Relevant bibliographies by topics / °Brix

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Academic literature on the topic '°Brix'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "°Brix"

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Fawaid, E. S. A., L I Sari, C Pujiastuti, N K Erliyanti, A D Priyanto, and E A Saputro. "Aplikasi Portable Brix Meter untuk Perhitungan Indeks Bias Minyak Atsiri Daun Jambu Kristal." Biomedical and Mechanical Engineering Journal (BIOMEJ) 1, no. 1 (April 14, 2021): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/biomej.v1i1.24.

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Penentuan indeks bias minyak daun jambu kristal dilakukan dengan menggunakan Portable Brix Meter. Daun jambu kristal diekstraksi dengan bantuan gelombang mikro dengan ukuran partikel 60 mesh selama 2 ; 2,5 ; 3 ; 3,5 ; dan 4 jam. Portable Brix Meter digunakan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi minyak daun jambu kristal yang dinyatakan dalam %Brix. Besarnya nilai %Brix ini sebanding dengan indeks biasnya. Semakin besar nilai %Brix maka akan semakin besar pula indeks bias yang diperoleh. Korelasi antara %Brix minyak daun jambu C dengan indeks bias dinyatakan dengan persamaan n = 0,0026C + 1,2859. Indeks bias minyak daun jambu kristal dapat ditentukan dari nilai %Brix.
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Giammarco, Melania, Matteo Chincarini, Isa Fusaro, Anna Chiara Manetta, Alberto Contri, Alessia Gloria, Lydia Lanzoni, Ludovica Maria Eugenia Mammi, Nicola Ferri, and Giorgio Vignola. "Evaluation of Brix Refractometry to Estimate Immunoglobulin G Content in Buffalo Colostrum and Neonatal Calf Serum." Animals 11, no. 9 (September 6, 2021): 2616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11092616.

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Brix refractometry has been widely demonstrated to be a useful tool for monitoring colostrum management program and passive immunity transfer (PIT) in Bovines, but its suitability has never been verified in Buffalo. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of a simple and rapid tool such as a digital Brix refractometer to estimate colostrum quality and for evaluating the success of passive transfer of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in Buffalo calves. The optimal cut points levels for Brix Refractometry for distinguishing good- and poor-quality colostrum and for assessing the adequacy of passive immunity transfer in calves were determined. For this aim, 26 first-milking maternal colostrum (MC) were collected from first-calf heifers. Blood samples were obtained from their calves at birth (T0) and 72 hours after (T3). Colostrum and Serum IgG content were determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas total protein (TP, g/dL) and percentage Brix (%Brix) by means of a digital Brix refractometer. The mean colostrum IgG was 64.9 ± 29.3 mg/mL. The mean serum %Brix at T3 was 9.6 ± 0.9 %. The mean serum IgG content at T3 was 11.1 ± 2.0 mg/mL. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (rp) was determined between Brix and ELISA measurements: colostrum %Brix showed a significant correlation with serum %Brix (rp = 0.82, p < 0.001); serum %Brix was highly correlated with serum TP (STP, g/dL) (rp = 0.98, p < 0.001) and serum IgG (mg/mL) (rp = 0.85, p < 0.001). A cut point of 18% Brix to estimate samples of MC ≥ 50 mg/mL from first-calf heifers was more appropriate for the buffalo. A cut point of 8.4% Brix resulted in the greatest percentage of calf serum samples being correctly classified. Based on our findings, a digital Brix refractometer could be a useful tool to monitor colostrum quality and to estimate PIT in Buffalo calves.
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Minnaar, Dr Phillip, Marieta Van Der Rijst, and Kobus Hunter. "Grapevine row orientation, vintage and grape ripeness effect on anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavonols and phenolic acids: I. <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. cv. Syrah grapes." OENO One 56, no. 1 (March 25, 2022): 275–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2022.56.1.4857.

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Phenolic concentrations are affected by environmental factors and grape cultivar, as well as viticultural practices, which should be considered when a specific phenolic profile is intended. The effect of microclimate induced by row orientation on phenolic compounds of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Syrah/101-14 Mgt grapes was investigated. Grapes were harvested from four vintages at 22 °Brix, 24 °Brix and 26 °Brix from N-S, E-W, NE-SW and NW-SE orientated grapevine rows. Phenolics were quantified in freeze-dried grape skins using an HPLC method. A vintage effect was only evident for specific individual phenolics for the four vintages. Grapes from NE-SW rows at 22 °Brix had the highest total flavonols and anthocyanins. Catechin was highest in grapes from N-S rows at 24 °Brix, whereas total phenolic acids, caffeic acid and total flavonols were highest from NW-SE rows at 24 °Brix and 26 °Brix. Isoquercetin was highest from NE-SW rows at 22 °Brix and 26 °Brix, whereas kaempferol and quercitrin were highest from E-W rows at 24 °Brix. The majority of phenolics was highest from NW-SE rows at 24 °Brix and 26 °Brix. The results indicate that row orientation affects phenolic development in Syrah grapes, but that vintage has a limited effect on phenolics. Light induced in the fruit zone positively affected the grape phenolic development of NE-SW rows at 22 °Brix and that of NW-SE rows at 24 °Brix and 26 °Brix. However, it is unlikely that a single index can be applied to all growing conditions and grape cultivars. Rows that allow moderate radiation intensity in the canopy (i.e., NE-SW and NW-SE during the day) seem more favourable for the development of phenolics than N-S and E-W rows. The light and berry temperature conditions in the fruit zone resulting from row orientation have the potential for widening the range of Syrah wine styles. In practice, a desirable row orientation may not be applicable to all environments. Management of the fruit zone remains an option for increasing or decreasing grape light exposure, irrespective of row orientation.
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Killick, Rachel. "Portraits contemporains, Michel Brix." Modern Language Review 105, no. 2 (2010): 563–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mlr.2010.0230.

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AKKÖSE, Mehmet, and Ceyhan ÖZBEYAZ. "An Assessment of the Accuracy of Digital and Optical Brix Refractometers for Estimating Passive Immunity in Beef Calves." Livestock Studies 62, no. 2 (December 29, 2022): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.46897/livestockstudies.1222935.

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Nunes, José Airton Rodrigues, Francisco Ferreira Santana, Regina Lúcia Ferreira Gomes, Ângela Celis de Almeida Lopes, Maria Marlúcia Gomes Pereira, and Edson Basílio Soares. "Stratified mass selection of promising Spondias mombin clones in a commercial crop." Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 11, no. 2 (June 2011): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-70332011000200006.

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This study aimed to estimate genetic parameters and identify promising clones of Spondias mombin in ungrafted commercial crop by stratified mass selection, based on the average of two harvests, using mixed models. The base population growing on a private farm in Teresina/PI comprised 82 plants, which were evaluated in the growing seasons 2008 and 2009. Total titratable acidity (TTA), total soluble solids (Brix), Brix/TTA, fruit weight (FW), seed weight (SW), pulp yield (PuY), and processing yield (PrY) were measured. Significant genetic variation among plants was detected for all traits. The coefficients of repeatability were 0.97 (TTA), 0.39 (Brix), 0.86 (Brix/TTA), 0.84 (FW), 0.82 (SW), 0.35 (PuY), and 0.39 (PrY). The chemical were generally not correlated with the physical fruit traits. Ranking by predicted phenotypic values associated with PrY and Brix/TTA identified nine promising plants (PrY>6.9% and Brix/TTA>10).
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Rahman, Md Mizanur, Md Miaruddin, MG Ferdous Chowdhury, Md Hafizul Haque Khan, and Md Muzahid-E. Rahman. "Preservation of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) by Osmotic Dehydration." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 37, no. 1 (July 11, 2012): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i1.11178.

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Preservation of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) by osmotic dehydration method has been standardized. Four treatments of sugar concentration viz. 35°:, 40°:, 45°:, and 50°: Brix were used for osmotic dehydration. After osmosis of the jackfruit slices in the sugar solutions these were laid on the cabinet drier for dehydration. After osmotic dehydration, the products were packed in high density polyethylene bags and stored in ambient temperature for a period of 8 months. The physico-chemical properties and the microbiological changes of the products were evaluated and a taste panel evaluated the organoleptic quality of the products during the storage period. Minimum microbial count was recorded for osmosis in 50°: Brix sugar solution followed by 45°: Brix sugar solution. The retention of vitamin A (ß- carotene), vitamin C, total acid and total sugar was also better for osmosis in 45°: Brix sugar solution followed by 50°: Brix sugar solution. The product of 45°: Brix solution when stored 8 months at room temperature secured highest score in organoleptic evaluation and was ranked "like moderately" followed by the product of 50°: Brix solution. Considering the overall acceptance of sensory evaluations, retention of nutritional quality and quantity of sugar needed, the osmotic dehydrated jackfruit prepared by 45°: Brix sugar solution could be selected for commercial processing.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i1.11178Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(1): 67-75, March 2012
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Illés, Árpád, Atala Szabó, Seyed Mohammad Nasir Mousavi, Csaba Bojtor, Attila Vad, Endre Harsányi, and Lúcia Sinka. "The Influence of Precision Dripping Irrigation System on the Phenology and Yield Indices of Sweet Maize Hybrids." Water 14, no. 16 (August 12, 2022): 2480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14162480.

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Sweet maize is an annual plant that is extremely useful and economical for planting and harvesting. However, maize stands are damaged quickly in the case of nutrient and water deficiency. This research was carried out under dripping irrigation conditions and control plots without irrigation, involving seven different maize hybrids. The obtained results showed no existing variation in the dry matter content of cob (DMC) between the irrigated and non-irrigated treatments. Correlation analysis showed that increasing DMC causes decreasing moisture content of cob (MC) of sweet maize with irrigated and non-irrigated treatments. DMC and MC are important factors in the yield index on irrigation treatments. Biplots showed that the Dessert R72 (10.82) hybrid had maximum yield and effect on Brix/Abbe and Brix/Atago Pal-1, while the Messenger hybrids (42.96) had maximum effect on MC. It was also shown that DMC and MC are important factors in the yield index on irrigation treatments on hybrids. The Noa (37.97) and Honey hybrids (27.88) had minimum effect and performance on non-irrigation and irrigation treatments. The Messenger (11.25) and SF1379 hybrids (10.5) had a maximum performance on Brix Abbe and Brix Pal in the irrigation treatment and Dessert R78 (13.5), the Messenger hybrid (11.8) had a maximum performance on Brix/Abbe and Brix/Atago Pal-1 in non-irrigation treatment. The Dessert R78 (13.5) is the best-performing hybrid in terms of the yield of Brix/Abbe and Brix/Atago Pal-1 in the performed irrigation treatments.
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Aguirre Zaquinaula, Irma Rumela. "Características Fisicoquímicas y Sensoriales del Néctar de Cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal) con Extracto de Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)." Revista Científica Pakamuros 5, no. 1 (December 21, 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37787/pakamuros-unj.v5i1.46.

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Para evaluar el efecto de la concentración de extracto de Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni y sacarosa sobre las características fisicoquímicas y sensoriales de néctar de cocona. Se estudió siete tratamientos con tres concentraciones de stevia y cuatro de sacarosa. El tratamiento, con 0.3% extracto de stevia tuvo 6.47° Brix de sólidos solubles, el segundo con 0.5% de extracto de stevia, tuvo 6.58° Brix de sólidos solubles y el tercer tratamiento con 0.7% de extracto de stevia, tuvo 6.70° Brix contenido de sólidos solubles, el cuarto con 0.3% de concentración de sacarosa tuvo 14° Brix de sólidos solubles, el quinto tratamiento con 0.5% de concentración de sacarosa tuvo 16° Brix de sólidos solubles, el sexto con 0.7% de concentración de sacarosa tuvo 18° Brix de sólidos solubles, el séptimo tratamiento con 0.0 % de concentración de sacarosa tuvo 5° Brix de sólidos solubles. Los resultados se analizaron con la prueba de Friedman determinándose que no existe efecto de la proporción del extracto de stevia y concentración de sacarosa sobre las características sensoriales del néctar de cocona (significancia de 5%). Se realizó la prueba de Duncan (α=0.05). Los tratamientos con 0.3%, 0.5% y 0.7% de extracto de stevia y concentración de sacarosa, así como 0.0% de concentración de sacarosa difieren significativamente en sus valores de pH y acidez. En cuanto a los grados °Brix, los siete tratamientos difieren significativamente. Los mejores tratamientos fueron: S3 con 0.7% de extracto de stevia y S6 con extracto de sacarosa.
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Maraphum, Kanvisit, Khwantri Saengprachatanarug, Kittipon Aparatana, Yoshinari Izumikawa, and Eizo Taira. "Spatial mapping of Brix and moisture content in sugarcane stalk using hyperspectral imaging." Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy 28, no. 4 (February 27, 2020): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967033520905370.

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Hyperspectral imaging is a powerful technique that can rapidly, accurately, and non-destructively determine the quality of agricultural products. In this study, a hyperspectral imaging system has been developed to evaluate and visualize the Brix values and moisture contents in sugarcane stalks to be used as a tool for breeding programmes. After extracting the spectral data via ENVI coding, data in the wavelength range of 450–950 nm were used to generate prediction models for Brix and moisture content via partial least squares regression. The coefficients of determination of the predictive models for Brix and moisture content were found to be 0.70 and 0.68, respectively. The root mean square errors of cross-validation were 1.28° for Brix and 1.49% for moisture content, and the performance to deviation ratios were 1.71 and 1.61, respectively. The models were applied to each pixel of the hypercube data in order to determine the distributions of Brix and moisture content within the sugarcane stalks. Both distribution mappings indicated that the Brix and the moisture content level were lower in the internode regions. The results demonstrated the feasibility of using hyperspectral imaging to visualize Brix and moisture content in sugarcane stalks. The developed method has potential applications in farming management and also in breeding programs.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "°Brix"

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Brix, Benjamin [Verfasser]. "Leben im Mietshausprojekt / Benjamin Brix." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1069697532/34.

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Brix, Jonathan [Verfasser], and Alexander [Akademischer Betreuer] Verl. "Entwicklung eines verteilten Energiemanagementsystems / Jonathan Brix. Betreuer: Alexander Verl." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2015. http://d-nb.info/107677587X/34.

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Tamhane, Tripti Verfasser], Klaudia [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] [Brix, Margarete [Gutachter] Heck, Sebastian [Gutachter] Springer, and Matthias [Gutachter] Ullrich. "Cysteine cathepsin localization and function in intestine epithelial and carcinoma cells / Tripti Tamhane. Betreuer: Klaudia Brix. Gutachter: Klaudia Brix ; Margarete Heck ; Sebastian Springer ; Matthias Ullrich." Bremen : IRC-Library, Information Resource Center der Jacobs University Bremen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1111884374/34.

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Szumska, Joanna Verfasser], Klaudia [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] [Brix, Heike [Gutachter] Biebermann, and Sebastian [Gutachter] Springer. "Trace amine-associated receptor 1 is involved in various aspects of endocrine regulation / Joanna Szumska ; Gutachter: Klaudia Brix, Heike Biebermann, Sebastian Springer ; Betreuer: Klaudia Brix." Bremen : IRC-Library, Information Resource Center der Jacobs University Bremen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1141379708/34.

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Carmo, Esmeralda Maria Carvalho Dinis. "Impacto do encolostramento na morbilidade, mortalidade e crescimento de vitelos leiteiros." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20550.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
É sabido que o colostro é uma importante fonte de nutrição e imunidade para os vitelos recém-nascidos uma vez que estes, quando nascem, não são providos de imunoglobulinas, devido à estrutura epitéliocorial da placenta nos bovinos, sendo a imunidade adquirida através da ingestão de colostro. A falha na transferência desta imunidade passiva aumenta o risco de morbilidade e mortalidade dos vitelos, predispondo-os ao desenvolvimento de doença. O objetivo desta dissertação foi avaliar o impacto da qualidade do colostro na morbilidade, mortalidade e crescimento das vitelas recém-nascidas e perceber de que forma é que a qualidade e o maneio do colostro influenciam o sucesso da transferência de imunidade passiva. Foram analisados registos de 77 amostras de colostro proveniente do banco de colostro da exploração estudada e de 77 amostras de sangue de vitelas recém-nascidas, colhidas às 72h após a ingestão do colostro, para averiguar a ocorrência de falha de transferência de imunidade passiva. Foram também analisados o tempo de ingestão pós-parto e o leite de substituição dado aos recém-nascidos. O refratómetro ótico de Brix foi utilizado para a avaliação da qualidade do colostro, do soro sanguíneo e do leite de substituição, considerando-se como bons valores iguais ou superiores a 23%, 8,5% e 13%, respetivamente. No que diz respeito ao crescimento, foram efetuados registos de peso, altura ao garrote/cernelha e perímetro torácico ao nascimento, 2, 4 e 6 meses de idade. Relativamente à morbilidade, os tratamentos efetuados cingiram-se maioritariamente a episódios de diarreia e pneumonia sendo considerado febre acima de 39,3º. Foram também cruzados dados entre o colostro de vacas vacinadas e a probabilidade de sobrevivência dos vitelos. Durante o estudo faleceram 11 animais. A qualidade do colostro revelou-se boa em 88% das amostras, mas apenas 51% das vitelas obtiveram uma transferência de sucesso. O leite de substituição apresentou uma percentagem adequada de Brix em apenas 25% das refeições e o crescimento dos animais foi abaixo do esperado em todas as fases de crescimento analisadas, apesar de aos 6 meses apresentarem um ganho médio diário de peso superior ao esperado. Animais submetidos a um maior número de tratamentos apresentaram menor peso, altura e perímetro torácico aos 6 meses. Vitelas alimentadas com colostros de vacas vacinadas apresentaram 2,71 mais probabilidade de sobreviverem. Mesmo proporcionando aos recém-nascidos um colostro com concentração adequada de imunoglobulinas, a aquisição de uma boa imunidade não é garantida pois depende de vários fatores.
ABSTRACT - Impact of colostrum management on morbidity, mortality and growth in dairy calves - It is known that colostrum is an important source of nutrition and immunity for the newborn calves since they are not provided with immunoglobulins at birth due to the epithelial structure of the placenta in bovines and to acquire that immunity ingestion of colostrum is necessary. Failure of passive immune transfer increases the risk of morbidity and mortality in newborn calves, predisposing them to the development of diseases. The aim of this dissertation was to evaluate the impact of colostrum quality on morbidity, mortality and growth of newborn calves and to understand how the quality and management of colostrum influenced the success of passive immune transfer. Records of 77 samples of colostrum from the colostrum bank of the studied farm and 77 blood samples from newborn calves, collected at 72h after ingestion of colostrum, were analysed to ascertain the occurrence of failure of passive immune transfer. Postpartum intake time and replacement milk were also analysed. Brix optical refractometer was used to assess the quality of colostrum, blood serum and total solids in replacement milk, considering as good values equal to or above 23%, 8.5% and 13%, respectively. Regarding growth, data on weight, height at withers and chest girth was recorded at birth 2, 4 and 6 months of age. For morbidity, the treatments performed were mostly limited to episodes of diarrhoea and pneumonia, considering fever above 39.3º. Data was crossed between colostrum from vaccinated cows and calf’s survival probability. During the study, 11 animals perished. Colostrum quality was considered good in 88% of the samples, but only 51% of the calves had a successful transfer of immunity. The replacement milk showed an adequate Brix percentage in only 25% of the meals and the growth of the animals was below the expected in all growth stages, although at 6 months they presented an average daily weight gain higher than expected. Animals submitted to a greater number of treatments had lower weight, height and chest girth at 6 months. Calves fed with colostrum from vaccinated cows were 2.71 times more likely to survive. Even providing newborns colostrum with an adequate concentration of immunoglobulins, the acquisition of an adequate immunity is not guaranteed as it does not depend on one factor only.
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Klein, Bruna. "Redução de brix e acidez em sucos de frutas através de nanofiltração." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/92716.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos, Florianópolis, 2009
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O maracujá (Passiflora edulis flavicarpa) tem um flavor especial e intenso, porém em conseqüência da sua elevada acidez somente quantidades limitadas do suco podem ser adicionadas aos produtos alimentícios. Por outro lado, problemas de saúde ou preocupações com a estética corporal, têm estimulado a pesquisa e o desenvolvimento de produtos com baixo teor de açúcar, dentre estes produtos estão os sucos de frutas, como o de maçã (Pyrus malus, L.). Os processos de separação por membranas (PSM) têm sido considerados como uma alternativa viável na redução de acidez e açúcar em suco de frutas. Além disto, representam uma tecnologia limpa que não utiliza conservante e não altera o sabor do produto. Neste trabalho, sucos de maçã e maracujá foram nanofiltrados utilizando-se membrana polimérica na configuração espiral. O objetivo principal foi de reduzir o teor de sólidos solúveis no suco de maçã e de acidez no suco de maracujá. Também foram avaliados os efeitos da temperatura, pressão e velocidade tangencial, durante a nanofiltração do suco de maçã e investigado o comportamento da acidez em relação às condições operacionais, na nanofiltração do suco de maracujá. Nas condições utilizadas neste trabalho, foi possível uma redução de 19% nos sólidos solúveis do suco de maçã, sem alteração significativa de sua acidez. Verificou-se que, durante a nanofiltração, o fluxo permeado do suco de maçã foi diretamente proporcional ao aumento da pressão. Os resultados também mostraram uma proporcionalidade direta entre a temperatura e o fluxo permeado. Um aumento da temperatura de nanofiltração a partir de 36ºC resultou no aumento dos valores de brix, conseqüentemente, um aumento na permeação dos açúcares presentes no suco de maçã. Quanto ao suco de maracujá, houve uma redução de até 25% na acidez total. O fluxo de permeado, durante a nanofiltração do suco também foi diretamente proporcional ao aumento da pressão. Variações de pressão de 2 a 8 bar e de temperatura de 20 a 50ºC não provocaram diferenças nos valores de pH no permeado. Verificou-se uma redução da acidez titulável em função do aumento da pressão transmembrana durante a nanofiltração, enquanto ocorreu um aumento da acidez titulável do permeado com o aumento da temperatura. Teste de histerese mostrou que a membrana de nanofiltração utilizada sofreu compactação durante o aumento da pressão. Por outro, o coeficiente de colmatagem (CC) foi maior para maiores pressões em razão de uma maior permeação e, conseqüentemente, deve ser controlada através da velocidade tangencial e membranas com pontos de corte apropriados. Isto porque pressões mais elevadas são necessárias para a obtenção de fluxos permeados compatíveis com a realidade industrial. Finalmente pode-se concluir que a nanofiltração foi eficaz na redução de sólidos solúveis no suco de maçã e de acidez no suco de maracujá.
Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis flavicarpa) has a particular and intense flavor; however, due to its high acidity only limited amounts of juice can be added to food products. On the other hand, problems related to health or body esthetics concerns have stimulated research and the development of products with low sugar content, which include fruit juices, such as apple juice (Pyrus malus, L.). Membrane separation processes (MSP) have been considered as a viable alternative in the reduction of acidity and sugar in fruit juice. Furthermore, this is a clean technology which does not require preservatives and does not alter the taste of the product. In this study, apple and passion fruit juices were nanofiltered using a polymeric membrane in a spiral configuration. The main objective was to reduce the soluble solids content of the apple juice and the acidity of the passion fruit juice. The effects of temperature, pressure and tangential velocity were also evaluated during the nanofiltration of the apple juice and the behavior of the acidity was investigated in relation to the operating conditions in the nanofiltration of the passion fruit juice. Under the conditions used in this study, it was possible to achieve a 19% reduction in the soluble solids of the apple juice, without altering significantly its acidity. It was verified that during the nanofiltration the permeate flux of the apple juice was directly proportional to the increase in pressure. The results also showed a direct proportionality between temperature and permeate flux. An increase in the nanofiltration temperature from 36ºC resulted in an increase in the brix values and consequently, an increase in the permeation of sugars present in the apple juice. Regarding the passion fruit juice, there was a reduction of up to 5% in the total acidity. The permeate flux during the nanofiltration of this juice was also directly proportional to the pressure increase. Variations in the pressure from 2 to 8 bar and in the temperature from 20 to 50ºC did not result in changes in the pH values of the permeate. A reduction in the titratable acidity was verified as a function of the increase in the transmembrane pressure during the nanofiltration, whereas there was an increase in the titratable acidity of the permeate with the increase in temperature. The hysteresis test showed that the nanofiltration membrane underwent compaction during the pressure increase. However, the clogging coefficient (CC) increased at higher pressures due to a greater permeation and, thus, it must be controlled through the tangential velocity and membranes with appropriate cut-off points. This is because higher pressures are required for the obtainment of permeate fluxes compatible with the industrial reality. Finally, it can be concluded that the nanofiltration was efficient in the reduction of soluble solids in apply juice and acidity in passion fruit juice.
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Biondo, Jean Cecchin. "Parâmetros qualitativos e maturação de genótipos de sorgo sacarino em Santa Maria-RS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2015. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5146.

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Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
The Brazilian ethanol production is mainly based on the sugarcane crop, however in the off-season mills plants cease processing, decreasing revenues as a result of the shortage of raw materials. It is in this scenario that fits the sweet sorghum, being able to provide quality material during the off-season sugarcane, in the summer months. The objective of this study was to evaluate the qualitative parameters and maturation curves of eleven genotypes of sweet sorghum, aiming ethanol production. Field experiment was conducted in Santa Maria-RS, in two growing seasons (2012/13 and 2013/14). The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications and the treatments consisted of eleven genotypes, seven varieties (BRS506, BRS511, Fepagro 17, Fepagro 19, Past 81-04, Past 29-51 and Past 29-49) and four hybrids (CV007, CV147, CV568 and CV198). The quality of sweet sorghum juice was evaluated based on parameters: sucrose content (%), reducing sugars (%), purity (%), total soluble solids (°Brix), total recoverable sugar (kg t-1), fiber (%) and ethanol production (l ha-1). It was determined the maturity curve to characterize the industrial use period (IUP). The genotypes BRS506, BRS511 and CV198 showed IUP over 30 days. The BRS506 and BRS511 genotypes showed better characteristics for ethanol production.
A produção brasileira de etanol é baseada principalmente na cultura da cana-de-açúcar, porém, no período de entressafra as usinas cessam o processamento, diminuindo as receitas em decorrência da escassez de matéria-prima. É neste cenário que se encaixa o sorgo sacarino, capaz de fornecer material de qualidade durante o período de entressafra da cana, nos meses de verão. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os parâmetros qualitativos e as curvas de maturação de onze genótipos de sorgo sacarino durante dois anos de cultivo, visando a produção de etanol. O experimento foi conduzido em Santa Maria-RS, nos anos agrícolas de 2012/13 e 2013/14. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com três repetições e os tratamentos foram compostos por onze materiais genéticos, sendo sete variedades (BRS506, BRS511, Fepagro 17, Fepagro 19, Past 81-04, Past 29-51 e Past 29-49) e quatro híbridos (CV007, CV147, CV568 e CV198). Foram avaliados os parâmetros qualitativos sacarose do caldo (%), açúcares redutores do caldo (%), pureza do caldo (%), sólidos solúveis totais (°Brix), açúcar total recuperável (kg t-1), fibra (%), rendimento de etanol (l ha-1) e também as curvas de maturação para a obtenção do período de utilização industrial (PUI). Os genótipos BRS506, BRS511 e CV198 apresentaram PUI superior a 30 dias. Os genótipos BRS506 e BRS511 apresentaram melhores características para produção de etanol.
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Santos, Ricardo Filipe Reis dos. "A cultivar e o local de produção influenciam a qualidade do melão "pele de sapo"." Master's thesis, ISA/UL, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11111.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
This study sought to assess the influence of cultivar and site quality of “Pele de Sapo” melon types. The cultivars studied where “MP 3177”, “Hidalgo”, “Rabal” and “Ruidera”. For this purpose were conducted three trials in Santarem, in Évora and in Amareleja. After the harvest, the melons were to three types of procedures, to determine the quality of the fruit of the twelve combinations Location x Cultivar, in first place the measurement of soluble solids content and titratable acidity, in second sensory tests, and at last the correlations performed between the first two. One of the conclusions is that the melons with a soluble solids content higher than 13º Brix are well accepted by consumers, it also concluded that to determine the exact date of harvest should be carried out sampling and it is recommended to Harvesting when the SSC is above 13ºBrix. Analysing the data, another conclusion obtained, is that the fruits” ripeness is central to their organoleptic characteristics and their acceptance by the consumer. We can also say that the “Rabal” cultivar is excluded, either by poor performance on consumer due to the weak resistance to fungus, on the other hand the cultivar "Ruidera" proved susceptible to mildew attack leading to low production and fruits of lesser quality. The “Hidalgo” and “MP3177” were the most resistant to powdery mildew. In other varieties it was necessary to harvest only plants not attacked for not affect the quality of melon. It is recommended that the cultivar "Hidalgo" can begin to be planted in early May to begin to be harvested in mid-July, while the "MP3177" can be planted until mid-July, ensuring crops until October
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Weber, Jonas [Verfasser], Klaudia [Akademischer Betreuer] Brix, Klaudia [Gutachter] Brix, Matthias [Gutachter] Ullrich, and Ulrich [Gutachter] Schweizer. "The role of thyroid hormone transporters and thyroglobulin processing enzymes in auto-regulation of the mouse thyroid gland / Jonas Weber ; Gutachter: Klaudia Brix, Matthias Ullrich, Ulrich Schweizer ; Betreuer: Klaudia Brix." Bremen : IRC-Library, Information Resource Center der Jacobs University Bremen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1156780349/34.

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Brix, Asmien Christiane [Verfasser]. "Untersuchung zu minimalen Hemmkonzentrationen von antimikrobiellen Wirkstoffen gegenüber bovinen Mastitiseregern / Asmien Christiane Brix." Hannover : Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, 2007. http://d-nb.info/1179200144/34.

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Books on the topic "°Brix"

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Brix, om te leven. Leuven: De Clauwaert, 1986.

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Hühnke, Jürgen. Quickborn anno Domini--: Annalen eines Ortes 1323-1996 / Jürgen Hühnke ; Mitarbeit bei der Recherche, Heinz Kosubke ; Illustrationen: Saskia Brix. Quickborn: Braun & Behrmann, 1997.

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Frota, Lélia Coelho. Brio. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Sette Letras, 1996.

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McLean, Alan C. Bril! Aberystwyth: Y Ganolfan Astudiaethau Addysg, 1999.

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Sifra, A. Idishe briṿ: Briṿ-shṭeler tsu lernen zikh shraybn Idishe briṿ ... Nyu Yorḳ: Mekhirah ha-rashit etsel R. Sh. Sharf, 1991.

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Aames, Avery. To brie or not to brie. New York: Berkley Prime Crime, 2013.

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Wilkowski, Susan. Baby's Bris. Rockville, MD: Kar-Ben Copies, 1999.

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Bslu brid. 2nd ed. Zi-liṅ: Mtsho-sṅon mi rigs dpe skrun khaṅ, 2010.

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Murillo, María Concepción Lucas. Con brio. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2007.

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Jürgen, Krieger, Lehmkuhl Volker, Klier Melanie 1970-, Michael Jane, and Platz-Waury Elke 1940-, eds. Discover Brixy. Berlin: Braus, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "°Brix"

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Schuhmann, Karl. "Walter Brix." In Edmund Husserl: Briefwechsel, 2269–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0745-7_166.

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Kimball, Dan. "Brix and Soluble Solids." In Citrus Processing, 7–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3700-3_2.

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Kimball, Dan. "The Brix/Acid Ratio." In Citrus Processing, 55–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3700-3_4.

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McCue, Patrick M. "Evaluation of Colostrum Quality: Brix Refractometry." In Equine Reproductive Procedures, 297–98. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118904398.ch89.

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Kimball, Dan A. "Analyses of Brix,Soluble Solids,Acids,Oils,and Pulp." In Citrus Processing, 191–246. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4973-4_6.

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Singh, Sanjay Kumar, Nitish Katal, Sanjay Kumar, and Neha Kumari. "Optimal Design of Controllers for Brix Regulation in Sugar Industry." In Sustainable Technology and Advanced Computing in Electrical Engineering, 813–21. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4364-5_58.

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Morgan, Lynette. "Greenhouse produce quality and assessment." In Hydroponics and protected cultivation: a practical guide, 246–67. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789244830.0013.

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Abstract 'Quality' of greenhouse and hydroponic produce implies suitability for a particular purpose or the degree to which certain set standards are met. Aspects of produce quality may encompass sensory properties (appearance, texture, taste and aroma), nutritive values, chemical constituents, mechanical properties, functional properties and defects. Quality standards and testing methods have been developed for most commercial crops to help ensure consumers receive produce of a suitable standard. These quality standards can range from basic grading for removal of damaged produce and for size, shape, weight and overall appearance, to analytical testing for compositional factors such as acidity, volatiles, dry matter, starch and sugars, toxins, vitamins and minerals, and others. This chapter discusses the components of crop quality, quality improvement, cultural practices to improve greenhouse produce quality (nutrient solution electrical conductivity levels, salinity and deficit irrigation), environmental conditions (including light and temperature) affecting quality of greenhouse crops, role of genetics in the quality of greenhouse-grown produce, microbial quality and food safety. Different quality testing and grading methods are described such as colour analysis, total soluble solids (Brix) testing, sensory evaluation of compositional quality, volatiles testing (aroma), texture and firmness quality assessment.
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Morgan, Lynette. "Greenhouse produce quality and assessment." In Hydroponics and protected cultivation: a practical guide, 246–67. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789244830.0246.

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Abstract 'Quality' of greenhouse and hydroponic produce implies suitability for a particular purpose or the degree to which certain set standards are met. Aspects of produce quality may encompass sensory properties (appearance, texture, taste and aroma), nutritive values, chemical constituents, mechanical properties, functional properties and defects. Quality standards and testing methods have been developed for most commercial crops to help ensure consumers receive produce of a suitable standard. These quality standards can range from basic grading for removal of damaged produce and for size, shape, weight and overall appearance, to analytical testing for compositional factors such as acidity, volatiles, dry matter, starch and sugars, toxins, vitamins and minerals, and others. This chapter discusses the components of crop quality, quality improvement, cultural practices to improve greenhouse produce quality (nutrient solution electrical conductivity levels, salinity and deficit irrigation), environmental conditions (including light and temperature) affecting quality of greenhouse crops, role of genetics in the quality of greenhouse-grown produce, microbial quality and food safety. Different quality testing and grading methods are described such as colour analysis, total soluble solids (Brix) testing, sensory evaluation of compositional quality, volatiles testing (aroma), texture and firmness quality assessment.
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Ormö, Jens. "Brim." In Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms, 1–2. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9213-9_28-2.

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Ormö, Jens. "Brim." In Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms, 183–84. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3134-3_28.

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Conference papers on the topic "°Brix"

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Pham, Quang Thai, and Dat Pham. "Brix percentage estimation using artificial intelligence approaches." In Fourth International Conference on Photonic Solutions (ICPS 2019), edited by Ukrit Mankong, Surachet Kanprachar, Tetsuya Kawanishi, and Waranont Anukool. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2552892.

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Sawatpanit, M., D. Suthers, and S. Fleming. "BRIX: meeting the requirements for online second language learning." In 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2004. Proceedings of the. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2004.1265047.

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S. FILHO, B. A., and E. R. M. BEZERRA. "DETERMINAÇÃO DE COMPOSTOS SOLÚVEIS EM UMA SOLUÇÃO DE SACAROSE. (BRIX)." In Anais da Semana de Química do IFRN. Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte - IFRN, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/2526-4664.021.

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Fredes, Sandra, Luis Ángel Ruiz, and Jorge Abel Recio. "MODELACIÓN DE °BRIX Y PH EN UVA VINÍFERA MEDIANTE IMÁGENES SATELITALES. VALLE DE COLCHAGUA, CHILE." In 3rd Congress in Geomatics Engineering. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cigeo2021.2021.12734.

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Con el fin de monitorear la madurez y composición de las bayas de uva vinífera y determinar una fecha óptima de cosecha,es vital la determinación de °Brix y pH. Esta investigación comprende el estudio de dos temporadas de cosecha de uvavinífera de variedad Cabernet Sauvignon: 2017 y 2018. Periodo en el cual se tomaron periódicamente datos de campoque permitieron seguir el estado fenológico de la vid hasta el momento de la cosecha y posterior vinificación. Incorporarsoluciones tecnológicas, como el uso de imágenes satelitales, en este caso Sentinel-2, al proceso de muestreo de fruta,permite optimizar un proceso artesanal, dando la posibilidad de tener una visión más detallada del cuartel, lo que hacemás eficiente el trabajo de terreno. Desde las imágenes se obtuvieron 12 variables compuestas por 8 bandas y 4indicadores (NDVI, NDMI, Clorofila y GNDVI) que se relacionaron con variables extraídas de muestreos de campo. Condichos datos se seleccionó el mejor modelo de regresión lineal múltiple, utilizando 3 variables para predecir °Brix y pH. Lamodelación de °Brix presenta un coeficiente de determinación R2 de 69% y 73% en las temporadas 2017 y 2018,respectivamente. En el caso de la modelación de pH, la temporada 2017 tiene bajos resultados de R2, alcanzando un43%, el cual mejora considerablemente en la temporada 2018, alcanzando un 63.8%. Determinar un modelo que permitadefinir la variabilidad de la parcela y, por tanto, las posibles zonas de maduración temprana o tardía del viñedo, es de granutilidad para concretar una mejora en la producción y por ende en la calidad del vino.
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Zubiate, P., C. R. Zamarreno, I. R. Matias, and F. J. Arregui. "Optical fiber °Brix sensor based on Lossy Mode Resonances (LMRs)." In 2014 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2014.6984926.

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Ratajeski, Roy. "New Generation of State Test House Equipment." In ASME 1994 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec1994-4001.

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The new generation State Test House Brix/Acid test system, is a bold integration of open platform, personal computer and process controller instrumentation and software sub-systems designed to maximize the efficiency and utilization of existing automatic fruit analyzer hardware. The new equipment provides cost-effective, state-of-the-art hardware connectivity and software programmability. The new generation of test house equipment is a recombination of basic industry approved automatic fruit analysis, test hardware and procedures. The scope of modernization and renovation included system rewiring, incorporation of a programmable controller, a new test computer, UNIX operating system, supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) software, a fourth generation relational data base, communications system, and a central office host computer. A new environmental systems enclosure, new weight controllers, sample scale, Super VGA color monitor, pH and temperature sensing instrumentation, multi-form printers, and 9600 baud modems were also furnished. The method of testing for Brix and acid remained intact. Paper published with permission.
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Zehe, Sebastian, Tobias Grosshauser, and Thomas Hermann. "BRIX — An easy-to-use modular sensor and actuator prototyping toolkit." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PerCom Workshops). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/percomw.2012.6197624.

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Cross, Stephen. "Membrane Concentration of Orange Juice." In ASME 1989 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec1989-3504.

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A process to concentrate orange juice to levels above 42° Brix with quality close to fresh juice is discussed. Using ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis in a patented process, concentrate of superior quality can be produced. An overview of how membrane characteristics influence the design, selection and operation of the process is presented along with operating economics. Paper published with permission.
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Singla, Sandeep Kumar, Rahul Dev Garg, and Om Prakash Dubey. "Machine Learning Models to Estimate the Sugarcane Brix Values from Multitemporal Vegetation Indices." In 2020 International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccakm46823.2020.9051545.

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Liu, Yan-de, Rong-jie Gao, Xu-dong Sun, Ai-Guo OuYang, Yuan-yuan Pan, and Xiaoling Dong. "Predicting brix of intact pears by a portable NIR spectrometry with LS-SVM." In 2010 Sixth International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2010.5583908.

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Reports on the topic "°Brix"

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Dowling, Adam. Adaptation Resources for Agriculture A Case Study: Organic Apple Orchard in Wisconsin. USDA Midwest Climate Hub, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6892664.ch.

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Working farm lands and specialty crop farms are an important and dominate part of Wisconsin’s Driftless region providing a multitude of agricultural products and jobs. One of the many challenges facing the specialty crop producers in this region and throughout the US is climate change. Brix Cider of Barneveld, WI participated in the Adaptation Workbook* 5-step process to see if there are ways for their operation to become more resilient in a changing climate.
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Bennett, Alan B., Arthur A. Schaffer, Ilan Levin, Marina Petreikov, and Adi Doron-Faigenboim. Manipulating fruit chloroplasts as a strategy to improve fruit quality. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7598148.bard.

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The Original Objectives were modified and two were eliminated to reflect the experimental results: Objective 1 - Identify additional genetic variability in SlGLK2 and IPin wild, traditional and heirloom tomato varieties Objective 2 - Determine carbon balance and horticultural characteristics of isogenic lines expressing functional and non-functional alleles of GLKsand IP Background: The goal of the research was to understand the unique aspects of chloroplasts and photosynthesis in green fruit and the consequences of increasing the chloroplast capacity of green fruit for ripe fruit sugars, yield, flavor and nutrient qualities. By focusing on the regulation of chloroplast formation and development solely in fruit, our integrated knowledge of photosynthetic structures/organs could be broadened and the results of the work could impact the design of manipulations to optimize quality outputs for the agricultural fruit with enhanced sugars, nutrients and flavors. The project was based on the hypothesis that photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic plastid metabolism in green tomato fruit is controlled at a basal level by light for minimal energy requirements but fruit-specific genes regulate further development of robust chloroplasts in this organ. Our BARD project goals were to characterize and quantitate the photosynthesis and chloroplast derived products impacted by expression of a tomato Golden 2- like 2 transcription factor (US activities) in a diverse set of 31 heirloom tomato lines and examine the role of another potential regulator, the product of the Intense Pigment gene (IP activities). Using tomato Golden 2-like 2 and Intense Pigment, which was an undefined locus that leads to enhanced chloroplast development in green fruit, we sought to determine the benefits and costs of extensive chloroplast development in fruit prior to ripening. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter, coding and intronicSlGLK2 sequences of 20 heirloom tomato lines were identified and three SlGLK2 promoter lineages were identified; two lineages also had striped fruit variants. Lines with striped fruit but no shoulders were not identified. Green fruit chlorophyll and ripe fruit soluble sugar levels were measured in 31 heirloom varieties and fruit size correlates with ripe fruit sugars but dark shoulders does not. A combination of fine mapping, recombinant generation, RNAseq expression and SNP calling all indicated that the proposed localization of a single locus IP on chr 10 was incorrect. Rather, the IP line harbored 11 separate introgressions from the S. chmielewskiparent, scattered throughout the genome. These introgressions harbored ~3% of the wild species genome and no recombinant consistently recovered the IP parental phenotype. The 11 introgressions were dissected into small combinations in segregating recombinant populations. Based on these analyses two QTL for Brix content were identified, accounting for the effect of increased Brix in the IP line. Scientific and agricultural implications: SlGLK2 sequence variation in heirloom tomato varieties has been identified and can be used to breed for differences in SlGLK2 expression and possibly in the green striped fruit phenotype. Two QTL for Brix content have been identified in the S. chmielewskiparental line and these can be used for increasing soluble solids contents in breeding programs.
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Hudson, B., T. Stubbs, and R. Heinle. BRIE containment data report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/71542.

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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. BRIC Agricultural Policies Through a WTO Lens. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896292499_05.

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Hanner, Robert. Data Standards for BARCODE Records in INSDC (BRIs). Database Working Group, Consortium for the Barcode of Life, February 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5479/10088/96518.

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Weaver, Matthew T. Miramar Brig: A Case Study of Prison Industry. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada460514.

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Fattouh, Bassam, Carolina Santos de Oliveira, and Anupama Sen. Gasoline and Diesel Pricing Reforms in the BRIC Countries. Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26889/9781784670207.

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Sweeney, Liam, and Roger Schonfeld. Diversity and Inclusion in New York City’s Cultural Sector: BRIC. New York: Ithaka S+R, May 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18665/sr.278436.

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Tanksley, Steven D., and Dani Zamir. Development and Testing of a Method for the Systematic Discovery and Utilization of Novel QTLs in the Production of Improved Crop Varieties: Tomato as a Model System. United States Department of Agriculture, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7570570.bard.

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Abstract:
Modern cultivated varieties carry only a small fraction of the variation present in the gene pool. The narrow genetic basis of modern crop plants is a result of genetic bottlenecks imposed during early domestication and modern plant breeding. The wild ancestors of most crop plants can still be found in their natural habitats and Germplasm Centers have been established to collect and maintain this material. These wild and unadapted resources can potentially fuel crop plant improvement efforts for many years into the future (Tanksley and McCouch 1997). Unfortunately, scientists have been unable to exploit the majority of the genetic potential warehoused in germplasm repositories. This is especially true as regards to the improvement of quantitative traits like yield and quality. One of the major problems is that much of the wild germplasm is inferior to modern cultivars for many of the quantitative traits that breeders would like to improve. Our research, focusing on the tomato as a model system, has shown that despite their inferior phenotypes, wild species are likely to contain QTLs that can substantially increase the yield and quality of elite cultivars (de Vicente and Tanksley 1992, Eshed and Zamir 1994, Eshed et al. 1996). Using novel population structures of introgression lines (ILs; Eshed and Zamir 1995) and advanced backcross lines (AB; Tanksley et al. 1996) we identified and introduced valuable QTLs from unadapted germplasm into elite processing tomato varieties. Populations involving crosses with five Lycopersicon species (L. pennellii (Eshed and Zamir 1994; Eshed et al. 1996; Eshed and Zamir 1996), L. hirsutum (Bernacchi et al. 1998), L. pimpinellifolium (Tanksley et al. 1996), L. parviflorum (unpub.), L. peruvianum (Fulton et al. 1997) have been field and laboratory tested in a number of locations around the world. QTLs from the wild parent were identified that improve one or more of the key quantitative traits for processing tomatoes (yield, brix, sugar and acid composition and earliness) by as much as 10-30%. Nearly isogenic lines (QTL-NILs) have been generated for a subset of these QTLs. Each QTL-NIL contains the entire genome of the elite cultivated parent except for a segment (5-40 cM) of the wild species genome corresponding to a specific QTL. The genetic material and information that was developed in this program is presently used by American and Israeli seed companies for the breeding of superior varieties. We expect that in the next few years these varieties will make a difference in the marketplace.
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Dias Teixeira, Alberto Miguel. Fundos Made in China: Teste à Hipótese da Atenção do Investidor em Investimentos nos BRIC. DINÂMIA'CET-IUL, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.7749/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2014.07.

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