Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bt-systems

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Bt-systems'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Bt-systems"

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Chowdary, L. Rajesh, M. Bheemanna, A. C. Hosamani, A. Prabhuraj, M. K. Naik, and J. M. Nidagundi. "Built in refuge for the management of Pink Bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders (Gelichidae: Lepidoptera) in Bt cotton." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 6, no. 1 (2014): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v6i1.401.

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Field experiment was conducted at the Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur during 2012-13 to identify and evaluate the suitable refuge strategy systems for pink bollworm resistance management in Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivation. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with nine refuge systems : 0 % N-Bt (BIR), 5 % N-Bt (BIR), 10 % N-Bt (BIR), 15 % N-Bt (BIR), 20% N-Bt perimeter refuge, 100% Non Bt, 50% Non Bt, 10% structured refuge and 20% structured refuge as treatments with three replications in replacement series. Significantly lowest incidence (3.55 larvae/plant) and number of bolls with exit holes (11.22) due to pink bollworm was recorded in 0% BIR (41.25 q/ha) followed by 5 % N-Bt (BIR) with yield of 38.74 q/ha and this was on par with 10 % N-Bt (BIR) with yield of 37.79 is next best refuge systems with Bt cotton for higher production and greater economic benefits.
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Lewczuk-Jodłowiec, U., J. Suchanicz, D. Sitko, and K. Konieczny. "Thermal properties of NBT-BT systems." Phase Transitions 90, no. 9 (2016): 818–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01411594.2016.1262368.

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Marral, Muhammad Waseem Riaz, Fiaz Ahmad, Sami Ul-Allah, Atique-ur-Rehman, Shahid Farooq, and Mubshar Hussain. "Influence of Transgenic (Bt) Cotton on the Productivity of Various Cotton-Based Cropping Systems in Pakistan." Agriculture 13, no. 2 (2023): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13020276.

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Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important fiber crop in Pakistan with significant economic importance. Transgenic, insect-resistant cotton (carrying a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)) was inducted in the cotton-based cropping systems of Pakistan during 2002, and is now sown in >90% of cotton fields in the country. However, concerns are rising that Bt cotton would decrease the productivity of winter crops (sown after cotton), leading to decreased system productivity. This two-year field study determined the impacts of transgenic (Bt) and non-transgenic (non-Bt) cotton genotypes on the productivities of winter crops (i.e., wheat, Egyptian clover, and canola), and the overall productivities of the cropping systems including these crops. Four cotton genotypes (two Bt and two non-Bt) and three winter crops (i.e., wheat, Egyptian clover, and canola) were included in the study. Nutrient availability was assessed after the harvest of cotton and winter crops. Similarly, the yield-related traits of cotton and winter crops were recorded at their harvest. The productivities of the winter crops were converted to net economic returns, and the overall economic returns of the cropping systems with winter crops were computed. The results revealed that Bt and non-Bt cotton genotypes significantly (p < 0.05) altered nutrient availability (N, P, K, B, Zn, and Fe). However, the yield-related attributes of winter crops were not affected by cotton genotypes, whereas the overall profitability of the cropping systems varied among the cotton genotypes. Economic analyses indicated that the Bt cotton–wheat cropping system was the most profitable, with a benefit–cost ratio of 1.55 in the semi-arid region of Pakistan. It is concluded that Bt cotton could be successfully inducted into the existing cropping systems of Pakistan without any decrease to the overall productivity of the cropping system.
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Yang, Xiao Jun, Jian Yong Li, and Yong Ping Lei. "The Preparation and Dielectric Properties of BT/PANI/PVDF Composite." Advanced Materials Research 668 (March 2013): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.668.17.

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Polyaniline (PANI) coated nano-sized BaTiO3 (BT) was blended with PVDF to form BT/PANI/PVDF composite. The incorporation of conductive PANI to the ceramic-polymer systems has significant influence on the dielectric properties of BT/PANI/PVDF composite. The BT/PANI/PVDF composite has higher dielectric constant than the comparable BT/PVDF in the frequency range from 40Hz to 1MHz. The polarization mechanism of the BT/PANI/PVDF composite has been discussed based on the experimental results.
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Kitsantas, Thomas. "Exploring Blockchain Technology and Enterprise Resource Planning System: Business and Technical Aspects, Current Problems, and Future Perspectives." Sustainability 14, no. 13 (2022): 7633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14137633.

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An Enterprise Resource-Planning (ERP) system is a complex, highly integrated software package for business organizations. However, an ERP system still has its limits, since the ERP business model is centered around individual enterprises. Today there is a great need for closer interactions between enterprises worldwide, a necessity that ERP systems face great difficulties with, when expanding to a full-on ecosystem. By integrating Blockchain Technology (BT) with ERP, we are entering a new epoch of decentralization, allowing organizations to function frictionless in a unified ecosystem. This study highlights the importance of integrating BT and ERP systems as well as explores the major prospective pillars for utilizing BT and ERP. This paper contributes to the academic literature, since there is little research evidence concerning the technical and business aspects of BT and ERP, so it fills the gap by exploring the main potential areas for deploying BT and ERP systems.
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Lewczuk, U., J. Suchanicz, M. Karpierz, and G. Stachowski. "Dielectric and ferroelectric properties of NBT-BT systems." Phase Transitions 90, no. 1 (2016): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01411594.2016.1188299.

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Li, He, and Yi-Tian Gao. "Bilinear Form and Two Bäcklund Transformations for the (3+1)-Dimensional Jimbo-Miwa Equation." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/834521.

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With Bell polynomials and symbolic computation, this paper investigates the (3+1)-dimensional Jimbo-Miwa equation, which is one of the equations in the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchy of integrable systems. We derive a bilinear form and construct a bilinear Bäcklund transformation (BT) for the (3+1)-dimensional Jimbo-Miwa equation, by virtue of which the soliton solutions are obtained. Bell-polynomial-typed BT is also constructed and cast into the bilinear BT.
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Reeve, M. H., C. Bilton, P. E. Holmes, and M. Bross. "Networks and systems for BT in the 21st century." BT Technology Journal 23, no. 1 (2005): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10550-005-0103-5.

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Reeve, M. H., C. Bilton, P. E. Holmes, and M. Bross. "Networks and systems for BT in the 21st century." BT Technology Journal 25, no. 3-4 (2007): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10550-007-0073-x.

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Dively, Galen P., Fangneng Huang, Isaac Oyediran, Tony Burd, and Shannon Morsello. "Evaluation of gene flow in structured and seed blend refuge systems of non-Bt and Bt corn." Journal of Pest Science 93, no. 1 (2019): 439–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10340-019-01126-4.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bt-systems"

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Root, Sheryl. "The healing touch : spiritual healing in England, c.1870-1955." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2005. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1196/.

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This thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of spiritual healing in England in its various different guises during the late-nineteenth and early- to mid-twentieth centuries. It considers the interplay between the various spiritual healing groups themselves and between their philosophies and practices and orthodox medical theory more generally. The first half examines how spiritual healing was conceptualised by those who practised it - who spiritual healers were, what they believed and how they defined illness and healing. The specific therapeutic techniques used by healers are delineated, and the themes of touch and morality explored in detail. The second half of this thesis then examines how spiritual healing was perceived by the religious and medical establishments, and explores their co-operational discourse. Firstly, the reaction of the orthodox Christian churches to spiritual healing and their fractured and inherently conservative attempts to utilise it as a means of revitalising orthodox Christianity are analysed. The final chapters then chart the chronological relationship between spiritual healing and orthodox medicine during three specific periods, and explore the way in which spiritual healing intersected and impacted upon medical reactions to the new psychology of the twentieth century.
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Björklund, Magnus, and Gun Persson. "Diagnostiksystem i gaffeltruckar." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1966.

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<p>This is a final thesis done at BT, considering one of their forklift truck models called Reflex. The first part of this report is about a preliminary investigation investigating what kind of diagnostic systems BTwants to use, and also which demands there are to meet all expectations on such system. Secondly a diagnostic system, which will show if the drive wheel is worn out, will be presented. </p><p>In the preliminary investigation, two kinds of diagnostic systems were mentioned. These were Model based diagnosis and Predictive analysis. Model based diagnosis is based on measurements made by sensors at the truck, while predictive analysis is based more on statistics and retrieved data about the lifetime of a truck in specific environments. </p><p>The diagnosis system for the drive wheel is based on a model made in Matlab's Simulink. Due to poor documentation, rough simplifications in the model have been made. However, one can still see the differences of principle. </p><p>The main thought was detecting a difference in the lowest torque level from the engine, varying the diameter of the drive wheel. By measurements made directly at the truck, different torques could be observed with varying diameter of the drive wheel, varying load on the truck and varying friction in the gearbox. Using hypothesis tests, it is possible to say whether the drive wheel is worn out or not. </p><p>Results show that if the drive wheel diameter is reduced by 25 mm, torque is reduced by 7% and if the drive wheel diameter is reduced as much as 50 mm, a torque reduction of 11% would be achieved.</p>
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Rupolo, Diogo [UNESP]. "Planejamento integrado de redes de distribuição de energia elétrica com fontes renováveis de geração distribuída na média e baixa tensão." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151582.

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Submitted by DIOGO RUPOLO null (rupolo.diogo@gmail.com) on 2017-09-08T14:50:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Final Diogo Rupolo.pdf: 4125842 bytes, checksum: 60d451cc4d13afb90cca7e443d7436b1 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Monique Sasaki (sayumi_sasaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-11T20:51:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rupolo_d_dr_ilha.pdf: 4125842 bytes, checksum: 60d451cc4d13afb90cca7e443d7436b1 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-11T20:51:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rupolo_d_dr_ilha.pdf: 4125842 bytes, checksum: 60d451cc4d13afb90cca7e443d7436b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-18<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Neste trabalho propõem-se metodologias para realizar o planejamento de sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica de média tensão (MT), baixa tensão (BT) e o planejamento integrado de sistemas de média e baixa tensão (MT/BT). Nos modelos de funções objetivos considerados minimizam-se os custos associados à construção, expansão, operação e confiabilidade das redes de MT, BT e MT/BT, considerando a presença de geradores distribuídos e variáveis de natureza estocástica. A geração distribuída presente no planejamento de sistemas de distribuição é avaliada através de metodologias de geração de cenários e análise de risco. Como método de busca de soluções para o problema de planejamento dos sistemas de distribuição é proposta a meta-heurística de busca em vizinhança variável GVNS (General Variable Neighborhood Search). A meta-heurística GVNS trabalha com uma série de estruturas de vizinhanças que permitem explorar o espaço de busca de forma eficiente através dos critérios de diversificação e intensificação, aumentando a probabilidade de obter soluções que não sejam ótimos locais. No planejamento integrado MT/BT, as soluções obtidas são analisadas através de um fluxo de potência integrado entre as redes de MT e BT, considerando as relações de conexão dos transformadores entre estes sistemas. Os algoritmos propostos relacionados ao planejamento de sistemas MT, BT e MT/BT são implementados em linguagem de programação C++ e testado em diferentes sistemas testes de MT (54 barras e 182 barras), BT (76 barras) e MT/BT (172 e 412 barras), sob diferentes cenários operacionais.<br>This work proposes methodologies for the planning of medium voltage (MV), low voltage (LV), and integrated planning of medium and low voltage (MV/LV) systems. In the objective function models are considered the costs associated with the construction, expansion, operation and reliability of MV, LV and integrated MV/LV networks. Distributed generators and stochastic variables are also considered in the models. The distributed generation present in the planning of distribution systems is evaluated through methodologies of scenario generation and risk analysis. As a method of finding solutions to the problem of distribution system planning, the GVNS metaheuristic (General Variable Neighborhood Search) is proposed. The metaheuristic GVNS works with a series of neighborhood structures that allow to explore the search space efficiently through diversification and intensification criteria, increasing the probability of obtaining solutions that are not local optimum. In integrated MV/LV planning, the solutions obtained are analyzed through an integrated power flow between the MV and LV networks, considering the connection ratios of the transformers between these systems. The proposed algorithms related to the planning of MV, LV and integrated MV/LV systems are implemented in C ++ programming language and tested in different distribution systems, MV (54 and 182 bus), LV (76 bus) and MV/LV (172 and 412 bus), under different operating scenarios.
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Rupolo, Diogo. "Planejamento integrado de redes de distribuição de energia elétrica com fontes renováveis de geração distribuída na média e baixa tensão /." Ilha Solteira, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151582.

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Orientador: Jose Sanches Mantovani<br>Resumo: Neste trabalho propõem-se metodologias para realizar o planejamento de sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica de média tensão (MT), baixa tensão (BT) e o planejamento integrado de sistemas de média e baixa tensão (MT/BT). Nos modelos de funções objetivos considerados minimizam-se os custos associados à construção, expansão, operação e confiabilidade das redes de MT, BT e MT/BT, considerando a presença de geradores distribuídos e variáveis de natureza estocástica. A geração distribuída presente no planejamento de sistemas de distribuição é avaliada através de metodologias de geração de cenários e análise de risco. Como método de busca de soluções para o problema de planejamento dos sistemas de distribuição é proposta a meta-heurística de busca em vizinhança variável GVNS (General Variable Neighborhood Search). A meta-heurística GVNS trabalha com uma série de estruturas de vizinhanças que permitem explorar o espaço de busca de forma eficiente através dos critérios de diversificação e intensificação, aumentando a probabilidade de obter soluções que não sejam ótimos locais. No planejamento integrado MT/BT, as soluções obtidas são analisadas através de um fluxo de potência integrado entre as redes de MT e BT, considerando as relações de conexão dos transformadores entre estes sistemas. Os algoritmos propostos relacionados ao planejamento de sistemas MT, BT e MT/BT são implementados em linguagem de programação C++ e testado em diferentes sistemas testes de MT (54 barras e 182... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Doutor
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Brito, Cláudio Alves. "Otimização do Fluxo de Potência em Redes de BT com Sistemas PV e Armazenamento." Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal.Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Setúbal, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/17978.

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Dissertação submetida como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Eletrotécnica e de Computadores – perfil de Energias Renováveis e Sistemas de Potência<br>O número de sistemas fotovoltaicos nas redes de baixa tensão tem vindo a aumentar nos últimos anos. Para além de produzir energia de uma forma limpa, é uma tecnologia que requer pouca manutenção e que é muito útil nos locais mais remotos e de difícil acesso. No entanto, o crescimento do número destes sistemas traz problemas ao nível da rede nomeadamente aumentos de tensão acima do limite definido e trânsito de potências bidirecionais. Normalmente, estes sistemas estão ligados à rede com o objetivo de injetar a máxima potência gerada. No entanto, estes sistemas podem também fornecer serviços auxiliares que permitem regular a tensão e equilibrar as fases na rede. O armazenamento de eletricidade tem vindo a emergir como um meio para melhorar a qualidade da rede elétrica e para facilitar a integração de fontes de energia renovável de pequena escala nas redes de baixa tensão. Neste contexto, a presente dissertação apresenta o estudo do impacto dos sistemas fotovoltaicos com e sem armazenamento com serviços auxiliares na rede elétrica. Neste trabalho é proposto a injeção de potência ativa e reativa de forma equilibrada ou desequilibrada de modo a equilibrar a rede e a regular a tensão. O uso de armazenamento para redução das perdas também é proposto.<br>The number of photovoltaic systems in low voltage grids has been increasing in recent years. Apart from the fact that these systems produce energy in a clean way, they require little maintenance and they are very useful in remote locations and with difficult access. However, the increase of the number of these systems brings problems to the grid, specially voltage increases above the threshold set and bidirectional power traffic. Typically, these systems are connected to the grid in order to inject the maximum power generated. However, these systems can also provide ancillary services that allow voltage regulation and phase balancing. The storage has been emerging as a mean to improve the quality of the grid and to facilitate the integration of small scale renewable energy resources in low voltage networks. In this context, this dissertation presents the study of the impact of photovoltaic systems with and without storage with ancillary services. In this work it’s proposed the injection of active and reactive power in order to balance the network and adjust voltage. The use of storage for reduction of losses is also proposed.
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Fioresi, Adriano. "A new method to characteriz e monitoring platforms for dynamic distribution systems." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12387/.

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Nell'esercizio della Distribuzione Elettrica, molte applicazioni come il controllo dei ussi di potenza e la stabilità della tensione, richiedono la conoscenza dello stato della rete. Queste informazioni possono essere ottenute aggregando misure disponibili della rete, seppur di diversa natura, e applicando ad esse algoritmi di Stima di Stato. Diversi fattori possono avere un impatto sull'incertezza della stima di stato nel caso in cui alcune grandezze della rete stiano evolvendo dinamicamente. Lo scopo di questo lavoro è quello di identificare i diversi contributi che incidono sulla accuratezza del risultato della Stima di Stato globale durante il verificarsi di eventi di natura dinamica. Tra questi si citano quali veloci variazioni della potenza generata da parte di fonti di energia rinnovabili e uttuazioni della domanda di potenza da parte clienti della rete. I test eseguiti evidenziano l'importanza del porre particolare attenione agli effetti portati da queste dinamiche allo scopo di identificare le incertezze che affliggono il sistema di monitoraggio della rete.
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"On modeling clustering indexes of BT-like systems." 2009. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5894014.

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Li, Qiuhui.<br>Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 46-47).<br>Abstract also in Chinese.<br>Abstract --- p.i<br>Acknowledgement --- p.ii<br>Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1 --- An overview of the BitTorrent protocol --- p.3<br>Chapter 2 --- Problem Formulation --- p.7<br>Chapter 2.1 --- Type-based Peer Selection Algorithm --- p.7<br>Chapter 2.2 --- Clustering Index --- p.9<br>Chapter 3 --- Model Formulation --- p.11<br>Chapter 3.1 --- Markovian Model --- p.12<br>Chapter 3.2 --- Transition Matrix --- p.14<br>Chapter 3.2.1 --- Search Process --- p.16<br>Chapter 3.2.2 --- Match Process --- p.18<br>Chapter 3.2.3 --- Cut Process --- p.19<br>Chapter 3.3 --- Open System Model --- p.21<br>Chapter 4 --- Numerical Results and Observations --- p.24<br>Chapter 4.1 --- Clustering Index --- p.24<br>Chapter 4.2 --- Upload Utilization --- p.26<br>Chapter 4.3 --- Download Rate --- p.28<br>Chapter 4.4 --- Open System --- p.30<br>Chapter 5 --- Performance Evaluation --- p.32<br>Chapter 5.1 --- Model Verification --- p.34<br>Chapter 5.2 --- Control the Clustering Index --- p.36<br>Chapter 6 --- Related Works --- p.40<br>Chapter 7 --- Conclusions --- p.44<br>Bibliography --- p.46
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Wang, Wei. "Fast Parameter-Space Sweep of Wideband Electromagnetic Systems Using Bt-pod." 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/402.

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Modeling and design of high frequency electronic systems such as antennas and microwave devices require the rigorous numerical solution of Maxwell’s equa- tions. The frequency-domain (time-harmonic) tangential vector finite element method (TVFEM) for Maxwell equations results in a second-order dynamical electromagnetic model that must be repeatedly solved for multiple frequencies, excitation or material parameters each design loop. This leads to extremely long design turnaround that often is not optimal. This work will propose an accurate, error controllable and ef- ficient multi-parametric model order reduction scheme that significantly accelerate these parameters sweep. At the core of this work is the proper orthogonal decompo- sition (POD) sampling technique and balanced truncation (BT) algorithm that are used to reduce multi-parameter spaces that include frequency, material parameters and infinite array scan angles. The proposed methodology employs a novel computa- tional scheme based on adaptive POD sampling and the singular value decomposition (SVD) of the low-rank Hankel matrix. Numerical examples confirm the significant time savings and good accuracy of the method for a diverse set of high-frequency electromagnetic systems.
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Minnaar, Karin. "Effects of Bt crop residues on the development, growth, and reproduction of the freshwater snail, Bulinus tropicus / Karin Minnaar." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/13394.

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Genetically modified (GM) crops were introduced in South Africa in 1989 and commercially available by 1998. Legislation to control the use of GM crops was only implemented in 1999, with the genetically modified organisms (GMO) act (15 of 1999). In 2012 2.9 million ha of GM crops were planted in South Africa alone. GM Crops, such as Bt maize, are promoted as safer for the environment since no chemical pesticides are needed. However, recently GM crops have been making headlines as more and more studies find adverse effects of these crops on non-target organisms. The effects on aquatic environments have not yet been fully determined, even though traces of Bt residue have been found in water systems surrounding agricultural lands. The aim of this study was to establish the effects of the Bt toxin on fecundity, development and growth of Bulinus tropicus, a freshwater snail. The experiment made use of a static renewal tests to expose B. tropicus to 50 cm2 Bt maize and cotton leaves in 900 ml of synthetic freshwater. The snails were exposed for the duration of one full life cycle (embryo to adult). Endpoints measured included the development, growth, fecundity, and deformities of the reproductive organs. The results obtained showed retarded development and low embryo survival when the snails were exposed to cotton leaves, irrespective of the presence or absence of Bt, indicating to the possibility of trace residues of chemical pesticides may have been present on the leaves. Initial stimulated growth of hatchlings was observed for both Bt cotton and maize exposures, but after sexual maturity has been reached, ‘surplus’ energy was probably shared between growth and fecundity, resulting in a reduction of growth rate. Energy is gained from their diet, thus a sub-optimal diet would result in less energy available to functions such as growth and fecundity. Signs of developmental instability were found in the formation of the shell opening of the snails exposed to Bt. Fecundity decreased significantly after snails had been exposed to Bt maize / cotton leaves. No differences were found in the penis sheath-preputium length ratio, indicating that Bt had no deleterious effects on the reproductive organs.<br>MSc (Environmental Sciences), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Books on the topic "Bt-systems"

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Anca, Molnos, Nieuwpoort Rob, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Computer Architecture: ISCA 2010 International Workshops A4MMC, AMAS-BT, EAMA, WEED, WIOSCA, Saint-Malo, France, June 19-23, 2010, Revised Selected Papers. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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British BT Systems: Brighton Hove. Senior Publications, 1990.

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(Editor), P. Cochrane, and David J.T. Heatley (Editor), eds. Modelling Future Telecommunications Systems (BT Telecommunications Series). Springer, 1995.

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Peschard, Karine E. Seed Activism. The MIT Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/14484.001.0001.

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How lawsuits around intellectual property in Brazil and India are impacting the patentability of plants and seeds, farmers' rights, and the public interest. Over the past decade, legal challenges have arisen in the Global South over patents on genetically modified crops. In this ethnographic study, Karine E. Peschard explores the effects of these disputes on people's lives, while uncovering the role of power—material, institutional, and discursive—in shaping laws and legal systems. The expansion of corporate intellectual property (IP), she shows, negatively impacts farmers' rights and, by extension, the right to food, since small farms produce the bulk of food for domestic consumption. Peschard sees emerging a new legal common sense concerning the patentability of plant-related inventions, as well as a balance among IP, farmers' rights, and the public interest. Peschard examines the strengthening of IP regimes for plant varieties, the consolidation of the global biotech industry, the erosion of agrobiodiversity, and farmers' dispossession. She shows how litigants question the legality of patents and private IP systems implemented by Monsanto for royalties on three genetically modified crop varieties, Roundup Ready soybean in Brazil and Bt cotton and Bt eggplant in India. Peschard argues that these private IP systems have rendered moot domestic legislation on plant variety protection and farmers' rights. This unprecedented level of corporate concentration in such a vital sector raises concerns over the erosion of agricultural biodiversity, farmers' rights and livelihoods, food security, and, ultimately, the merits of extending IP rights to higher life forms such as plants.
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(Editor), F. A. Westall, R. D. Johnston (Editor), and A. V. Lewis (Editor), eds. Speech Technology for Telecommunications (BT Telecommunications Series). Springer, 1997.

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Gujar, G., Y. Andi Trisyono, and Mao Chen, eds. Genetically Modified Crops in Asia Pacific. CSIRO Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486310913.

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Meeting future food needs without compromising environmental integrity is a central challenge for agriculture globally but especially for the Asia Pacific region – where 60% of the global population, including some of the world’s poorest, live on only 30% of the land mass. To guarantee the food security of this and other regions, growers worldwide are rapidly adopting genetically modified (GM) crops as the forerunner to protect against many biotic and abiotic stresses. Asia Pacific countries play an important role in this, with India, China and Pakistan appearing in the top 10 countries with acreage of GM crops, primarily devoted to Bt cotton. &#x0D; &#x0D; Genetically Modified Crops in Asia Pacific discusses the progress of GM crop adoption across the Asia Pacific region over the past two decades, including research, development, adoption and sustainability, as well as the cultivation of insect resistant Bt brinjal, drought-tolerant sugarcane, late blight resistant potato and biotech rice more specific to this region. Regulatory efforts of the Asia Pacific member nations to ensure the safety of GM crops to both humans and the environment are also outlined to provide impetus in other countries initiating biotech crops. The authors also probe into some aspects of gene editing and nanobiotechnology to expand the scope into next generation GM crops, including the potential to grow crops in acidic soil, reduce methane production, remove poisonous elements from plants and improve overall nutritional quality.&#x0D; &#x0D; Genetically Modified Crops in Asia Pacific provides a comprehensive reference not only for academics, researchers and private sectors in crop systems but also policy makers in the Asia Pacific region. Beyond this region, readers will benefit from understanding how GM crops have been integrated into many different countries and, in particular, the effects of the take-up of GM cropping systems by farmers with different socioeconomic backgrounds.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;
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Evans, Sharon. Telecommunications Network Modelling, Planning and Design (BT Communications Technology). Institution of Electrical Engineers, 2004.

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ATM for Service Providers (BT Telecommunications Series). Springer, 1997.

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(Editor), Daniel Ralph, and Stephen Searby (Editor), eds. Location and Personalisation: Delivering Online and Mobility Services (BT Communications Technology). Institution of Electrical Engineers, 2003.

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Carrier Scale IP: Designing and Operating Internet Networks (Bt Communications Technology Series, 1). Institution Electrical Engineers, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bt-systems"

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Kubica, Bartłomiej Jacek. "Solving Equations and Inequalities Systems Using Interval B&Bt Methods." In Interval Methods for Solving Nonlinear Constraint Satisfaction, Optimization and Similar Problems. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13795-3_5.

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Lu, Y., N. Marheineke, and J. Mohring. "Interpolation Strategy for BT-Based Parametric MOR of Gas Pipeline-Networks." In Model Reduction of Parametrized Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58786-8_24.

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Virginas, Botond, Gilbert Owusu, Chris Voudouris, and George Anim-Ansah. "A Two Stage Optimisation System for Resource Management in BT." In Applications and Innovations in Intelligent Systems XI. Springer London, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0643-2_8.

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Tiwari, Siddharth, and Roger R. Youngman. "Transgenic Bt Corn Hybrids and Pest Management in the USA." In Alternative Farming Systems, Biotechnology, Drought Stress and Ecological Fertilisation. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0186-1_2.

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Lalitha, N., and P. K. Viswanathan. "Bt Cotton Cultivation in Gujarat: Emerging Issues and Environmental Challenges." In Knowledge Systems of Societies for Adaptation and Mitigation of Impacts of Climate Change. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36143-2_18.

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M. Zein, Reyan, and Hossana Twinomurinzi. "Perspective Chapter: Actor-Network Theory as an Organising Structure for Blockchain Adoption in Government." In Blockchain [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106751.

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Blockchain technology (BT) is a promising technology with compelling distributive and security capabilities for digitalising organisations and social systems. It is, however, often approached from a deterministic and technical perspective yet requires social, cultural and institutional changes as part of the process of adopting new technology in the context of the digital government sectors. This study uses actor-network theory (ANT) for its closely related hybrid middle, translation features, token passing through to network stability and interessement, as a lens to shape and understand the complexities surrounding the adoption and use of BT, particularly in the public sector organisations. Using the land registration system in Sudan as a case study, the findings show that ANT provides an adequate lens through which to examine the role of emergent distributive technologies such as BT in shaping social and organisational processes. ANT further contributes to a more holistic adoption of BT in public sector organisations. In the case study, the proposed blockchain guided by ANT simplified the complexity of land processes for registration, selling, buying and ownership, eventually replacing multiple processes with single transactions while at the same time embedding security and transparency.
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Morton, Ralph, and Hilary Nesi. "Institutional collaboration in the creation of digital linguistic resources: the case of the British Telecom correspondence corpus." In Communities, Archives and New Collaborative Practices. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447341895.003.0011.

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This chapter discusses the creation of the British Telecom Correspondence Corpus (BTCC), a searchable database of letters taken from the public archives of British Telecom (BT) that were written by nearly 400 authors on a wide variety of topics between 1853 and 1982. It first discusses some experiences working on the New Connections project, funded by Jisc (formerly the Joint Information Systems Committee) and a collaboration between Coventry University, BT Heritage, and The National Archives, focusing particularly on the methodological issues encountered. The corpus was created to address a gap in existing corpus resources, and so that researchers (primarily linguists) could access and, crucially, engage with the language of the letters. Since the completion of the BTCC there have been efforts to expand the corpus to include correspondence written to and from the Post Office, an institution with many historical links to BT. This chapter addresses issues surrounding institutional collaboration in both phases of this ongoing research.
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Kumar, Rajesh, Monika Sharma, Sarita Sharma, and Rajesh K. Singh. "Recent Advances in Synthesis and the Anticancer Activity of Benzothiazole Hybrids as Anticancer Agents." In Key Heterocyclic Cores for Smart Anticancer Drug–Design Part I. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815040074122010006.

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Cancer is known as a silent killer that wreaks havoc on our immune systems. Cancer is the leading cause of death in the majority of cases. Resistance to anticancer drugs is becoming more agile, which encourages researchers to develop more effective cancer therapies. Heterocyclic compounds have long been important in advanced medicinal chemistry. Among the various heterocyclic scaffolds, benzothiazole (BT) is one of the most privileged moieties with a diverse range of biological activities such as anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antifungal, and so on. A large number of novel benzothiazole derivatives have been synthesized. Some of the mechanisms used by BT to treat cancer include tyrosine-kinase inhibitors, topoisomerase II inhibitors, CYP450 enzyme inhibitors, Abl kinase inhibitors, tubulin polymerase inhibitors, and HSP90 inhibitors. In this chapter, we will discuss various benzothiazole-hybrid compounds that optimise potency as well as anticancer activity in a concise manner. The goal of this chapter is to highlight recent research on benzothiazole scaffolds and their anticancer activity against various biological targets. The chapter will also provide updates on benzothiazole-containing drugs that are currently in clinical trials as well as those that have recently been granted patents.
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Roibás, Anxo Cereijo, and Stephen Johnson. "Pervasive iTV and Creative Networked Multimedia Systems." In Ubiquitous and Pervasive Computing. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-960-1.ch042.

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This article presents a research project carried out at the BT Mobility Research Center with the aim of developing appropriate applications for pervasive iTV, paying special attention to the personal and social contextual usage of this media within the entertainment, work, and government environments. It prospects a future trend in the use of pervasive interactive multimedia systems in future communications scenarios for mobile and pervasive iTV, that is, the use of handhelds as interfaces to extend and enhance the TV experience outside the home boundaries. The new scenarios discussed in this article are based on the assumption that mobile phones interconnected with other surrounding interfaces (e.g., iTV, PCs, PDAs, in-car-navigators, smart-house appliances, etc.), will be decisive in the creation of pervasive interactive multimedia systems. With its recent development into becoming an interactive system, TV seems to increasingly replace traditional “passive” TV platforms through active viewers-participation (Lamont &amp; Afshan, 1999). Moreover, interactive television gives viewer the opportunity to extend their UX of television for activities that currently occur more typically on the Web (Steemers, 1998). These activities are consequent to the enhanced communication possibilities that have been enabled by new media: users can browse information, personalize their viewing choices, play interactive games, carry out e-commerce activities (shopping, banking, voting, etc.), and play increasingly active roles in broadcast programs (to the extent of interacting with other viewers).
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Roibás, Anxo Cereijo, and Stephen Johnson. "Use of Experimental Ethno-Methods to Evaluate the User Experience with Mobile Interactive Multimedia Systems." In Handbook of Research on User Interface Design and Evaluation for Mobile Technology. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-871-0.ch002.

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This chapter discusses research initially supported by the Vodafone Group Foundation and the British Royal Academic of Engineering, and subsequently by the BT Mobility Research Centre. It aims to unfold the user experience in future scenarios of mobile interactive multimedia systems, such as mobile iTV with plausible significance in entertainment, work, and government environments. Consolidated and experimental ethnographic data gathering techniques have been used to understand how peripatetic and nomadic users such as commuters and travelers interact in real contexts, taking into account their physical and social environment together with their emotions and feelings during interaction with the system. This approach potentially enhances the consistency and relevance of the results. This chapter also envisages how mobile users could become a sort of ‘DIY producers’ of digital content, prompting the emergence of mobile communities that collaborate to create their own ‘movies’ and exchanging them not only with other users but also places (real and virtual environments) and objects (intelligent objects and other digital-physical hybrids). This work illustrates that mobile and pervasive TV would go further than merely broadcasting TV content on handhelds; it will be a platform that will support collaboration and enhancement of creative skills among users.
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Conference papers on the topic "Bt-systems"

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Cowell, S. "New DC power systems for BT." In Twenty-Third International Telecommunications Energy Conference. INTELEC 2001. IEE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:20010576.

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Li, Q. H., and J. C. S. Lui. "On Modeling Clustering Indexes of BT-Like Systems." In ICC 2009 - 2009 IEEE International Conference on Communications. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icc.2009.5199243.

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Laury, John, Lars Abrahamsson, and Math Bollen. "Transient Stability of Rotary Frequency Converter Fed Low Frequency Railway Grids: The Impact of Different Grid Impedances and Different Converter Station Configurations." In 2018 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2018-6247.

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One method of strengthening low frequency AC railway grids is to upgrade Booster Transformer (BT) catenary systems, to Auto Transformer (AT) catenary systems. An AT catenary system has lower equivalent impedance compared to a BT system. Thus, an upgrade makes the existing converter stations electrically closer. Converter stations may have different types of Rotary Frequency Converters (RFCs) installed in them, and it is not well explored how different RFCs behaves and interact during and after a large disturbance. Using the Anderson-Fouad model of synchronous machines to describe the dynamics of RFCs, several case studies have been performed through numerical simulations. The studies investigate the interactions within and between converter stations constituted with different RFC types, for BT as well AT catenary systems. The numerical studies reveal that replacing BT with AT catenary systems, results in a more oscillatory system behaviour. This is seen for example in the power oscillations between and inside converter stations, after fault clearance.
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Trommler, Daniel, Tina Morgenstern, Cornelia Hollander, et al. "Investigating the Influence of Working Memory Processes on the Box Task combined with a Detection Response Task." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002460.

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The assessment of task demand caused by in-vehicle systems is crucial to avoid distraction while driving. The Box Task (BT) in combination with a tactile Detection Response Task (DRT) provides a method for measuring both visual-manual and cognitive secondary task demand. In the present study, the impact of cognitive, auditory-verbal tasks on the BT + DRT performance was investigated. Thirty-two participants had to perform an easy as well as a difficult version of an n-back task and a memory scanning task while simultaneously performing the BT + DRT. There was only a slight effect of cognitive task demand on the BT performance parameters, while the DRT proved to be highly sensitive to cognitive task demand. Therefore, it is assumed that the method is suitable for a differentiated measurement of task demand dimensions.
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Fan, Bin, Dah-ming Chiu, and John Lui. "Stochastic Analysis and File Availability Enhancement for BT-like File Sharing Systems." In 200614th IEEE International Workshop on Quality of Service. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwqos.2006.250448.

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Nagai, Toshiyuki, Akira Yoshida, and Yoshiharu Amano. "Impact of Utilizing PV Surplus Electricity on CO2 Emissions From the Residential Energy Systems." In ASME 2017 11th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2017 Power Conference Joint With ICOPE-17, the ASME 2017 15th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2017 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2017-3288.

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In order to reduce CO2 emissions in the residential sector, the installation of photovoltaics (PV) has been increasing extensively. However, such large-scale PV installations cause problems in the low-voltage distribution grid of the residential sector, such as PV related voltage surges. In this study, the utilization of suppressed PV output through energy storage devices was proposed. Using demand side energy storage devices reduces voltage surge, transmission loss, and CO2 emissions from the residential buildings. The objective of this study was to add voltage constraints of the low-voltage distribution grid to an operational planning problem that we developed for the residential energy systems, and to quantitatively evaluate the potential of heat pump water heater (HP) to utilize the PV surplus electricity, while considering the electrical grid constraints based on the minimization of CO2 emissions. We found that when a 4.5 kW HP with 370 L storage, which utilizes PV output, was added to the system, the reduction in CO2 emissions was more than twice compared with that in the case of adding 4 kWh battery (BT) to a PV and gas fired water heater configuration. Further, the effect of utilizing the suppressed PV electricity by HP was almost equivalent to that by the BT. Therefore, the potential of HP in utilizing PV surplus electricity is higher than that of the BT in terms of CO2 emissions reduction in the residential sector.
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Lai, Jyh-Ting, Chun-Yuan Chu, An-Yeu Wu, and Wen-Chiang Chen. "A Robust Band-Tracking Packet Detector (BT-PD) in OFDM-Based Ultra-Wideband Systems." In 2006 IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems Design and Implementation. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sips.2006.352575.

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Pisla, Doina, Dragos Cocorean, Calin Vaida, Bogdan Gherman, Adrian Pisla, and Nicolae Plitea. "Application Oriented Design and Simulation of an Innovative Parallel Robot for Brachytherapy." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35047.

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The paper presents the design and simulation of a new 5-DOF parallel robot named PARA-BRACHYROB used for brachytherapy. Brachytherapy (BT) is an advanced cancer treatment technique, where radioactive seeds are delivered directly in the tumor without damaging the proximal healthy tissues. Due to the tremendous therapeutic potential of brachytherapy, many researches are encouraged to provide solutions for enhanced placement of BT devices inside the patient body, thus further developing brachytherapy robotic systems. Therefore the paper presents an innovative CT-Scan compatible robotic device for this application. The PARA-BRACHYROB system consists of a parallel robot with five degrees of freedom (DOF) for needle positioning and orientation up to the insertion point in the patient body and a 1-DOF mechanism for the needle insertion. The kinematic models of PARA-BRACHYROB are presented and validated through a multi-body simulation including a short description of the numerical and simulation results for the developed model.
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Krejcar, Ondrej, Dalibor Janckulik, and Leona Motalova. "Dataflow Optimization Using of WiFi, GSM, UMTS, BT and GPS Positioning in Mobile Information Systems on Mobile Devices." In 2010 Second International Conference on Computer Engineering and Applications. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccea.2010.180.

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Stevenson, N., E. Palmer, J. Smeathers, and B. Boashash. "The BT product as a signal dependent sample size estimate in hypothesis testing: an application to linear/nonlinear discrimination in bandwidth limited systems." In Seventh International Symposium on Signal Processing and Its Applications, 2003. Proceedings. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isspa.2003.1224936.

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