Journal articles on the topic 'Broiler chickens'
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Feng, Ze-Qing, Ting Lian, Yong Huang, Qing Zhu, and Yi-Ping Liu. "Expression Pattern of Genes of RLR-Mediated Antiviral Pathway in Different-Breed Chicken Response to Marek’s Disease Virus Infection." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/419256.
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It has been known that the chicken’s resistance to disease was affected by chicken’s genetic background. And RLR-mediated antiviral pathway plays an important role in detection of viral RNA. However, little is known about the interaction of genetic background with RLR-mediated antiviral pathway in chicken against MDV infection. In this study, we adopted economic line-AA broilers and native Erlang mountainous chickens for being infected with MDV. Upon infection with MDV, the expression ofMDA-5was upregulated in two-breed chickens at 4, 7, and 21 d.p.i. It is indicated that MDA-5 might be involved in detecting MDV in chicken. Interestingly, the expression ofIRF-3andIFN-βgenes was decreased in spleen and thymus of broilers at 21 d.p.i, but it was upregulated in immune tissues of Erlang mountainous chickens. And the genome load of MDV in spleen of broiler is significantly higher than that in Erlang mountainous chickens. Meanwhile, we observed that the death of broiler mainly also occurred in this phase. Collectively, these present results demonstrated that the expression patters ofIRF-3andIFN-βgenes in chicken against MDV infection might be affected by the genetic background which sequently influence the resistance of chicken response to MDV.
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Herlina, Herlina, La Ode Nafiu, and Muhammad Amrullah Pagala. "BOBOT TETAS DAN FERTILITAS PADA AYAM KAMPUNG DAN HASIL PERSILANGANNYA." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis 3, no. 3 (September 23, 2016): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jitro.v3i3.2566.
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This study aims to determine the performance of chicken and cross breeding results with laying hens and broilers. A total of 3 male chickens and 15 chickens Kampung females, 3 males laying chickens and 10 chickens laying females, and 3 chickens stud broiler. The variables observed were egg weight, fertility, hatchability, hatching weight. Data were analyzed with General Linear Model (GLM). Data on hatch weight, egg weight, fertility and hatchability were analyzed based on different breed. If there is a difference between treatments then a further test with Duncan Multiple Test is performed. The results showed that the performance of chicken and crossbreeding with laying and broiler chickens had significant effect (P <0,05) on egg weight, fertility, hatchability based on different nation and weight of hatch, body weight, heterosis and growth based on breed and different sex. Key Word : Performance, Crossbreeding, Kampung Chicken, Broiler, Layer.
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Romanovych, L. V., B. M. Kurtyak, M. S. Romanovych, O. I. Vishchur, and D. I. Mudrak. "Influence of vitamins E and C on the indices of pseudoeozinofiles fagocytosis in chickens broilers blood of cross ROSS-308." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 92 (December 28, 2018): 169–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/10.32718/nvlvet9235.
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The purpose of the research was to clarify the effect of chicken broilers feeding in the composition of mixed fodder with Vitamins E and C on the cellular link of non-specific resistance of the organism and, in particular, the parameters of pseudoiesinophils phagocytosis in blood. The research was carried out on chickens broiler – 308 grown in the farm “Fedyuk M” in the Zolochiv district of Lviv region. The keeping of the chickens was cellular with free access to feed and water. Experiments were conducted in 4 groups of broiler chickens of 100 chicks in each according to the scheme: the control group was fed with the standard feed (SC) according to the existing norms recommended for the cross ROSS-308; the first experimental group in addition to the SC received vitamin Е 1g/10 kg of mixed fodder; the second experimental group received vitamin C 2.5 g/10 kg of mixed fodder; the third experimental groups in addition to the ration received Vitamin C 2.5 g/10 kg and Vitamin E 1 g/10 of mixed fodder. For carrying out of immunological researches in chickens blood was taken in different age periods: 27-, 34- and 41-day-old age. In the whole blood, the phagocytic activity of pseudoiesinophils (FA), phagocytic index (FI) and phagocytic number (FF) were determined. For research, the daily culture of Escherichia coli (strain VKM-125) was used. The stimulatory effect of vitamins E and C in the composition of mixed fodder for chicken broiler broilers on the indices of pseudoiesinophils phagocytosis of blood was determined. As evidenced by a significantly higher phagocytic activity, phagocytic index and phagocytic count of pseudoiselinophils in blood of chickens in the experimental groups by comparison with the control group. At the same time there was a direct correlation between phagocytic activity and phagocytic index and index in blood of chickens broiler in experimental groups. At the same time, the ability of blood pseudoiesinophils to phagocytosis of microbial cells was higher in chicken broilers, which were fed with vitamin E and C.
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Nurmi, Aisyah, Melia Afnida Santi, Nurainun Harahap, and Muharram Fajrin Harahap. "PERSENTASE KARKAS DAN MORTALITAS BROILER DAN AYAM KAMPUNG YANG DI BERI LIMBAH AMPAS PATI AREN TIDAK DIFERMENTASI DAN DIFERMENTASI DALAM RANSUM." JURNAL ILMIAH PETERNAKAN TERPADU 6, no. 3 (April 28, 2019): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jipt.v6i3.p134-139.
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The objectives of this research were to study the percentage of carcass of broiler and native chicken given arenga waste fermentation by Saccaromyces cerevisiae and to study arenga waste unfermentation in the ration. Sixty of broiler chickens Arbor Acres strain and sixty native chickens were divided into four dietary treatments and three replications (10 birds/replicate). The design of this experiment was completely randomized design factorial 2x2, with factor A was feeding (A1 : arenga waste unfermented, A2 : arenga waste fermented), and factor B was chicken species (B1:native chickens, B2:broilers). The variables observed were: (1) body weight, (2) carcass, (3) percentage of carcass, and (4) Mortality.The purposes of this study were to look at the effectiveness of rations and species of chicken used for the percentage of carcass and mortality. The results showed that there was no interaction (P> 0.05) between the fed arenga waste fermented or unfermented 2.5% in the ration,and the type of chicken on weight, carcass and carcass percentage, but there was an interaction on mortality (P<0.01). The fed had no significant (P>0,05) effect on weight, carcass, and carcass percentage, but percentage, but significant effect (P <0.05) on mortality. Types of chickens had a significant effect (P <0.05) on weight, carcass, percentage of carcass and mortality. The mortality rate with unfermented arenga waste was high enough, especially in broiler chickens, but it can be tolerated on native chicken and broilers with saccaromyces cerviseae fermented arenga waste. Keywords : Arenga Waste, Fermentation Arenga Waste, Native Chickens, Broiler
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Sahraei, M. "Effects of feed restriction on metabolic disorders in broiler chickens: A review." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 30, no. 1 (2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1401001s.
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Continuous genetic selection and improvement in nutrition have led to a very fast growth rate in modern strains of broiler chickens. Metabolic disorders such as ascits, sudden death syndrome and leg problems are related to a rapid early growth rate in poultry, especially in broilers, and their incidence can be decreased by slowing early growth. The use of management tools to reduce metabolic disorders that rely primarily on decreasing feed consumption, The feed restriction programs is on of the main techniques in growth curve manipulation for increasing production efficiency in broiler chicken in alleviate the incidence of some metabolic disorders and can be used to reduction the unfavorable effects of fast growth rate in broiler chicken production industry, and could be profitable in broiler chickens production efficiency. This article implicated on new findings in about different feed restriction programs effects on these problems in broiler chickens.
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Flannery, A. V., J. S. Easterby, and R. J. Beynon. "Turnover of glycogen phosphorylase in the pectoralis muscle of broiler and layer chickens." Biochemical Journal 286, no. 3 (September 15, 1992): 915–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2860915.
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Glycogen phosphorylase is a major sarcoplasmic protein in chicken pectoralis muscle, constituting approx. 4% of the total protein complement. In slow-growing layer chicks phosphorylase accumulated in parallel with muscle accretion, but in fast-growing broiler chicks the concentration of phosphorylase in the muscle increased (from 5 to 8 mg/g wet wt.) with time. In a 5-week period, the total amount of phosphorylase in the pectoralis muscles increased 18-fold in broiler chicks (from approx. 75 to 1400 mg total), but only 3-fold (from approx. 100 to 270 mg total) in layers. Pyridoxal phosphate, the cofactor of the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase, was used as a specific label to measure the rate of degradation of the enzyme in the pectoralis muscle of growing broiler and layer chickens in vivo. In young animals, the fractional rate of phosphorylase synthesis was similar in broiler and layer chickens (approx. 15%/day), but the rate of degradation in layers (5%/day) was 5-fold higher than in broilers (1%/day). As the animals aged, the rate of synthesis decreased, but more so in layers than in broilers. The rate of degradation of phosphorylase also decreased in layers, but in broilers it remained at the low level seen in young animals. The dramatically higher rate of phosphorylase accretion in the pectoralis muscles of the broilers is therefore achieved by an initial lower rate of degradation combined with a sustained difference between rates of synthesis and degradation.
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Panpipat, Worawan, Manat Chaijan, Supatra Karnjanapratum, Pensiri Keawtong, Pavit Tansakul, Atikorn Panya, Natthaporn Phonsatta, Kittipat Aoumtes, Tran Hong Quan, and Tanyamon Petcharat. "Quality Characterization of Different Parts of Broiler and Ligor Hybrid Chickens." Foods 11, no. 13 (June 28, 2022): 1929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11131929.
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The quality characterization of different parts of male and female Ligor hybrid chickens was investigated and compared with those of commercial broiler. Genotypes, muscle types, and sex had effects on the composition, physicochemical, and textural properties of chicken samples. Ligor hybrid chicken contained higher percentages of protein, moisture, ash, and collagen content but lower fat content than those of commercial broiler (p < 0.05), except in the case of breast, where no significant difference in moisture and ash was observed (p ≥ 0.05). The pH in breast meat of both chickens was lower than that of thigh meat. The color (L*, a*, and b*) values of male and female chickens were not significantly different, except for the L* value of broiler chicken, which was higher in female chickens than in male chickens. Higher cooking loss and shear force were found in male Ligor hybrid chicken. A similar protein pattern was observed for the protein from the same muscle type, irrespective of sex and genotype tested. It was observed that Ligor hybrid chicken contained higher glutamic acid and aspartic acid than commercial broilers. Therefore, Ligor hybrid chicken is a promising new source of nutrition, which can be beneficial for consumers.
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Ogbuewu, Ifeanyi Princewill, and Christian Anayo Mbajiorgu. "Meta-analysis of responses of broiler chickens to Bacillus supplementation: Intestinal histomorphometry and blood immunoglobulin." Open Agriculture 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 465–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0110.
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Abstract The broiler chicken industry needs effective probiotics to boost productivity and health. However, published data on the impact of in-feed Bacillus supplementation on physiological parameters in healthy broiler chickens are often conflicting and inconclusive. As a result, this meta-analysis aimed to assess the influence of Bacillus on intestinal histomorphometry (villus height [VH], crypt depth [CD], and VH:CD) and blood immunoglobulin (A, G, and M) levels in healthy broiler chickens. Results were pooled using a random-effects model and presented as Hedges d (d) at 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The results indicate that Bacillus improves gut histomorphometric variables in broilers with the exception of duodenal and ileal CD, which had comparable values with the controls. Likewise, broiler chickens fed Bacillus had increased blood immunoglobulin (Ig) levels compared to controls (IgA: d = 2.29 mg/mL, 95% CI: 1.54–3.04; IgG: d = 2.17 mg/mL, 95% CI: 1.36–2.98; IgM: d = 1.00 mg/mL, 95% CI: 0.54–1.46) taking cognizance of heterogeneity (I 2 = 96–98%). Subgroup analysis showed that studied moderators (Bacillus species, broiler strain, and dosage and duration of supplementation) influenced the results of the meta-analysis. In conclusion, our results suggested that the inclusion of Bacillus at 0.1–6.0 × 106 colony-forming unit/g in broiler chicken feed enhanced the absorptive capacity of the small intestine and blood immunoglobulin levels of broiler chickens. The findings of this study avail important suggestions on policy advancements and sustainable usage of Bacillus in broiler chicken industry.
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Lerdsuwan, Saichon, Warrapong Nalinanon, and Duangjai Pisuttharachai. "The Effect of Acacia mangium Leaf Feed on Apparent Metabolizable Energy, Growth Performance, and Carcass Composition of Broiler Chickens." ASEAN Journal of Scientific and Technological Reports 25, no. 4 (December 22, 2022): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.55164/ajstr.v25i4.247587.
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The experiments were conducted to determine the apparent metabolizable energy of Acacia mangium leaf meal (AMLM) and the effect on growth performance and carcass composition of broiler chickens (Arbor acres). Twenty-four broiler chickens at the age of 24 days were divided into 2 groups with four replications of two chickens raised individually in a cage. The apparent metabolizable energy of AMLM-feeding chicken was 2,359.90 kcal/kg. Experimental diets consisted of AMLM 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% feeding for 161 one-day-old unsexed broiler chickens and were randomly assigned to five groups with four replications of eight chickens in a completely randomized design. Feed and water were offered ad-libitum throughout the experimental period. At the age of 45 days, 2 broilers per replicate were slaughtered, and the carcass was determined. The results indicated that broiler chickens fed AMLM diets were not significantly different in weight gain, average daily gain and feed intake compared to the control diet (P>0.05). But chickens fed AMLM had decreased feed conversion ratio than the control (P<0.05). In addition, broiler chickens fed AMLM diets were not significantly different in all carcass composition parameters compared to the control diet (P>0.05). It is concluded that the AMLM contained 10% in diets does not affect broiler chickens' growth performance and carcass composition.
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Saragih, H. T., A. A. K. Muhamad, Alfianto Alfianto, F. Viniwidihastuti, L. F. Untari, I. Lesmana, H. Widyatmoko, and Z. Rohmah. "Effects of Spirogyra jaoensis as a dietary supplement on growth, pectoralis muscle performance, and small intestine morphology of broiler chickens." August-2019 12, no. 8 (August 2019): 1233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.1233-1239.
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Aim: This study aimed to examine the effect of dietary Spirogyra jaoensis in starter feed on growth performance, pectoralis muscle (PM) growth, and small intestine morphology of broiler chickens. Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty one-day-old Cobb-500 broilers (body weight 46±2.6 g) were divided into four equal groups with 3 replicates in each group and given basal feed supplemented with dried S. jaoensis at doses of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, or 2%. The treatment was carried out until the chickens were 18 days old to examine growth of broiler chicks at starter period (8-21 days old). Results: Supplementation with S. jaoensis at doses of 0.5% and 1% resulted in increased weight and improved feed conversion ratio compared to the control group. At the end of treatment, chickens fed with 0.5% and 1% S. jaoensis weighed 428.3±47.8 g and 426.9±31.8 g, respectively, and were significantly heavier than the control group (373.1±44.1 g). Furthermore, parameters related to PM growth and small intestine morphology of chickens supplemented with 0.5% S. jaoensis in basal feed were improved compared to the control group. Conclusion: The results of this research indicate that S. jaoensis at a dose of 0.5% improves growth performance, PM growth, and small intestine morphology in broiler chickens. Keywords: broiler chicken, feed supplement, pectoralis muscle growth, small intestine, Spirogyra jaoensis.
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Fafiolu, A. O., and J. O. Alabi. "Diet matrix of stored proprietary feeds: Implications on growth response, health status and carcass yield of broiler chickens." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 47, no. 4 (December 17, 2020): 139–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v47i4.82.
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This study examined growth responses, health status and carcass yield of broiler chickens from 22 to 42 days of age provided with proprietary finished feeds (4 brands; P, Q, R & S) exposed to two storage conditions (lit or dark room) for four weeks. Four hundred and eighty chicks (802.7±14.3 g), at 21-day-old, were randomly allocated to eight groups of 60 chicks each (6 replicates; 10 birds each). Broiler chickens were fed one of the eight resultant diets from storage exercise for 21 d. Results revealed that performance of finishing broiler chickens were influenced by both the main and interaction effects of feed brands and storage condition. Chickens fed feeds stored in dark room gained 5.39% heavier weight with better FCR (5.07%) and higher (P<0.001) crude fat (2.97%), protein (2.36%), fibre (2.43%) and ash (3.89%) digestibilities compared to birds fed feeds stored in lit room. Chickens fed with feed R had higher (P<0.05) PCV, RBC, total protein, albumin, and uric acid. Duodenal and ileal villus height (VH) and villus to crypt ratio (VCR) were higher in broilers fed feed R stored in dark room, whereas jejunal VH and VCR were higher in birds fed feed Q stored in dark room. Salmonella and lactobacillus counts were greater in birds fed feeds R and S stored in lit room, respectively. Higher (P=0.008) dressed yield was obtained in broilers fed feed S stored in lit room. The study revealed that exposure of similar or different finished feeds to varying storage conditions would impart broiler's performance differently.
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Sahraei, M. "Feed restriction in broiler chickens production." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 28, no. 2 (2012): 333–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1202333s.
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The feed restriction program is on of the main techniques in growth curve manipulation for increasing production efficiency in broiler chicken. Quantities and qualitative feed restriction are procedures that can be used to manipulate the feeding strategies of poultry in order to decrease growth and metabolic rate to some extent and so alleviate the incidence of some metabolic diseases such as ascites, lameness, mortality, and sudden death syndrome and so improving feed conversion and reducing feed cost. Also to produce a leaner bird and reduce the unfavourable effects of fat on human health, and to reduce fat deposition in broiler carcasses using of feed restriction programs can be profitable in broiler chickens production. This article surveys new findings in feed restriction of broilers and evaluates the application of feed restriction methods to broiler chicken production.
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Hen, Gideon, Sara Yosefi, Victoria Simchaev, Dmitry Shinder, Victor J. Hruby, and Miriam Friedman-Einat. "The melanocortin circuit in obese and lean strains of chicks." Journal of Endocrinology 190, no. 2 (August 2006): 527–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.06783.
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Agonists of membranal melanocortin 3 and 4 receptors (MC3/4Rs) are known to take part in the complex control mechanism of energy balance. In this study, we compared the physiological response to an exogenous MC3/4R agonist and the hypothalamic expression of proopic melanocortin (POMC) gene, encoding few MC3/4R ligands, between broiler and layer chicken strains. These strains, representing the two most prominent commercial strains of chickens grown for meat (broilers) and egg production (layers), differ in their food intake, fat accumulation, and reproductive performance and, therefore, form a good model of obese and lean phenotypes, respectively. A single i.v. injection of the synthetic peptide melanotan-II (MT-II; 1 mg/kg body weight) into the wing vein of feed-restricted birds led to attenuation of food intake upon exposure to feeding ad libitum in both broiler and layer chickens. A study of the POMC mRNA encoding the two prominent natural MC3/4R agonists, α-MSH and ACTH, also revealed a general similarity between the strains. Under feeding conditions ad libitum, POMC mRNA levels were highly similar in chicks of both strains and this level was significantly reduced upon feed restriction. However, POMC mRNA down-regulation upon feed restriction was more pronounced in layers than in broilers. These results suggest: (i) a role for MC3/4R agonists in the control of appetite; (ii) that the physiological differences between broilers and layers are not related to unresponsiveness of broiler chickens to the satiety signal of MC3/4R ligands. Therefore, these findings suggest that artificial activation of this circuit in broiler chicks could help to accommodate with their agricultural shortcomings of overeating, fattening, and impaired reproduction.
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Fotina, T., A. Berezovsky, R. Petrov, O. Shkromada, A. Nechiporenko, O. Fotin, and P. Bondarenko. "Changes in the chemical composition of broiler meat when chelated compounds are added to the diet." Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences 5, no. 1 (April 27, 2022): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/ujvas5-1.07.
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The paper considers the use of chelated forms of micronutrients for feeding broilers. The study aims to investigate the chemical composition of broiler meat in the case of broiler chickens of Cobb-500 cross, provided Zn, Cu, and Mn chelated forms are supplied to the diet. Experimental studies were conducted in 2020 on broiler chickens of Cobb-500 cross. Two groups of 20 birds were formed to study the chemical composition of poultry meat. The birds of the control group received an essential diet supplied with sulfates of Zn, Cu, and Mn. The birds of the experimental group received a diet enriched with chelated compounds of Zn, Cu, and Mn. The study has shown that introducing Zn, Cu, and Mn chelated compounds into the diet of broiler chickens has no adverse effect on the chemical composition of meat. It has also been determined that the meat of broilers eating feed supplied with chelated micronutrients contains significantly less cholesterin but more Ca, Zn, Cu, and Mn, and several essential amino acids. These indicators prove an increase in the health benefits of chicken meat.
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Malahubban, Masnindah, and A. A. Zakry. "Effect of Supplementing Ground Leaf of Misai (Orthosiphon stamineus) in Diet on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens." Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 27, no. 2 (August 11, 2022): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v27i2.2982.
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The use of herbs in animal nutrition is one of the important approaches in overcoming the disadvantages of excessive use of artificial chemicals in animal nutrition. The present study was done to evaluate response of broilers feeding on a diet supplemented with the ground leaf of misai (Orthosiphon stamineus). The birds in this, study were 160 one-day-old male broiler chickens, given ad libitum water and feed for up to 20 days. Treatments were given to 21-day-old male broiler chickens. Data was collected and evaluated after slaughtering 42-day- male broiler chickens. It was shown that supplementing broiler diets with O. stamineus powdered leaf at a rate of 8 g/kg resulted in growth performance comparable to tetracycline and Vitamin E supplementation. It was also shown that supplementing the diet with 8 g/kg O. stamineus had a blood enzyme-lowering effect. In broilers receiving tetracycline supplementation, however, significant serum enzyme activity was observed. Results also showed that 8 g/kg of ground O. stamineus leaf in the diet was equivalent to 200 mg/kg Vitamin E supplementation. Therefore, O. stamineus leaf powder can promote organic, safe, and sustainable broiler chicken production, and as diet supplement.
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Kamaludin, Kamaludin, P. W. Dzikrillah, M. F. Azhoheru, Suhendrian Suhendrian, W. Hardiansyah, D. D. Putri, and G. G. Maradon. "Manajemen usaha Ayam Pedaging Jantan dan Betina dengan Penambahan Suplemen Organik Cair." PETERPAN (Jurnal Peternakan Terapan) 1 (December 26, 2019): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.25181/peterpan.v1i1.1476.
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This study aims to determine the growth of broiler chickens and analyze the feasibility of broiler farming with the addition of liquid organic supplements. Liquid organic supplements (SOC) or also called probiotics contain Lactobacillus sp, Azetobacter sp, Basiluss sp, vitamins, and minerals. SOC can increase antibodies, reduce stress levels, suppress the onset of disease, help stimulate appetite, and accelerate the growth of broiler chicken. Broilers are divided into 4 treatments female broilers without SOC, male broilers without SOC, female broilers with the addition of SOC, and treatment of male broilers with the addition of SOC. Based on the results and discussion the highest PBB is obtained by male chicken with SOC. Feasibility analysis shows that all treatments are feasible, B/C (3.11) and R/C (3.18) values of treatments added by SOC are higher than treatments without SOC.Keywords: Broiler, Feasibility Analysis, SOC
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Abdullahi Raji, Abdullahi, Aini Ideris, Mohd Hair Bejo, and Abdul Rahman Omar. "Molecular Detection, Characterisation and Serological Survey of Chicken Astrovirus from Broiler Flocks in Malaysia." Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology 30, no. 2 (March 18, 2022): 1641–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/pjst.30.2.43.
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Astroviruses have been associated with enteric and extra-intestinal disorders in many animal species, including chickens. Here, we describe the detection and characterisation of chicken astrovirus (CAstV) in broilers and its seroprevalence in broiler breeder flocks. Based on PCR protocol, viral confirmation was carried out on clinical tissue samples from broiler chickens suffering from uneven growth and poor performance. The tissues were molecularly detected for CAstV with differential diagnostic testing against the Newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, avian nephritis virus, avian rotavirus, fowl adenovirus and avian reovirus. Polymerase gene-based phylogenetic analyses of the twenty samples detected positive for CAstV indicate they belong to Group I and are related to strains from the US, UK, India and Poland. From these 20 samples, CastV could be isolated from 3 samples upon inoculation in 5-day-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs (ECE); virus-infected embryos showed dwarfing, haemorrhages, oedema and gelatinous lesions at harvest. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results revealed a high prevalence of antibodies against CAstV amongst the broiler breeder flocks tested. It is the first study that describes the detection and prevalence of CAstV in broiler chickens and broiler breeder flocks in Malaysia.
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Salu, Modesta, Charles Venirius Lisnahan, and Oktovianus R. Nahak. "Effect of Calcium Level in Feed on Blood Profile of Broiler Chicken." Journal of Tropical Animal Science and Technology 3, no. 2 (August 22, 2021): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32938/jtast.v3i2.1205.
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This study aims to determine the effect of calcium supplementation in feed on the blood profile of broilers chickens. This research was conducted in a broiler chicken coop, owned by breeders in Sasi Village, Kefamenanu City District, North Central East District. This research was conducted from July to August 2020. This study used 96 broilers. The method used in this was a completely randomized design consisting of 4 replications and 4 treatments. The treatments given were T0 (control diet), T1 (calcium supplementation 1,00 %), T2 (calcium supplementation 1,50 %), T3 (calcium supplementation 2,00 %). The variables observed in this study were the content of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and blood leucocytes. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance. Analysis of variance showed that the treatment had no significant effect on erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and leucocytes of broiler chickens. It was concluded that the addition of calcium in feed at different levels did not increase the content of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and leucocytes of broiler chickens aged 6 weeks.
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Sumona, Nasrin Akter, Khondoker Jahengir Alam, Md Yeasin Arafat, and Imam Hasan. "Humoral immune response against Newcastle disease virus and its pathological changes in vaccinated chickens in selected areas of Barisal district in Bangladesh." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 6, no. 2 (July 7, 2020): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v6i2.48046.
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The objectives of this study were to evaluate humoral immunity against Newcastle disease (ND) virus in vaccinated chickens in terms of serum HI antibody titers in broiler and layer chickens and to determine pathological changes in vaccinated chickens. A total of 240 serum samples were collected from broiler (135) and layer (105) chickens from Barishal Sadar, Babugonj and Gournadi Upazilas of Barishal district in Bangladesh after two weeks of scheduled vaccination programme. The overall detection of Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies against Newcastle disease virus was 62.2% in broiler and 83.8% in layer chickens. The percentages of specific HI antibody titer in broiler chickens were 57.5, 70 and 48 in 1-2 weeks, 3-4 weeks, and 4-above weeks age groups respectively where in layer chickens were 85, 80, 90, 80 and 80 in 15-24 weeks, 25-34 weeks, 35-44 weeks, 45-54 weeks and > 55 weeks of age groups respectively. For both broiler and layer chicken’s protective antibody titers were found higher in adult than in young chickens. Out of 240 samples HI titers of 172 (71.67%) samples were found at protective level, 42 (17.5%) samples were at marginal level and 26 (10.83%) samples were below protective level. Among 26 samples of non-protective level, 21 were broiler and 5 were layer chicken. Out of 26 samples, 10 (38.46%) were found apparently infected with NDV where 8 (38.09%) were broiler and 2 (40%) were layer. The apparently infected birds were diagnosed on the basis of postmortem findings and histopathological lesions. Results of the present investigation may help to design appropriate vaccination schedule for ND in broiler and layer chickens and thus to protect chickens from ND in field condition.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2020, 6(2): 155-167
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Hidayat, Dalila Fadhila, Agus Widodo, Diyantoro Diyantoro, and M. Gandul Atik Yuliani. "The Effect of Providing Fermented Milk on The Performance of Gallus domesticus." Journal of Applied Veterinary Science And Technology 1, no. 2 (October 23, 2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/javest.v1.i2.2020.43-47.
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Backgrounds: Broiler chickens are high productivity livestock. To achieve this productivity, many farmers provide feed additives. Fermented milk is one of the feed additives given through drinking water. Providing feed additives, regularly, will affect the performance of these broilers. Purpose: To investigate the potential of providing fermented milk through drinking water on the performance of broiler chickens. Method: Direct observations and perform calculations on several aspects that support the research. Result: After making observations, it was known that there are differences in the starter phase and the finisher phase. The observation was carried out from the age of 0-27 days. Broiler performance determined by the parameters of feed consumption, chicken body weight, and feed conversion. Conclusion: The observation shows an increase in feed consumption. However, in feed conversion and body weight gain instability is caused by physical conditions, temperature, and palatability in each phase of the broiler chickens.
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Romanovich, L. V., B. M. Kurtyak, М. S. Romanovich, and D. I. Mudrak. "ІНТЕНСИВНІСТЬ ПРОЦЕСІВ ПОЛ У КРОВІ КУРЧАТ–БРОЙЛЕРІВ НА ТЛІ ВАКЦИНАЦІЇ ПРОТИ ХВОРОБИ НЮКАСЛА ТА ЗА ДІЇ ВІТАМІНІВ E ТА C." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology 18, no. 3(70) (September 9, 2016): 200–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet7048.
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The article presents research data on indices of lipid peroxidation (TBA–active products and hydroperoxides lipids) in the blood of broiler chickens on the background of vaccination and disease Nyukasla for the actions of vitamins E and C.The study was conducted on three groups of 100 broiler birds each. Control group fed normal chicken feed. The first research group in addition to poultry feed said received – tocopherol acetate in an amount of 0.1 g/kg feed, the second – ascorbic acid 0.25 g/kg feed. The third research group chickens – tocopherol acetate and ascorbic acid at these doses. For research use blood that was in the chicken after decapitation at different ages: 11–, 27–, 34– and 41–day age. The results of performance of different age groups broiler chickens compared with the value of the index poultry 11–day age for vaccination, and a control group of birds.Studies have shown that the content of intermediate and final products of lipid peroxidation in the blood plasma of broilers depends on the age and period of immunization. Feeding high amounts of vitamin E and C in the composition of feed for broiler chickens caused a reduction (p < 0.05 – 0.001) content in plasma lipid hydroperoxides and TBA–active products. PAUL likely lower rates of broiler chickens research groups suggest reducing the negative impact of stress factors on their bodies on the background of vaccination against the disease Nyukasla. These changes were more pronounced in the blood of chickens, which in addition to the basic diet receiving tocopherol acetate and ascorbic acid.
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Podolian, Ju N. "Effect of probiotics on the chemical, mineral, and amino acid composition of broiler chicken meat." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 7, no. 1 (March 20, 2017): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/20178.
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<p>The experiment was conducted to examine the influence of probiotic preparation on the mineral contamination of the broiler chicken muscles. Investigational product contains probiotic lactic acid bacteria of genus Lactobacillus and Enterococcus. It is proved that additional feeding of probiotic “Entero-active” to broiler chickens increases retention of mineral elements of the fodder. To study the effect of probiotic on chicken meat the contamination of minerals in the experimental poultry meat was researched. The studies proved that the additional use of the studied probiotic supplements with food of broiler chickens allowed increasing phosphorus contamination by 4.7%, magnesium by 3.9% and iron by 46.5% in the pectoral muscles compared with the control group. The use of probiotic for broilers feeding has increased phosphorus by 4.7%, calcium by 4.1 times, iron by 70.5%, zinc by 5.4%, magnesium by 31.5% and copper in 4.2 times in thigh muscles of poultry. Thus, consumption of probiotic preparation by broilers in various doses improves the mineral compound of meat carcasses this meat is also considered as free range food. It was proved that probiotic increases the synthesis of such essential amino acids in the pectoral muscles as lysine by 1.66%, histidine by 0.03%, arginine by 0.38%, threonine by 0.07%, valine by 0.16%, methionine by 0.33%, leucine by 0.1% and phenylalanine by 0.17%. The increasing of level of lysine and histidine respectively by 0.05 and 0.08% is observed in the thigh muscles of broilers under the influence of probiotic. We have proved that the optimal dose for broiler chickens is 0.25% for the age of 1-10 days, 0.1% for the age of 11-28 days, 0.05 % for the age of 29-42 days, the percentage is for broiler chickens feed weight. </p>
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Balami, A. G., J. J. Ndahi, J. J. Gadzama, S. J. Enam, P. A. Abdu, A. M. Wakawa, and T. Aluwong. "Growth Performance of Broilers fed Moringa oleifera Supplemented Feed and Challenged with a very virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus." Sahel Journal of Veterinary Sciences 17, no. 3 (September 28, 2020): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54058/saheljvs.v17i3.109.
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A study was conducted to assess the growth performance of broiler chickens fed Moringa oleifera leaf (MOL) feed supplement and challenged with a very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV). Two hundred and forty day-old Ross 308 hybrid broiler chicks were randomly assigned into groups A, B, C and D of 60 chicks each and were raised in deep litter housing. Broiler starter (BS) and broiler finisher (BF) mash were formulated each with 5% MOL included as part of the feed ingredient for broilers in groups A and B while BS and BF for broilers in groups C and D were formulated without MOL. Broiler chickens in groups A, B and C were challenged at 35 days of age with 0.05 ml of a live vvIBDV, while those in group D served as control. Daily feed intake (DFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and average body weight gain (ABWG) was used to assess the growth performance. At 42 and 49 days of age, significant difference was observed in the feed intake of broilers in groups A, B and C when compared with group D (p = 0.0001). At 49 days of age, broilers in group A and D significantly (p = 0.0001) added more weight than those in groups B and C respectively. Broilers in group B had a significantly (p = 0.0006) lower FCR than those in group A, C and D at 28, 35 and 42 days of age. Despite the challenge with vvIBDV, MOL inclusion in the diet of broiler chickens resulted in reduced DFI, good FCR, increased ABWG and final body weight and carcass weight.
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Nematbakhsh, Sara, Jinap Selamat, Lokman Hakim Idris, and Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis. "Chicken Authentication and Discrimination via Live Weight, Body Size, Carcass Traits, and Breast Muscle Fat Content Clustering as Affected by Breed and Sex Varieties in Malaysia." Foods 10, no. 7 (July 7, 2021): 1575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10071575.
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Nowadays, the high demand for village chickens in Malaysia leads to the fraudulent substitution of indigenous chickens with other cheaper counterparts. Discriminating different chicken breeds based on their phenotypic characteristics is one strategy to avoid chicken adulteration. The main objective of this study was to authenticate and group dominant chicken breeds in Malaysia, including commercial chickens (Cobb, Hubbard, DeKalb) and cross-bred village chickens (Ayam Kampung, Akar Putra). The further discrimination of village chickens from underaged colored broilers (UCBs) (Hubbard, Sasso) was performed based on phenotype traits. The results showed that the breed had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on phenotypic characteristics, while the sex effect was not significant for some characteristics. In the first phase, the most remarkable discriminating factors were abdominal fat weight, breast muscle weight, chest circumference, shank length, and wingspan. However, in the second phase, notable variations in phenotypic characteristics between village chickens and UCBs were not detected. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed the successful separation of village chickens from high-performance breeds (broiler and colored broiler). Nevertheless, there was overlap among observations for Sasso and village chickens, which approved the possible similarities in their phenotypic characteristics. This study showed clear breed clustering, which leads to the chicken authentication based on their phenotypic characteristics.
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Nurmi, Aisyah, Nurainun Harahap, and Melia Afnida Santi. "Performance of Broilers and Native Chickens Fed with Unfermented and Fermented Arenga Waste." Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research 1, no. 2 (August 31, 2018): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/injar.v1i2.311.
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The objectives of this research were to study the performances of broilers and native chicken given arenga waste (APAF) fermentation by Saccaromyces cerevisiae and arenga waste unfermentation (APA) in the ration. Sixty day-old chicks of broiler Arbor Acres strain and sixty native chicken were divided into four dietary treatments and three replications (10 birds/replicate). Design of this experiment was completely randomized design factorial 2x2, with factor A was feeding (A1 = arenga waste unfermentation, A2 = arenga waste fermentation), and factor B was chickens type (B1=native chicken, B2=broilers). The variables observed were: daily weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion. The results showed that the performances of the broiler given fed with unfermented and fermented arenga waste showing no significant differences between all treatments. The results showed that there is an interaction between feeding and chicken type was no significant differences (P>0.05). Conclusion from this research of using fermented and unfermented arenga waste until level of 2.5% in ration showed no significant differences in the performance.
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Yingying, Qiao, Oleksandr Kyselov, and Liu Changzhong. "Effects of ambient temperature on body size and organ development in broilers." Tehnologìâ virobnictva ì pererobki produktìv tvarinnictva, no. 2(158) (November 24, 2020): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9289-2020-158-2-28-35.
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The current study investigated the effect of poultry house temperature change on the growth and development of both broiler chickens themselves and the development of their individual organs. Following 42 days of rearing, results showed that the body oblique length, chest width, chest depth, chest angle, keel length, pelvic width, and tibial length of broilers in the low temperature group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05), while the breast depth of broiler chickens in the high-temperature group was significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, low temperatures significantly increased the function of the heart, liver, spleen and pancreas of broiler chickens (P<0.05). After 7 days of rearing, the bursal index of broilers in the high temperature group was significantly higher than in the control group as well as in the low temperature group (P<0.05). Previous research has established that high and low temperatures significantly affect the growth and development as well as the immunity of broiler chickens, namely that low environmental temperatures have a more adverse effect on broiler chickens than high temperatures. Consequently, using and maintaining high temperatures early in rearing helps to improve the immunity of broilers and improve their performance. The results of our study provides an opportunity to provide both a theoretical and a practical basis for accurate temperature setting in poultry houses for effective breeding of broiler chickens, which will make it possible to increase the productivity of broiler chickens and increase the economic efficiency of the poultry house. Key words: temperature, breeding, body weight, organ development, broilers chickens.
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Pisarikova, B., Z. Zraly, S. Kracmar, M. Trckova, and I. Herzig. "The use of amaranth (genus AmaranthusL.) in the diets for broiler chickens." Veterinární Medicína 51, No. 7 (March 27, 2012): 399–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5560-vetmed.
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The objective of our study was to test amaranth grain or dried biomass in the diet for broiler chickens as a resource of protein replacing animal protein. Further, the effect of amaranth on broiler performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality were assessed in a feeding trial. The experimental groups of broilers were fed feed mixtures with crude amaranth grain (AC), heat processed amaranth grain (AP) or dried above-ground biomass (AB). Control groups (C) received the diet containing animal proteins. The results obtained in the experimental groups of broiler chickens can be compared to the control group in all the production indicators under investigation. On day 42 of the experiment, live weight (g) of female broilers ranged from 2 205.1 ± 152.5 (AP) to 2 254.0 ± 136.5 (C), and that of male broilers from 2 375.1 ± 233.0 (AC) to 2 506.0 ± 286.0 (C). Feed conversion ranged from 1.80 kg in control group of male broiler chickens to 1.91 kg in experimental group of male broilers (AB). Percentage yield in female broiler chickens ranged from 70.8 ± 1.74 (AB) to 72.4 ±3.34(AC) or 72.4 ± 1.98 (C), and in male broilers from 72.8 ±3.55(AP) to 75.1 ±2.44(AB). Our results showed that amaranth can fully replace meat-and-bone meals in the diets for broiler chickens.
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Clement, Augustine, Kwari Dankasa, Igwebuike Uchei, Adamu Bala, and Diarra Siaka. "Nutrient digestibility and growth performance of broiler chickens fed processed tropical sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia (L.)) seed meal based-diets." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 62, no. 4 (2017): 371–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas1704371c.
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The eight-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the nutrient digestibility and growth performance of broiler chickens fed raw or processed Senna obtusifolia seed meal (SOSM). Six experimental diets were compounded to contain 0% SOSM and 20% each of the raw, boiled, soaked, sprouted and fermented SOSM respectively. Two hundred and sixteen (216) broiler chicks were randomly allotted to six (6) dietary treatments in a randomised complete block design with three (3) replicates containing 12 chicks each. Data were collected on nutrient digestibility, feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and mortality. The result of productive performance indicated that feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly (P<0.05) depressed in broiler chickens fed raw, soaked and sprouted Senna obtusifolia seed meal. However, broiler chickens fed fermented SOSM showed better (P<0.05) productive performance that was close to those fed the positive control diet (0% SOSM). The mortality rate did not reveal any particular trend. However, the low mortality rate recorded in the different treatments indicated broiler chicken can tolerate up to 20% of either raw or processed SOSM. Broiler chickens fed raw SOSM recorded lower values for dry matter (63.06%), crude protein (52.46%), ether extract (53.88%), crude fibre (30.72%) and nitrogen-free extract (46.11%) digestibility than those fed the other processed SOSM. The nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens fed fermented SOSM was significantly (P<0.05) better followed by those fed boiled Senna obtusifolia seed meal. For instance, broiler chickens fed fermented Senna obtusifolia seed meal recorded the highest crude protein and ether extract of 69.91 and 70.03% compared to the other processing methods. It can be concluded that 20% fermented SOSM can be incorporated in the diets of broiler chickens with acceptable depreciation in biological performance. Slightly lower levels of boiled SOSM can be included in the diet of broiler chickens but the levels should be ascertained in further studies.
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Suwarta, Suwarta, and Darmadji Darmadji. "PENGARUH MANAJEMEN USAHA DAN MUROTAL AL-QUR’AN SERTA FAKTOR EKONOMI TERHADAP PRODUKSI USAHA TERNAK AYAM BROLIER." JSEP (Journal of Social and Agricultural Economics) 13, no. 3 (November 29, 2020): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jsep.v13i3.18447.
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This study aims to determine: (1) the factors that influence the production of broiler chicken farming, (2) the effect of broiler chicken business management on production, and (3) the effect of murotal Al-Qur'an and other production factors on production. This research was conducted in Malang Regency, with the consideration that Malang Regency is one of the three (3) big broiler-producing districts in East Java. As the unit of analysis is primary data from interviews with broiler breeders who were selected as respondents. The analysis tool uses multiple linear regression models using the natural form (Ln). The results showed that: (1) The production of broiler chicken farming was positively influenced by the number of seeds, the amount of feed, business management, business capacity, murotal Al-Qur'an and the volume of business above the average. Broiler chicken production is negatively affected by the area of the house, the number of dead chickens, and the number of abandoned chickens. Independent variables that do not affect the production of broiler chicken farming are the management of broiler chicken raising and the number of person working days (HKO). To increase production, it is necessary to increase the number of seeds, the amount of feed, optimize the area of the cage, reduce the number of dead chickens, reduce the number of dead chickens, improve business management, increase business capacity, utilize murotal Al-Qur'an and with business volume above average.
Keywords: Production, management, livestock business, murotal Al-Qur'an, broiler chickens
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Adeleye, O. O., E. T. Oginnie, and P. E. Otamere. "Influence of natural pigment sources on growth performance, live and post slaughter skin pigmentation, serum carotenoids and lipid profile of broiler chickens." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 45, no. 2 (December 25, 2020): 165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v45i2.537.
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Carotenoids are bioactive molecules synthesized in plants and are important in thedevelopment of hues in the skin and muscles of chickens, which influence consumerperception and consumption. The extent of absorption and assimilation of carotenoids from different plant-based pigment sources was explored in this study. One hundred and twentyeight day old broiler chicks were allotted to four treatments, four replicates of eight chicks each. Chicks were fed a starter diet for 21 days and thereafter grower-finisher diets containing one of moringa (Moringa oleifera), baobab (Adansonia digitata) leaves, roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) calyces and orange (Citrus x sinensis) rind- at 4% of their diet for 35 days. Skin pigmentation was scored in the apterylum region and shank of live broiler chicken weekly and in the breast, back, vent, shank and abdominal fat of 56 day old broiler chicken post-slaughter using a DSM broiler colour fan. Serum carotenoids measured as red and yellow pigments and serum lipid profile were determined by a spectrophotometric method. Pigmentation was higher in the shank, with visual score ranging from 101.0 – 103.78 and least in the skin of the back ranging from 101.0 – 102.0 (P<0.05), while pigmentation in the vent and breast were similar for chickens on the different dietary treatments. Higher live and post-slaughter skin pigmentation was observed in chickens on moringa diet with visual score ranging from 103.1. – 103.75 and 102.0 – 103.78 respectively, and lower pigmentation in those on roselle diet, ranging from 101.13 – 101.32 and 101.0 – 101.34 respectively. Shank pigmentation score peaked at 21d for chickens on baobab (102.32) and roselle (101.32) diets, and 35d for chickens on themoringa and orange rind (103.75 and 102.06, respectively) diets. Apterylum pigmentation peaked at 21d for chickens on baobab (101.54) and orange (101.40) diets and 28d for chickens on the moringa (102.40) diet. Dietary sources of carotenoids did not significantly influence yellow pigment deposition in the serum between 21-28d of exposure while red pigment deposition in the serum was unaffected by the dietary treatments after 28d of exposure. Yellow pigment composition of serum was significantly (P<0.05) lowest in chickens on moringa diet at 14 and 21d (19.84 and 18.54 ppm). A similar trend was observed for red pigment composition of serum of chickens on moringa diet at 28 and 35d (19.60 and 18.36 ppm). However the serum lipid profile of chickens in the study was not affected by the different pigment sources in their diets. Absorption and assimilation of carotenoids varied for the different carotenoid sources assessed, with Moringa oleifera leaves significantly improving live and post-slaughter pigmentation of broilers.
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AZIZI-CHEKOSARI, Μ., Μ. BOUYE, and AR SEIDAVI. "Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in diets of broiler chickens." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 72, no. 1 (April 9, 2021): 2611. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.26744.
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L-carnitine is a nutritional supplement having fat-burning property and plays an important role in lipid metabolism, energy release, and also improve the production yield, immunity and blood constitute. This paper reviews the effects of L-carnitine on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of broilers. According to the reviewed literature, the application of L-carnitine (50-200 mg/kg) has no significant effect on the growth performance, however, using L-carnitine as much as 300-800 mg/kg resulted to an improvement in the body weight (2226.00-2575.00 g) compared to the control chicks (1998.40-2338.75 g). The feed conversion ratios of the chickens fed the same amount of L-carnitine were 1.66-1.86 kg/kg, which was improved in comparison with the control chicks (1.87-2.09 kg/kg). Abdominal fat of the broiler chickens fed 50-900 mg/kg L-carnitine was 0.98-1.75%, which is lower than the control chicks (1.79-2.16%). For immunity, the antibody titers against the Newcastle virus in the chickens fed 250 mg/kg L-carnitine was between 4.6- 5.5 which is more than control chicks (4.3-5.2). The antibody titer against the influenza virus in the chickens fed the same amount of L-carnitine was between 5.6-6.3, which was more than the control chicks (4.3-5.8). The use of 100-600 mg/kg L-carnitine could reduce triglyceride (90-104.4 mg/dL) compared to the control chicks (125-104.7 mg/dL) and also reduced the cholesterol (109-115 mg/dL) compared to the control chicks (129.25-131 mg/dL). The application of 100-600 mg/kg L-carnitine also could reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL) from 19.1-72.2 mg/dL to 16.5-49.0 mg/dL. However, the application of 100-900 mg/kg L-carnitine had no significant effect on the sensory characteristics of broiler chicken meat. In general, it can be concluded that L-carnitine can be used as a dietary supplement on the health of broiler chickens without any negative effect on growth performance.
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Negm, Eman, Mona Sayed, Moataz Abdelrahman, Ahmed Mohammed, and Madeha Darwish. "Probiotic Effects on Behavior, Stress Indicators and Antioxidant Activity of Transported Broiler Chicken." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 76, no. 1 (2023): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.1186.
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Transportation before slaughtering causes bad effects on chicken welfare and health, but little is known about the effect of probiotic dietary fed in broiler chickens having transport stress. So, this study was designed to detect the effects of two doses of a probiotic (Bacillus subtilis) on some stress indicators, antioxidant activity and fear response of broiler chickens exposed to transportation stress. Two hundred and ten broiler chicks were distributed among 21 floor pens (10 chicks in each pen), each pen was exposed to one of three diet treatments containing a probiotic at 0 (control), 0.25 (0.25X), and 0.5 (0.5X) g/kg. At 35 days old, birds were exposed to transportation and then blood samples were collected for measuring stress and antioxidant markers. The serum corticosterone and cholesterol levels were decreased in probiotic fed birds in comparison with controls (P < 0.05). Compared to control broiler chickens, 0.5X birds had higher levels of catalase and serum superoxide dismutase (P < 0.05). In addition, the 0.5X birds spent less time in the tonic immobility test (P = 0.0427). The results suggest that the probiotic supplement may prove to be an important management tool for the broiler industry to diminish the negative effects of transport stress, potentially safeguarding the welfare and health of broiler chickens.
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Raphael, Wafar James, Ojinnaka Ebere Perpetual, Tarimbuka Isa Luka, Iliya Samuel Deacon, and Shehu Ibrahim Isa. "Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Serum Biochemistry of Broiler Chicken Fed Graded Levels of Sun-Dried Irish Potato Peel Meal." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 5, no. 5 (June 7, 2017): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i5.525-529.1070.
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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of substituting different levels of sun-dried Irish potato peel meal (SPPM) for maize in diets of broiler chickens. Five diets in which SPPM was replaced with 0 (0SPPM), 25 (25SPPM), 50 (50SPPM), 75 (75SPPM) and 100% (100SPPM) of maize in starter and finisher diets for a 8 week period using broiler chickens were examined. A total of 300 two weeks old broilers chicks Anak 2000 were randomly allotted to five experimental diets with six pen per treatment and 10 birds chicks per pen. Body weight and feed intake of broilers, and feed conversion ratio were determined at the beginning and 56th day of the experiment respectively. On day 56, four broilers from each pen were selected and slaughtered to determine some carcass characteristics and serum biochemistry. The result of growth performance showed that 100SPPM decreased daily weight gain of chickens when compared to other SPPM levels (P
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Hidayat, Cecep, Komarudin ., and E. Wina. "Mitigation of Heat Stress in Broiler Chickens with Heat Shock Protein 70 Gene Expression as its Indicator." Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences 30, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v30i4.2563.
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<p class="awabstrak2"><span lang="EN-US">Heat stress is an important issue in broiler chicken farms in tropical countries, such as Indonesia. Heat stress is very detrimental to broiler chickens because reducing production performance, health, and causing mortality. In the condition of heat stress, broilers synthesize Heat Shock Protein (HSP) quickly as the body's response to heat stress. HSP 70 is the most studied HSP group related to heat stress. The objective of this study was to review the nutritional approach that has been done to mitigate heat stress in broiler chickens with the HSP70 gene expression as its indicator. Based on some studies, nutritional approaches that can be taken are through the management of feed availability, supplementation of vitamin C, vitamin E, plant bioactives, amino acids (taurine and glutamine), probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, manan oligo saccharide (MOS) and minerals (selenium, zinc, manganese, chromium). By these approaches, HSP70 gene expression decreased indicating that the heat stress level of broiler chicken also reduced. It can be concluded that the nutritional approach can be used as a method for heat stress mitigation in broilers with the HSP70 gene expression indicator. </span></p>
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Farzana, N., M. Habib, MH Ali, MA Hashem, and MS Ali. "Comparison of meat yield and quality characteristics between indigenous chicken and commercial broiler." Bangladesh Veterinarian 34, no. 2 (December 30, 2018): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bvet.v34i2.49889.
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Yield and quality of meats from commercial broiler and indigenous chickens weighing one kg each were studied during different periods of refrigeration. The chicken carcasses were stored at -20oC for 30 days and were analyzed on 0, 15 and 30 days. Carcass weight (%), shank weight (%), dressing (%), breast meat yield (%) were higher (P<0.05) in commercial broilers, but head (%), neck (%), thigh meat (%), drumstick meat (%) were higher (P<0.01) in indigenous chickens. Shank weight (%) decreased with storage time. Higher (P<0.01) percentage of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) were found in indigenous chicken breast meat, while ether extract (EE) and total ash content were higher (P<0.01) in commercial broiler breast meat. Cooking loss (%) was higher in commercial broiler breast meat. The pH and CP (%) decreased, while DM (%), EE (%), Ash (%), Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) value, free fatty acid (FFA) value, and Peroxide value (POV) increased with storage time in both types of chicken. Sensory evaluation showed more juiciness in commercial broiler meat.
Bangl. vet. 2017. Vol. 34, No. 2, 61-70
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Onunkwo, D. N., J. C. Ezike, W. Amaduruonye, J. Nathaniel, and G. Daniel-Igwe,. "Haematological and serum biochemical indices of broiler chickens fed roselle seed (Hibiscus sabdariffa l.) cake based diet as replacement for soyabean meal." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 46, no. 2 (December 17, 2020): 158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v46i2.30.
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Feeding trial experiment was carried out to evaluate the haematological and serum biochemical parameters of broiler chickens fed graded levels of Roselle Seed Cake (RSC) as replacement of a conventional protein source. Proximate composition was done to determine the nutrient content of RSC and experimental diets. The experiment contained graded levels of RSC replacing soya bean cake (SBC). One hundred and twenty (120) day old Ross broiler chickens were used in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The broiler chicks were assigned to five dietary treatments with three replicates each with 8 birds per replicate and 24 birds per treatment. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated for the broiler straight diet. Diet 1 served asthe control diet while diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 contained 8%, 16%, 24% and 32% RSC respectively. Data were collected and analyzed using analysis of variance and the mean was separated using Duncan multiple range test. The findings from the study showed that there were no significant (P?0.05) differences in all the parameters measured for haematology across dietary treatment means except for the white blood cell. The blood biochemical composition showed no significant (P?0.05) differences in total protein, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and creatinine across dietary treatments. RSC as an alternative feedstuff can replace soya bean cake at 24% in the diet of broiler chickens for improved haematological and blood biochemical of broilers. Roselle seed cake can replace SBC at the broiler chicken straight ration at 75% (24% dietary RSC) inclusion for better performance.
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KONAN, Kouakou Severin, Aboya Jean-Luc MOROH, Wawa Justine TIEKPA, and Jean-David N’GUESSAN. "Effect of Aqueous Extract of Thonningia sanguinea on Blood Electrolytes of Broilers Chickens." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 6 (November 15, 2020): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i6.4539.
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The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Thonningia sanguinea on blood electrolytes of broiler chickens. To do this, two hundred (200) 15-day-old Hubbard broiler chickens were divided into 2 batches of 100 chickens each. The chickens in the control group (Batch C) received unsupplemented water while those in the test group (Batch E) received water supplemented with 10 g / L of aqueous extract of T. sanguinea for one week. Then, the zootechnical parameters such as weight growth, weight gain, consumption index and the level of serum electrolytes were determined. The results of the study showed that the aqueous extract of Thonningia sanguinea improved weight growth, weight gain and consumption index. At the same time, the results also showed that T. sanguinea did not significantly (p <0.05) affect the level of blood electrolytes of broilers chickens. From the results obtained in the present study, the aqueous extract of Thonningia sanguinea could be used to improve poultry productivity without damage on blood electrolytes.
Keywords: Thonningia sanguinea; chicken broilers; Blood electrolytes; Zootechnical parameters
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Mutmainah, Anisah Eka, and Tinjung Mary Prihtanti. "Analisis Keunggulan Komparatif Dan Kompetitif Usaha Ternak Ayam Ras Pedaging Di Kecamatan Musuk Kabupaten Boyolali." SEPA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis 14, no. 2 (February 15, 2018): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/sepa.v14i2.25014.
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<em>This Research analyzed that comparative advantage and competitive of broiler chicken’s livestock business in Musuk Subdistrict of Boyolali Regency. For sampling uses a Saturated Sampling technique (census method) by taking all available samples as many thirty-two sample of broiler’s breeder around Musuk Subdistrict. To analyzed chicken livestock business uses Policy Analysis Matrik (PAM) and Ms. Excel as analysis tools. The result of this research shows that PCR </em>(<em>Private Cost Ratio</em>) <em>value <1 is 0,63 that means the commodity system of broiler chicken which is cultivated by breeder has a small competitive advantage. In addition to defraying domestic factor at private price, breeders are also able to compete with broiler chickens livestock business in other region. A commodity has a comparative advantage if it has DRCR </em>(<em>Domestic Resources Cost Ratio</em>) <em>value <1, the meaning is the profit obtained by the breeder is grater than the cost of social input non tradable. In case of broiler chickens in Musuk Subdistrict obtained grade DRCR <1 is 0,95 that means livestock business produced has comparative competitiveness because it is able to finance domestic factors at social prices and is economically efficient.</em>
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Djekic, Vera, Sreten Mitrovic, Sasa Obradovic, Marija Vukasinovic, and Dragan Sefer. "Effect of different varieties of triticale on product characteristics in broiler chickens." Veterinarski glasnik 66, no. 5-6 (2012): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl1206345d.
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The aim of this paper was to determine how forage triticale in diets for fattening broilers influence the body weight and weight gain of broiler chickens for fattening. The survey was conducted on 400 chickens for fattening provenance Ross 308 for a period of 42 days. On this occasion, four groups of chickens were formed, with 100 chickens being treated in each group, as follows: K (classic mixture for fattening broilers) and O-I (mixtures with triticale variety Kg 20), O-II (mixtures with triticale Favorit) and O-III group (mixtures with triticale Trijumf). The highest average body mass in the groups of chickens (male, female and chicks of both sexes), was scored by broiler chickens of O-II-group. The minimum food consumption for 42-day-old chicks was achieved by group O-I (4.275 kg), and the most by O-II group (4.359 kg). Chickens of O-II- and III-O-group had the best feed conversion, while the chickens of O-I-group had a slightly poorer feed conversion. The mortality of the groups of chickens for the entire period of the study was the lowest in O-II-group, at 2.0%, and the highest mortality was found in O-III-group (6.0%). The production index was the highest in O-II-group (202.726) and the lowest in O-I-group. The results achieved in this research indicate that the use of tested triticale cultivars significantly affected the weight gain and body mass of chicks and have nutritional and economic justification.
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Bollido, Marcos Erram. "Growth Performance and Profitability of Broilers Chickens with Vermi meal Supplementation under Total Confinement Management." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 26, no. 1 (December 7, 2020): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/jipi.26.1.8.
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This study was conducted to determine the growth performance and profitability of broilers chicken with vermi meal supplementation under a total confinement management system. A total of 60 broiler chickens were randomly distributed to four dietary treatments: T1= commercial feed (CF), T2= CF+2% vermi meal (VM), T3= CF+3% VM, T4= CF+5% VM inclusion in a completely randomized design. Feed conversion ratio was not significantly influenced by VM supplementation. However, the highest feed intake was recorded in broilers fed CF supplemented with 2% VM (T2) while control broilers fed only CF (T1) had the lowest feed consumption. Broiler chickens fed CF supplemented with 2% VM (T2) were recorded with the highest values of final body weight and weight gain compared to T1 group and T4 group, respectively. However, broiler in T2 group had similar values of body weights and weight gains compared to T3. Consequently, 2% level of VM had an optimum result in final weight, weight gain, and feed consumption, while comparable to the other treatments in water consumption, feed conversion ratio, dressing percentage, and carcass weight. Cost and return analysis of the dietary treatments with VM showed a negative effect, since the higher concentration of VM supplementation had the higher cost in production, due to the expensive price of imported vermin or earthworm meal.
Keywords: broiler chickens, performance, total confinement, vermi meal
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Vitorovic, D., G. Vitorovic, B. Mitrovic, and V. Andric. "Natural sepiolite efficiency in reducing 137Cs transfer and deposition into meat and edible organs of broiler chickens." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 27, no. 2 (2011): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1102183v.
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The objectives of the present study were to examine the level of radiocesium deposit in meat and edible organs of broiler chickens as well as to investigate efficiency of natural sepiolite in reducing 137Cs deposition in meat, liver and gizzard of alimentary contaminated broiler chickens. Broiler chickens (six weeks of age) were fed with the standard diet and each broiler was given a single oral dose of 137Cs, total activity of 3750 Bq. The broilers were divided into two groups (10 broilers per group). The group 1 was control (received only radiocesium). The broilers of the group 2, in addition to radiocesium received natural sepiolite solution (2 g sepiolite per bird). After 24 hours, all broilers, from each group, were stunned and killed. The samples of meat, (breast and legs), liver and gizzard were taken from each broiler, for gamma spectrometry determination of radiocesium activity. After 24 hours of contamination, 56 % of introduced 137Cs radioactivity was deposited in the meat (breast and legs muscles), 1 % in the liver and 2,4 % in the gizzard of broiler chickens 42 days of age. Natural sepiolite demonstrated insufficient protective action. Compared to the control group, percentage reduction (decreasing percentage) of 137Cs deposition in meat was 16%, in liver 5% and in gizzard 12%.
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Palupi, R., F. N. L. Lubis, and A. Suryani. "ADDITION OF PROPIONIC ACID ON NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY AND ITS EFFECT ON PRODUCTION AND CARCASS QUALITY OF BROILER." IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 53, no. 2 (April 29, 2022): 453–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v53i2.1553.
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This study was aimed to determine protein and crude fiber digestibility by adding propionic acid in rations and its effect on production and carcass quality broiler chicken. This research was carried out using 180-day old chicks (DOC) broiler chicken with Cobb strain. This research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of three treatments and six replications for every treatment. The treatment in this study consisted of: T0 = ration without propionic acid; T1 = addition of 0.5% propionic acid in the ration; T2 = 0.75% addition of propionic acid in the ration. Parameters observed included crude protein, crude fiber digestibility, feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion, live weight, carcass percentage, and percentage of abdominal fat in broiler chickens. The results showed that the addition of 0.5% propionic acid had a significant effect (P<0.05) on crude protein and crude fiber's digestibility in broiler chickens. Significantly increased feed consumption up to 2.29%; body weight gain up to 7.49 %, decreased feed conversion by 4.86%; increased body weight by 12.69%; carcass percentage by 4.12% and decreased 33% of abdominal fat broiler chicken. This research concludes that the addition of propionic acid in the ration at a dose of 0.5% could be increase the digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber rations, can improve the production performance and carcass quality of broiler chickens.
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Alazawy, Amer Khazaal, and Karim Sadun Al Ajeeli. "Isolation and molecular identification of wild Newcastle disease virus isolated from broiler farms of Diyala Province, Iraq." January-2020 13, no. 1 (January 2020): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.33-39.
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Background and Aim: Newcastle disease virus (NDV) remains a major viral disease of poultry. The morbidity and mortality rates of chickens vaccinated with NDV in broiler farms in Diyala Province were 100% and 80%, respectively, rates due to suspected infection with the highly virulent NDV. The present study aimed to isolate and identify the NDV virus and evaluate its pathogenicity in infected broiler chickens at poultry farms. Materials and Methods: Broiler chickens at two commercial poultry farms were suspected of being infected with virulent NDV due to high mortality rates. Virus isolated from samples of intestinal tissues, lungs, trachea, spleen, kidneys, and air sacs was adapted in the allantoic cavity of embryonated specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken eggs. The NDV pathotype was determined based on the mean death time (MDT) in eggs as well as the intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) and intravenous pathogenicity index pathogenicity indexes of the isolated samples. Broilers were experimentally infected by inoculation with fluids collected from the allantoic cavities of 60 broilers aged 35 days. Serological and molecular tests were followed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine levels of anti-NDV immunoglobulin G, and isolates were identified using a hyperimmune (HI) test and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Suspected and isolated NDV field samples propagated in the allantoic cavity of 10-day-old fertile SPF chickens were NDV positive in the rapid hemagglutination test within a few seconds. Pathogenicity indices and MDT showed that the isolated NDV was viscerotropic and velogenic. The virus was identified as NDV by the HI test using specific anti-LaSota HI serum and RT-PCR with specific primers and probes. Propagation of the virus in the allantoic cavity of embryonated hen eggs produced a viral titer of 109.5 EID50/0.1 mL. Conclusion: The virus isolated from broiler chicken farms in Diyala Province, Iraq, was viscerotropic and velogenic according to the pathogenicity indices and RT-PCR. The isolated NDV caused 100% morbidity and 90% mortality in NDV-vaccinated and experimentally infected broiler chickens.
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Klemeshova, I. Yu, V. A. Reimer, E. V. Tarabanova, and Z. N. Alekseeva. "Theoretical basis of obtaining poultry products of «organic» status." Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University), no. 2 (July 13, 2021): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2021-59-2-125-131.
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The authors considered organic poultry production and presented a qualitative analysis of the diets used in raising broiler chickens. The authors also evaluated the possibility of switching from traditional diets to diets without chemical and microbial synthesis ingredients based on comparative data on the performance and economics of broiler chicken meat production. Organic requirements prohibit the use of microbial and chemical synthesis and genetically modified products in poultry feed. Obtaining large quantities of poultry products in a short period and at an affordable price involves using all kinds of additives that do not allow the products to qualify as organic. Surveys and opinion polls show that a new layer of consumers is today willing to buy organic poultry meat at a higher price. The aim of this work is to evaluate the possibility of producing organic meat from broiler chickens. The research was carried out at the Berdskaya poultry farm, and the test object was broiler chickens of the Iza cross. The age of broiler chickens ranged from one to 40 days old. The authors compared the effectiveness of traditional industrial diets and diets without microbial and chemical synthesis products. During the experiment, live poultry weight, average daily and gross gains, survival, feed costs and cost-effectiveness were considered. In commercial broiler chickens raised on diets without chemical and microbial synthesis ingredients during slaughter, the average live weight was 64.0% lower than that of broiler chickens in the experimental group. The average daily gain of these same broilers was also 52.9% lower. Feed costs per unit of production in industrial broiler chickens increased 1.7 times with the same survival rate of young animals (92.2%). Increasing the rearing period to 70 days resulted in a 1.4-fold increase in feed costs. The level of profitability decreased by 61.2 %, with a decrease in productivity. Increasing the price per kg of meat by 25 50 100 % would increase the profitability level by 22.4 4.7 -133.5 %, respectively, compared to the traditional method.
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I. Khaerunnisa, Jakaria, and C. Sumantri. "The TGF-β3 Gene Polymorphisms and Carcass Components in Kampung x Meat Type Chicken Cross." Jurnal Ilmu Produksi dan Teknologi Hasil Peternakan 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jipthp.8.1.42-47.
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The TGF-β3 gene is a subtype of TGF-β superfamily that plays a crucial role in skeletal muscle growth. The objectives of this study were to identify the TGF-β3|BslI locus polymorphisms and to evaluate their effects on carcass components in Kampung and broiler chicken cross. A total of 129 chickens used in this study, consisting of: Kampung chickens (44), parent stock broilers Cobb strains (10), F1 Kampung x broilers (35), and F2 Kampung x broilers (40). The PCR-RFLP and direct sequencing techniques were used to obtain mutations in the intron 4 of TGF-β3 gene using the BslI restriction enzyme. The TGF-β3|BslI locus was polymorphic in all populations and three genotypes were found: CC, AA, and CA. No association was found between the three genotypes with the carcass components in F2 Kampung x broiler cross.
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Zekeri, Okpanachi Joseph, Okpe, Alfa Ameh, Ejiwoye, Ouwafemi Amos, Ajagbe, and Adekune David. "Performance and haematological indices of broiler chickens fed varied inclusion level of palm kernel cake." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 21, no. 1 (October 30, 2022): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2022.21.1.0380.
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A total of one hundred and forty four (144) broiler chickens in a 42-day trial were used to evaluate the effect of graded levels of palm kernel cake on the performance and haematological characteristics of broilers. The broilers were randomly allotted to four treatments with 0%, 10%, 20% and 30 % PKC inclusion levels designated as treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Each treatment had three (3) replicates with twelve (12) birds per replicate. Growth performance showed higher significant (P<0.05) values of 2073.68 g, 1874.39 g, 44.63 g and 101.49 g respectively for final weight, weight gain, daily weight gain and daily feed intake from birds fed 30 % PKC. Value ranges of 32.14 % to 34.67 % 10.36 g/dl to 11.37 g/dl, 3.17 to 3.49 x1012/l were obtained for packed cell volume, haemoglobin, and red blood cell in birds fed the control and 30 % PKC based diets respectively. This implied PKC has the potential to improved growth performance and haematology of boilers chicken. It was concluded that inclusion of PKC in the broiler’s diets significantly improved the performance and haematological parameters of the broiler chickens therefore should be included in the formulation of broilers diets for up to 30 %.
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Nazareno, Aérica C., Iran J. O. da Silva, Eduardo F. Delgado, Miguel Machado, and Luiz O. Pradella. "Does environmental enrichment improve performance, morphometry, yield and weight of broiler parts at different ages?" Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 26, no. 4 (April 2022): 292–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n4p292-298.
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ABSTRACT The inclusion of environmental enrichment in conventional broiler rearing can increase mobility, bone mass and muscle. This research aimed to evaluate the use of environmental enrichment in the rearing of broilers at different ages and its influence on performance, morphometry, yield and weight of the parts. It was used the completely randomized design in split-plot scheme, being the plots the treatments presence (T1) and absence (T2) of environmental enrichment and the subplots the broiler ages (1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days), with 56 chicks in each treatment (T1 and T2). Data obtained were analyzed by the linear effect model of fixed effects and compared by Tukey’s test of means. The animals were raised in a controlled environment, divided into four boxes with dimensions: 1.5 × 1.0 × 0.7 m, containing rice straw bed. In T1 a ladder with a perch on top was used, distributed every 1.5 m2. Environmental enrichment used did not influence broiler’s zootechnical performance. Broilers’ morphometric properties, parts weight and body weight increased due to environmental enrichment and, improvement was observed in chicks rearing’s final phase. The environmental enrichment was beneficial for muscle and bone mass gain in the main commercial parts of the chicken carcass, in addition to reducing the allometric coefficient of the breasts in chickens.
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Umar, A. M., and A. Mohammed. "Mineral composition of chicken meat floss produced from broilers fed diets with low energy levels." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 46, no. 2 (December 17, 2020): 186–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v46i2.33.
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This study was designed to investigate the mineral composition of floss prepared from broiler chickens fed low energy diets. Three experimental diets comprising three energy levels of 2, 400 (A); 2, 600 (B) and 2, 800 ME Kcal/Kg (C) were formulated and fed to the broiler chickens. The crude protein of the starter and finisher diets were fixed at 24 and 20%, respectively. A total of 270, one-day old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were weighed and randomlyallocated to three treatments (A, B and C) of 90 birds per treatment, each treatment having three replications of 30 birds. At the end of eighth week, three birds were randomly taken from each replication for the preparation of meat floss. Triplicate samples of the raw and broiler chicken meat floss were analysed for calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na) and potassium (K). The experiment was laid in a Completely Randomized Design. Raw meat ofbroiler chicken fed diet containing 2, 800 ME Kcal/Kg had the highest values of Ca (50.72 mg/Kg), Na (48.02 mg/Kg) and K (80.96 mg/Kg). Mineral composition of meat floss fro broiler chicken fed diet containing 2, 800 ME Kcal/Kg had the highest value of Na (48.6 mg/Kg) and K (78.81 mg/Kg). It is concluded that the raw meat and floss of broiler chickens fed diet containing 2, 800 ME Kcal/Kg had highest values of Na and K.
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Pereira, C. G., S. Y. Marin, B. M. Santos, J. S. Resende, M. Resende, A. M. Gomes, and N. R. S. Martins. "Occurrence of Aviadenovirus in chickens from the poultry industry of Minas Gerais." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 66, no. 3 (June 2014): 801–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-41625899.
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The occurrence of Aviadenovirus (FAdV) was investigated in chickens from the poultry industry of Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The investigation was conducted due to the scarcity of recent data in the country and its description in neighboring countries. For this purpose, livers were collected from layer chicks (n=25), older layers (n=25), broilers (n=300), and livers (n=25) and stool (n=25) samples from broiler breeders, representing the major poultry regions of the state. FAdV DNA was demonstrated using a previously described PCR protocol for amplifying part of the hexon gene encoding sequence. FAdV was found in layer chicks (36%), widespread (100%) in older layers, and with regional differences in broilers (24-86%). Although all broiler breeder stools were negative, FAdV DNA was detected in livers (16%, 4/25) of stool-negative birds. In order to obtain additional information on the circulation of the infection, livers of subsistence chickens collected from one poultry intensive region, were evaluated (n = 12), with FAdV being detected in all samples. FAdV was found in young and old layers, broilers, broiler breeders and free-range chickens, and results suggest the circulation of FAdV among different types of chickens. The detection in older layer chickens may indicate an extended risk of horizontal transmission in regions of Minas Gerais with mixed activity of egg and meat type chickens and poor biosecurity strategies. The infection in breeders may indicate vertical transmission and the continuous production of infected progenies. The hexon-gene-targeted PCR amplicon sequences aligned with FAdV of species D of Aviadenovirus. Results indicate the necessity for biosecurity, especially for breeders, separating flocks according to origin, age and health status, which will be an advantage regarding any pathogen.
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Ogbuewu, Ifeanyichukwu Princewill, and Christain Anayo Mbajiorgu. "Meta-analysis of the potential of dietary Bacillus spp. in improving growth performance traits in broiler chickens." Open Agriculture 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 618–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0123.
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Abstract Bacillus probiotics have been shown to possess several advantages over conventional probiotics, including the capacity to withstand heat during feed manufacturing processes and to be stored for a long time without losing viability, as well as the ability to survive and function in the acidic environment of the chicken gut. However, there are inconsistent results on the effect of Bacillus on growth performance of broiler chickens. The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the effect of dietary Bacillus supplementation on feed intake (FI), feed conversion efficiency (FCE), and average daily gain (ADG) in broiler chickens. PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases were searched for studies that fed diets with and without Bacillus to broilers. Pooled estimation revealed that Bacillus supplementation improved FCE (standardised mean difference [SMD] = −0.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.39 to −0.28) and increased ADG (SMD = 0.37 g/bird/day, 95% CI 0.28–0.46). In contrast, feed intake (SMD) = 0.03 g/bird/day, 95% CI −0.03 to 0.09) was not significantly different from controls. Subanalysis revealed that broilers fed with Bacillus at 0.1–0.5 × 106 colony-forming unit (cfu)/g had higher ADG than controls. There is evidence of significant heterogeneity (inconsistency index [I 2] = 80–93%) among the studies included in the meta-analysis. Meta-regression showed that studied moderators (i.e., Bacillus spp., duration of supplementation, and broiler strain) explained most of the effect. In conclusion, our results suggest that Bacillus supplementation at 0.1–0.5 × 106 cfu/g improved FCE and ADG in broiler chickens. However, it is recommended that more research be conducted to determine the Bacillus supplementation dose that optimises growth performance indices in broiler chickens.