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Journal articles on the topic 'Brushite cements'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 26 September 2023

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1

No, Young Jung, Ib Holzmeister, Zufu Lu, Shubham Prajapati, Jeffrey Shi, Uwe Gbureck, and Hala Zreiqat. "Effect of Baghdadite Substitution on the Physicochemical Properties of Brushite Cements." Materials 12, no. 10 (May 27, 2019): 1719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12101719.

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Brushite cements have been clinically used for irregular bone defect filling applications, and various strategies have been previously reported to modify and improve their physicochemical properties such as strength and injectability. However, strategies to address other limitations of brushite cements such as low radiopacity or acidity without negatively impacting mechanical strength have not yet been reported. In this study, we report the effect of substituting the beta-tricalcium phosphate reactant in brushite cement with baghdadite (Ca3ZrSi2O9), a bioactive zirconium-doped calcium silicate ceramic, at various concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, and 100 wt%) on the properties of the final brushite cement product. X-ray diffraction profiles indicate the dissolution of baghdadite during the cement reaction, without affecting the crystal structure of the precipitated brushite. EDX analysis shows that calcium is homogeneously distributed within the cement matrix, while zirconium and silicon form cluster-like aggregates with sizes ranging from few microns to more than 50 µm. X-ray images and µ-CT analysis indicate enhanced radiopacity with increased incorporation of baghdadite into brushite cement, with nearly a doubling of the aluminium equivalent thickness at 50 wt% baghdadite substitution. At the same time, compressive strength of brushite cement increased from 12.9 ± 3.1 MPa to 21.1 ± 4.1 MPa with 10 wt% baghdadite substitution. Culture medium conditioned with powdered brushite cement approached closer to physiological pH values when the cement is incorporated with increasing amounts of baghdadite (pH = 6.47 for pure brushite, pH = 7.02 for brushite with 20 wt% baghdadite substitution). Baghdadite substitution also influenced the ionic content in the culture medium, and subsequently affected the proliferative activity of primary human osteoblasts in vitro. This study indicates that baghdadite is a beneficial additive to enhance the radiopacity, mechanical performance and cytocompatibility of brushite cements.

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2

Aghyarian, Shant, Lucas C. Rodriguez, Jonathan Chari, Elizabeth Bentley, Victor Kosmopoulos, Isador H. Lieberman, and Danieli C. Rodrigues. "Characterization of a new composite PMMA-HA/Brushite bone cement for spinal augmentation." Journal of Biomaterials Applications 29, no. 5 (August 1, 2014): 688–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885328214544770.

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Calcium phosphate fillers have been shown to increase cement osteoconductivity, but have caused drawbacks in cement properties. Hydroxyapatite and Brushite were introduced in an acrylic two-solution cement at varying concentrations. Novel composite bone cements were developed and characterized using rheology, injectability, and mechanical tests. It was hypothesized that the ample swelling time allowed by the premixed two-solution cement would enable thorough dispersion of the additives in the solutions, resulting in no detrimental effects after polymerization. The addition of Hydroxyapatite and Brushite both caused an increase in cement viscosity; however, these cements exhibited high shear-thinning, which facilitated injection. In gel point studies, the composite cements showed no detectable change in gel point time compared to an all-acrylic control cement. Hydroxyapatite and Brushite composite cements were observed to have high mechanical strengths even at high loads of calcium phosphate fillers. These cements showed an average compressive strength of 85 MPa and flexural strength of 65 MPa. A calcium phosphate-containing cement exhibiting a combination of high viscosity, pseudoplasticity and high mechanical strength can provide the essential bioactivity factor for osseointegration without sacrificing load-bearing capability.

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3

Lilley, K. J., Uwe Gbureck, Adrian J. Wright, David Farrar, and J. E. Barralet. "Investigation into Carboxylic Acids as Cement Reactants." Key Engineering Materials 309-311 (May 2006): 853–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.309-311.853.

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Bajpai et al. originally reported the formation of cements by the mixture of carboxylic acids and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). In the current study, we report and contrast four such cement systems formed from mixing citric, malic, 2-oxoglutaric or phosphoric acid with β-TCP. Cements formed from malic or 2-oxoglutaric appeared to contain crystalline phases and were determined to contain brushite, β-TCP and unreacted acid. In contrast, cement formed with citric acid was poorly crystalline, containing little evidence of brushite formation and was unstable in water and therefore does not appear to be a feasible cement system.

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4

Altundal, Sahin, Marco Laurenti, Enrique Jose López‐Cabarcos, Jorge Rubio-Retama, and Karlis Agris Gross. "Accelerated Transformation of Brushite Cement into Carbonate Apatite in Biomimetic Solution." Key Engineering Materials 800 (April 2019): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.800.70.

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Brushite cement has advantages such as fast setting, high reactivity and good injectability over apatitic cements. To induce the bioactivity of brushite cements, the goal was to convert it into a bone-like low crystalline carbonate apatite. To achieve this induced transformation, potassium and magnesium were used as dopants which were claimed to be effective in the literature. The cements were immersed for 2 periods of time: 1 day and 6 weeks in Tas-Simulated-Body-Fluid (Tas-SBF) due to its excellent biomimetic properties with its adjusted HCO3- and Cl- ionic rates according to human-blood-plasma. 5% of potassium (to calcium sites) seemed to be more effective over magnesium modification. The aim of this study is to define an optimal composition in terms of transforming brushite into apatite.

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5

Srakaew, N., and Sirirat T. Rattanachan. "Effect of Apatite Wollastonite Glass Ceramic Addition on Brushite Bone Cement Containing Chitosan." Advanced Materials Research 506 (April 2012): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.506.106.

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Apatite wollastonite glass ceramic (AW-GC) (34.2% SiO2, 44.9% CaO, 16.3%P2O5, 4.6% MgO, 0.5% CaF2) was added into a brushite bone cement, which composed of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-Ca3(PO4)2, β-TCP) and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (Ca (H2PO4)2H2O, MCPM) in powder phases. Cement was prepared using a 3 β-TCP:2 MCPM in weight ratio. To evaluate the effect of AW-GC on the mechanical strength and degradability of brushite bone cement, the powder phases and 1 wt.% of chitosan dissolved in 5 wt.% of citric acid solution were mixed and soaked in simulated body fluid solution at 37 °C for 1, 3, 5,7 and 14 days, respectively. The compressive strength and setting time of AW-GC added in brushite bone cement were studied and compared with pure brushite cement. The pH values increased with addition of AW-GC. Additionally, the obtained brushite bone cements were characterized by XRD, SEM techniques.

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6

Alkhraisat, Mohammad Hamdan, Jatsue Cabrejos-Azama, Carmen Rueda Rodríguez, Luis Blanco Jerez, and Enrique López Cabarcos. "Magnesium substitution in brushite cements." Materials Science and Engineering: C 33, no. 1 (January 2013): 475–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2012.09.017.

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7

Bohner, M., and U. Gbureck. "Thermal reactions of brushite cements." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials 84B, no. 2 (2008): 375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.30881.

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8

Grover, Liam M., Sarika Patel, Y. Hu, Uwe Gbureck, and J. E. Barralet. "Modifying Brushite Cement Degradation Using Calcium Alginate Beads." Key Engineering Materials 361-363 (November 2007): 311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.361-363.311.

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The hydrolysis of brushite in calcium phosphate cements to form hydroxyapatite is known to result in the long term stability of the material in the body. It has previously been established that this hydrolysis reaction can be influenced by implant volume, media refreshment rate and media composition. In this study, the effect of macroporosity on the rate of degradation of the material is investigated. Macroporosity was incorporated into the material using calcium alginate beads mixed into the cement paste. The inclusion of the calcium alginate beads did not influence the degree of conversion of the material and allowed the incorporation of porosity at up to maximum of 57%. The macroporosity weakened the cement matrix (from 46.5 to 3.2 MPa). When aged the brushite in the macroporous cement dissolved completely from the matrix resulting in a weight loss of 60wt% in a period of 28 days. This suggests that the controlled incorporation of calcium alginate beads into brushite cements in vivo can be used to control implant degradation rate.

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9

Mahmood, S., W. M. Palin, Uwe Gbureck, O. Addison, and M. P. Hofmann. "Effect of Mechanical Mixing and Powder to Liquid Ratio on the Strength and Reliability of a Brushite Bone Cement." Key Engineering Materials 361-363 (November 2007): 307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.361-363.307.

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The effect of mechanical mixing on compressive strength, relative porosity and reliability of strength data of a brushite forming cement at different powder to liquid ratios (PLRs) was investigated. Mean compressive strengths were measured, associated reliability (Weibull moduli) and survival probability distributions of the data sets were analysed. Relative porosities were determined using helium pycnometry. For low PLR (2.2g/ml), no significant differences in compressive strength were observed for either mechanical or hand mixed samples, although reliability of the former was significantly increased. At high PLR (3.4g/ml), mechanically mixed cements exhibited approximately twice the mean compressive strength compared with hand mixing, although Weibull moduli remained statistically similar. At medium PLR (2.8g/ml) strength and reliability of cements were similar and independent of mixing regime. For all PLRs, a significant decrease in porosity of mechanical- compared with hand-mixed cements was observed. Mechanical mixing of a brushite cement can provide lower porosity, increased reliability and higher strength.

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10

Tamimi, Faleh, Zeeshan Sheikh, and Jake Barralet. "Dicalcium phosphate cements: Brushite and monetite." Acta Biomaterialia 8, no. 2 (February 2012): 474–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2011.08.005.

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11

Geffers, Martha, Jake E. Barralet, Jürgen Groll, and Uwe Gbureck. "Dual-setting brushite–silica gel cements." Acta Biomaterialia 11 (January 2015): 467–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2014.09.036.

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12

Irbe, Zilgma, Linda Vecbiskena, and Liga Berzina-Cimdina. "Setting Properties of Brushite and Hydroxyapatite Compound Cements." Advanced Materials Research 222 (April 2011): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.222.239.

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In this work properties of potential brushite (CaHPO4•2H2O) and hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) compound cements are investigated. Calcium dihydrogenphosphate monohydrate (MCPM) and α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) were the starting materials for investigated cements. Setting time is controlled by adding setting time retarder – citrate ions and initially unreactive filler - monetite (CaHPO4). Some compositions of obtained cements contain both brushite and hydroxyapatite. However a substantial amount of monetite was present even if it is not added as filler. There is a strong evidence of presence of octacalcium phosphate – a precursor phase for hydroxyapatite that lacks long range order.

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13

Giocondi, Jennifer L., Bassem S. El-Dasher, George H. Nancollas, and Christine A. Orme. "Molecular mechanisms of crystallization impacting calcium phosphate cements." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 368, no. 1917 (April 28, 2010): 1937–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0006.

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The biomineral calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (CaHPO 4 ·2H 2 O), known as brushite, is a malleable material that both grows and dissolves faster than most other calcium minerals, including other calcium phosphate phases, calcium carbonates and calcium oxalates. Within the body, this ready formation and dissolution can play a role in certain diseases, such as kidney stone and plaque formation. However, these same properties, along with brushite’s excellent biocompatibility, can be used to great benefit in making resorbable biomedical cements. To optimize cements, additives are commonly used to control crystallization kinetics and phase transformation. This paper describes the use of in situ scanning probe microscopy to investigate the role of several solution parameters and additives in brushite atomic step motion. Surprisingly, this work demonstrates that the activation barrier for phosphate (rather than calcium) incorporation limits growth kinetics and that additives such as magnesium, citrate and bisphosphonates each influence step motion in distinctly different ways. Our findings provide details of how, and where, molecules inhibit or accelerate kinetics. These insights have the potential to aid in designing molecules to target specific steps and to guide synergistic combinations of additives.

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14

Hurle, K., J. M. Oliveira, R. L. Reis, S. Pina, and F. Goetz-Neunhoeffer. "Ion-doped Brushite Cements for Bone Regeneration." Acta Biomaterialia 123 (March 2021): 51–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2021.01.004.

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15

Charrière, E., S. Terrazzoni, C. Pittet, Ph Mordasini, M. Dutoit, J. Lemaı̂tre, and Ph Zysset. "Mechanical characterization of brushite and hydroxyapatite cements." Biomaterials 22, no. 21 (November 2001): 2937–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0142-9612(01)00041-2.

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16

Grover, Liam M., Michael P. Hofmann, Uwe Gbureck, Balamurgan Kumarasami, and Jake E. Barralet. "Frozen delivery of brushite calcium phosphate cements." Acta Biomaterialia 4, no. 6 (November 2008): 1916–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2008.06.003.

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17

Gildenhaar, Renate, Georg Berger, E. Lehmann, and Christine Knabe. "Development of Alkali Containing Calcium Phosphate Cements." Key Engineering Materials 361-363 (November 2007): 331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.361-363.331.

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Commercially available calcium phosphate cements set by precipitation of nanoapatite or brushite. The goal of this study was to elucidate the most suitable conditions for forming cements from calcium potassium sodium phosphate. Furthermore, the behaviour of these cements after immersion in SBF and/or TRIS solution was investigated. Using varying additives resulted in differences in solubility kinetics. The XRD spectra of all investigated cement compositions displayed Ca2KNa(PO4)2 after setting. However, the various cement compositions differed with respect to apatite formation when immersed in TRIS buffer in and/or SBF solution. Therefore, when investigating calcium phosphate cements we consider it necessary to clearly differentiate between the phases which form after completion of the final setting time when these materials set in air, and the phases which form in a time dependant manner after immersion in different biological fluids.

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18

Morilla, Claudia, Elianis Perdomo, Ana Karla Hernández, Ramcy Regalado, Amisel Almirall, Gastón Fuentes, Yaima Campos Mora, Timo Schomann, Alan Chan, and Luis J. Cruz. "Effect of the Addition of Alginate and/or Tetracycline on Brushite Cement Properties." Molecules 26, no. 11 (May 28, 2021): 3272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113272.

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Calcium phosphate cements have the advantage that they can be prepared as a paste that sets in a few minutes and can be easily adapted to the shape of the bone defect, which facilitates its clinical application. In this research, six formulations of brushite (dicalcium phosphate dihydrated) cement were obtained and the effect of the addition of sodium alginate was analyzed, such as its capacity as a tetracycline release system. The samples that contain sodium alginate set in 4 or 5 min and showed a high percentage of injectability (93%). The cements exhibit compression resistance values between 1.6 and 2.6 MPa. The drug was released in a range between 12.6 and 13.2% after 7 days. The antimicrobial activity of all the cements containing antibiotics was proven. All samples reached values of cell viability above 70 percent. We also observed that the addition of the sodium alginate and tetracycline improved the cell viability.

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19

Vahabzadeh, Sahar, Mangal Roy, and Susmita Bose. "Effects of silicon on osteoclast cell mediated degradation, in vivo osteogenesis and vasculogenesis of brushite cement." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 3, no. 46 (2015): 8973–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tb01081k.

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20

Xia, W., M. R. Mohd Razi, P. Ashley, E. A. Abou Neel, M. P. Hofmann, and A. M. Young. "Quantifying effects of interactions between polyacrylic acid and chlorhexidine in dicalcium phosphate – forming cements." J. Mater. Chem. B 2, no. 12 (2014): 1673–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3tb21533d.

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21

Moussa, Hanan, Amir El Hadad, Stylianos Sarrigiannidis, Ahmed Saad, Min Wang, Doaa Taqi, Faez Saleh Al-Hamed, Manuel Salmerón-Sánchez, Marta Cerruti, and Faleh Tamimi. "High toughness resorbable brushite-gypsum fiber-reinforced cements." Materials Science and Engineering: C 127 (August 2021): 112205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2021.112205.

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22

Hurle, K., F. R. Maia, V. P. Ribeiro, S. Pina, J. M. Oliveira, F. Goetz-Neunhoeffer, and R. L. Reis. "Osteogenic lithium-doped brushite cements for bone regeneration." Bioactive Materials 16 (October 2022): 403–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.12.025.

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23

Plokhikh, N. V., Ya Yu Filippov, V. I. Putlyaev, T. V. Safronova, and V. K. Ivanov. "Modifying brushite-containing phosphate cements by complexing additives." Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 58, no. 10 (October 2013): 1152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036023613100173.

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24

Lilley, K. J., U. Gbureck, A. J. Wright, J. C. Knowles, D. F. Farrar, and J. E. Barralet. "Brushite Cements from Polyphosphoric Acid, Calcium Phosphate Systems." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 90, no. 6 (June 2007): 1892–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.01619.x.

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25

Li, Guangda, Nan Zhang, Santuan Zhao, Kaili Zhang, Xiaoyu Li, Aihua Jing, Xinping Liu, and Tian Zhang. "Fe-doped brushite bone cements with antibacterial property." Materials Letters 215 (March 2018): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2017.12.054.

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26

Cama, G., F. Barberis, M. Capurro, L. Di Silvio, and S. Deb. "Tailoring brushite for in situ setting bone cements." Materials Chemistry and Physics 130, no. 3 (November 2011): 1139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.08.047.

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27

Mestres, Gemma, Carlos F. Santos, Lars Engman, Cecilia Persson, and Marjam Karlsson Ott. "Scavenging effect of Trolox released from brushite cements." Acta Biomaterialia 11 (January 2015): 459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2014.09.007.

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28

Cama, G., F. Barberis, R. Botter, P. Cirillo, M. Capurro, R. Quarto, S. Scaglione, E. Finocchio, V. Mussi, and U. Valbusa. "Preparation and properties of macroporous brushite bone cements." Acta Biomaterialia 5, no. 6 (July 2009): 2161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2009.02.012.

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29

Navarro da Rocha, Daniel, Leila Rosa de Oliveira Cruz, Dindo Q. Mijares, Rubens Lincoln Santana Blazutti Marçal, José Brant de Campos, Paulo G. Coelho, and Marcelo Henrique Prado da Silva. "Temperature Influence on the Calcium Phosphate Coatings by Chemical Method." Key Engineering Materials 720 (November 2016): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.720.197.

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The increasing interest in the use of brushite and monetite as resorbable calcium phosphate cements or graft materials is related to the fact of these phases being metastable under physiological environment, with higher solubility than hydroxyapatite phase. In this study, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy with field emission gun (FEG-SEM) analyses were performed in order to assess the temperature influence on the production of calcium phosphate coatings by a chemical deposition method. Titanium substrates were successfully coated with brushite and monetite by a chemical deposition method and a brushite-monetite transformation was assessed with the increasing temperature. Brushite deposition was kinetically favored at low temperatures, whereas monetite was the major phase at higher temperatures.

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30

Altundal, Sahin, Kārlis Agris Gross, Caroline Ohman, and Hakan Engqvist. "Improving the Flexural Strength Test of Brushite Cement." Key Engineering Materials 631 (November 2014): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.631.67.

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In the investigation of mechanical properties, calcium phosphate cements exhibit large sample-to-sample deviation due to its porous nature, possibility of unhomogenous distribution and small specimen size. This situation generates difficulties for obtaining accurate results and creates an obstacle for testing different composition where only a small batch size is available. In this respect, specimen shape, whether being injected, porosity ratio, surface quality, bearing support design have significant matter on variability in terms of three-and four-point bending test. Therefore, different methods have been studied to reduce variability with a simpler material preparation than common methods on injected and moulded cement. The entire comparison is made with the consideration of three-and four-point bending testing, the eccentric loading error calculation with engineering calculation software “Mathcad 15”, porosity measurement with Archimedes method, microstructure investigation on Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), macro-porosity distribution measurement by Micro CT Scanner.

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31

Bohner, Marc. "pH Variations of a Solution after Injecting Brushite Cements." Key Engineering Materials 192-195 (September 2000): 813–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.192-195.813.

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32

Young, Anne M., Poon Yun J. Ng, Uwe Gbureck, Showan N. Nazhat, Jake E. Barralet, and Michael P. Hofmann. "Characterization of chlorhexidine-releasing, fast-setting, brushite bone cements." Acta Biomaterialia 4, no. 4 (July 2008): 1081–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2007.12.009.

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33

de Oliveira Renó, Caroline, Nicholas C. Pereta, Celso A. Bertran, Mariana Motisuke, and Eliandra de Sousa. "Study of in vitro degradation of brushite cements scaffolds." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 25, no. 10 (July 17, 2014): 2297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10856-014-5269-2.

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34

Pittet, C., and J. Lema�tre. "Mechanical characterization of brushite cements: A Mohr circles' approach." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 53, no. 6 (2000): 769–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-4636(2000)53:6<769::aid-jbm19>3.0.co;2-p.

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35

Flautre, B., C. Maynou, J. Lemaitre, P. Van Landuyt, and P. Hardouin. "Bone colonization of ?-TCP granules incorporated in brushite cements." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 63, no. 4 (2002): 413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.10262.

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36

Çetin, Ali Emrah, D. Şimşek, M. Çiftçioğlu, Yelda Akdeniz, Filiz Özmıhçı, and Arzu Aykut Yetkiner. "Investigation of HA Cement Preparation and Properties by Using Central Composite Design." Key Engineering Materials 493-494 (October 2011): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.493-494.381.

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The goal of the present work was to investigate the effects of several cement preparation parameters on setting and hardening reaction mechanisms and hydroxyapatite (HA) cement properties. A central composite experimental design (CCD) was conducted by choosing particle size, solid to liquid ratio, pH, seed concentration and buffer concentration as design parameters along with compressive strength and setting time being the responses. Tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) powders were prepared by heat treatment of calcium and phosphate source mixtures in the 1200-1400°C temperature range followed by quenching to room temperature in a dessicator. The second phase used in the formulations (brushite) was prepared by aqueous chemical methods. A series of HA pastes/cements were prepared by changing the above mentioned design parameters. Cements were characterized by a standardized setting time test, mechanical testing machine, SEM and XRD. HA cements with the desired properties can be formulated by using CCD in which the responses were expressed by a second order polynomial equation of the parameters. Compressive strengths for the majority of HA cements were determined to be in the 100-160 MPa range which is significantly higher than those reported in the literature.

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37

Torres, P. M. C., A. Marote, A. R. Cerqueira, A. J. Calado, J. C. C. Abrantes, S. Olhero, O. A. B. da Cruz e Silva, S. I. Vieira, and J. M. F. Ferreira. "Injectable MnSr-doped brushite bone cements with improved biological performance." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 5, no. 15 (2017): 2775–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tb03119f.

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Combining Mn and Sr co-doping β-TCP powder with sucrose addition in the setting liquid enhances injectability, mechanical and biological performance of brushite-forming cements, renders them promising for minimally invasive surgery applications.

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38

Khashaba, Rania M., Mervet Moussa, Christopher Koch, Arthur R. Jurgensen, David M. Missimer, Ronny L. Rutherford, Norman B. Chutkan, and James L. Borke. "Preparation, Physical-Chemical Characterization, and Cytocompatibility of Polymeric Calcium Phosphate Cements." International Journal of Biomaterials 2011 (2011): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/467641.

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Aim. Physicochemical mechanical andin vitrobiological properties of novel formulations of polymeric calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) were investigated.Methods. Monocalcium phosphate, calcium oxide, and synthetic hydroxyapatite were combined with either modified polyacrylic acid, light activated polyalkenoic acid, or polymethyl vinyl ether maleic acid to obtain Types I, II, and III CPCs. Setting time, compressive and diametral strength of CPCs was compared with zinc polycarboxylate cement (control). Specimens were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy.In vitrocytotoxicity of CPCs and control was assessed.Results. X-ray diffraction analysis showed hydroxyapatite, monetite, and brushite. Acid-base reaction was confirmed by the appearance of stretching peaks in IR spectra of set cements. SEM revealed rod-like crystals and platy crystals. Setting time of cements was 5–12 min. Type III showed significantly higher strength values compared to control. Type III yielded high biocompatibility.Conclusions. Type III CPCs show promise for dental applications.

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Grover, Liam M., Uwe Gbureck, David Farrar, and J. E. Barralet. "Adhesion of a Novel Calcium Phosphate Cement to Cortical Bone and Several Common Biomaterials." Key Engineering Materials 309-311 (May 2006): 849–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.309-311.849.

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In this study, we have shown that by incorporating pyrophosphoric acid into a brushite cement system, it is possible to produce a cement that exhibits adhesive tensile strengths with cortical bone, alumina, sintered hydroxyapatite and 316L stainless steel of 700 kPa. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a calcium phosphate cement formulation that exhibits such adhesive properties without the addition of an organic additive. The production of a bond between medical prostheses and bone may further widen the field of application of calcium phosphate cements, additionally the adhesive nature of the calcium phosphate cement may be a desirable ‘handling characteristic’ during reconstructive surgery.

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Uskoković, Vuk, and Julietta V. Rau. "Nonlinear oscillatory dynamics of the hardening of calcium phosphate bone cements." RSC Advances 7, no. 64 (2017): 40517–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra07395j.

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Nonlinear, oscillatory dynamics was discovered in the evolution of phase composition during the setting of different calcium phosphate cements, two of which evolved toward brushite and one toward hydroxyapatite as the final product.

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Kim, Ji Hwan, Doug Youn Lee, and Sang Bae Lee. "Novel Antibacterial Calcium Phosphate Cement." Key Engineering Materials 330-332 (February 2007): 791–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.330-332.791.

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The antibacterial brushite-forming calcium phospahte cements (CPC) were prepared using an equimolar mixture of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM) with chlorine dioxide (ClO2) generating powders (sodium chlorite and mixed acid activator). The effect of ClO2 on cement setting time, compressive strength, and antibacterial property of novel antibacterial CPC was investigated. The use of 0.3M citric acid solutions as liquid phase enabled final setting times of 5~10 min. The setting time of antibacterial cement systems was prolonged with increasing the amount of antibiotic used. Dry compressive strength was found to be in the range between 9~15 MPa and increased with addition of ClO2 generating powders. Wet compressive strength was slightly decreased compared to dry compressive strength after immersion of cement samples in water for 24 h. The antimicrobial potency of the different cement formulations was investigated using the agar diffusion method. The acidic brushite cement itself showed the inhibitory effect for Streptococcus mutans. The inhibition zone was increased with the amount of ClO2 generating powders. These results indicate that our novel antibacterial CPC have the great potential to avoid the development of infections for preventive antibiotic therapy.

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Loukopoulou, C., J. Vorstius, and J. Paxton. "COMPARISON OF BONE ANCHOR MATERIALS IN AN ANATOMICALLY RELEVANT IN VITRO MODEL OF THE BONE-TENDON INTERFACE." Orthopaedic Proceedings 105-B, SUPP_7 (April 4, 2023): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1358-992x.2023.7.083.

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To ensure clinical relevance, the in vitro engineering of tissues for implantation requires artificial replacements to possess properties similar to native anatomy. Our overarching study is focussed on developing a bespoke bone-tendon in vitro model replicating the anatomy at the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendon insertion site at the distal phalanx. Anatomical morphometric analysis has guided FDP tendon model design consisting of hard and soft tissue types. Here, we investigate potential materials for creation of the model's bone portion by comparison of two bone cements; brushite and genex (Biocomposites Ltd).3D printed molds were prepared based on anatomical morphometric analysis of the FDP tendon insertion site and used to cast identical bone blocks from brushite and genex cements. Studies assessing the suitability of each cement type were conducted e.g. setting times, pH on submersion in culture medium and interaction with fibrin gels. Data was collected using qualitative imaging and qualitative measurements (N=3,n=6) for experimental conditions.Both brushite (BC) and genex (GC) cements could be cast into bespoke molds, producing individual blocks and were mixed/handled with appropriate setting times. On initial submersion in culture medium, BC caused a reduction in pH values (7.49 [control]) to 6.85) while GC remained stable (7.59). Reduction in pH value also affected fibrin gel interaction where gel was seen to be detaching/not forming around BC and medium discolouration was noted. This was not observed in GC. While GC outperformed BC in initial tests, repeated washing of BC led to pH stabilisation (7.5,3xwashes), consistent with their further use in this model.This study has compared BC and GC as materials for bone block production. Both materials show promise, and current work assessing material properties and cell proliferation are needed to inform our choice for use in our FDP-tendon-bone interface model.This research was supported by an ORUK Studentship award (ref:533). Genex was kindly provided by Biocomposites, Ltd.

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Silva, L. P., M. D. P. Ribeiro, E. S. Trichês, and M. Motisuke. "Brushite cement containing gelatin: evaluation of mechanical strength and in vitro degradation." Cerâmica 65, no. 374 (June 2019): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132019653742585.

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Abstract Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are potential materials for repairing bone defects, mainly due to their excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. Nevertheless, their low mechanical properties limit their usage in clinical applications. The gelatin addition may improve the mechanical and biological properties of CPCs, but their solubility in water may increase the porosity of the cement during degradation. Thus, the aim of this work was to investigate the influence of gelatin on the setting time, compressive strength and degradation rate of a brushite cement. CPCs were prepared with the addition of 0, 5, 10 and 20 wt% of gelatin powder in the solid phase of the cement. The results indicated that the setting time increased with gelatin. Furthermore, cement with 20 wt% of gelatin had an initial compressive strength of 14.1±1.8 MPa while cement without gelatin had 4.5±1.2 MPa. The weight loss, morphology and compressive strength were evaluated after degradation in Ringer’s solution. According to the weight loss data, gelatin was eliminated of samples during degradation. It was concluded that the presence of gelatin improved CPCs mechanical properties; however, as degradation in Ringer’s solution evolved, cement compressive strength decreased due to gelatin dissolution and, consequently, an increase in sample porosity.

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Kim, Hyun Woo, Kyung Nahn Park, and Kyung Sik Oh. "Injection Behavior of Brushite Bone Cement Prepared with Granulated β-Tricalcium Phosphate." Key Engineering Materials 758 (November 2017): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.758.47.

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The injection behavior of β-tricalcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2: β-TCP) based cement was improved through the granulation of β-TCP. Dense β-TCP granules were obtained by heat treatment after spray drying. The fraction of injected paste under loaded mass in the syringe was measured while varying the granular fraction of β-TCP and the heat treatment temperature. The increase in granular fraction and heating treatment temperature reduced the amount of setting agent required to wet the granules. As the surplus setting agent could be used in the powdery β-TCP to reduce the viscosity, improved injectability was achieved. Inappropriate setting by the excessive setting agent was not observed and the cements tested exhibited normal setting behavior by forming a brushite phase.

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Cabrejos-Azama, Jatsue, Mohammad Hamdan Alkhraisat, Carmen Rueda, Jesús Torres, Luis Blanco, and Enrique López-Cabarcos. "Magnesium substitution in brushite cements for enhanced bone tissue regeneration." Materials Science and Engineering: C 43 (October 2014): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2014.06.036.

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Tamimi, Faleh, Jesus Torres, Enrique Lopez-Cabarcos, David C. Bassett, Pamela Habibovic, Elena Luceron, and Jake E. Barralet. "Minimally invasive maxillofacial vertical bone augmentation using brushite based cements." Biomaterials 30, no. 2 (January 2009): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.09.032.

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Engstrand, Johanna, Cecilia Persson, and Håkan Engqvist. "The effect of composition on mechanical properties of brushite cements." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 29 (January 2014): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.08.024.

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Nasrollahi, Negar, Azar Nourian Dehkordi, Abbas Jamshidizad, and Mohammad Chehelgerdi. "Preparation of brushite cements with improved properties by adding graphene oxide." International Journal of Nanomedicine Volume 14 (May 2019): 3785–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s196666.

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Nasrollahi, Negar, Azar Nourian Dehkordi, Abbas Jamshidizad, and Mohammad Chehelgerdi. "Preparation of Brushite Cements with Improved Properties by Adding Graphene Oxide [Corrigendum]." International Journal of Nanomedicine Volume 15 (May 2020): 3121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s259025.

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Pina, Sandra, and José M. F. Ferreira. "Brushite-Forming Mg-, Zn- and Sr-Substituted Bone Cements for Clinical Applications." Materials 3, no. 1 (January 18, 2010): 519–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma3010519.

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