Journal articles on the topic 'Brownfields – Government policy – Ontario'
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1
De Sousa, Christopher. "Trying to Smart-In-Up and Cleanup Our Act by Linking Regional Growth Planning, Brownfields Remediation, and Urban Infill in Southern Ontario Cities." Urban Planning 2, no. 3 (August 24, 2017): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v2i3.1026.
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The reuse of brownfields as locations for urban intensification has become a core strategy in government sustainability efforts aimed at remediating pollution, curbing sprawl and prioritizing renewal, regeneration, and retrofitting. In Ontario, Canada’s most populous, industrialized, and brownfield-laden province, a suite of progressive policies and programs have been introduced to not only facilitate the assessment and remediation of the brownfields supply, but to also steer development demand away from peripheral greenfields and towards urban brownfields in a manner that considers a wider regional perspective. This article examines the character and extent of brownfields infill development that has taken place in three Ontario cities (Toronto, Waterloo, and Kingston) since the provincial policy shift in the early 2000s. Using property assessment data and cleanup records, the research finds that redevelopment activity has been extensive in both scale and character, particularly in Toronto where the real estate market has been strong. While the results are promising in terms of government efforts to promote smarter growth that builds “in and up” instead of out, they also reveal that government could be doing more to facilitate redevelopment and influence its sustainability character, particularly in weaker markets.
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Gebremariam, Mikiale Gebreslase, Yuming Zhu, Naveed Ahmad, and Dawit Nega Bekele. "Influencing sustainability by controlling future brownfields in Africa: a case study of Ethiopia." World Journal of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development 16, no. 3 (July 8, 2019): 102–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjstsd-04-2018-0031.
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Purpose The increasing African population and economic growth leading to urbanisation continues to increase the need to redevelop brownfields as a strategy of encouraging sustainable development of cities, in particular in Ethiopia. However, the adoption of brownfield redevelopment in Ethiopia is at initial stage. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to highlight the framework based on grey-incidence decision-making approach to manage brownfields in African countries by taking Ethiopia as case example. The grey-incidence decision-making model integrates multiple factors such as economic, social, environmental, technical and associated risks and provides an effective decision-making and management tool for environmental practitioners and government agencies. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaires were used to collect data on terms and definitions of brownfield. The questions were prepared on the basis of currently used definitions developed by a number of developed countries. Moreover, this study utilises a grey-incidence decision-making approach to help in management and decision-making for the implementation of brownfield redevelopment projects (BRPs) in the remediated sites. Findings Standard definition of brownfield and essential guidelines for brownfield redevelopment is proposed for Ethiopian context. The research findings were tested and verified using literature data and survey from major stakeholders. In addition, the grey-incidence decision-making approach is applied for the evaluation of BRPs in the remediated sites. A framework is proposed to control future brownfields for African countries by taking Ethiopia as a case example. Originality/value This research stresses the significance of an urban structure to address sustainable development, and the need to consider redevelopment of brownfields and identify the potential for a specific government policy framework. This research provides the best opportunity for Ethiopia by devising an urban land policy and create a strategy to contribute social, economic, financial and environmental benefits. It also provides a foundation to solve environmental issues by involving all major stakeholders, including community citizens, environmentalists and government agencies, and it also serves as guidelines to transform brownfields into Greenfields; and finally, it contributes to achieve the 2030 UN global goals.
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Malloy, Jonathan. "Double Identities: Aboriginal Policy Agencies in Ontario and British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Political Science 34, no. 1 (March 2001): 131–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423901777840.
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This article argues that provincial government units for Aboriginal affairs in Ontario and British Columbia have ''double identities'' stemming from contradictory mandates anchored in two different policy communities. Aboriginal policy agencies act as Crown negotiators with Aboriginal nations over land claims and self-government, but are also responsible for co-ordinating government policies affecting Aboriginals. Consequently, they interact with two different policy communities. One involves economic and resource ministries, which engage in a pressure pluralist relationship with Aboriginal groups. The second involves social policy ministries who engage in more clientele pluralist relationships with Aboriginals. Consequently, Aboriginal policy agencies display different identities and play different and sometimes contradictory roles. These ''double identities'' illustrate the complexity and contradictions of provincial-Aboriginal relations in Canada.
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Turk*, James L. "Universities, the Charter, Doug Ford, and Campus Free Speech." Constitutional Forum / Forum constitutionnel 29, no. 2 (April 3, 2020): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21991/cf29398.
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On a warm summer day at the end of August 2018, Ontario Premier Doug Ford’s office issued a press release announcing, “Ontario’s Government for the People is delivering on its promise to uphold free speech on every Ontario publicly-funded university and college campus.”1 An accompanying “Backgrounder” spelled out the details.2 Although this policy seems progressive on its face, it is actually anything but. That said, it may have the unintended but beneficial effect of bringing Ontario universities under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.3 More about that later. First, the problems.
* Distinguished Visiting Scholar and Director, Centre for Free Expression. Faculty of Communications & Design, Ryerson University.1 Office of the Premier, News Release: “Ontario Protects Free Speech on Campuses: Mandates Universities and Colleges to Introduce Free Speech Policy by January 1, 2019” (30 August 2018), online: Government of Ontario <news.ontario.ca/opo/en/2018/08/ontario-protects-free-speech-on-campuses.html> [Office of the Premier, “Ontario Protects”].2 See Office of the Premier, Backgrounder “Upholding Free Speech on Ontario’s University and College Campuses” (30 August 2018), online: Government of Ontario <news.ontario.ca/opo/en/2018/08/upholdingfree-speech-on-ontarios-university-and-college-campuses.html> [Office of the Premier, “Upholding Free Speech”].
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Jones, Glen A. "Ontario Higher Education Reform, 1995-2003: From Modest Modifications to Policy Reform." Canadian Journal of Higher Education 34, no. 3 (December 31, 2004): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v34i3.183466.
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Ontario higher education system has moved far and fast in the past decade. The early 1990s saw "modest modifications and structural stability." Since 1995, under a neo-liberal government in Ontario, major policy initiatives, with objectives not unlike those already at large in western Europe and most of the United States, have quickly followed one another. The author proposes an explanation of the timing and dynamics of the Ontario reforms, describing the driving forces behind reform.
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Vayda, Eugene, A. Paul Williams, H. Michael Stevenson, Karin Domnick Pierre, Mike Burke, and Janet Barnsley. "Characteristics of Established Group Practices in Ontario." Healthcare Management Forum 2, no. 4 (December 1989): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0840-4704(10)61407-x.
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Established group practices in Ontario were surveyed to determine their structure, characteristics and attitudes toward government assistance in the development of group practice. The degree of organization of the groups surveyed was related to size and less than that reported in surveys of United States group practices. Group size and years of operation were strongly associated. Night, weekend and vacation coverage, the use of a unit patient record and the employment of non-physician administrators were reported frequently, and were more common in older and larger groups. As well, fringe benefits, except for professional organization dues, were not commonly provided.
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Whittingham, Nathaniel. "How wind turbines are not generating green energy: An economic review of the Ontario Green Energy and Green Economy Act." SURG Journal 7, no. 2 (June 16, 2014): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/surg.v7i2.2894.
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The Ontario Government passed the Ontario Green Energy and Green Economy Act in 2009. The Act promoted wind turbines and solar panels as a major component of the energy supply for the Province of Ontario as a replacement for coal-fired electricity generation plants. This article provides an economic assessment of the rationales that were offered for this policy, specifically, that the Act would help the Government of Ontario reduce the province’s reliance on fossil fuels, reduce carbon emissions, and stimulate the economy through the creation of jobs. The effects of the policy on the cost of electricity in the province are also considered. The analysis concludes that the Act will not reduce the Province of Ontario’s reliance on fossil fuels due to the inefficiency and unpredictability of wind turbines, ultimately leading to the need to use energy from more readily available sources of electricity such as gas. The need for fossil fuel backup also limits the potential to reduce the green house gas emissions.
Keywords: Ontario Green Energy and Green Economy Act (2009); renewable energy; economic review
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Mascher, Peter. "(Invited) Nano Ontario - A Model for Regional Cooperation in Nanotechnology." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 7 (July 7, 2022): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-017619mtgabs.
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Nano Ontario is a not-for-profit corporation representing the interests of academic, industrial, government and financial community members in the development of nanotechnologies in Ontario, Canada. Members work together to raise the profile, increase the research, build the investment and drive economic returns from nanotechnology in the province and across Canada. In this presentation I will discuss how this multi-sector cooperation serves to achieve the following main objectives: Be a trusted source of information for all nanoscience and nanotechnology activity in Ontario; Advise government organizations on economic opportunity, policy, standards & regulations that nanotechnology can offer, to enable Ontario to benefit and capitalize from its nano research, development, and commercial capacity; Map Ontario’s capacity in nanotechnology research, development, and commercialization; Serve as the main point of contact for Ontario’s community of practice in nanoscience & nanotechnology; Build and facilitate new connections between nanotechnology groups in universities, government organizations and industries within Ontario, across Canada, and internationally; and Coordinate public outreach activities to advocate the societal benefits enabled by nanoscience and nanotechnology.
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McClean, AJ. "Case note.McMichael v. Ontario - one man's obsession." International Journal of Cultural Property 7, no. 2 (January 1998): 496–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739198770481.
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The 'Group of Seven' has a significant, though not totally uncontroversial, place in Canadian art. Robert McMichael's 'obsession' with the group led to the establishment of the McMichael Collection and then to an agreement between Mr. McMichael and his wife and the government of Ontario concerning the collection. The subsequent litigation as to whether the government had failed to comply with provisions in the agreement on the administration of the collection and on the policy to be followed in adding works to it did not entirely resolve these issues but highlighted a matter of importance to donors of works of art and the bodies to which donations are made: how far may donors ensure compliance with the terms on which they make donations?
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Díaz, Victoria E. "Accountability Agreements for Ontario Universities: The Balancing Character of a Policy Instrument." Revue Gouvernance 13, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 50–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1038832ar.
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This paper demonstrates how the choice of instrument facilitates acceptance of a new accountability requirement in the Ontario university sector as it helps balance the government’s need for control with the universities’ need for independence. The instrument, conceptualized as an agreement, embodies the negotiated character of the relationship between government and universities, and conveys the idea to different actors that their needs are met. Despite the promises of the instrument, when objectives are ambiguous, uncertainty is pervasive, and negotiation is limited, the increase in government control is minimized and the changes in university autonomy are negligible, thus suggesting that symbolic and rhetorical compliance may be the sustainable equilibrium between governments and governed. Nonetheless, some level of transformation is observed in the sector as the new tool contributes to strengthening priority alignment, highlighting the value of sharing stories, and increasing acceptance of reporting requirements.
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Baumann, Andrea, Mabel Hunsberger, Mary Crea-Arsenio, Noori Akhtar-Danesh, and Mohamad Alameddine. "A government policy on full-time nursing employment in Ontario, Canada: An evaluation." Health Policy 122, no. 2 (February 2018): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2017.07.001.
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Deber, Raisa B., and A. Paul Williams. "Policy, Payment, and Participation: Long-Term Care Reform in Ontario." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 14, no. 2 (1995): 294–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980800011855.
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ABSTRACTAlthough Canadian Medicare gives the population “reasonable” access” to all “medically necessary” physician and hospital services, long-term care is not formally subject to those conditions. In Ontario, long-term care involves a “patchwork quilt” of government, charitable, for-profit, and personally-provided services; an ongoing consultation has been under way in an attempt to rationalize service financing and provision. This paper reviews the series of policy proposals and the accompanying public consultation processes. It concludes that the emphasis on “community involvement” without a clear definition of “community” or the goals of participation has paradoxically increased the “scope of conflict,” increased frustration among stakeholders, and made policy action more difficult.
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Janse van Rensburg, Margaret G. "Representations of Autism in Ontario Newsroom: A Critical Content Analysis of Online Government Press Releases, Media Advisories, and Bulletins." Studies in Social Justice 16, no. 2 (March 11, 2022): 407–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v16i2.2664.
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In Ontario, Canada, autism has become widely politicized. In the last 20 years, instances of personal and organizational advocacy developed into wider-scale policy and programs. Government press releases indicate Ontario’s developing response to autism as a social policy issue, while reflecting societal perceptions and priorities surrounding autism. Informed by Critical Disability Studies and Critical Autism Studies, this article uses a content analysis to explore the manifest and latent priorities of Ontario’s provincial government displayed in press releases between 2001-2019 accessed through the Ontario Newsroom, an online repository of press releases and media advisories that features different initiatives published by the government of Ontario. Press releases were selected based on the search term “autism” and analyzed in two steps. First, this article presents the most frequently used words in press release headlines. Second, key themes within press releases are explored. Press releases emphasize the stories of non-autistic people, altruists, positivists, treatment-seekers, autistic children, and normative families. What is left out is a social representation of autism. Prominent themes display ableist perceptions of autism, reproducing power imbalances and inequity based on disability and family status. These findings reveal government objectives and priorities, reflecting broader societal perceptions of autism.
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Haydt, Susan Marie. "Politics and Professions: Interdisciplinary Team Models and Their Implications for Health Equity in Ontario." International Journal of Health Services 48, no. 2 (July 9, 2017): 302–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020731417717384.
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Ontario’s efforts to reform primary care through interdisciplinary primary care teams are unprecedented in Canada. Since 2004, the provincial government has focused its reform efforts on three models: Family Health Teams (FHTs), Community Health Centres (CHCs), and Nurse Practitioner-led Clinics (NPLCs). These models vary by team structure, funding, and governance. I examine the strong preference for the FHT model by the government and medical profession, and the implications of this preference on health equity. The opportunity for teams to increase health equity in Ontario may be limited due to the preference for physician-centered FHTs over more egalitarian team models.
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Ostridge, Lindsay, and Christopher D. O'Connor. "Reporting Unwanted Sexual Behaviour at a Post-Secondary Institution: Student Understandings of Campus Policy." Canadian Journal of Family and Youth / Le Journal Canadien de Famille et de la Jeunesse 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 225–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cjfy29499.
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The Ontario government recently mandated all universities and colleges in Ontario, Canada to create a sexual violence policy that involves student input. Using a small commuter university in southwestern Ontario as a case study, this article examined student perceptions of an existing university sexual violence policy. More specifically, we conducted online qualitative research with seventeen students using an open-ended inductive, exploratory instrument. We asked students to read and define aspects of their university’s sexual violence policy in their own words. The objective of this research was to examine if students adequately comprehended the language of the policy, how to report, who to report to, feel safe reporting, and whether or not they find the reporting process supportive of their needs. Also discussed are student recommendations for what they would like to see in university sexual violence policies.
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Lyons, Joseph. "Local Government Structure and the Co-ordination of Economic Development Policy." Canadian Journal of Political Science 48, no. 1 (March 2015): 173–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423915000220.
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AbstractThis paper explores how local government structure affects policy co-ordination. It compares the delivery of economic development services in two Ontario cities. In London, a specialized agency is the lead, but lacks full functional control, while in Hamilton policy control is consolidated in a single municipal department. The findings support the hypothesis of those who argue in favour of general-purpose governments, as the municipal hierarchy in Hamilton was instrumental in achieving policy co-ordination. Proponents of specialization argue that it limits the need for co-ordination between governments but, as the London case demonstrates, this logic breaks down when there are too many players with too few responsibilities.
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Robertson, Lorayne, Bill Muirhead, and Heather Leatham. "Reconsidering the Mandatory in Ontario Online Learning Policies." Open/Technology in Education, Society, and Scholarship Association Journal 1, no. 2 (December 21, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/otessaj.2021.1.2.12.
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In March 2019, the Ontario government announced that commencing in 2023-24, secondary school students (Grades 9-12) would be required to gain four of 30 graduation credits through online courses. At the time of the policy pronouncement, these four credits (or courses) would become the first mandatory online courses in Canadian K-12 education. The policy decision and process were challenged publicly, and the educational context changed quickly with the ensuing contingencies of the global pandemic. The policy was subsequently revised and, at present, Ontario requires two mandatory online secondary school credits for graduation, which is twice the requirement of any other North American jurisdiction. In this study, the researchers employ a critical policy analysis framework to examine the concept of mandatory online learning in Ontario through multiple temporal contexts. First, they examine Ontario’s mandatory online learning policy prior to the shutdown of Ontario schools during the 2020-2021 global pandemic. Next, they examine aspects of Ontario’s mandatory online learning policy in K-12 during the emergency remote learning phase of the pandemic. In the final section, the authors provide a retrospective analysis of the decisions around mandatory e-learning policy and explore policy options going forward for mandatory e-learning in the K-12 sector post-pandemic.
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Williams, Robert J. "“If you build it …” Business, Government and Ontario's Electronic Toll Highway." Canadian Journal of Political Science 39, no. 1 (March 2006): 185–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423906239994.
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“If you build it …” Business, Government and Ontario's Electronic Toll Highway, Chandran Mylvaganam and Sandford Borins, Toronto: University of Toronto Centre for Public Management, 2004, pp. ix, 164.This monograph analyzes an extraordinary tale of public policy making in Ontario: the construction and management of an innovative toll highway now known as the 407/ETR (Express Toll Route).
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Honzawa, Ayako, and Masato Dohi. "The policy linkage of the municipal and provincial government brought by the Food Policy Council in Toronto, Ontario." Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 53, no. 3 (October 25, 2018): 372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.53.372.
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Kulisek, Larry, and Trevor Price. "Ontario Municipal Policy Affecting Local Autonomy: A Case Study Involving Windsor and Toronto." Articles 16, no. 3 (August 7, 2013): 255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1017734ar.
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During the first great burst of urban growth in Canada from the beginning of the 20th century and on into the 1920s it was generally the municipalities, either singly or collectively, which fostered policy innovation and new services. Provinces generally did little at that time, either to foster new policies or rein in local autonomy. It was only after the economic setbacks of the depression and a renewed spirit of urban development after 1945 that provincial direction over municipalities became much more significant. This paper is a case study of two major policy crises which threatened the viability of the whole municipal system in Ontario. In the 1930s the Border Cities (Metropolitan Windsor) faced bankruptcy and economic collapse and placed in jeopardy the credit of the province. In the early 1950s the inability of Metropolitan Toronto to create area-wide solutions to severe servicing problems threatened to stall the main engine of provincial growth. The case study demonstrates how a reluctant provincial government intervened to create new metropolitan arrangements for the two areas and accompanied this with a greatly expanded structure of provincial oversight including a strengthened Ontario Municipal Board and a specific department to handle municipal affairs. The objective of the policy was to bolster local government rather than to narrow municipal autonomy.
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Cheng, Siu Mee. "Study of the Local Health Integration Network: impact of Ontario’s Regionalization Policy." Journal of Integrated Care 26, no. 4 (October 15, 2018): 277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jica-02-2018-0009.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to undertake an examination of the Local Health Integration Network (LHIN) Health Policy proposal. This policy established a decentralized approach to health system management in the province of Ontario, Canada by creating 14 crown agencies, LHINs. Design/methodology/approach This policy is examined against the five policy stages of the Stages Model: agenda setting, formulation, legitimation, implementation and evaluation. The examination was based on a review of grey literature, including key government reports and briefs. Findings This policy did not follow the Stages Model sequentially: the policy was implemented while it was still undergoing its legitimacy phase. Formal reviews were undertaken following implementation and found areas for improvement: poor integration amongst all the LHINs; poor patient navigation persists; LHINs lack the capacity and competency to engage in regional capacity planning; and planning and integration is not centered around patient needs. As a result, a decade after the introduction of LHINs, the Ontario HealthCare System has not achieved systems improvement when measured against accepted government indicators of performance. Originality/value This integration policy highlights the context and evolution of Ontario’s healthcare system governance in the past decade and contributes to the body of knowledge on the impact of regionalization on health systems and patient care.
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Chapados, Sydney. "Disrupting Notions of 'Choice': Missteps in Ontario’s COVID-19 Back-to-School Plan." Canadian Journal of Children's Rights / Revue canadienne des droits des enfants 8, no. 1 (November 10, 2021): 94–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.22215/cjcr.v8i1.3147.
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When schools shut down in Ontario during the COVID-19 Pandemic, many voices chimed in to discuss where children should be. However, children’s voices were largely missing from these discussions by virtue of being excluded by those in charge. Under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989), children are granted the right to express themselves, have that expression be taken seriously, and to be given information on matters that concern them. By conducting an analysis of the Ontario Government’s Back-to-School Plan and announcements, I argue that the developmental and economic framing of the decision to return to school denied children their expression rights guaranteed under the UN-CRC. The Ontario Government missed a vital opportunity to value children as full human beings with integral experiences. I conclude by arguing that it is imperative that the Government commits to using a rights-respecting approach to all policy and programming with potential to impact children or childhood.
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Smith, P. G. R., V. Glooschenko, and D. A. Hagen. "Coastal Wetlands of Three Canadian Great Lakes: Inventory, Current Conservation Initiatives, and Patterns of Variation." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 48, no. 8 (August 1, 1991): 1581–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f91-187.
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The decline of wetlands, including those in the Great Lakes coastal zone, prompted the Government of Ontario to initiate steps towards a wetland management policy in 1981. Wetland inventory and evaluation in southern Ontario began in 1983. To date, 1982 wetlands have been evaluated totalling 390 000 ha. These include 160 coastal wetlands, 64 of these on Lake Ontario and the remainder on the other Great Lakes and connecting channels. Current wetland conservation initiatives are outlined including the Wetlands Planning Policy Statement and Conservation Lands Act. Although the values of Ontario's coastal wetland areas are increasingly being recognized, there has been no comprehensive study to show patterns in coastal wetland ecology. Aided by analysis of variance, ordination, and cluster analysis, we show patterns of variation in wetland and site types, soils, dissolved solids, vegetation complexity, and rare flora and fauna which differ between wetlands along Lakes Ontario, Huron, Erie, St. Clair, and connecting channels. Wetlands of Lake Huron reflect a more northern species composition, less organic soil, and more swamp and fen habitat. Along Lakes Erie, Ontario, and St. Clair the predominant marshes have smaller swamp components, organic soils, and considerable dissolved solids.
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Lougheed, M. Diane, Janice Minard, Shari Dworkin, Mary-Ann Juurlink, Walley J. Temple, Teresa To, Marc Koehn, Anne Van Dam, and Louis-Philippe Boulet. "Pan-Canadian Respiratory Standards Initiative for Electronic Health Records (PRESTINE): 2011 National Forum Proceedings." Canadian Respiratory Journal 19, no. 2 (2012): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/870357.
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In a novel knowledge translation initiative, the Government of Ontario’s Asthma Plan of Action funded the development of an Asthma Care Map to enable adherence with the Canadian Asthma Consensus Guidelines developed under the auspices of the Canadian Thoracic Society (CTS). Following its successful evaluation within the Primary Care Asthma Pilot Project, respiratory clinicians from the Asthma Research Unit, Queen’s University (Kingston, Ontario) are leading an initiative to incorporate standardized Asthma Care Map data elements into electronic health records in primary care in Ontario. Acknowledging that the issue of data standards affects all respiratory conditions, and all provinces and territories, the Government of Ontario approached the CTS Respiratory Guidelines Committee. At its meeting in September 2010, the CTS Respiratory Guidelines Committee agreed that developing and standardizing respiratory data elements for electronic health records are strategically important. In follow-up to that commitment, representatives from the CTS, the Lung Association, the Government of Ontario, the National Lung Health Framework and Canada Health Infoway came together to form a planning committee. The planning committee proposed a phased approach to inform stakeholders about the issue, and engage them in the development, implementation and evaluation of a standardized dataset. An environmental scan was completed in July 2011, which identified data definitions and standards currently available for clinical variables that are likely to be included in electronic medical records in primary care for diagnosis, management and patient education related to asthma and COPD. The scan, sponsored by the Government of Ontario, includes compliance with clinical nomenclatures such as SNOMED-CT®and LOINC®. To help launch and create momentum for this initiative, a national forum was convened on October 2 and 3, 2011, in Toronto, Ontario. The forum was designed to bring together key stakeholders across the spectrum of respiratory care, including clinicians, researchers, health informaticists and administrators to explore and recommend a potential scope, approach and governance structure for this important project. The Pan-Canadian REspiratory STandards INitiative for Electronic Health Records (PRESTINE) goal is to recommend respiratory data elements and standards for use in electronic medical records across Canada that meet the needs of providers, administrators, researchers and policy makers to facilitate evidence-based clinical care, monitoring, surveillance, benchmarking and policy development. The focus initially is expected to include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary function standards elements that are applicable to many respiratory conditions. The present article summarizes the process and findings of the forum deliberations.
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Davis, D. E. "Entrepreneurial Education: A Systematic Review of Undergraduate University Entrepreneurial Studies in Ontario, Canada." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 5, no. 1 (May 19, 2017): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v5i1.p477-477.
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Entrepreneurial education (EE), globally, has been a rapidly growing field of study. In Ontario, Canada, we have experienced both a growth and a maturation of undergraduate entrepreneurship education. This systematic review of undergraduate entrepreneurial education (EE) in Ontario will provide a mapping of this field of study. This review will be conducted through a two-stage process. Research indicates that the quality of entrepreneurial activity is important in the economic vitality of communities, regions and countries (Florida, 2002). In Canada and Ontario, government policy trends support providing entrepreneurial education, as well as supporting entrepreneurs, especially youth entrepreneurs. The result of this reviewing process reveals the breadth of entrepreneurial education, as well as the various tangents of related studies.
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Labonte, Ronald. "Healthy Public Policy in Canada: A Survey of Ontario Health Professionals." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 9, no. 4 (January 1989): 321–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/efw1-bp4v-hvx1-mn37.
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“Healthy public policy” has become a catchphrase of the “new” health promotion. The concept, however, remains vague and lacking in practice. A survey of Ontario public health workers was conducted in June 1988, using the World Health Organization's Second Health Promotion Conference Declaration on Healthy Public Policy as a source of policy statements and action areas. Results are constrained by a low response rate (22.5%, N = 180), but indicate a high degree of support for healthy public policy concepts by senior level public health workers. Social environment policy issues (notably child poverty and unaffordable housing) are highest ranked priority issues, although physical environment (pollution) ranked most important when respondents were asked to choose a single issue. Lifestyle health issues are relatively low-ranked, although they remain priorities for action by respondents and their employers. The Canadian and Ontario Public Health Associations are thought to have the best analyses of healthy public policies, but are not seen as prominent policy actors. Government and media are considered weakest in their analysis of healthy public policy. Respondents' comments indicate a willingness to strengthen their role, and that of their health associations, in advocacy for healthy public policies.
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MULVALE, GILLIAN, JULIA ABELSON, and PAULA GOERING. "Mental health service delivery in Ontario, Canada: how do policy legacies shape prospects for reform?" Health Economics, Policy and Law 2, no. 4 (October 2007): 363–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744133107004318.
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AbstractLike many jurisdictions, mental health policy-making in Ontario, Canada, has a long history of frustrated attempts to move from a hospital and physician-based tradition to a coordinated system with greater emphasis on community-based mental health care. This study examines policy legacies associated with the introduction of psychiatric hospitals in the 1850s and of public health insurance (medicare) in the 1960s in Ontario; and their effect on subsequent mental health reform initiatives using a qualitative case study approach. Following Pierson (1993) we capture the resource/incentive and interpretive effects of prior policies on three groups of actors: government elites, interests, and mass publics. Data are drawn from academic and policy literature, and key informant interviews. The findings suggest that psychiatric hospital policy produced important policy legacies which were reinforced by the establishment of Canadian medicare. These legacies explain the traditional difficulty in achieving mental health reform, but are less helpful in explaining recent promising developments that support community-based care. Current reform of the Ontario health system presents an opportunity to overcome several of these legacies. Analysis of policy legacies in other countries which had an asylum tradition may help to explain the similarities and differences in their subsequent paths of mental health reform.
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Christensen, Benjamin. "Ontario Pension Policy Making and the Politics of CPP Reform, 1963–2016." Canadian Journal of Political Science 53, no. 1 (November 27, 2019): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423919000805.
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AbstractAfter years of pension policy drift in a broader context of global austerity, the Canada Pension Plan (CPP) was enhanced for the first time in 2016 to expand benefits for Canadian workers. This article examines Ontario's central role in these reforms. The deteriorating condition of workplace plans, coupled with rising retirement income insecurity across the province's labour force, generated new sources of negative feedback at the provincial level, fuelling Ontario's campaign for CPP reform beginning in the late 2000s. The political limits of policy drift and layering at the provincial level is considered in relationship to policy making at the national level. As shown, a new period of pension politics emerged in Canada after 2009, in which the historical legacy of CPP's joint governance structure led to a dynamic of “collusive benchmarking,” shaped in large part by political efforts of the Ontario government, leading to CPP enhancement.
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Dupré, Ruth. "“If It's Yellow, It Must Be Butter”: Margarine Regulation in North America Since 1886." Journal of Economic History 59, no. 2 (June 1999): 353–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700022865.
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The first domestic food to be regulated by the federal government in the United States, margarine had a unique regulation history. No other food products has been so harshly treated throughtout the world. The American margarine policy up to the 1950s is generally considered remarkably severe. The Canadian policy was even more stringent and more enduring. The province of Quebec, and until very recently of Ontario, still prohibits the yellow coloring of margarine. This article compares the history of margarine regulation in the two countries and uses the interest-group theory of government to investigate why it was so stringent.
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Constantelos, John. "Vetoes and Venues: Economic Crisis and the Roads to Recovery in Michigan and Ontario." Canadian Journal of Political Science 47, no. 4 (December 2014): 827–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423914001073.
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AbstractThis article examines executive responses to economic decline in Ontario and Michigan from 2003 to 2012, when the two governments struggled to adjust to a severe manufacturing crisis which greatly worsened during the Great Recession in 2008–2009. Sharing an international border, these cases offer control over an unusually large number of economic, social and political factors, permitting a focused analysis of the impact of divided government and fiscal decentralization on executive policy making. The research finds that greater fiscal decentralization in Canada and unified government in Ontario allowed the province to develop a more rapid and more robust response to the economic crisis in comparison to the State of Michigan. Budgetary constraints and a partisan veto at the state level forced Michigan's governor to redirect her efforts to the federal venue.
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Keating, M., and A. Mehrhoff. "Canadian Provincial and US State Roles in Urban Planning and Development: A Study of London, Ontario, and St Cloud, Minnesota." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 10, no. 2 (June 1992): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c100173.
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US and Canadian cities face many of the same imperatives of competition for development and growth. Yet cultural differences and the role of higher level governments produce different outcomes. This is tested by examining two cities, London, Ontario, and St Cloud, Minnesota, chosen for their economic and demographic similarities. The Ontario provincial government is found to have a more substantial role in managing urban development issues than its Minnesota state counterpart. This reflects differing Canadian and US assumptions about the scope and purpose of government. Further paired comparisons are needed to assess the effect of other variables.
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Winton, Sue, and Michelle Milani. "Policy advocacy, inequity, and school fees and fundraising in Ontario, Canada." education policy analysis archives 25 (April 24, 2017): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.25.2679.
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Fundraising and collecting fees are ubiquitous in Ontario, Canada’s public schools. Critics assert that these practices perpetuate and exacerbate inequities between schools and communities. In this article we present findings from a critical policy analysis of an advocacy group’s efforts to change Ontario’s fees and fundraising policies over the past two decades. Rhetorical analyses of 110 texts finds that the group constructed the problem of each policy similarly, targeted the same audiences, and utilized many of the same strategies to appeal to logos, ethos, and pathos in their struggle over the policies’ meanings. However, only one out of four of the group’s policy meanings became dominant. The discursive and critical policy perspectives grounding the study directed us to examine how neoliberalism and the policies’ shared broader social, political, and economic contexts can help explain this outcome. Specifically, the group’s efforts to change Ontario’s school fees and fundraising policies confronted dominant discourses that construct parents as consumers of education and responsible for their children’s success in a competitive world, promote the meritocratic notion that successful people deserve their success and the benefits it brings, view the government as responsible only for providing the basic requirements of education, and support privatization and marketization of public schools.
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KIRCHHOFF, DENIS, DAN MCCARTHY, DEBBE D. CRANDALL, LAURA MCDOWELL, and GRAHAM WHITELAW. "A POLICY WINDOW OPENS: STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT IN YORK REGION, ONTARIO, CANADA." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 12, no. 03 (September 2010): 333–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333210003632.
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Government agenda setting has been a focus of research in the field of policy sciences for over two decades. The concept of a policy window is explored as a driver of governmental agenda setting. The Regional Municipality of York, Ontario, Canada was chosen as a case study for exploring the application of strategic environmental assessment at the municipal level through a policy window lens. Problem, policy and political streams converged to provide the necessary conditions for improved environmental assessment and infrastructure planning in York Region. A focusing event and the resulting crisis motivated stakeholders to identify and act on the problem. An SEA-type approach was initiated as one key response. A variety of activities were initiated by York Region including the development of a Sustainability Strategy, synchronisation of master planning, wider consideration of alternatives at the master plan level and improved public consultation. Conclusions are drawn and several recommendations are presented and discussed.
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Bartlett, Peter. "English Mental Health Reform: Lessons from Ontario?" International Journal of Mental Health and Capacity Law 1, no. 5 (September 8, 2014): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijmhcl.v1i5.359.
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<p>Reforms in areas related to mental disability are under debate in England to an extent unprecedented for almost half a century. The Law Commission’s proposals on incapacity, following further consultation from the Lord Chancellor’s Department, have now largely been accepted in principle by the government for legislative enactment at some time in the undetermined future. A joint green paper from the Home Office and the Department of Health has established a policy agenda concerning the governance of people with serious personality disorders. Proposals by an expert committee chaired by Professor Genevra Richardson on mental health reform have likewise been followed up by a government green paper, and the two green papers have in turn resulted in a joint white paper on reform of the Mental Health Act 1983. All this takes place as the Human Rights Act 1998 takes effect, with its guarantees relating to liberty and security of the person, standards for hearings, respect for private and family life, and protection from inhuman or degrading treatment. Throughout the development of the reforms, a number of similar themes have recurred, involving civil rights, the provision of appropriate legal processes, anti-discrimination, the respect for people with capacity, the extension of controls into the community, and the safety both of people with mental disabilities and of the public as a whole.</p><p>At least in the public arena, most of the debate has focussed on the English situation. The premise of this paper is that the situation in the rest of the world may have something to teach us. The paper examines the law of Ontario. While it focuses primarily on those issues related to the Richardson Report and its subsequent government response, Ontario legislation divides issues somewhat differently to English law, and thus overlap with the other reform proposals is inevitable.</p>
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Shakeri, Dolovich, MacCallum, Gamble, Zhou, and Cadarette. "Impact of the 2016 Policy Change on the Delivery of MedsCheck Services in Ontario: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis." Pharmacy 7, no. 3 (August 12, 2019): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy7030115.
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MedsCheck (MC) is an annual medication review service delivered by community pharmacists and funded by the government of Ontario since 2007 for residents taking three or more medications for chronic conditions. In 2010, MC was expanded to include patients with diabetes (MCD), home-bound patients (MCH), and residents of long-term care homes (MCLTC). The Ontario government introduced an abrupt policy change effective 1 October 2016 that added several components to all MC services, especially those completed in the community. We used an interrupted time series design to examine the impact of the policy change (24 months pre- and post-intervention) on the monthly number of MedsCheck services delivered. Immediate declines in all services were identified, especially in the community (47%–64% drop MC, 71%–83% drop MCD, 55% drop MCH, and 9%–14% drop MCLTC). Gradual increases were seen over 24 months post-policy change, yet remained 21%–76% lower than predicted for MedsCheck services delivered in the community, especially for MCD. In contrast, MCLTC services were similar or exceeded predicted values by September 2018 (from 5.1% decrease to 3.5% increase). A more effective implementation of health policy changes is needed to ensure the feasibility and sustainability of professional community pharmacy services.
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Frank, Kristyn, and David Walters. "Exploring the alignment between postsecondary education programs and earnings: An examination of 2005 Ontario graduates." Canadian Journal of Higher Education 42, no. 3 (December 31, 2012): 93–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v42i3.1866.
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This study examines the influence that field of study and level of post-secondary education have on the earnings of recent graduates in Ontario. Graduates of trades, community college, and university programs are compared. Results suggest that graduates of applied and technical programs obtain higher earnings within two years of graduation than graduates of liberal arts programs. University graduates also fare better than college and trades graduates, whereas male graduates of trades programs are found to obtain higher earnings than college graduates. This study provides updated information for policy officials involved with allocating government funding to post-secondary education in Ontario.
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Abelson, Donald E., and Michael Lusztig. "The Consistency of Inconsistency: Tracing Ontario's Opposition to the North American Free Trade Agreement." Canadian Journal of Political Science 29, no. 4 (December 1996): 681–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423900014438.
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AbstractEmploying a rational choice perspective, this article seeks to explain the shift in the trade policy position of the Canadian province of Ontario during negotiations that led to the North American Free Trade Agreement. In doing so it highlights an important, though often overlooked, phenomenon: issue linkage in public policy construction. Early in 1993, Premier Bob Rae's New Democratic party government significantly shifted its position on the proposed agreement. While never actively supportive of the accord prior to 1993, the provincial government maintained close contact with federal trade negotiators as a means of advancing its core trade objectives. By February 1993, however, the government's position hardened perceptibly. Specifically, the government actively undertook to derail the proposed agreement. This article suggests that this shift cannot be understood in terms of growing dissatisfaction with the impending trade agreement, nor solely to a change in Ontario's trade policy preferences. Rather, it suggests that a broader perspective is needed, and argues that Ontario's position on NAFTA was linked to other priorities of the Rae government: namely, those in the fiscal policy arena.
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Maroufmashat, Azadeh, and Michael Fowler. "Policy Considerations for Zero-Emission Vehicle Infrastructure Incentives: Case Study in Canada." World Electric Vehicle Journal 9, no. 3 (August 23, 2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj9030038.
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Transportation accounts for more than 20% of the total Greenouse Gas (GHG) emissions in Canada. Switching from fossil fuels to more environmentally friendly energy sources and to Zero-Emission Vehicles (ZEVs) is a promising option for future transportation but well to wheel emission and charging/refuelling patterns must also be considered. This paper investigates the barriers to and opportunities for electric charging and hydrogen refueling infrastructure incentives in Ontario, Canada and estimates the number of Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEVs) that would be offset by infrastructure incentives. The paper also assesses the potential of electric and hybrid-electric powertrains to enable GHG reductions, explores the impact of the electricity supply mix for supporting zero-emission vehicles in different scenarios and studies the effect of the utility factor for PHEVs in Ontario. The authors compare the use of electric vehicle charging infrastructures and hydrogen refueling stations regarding overall GHG emission reductions for an infrastructure incentive funded by a 20-million-dollar government grant. The results suggest that this incentive can provide infrastructure that can offset around 9000 ICEVs vehicles using electricity charging infrastructure and 4000–8700 when using hydrogen refuelling stations. Having appropriate limitations and policy considerations for the potential 1.7 million electric-based vehicles that may be in use by 2024 in Ontario would result in 5–7 million tonne GHG avoidances in different scenarios, equivalent to the removal of 1–1.5 million ICEVs from the road.
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Levin, Leslie, Ron Goeree, Nancy Sikich, Birthe Jorgensen, Melissa C. Brouwers, Tony Easty, and Catherine Zahn. "Establishing a comprehensive continuum from an evidentiary base to policy development for health technologies: The Ontario experience." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 23, no. 3 (June 19, 2007): 299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462307070456.
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Objectives:The aim of this study was to describe a comprehensive continuum that has developed in Ontario between government and key stakeholder groups, including hospitals, physicians, academic institutions, clinical epidemiologists, health economists, industry, and bioethicists to achieve evidence-based recommendations for policy development.Methods:The various components of the comprehensive model that has evolved to develop an evidentiary platform for policy development are summarized, and the flow between these components is described.Results:The development of the Ontario Health Technology Advisory Committee (OHTAC) and associated programs demonstrate the need to go beyond the traditional steps taken within most health technology assessment paradigms. These components include pragmatic postmarketing studies, human factors, and safety analyses, and formalized interactions with a broad spectrum of potential end-users of each technology, experts, and industry. These components, taken together with an expanded systematic review to include a range of economic analyses, and societal impacts augment the traditional systematic review processes. This approach has been found to be important in assisting decision making and has resulted in an 81 percent conversion from evidence to policy consideration for eighty-three technologies that had been assessed at the time this article was submitted.Conclusions:The comprehensive model, centered around OHTAC, has added important new dimensions to health policy by improving its relevance to decision makers and providing an accountable and transparent basis for government to invest appropriately in health technologies. This study could also form a basis for further research into appropriate methodologies and outcome measurements as they relate to each component of this approach.
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Rezai-Rashti, Goli M. "Educational Policy Reform and its Impact on Equity Work in Ontario: Global Challenges and Local Possibilities." education policy analysis archives 11 (December 29, 2003): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v11n51.2003.
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In this article I discuss the effects of global policy discourses on the educational restructuring of the work of equity workers in Ontario, Canada. Research in two school boards with those directly involved in equity work revealed that the restructuring process had uneven and unexpected effects on the activities of equity workers. Using the critical policy analysis framework, the analysis moves into a discussion of the complexities of policy studies. I argue that the policies introduced at the government level are implemented and practiced on the basis of the historical specificities found at each local site. (Note 1)
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Duinker, P. N., P. W. Matakala, and D. Zhang. "Community forestry and its implications for Northern Ontario." Forestry Chronicle 67, no. 2 (April 1, 1991): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc67131-2.
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Community forestry is becoming an increasingly important policy issue for provincial governments in Canada. Many single-industry communities in the northern parts of the provinces, surrounded as they are by forests, are looking to forest resources for possible economic diversification and stability. At the same time as there is increasing interest, there is little understanding about what community forestry could and should be for communities surrounded by Crown land forests. This paper looks at some definitions and dimensions of community forestry, as well as reviewing briefly some experiences with it. We examine various ways in which community forestry might be different from provincial government forestry and industrial forestry, and reflect on whether community forestry could lead to improvements in forest management. We conclude with some thoughts on potential future directions for community forestry in Ontario. Key words: community forestry. Crown land forests, single-industry communities, land tenure, local involvement, economic stability, Northern Ontario
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Nelson, Connie, Charles Z. Levkoe, and Rachel Kakegamic. "The need for contextual, place-based food policies: Lessons from Northwestern Ontario." Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l'alimentation 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 266–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cfs-rcea.v5i3.327.
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In recent years, several reports have highlighted the need for a national food policy that takes a comprehensive approach to addressing food systems (CAC, 2014; Levkoe & Sheedy, 2017; Martorell, 2017; UNGA, 2012). These findings suggest that, at the core, resilient food systems must be built on interconnected knowledge and experience that emerge from place-based interrelationships between human and ecological systems. Drawing on these important learnings, this commentary voices our hopes and concerns around the recent efforts of the Canadian Government to develop a food policy for Canada. While we commend the Government’s desire to “set a long-term vision for the health, environmental, social, and economic goals related to food, while identifying actions we can take in the short-term”, we caution any tendency to develop “best practices” that assume a universal, or “one-size fits all” approach to food policy development. We argue that Canada requires a set of contextual, place-based food policies that emerge from the grassroots, address local needs and desires, and build on the strengths and assets of communities.
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Hanlon, N. T., and M. W. Rosenberg. "Not-So-New Public Management and the Denial of Geography: Ontario Health-Care Reform in the 1990s." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 16, no. 5 (October 1998): 559–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c160559.
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New public management (NPM) has become the mantra for public sector restructuring in OECD nations. We critically examine NPM in the context of recent public sector restructuring initiatives in the province of Ontario, Canada. Two NPM-inspired reform mechanisms employed by the Ontario government—the benchmarking of hospital-utilization indicators and the offloading of a greater share of patient-care responsibilities to the private sector—are examined as they impact on the economically disadvantaged city of Thunder Bay in the province's remote Northwestern region. We argue that the health reforms pursued by the Ontario government are focused on a one-dimensional notion of efficiency which denies important socioeconomic and health-service-environment dimensions that account for local differences in health-services utilization. Although this type of reform approach achieves short-term cost savings, we question whether the longer term effects on health and social services are efficient and equitable from a systemwide perspective. Ultimately, we question whether NPM will solve the problems inherent in publicly supported health and social services or will generate a new set of problems linked to the belief in the primacy of market mechanisms.
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Young, Stacey J. "The Use of Market Mechanisms in Higher Education Finance and State Control: Ontario Considered." Canadian Journal of Higher Education 32, no. 2 (August 31, 2002): 79–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v32i2.183412.
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Marketization has been so liberally applied to understanding higher education finance policy change that it has become a less potent conceptual tool. Through its evolution as a conceptual tool, the relationship between state control and market control has become an either/or proposition. In Ontario, state control over higher education has been strengthened with the use of market mechanisms, particularly as they have been utilized in resource allocation. This article outlines seven major higher education policy changes that make use of market mechanisms while enhancing state control. It is argued that marketization is a compromise between privatization, academic autonomy, and blatant state control in the face of the backlash against government intrusion in western socio- economic life.
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Francis, Charles M., Peter J. Blancher, and R. Dean Phoenix. "Bird monitoring programs in Ontario: What have we got and what do we need?" Forestry Chronicle 85, no. 2 (March 1, 2009): 202–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc85202-2.
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Bird population monitoring should be designed to enhance conservation of birds through informing policy decisions and management actions. Many different bird surveys are undertaken in Ontario ranging from province-wide multi-species programs such as the Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas to single-species localized surveys for Species at Risk. Although most surveys provide some useful contributions towards understanding the status of bird populations, there remain significant gaps in both species and geographic coverages, especially in the northern half of the province, and few surveys are sufficient for evaluating the specific effects of current management practices on birds. Enhancing bird monitoring in the province should first involve clearly defining, quantitatively, the information required for management, conservation and decision-making, in the context of an adaptive management cycle, and then identifying the most cost-effective monitoring programs to obtain that information. This can most effectively be implemented through a cooperative effort involving all parties with an interest in bird monitoring data including federal and provincial government agencies, environmental non-government organizations, and industry. Key words: bird population monitoring, evaluation, adaptive management, decision-making
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Desveaux, Laura, Charlene Soobiah, R. Sacha Bhatia, and James Shaw. "Identifying and Overcoming Policy-Level Barriers to the Implementation of Digital Health Innovation: Qualitative Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 21, no. 12 (December 20, 2019): e14994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14994.
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Background High-level policy barriers impede widespread adoption for even the most well-positioned innovations. Most of the work in this field assumes rather than analyzes the driving forces of health innovation. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the challenges and opportunities experienced by health system stakeholders in the implementation of digital health innovation in Ontario. Objective The aim of this study was to explore the challenges and opportunities experienced by health system stakeholders in the implementation of digital health innovation in Ontario. Methods We completed semistructured interviews with 10 members of senior leadership across key organizations that are engaged in health care–related digital health activities. Data were analyzed using qualitative description. Results A total of 6 key policy priorities emerged, including the need for (1) a system-level definition of innovation, (2) a clear overarching mission, and (3) clearly defined organizational roles. Operationally, there is a need to (4) standardize processes, (5) shift the emphasis to change management, and (6) align funding structures. Conclusions These findings emphasize the critical role of the government in developing a vision and creating the foundation upon which innovation activities will be modeled.
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Boudreau, Françoise. "The Making of Mental Health Policy: The 1980s and the Challenge of Sanity in Quebec and Ontario." Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health 6, no. 1 (April 1, 1987): 27–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7870/cjcmh-1987-0002.
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This paper examines the current socio-political language in the formulation of mental health policy in Ontario and Quebec. “Before long,” coherent and rational policy has been promised in each province to “solve” today's mental health crisis—often identified as that of “deinstitutionaliztion.” However, there is not just one view. Here, we examine the arguments presented in the form of briefs, reports, and working documents on the part of mental health professionals, governments and unions, patient groups, and volunteer organizations in both provinces. We analyze the areas of convergence and divergence and attempt to make sense of this mass of material so important in the formulation of a sensible and sensitive government policy of action.
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Morsink, W. A. G., R. M. U. Ubbens, J. R. Pickering, R. G. Perkins, and P. A. Lewis-Watts. "An Urban Forestry Strategy For Ontario." Forestry Chronicle 65, no. 2 (April 1, 1989): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc65097-2.
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An urban forestry strategy is presented for Ontario, in response to a growing need to manage for viable and healthy urban vegetation. Urban forestry is about planning and managing existing and/or new treed vegetation of all types and associated wildlife, to establish attractive urban habitats, using systematic forestry-like approaches and environmental principles, in combination with arboricultural and modified silvicultural techniques. Urban forestry managers, having various educational backgrounds, are increasingly becoming involved in managing our urban forest, our habitat.Currently, there is no educational institution that totally prepares students for a career in urban forestry. As a result, people entering this field do so on an ad hoc basis, having various educational backgrounds, which do not cover all aspects of urban forestry management. A second problem is the limited awareness of various levels of government that systematic urban forestry management for densely populated areas is a growing need.Factors contributing to the need for urban forestry management, as well as obstacles to establishing such programs, are discussed. The urban forest, its managers, the content of programs and experience in the USA are outlined. Proposed actions include:1 development of a provincial policy, through the enlargement of the private land forestry program to initiate and support urban forestry programs;2 evaluation of the feasibility of having conservation authorities include urban forestry in their mandate;3 establishment of an umbrella-type diploma course administered by an educational institution; and4 establishment of an urban forestry chair at a university with cross appointments in forestry, planning and/or landscape architecture. Key Words : Urban forestry programs, options and alternatives for Ontario communities.
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Mueller, Daren S., Kiersten A. Wise, Adam J. Sisson, Tom W. Allen, Gary C. Bergstrom, D. Bruce Bosley, Carl A. Bradley, et al. "Corn Yield Loss Estimates Due to Diseases in the United States and Ontario, Canada from 2012 to 2015." Plant Health Progress 17, no. 3 (January 2016): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-rs-16-0030.
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Annual decreases in corn yield caused by diseases were estimated by surveying members of the Corn Disease Working Group in 22 corn-producing states in the United States and in Ontario, Canada, from 2012 through 2015. Estimated loss from each disease varied greatly by state and year. In general, foliar diseases such as northern corn leaf blight, gray leaf spot, and Goss's wilt commonly caused the largest estimated yield loss in the northern United States and Ontario during non-drought years. Fusarium stalk rot and plant-parasitic nematodes caused the most estimated loss in the southern-most United States. The estimated mean economic loss due to yield loss by corn diseases in the United States and Ontario from 2012 to 2015 was $76.51 USD per acre. The cost of disease-mitigating strategies is another potential source of profit loss. Results from this survey will provide scientists, breeders, government, and educators with data to help inform and prioritize research, policy, and educational efforts in corn pathology and disease management. Accepted for publication 26 August 2016.
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Senecal, Catherine, and Chandra A. Madramootoo. "Watershed management: review of Canadian diversity." Water Policy 7, no. 5 (October 1, 2005): 509–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2005.0030.
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Watershed management combines the concept of the watershed as the most appropriate spatial management unit for water resources and the concept of integrated water resources management. The movement toward this form of management has resulted in the emergence of new forms of governance in Canada. The Canadian water management context has resulted in various forms of river basin management organizations co-existing within the same country. Four examples are presented of river basin management organizations as they have evolved in Ontario, British Columbia, Quebec and the Prairies, with emphasis on government policy, organizational structure, roles and responsibilities, sources of funding and implementation of integrated watershed management programs and policies. These case studies are selected because they range from government institutions to organizations partially supported by government, to grass roots and stakeholder involvement models, reflecting different levels of funding and stakeholder participation.