Relevant bibliographies by topics / BTEA

Academic literature on the topic 'BTEA'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "BTEA"

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Ahuja, Umesh, Bhumika Shokeen, Ning Cheng, Yeonjoo Cho, Charles Blum, Giovanni Coppola, and Jeff F. Miller. "Differential regulation of type III secretion and virulence genes inBordetella pertussisandBordetella bronchisepticaby a secreted anti-σ factor." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 9 (February 16, 2016): 2341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1600320113.

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The BvgAS phosphorelay regulates ∼10% of the annotated genomes ofBordetella pertussisandBordetella bronchisepticaand controls their infectious cycles. The hierarchical organization of the regulatory network allows the integration of contextual signals to control all or specific subsets of BvgAS-regulated genes. Here, we characterize a regulatory node involving a type III secretion system (T3SS)-exported protein, BtrA, and demonstrate its role in determining fundamental differences in T3SS phenotypes amongBordetellaspecies. We show that BtrA binds and antagonizes BtrS, a BvgAS-regulated extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor, to couple the secretory activity of the T3SS apparatus to gene expression. InB. bronchiseptica, a remarkable spectrum of expression states can be resolved by manipulatingbtrA, encompassing over 80 BtrA-activated loci that include genes encoding toxins, adhesins, and other cell surface proteins, and over 200 BtrA-repressed genes that encode T3SS apparatus components, secretion substrates, the BteA effector, and numerous additional factors. InB. pertussis, BtrA retains activity as a BtrS antagonist and exerts tight negative control over T3SS genes. Most importantly, deletion ofbtrAinB. pertussisrevealed T3SS-mediated, BteA-dependent cytotoxicity, which had previously eluded detection. This effect was observed in laboratory strains and in clinical isolates from a recent California pertussis epidemic. We propose that the BtrA-BtrS regulatory node determines subspecies-specific differences in T3SS expression amongBordetellaspecies and thatB. pertussisis capable of expressing a full range of T3SS-dependent phenotypes in the presence of appropriate contextual cues.
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Peluffo, R. Daniel, Yukio Hara, and Joshua R. Berlin. "Quaternary Organic Amines Inhibit Na,K Pump Current in a Voltage-dependent Manner." Journal of General Physiology 123, no. 3 (February 23, 2004): 249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.200308872.

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The effects of organic quaternary amines, tetraethylammonium (TEA) chloride and benzyltriethylammonium (BTEA) chloride, on Na,K pump current were examined in rat cardiac myocytes superfused in extracellular Na+-free solutions and whole-cell voltage-clamped with patch electrodes containing a high Na+-salt solution. Extracellular application of these quaternary amines competitively inhibited extracellular K+ (K+o) activation of Na,K pump current; however, the concentration for half maximal inhibition of Na,K pump current at 0 mV (K0Q) by BTEA, 4.0 ± 0.3 mM, was much lower than the K0Q for TEA, 26.6 ± 0.7 mM. Even so, the fraction of the membrane electric field dissipated during K+o activation of Na,K pump current (λK), 39 ± 1%, was similar to λK determined in the presence of TEA (37 ± 2%) and BTEA (35 ± 2%), an indication that the membrane potential (VM) dependence for K+o activation of the Na,K pump current was unaffected by TEA and BTEA. TEA was found to inhibit the Na,K pump current in a VM-independent manner, i.e., inhibition of current dissipated 4 ± 2% of the membrane electric field. In contrast, BTEA dissipated 40 ± 5% of the membrane electric field during inhibition of Na,K pump current. Thus, BTEA inhibition of the Na,K-ATPase is VM-dependent. The competitive nature of inhibition as well as the similar fractions of the membrane electric field dissipated during K+o-dependent activation and BTEA-dependent inhibition of Na,K pump current suggest that BTEA inhibits the Na,K-ATPase at or very near the enzyme's K+o binding site(s) located in the membrane electric field. Given previous findings that organic quaternary amines are not occluded by the Na,K-ATPase, these data clearly demonstrate that an ion channel–like structure provides access to K+o binding sites in the enzyme.
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Gönülşen, R., N. Yıldız, and A. Çalımlı. "Adsorption of Organic Compounds on to Bentonites Modified with Single or Dual Quaternary Ammonium Cations." Adsorption Science & Technology 21, no. 2 (March 2003): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/026361703769013871.

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The adsorption of benzoic acid, hydroquinone and toluene on to bentonites modified with single or dual quaternary ammonium cations was studied. Thus, the mineral surface of the bentonite was modified by replacing the inorganic ions with four quaternary ammonium cations, i.e. tetramethylammonium (TMA), benzyltriethylammonium (BTEA), hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA) and octadecyltrimethylammonium (ODTMA). The inorganic cations on the bentonite were exchanged with the quaternary ammonium cations to the respective extent of ca. 35% TMA, 75% BTEA, 83% HDTMA, 90% ODTMA, 35% TMA/54% HDTMA, 35% TMA/58% ODTMA and 75% BTEA/12% HDTMA of the cation-exchange capacity (CEC) of the bentonite, resulting in a change in the surface properties from hydrophilic to organophilic. The experimental results obtained indicated that the adsorption affinity on dual-modified bentonites was generally lower than that on single-modified bentonites. It was concluded that this resulted from two different adsorption mechanisms and the competitive adsorption of binary solutes.
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Yıldız, N., M. Erol, Z. Aktas, and A. Çalımlı. "Adsorption of Aromatic Hydrocarbons on BTEA–Bentonites." Adsorption Science & Technology 22, no. 2 (March 2004): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/026361704323150926.

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Guttman, Chen, Geula Davidov, Adi Yahalom, Hadassa Shaked, Sofiya Kolusheva, Ronit Bitton, Shiran Barber-Zucker, Jordan H. Chill, and Raz Zarivach. "BtcA, A Class IA Type III Chaperone, Interacts with the BteA N-Terminal Domain through a Globular/Non-Globular Mechanism." PLoS ONE 8, no. 12 (December 2, 2013): e81557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081557.

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Restrepo, Alvaro, and Edson Bazzo. "Biomasa residual : alternativa técnica y ambiental en el proceso de generación termoeléctrica." Ingenieria y Universidad 19, no. 1 (March 16, 2015): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.iyu19-1.btea.

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El siguiente artículo presenta los resultados del análisis técnico (basado en la cantidad exergía) y ambiental realizado en una planta termoeléctrica de 50MWe nominales, localizada al sur del estado de Santa Catarina – Brasil, diseñada para operar con carbón pulverizado y adaptada para operar en proceso co-firing carbón - biomasa residual. Además de la planta termoeléctrica, el estudio consideró una frontera extendida que involucró los procesos relacionados con la obtención, transporte y manipulación tanto del carbón como de la biomasa. El análisis exergético siguió lineamentos de la segunda ley de la termodinámica; mientras que el análisis ambiental se realizó siguiendo la metodología de Análisis de Ciclo de Vida (ACV), considerando 1 MWh como unidad funcional y la categoría de impacto calentamiento global, mediante el método IPCC 2007 GWP 100 años. Para ambos casos (operación sólo con carbón y en co-firing) el análisis exergético indicó que la planta termoeléctrica responde por más del 95% del total de la exergía consumida. Para el análisis ambiental, los resultados indicaron que para el caso de operación sólo con carbón, son emitidos 1230 kg de CO por MWh, mientras que para la operación en co-firing, con una participación de hasta 10% de biomasa en base energética, el valor efectivo de la emisión fue de 1103 kg de CO por MWh.
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Guttman, Chen, Geula Davidov, Hadassa Shaked, Sofiya Kolusheva, Ronit Bitton, Atish Ganguly, Jeff F. Miller, Jordan H. Chill, and Raz Zarivach. "Characterization of the N-Terminal Domain of BteA: A Bordetella Type III Secreted Cytotoxic Effector." PLoS ONE 8, no. 1 (January 30, 2013): e55650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0055650.

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Han, Hyun-Ja, Asaomi Kuwae, Akio Abe, Yoshichika Arakawa, and Kazunari Kamachi. "Differential Expression of Type III Effector BteA Protein Due to IS481 Insertion in Bordetella pertussis." PLoS ONE 6, no. 3 (March 10, 2011): e17797. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017797.

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Malcova, Ivana, Ladislav Bumba, Filip Uljanic, Darya Kuzmenko, Jana Nedomova, and Jana Kamanova. "Lipid binding by the N-terminal motif mediates plasma membrane localization of Bordetella effector protein BteA." Journal of Biological Chemistry 296 (January 2021): 100607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100607.

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Wang, Yi, Dai Zeng, Fan Zhou, Dongya Zhang, Jiansheng Li, and Tao Zheng. "A supramolecular uranyl phosphonate [BTEA]2[(UO2)2(1,3-pbpH2)2F2]: Synthesis, structure, and spectroscopic characterization." Journal of Molecular Structure 1173 (December 2018): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.06.107.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "BTEA"

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Fjordestam, Patrik, and Sebastian Hansen. "Control and monitoring of a BTES-system." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-30207.

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During the summer excess energy is produced from solar heaters, this is not taken care of, and usually goes to waste. The base of the project is built on that you should take the excess energy during the warmest months of the summer and save the energy in boreholes in the ground, then during the colder months the energy can be used. The purpose of the project was to build a prototype for the control and monitoring of a system. With this project we want to present a solution to a prototype which can be used as a development platform for the client. Communication between the actuators, sensors and the controller is made via a CAN-bus. The temperature sensors uses a One-wire buss and its values are stored and can be shown on a website. The results show that the monitoring and control functions works. Theoretically, the prototype is designed to be expanded to a real application.
Under sommaren produceras överbliven energi från solvärmare, denna tas inte omhand utan går oftast till spillo. Projektets grund bygger på att ta den överblivna energin under de varmaste månaderna på sommaren och spara undan energin i borrhål i marken, för att sedan under kallare månader kunna använda detta. Syftet med projektet har varit att bygga en prototyp för styrning och övervakning av ett system. Med detta projekt vill vi visa en lösning på en prototyp som kan fungera som utvecklingsplattform för beställaren. Kommunikation mellan aktuatorer, sensorer och styrenhet görs via en CAN-buss. Temperaturensorernas använder sig av en One-wire buss och dess värden sparas och kan avläsas på en webbplats. Resultatet visar att övervakning av sensordata och reglering av aktuatorer fungerar. Teoretiskt sett är prototypen utformad för att expanderas till en verklig applikation.
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Valentin, Leonardo Antonio. "\"Boas práticas de laboratório: aplicação para avaliar o impacto ambiental causado pelo derrame de derivados de petróleo\"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75132/tde-11042007-104414/.

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O meio ambiente vem sofrendo diariamente com problemas relacionados a vazamentos, derramamentos e acidentes durante a exploração, refinamento, transporte, e operações de armazenamento de petróleo e seus derivados. Em um derramamento e/ou vazamento de combustível, uma das principais preocupações é a contaminação dos aqüíferos que são usados como fonte de abastecimento de água para consumo humano. As preocupações relacionadas ao potencial de contaminação de água subterrânea vem crescendo em todo o Brasil, já que a maioria dos postos possui mais de dez anos. Com isso, este estudo tem como objetivo contribuir na segurança, confiabilidade e qualidade nas determinações de contaminantes (BTEX e HPAs) em solo e água provenientes de derrames de derivados de petróleo. Para isso, foram aplicadas metodologias analíticas para determinação destes compostos tomando como base os métodos da EPA. Com relação a segurança e confiabilidade nos resultados, foi proposto a aplicação das BPL nos tópicos que possuem relação com o tema. Foi indicado, segundo a literatura, um método de descontaminação das sobras de amostragem que pode ser incluído na rotina de trabalho dos laboratórios.
The environment is suffering daily with problems related to leaks, spillings and accidents during the exploration, refinement, transport and operations of storage of petroleum and yours derived. In a spilling and/or leak of fuel, one of the main concerns is the contamination of the watery ones that are used as source of water supply for human consumption. The concerns related to the potential of contamination of underground water are growing throughout Brazil, since most of the gas stations possesses more than ten years. With that, this study has as objective contributes in the safety, reliability and quality in the determinations of pollutants (BTEX and PAHs) in soil and water coming of hemorrhages of derived of petroleum. For that, they were applied analytical methodologies for the determination of these pollutants taking as base the methods of EPA. Regarding safety and reliability in the results, the application of GLP was proposed in the topics that possess relationship with the theme. It was indicated, according to the literature, a method of treatment of the polluted sampling surpluses, that it can be included in the routine of work of the laboratories.
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Anderson, Cody Allen. "Permeation Sampling of BTEX and Gasoline." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1279115371.

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Oliveira, Luciana de. "Avaliação da capacidade de biodegradação de benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e isômeros de xileno por bactérias isoladas de área contaminada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42132/tde-02022018-160943/.

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Os compostos BTEX (benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos) são os contaminantes mais frequentemente encontrados dentre os hidrocarbonetos de petróleo. A remoção destes compostos é dependente da atividade de uma população de micro-organismos adaptados capazes de promover a biodegradação dos mesmos. Neste estudo, foram utilizadas cinco cepas isoladas de área contaminada capazes de degradar estes compostos. As concentrações de BTEX foram determinadas por análises quantitativas realizadas por cromatografia gasosa com extração por headspace. Uma série de experimentos foi realizada para investigar a capacidade destas cepas de remover os compostos BTEX de forma individual e simultânea. Os ensaios de indução de vias metabólicas mostraram que cada um dos BTEX foi capaz de induzir as vias de degradação de todos os quatro substratos, resultado que foi visualizado a partir do crescimento das cepas em cada um dos BTEX após as mesmas terem sido ambientadas em apenas um deles. Para os ensaios de degradação, Os resultados revelaram que as cinco cepas foram capazes de degradar todos os BTEX, tanto na forma de um único substrato bem como em forma de mistura. As taxas de remoção de um único substrato ficaram entre 63,9% e 97,9%. Houve um aumento da degradação dos compostos quando os mesmo foram fornecidos em forma de mistura. Com exceção do benzeno, todos os compostos foram degradados até atingirem concentrações que ficaram abaixo do limite de potabilidade estipulados, dentro de 9 horas.
BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes) compounds are the most frequently encountered subsurface contaminants among the various petroleum hydrocarbons. Removal of these compounds is dependent on the activity of a population of microorganisms adapted to promote biodegradation of them. In this study, five strains isolated from contaminated groundwater .able to degrade BTEX compounds were used. BTEX concentrations were determined by quantitative analysis performed by gaseous chromatography with headspace extraction. A series of batch experiments were carried out to investigate the ability of the strains for removing BTEX compounds using single and mixed substrates. The pathway induction assays showed that each one of the BTEX compounds was able to induce the degradation pathways of all four substrates, result that was visualized from the growth of the strains in each of the BTEX after they had been set in only one of them. For the degradation assays, the results revealed that the five strains were able to degrade all BTEX, both in the form of a single substrate as well as in the form of a mixture. The rates of removal of a single substrate were between 63.9% and 97.9%. There was an increased degradation of the compounds when they were provided as a mixture. With the exception of benzene, all compounds were degraded to concentrations below the stipulated drinking limit within 9 hours.
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Laurentino, Lauro de Sena. "Avaliação da poluição sonora e dos teores de BTEX em kartódromos da cidade do Rio de Janeiro." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2829.

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Este trabalho teve como objetivo o monitoramento ambiental incluindo, a avaliação da temperatura ambiente, umidade relativa, ruído e qualidade do ar de kartódromos indoor e outdoor, localizados na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A qualidade do ar foi monitorada através da determinação dos teores de benzeno, tolueno, etil-benzeno e xilenos, conhecidos como BTEX. Esses compostos apresentam alta toxicidade e se encontrados acima dos limites permitidos, podem prejudicar a saúde dos usuários e principalmente dos funcionários do estabelecimento. Para a realização da quantificação dos BTEX no ar, foi utilizada a técnica de amostragem ativa, seguida de extração por solvente e posterior análise por Cromatografia Gasosa com detecção por espectrometria de massas. O nível do ruído também foi um parâmetro estudado e comparado com a legislação vigente. Sabe-se que, principalmente em longo prazo, a exposição a níveis elevados de ruído prejudicam a audição e em alguns casos (normalmente os ocupacionais) sua perda total ou parcial. O equipamento utilizado para a medição foi um decibilímetro. Os resultados do kartódromo indoor, do outdoor e do estacionamento sem nenhuma atividade de kart foram analisados e comparados entre si
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Lima, Kassio Michell Gomes de. "Sensores opticos e instrumentação para determinação de contaminantes em aguas." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/250562.

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Orientadores: Ivo Milton Raimundo Junior, Maria Fernanda D'Oliveira Pimentel
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Resumo: Este trabalho descreve o desenvolvimento de sensores ópticos para determinação de benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos (BTEX) e de íons metálicos em águas. Para a determinação de BTEX, monolitos de polidimetilsiloxano (PDMS) foram colocados dentro de um frasco preenchido com soluções aquosas dos compostos BTEX por um determinado tempo. Em seguida, a fase sensora era removida da solução, seca rapidamente e inserida num sistema de medidas, empregando-se um espectrofotômetro FT-NIR. Limites de detecção de 0,079; 0,12; 0,14 e 0,28 mg L para benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos foram alcançados. A fase sensora foi aplicada a amostras de águas contaminadas por gasolina, quantificando teores de BT (benzeno e tolueno) sem diferença estatística, no nível de 95% de confiança, comparada a técnica GC-FID. A fase sensora também foi usada na determinação simultânea de BTX. Valores de RMSEP (raiz quadrada do erro médio quadrático de previsão) de 0,57 mg L para benzeno, 2,21 mg L para tolueno e 1,23 mg L para xilenos foram alcançados. Um fotômetro no infravermelho próximo baseado em LED (diodos emissores de luz) para a determinação de BTEX total foi desenvolvido. O instrumento desenvolvido opera com dois LED, um fotodiodo, um sistema de fibras ópticas para captação da radiação, célula de transmissão e um programa em Visualbasic.Net para controle e aquisição de dados. O instrumento pode ser uma alternativa viável, de baixo custo para a determinação de BTEX total em águas. Foi avaliado o comportamento do novo reagente luminescente di(hexafluorofosfato) de bis(1,10-fenantrolina)(2-(1H-imidazo[4,5- f][1,10]fenantrolina)Rutenio (II), abreviadamente [Ru(phen)2iip](PF6)2, no desenvolvimento de um sensor óptico para a determinação de íons metálicos em águas. A imobilização do reagente em matrizes poliméricas revelou que o sensor óptico e seletivo ao íon Cu(II), apresentando limite de detecção 32 mg L. O novo complexo de rutênio (II) foi aplicado numa determinação simultânea dos íons metálicos Cu(II) e Hg(II) em solução aquosa, alcançando valores de RMSEP de 2,12 mg L e 0,95 mg L, respectivamente
Abstract: This work describes the development of optical sensors for determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) and metal ions in water. For the determination of BTEX, monoliths of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were inserted into a bottle filled with aqueous solutions of BTEX compounds for a pre-defined period of time. Afterwards the sensing phase was removed from the solution, dried and placed in the detection system of an FT-NIR spectrophotometer. Detection limits of 0.079, 0.12, 0.14 and 0.28 mg L for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes, respectively, have been achieved. The sensing phase was applied to the determination of benzene and toluene in water samples contaminated by gasoline, providing results that did not show statistical differences from those obtained by GC-FID at a confidence level of 95%. The sensing phase was also applied to the simultaneous determination of BTX in contaminated water, providing RMSEP values (root mean square error of prediction) of 0.57 mg L for benzene, 2.21 mg L for toluene and 1.23 mg L for xylenes. A near infrared photometer based on LED (light emitting diodes) for the determination of total BTEX was developed. The instrument operates with two LED as light sources and a photodiode as detector, a transmission cell connected to an optical fiber bundles; a VisualBasic.Net program was written for control and data acquisition. The instrument performance indicated that it can be a feasible and low cost alternative for the determination of total BTEX in water. Finally, it was evaluated the performance of the new luminescent reagent bis(1,10-phenanthroline)(2-(1H-imidazol-2- yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) di(hexafluorophosphate) for the development of an optical sensor for the determination of metal ions in water. The immobilization the reagent in the polymeric matrices showed that the optical sensor is selective to Cu (II) ion, providing a detection limit of 32 mg L. The new complex of ruthenium (II) was also applied to the simultaneous determination of Cu (II) and Hg (II) in aqueous solution, showing RMSEP values 2.12 mg L and 0.95 mg L, respectively
Doutorado
Quimica Analitica
Doutor em Ciências
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Souza, Renata dos Santos 1982. "Avaliação da lama vermelha na remoção de derivados de petróleo - benzeno, tolueno e xileno (BTX)." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/266619.

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Orientador: Meuris Gurgel Carlos da Silva
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química
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Resumo: Muitos compostos orgânicos derivados do petróleo são encontrados na água subterrânea, oriundos de processos industriais ou, principalmente, dos vazamentos de combustível em postos de distribuição. Dentre esses compostos encontram-se benzeno, tolueno e xileno (BTX), substâncias tóxicas e carcinogênicas e que se constituem nos componentes mais poluidores da gasolina. Processos de remoção dos BTX devem atender aos limites da legislação e, nesse sentido, a adsorção é um dos métodos mais eficientes. Neste trabalho foi proposto avaliar a lama vermelha, resíduo da indústria de beneficiamento do alumínio, nas formas bruta, calcinada e quimicamente tratada, como material adsorvente alternativo para remoção dos BTX em soluções sintéticas com um e dois adsorbatos. A caracterização da lama vermelha indicou que o material é macroporoso, muito heterogêneo e constituído de uma mistura de óxidos principalmente sodalita, hematita, goetita, gibbsita e quartzo. A calcinação provocou alterações na estrutura do adsorvente, aumentando a área superficial e a quantidade e tamanho de macroporos. O estudo do pHzpc mostrou que o pH natural da lama vermelha tornou a superfície carregada negativamente, atraindo assim o anel benzênico e melhorando a adsorção. Os ensaios de cinética de adsorção mostraram um processo rápido com no máximo 2h para atingir o equilíbrio e o percentual de remoção foi acima de 85% para todos os compostos. Nos ensaios de equilíbrio com monocomposto a ordem decrescente de adsorção foi benzeno, tolueno e xileno. As maiores capacidades de adsorção de benzeno foram qe = 0,332 mmol/g com lama bruta, e com lama calcinada qe = 0,335 mmol/g, esses valores são elevados quando comparados com adsorventes do tipo argilominerais. Os modelos Langmuir com dois sítios e múltiplos espaços de adsorção foram os que melhor se ajustaram aos resultados experimentais de adsorção com monocomposto, porém não conseguiram prever as multicamadas existentes nas isotermas. Foi verificada uma diminuição na remoção de todos os BTX na condição de mistura binária. A ordem de remoção de BTX foi inversa e com maiores remoções de xileno (qe = 0,3406 mmol/g). O modelo de Langmuir se ajustou adequadamente aos resultados experimentais, nessa condição
Abstract: Many organic compounds derived from oil are found in groundwater from industrial processes or specially from leaks at fuel tanks in gas stations. Among these compounds are benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX), toxic and carcinogenic substances that are the most polluters compounds from gasoline. BTX removal processes must attend to legislation limits and thus the adsorption process is one of the most efficient methods. In this work it was used red mud, an aluminum industry waste, in the raw, calcined forms and chemically treated forms, as an alternative adsorbent, to remove the BTX from single and two-component aqueous solutions. The characterization of the red mud indicated that this material is macroporous, very heterogeneous and compound from an oxides mixture, mainly sodalite, hematite, goethite, gibbsite and quartz. The calcination caused changes in the adsorbent structure, increasing the superficial area and the macroporous quantities and size. The pHpzc study showed that the natural red mud pH lets the surface negatively charged, attracting then the benzene rings and improving the adsorption. The kinetic adsorption showed a fast process that needs 2 h to achieve the equilibrium and a removal percentage of 85% for all compounds. In the single component equilibrium studies the adsorption order was benzene, toluene e xylene. The maximum adsorption capacities were qe = 0,332 mmol/g on raw red mud (RM), and on calcined red mud (CRM), qe = 0,335 mmol/g. DSL and MSAM models were the best fit to the experimental data in the single component adsorption, although they could not to predict the multiple layers existing in the isotherms. It was verified a decrease in the removal of all BTX in the two-component adsorption. There was a change in the BTX removal order and more removal of xylene (qe = 0,3406 mmol/g). The Langmuir model showed good fit to the experimental data in this condition
Doutorado
Engenharia de Processos
Doutora em Engenharia Quimica
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Persson, Jesper, and Kristoffer Dahl. "Control and Monitoring of a BTES-System." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-30304.

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Termisk energi som solfångare producerar kan lagras i Borehole Thermal Energy Storage, BTES, när efterfrågan är låg, för att sedan användas när efterfrågan är hög. Målet med detta examensarbete är att utveckla en skalbar systemarkitektur för styrning och monitorering av en BTES prototyp, där ringarna som borrhålen utgör är indelade i olika temperaturhierarkier. De ringar som ligger närmare centrum av borrhålen har högre temperaturhierarki än de som ligger längre ut. Driftinformation från systemet ska kunna följas på en webbplats och temperaturdata från systemet ska sparas undan för lagring. Datakommunikationen består av en One-Wire buss som innehåller temperatursensorer och ett CAN-buss system för datakommunikation mellan sensor/aktuator-noder och server-nod. Utifrån sensordata bestäms reglering av ventiler. Driftinformation lagras i en databas och från denna databas presenteras informationen på en hemsida. Hemsidan innehåller en överblick av brunnparken där temperaturen i varje brunn kan utläsas. Regleralgoritmen uppfyller den sökta temperaturhierarkin där de högsta temperaturerna ska vara i centrum av brunnparken. Prototypen fungerar som en utvecklingsplattform och demonstrerande prototyp.
Thermal energy produced from solar collectors can be stored in Borehole Thermal Energy Storage, BTES, when demand is low for later usage when demand is high. The aim of this thesis is to develop a scalable system architecture for control and monitoring of a BTES prototype.The BTES prototype consist of 13 boreholes configured in a hierarchically manner in two circles and one core. The core is of the highest priority. The operational information is displayed on a website and stored in a database.The data communication consist of two One-wire buses and one CAN bus. The temperature sensors are connected to the One-Wire buses. The CAN bus consist of sensor/actuator nodes and a server node. Based on sensor data, a control loop configures the actuators. Operational data is stored in a database and visually presented on a website. The website displays an overview of all the boreholes where all of the sensors data can be read. The control algorithm runs successfully according to its hierarchically priorities. The prototype works as a developement platform and a demonstrating prototype.
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Kordonska, Nataliya. "Enhancement of BTEX biodegradation in subsurface environments." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ30960.pdf.

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Favard, Alexandre. "Multicapteurs intégrés pour la détection des BTEX." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0123/document.

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La qualité de l’air extérieur (QAE) a fait l’objet d’une législation dès 1996 avec la loi LAURE. Depuis 2008, la directive européenne 2008/50/CE a instauré des obligations de mesure et de seuils à ne pas dépasser pour certains polluants à l’échelle européenne. Selon de nombreuses données toxicologiques et épidémiologiques, la pollution de l’air est à l’origine d’insuffisances respiratoires, d’asthme, de maladies cardiovasculaires et de cancers.Les composés organiques volatils (COV) et notamment le benzène, le toluène, l’ethylbenzène et les xylènes (les composés BTEX) sont des polluants avérés et participent grandement à la dégradation de la qualité de l’air intérieur et extérieur. Ce travail de thèse a concerné la réalisation d’un multicapteur de gaz à base d’oxyde métallique pour la détection de traces de BTEX dans le cadre du projet SMARTY (SMart AiR qualiTY). Un système de caractérisation électrique complet a été conçu et mise au point pour la détection de très faibles concentrations de BTEX (le ppb). Après une étude bibliographique, plusieurs matériaux ont été sélectionnés (WO3, ZnO, SnO2). Les caractérisations électriques des couches sensibles sélectionnées ont été effectuées sous air sec et sous différents taux d’humidité en présence de BTEX et de gaz interférents (NO2, CO2). Le WO3 a montré les meilleures performances en présence d’humidité et a été choisi pour le transfert de technologie qui accompagne les nouveaux transducteurs brevetés AMU. Le multicapteur à base de WO3 a montré une détection limite de 1 ppb sous 50% d’humidité relative et a permis de détecter et de quantifier de manière efficace les BTEX
Outdoor air quality is subjected to the law LAURE since 1996. In 2008, the european directive 2008/50/EC introduced measurement requirements and thresholds that should not be exceeded for certain pollutants on a european scale. According to several toxicological and epidemiological studies, air pollution causes respiratory failure, asthma, cardiovascular diseases and cancers. In Europe, air pollution is responsible for more than 300 000 early deaths a year.Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particularly benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX compounds) are proven pollutants and play a major role in the degradation of indoor and outdoor air quality. This thesis is dedicated to the development of a metal oxide based multi-gas sensor for the detection of traces of BTEX within the framework of the SMARTY project (SMart AiR qualiTY). A complete electrical characterization system was designed and implemented for the detection of sub-ppm concentrations of BTEX.Based on the state-of-art, several materials were selected (WO3, ZnO, SnO2). The electrical characterizations of the selected sensitive layers were carried out under dry air and under different humidity levels in the presence of BTEX and interfering gases (NO2, CO2). Tungsten oxide (WO3) exhibits the best performance in the presence of moisture and is chosen for the technology transfer that accompanies the new patented AMU transducers. The WO3-based multi-sensor has a lower limit of detection (LOD) of 1 ppb at 50% relative humidity and effectively detects and quantifies BTEX
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Books on the topic "BTEA"

1

Association, British Textile Machinery. BTMA Directory. Bradford: World Textile Publications Ltd., 1995.

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Association, British Textile Machinery. BTMA Directory. Bradford: World Textile Publications Ltd., 1997.

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Association, British Textile Machinery. BTMA Directory. Bradford: World Textile Publications Ltd., 1994.

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Business and Technician Education Council (Great Britain), ed. BTEC finance. London: Heinemann Educational Books, 1987.

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Iqbal, Zaffar. BTEC: A case study in BTEC organisation. Salford: University of Salford, 1992.

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Technology, Manchester Polytechnic Department of Graphics. BTEC HND in printing: Submission to BTEC, December1985. Manchester: The Polytechnic, 1985.

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Honeybourne, John. BTEC national sport. 2nd ed. Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes, 2007.

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Wood, Frank. Accounting for BTEC. London: Pitman, 1987.

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Business & Technology Education Council. BTEC accounting pack. London: BTEC, 1992.

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BTEC first: Sport. London: Collins Educational, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "BTEA"

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Allen, Mary. "Learning with BTEC." In Travel and Tourism, 7–12. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11321-7_2.

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Lucking, Norman. "What is BTEC." In Design, 61–68. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11323-1_5.

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Buckley, Alan. "Learning with BTEC." In Computer Studies, 5–13. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11550-1_2.

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Chapman, Reg, Alistair Norman, and Marie Norman. "Learning with BTEC." In Business and Finance, 8–18. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13118-1_2.

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Buckley, Alan. "Learning Computer Studies with BTEC." In Computer Studies, 14–25. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11550-1_3.

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Thiravetyan, Paitip, Chairat Treesubsuntorn, and Wararat Sriprapat. "Phytoremediation of BTEX by Plants." In Phytoremediation, 283–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10395-2_20.

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Chapman, Reg, Alistair Norman, and Marie Norman. "Learning business and finance with BTEC." In Business and Finance, 19–47. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13118-1_3.

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Allen, Mary. "Learning in travel and tourism with BTEC." In Travel and Tourism, 13–28. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11321-7_3.

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Qin, Daocong, Jie Hu, Bing Guo, and Xiaokai Chen. "Curve Analysis of Airborne BTEX Concentration in Vehicles." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 57–65. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9520-8_7.

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Fahy, A., and T. J. McGenity. "Remediation of BTEX in Groundwater Underlying Petrochemical Plants." In Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, 2609–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_193.

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Conference papers on the topic "BTEA"

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Ren, Jian-min, and Si-wei Wu Si-wei. "The Properties of Adsorption of Crystal Violet onto BTEA-Bentonite." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5517117.

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Loy, James M., Sanjay R. Mathur, and Jayathi Y. Murthy. "A Coupled Ordinates Method for Convergence Acceleration of the Phonon Boltzmann Transport Equation." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-89352.

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Sequential solution methods are commonly-used for solving the phonon Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) because of simplicity of implementation and low storage requirements. However, they exhibit poor convergence for low Knudsen numbers. This is because sequential solution procedures couple the phonon BTEs in physical space efficiently but the coupling is inefficient in wave-vector (K) space. As the Knudsen number decreases, coupling in K space becomes dominant and convergence rates fall. Since materials like silicon have K-resolved Knudsen numbers that span 3–4 orders of magnitude at room temperature, diffuse-limit solutions are not feasible for all K vectors. Consequently, non-gray solutions of the BTE almost always experience extremely slow convergence. In this paper, we develop a coupled-ordinates method for solving the phonon BTE in the relaxation time approximation. Here, inter-equation coupling is treated implicitly through a point-coupled direct solution of the K-resolved BTEs at each control volume. This implicit solution is used as a relaxation sweep in a geometric multigrid method. The solution procedure is benchmarked against a traditional sequential solution procedure for thermal transport in silicon. Significant acceleration, between 10 to 300 times, over the sequential procedure is found for heat conduction problems.
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Stone, Sheldon. "BTeV." In HEAVY FLAVOR PHYSICS: Ninth International Symposium on Heavy Flavor Physics. AIP, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1478860.

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Loy, James M., Dhruv Singh, and Jayathi Y. Murthy. "Non-Gray Phonon Transport Using a Hybrid BTE-Fourier Solver." In ASME 2009 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the InterPACK09 and 3rd Energy Sustainability Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2009-88056.

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Non-gray phonon transport solvers based on the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) are frequently employed to simulate sub-micron thermal transport. Typical solution procedures using sequential solution schemes encounter numerical difficulties because of the large spread in scattering rates. For frequency bands with very low Knudsen numbers, strong coupling between the directional BTEs results in slow convergence for sequential solution procedures. In this paper, we present a hybrid BTE-Fourier model which addresses this issue. By establishing a phonon group cutoff (say Kn = 0.1), phonon bands with low Knudsen numbers are solved using a modified Fourier equation which includes a scattering term as well as corrections to account for boundary temperature slip. Phonon bands with high Knudsen numbers are solved using a BTE solver. Once the governing equations are solved for each phonon group, their energies are then summed to find the total lattice energy and correspondingly, the lattice temperature. An iterative procedure combining the lattice temperature determination and the solutions to the modified Fourier and BTE equations is developed. The procedure is shown to work well across a range of Knudsen numbers.
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Gibson, C. M., A. C. Polk, N. T. Shoemaker, K. K. Srinivasan, and S. R. Krishnan. "Comparison of Propane and Methane Performance and Emissions in a Turbocharged Direct Injection Dual Fuel Engine." In ASME 2010 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2010-35128.

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With increasingly restrictive NOx and PM emissions standards, the recent discovery of new natural gas reserves, and the possibility of producing propane efficiently from biomass sources, dual fueling strategies have become more attractive. This paper presents experimental results from dual-fueling a four-cylinder turbocharged DI diesel engine with propane or methane (a natural gas surrogate) as the primary fuel and diesel as the ignition source. Experiments were performed with the stock ECU at a constant speed of 1800 rev/min, and a wide range of BMEPs (2.7 to 11.6 bar) and percent energy substitutions (PES) of C3H8 and CH4. Brake thermal efficiencies (BTE) and emissions (NOx, smoke, THC, CO, and CO2) were measured. Maximum PES levels of about 80–95 percent with CH4 and 40–92 percent with C3H8 were achieved. Maximum PES was limited by poor combustion efficiencies and engine misfire at low loads for both C3H8 and CH4, and the onset of knock above 9 bar BMEP for C3H8. While dual fueling BTEs were lower than straight diesel BTEs at low loads, they approached diesel BTE values at high loads. With dual fueling, NOx and smoke reductions (from diesel values) were as high as 66–68 percent and 97 percent, respectively, but CO and THC emissions were significantly higher with increasing PES at all engine loads.
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Allu, Pareekshith, and Sandip Mazumder. "Hybrid Ballistic-Diffusive Solution of the Frequency-Dependent Phonon Boltzmann Transport Equation." In ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2016-7079.

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The phonon Boltzmann Transport Equation (BTE) is difficult to solve on account of the directional and spectral nature of the phonon intensity, which necessitates angular and spectral discretization, and ultimately results in a large number (typically few hundreds) of four-dimensional partial differential equations. In the ballistic (large Knudsen number) regime, the phonon intensity is highly anisotropic, and therefore, angular resolution is desirable. However, in the diffusive (small Knudsen number) regime, the intensity is fairly isotropic, and hence, angular discretization is wasteful. In such scenarios, the method of spherical harmonics may be effectively used to reduce the large number of directional BTEs to a few partial differential equations. Since the Knudsen number is frequency dependent, the decision to preserve or eliminate angular discretization may be made frequency by frequency based on whether the spectral Knudsen number is large or small. In this article, a hybrid method is proposed in which for some frequency intervals (bands), full angular discretization is used, while for others, the first order spherical harmonics (P1) is invoked to reduce the number of directional BTEs. The accuracy and efficiency of the hybrid method is tested by solving several steady state and transient nanoscale heat conduction problems in two and three-dimensional geometries. Silicon is used as the candidate material. It is found that hybridization is effective in significantly improving the efficiency of solution of the BTE — sometimes by a factor of three — without significant penalty on the accuracy.
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STONE, SHELDON. "THE BTeV PROGRAM." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814503952_0006.

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Cinabro, David. "BTeV Detector Update." In B PHYSICS AT HADRON MACHINES: 9th International Conference on B Physics at Hadron Machines - Beauty 2003. AIP, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1807306.

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Votava, M. "BTeV trigger/DAQ innovations." In 14th IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference, 2005. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rtc.2005.1547442.

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Wang, Michael H. L. S. "The BTeV Trigger System." In B PHYSICS AT HADRON MACHINES: 9th International Conference on B Physics at Hadron Machines - Beauty 2003. AIP, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1807324.

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Reports on the topic "BTEA"

1

Sampson P., H. Huang, and S. Y. Zhang. Gold Beam BTA Transfer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1132435.

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Roser, T. BTA Stripping Foil Studies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1151274.

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Niederer, J. More BTA Lattice Matching. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1151347.

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Lei, C. M., Simon Kwan, D. Hicks, Eileen Hahn, Jay Hoffman, Sharon Austin, and Renee Jones. Adhesive Testing for the BTeV Pixel Detector. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/878915.

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Kulyavtsev, A. BTeV: Preliminary Technical Design Report May 1999. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1433321.

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Gillanders, William. Defining the Role of BTLA in Breast Cancer Immunosurveillance and Selective Targeting of the BTLA-HVEM-LIGHT Costimulatory System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada570543.

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Murphy, Kenneth M., and William E. Gillanders. Defining the Role of BTLA in Breast Cancer Immunosurveillance and Selective Targeting of the BTLA-HVEM-LIGHT Constimulatory System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada545725.

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Gillanders, William E., and Kenneth M. Murphy. Defining the Role of BTLA in Breast Cancer Immunosurveillance and Selective Targeting of the BTLA-HVEM-LIGHT Costimulatory System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada552098.

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Sampson P. Verification of the BTA Model. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1132421.

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Bleser E. Daily Log Summary II: BTA Steering. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1132400.

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