher values than kids during the RAS. Significant (P<0.05) breed difference was only observed during the HDS, with the Red Sokoto goats having higher values among adult bucks and doelings but lower values than Sahel goats among buck-kids and adult does. Significant (P<0.05) seasonal variation was observed only in male Sahel goats with buck-kids having lower values during RAS as compared with CDS and HDS, while adult bucks had higher values during the RAS as compared with the HDS. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.29; P<0.001) was observed between thyrotropin concentration and BMI in the overall population. It was concluded that circulating thyrotropin concentration was higher in male and adult goats, and the effects of season and breed were sex and age-dependent. Moreover, the direct relationship between thyrotropin concentration and BMI may reflect the role of thyrotropin in the accumulation of body energy reserve in the savannah goats.
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Karim, Md Fazlul, MAM Yahia Khandoker, and Syed Sakhawat Husain. "Fact findings about the frozen buck semen characters freezing with eyc and tris extender and productivity of Black Bengal does as the potential genetic resource in Bangladesh." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 5, no. 3 (December 31, 2018): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v5i3.39583.
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The research work was conducted at the Artificial Insemination Center under the Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to compare the efficacy between Egg Yolk Citrate (EYC) and Tris diluter for frozen semen production in Black Bengal buck. The parameters of semen characteristics included volume per ejaculate (ml), percentage of individual motility (progressive), normal and live sperm and sperm concentration (billion/ml). After dilution with EYC extender, It revealed from statistical analysis of frozen semen that individual bucks had significant effect (p<0.05) on sperm motility and but insignificant on motility after cooling with and without glycerol. In the same way, with Tris diluter, it was insignificant (p>0.05) on diluted semen motility and motility after cooling with and without glycerol. Motility and morphology of the sperm after equilibration and thawing showed insignificant difference among the bucks using EYC diluter. On the contrary, variation in the motility after equilibration and thawing was found significant (p<0.05) using Tris diluter and insignificant on normal and live sperm percentages. After insemination with frozen buck semen, productivity or conception rate was found significantly (p<0.01) higher (60.37%) in Tris than that of EYC diluter (43.75%). On the other hand, the productivity when compared among bucks within the diluter, the variation was not found significant (p>0.05).The productivity found both in Tris and EYC diluter is almost similar to abundantly used Triladyl diluter (58.25). It is concluded that tris diluter might be used as the alternative to the Tryladil diluter though further study is to be needed for more confirmation.
Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(3): 341-350, December 2018