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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bronchitas'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Tamulienė, Donata. "Specialių kvėpavimo pratimų poveikis plaučių funkciniam pajėgumui ir raumenų jėgai 14 - 17 metų vaikams sergantiems bronchitu." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140717_101243-28963.

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Kvėpavimas yra kūno egzistencijos ir gyvastingumo pagrindas, kuris padeda palaikyti dujų apykaita tarp organizmo ir aplinkos (Adaškevičienė, 2008). Grinienė, Vaitkauskas (2009), Kriščiūnas (2009), Andžiulis ir kt. (1999) savo knygose kvėpavimo pratimus išskiria kaip itin veiksmingą būdą, gydant kvėpavimo takų ligas. Bakalauro darbe, analizuojama specialių kvėpavimo pratimų programos poveikis vaikams, sergantiems bronchitu. Tyrimo tikslas: atskleisti specialių kvėpavimo pratimų programos poveikį 14-17 metų vaikams, sergantiems bronchitu. Tyrimui atskleisti buvo iškelti šie tikslai: apžvelgti kvėpavimo pratimų svarbą vaikams sergantiems bronchitu, remiantis mokslinės literatūros analize, taikant Štangės, Henšo ir krūtinės ląstos paslankumo testus ištirti ir palyginti eksperimentinės ir kontrolinės grupės vaikų plaučių funkcinį pajėgumą prieš ir po kineziterapijos taikymo, ištirti ir palyginti vaikų eksperimentines ir kontrolines grupes, ištestuoti ir įvertinti pilvo bei liemens šonų raumenų jėgą prieš ir po specialių kvėpavimo pratimų programos taikymo, taip nustatant eksperimento poveikį bei naudą vaikams. Tyrime dalyvavo trisdešimt Palangos vaikų reabilitacijos sanatorijos ,,Palangos Gintaras‘‘ 14-17 metų vaikai, sergantys bronchitu. Sudarytos dvi grupės - eksperimentinė ir kontrolinė, kuriose vaikų skaičius paskirstytas vienodai. Eksperimentinėje grupėje reikėjo išsiaiškinti specialių kvėpavimo pratimų poveikį pilvo, liemens šonų raumenų jėgą, plaučių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Breathing is bodily existence’s and vitality basis. The aim of the work is to disclose specific breathing exercise program’s effects to 14-17 years - old children who are sick with bronchitis. To reveal the research goals were risen: to review breathing exercises importance to adolescent who have bronchitis basing on scientific literature analysis; applying Štangės, Henšo and thorax flexibility tests to examine and compare experimental and control group children’s lung functional capacity before and after physiotherapy application; to test and rate stomach and torso side muscles strength before and after specific breathing exercises program’s application in that way setting experiment’s effect and benefits for children. In this research thirty Palangos rehabilitation sanatorium “Palangos Gintaras” patients participated. It was 14-17 years’ old teenagers, who are sick with bronchitis. There was made two kind of groups: experimental and control in which the numbers of kids were the same. In experimental group it was needed to reveal specific breathing exercises effects on stomach, torso side muscles strength, lungs functional possibilities, thorax flexibility. In experimental group breathing exercises has been adapted two times per day. In control group ordinary physiotherapy activities happened. Research results revealed experiment effect statistically processed results were clearly seen, of the respiratory exercise program had a... [to full text]
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2

Čiuldienė, Dovilė. "Kietųjų dalelių koncentracijos poveikis Petrašiūnų ir Dainavos mikrorajonų lankančių vaikų susirgimo bronchitu rizikai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120620_130818-90724.

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Vis daugiau epidemiologinių tyrimų atskleidžia neigiamą oro taršos įtaką žmonių sveikatai. Ypač oro taršos neigiamam poveikiui yra jautrūs maži vaikai. Todėl, siekiant nustatyti ryšį tarp oro taršos kietosiomis dalelėmis ir bronchito rizikos, atlikome oro kokybės ir epidemiologinį „atvejis – kontrolė“ tyrimą. Nustatėme, kad vidutinė sezoninė kietųjų dalelių koncentracija dviejuose mikrorajonuose svyravo nuo 20 µg/m3 iki 41 µg/m3, o vidutinė metinė - svyravo nuo 24 µg/m3 iki 33 µg/m3. Didžiausia vidutinė metinė koncentracija 2010 ir 2011 nustatyta Petrašiūnuose. Atliekant „atvejis – kontrolė” nustatėme, kad Petrašiūnuose iki penkerių metų amžiaus vaikų bronchito paplitimas yra didesnis - 69% visų tirtų vaikų, kai Dainavoje – tik 49 % visų tirtų vaikų. Kontroliuojant ryšį iškraipančius veiksnius, nustatėme, kad riziką susirgti bronchitu dididno suaugusiųjų rūkymas ir vitamino D trūkumas. Tyrimo analizė leido padaryti išvadą, kad vaikams, gyvenantiems ir lankantiems darželius Petrašiūnų mikrorajone, rizika susirgti bronchitu buvo 2,9 karto (PI 95 % 1,789 – 4,716) didesnė, nei vaikams, kurie gyveno ir lankė darželius Dainavos mikrorajone. Taip pat nustatyta, kad berniukams rizika susirgti bronchitu yra didesnė, nei mergaitėms.
There are plenty of epidemiological researches reveal that, exposure to air pollution is associated with numerous effects on human health. The association of PM 10 with the prevalence of bronchitis among till 5 years old children was examined in a cross-sectional study. We found out that, average seasonal pm 10 concentration varied from 20 µg/m3 till 41 µg/m3. And average pm 10 concentration and counted in every year varied from 24 µg/m3 till 33 µg/m3. The highest average yearly pm 10 concentration was determined in Petrašiūnai 2010 and 2011 years. Also we found out that, the prevalence of bronchitis between 5 years old children was higher in Petrašiūnai (69%). The prevalence of bronchitis in Dainava was 49 %. Controlling the factors perverting connection we found out that, smoking and indoor smoking also deficiency of D vitamin have the tendency to increase the risk of bronchitis. In conclusion, we found that, children who lived and used to go to kindergartens in Petrašiūnai the risk of the bronchitis was 2,9 (PI 95 % 1,789 – 4,716).
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3

Meren, Mari. "Asthma, chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and respiratory symptoms among adults in Estonia: prevalence and risk factors - comparison with Sweden and Finalnd : the "FinEsS" studies - Estonia I /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-537-2/.

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4

Hoyer, Jürgen, Andrea Reusch, and Eric Leibing. "Ungenauigkeit der Interozeption und Abwendung der Aufmerksamkeit bei Atemwegserkrankungen: Asthma bronchiale versus chronisch obstruktive Bronchitis." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-132917.

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In der vorliegenden Studie wurde die Hypothese geprüft, daß Asthmatiker die Aufmerksamkeit von eigenen Körperprozessen ablenken und eine Ungenauigkeit bei der Interozeption relevanter Atemwegsobstruktionen aufweisen. Weiterhin prüften wir die Frage, inwieweit die postulierte Aufmerksamkeitsabwendung generalisiert ist und sich auch auf die nicht atemwegsbezogene Symptomwahrnehmung und die private Selbstaufmerksamkeit bezieht. Die Interozeptionsgenauigkeit wurde als Diskrepanz zwischen subjektivem Urteil und objektiver Atemfunktion bei spirometrischen Messungen berechnet, die anderen Variablen mittels Fragebögen operationalisiert. Es wurden insgesamt 91 Patienten einer Rehabilitationseinrichtung untersucht: 30 Asthmatiker, 30 Patienten mit chronisch obstruktiver Bronchitis (COB) und 31 Kontrollpatienten ohne Atemwegserkrankung. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf eine spezifisch atemwegsbezogene Aufmerksamkeitsablenkung sowie eine Überschätzung von Obstruktionen bei Asthmatikern hin. Überraschend zeigen auch die COB-Patienten auffällige Ergebnismuster in Richtung einer Unterschätzung von Obstruktionen sowie verminderter Selbstaufmerksamkeit. Die Ergebnisse lassen sich im Rahmen verhaltensmedizinischer Überlegungen interpretieren
The hypothesis that asthmatic patients draw their attention away from bodily processes and show inaccurate interoception with regard to relevant airway obstructions was tested in this study. Additionally, we examined whether this postulated withdrawal of attention can also be generalized for the perception of non-airway related symptoms as well as for private self-consciousness. Accuracy of interoception was measured as the discrepancy between subjective judgement of obstruction and objective obstruction as shown in spirometric tests. Other variables were operationalized by self-reports. Ninetyone patients in a rehabilitation hospital were tested: 30 asthmatic patients, 30 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB), and 31 control subjects without any airway disease. Asthmatic patients showed attention withdrawal only with regard to bronchial airways. However, they also indicated an overestimation of airway obstruction. Surprisingly, deviant results were also found for the COB patients including underestimation of obstructions and lower self awareness. All results were interpreted from the perspective of behavioral medicine
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
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5

Hoyer, Jürgen, Andrea Reusch, and Eric Leibing. "Ungenauigkeit der Interozeption und Abwendung der Aufmerksamkeit bei Atemwegserkrankungen: Asthma bronchiale versus chronisch obstruktive Bronchitis." Karger, 1999. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27479.

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In der vorliegenden Studie wurde die Hypothese geprüft, daß Asthmatiker die Aufmerksamkeit von eigenen Körperprozessen ablenken und eine Ungenauigkeit bei der Interozeption relevanter Atemwegsobstruktionen aufweisen. Weiterhin prüften wir die Frage, inwieweit die postulierte Aufmerksamkeitsabwendung generalisiert ist und sich auch auf die nicht atemwegsbezogene Symptomwahrnehmung und die private Selbstaufmerksamkeit bezieht. Die Interozeptionsgenauigkeit wurde als Diskrepanz zwischen subjektivem Urteil und objektiver Atemfunktion bei spirometrischen Messungen berechnet, die anderen Variablen mittels Fragebögen operationalisiert. Es wurden insgesamt 91 Patienten einer Rehabilitationseinrichtung untersucht: 30 Asthmatiker, 30 Patienten mit chronisch obstruktiver Bronchitis (COB) und 31 Kontrollpatienten ohne Atemwegserkrankung. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf eine spezifisch atemwegsbezogene Aufmerksamkeitsablenkung sowie eine Überschätzung von Obstruktionen bei Asthmatikern hin. Überraschend zeigen auch die COB-Patienten auffällige Ergebnismuster in Richtung einer Unterschätzung von Obstruktionen sowie verminderter Selbstaufmerksamkeit. Die Ergebnisse lassen sich im Rahmen verhaltensmedizinischer Überlegungen interpretieren.
The hypothesis that asthmatic patients draw their attention away from bodily processes and show inaccurate interoception with regard to relevant airway obstructions was tested in this study. Additionally, we examined whether this postulated withdrawal of attention can also be generalized for the perception of non-airway related symptoms as well as for private self-consciousness. Accuracy of interoception was measured as the discrepancy between subjective judgement of obstruction and objective obstruction as shown in spirometric tests. Other variables were operationalized by self-reports. Ninetyone patients in a rehabilitation hospital were tested: 30 asthmatic patients, 30 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB), and 31 control subjects without any airway disease. Asthmatic patients showed attention withdrawal only with regard to bronchial airways. However, they also indicated an overestimation of airway obstruction. Surprisingly, deviant results were also found for the COB patients including underestimation of obstructions and lower self awareness. All results were interpreted from the perspective of behavioral medicine.
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
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6

Barret, Thierry. "Antibiothérapie des bronchites chroniques." Caen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CAEN3069.

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7

Stursberg, Ulrike. "Felines Asthma und chronische Bronchitis." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-125043.

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8

Granberg, Dan. "Bronchial Carcinoids." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-4957-3/.

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9

Goy, Stefanie. "Chronische Bronchitis bei Landwirten - Eine Metaanalyse -." Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-71116.

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10

Dove, Brian Kenneth. "Infectious bronchitis virus defective RNA studies." Thesis, University of Reading, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250714.

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11

Dudasova, Anita. "Cannabinoids and bronchial airways." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/3638.

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Although there is a renewed interest in the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids, pharmacological and physiological characterisation of these promising compounds is currently not well documented in the respiratory system. The aim of this study is to increase our understanding of possible roles of cannabinoids in the airways. Apart from CB1 and CB2 receptor-mediated actions, cannabinoid compounds can also target TRPV1 receptors, ion channels or the orphan GPR55. In isolated guinea-pig bronchi, WIN55212-2 probably exerted its inhibitory effect on sensory nerves through CB2-like receptors. VIR did not act prejunctionally but its excitatory action was mediated through TRPV1 receptors. Δ9-THC activated sensory nerves presumably involving CB1 receptors. It was speculated that GPR55 might be activated by VIR and antagonized by CBD. CBD revealed multiple mechanisms of actions: it antagonized effects mediated by TRPV1 and NK2 receptors, modulated mast cell function and showed anti-allergic activity in an in vitro model of bronchial asthma. In a human bronchial epithelial cell line the functional expression of CB1 receptors could not be confirmed. Cannabinoids examined in this study were ineffective to induce signal transduction which would be linked to ion channel activity or to intracellular Ca2+ changes. Only VIR might trigger a CB1 receptor-independent signalling pathway in these cells. In conclusion, the findings presented in this thesis reflect the diversity of cannabinoid pharmacology in the airways. They show for the first time that CBD has the ability to reduce antigen-induced bronchoconstriction, indicating relevance in bronchial asthma.
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12

Farthouat, Nicolas Le Mauff Pierre. "Antibiotiques et bronchite aigue." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/MEDfarthouat.pdf.

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13

Azzawi, May. "Immunopathology of bronchial asthma." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46654.

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14

Leeuwen-Gorter, Annelies Danielle van. "Pathogenesis of Haemophilus influenzae respiratory infection in COPD patients effects of neutrophil defensins on the interaction of Haemophilus influenzae with airway epithelial cells /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2002. http://dare.uva.nl/document/64756.

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15

Macnee, W. "Right ventricular function in chronic bronchitis and emphysema." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383973.

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16

Elhafi, Giuma Elaref. "Studies on avian infectious bronchitis including viral persistence." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406664.

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17

Kaban, Alain Zuck Pierre. "Prise en charge des infections bactériennes au cours des bronchites aigue de l'adulte sain et des exacerbations aigues de bronchite chronique (stade O) en médecine générale analyse critique d'une enquête épidémiologique observationnelle /." [S.l] : [s.n], 2003. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2003_KABAN_ALAIN.pdf.

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18

Bowman, Rayleen Veronica. "Mechanisms of human bronchial carcinogenesis /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19353.pdf.

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19

Titinchi, S. J. "Adrenoceptor status in bronchial asthma." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377168.

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20

Hemmati, Brivanlou Zohreh. "Bismesilate d'almitrine et bronchite chronique." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11318.

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21

Aul, Raminder Singh. "Bronchial challenges in airways disease." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/bronchial-challenges-in-airways-disease(427734bd-d3e2-48be-b6bb-b760da1b333d).html.

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Background: Airways diseases comprise mainly of COPD and asthma. There is a need to develop both new models and improve methodologies of existing models these diseases. LPS challenges in smokers would be an excellent model to study the drugs directed against TLR4 mediated inflammation in COPD. In asthma allergen challenges are established models of disease and extensively used in clinical trials. Back to back reproducibility of two bolus dose allergen challenges has not been studied; this would provide intra subject standard deviations which are useful for accurate power calculations for bolus allergen challenge studies. Aims: 1. To investigate Inhaled LPS Challenges in healthy smokers as a model of inflammation in COPD; study systemic and sputum biomarkers for use in such studies and use LPS challenge as a model to study corticosteroid insensitivity 2. Investigate LPS Challenges in HNS as a model to study neutrophil chemotaxis mechanisms 3. Study Reproducibility of bolus dose allergen challengeMethods 1. HNS and HS were recruited and underwent inhaled LPS challenges. Safety, airway and systemic inflammation was studied. 2. Mild atopic asthmatics underwent two bolus allergen challenges, reproducibility of EAR and LAR was studied and intrasubject SD was used for power calculationsResult LPS Challenges were safe in both HNS and HS and led to increase in sputum neutrophil% in both these populations with maximum effect at 6hours post 30µg LPS inhalation. The resulting airway neutrophilic inflammation was reproducible in HS. LPS challenge in HS also leads to increase in systemic biomarkers and upregulation of NFĸB pathways in induced sputum. There was moderate corticosteroid insensitivity in airway inflammation in HS which didnot increase post LPS challenge. In HNS sputum supernatants post LPS challenge increase chemotaxis of blood neutrophils which is related to CXCL8 levels and mediated by both CXCR1 and 2 receptors. Bolus allergen challenges in mild asthmatics show good reproducibility for both EAR and LAR; I have also presented intrasubject SD which maybe used for accurate power calculations for future studies.Conclusions LPS Challenges lead to neutrophilic airway inflammation in HS which is reproducible and mediated by upregulation of TLR4 signalling making this a good model to study anti-inflammatory drugs for COPD in clinical trials. Additionally, LPS challenges in HNS provide a model to study neutrophil chemotaxis mechanisms. Bolus allergen challenges show good reproducibility and accurate power calculations are presented in this thesis.
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22

Jayaram, Jyothi. "Studies on the nucleocapsid protein of infectious bronchitis virus." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2243.

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Because phosphorylation of the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) nucleocapsid (N) protein may regulate its multiple roles in viral replication, the dynamics of N phosphorylation were examined. In the infected cell, N was the only viral protein that was phosphorylated as shown by 32P-orthophosphate labeling and Western blot analysis and with IBV specific polyclonal chicken antibody. Using pulse-labeling with 32Porthophosphate, the IBV N protein was found to be phosphorylated in the virion, as well as at all times during infection of Vero cells. One-hour pulse-chase analysis followed by immunoprecipitation of IBV N using rabbit anti-IBV N polyclonal antibody showed that the phosphate on the protein did not fall below 70% of the maximum and remained stable. The small but reproducible drop in phosphorylation could modulate the various functions of the N protein in the infected cell. Simultaneous labeling with 32Porthophosphate and 3H-leucine of infected CEK cells indicated a 3.5-fold increase in the ratio of the 32P:3H counts per minute (cpm) on the virion N protein as compared to the 32P:3H cpm ratio of the N protein from lysates at 7 h p.i. The 32P:3H cpm ratio of the N protein from virion from infected-Vero cell lysates was 10.5X more than the 32P:3H cpm ratio of the N protein obtained at 7 h p.i. It has been shown that the N proteins from the measles and rabies viruses form helical nucleocapsid-like structures when expressed in bacteria (Schoehn et al., 2001; Warnes et al., 1995). The ability of E. coli expressed IBV N protein to form helical-nucleocapsid-like structures was investigated using transmission electron microscopy. Full-length, purified histidine-tagged IBV N protein formed nucleocapsid-like structures when expressed in bacteria. Because E. coli -expressed histidine-tagged fragments of the IBV N protein did not form helical nucleocapsid-like structures, the full-length protein is probably required for assembly of these structures. The highly conserved IBV N protein was also used as a diagnostic tool in an ELISA for detecting anti-IBV antibody in chicken serum using a specialized microwave called the BIOWAVE. The BIOWAVE improves the processing time for an ELISA.
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23

Licata, Matthew J. "The efficacy of combined infectious bronchitis/Newcastle disease vaccines." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 112 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=1253510101&Fmt=7&clientId=79356&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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24

Spencer, Kelly-Anne. "Biophysical characterisation of the infectious bronchitis virus nucleocapsid protein." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436017.

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25

Akpavie, Stephen Owarioro. "Globule leucocytes and respiratory diseases in cattle." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.254183.

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26

McKeand, Jacqueline B. "Aspects of the immumobiology of Dictyocaulus viviparus infection." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314727.

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27

Foltz, Jeffrey Andrew. "Characterization of infectious bronchitis virus isolates discovered during the 2004 avian influenza outbreak of the Delmarva Peninsula." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 128 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1597632181&sid=10&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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28

Fujii, Sena. "The bronchial tree of the human embryo: an analysis of variations in the bronchial segments." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/259733.

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29

Mauboussin, Jean-Marc. "Bronchite lymphocytaire des sujets infectés par le V. I. H : étude chez 120 patients." Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11186.

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30

Kraan, Jan. "Bronchial hyperresponsiveness and anti-asthmatic therapy." [S.l. : [Groningen : s.n.] ; University of Groningen] [Host], 2008. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/.

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31

Richter, Petra. "Bedeutung von Mykoplasmenspezies bei Katzen mit chronischer Bronchitis/felinem Asthma." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-147141.

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32

Ahmad, Shaharuddin. "Environment and bronchitis in the federal territory, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252801.

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33

Bhattacharjee, Partha Sarathi. "Enterotropism and persistence of avian infectious bronchitis virus in chickens." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240459.

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34

Ambali, Abdul-Ganiyu. "Pathogenesis of an enterotropic variant of avian infectious bronchitis virus." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.232935.

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35

Izadkhasti, Sousan. "Generation of recombinant infectious bronchitis viruses with chimaeric spike proteins." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441413.

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36

Hodgson, Theresa Susan. "Open reading frames 3a and 3b of Infectious bronchitis virus." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422552.

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37

Liu, Ding Xiang. "Translational analysis of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus messenger RNAs." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239182.

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38

Marti, Eliane. "Genetische Komponenten der chronischen Bronchitis und des Sommerekzems beim Pferd /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1991. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.

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39

Morgan, A. D. "Psychological and physiological factors affecting exercise tolerance in chronic bronchitis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19158.

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40

Manswr, B. M. "Studies on immunopathogenesis and diagnosis of infectious bronchitis virus in chicken." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2018. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3026921/.

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An RT-PCR assay was developed to amplify and sequence the full S1 gene of classical and variant infectious bronchitis virus (IBVs) enriched in allantoic fluid (AF) or the same AF inoculated onto Flinders Technology Association (FTA) cards. Seven IBV strains (M41, D274, 793B, IS/885/00, IS/1494/06, Q1 and QX) were grown in SPF eggs and RNA was extracted from AF. Full S1 gene amplification was achieved by using two primers and products were sequenced using primers; A, SX3, 1050+ and 1380+ to achieve full S1 gene coverage. Following serial dilutions of AF, it was found that detection limits of the partial assay were higher than those of the full S1 gene. Partial S1 sequences exhibited higher than average nucleotide similarity percentages (79%; 352bp) compared to full S1 sequences (77%; 1,756bp), suggesting that the full S1 protocol has greater strain differentiation efficiency. For IBV detection from AF inoculated FTA cards, four serotypes were incubated and stored for up to 21 days at three temperatures; 4°C, room temperature (24°C) and 40°C. RNA extracted and tested with partial and full S1 protocols. Through partial sequencing, all IBVs were successfully detected at all sampling points and storage temperatures. In contrast, for full S1 sequencing, was not able to amplify the gene beyond 14 days of storage or when stored at 40°C. Full S1 sequencing appears to be suited for detection of IBVs enriched in AF, and has limited application for samples directly embedded onto FTA cards. Following Q1-like infection of specific pathogen free (SPF) or two different breeds of broiler chicks, the live body weight of all three types of chicks were significantly reduced. Also, respiratory clinical signs were found in all types of chick. For the infected SPF chicks, all swabs were RT-PCR positive, with the IBV viral load peaking in the trachea and kidneys at 9 dpi, whereas the proventriculus peaked later at 14 dpi. Significant up-regulation in the expression of several genes (IFNα, TLR3, MDA5, LITAF, IL-1β and IL-6) were seen in the trachea and kidneys at 3, 7 and 9 dpi. In the broiler chicks, the immunopathogenesis of Q1 was cross-compared between fast and slow growing broiler birds. For the fast-growing line (Line-A), swabs from the infected group were RT-PCR positive at all sampling days, whereas the slow growing line (Line-B) were positive until 14 dpi. At 7-9 dpi, higher viral loads were found in the trachea, proventriculus and kidney of fast growers compared to slow growers. Mean IBV ELISA antibody titres in the Line-B were higher than Line-A. Tracheal innate immune response showed IFN-α up-regulation only in Line-A but IFN-β was up- regulated in both lines. For TLR3, an up-regulation was seen in Line-A up to 7 dpi, and for all sampling days in Line-B. MDA5 was up-regulated in Line-A and down-regulated in Line-B at 1 dpi. In the kidneys, for Line-A birds, IFN-α and IFN-β were up-regulated at 1 and 1-3 dpi respectively. There was up-regulation in TLR3 in Line-B throughout the study period but not for Line-A. MDA5 was up-regulated in both lines at 7 and 9 dpi. It appears that the immunopathogenesis of IBV Q1 infection in slow growing (Line-B) chicks was milder in terms of the proinflammatory cytokines levels when compared to the fast growers (Line-A), which could be associated with the genetic differences between these breeds. In an attempt to establish an in vitro infectious model to cross-compare the virulence of IBV live vaccines, eight vaccines and three virulent strains of IBVs were assessed in tracheal organ cultures (TOCs). At 24 and 72 hours post infection (hpi), TOC media and tracheal rings were collected and used for RT-PCR, qRT-PCR, measurement of innate immune responses and examination of total apoptotic cells. Differences in virulence were noted between the strains as certain vaccine strains resulted in cilia destruction comparable with the virulent strain. Average cilia motility readings showed that Mass1 and VirMass reached complete ciliostasis at 96 and 72 hpi respectively, whereas, in the 793B and QX groups complete ciliostasis was reached for all strains by 120 hpi. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed decreased viral presence in the media at 24 and 72 hpi. Differences were found between the total apoptotic cell counts in the tracheal rings among virulent and vaccine strains. Down-regulation in mRNA expression of IFN-α at 24 and 72 hpi occurred in all virulent and vaccine infected TOCs. At 24 hpi, there was up-regulation in IFN-β which was down regulated by 72 hpi in virulent infected TOCs. At 24 and 72 hpi, there was up-regulation in the mRNA expression of TLR3 in all vaccine and variant strains. An up-regulation of MDA5 was seen at 24 hpi in Mass serotype strains, vir793B, 793B1 and QX strains. This study demonstrates successful use of the in vitro TOC model for distinguishing differences in virulence and replication rates among the vaccine IBV strains. Four of the vaccine strains used above were included in an in vivo experiment to validate previous data using a chicken host model. Following inoculation of different vaccine strains in SPF chicks, the immunopathogenesis was evaluated. IBV vaccines (Mass1, Mass2, 793B1 and 793B3) were administered by the oculo-nasal route and chicks were monitored daily for clinical signs. At 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 14 dpi, OP and CL swabs were collected for virus detection, and blood was collected for antibody assay. Necropsy was carried out on 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 14 dpi, with gross lesions observed and tracheal tissues collected for qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry (CD4+ and CD8+), histopathology and host innate immune gene expressions. Respiratory signs started from 3 dpi. Viral load was lower in the 793B3 group at 5-7 dpi, compared to other groups. Higher expression of IFN-β was seen at 3 dpi in 793B groups, whereas793B1 showed a lower expression of TLR3 at 5-7 dpi compared to other groups. Down-regulation of IL-6 was seen at 7-9 dpi in all inoculated groups except for Mass2. There was higher up-regulation of MYD88 in the tracheal tissue in all inoculated groups. There was higher up-regulation of IFN-γ at 7-9 dpi in Mass1 and Mass2 compared to the control and 793B1 and 793B3. From lachrymal fluid, tracheal washes and tracheal tissue there was higher up-regulation in IgG expression in the all inoculated groups at 9-14 dpi. In Mass2 and 793B3, there was higher up-regulation of IgA in the tracheal tissue at 7-9 dpi. The 793B1 inoculated groups demonstrated higher cell mediated immune responses, represented by higher CD8β gene expression in the period of 5-9 dpi, and higher cell counts of CD4+ and CD8+ at 14 dpi. Results demonstrated that the in vivo were generally comparable to in vitro findings. This demonstrates that large number of IBV live vaccines could be screened for virulence and early immune responses using TOCs, instead of birds.
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41

Harrison, Sally M. "Characterisation of the interaction of infectious bronchitis virus with cyclin Dl." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485777.

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The cell cycle describes the growth and division of cells and is split into five distinct phases, GO, Gl, S, G2 and M. Each stage of the cell cycle is controlled by both positive and negative regulatory molecules, including cyclins, their partner molecules the cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs). The relationship between the cell cycle and virus infection is well characterised for DNA and retroviruses, but less so with RNA viruses. This study 'investigated the relationship between the coronavirus infectious bronchitis viI1}s (mV), (a major pathogen of chickens causing severe economic losses to poultry' producing countries) and the G1 phase cell cycle regulatory molecule cyclin D1. Cyclin D1 has been shown to be reduced in mv-infected cells with an arrest ofinfected cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle. This study shows that the reduction of cyclin D I is post transcriptional and independent of the cell cycle stage at the 'time of infection. siRNA analysis was also used to investigate' whether the reduction' of cyclin D1 was essential for virus replication. The mechanism of cyclin D1 nuclear export and degradation in mv-infected cells was determined by the use of MG132, which inhibits the cellular proteasome, LiCI, an inhibitor of glycogen synthase three beta (GSK 3~) and leptomycin B (LMB), which inhibits chromosome region maintenance-l (CRM-l) mediated nuclear export. Confocal microscopy and Western blot analysis indicated that LiCI, LMB and MG132 stabilised cyclin D1 levels in mvinfected cells, although a population of cyclin 'D I appeared to be reduced independently of GSK 3~, potentially by a virus mediated mechanism. These studies 'also lead to LiCI possibly being a novel inhibitor ofmv in cell culture. , The virus protein(s) responsible for inducing the phenotypic G2 phase arrest and reduction of cyclin Dr in mY-infected cells was also investigated, using the mv nucleocapsid (N) and accessory protein 5a as candidates. Neither of these proteins however appeared to induce the G2 phentoype, although the mv 5aprotein did appear to reduce cyclin D1. Over expression studies showed that mv 5a induced some cell cycle perturbations, which were then confirmed by the use of reverse genetics in which 'the 5a ORF had been knocked out. Thisleads.to t?e hypothesis that the induction of the G2 phenotype could be regulated by multiple virus proteins.
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42

Pelkonen, Anna. "Bronchial lability in schoolchildren born very preterm." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2000. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/kliin/vk/pelkonen/.

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43

Hill, Adam T. "Bronchial inflammation in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1999. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/38960/.

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Chronic bronchitis was first recognised as a disabling disorder in 1808. It is often a feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and recent studies have shown that the neutrophil and in particular neutrophil elastase, released by activated neutrophils, is implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis including the facilitation of bacterial colonisation. The degree of neutrophil influx has been shown to be associated, not only with worse lung function, but also the rate of progression of airflow obstruction. Many patients with chronic bronchitis are colonised with bacteria in the stable clinical state but it is not known how this affects upper airways inflammation, disease progression, frequency of exacerbations, or quality of life. Secretory leukoprotease inhabitor is thought to be the most critical anti-elastase in the upper airways whereas alpha-1-antitrypsin is thought to be less important, although more important at the alveolar level protecting against the development of emphysema. Patients with homozygous PiZ alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency have decreased circulating (15-20% normal) and alveolar concentrations of alpha-1-antitrypsin which facilitate the development of early onset and rapidly progressive emphysema. About 30-40 % of these patients also have chronic bronchitis although the nature of the upper airways inflammation has not been studied. There have been few studies assessing the complex interplay of inflammatory cells and appropriate mediators in patients with chronic bronchitis. The first study in this thesis investigated patients with chronic bronchitis and a wide spectrum of neutrophil influx to assess the relationships between: neutrophil influx (as reflected by sputum myeloperoxidase concentration) and the chemoattractants interleukin 8 and leulcotriene B4; active neutrophil elastase and the chemoattractants (interleukin 8 and leukotriene B4), its own inhabitor secretory leukoprotease inhibitor, and bronchial protein leak (leakage of albumin from serum into the airways); and finally FEV1 (% predicted) and myeloperoxidase, interleukin 8 and leukotriene B4, secretory leukoprotease inhibitor, and bronchial protein leak. The results showed that both interleukin 8 and leukotriene B4 correlate with the degree of neutrophil influx and elastase activity, although the relationship with interleukin 8 and neutrophil influx appeared to be curvilinear. Elastase activity that exceeded 50nM was associated with decreased levels of secretory leukoprotease inhabitor and increased levels of bronchial protein leak. Patients with chronic bronchitis without alpha-1- antitrypsin deficiency showed a negative correlation between FEV1 (% predicted) and myeloperoxidase, interlexikin 8 and leukotriene B4, and bronchial protein leak. Although the interrelationships were often significant, they were complex, and further understanding the interaction of various mediators will require the development of specific antagonists and appropriately designed intervention studies. The second study investigated the effect of bacterial colonisation, bacterial load, and bacteria themselves on upper airways inflammation in patients with chronic bronchitis. The third study assessed upper airways inflammation in patients with chronic bronchitis with and without PiZ alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency in the stable clinical state, to determine the importance of alpha-1-antitrypsin in the upper airways and the effects of continued smoking. The final study assessed upper airways inflammation in patients with and without alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency during an acute exacerbation. This study revealed that there was excessive upper airways inflammation in patients with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency which was probably due to the low baseline alpha-1-antitrypsin levels and the reduced acute phase response.
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44

Thomas, Rebecca Ann. "Effect of stretch on the bronchial epithelium." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29487.

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This thesis describes the use of a model of cell deformation to measure the effect of stretch on mediator release or expression by airway epithelial cells, and to assess the method of mechanotransduction in these cells. Cells were cyclically stretched using the Flexercell system delivering biaxial stretch. IL-8 release by BEAS 2B cells was increased by cytokine stimulation and stretch, in a dose, time and rate dependent manner, whereas RANTES levels in the cell supernatant and cell surface ICAM-1 expression decreased after stretch. 30% elongation at 20 cycles/minute for 24 hours increased IL-8 levels by over 100% (p<0.01). Changes in IL-8 and RANTES RNA correlated with the effect on protein levels. Stretch did not adversely effect cell viability. The novel use of primary bronchial epithelial cells in stretch experiments is reported, with, in contrast to the BEAS 2B cell line, no effect of stretch on IL-8 release by these cells.;To interpret how the cells were sensing the stretch stimulus, signalling via integrins was blocked using an inhibitor of Rho (R&barbelow;as Homologous) associated kinases, which inhibited the effect of stretch on IL-8 release by the BEAS 2B cells, but not the effect on RANTES release or ICAM-1 expression. Blocking individual integrins did not affect the stretch response. Paxillin was visualised by indirect immunofluorescence to study the effect of stretch on the distribution of focal contacts and the organisation of the actin cytoskeleton. This demonstrated that stretch caused dramatic disassembly of focal adhesions and resulted in the redistribution of paxillin to the peri-nuclear region.
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45

Ozier, Annaïg. "Etude physiopathologique de l'inflammation et du remodelage bronchique dans l'asthme." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR21810/document.

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L’asthme se caractérise par une hyperréactivité, une inflammation et un remodelage bronchique. Les travaux exposés dans cette thèse ont permis, grâce à une approche transversale et multidisciplinaire basée sur l’étude physiopathologique de l’inflammation et du remodelage bronchique dans l’asthme, (i) de préciser l’intérêt de la mesure du NO exhalé chez l’asthmatique contrôlé, (ii) de déterminer la faisabilité du micro-scanner pour imager in vivo le remodelage bronchique grâce à la mesure non invasive de la densité péri-bronchique normalisée, et (iii) d’analyser le rôle de la chitinase YKL-40 dans la genèse du remodelage musculaire lisse
Asthma is characterized by bronchial hyperresponsiveness, inflammation and remodelling. We used a translational and multidisciplinary approach to (i) clarify the interest of measuring exhaled NO in controlled asthmatics, (ii) determine the interest of micro-computed tomography for assessing bronchial remodelling in vivo by non-invasive measurement of the normalized peribronchial attenuation, and (iii) analyze the role of chitinase YKL-40 in smooth muscle remodelling
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46

Casset, Anne. "Etude de l'influence de facteurs physiques (taille des particules) et chimiques (formaldéhyde) sur la réponse bronchique aux allergènes d'acariens." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR14966.

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Depuis les travaux de Tiffeneau menés dans les années 40, peu d'équipes se sont intéressées à l'impact de la taille des particules sur la réponse bronchique. Pourtant, les caractéristiques aérodynamiques des particules portant les allergènes pourraient expliquer certaines différences entre les doses provoquant les symptômes en conditions réalistes et lors de tests de provocation bronchique (TPB). D'autres facteurs pourraient également intervenir comme l'exposition concomitante à des polluants chimiques ou biologiques. Nous avons d'abord étudié l'influence de la taille des particules portant l'allergène sur la réponse bronchique de sujets asthmatiques lors de 3 TPB réalisés avec des aérosols dont les particules avaient un diamètre moyen de 1,1; 5,6 et 9,7µm. Nous avons montré que pour les grandes particules (9,7µm), déposées principalement dans les voies proximales, les symptômes immédiats apparaissaient pour une dose d'allergène 8-9 fois moindre que pour les petites particules (1,1µm) à dépôt périphérique. Puis, nous avons montré qu'une exposition préalable de 30 min au formaldéhyde à une concentration proche de 100µg m-3 (valeur guide OMS) était un facteur aggravant des réponses bronchiques immédiate et tardive aux allergènes d'acariens chez des sujets asthmatiques sensibilisés. Notre travail a confirmé l'importance des voies aériennes proximales dans la réponse bronchique immédiate. Il devrait amener à reconsidérer la taille des particules utilisées lors des TPB aux allergènes et celle des médicaments inhalés. D'autre part, nos résultats ont révélé que les concentrations de formaldéhyde rencontrées en milieu domestique sont capables d'aggraver la réponse à l'allergène. Ce polluant chimique pourrait être impliqué, comme d'autres facteurs non allergéniques (endotoxines, effets biologiques propres aux allergènes) dans le développement de la réponse inflammatoire bronchique. Il conviendrait d'en limiter les émissions afin d'améliorer la qualité de l'air intérieur
Since Tiffeneau's work in the forties, only few researchers had been interested in particle sizes and their importance on bronchial response. Aerodynamic characteristics of particles carrying the allergens could explain differences between doses inducing symptoms at home or during bronchial challenge test (BCT). However several other factors such as concomitant exposure to chemical or biological pollutants could also be involved. We studied the influence of sizes of the particles carrying the allergen Der p 1 on bronchial response of asthmatic subjects during BCTs. We used aerosols of particles with a mean aerodynamic diameter of 1. 1, 5. 6 and 9. 7µm. Our results showed that immediate symptoms appeared with an 8-9 fold lower dose of allergen carried on the large particles (9. 7µm), primarily deposited on proximal airways, than on the small ones (1. 1µm) with peripheral deposition. Secondarily we observed the aggravating effect of a 30min inhalation of formaldehyde at a concentration close to 100µg m-3 (safe levels as per WHO guidelines) on the immediate and late bronchial response to mite allergen in asthmatics sensitised to mite. Our study thus indicates that the immediate bronchial response originates in the proximal airways and indicates a need to reconsider the choice of particle sizes used during allergen BCT and in inhaled medications. Our results obtained with formaldehyde exposure before the allergen BCT indicate that formaldehyde levels encountered in some households might enhance the response to allergens. This chemical pollutant could contribute, as other non allergenic factors (such as endotoxins or the biological effects of allergens) to the development of the inflammatory bronchial response. Therefore, emissions of formaldehyde should be limited in order to improve indoor air quality
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47

Raj, G. Dhinakar. "Studies on pathogenicity and immunopathogenesis of infectious bronchitis virus infection in chickens." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321164.

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48

Hall, Ross Howden. "The role of infectious bronchitis virus accessory proteins 3a, 3b and 4b." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2017. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3028614/.

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Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a respiratory disease in domestic fowl caused by the gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Current approaches to combat this disease are hindered due to vaccines unable to cross-protect against the many different strains of IBV. To develop novel therapies or more crossprotective vaccines, a better understanding of IBV molecular biology is required. IBV is known to express four accessory proteins, 3a, 3b, 5a, and 5b, as well as a sub-genomic RNA that has the potential to code for an additional 11 kDa protein, referred to as 4b. The role of this sub-genomic RNA is not known, as is whether this transcript is translated during infection. IBV accessory proteins are dispensable for replication and are thought to play a role in virulence or pathogenicity. The functions of 3a and 3b are unknown, although they have been shown to play a part in the interferon response in a yet unknown manner. Using in vitro assays and mass spectrometry, the mechanism of action of 3a on the interferon response was determined. IBV 3a inhibits and stimulates interferon expression in a dose-dependent manner by regulating the turnover of interferon signalling proteins, MAVS and IRF7. Flow cytometry has identified a role for IBV 3b in inducing apoptosis during infection, possibly by interacting with apoptotic proteins VDAC2 or BAG6. Lastly, using an antibody raised against the predicted 4b peptide sequence, 4b was detected during infection, confirming it as the fifth IBV accessory protein. Furthermore, mass spectrometry was utilised to identify a role for 4b in regulating cellular translation and the stress granule response. Accessory proteins are highly conserved in the many different strains of IBV and are usually pathogenicity factors making them potential targets for novel therapies. Researching the role of these accessory proteins is essential to understand how IBV causes IB and for the development of more targeted therapies or more cross-protective vaccines.
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49

Christie, Gordon L. "Outcomes in families of middle aged probands with asthma and wheezy bronchitis." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1998. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU116228.

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Childhood wheezing illness encompasses at least two overlapping clinical sydromes - atopic asthma and wheeze only in the presence of upper respiratory tract infection ("wheezy bronchitis"). Despite intense interest in the genetics of asthma and atopy the familial associations of childhood wheezing syndromes have been little studied. This study reports outcomes in a total of 506 individuals in 69 three generation families ascertained through well defined middle aged probands with childhood onset atopic asthma, wheezy bronchitis and neither symptoms nor atopy. Symptomatic outcomes in children of wheezy bronchitic probands were better than in children of asthmatic probands. Despite this lung function in male children of wheezy bronchitic probands was poorer than in either other group. Trends towards poorer lung function in parents and siblings of wheezy bronchitic probands suggest a heritable effect on lung function. Children of asymptomatic, non atopic probands had high levels of respiratory symptoms and specific atopic sensitisation implying recent environmental influences affecting a group at low genetic risk for asthma. Outcomes in probands siblings did not differ suggesting that familial effects in middle age are limited. Total serum IgE levels showed evidence of familial aggregation with segregation analysis indicating a recessive major gene effect. Specific atopic sensitisation was lower in families ascertained through non atopic probands except in children where levels of specific atopic sensitisation were uniformly high. There was no evidence for bias introduced by the spouses in the families studied. This study provides further evidence for differences in the aetiology of childhood wheezing syndromes and suggests that there may be heritable effects on symptoms and lung function associated with the wheezy bronchitis phenotype. The outcomes in children of asymptomatic non atopic probands point to the importance of environmental changes in the changing prevalence of asthma in this community over the last generation.
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50

De, Jonckheere Susan. "Studies on the role of the autonomic nervous system in airway hyperreactivity." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358519.

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