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Journal articles on the topic 'Brightness pyrometry'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 May 2022

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1

Gulyaev, I. P., and A. V. Dolmatov. "Spectral-brightness pyrometry: Radiometric measurements of non-uniform temperature distributions." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 116 (January 2018): 1016–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.09.084.

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2

Karachinov, V. A., S. B. Toritsin, and D. V. Karachinov. "A system for brightness pyrometry of objects via a water streak." Instruments and Experimental Techniques 53, no. 2 (March 2010): 305–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0020441210020284.

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3

Ludanov, Konstantin. "Analytical Solutions in the Framework of Brightness and Color Spectral Pyrometry Methods." World Journal of Applied Physics 4, no. 3 (2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20190403.11.

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4

Lapshinov, B. A., and A. V. Mamontov. "High-temperature spectral thermometry in conditions of intense microwave electromagnetic fields." Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika, no. 9 (2020): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32446/0368-1025it.2020-9-54-59.

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In this paper, a practical application variant of the high-temperature spectral thermometry method for controlling the temperature of a dielectric object heated in a high-intensity microwave electromagnetic field is proposed. The advantages of using the spectral pyrometry method over the methods of color and brightness pyrometry when registering high temperatures (from 500 °C and above) are described. The optical fiber cable used in this method, which receives thermal radiation from an object heated in the microwave field, is subject to the negative influence of the electromagnetic field, which leads to its unacceptable heating and failure. To eliminate this phenomenon, a non-standard use of an cutoff waveguide placed not outside, but inside the microwave heating chamber is proposed. It is shown that this solution completely eliminates the negative influence of the electromagnetic field on the fiber optic cable and allows placing the receiving end of the cable in close proximity to the object being heated. The calculation of geometric parameters of the cutoff waveguide for the operating frequency of the electromagnetic field of 2450 MHz is given.

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5

Dolmatov, A. V., I. P. Gulyaev, P. Yu Gulyaev, and V. I. Iordan. "Control of dispersed-phase temperature in plasma flows by the spectral-brightness pyrometry method." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 110 (February 23, 2016): 012058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/110/1/012058.

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6

Garkol', D. A., P. Yu Gulyaev, V. V. Evstigneev, and A. V. Mukhachev. "A new high-speed brightness pyrometry method to investigate self-propagating high-temperature synthesis." Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves 30, no. 1 (January 1994): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00787888.

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7

Vol'pe, B. M., D. A. Garkol', V. V. Evstigneev, I. V. Milyukova, and G. V. Saigutin. "Investigation of reaction in an Ni−Al−Cr SHS system based on high-temperature brightness pyrometry." Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves 31, no. 5 (September 1995): 550–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00743806.

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8

Vol'pe, B. M., D. A. Garkol', V. V. Evstigneev, and A. B. Mukhachev. "Interaction of the nickel-aluminum system in an SHS process as studied by means of high-temperature brightness pyrometry." Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves 30, no. 3 (May 1994): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00789424.

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9

A. Bordzilovsky, Sergey, and Sergey M. Karakhanov. "The Temperature Measurements of Polymethyl Methacrylate Under Shock Loading." Siberian Journal of Physics 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54362/1818-7919-2011-6-1-116-122.

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The brightness temperature was measured in polymethyl methacrylate shocked to 35 GPa by means of the fast two wavelengths optical pyrometer. The calibration of the pyrometer was performed by using a standard tungsten ribbon incandescent lamp prior to each shot. The measured brightness temperature at the wavelength λ = 550 nm was Tb = (1540 ± 30) K and at the wavelength λ = 630 nm it was Tb = (1510 ± 110) K. The results were compared with the temperature calculations obtained from different polymethyl methacrylate equations of state. The absorption coefficient of the shocked polymethyl methacrylate (α = 2.5 mm–1) was determined by using the time dependences in the pyrometric signals

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10

Vashchenko, P. V., S. S. Boldova, and V. A. Labusov. "High-speed spectral pyrometer based on a «Kolibri-2» spectrometer." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 85, no. 1II) (February 15, 2019): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2019-85-1-ii-122-125.

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The operation speed of commercially available spectral-ratio pyrometers and brightness pyrometers often appears insufficient for control of fast-changing temperature (e.g., in a graphite cell of an AES electrothermal atomizer, the rate temperature change is 104°C/sec). An advantage of spectral pyrometers is high speed and ability to measure the temperature of objects with unknown emissivity. The goal of this study is to develop a high-speed spectral pyrometer based on a «Kolibri-2» spectrometer with BLPP-2000 photodetector array that provides a wide working wavelength range 400 – 1050 nm, and minimum basic exposure time of 0.4 msec. The temperature was calculated by plotting the emission spectrum of the object in Wien coordinates (with allowance for calibration of the spectral pyrometer using radiation source of the known temperature) and measuring slope of the obtained graph. The relative error of temperature measurements on a spectral pyrometer estimated by comparing measurement results and data obtained with a calibrated Termokont-TN5S1M (Termokont company) single-channel pyrometer was not more than 1.5% in a temperature range of 1000 — 2400°C and higher, and rapidity up to 2500 measurements/sec. The results of measuring temperature of the graphite cell of the electrothermal atomizer using a spectral pyrometer during sample atomization at a rate of temperature change up to 10 000°C/sec are presented.

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11

Snopko, V. N. "Brightness temperature measurment by a wide-band pyrometer." Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics 64, no. 1 (January 1993): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00862825.

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12

Ni, P. A., M. I. Kulish, V. Mintsev, D. N. Nikolaev, V. Ya Ternovoi, D. H. H. Hoffmann, S. Udrea, A. Hug, N. A. Tahir, and D. Varentsov. "Temperature measurement of warm-dense-matter generated by intense heavy-ion beams." Laser and Particle Beams 26, no. 4 (October 31, 2008): 583–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034608000645.

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AbstractThis paper describes a fast multi-channel radiation pyrometer that was developed for warm dense-matter experiments with intense heavy ion beams at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH (GSI). The pyrometer is capable of measuring brightness temperatures from 2000 K to 50,000 K, at six wavelengths in the visible and near-infrared parts of the spectrum, with 5 ns temporal resolution, and several micrometers spatial resolution. The pyrometer's spectral discrimination technique is based on interference filters, which also act as mirrors to allow for simultaneous spectral discrimination of the same ray at multiple wavelengths.

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13

Kulish, M. I., S. V. Dudin, A. E. Ushnurtsev, and V. B. Mintsev. "The liner brightness temperature measurement by two channel optical pyrometer." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 946 (January 2018): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/946/1/012042.

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14

Silvestrov, V. V., S. A. Bordzilovskii, S. M. Karakhanov, and A. V. Plastinin. "On Possibility of Detonation Products Temperature Measurements of Emulsion Explosives." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 59, no. 3 (October 28, 2014): 1151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2014-0200.

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Abstract The new view on the structure of the radiance signal recorded by optical pyrometer and the preliminary results of brightness detonation temperature of the emulsion explosive are presented. The structure of an optical signal observed is typical for the heterogeneous explosives. First, there is the short temperature spike to 2500 ÷ 3300 K connecting with a formation of “hot spots” assembly that fire the matrix capable of exothermal reaction. Then the relaxation of radiance to equilibrium level is observed that corresponds to brightness temperature 1840 ÷ 2260 K of explosion products at detonation pressure 1 ÷ 11 GPa. Experimental results are compared with the calculations of other authors. The detonation temperature of the investigated explosive is measured for the first time.

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15

Kolosov, Nikita А., Svetlana S. Boldova, and Pavel V. Vaschenko. "METHODS FOR HEATING CONTROL OF GRAPHITE TUBE IN ELECTROTHERMAL ATOMIZER OF ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETER." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 8 (May 21, 2021): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2021-8-47-56.

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The research is devoted to the assessment of changes in the degree of blackness (emittance) and electrical resistance of graphite tubes in the electrothermal atomizer of an atomic absorption spectrometer as they wear out. A joint change of these parameters effects on the heating of the atomizer, and, consequently, on the absorption signals of the elements of the periodic table. The heating of the atomizer is controlled by feedback on the temperature, measured using a brightness pyrometer, the measurements of which depend on degree of blackness of the graphite cuvette. Evaluation of the change in the emissivity was carried out by measuring the temperature of the cuvette with a spectral pyrometer, the measurements of which are independent of the emissivity of the controlled object. The electrical resistance, which effects on the heating rate of the cuvette, was calculated after measuring the current and voltage between the contacts of the atomizer. According to the results of the research, we can say that the main contribution to the change in the heating parameters of graphite tubes as they wear out is made by the varying emissivity.

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16

Ahn, M. H., D. Han, H. Y. Won, and V. Morris. "A cloud detection algorithm using the downwelling infrared radiance measured by an infrared pyrometer of the ground-based microwave radiometer." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 8, no. 2 (February 3, 2015): 553–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-553-2015.

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Abstract. For better utilization of the ground-based microwave radiometer, it is important to detect the cloud presence in the measured data. Here, we introduce a simple and fast cloud detection algorithm by using the optical characteristics of the clouds in the infrared atmospheric window region. The new algorithm utilizes the brightness temperature (Tb) measured by an infrared radiometer installed on top of a microwave radiometer. The two-step algorithm consists of a spectral test followed by a temporal test. The measured Tb is first compared with a predicted clear-sky Tb obtained by an empirical formula as a function of surface air temperature and water vapor pressure. For the temporal test, the temporal variability of the measured Tb during one minute compares with a dynamic threshold value, representing the variability of clear-sky conditions. It is designated as cloud-free data only when both the spectral and temporal tests confirm cloud-free data. Overall, most of the thick and uniform clouds are successfully detected by the spectral test, while the broken and fast-varying clouds are detected by the temporal test. The algorithm is validated by comparison with the collocated ceilometer data for six months, from January to June 2013. The overall proportion of correctness is about 88.3% and the probability of detection is 90.8%, which are comparable with or better than those of previous similar approaches. Two thirds of discrepancies occur when the new algorithm detects clouds while the ceilometer does not, resulting in different values of the probability of detection with different cloud-base altitude, 93.8, 90.3, and 82.8% for low, mid, and high clouds, respectively. Finally, due to the characteristics of the spectral range, the new algorithm is found to be insensitive to the presence of inversion layers.

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17

Ahn, M. H., D. Han, H. Y. Won, and V. Morris. "A cloud detection algorithm using the downwelling infrared radiance measured by an infrared pyrometer of the ground-based microwave radiometer." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 7, no. 9 (September 16, 2014): 9413–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-7-9413-2014.

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Abstract. For a better utilization of the ground-based microwave radiometer, it is important to detect the cloud presence in the measured data. Here, we introduce a simple and fast cloud detection algorithm by using the optical characteristics of the clouds in the infrared atmospheric window region. The new algorithm utilizes the brightness temperature (Tb) measured by an infrared radiometer installed on top of a microwave radiometer. The two step algorithm consists of a spectral test followed by a temporal test. The measured Tb is first compared with a predicted clear sky Tb obtained by an empirical formula as a function of surface air temperature and water vapor pressure. For the temporal test, the temporal variability of the measured Tb during one minute compares with a dynamic threshold value, representing the variability of the clear sky condition. It is designated as cloud free data only when both the spectral and temporal tests confirm a cloud free data. Overall, most of the thick and uniform clouds are successfully screened out by the spectral test, while the broken and fast-varying clouds are screened out by the temporal test. The algorithm is validated by comparison with the collocated ceilometer data for 6 months, from January 2013 to June 2013. The overall proportion correct is about 88.3% and the probability of detection is 90.8%, which are comparable with or better than those of previous similar approaches. Two thirds of failures occur when the new algorithm detects clouds while the ceilometer does not detect, resulting in different values of the probability of detection with different cloud base altitude, 93.8, 90.3, and 82.8% for low, mid, and high clouds, respectively. Finally, due to the characteristics of the spectral range, the new algorithm is found to be insensitive to the presence of inversion layers.

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