Academic literature on the topic 'Bricks - Compressive Strength'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bricks - Compressive Strength"
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Dhoska, Klodian, Saimir Tola, Agus Pramono, and Indrit Vozga. "Evaluation of measurement uncertainty for the determination of the mechanical resistance of the brick samples by using uniaxial compressive strength test." International Journal of Metrology and Quality Engineering 9 (2018): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ijmqe/2018012.
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Clay bricks are the most important engineering materials that can influence the quality of the construction. The quality control of the clay bricks is of prime importance to improve the quality of engineering construction. The qualities of bricks for construction applications should be checked for various types of inspection services. In this article, our inspection service was focused on compression strength test on bricks to determine their mechanical resistance and suitability for construction work. The accurate method for clay brick's production measurements has been elaborated using uniaxial compressive strength testing machine. The method was tested for a rectangular clay brick manufactured with size approximately 250 mm × 250 mm × 200 mm. The measurement method and standard uncertainty estimation of uniaxial compressive strength are briefly described in this article.
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P. Nandurkar, B., and Dr A. M. Pande. "Critical studies on bond strengths of masonry units." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4 (September 17, 2018): 2250. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.15308.
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Performance of masonry is normally attributed to compressive strength of individual units, water absorption of individual units, strength of masonry mortar and the bond between mortar and individual units. Many researches in the past have contributed towards the bond strength and relevance of compressive strength of mortar in achieving good bonds. However, the quality of bricks available in India significantly vary from region the region. Thus, a need is felt in understanding bond strength of masonry. In this paper three types of mortars(total nine combinations), two types of bricks (red clay brick and fly ash brick) are considered, tests such as compressive strength, water absorption of the bricks, compressive strength of various mortar combinations, flexure bond strength and shear bond strength are presented. Failure patterns of the masonry units are also discussed. Results of the two tests show noticeable variation in bond strengths, however the shear bond strength has significant relationship with the compressive strength of mortar. The research outcome also points towards using bricks in saturated condition for achieving adequate performance.
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Suciu, Ovidiu, Radu Cruciat, and Cristian Lucian Ghindea. "Experimental Case Studies on Clay Fired Bricks Compressive Strength." Key Engineering Materials 601 (March 2014): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.601.215.
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Modern age manufacture technology requires controlled conditions for the burning and pressing of the clay bricks, while in the past these aspects weren't strictly controlled. It is expected to have different behaviours of the brick units for existing masonry buildings, as a result of the diverse fabrication technologies at different moments in time. The present paper presents a case study about the experimental testing on two batches of clay fired bricks. First batch is obtained from an existing structures and the second batch is represented by new bricks. Compression tests were conducted on specimens extracted from every batch of bricks. The experimental tests were carried out according to the current national standard for masonry units. For every tested batch of bricks, the standardized compression strength was computed as an arithmetic mean of the corrected ultimate stress. Following the large dispersion of the results for the specimens obtained from old bricks, the authors consider the standard method to determine the compressive strength of the bricks isn’t suitable for the determination of the brick batch class. Therefore, a series of probabilistic calculation were conducted by the assimilation of the experimental tests results to the processing methods characteristic for masonry. Using these procedures, the characteristic and the 5% fractile value of the compressive strength were determined for every batch of masonry units.
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Chang, Jin, Shi-lin Luo, Aierken Ailifeila, Lin-lin Chong, and Jian-qing Jiang. "Effects of Coarse and Fine Crushed Clay Brick Content on the Compressive Strength of Recycled Aggregate Concrete and the Microscopic Mechanism." Geofluids 2022 (May 29, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1341185.
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The objective of this study is to investigate the compressive strength and microstructural evolution of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) containing coarse and fine clay brick aggregates. The compressive strength tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests were performed on RAC and natural aggregate concrete (NAC) containing different coarse and fine crushed clay brick contents. The results showed that the compressive strength of NAC and RAC decreased with the increase of crushed clay brick content, and the growth rate of their compressive strength slowed down with the increase of age. At the same age and replacement rate, fine crushed clay bricks had less effect on the compressive strength of RAC than coarsely crushed clay bricks. The compressive strength of RAC aged 60 days, mixed with 60% fine brick slag and mixed with 60% coarse brick slag, is 10.49% and 14.75% lower than that of RAC aged 60 days and mixed with 0% fine brick slag, respectively. Compared with RAC, the compressive strength of NAC was more significantly affected by grading. The interfacial transition zones inside RAC had loose crystals and high porosity, with a weak adhesion between the crushed clay bricks and mortar interfaces. The crushed clay bricks did not affect the types of concrete hydration products, and Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate (C-S-H) and Ca(OH)2 crystals remained the early hydration products in RAC with crushed clay bricks. Nevertheless, the crushed clay bricks inhibited the hydration reaction of the concrete, resulting in decreasing hydration products in NAC, RAC, and RAC with crushed clay bricks.
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Mulinta, Soravich. "Influence of Grog and Cement on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Unfired Clay Bricks." Key Engineering Materials 608 (April 2014): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.608.41.
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The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of red clay, grog and cement content (5,10,15,20%) on unfired clay brick’s properties. The comparative properties of construction bricks produced by the community fulfilled the requirements of Thai industrial standard (TIS 77-2545) for brick processing in Small and Micro Community Enterprise of Clay Brick Making Group in Son Bun Reung village. The physical and mechanical properties were tested consisting of the volume shrinkage, bulk density, appearance porosity, moisture expansion, slaking, compressive and fractural strength. The result showed that physical-mechanical properties were improved by the addition of cement. The unfired clay brick consisting of 100% grog and 20% cement had 4.5% shrinkage value. The bulk density and appearance porosity were 1.77 g/cm2 and 3.5%, respectively. The fractural strength of unfired clay bricks was 41.2 kg/cm2. The compressive strength of unfired clay bricks was 282.4 kg/cm2. The clay bricks were not slaking.
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Mail, Abdul, Ebang, Nurhayati Fauf, and Muhammad Fachry Hafid. "Composition Analysis of Perforated Concrete Roster Raw Materials To Improve Product Compressive Strength Using Experimental Design Approach." Journal of Industrial System Engineering and Management 1, no. 1 (March 25, 2022): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.56882/jisem.v1i1.5.
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The compressive strength of lightweight bricks produced by CV. Sinar Jaya Maros has a very high variation because there is no standard raw material composition that meets SNI standards, according to SNI 03-0349-1989 that the requirements for hollow concrete bricks for K-350 concrete quality must have a compressive strength of 350 kg/cm2. This research was conducted to design an improvement or quality improvement of hollow concrete brick products in CV. Sinar Jaya Maros. The quality improvement is in increasing the compressive strength of the concrete brick with an optimal composition. Quality improvement was carried out by using the Taguchi method experimental design to obtain the optimal combination of compositions. The orthogonal array notation used is L9(34) with material control factors in the form of cement (A), water (B), and (C), and Casting plaster (D). Data processing is carried out by calculating ANOVA on the average value and S/N Ratio with the best nominal classification. The classification was chosen because the closer to the compressive strength based on the SNI of hollow concrete bricks, the higher the quality of the concrete bricks. This ANOVA calculation is carried out to know which factors have a significant effect on the compressive strength of concrete bricks. The test conducted to determine the quality of lightweight bricks is the compressive strength test of concrete which is carried out using a compression machine. Based on the results of data processing, the ratio of the optimal composition of cement:water: sand was obtained by 2:1:3,5. Confirmation experiments prove that the compressive strength of the composition is robust.
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Djaelani, Mohammad, Didit Darmawan, Ella Anastasya Sinambela, and Rahayu Mardikaningsih. "Comparison Study Of Compressive Strength Of Red Bricks And Light Bricks." Jurnal Ilmiah Vastuwidya 5, no. 2 (August 9, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.47532/jiv.v5i2.662.
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The progress of development in Indonesia is very rapid, building materials are demanded to have very good quality. The purpose of this study is to determine the comparison of the compressive strength of red brick and lightweight brick as it should be in the field of development that affects economic development, in this study it is very useful for the community when buying materials. This type of research is qualitative. The data was obtained by conducting research on data analysis techniques. used is to use a formula to determine the value of compressive strength. The results showed that red bricks and light bricks had different compressive strength values. Lightweight bricks which are heated in the sun for 7 days have a compressive strength value of 58.916 kg/cm², while those that are soaked in water for 4 days have a compressive strength value of 36.256 kg/cm² and those which are blown in the wind for 28 days have a compressive strength value of 45.32 kg/cm². cm². for red bricks that are dried for 5 days and then burned for 1 day. after the red bricks are ripe and then heated in the sun for 7 days has a compressive strength value of 33,709 kg/cm² while those that are soaked for 4 days have a compressive strength value of 29,495 kg/cm² and those that are ventilated for 28 days have a compressive strength value of 25,281 kg/cm².
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Dzulkifli, NA, RC Omar, Fathoni Usman, Hairin Taha, and KA Sanusi. "Compressive Strength of Vege-Grout Bricks." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.35 (November 30, 2018): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.35.22902.
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Brick is one of largest material used in construction of infrastructure all over the world. A conventional bricks such as clay brick and concrete brick are produced from clay with high temperature kiln firing and from ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete respectively. Both of this activities lead to CO2 emission. The burning process requires high temperature at the same time release carbon dioxide and pollute the environment. At present, carbon emissions has become a crucial issues in the society that must be solved. Several studies had demonstrated that brick can be produced from bacteria based on Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP). The objective of this study is to develop cement free- brick from vegetables waste with added eggshell as calcium additive to induce biocementation of brick. Brick specimen was cast in the mould size 210 x 90 x 65 mm and casting for 28 days. The study showed that there was an increased in compressive strength up to 0.062 N/mm2 as the curing period increased to 28 days which showed the occurrence of biocementation activities. SEM-EDX analysis confirmed the presence of calcite precipitation. The result indicated that vege-grout can be used as binding agent for biocementation to produce bricks.
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Sonata, Herix, Dewi Yudiana Shinta, and Mulyadi Mulyadi. "PEMANFAATAN ABU LIMBAH KERTAS PADA PEMBUATAN BATU BATA." Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 15, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jil.15.1.p.109-120.
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The increasing number of population each year makes the number of building needs for houses, buildings, schools, offices and other infrastructure will increase. In general, building consumption cannot be separated from the use of bricks as a form of wall construction in building construction. The size and compressive strength of bricks circulating in the market are of poor quality which comes from fabrication, local work or home industries. In the brick-making process, bricklayers only use certain types of soil to maintain the quality of brick production. As a result, the availability of soil as the main material in brick making will decrease. Another alternative to meet the shortcomings of the brick-forming material and make it stronger and more durable, can be used as a substitute for other materials such as waste paper. The use of paper waste is an effort to find new types of building materials and to reduce environmental pollution problems due to paper waste. This study aims to analyze the concentration of the addition of paper waste ash on the strength of the bricks. The benefit of this research is as an alternative study of meeting the needs of brick raw materials for environmentally friendly buildings by utilizing paper waste ash. The results showed the effect of a mixture of paper waste ash as a clay additive on the compressive strength of normal bricks (fc '2.9 MPa). The percentage value of compressive strength with a mixture of paper waste ash 3% obtained an average compressive strength of 40.10 kg / cm2, 5% mixture variation obtained an average compressive strength of 61.48 kg / cm2 and 7% mixture variation obtained an average compressive strength average 64.12 kg / cm2 against the compressive strength of normal bricks 37.28 kg / cm2. The conclusion of this research is that the variation of the mixture of paper waste ash with a variation of 7% paper waste ash mixture exceeding 60 kg / cm² (compressive strength class III) SNI 15-2094-2000a. This shows that paper waste ash can increase the compressive strength of bricks.
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Guo, Chen, Jiafeng Kong, Zhenghua Wang, Xiangbin Meng, Yuchao Zhao, Wenhao Wu, and Hongzhu Quan. "Study on Preparation and Properties of Sintered Brick from Multi-Source Solid Waste." Applied Sciences 12, no. 19 (October 10, 2022): 10181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app121910181.
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The recycling of construction waste and the use of a new sintering process in the field of sintered bricks can greatly solve the problems of clay resource depletion, soil structure destruction, and high CO2 emissions that always limit the development of the sintered brick field. The study was carried out using an orthogonal experiment to derive the optimal mix ratio for the preparation of sintered bricks, and subsequently, the sintered bricks were prepared using the optimal mix ratio. The experimental results show that the maximum compressive strength of construction waste sintered brick (MRB sintered brick) prepared using high-temperature sintering is 8.1 MPa, and the water absorption is 11. When the waste glass slag is mixed with 10%, it can show a better fluxing effect in the preparation of sintered bricks by mixing construction waste with waste glass slag (MGB sintered bricks), so that the MGB sintered bricks have a higher densification. The compressive strength is 32.9% higher and the water absorption is 3.5% lower than that of MRB sintered brick. MGS sintered bricks were prepared by mixing Yellow River sedimentary sand into MGB sintered bricks. The strength of MGS sintered bricks increased with the replacement rate of Yellow River sedimentary sand, and when the replacement rate of Yellow River sedimentary sand reached 16%, the strength of the MGS sintered bricks increased by 88.9%, and the water absorption rate was reduced by 4.6% compared with the MGB sintered bricks. The sintering mechanism had significant effects on the compressive strength, weathering resistance, and frost resistance of the sintered brick. The microwave sintering process has the characteristics of high efficiency, uniform heating, selective heating, and low thermal inertia, which can increase the compressive strength of MGS sintered brick by 4.6%, reduce the water absorption by 12.9%, shorten the sintering time by 43.6%, and improve the frost resistance.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bricks - Compressive Strength"
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Bruno, Agostino Walter. "Étude du comportement hygro- mécanique de la terre crue hyper-compactée pour la construction durable." Thesis, Pau, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU3021/document.
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Cette étude vise à contribuer au développement d’un produit de construction à faible impact environnemental utilisant la terre crue. Pour cela, le comportement hygro-mécanique de la terre crue compressée à haute pression par une technique novatrice mise au point dans ce projet a été caractérisé. De plus, plusieurs méthodes de stabilisation ont été évaluées afin d’améliorer la durabilité de ce matériau, notamment vis-à-vis de l’érosion induite par l’eau. Une vaste campagne d’essais expérimentaux a été menée sur ces matériaux stabilisés ou non, à deux échelles différentes : les caractérisations des échantillons cylindriques (petite échelle) ont tout d’abord permis de sélectionner la formulation optimale. Par la suite, les tests menés à grande échelle sur les briques de terre compressée ont contribué à développer un produit pour la construction. Une nouvelle technique de fabrication basée sur l’application d’une contrainte de compactage très élevée (hyper-compactage) a été mise au point. Son objectif principal est d’augmenter la densité du matériau afin d’améliorer ses performances mécaniques. Les échantillons compactés par la méthode proposée présentent une densité sèche d’environ 2320 kg/m3, ce qui représente la valeur la plus élevée jamais enregistrée dans la littérature pour une terre non stabilisée. Les effets de la contrainte de compactage sur la microstructure du matériau ont été analysés par intrusion au mercure et adsorption d’azote liquide. Les résultats montrent que l’augmentation de la contrainte de compactage réduit la porosité du matériau, majoritairement les grands pores inter-agrégats. Cependant, le compactage mécanique influence peu les petits pores intra-agrégats. L'approfondissement de la caractérisation des propriétés microstructurales des échantillons stabilisés constitue un développement intéressant de ce travail. La résistance et la rigidité des échantillons non stabilisés et stabilisés ont été mesurées. Ces essais mécaniques confirment que la méthode d'hyper-compactage permet d’améliorer grandement la réponse mécanique du matériau par rapport aux techniques de fabrication existantes. Ainsi, les briques réalisées présentent une résistance en compression comparable à celle-là des matériaux traditionnels de construction (e.g. terre stabilisée et briques en terre cuite). Pour compléter cette étude, des essais mécaniques à l’échelle paroi sont à mener. Le comportement hygroscopique des échantillons stabilisés et non stabilisés a été analysé par la mesure du paramètre MBV (i.e. Moisture Buffering Value), qui traduit la capacité d’échange avec la vapeur d’eau. Il s'avère que la terre non stabilisée possède une excellente capacité à absorber et relarguer l’humidité ambiante. Cette capacité est, par contre, réduite pour les échantillons stabilisés testés dans le cadre de cette étude. La caractérisation du comportement thermique de la terre compressée à haute pression ainsi que l’analyse expérimentale des transferts thermo-hygroscopiques à l’échelle paroi représentent deux compléments d'étude afin de préciser le comportement hygroscopique d'un mur à base de terre crue. Enfin, la durabilité par rapport à l’érosion induite par l’eau des briques stabilisées et non stabilisées a été estimée à travers les essais d’immersion, de succion et de contact qui sont prévus par la norme DIN 18945 (2013). Les briques stabilisées montrent une meilleure résistance à l’eau par rapport aux briques non stabilisées. Toutefois, des études supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour améliorer les méthodes de stabilisation garantissant la durabilité dans le cas d'applications structurelles exposées aux intempéries, tout en maintenant de bonnes performances hygro-mécaniques et un faible impact environnementalThe present work explores the hygro-mechanical behaviour of a raw earth material and investigates different stabilisation techniques to improve the durability of the material against water erosion. An extensive campaign of laboratory tests was performed on both unstabilised and stabilised materials at two different scales: small cylindrical samples and large bricks. An innovative manufacturing method based on the application of very high compaction pressures (hypercompaction) was proposed. Also, the compaction load was maintained constant for a sufficient period of time to allow soil consolidation. The main objective was to increase material density, thus improving mechanical performance. Samples compacted with the proposed method exhibited a dry density of about 2320 kg/m3, which is the highest value registered in the literature for an unstabilised earthen material. The effect of the compaction pressure on the material fabric was assessed by means of mercury intrusion porosimetry and nitrogen adsorption tests. Results showed that the increase of compaction pressure reduced material porosity with major effects on large inter-aggregate pores. On the contrary, small intra-aggregate pores were not affected by the mechanical compaction. Mechanical tests were then performed to measure stiffness and strength of both unstabilised and stabilised samples. These tests demonstrated that hypercompaction can largely improve the mechanical response of the material over conventional manufacturing methods. Hypercompacted bricks showed a compressive strength comparable with that of traditional building materials, such as stabilised compressed earth and fired bricks. The hygroscopic behaviour of both unstabilised and stabilised samples was investigated. The capacity of the samples to absorb/release water vapour was assessed by measuring their moisture buffering value (MBV). Results showed that unstabilised earth has an excellent capacity to buffer ambient humidity. This capacity was significantly reduced by the different stabilisation techniques tested in the present work. Finally, the durability against water erosion of both unstabilised and stabilised bricks was assessed by performing different tests prescribed by the norm DIN 18945 (2013). Stabilised bricks exhibited a higher resistance against water erosion compared to unstabilised bricks. Still, these materials cannot be adopted for structural applications exposed to natural weathering as indicated by the norm DIN 18945 (2013). Therefore, further investigation is required to identify novel stabilisation methods that can balance the needs of sustainability, durability, moisture buffering and mechanical performance
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Calderón, Peñafiel Juan Carlos. "Estudio experimental de geopolímeros de arcillas en función de la resistencia mecánica." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667124.
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Considering that architecture and construction play an active part in the current global warming problems, there is a need to develop resistant construction materials with coherent environmental characteristics. The main objective of this research was to test the principles of geopolymerization in the manufacture of experimental polymerized-clay bricks and to improve the mechanical characteristics of the bricks, while maintaining low levels of embodied energy. The research included the state of the art of clays, geopolymers and an experimental study that included the design, manufacturing, characterization and analysis of raw materials and experimental bricks based on clay. The optimized polymerized-clay bricks showed compressive strengths between 20-30MPa with 80-90% less environmental impact than common fired bricks. The results showed that the principles of geopolymerization can be applied in the manufacture of natural clay materials with success, increasing mechanical performance and maintaining low levels of embodied energy.Considerando que la arquitectura y la construcción forman parte activa en la problemática medioambiental global, existe la necesidad de desarrollar materiales de construcción resistentes con características ambientales coherentes. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue probar los principios de geopolimerización en la fabricación de bloques experimentales de arcilla natural para dotarlos de mejores características mecánicas, manteniendo niveles bajos de energía incorporada. La investigación incluyó el estado del arte de las arcillas, geopolímeros y un estudio experimental que abarcó el diseño, fabricación, caracterización y análisis de materiales precursores y bloques experimentales a base de arcilla. Los bloques optimizados mostraron resistencias a compresión entre 20-30MPa con 80-90% menos impacto ambiental que los ladrillos de arcilla cocida. Los resultados evidenciaron que los principios de geopolimerización pueden ser aplicados en la fabricación de materiales de arcilla natural con éxito, incrementando el desempeño mecánico y manteniendo niveles bajos de energía incorporada.
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Malek, M. H. "Compressive strength of brickwork masonry with special reference to concentrated load." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380450.
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O'Farrell, Martin. "The durability of mortar with ground clay brick as partial cement replacement." Thesis, University of South Wales, 1999. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/the-durability-of-mortar-with-ground-clay-brick-as-partial-cement-replacement(31d9c04b-b950-4be8-be40-46984c1c30d6).html.
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The work in this thesis examines the suitability of utilising ground waste brick as a cement replacement material. The brick types investigated were obtained from the UK,Denmark, Lithuania and Poland. Cement was partially replaced by various quantities and types of ground brick in mortar and concrete. Compressive strength, pore size distribution and sorptivity of mortar generally all benefit from the presence of ground brick and the greatest effect can be seen after water curing for one year. Compressive strength of concrete is also shown to increase as the fineness of ground brick increases although the optimum particle size for ground brick in concrete is still to be determined. The ground bricks investigated have a significant effect on the performance of ground brick mortar when exposed to sodium sulphate solution and synthetic seawater. It is seen that depending on the chemical and phase composition, the effect of ground brick can increase substantially the rate of deterioration of mortar or can reduce significantly the expansion observed. No definite mechanism was identified as being responsible for the observed deterioration of mortar exposed to sodium sulphate solution although it seems likely that water intake due to ettringite formation and adsorption of water by the resultant colloidal product are the primary causes of expansion. Sulphate content, glass content and oxide chemistry of brick are key factors as to its performance when used as a cement replacement material in mortar. Bricks with a high proportion of low calcium glass make very effective pozzolans. Bricks with high calcium glass or a low proportion of glass should not be used as pozzolans. Small amounts of sulphate in ground brick do not have any serious deleterious effects on ground brick mortars and can be beneficial. It is established that it is technically feasible to partially replace cement with ground brick in mortar and concrete, depending on its chemical and phase composition to produce a more durable, cost effective and (due to the lower cement content) a less environmentally damaging material than that produced without cement replacement.
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Pinchi, Morey Sanddy Rocío, and Mejia Hosvick Jeffer Ramirez. "Propuesta de aplicación del método de auto-curado adicionando ladrillo triturado al agregado grueso para disminuir las fisuras superficiales y aumentar la resistencia a la compresión del concreto en zonas cálidas (Lima Norte)." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652529.
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El concreto es uno de los materiales más utilizados en el mundo de la construcción, de las cuales cada material en la mezcla depende de la resistencia que se requiera de acuerdo al análisis estructural. Dentro del proceso de producción de concreto debemos garantizar que el cemento reaccione químicamente y desarrolle la resistencia para la cual fue diseñada, para esto es importante mantenerlo hidratado en ese tiempo mediante el proceso de curado. Una técnica aún no tan conocida es el auto-curado del concreto, por lo cual es una necesidad saber cuál es su influencia en el desarrollo de la resistencia y en la disminución del porcentaje de agrietamiento del concreto en estado plástico.
El objetivo de esta tesis es determinar la influencia que tiene el reemplazar un cierto porcentaje de ladrillo triturado como reemplazo del agregado grueso; evaluando la resistencia a la compresión, resistencia a la flexión, y el agrietamiento por contracción plástica del concreto. Se desarrolló con 3 diferentes porcentajes de reemplazo de ladrillo triturado que son: 15%, 21%, 27% del peso del agregado grueso para la resistencia a la compresión (f’c) de 280 kg/cm2.
Se concluyó que reemplazo del agregado grueso por ladrillo triturado es efectivo cuando es usado hasta un máximo de 21%. Los resultados obtenidos son óptimos y viables en el tiempo, mostrándonos un aumento en la resistencia a la compresión, resistencia a la flexión y la disminución del porcentaje de fisuras en estado plástico.Concrete is one of the most used materials in the world of construction, of which each material in the mixture depends on the strength required according to the structural analysis. Within the concrete production process, we must ensure that the cement reacts chemically and develops the resistance for which it was designed, for this it is important to keep it hydrated at that time through the curing process. A technique not yet so well known is the self-curing of concrete, so it is a necessity to know what its influence is in the development of resistance and in the reduction of the percentage of cracking of concrete in the plastic state. The objective of this thesis is to determine the influence of replacing a certain percentage of crushed brick as a replacement for coarse aggregate; evaluating the compressive strength, flexural strength, and cracking by plastic shrinkage of concrete. It was developed with 3 different percentages of crushed brick replacement that are: 15%, 21%, 27% of the weight of the coarse aggregate for the compressive strength (f’c) of 280 kg / cm2. It was concluded that replacement of coarse aggregate with crushed brick is effective when used up to a maximum of 21%. The results obtained are optimal and viable over time, showing an increase in compressive strength, flexural strength and a decrease in the percentage of cracks in the plastic state.
Tesis
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Řezník, Bohuslav. "Geopolymery na bázi elektrárenských popílků a cihelného střepu." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390250.
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In line with the current focus on utilizing side products of various production processes, this dissertation thesis analyzes the process of alkali activation of particular side products: fly ash and brick fragments. This activation produces geopolymeric materials widely used in civil engineering. The thesis aims to optimize the geopolymerization process so that the resulting geopolymer is both ecologically and economically viable. To that end, the thesis studies the course of geopolymeric reaction between the alkali activator and fly ash from: (i) the Chvaletice power plant, (ii) the Dětmarovice power plant, and (iii) biomass combustion, as well as (iv) fluid fly ash from the Hodonín power plant. All experiments of geopolymeric reaction have focused on the factors influencing the synthesis of geopolymers—that is: composition of the alkali activator, the ratio of alumino-silicate to the activator, and the impact of temperature on structure of the synthesized geopolymer. Further, the thesis analyzed the synthesized polymer’s microstructure, phase composition, resistance against corrosive conditions, and compressive strength, as well as mechanical-fracture properties of selected fly-ash geopolymers. The thesis finds that the most suitable for geopolymeric synthesis appears to be the fly ash from the Chvaletice power plant in which case the obtained geopolymers showed best properties in the studied areas. The fly ash from the Dětmarovice power plant, biomass fly ash, and fluid fly ash have failed to reach acceptable properties. Separately, the thesis studies the geopolymerization of brick body that could be suitable input for alkali activation. The geopolymers synthesized from brick fragments resulted in materials of supperior mechanical strength. A mixed use of fly ash and brick fragments failed to show a synergetic effect. Properties of the resulting geopolymers have been inferior to the properties of geopolymers produced using just fly ash or just brick body.
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Vítková, Barbora. "Stavební průzkum a diagnostika objektu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226968.
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The subject of this diploma thesis is the diagnostic survey of the masonry walls and the connecting bridge in the East Moat of Špilberk Castle. The thesis contains theoretical information about survey and diagnostics of building construction and then evaluation of diagnostic methods used for estimation of essential characteristics of masonry structures. In the practical part the diagnostic investigation of Špilberk Castle walls is processed. That includes determination of material characteristics of the studied structure. In the conclusion there is a suggestion of how to eliminate the structural defects found during the survey.
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Novotný, David. "Stavební průzkum, diagnostika a návrh rekonstrukce objektu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227624.
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The subject of this thesis is the diagnostic investigation of block A in the object at Rumiště 8, Brno. The work includes theoretical knowledge of technical surveys and diagnostic methods and their evaluation to identify the essential characteristics of masonry and timber structures. In the practical part is the diagnostic investigation processed. Part of the diagnostic investigation is the determination of material characteristics of the structure. At the end of the thesis is an assessment of the structure.
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Kopecký, Martin. "Průzkum a hodnocení zděné budovy zámečku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265736.
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This diploma thesis deals with the diagnostics of masonry structures. In the theoretical part of this thesis it is described the system of assessment of existing structures and then the assessment of existing masonry structures. The next chapter states the methods of survey of masonry structures, including evaluation. The practical part of the thesis deals with the survey of the building of a small castle. This survey includes a brief history of the castle building, the preliminary inspection of the building and the research of the supporting structure. The result of the survey is to determine the material characteristics of masonry.
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Bartoň, Vojtěch. "Metodika zkoušek historických cihel a zdiva." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409950.
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This diploma thesis is focused on methodology for sorting of solid fired bricks for reconstruction of historical buildings. The theorethical part of this thesis includes description of production technology of solid fired bricks and diagnostic methods. In practical part there are these methods aplied on the solid fired bricks, which are intended for reconstruction of the bridge in Sedlec. There are monitored changes in structure of solid fired bricks caused by repeated freezing and defrosting. This changes are monitored by resonant frequency method and ultasonic pulse method.
Book chapters on the topic "Bricks - Compressive Strength"
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Law, D. W., C. Gunasekara, and S. Setunge. "Use of Brown Coal Ash as a Replacement of Cement in Concrete Masonry Bricks." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 23–25. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3330-3_4.
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AbstractPortland cement production is not regarded as environmentally friendly, because of its associated high carbon emissions, which are responsible for 5% of global emissions. An alternative is to substitute fly ash for Portland cement. Australia has an abundance of brown coal fly ash, as it is the main source of primary energy in the State of Victoria. Currently, the majority of this material is stored in landfills and currently there is no commercial use for it in the cement industry because brown coal fly ash cannot be used as a direct replacement material for Portland cement due to the high sulfur and calcium content and low aluminosilicate content. However, the potential exists to use brown coal fly ash as a geopolymeric material, but there remains a significant amount of research needed to be conducted. One possible application is the production of geopolymer concrete bricks. A research project was undertaken to investigate the use of brown coal fly ash from Latrobe Valley power stations in the manufacture of geopolymer masonry bricks. The research developed a detailed understanding of the fundamental chemistry behind the activation of the brown coal fly ash and the reaction mechanisms involved to enable the development of brown coal fly ash geopolymer concrete bricks. The research identified suitable manufacturing techniques to investigate relationships between compressive strength and processing parameters and to understand the reaction kinetics and microstructural developments. The first phase of the research determined the physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties of the Loy Yang and Yallourn fly ash samples to produce a 100% fly ash-based geopolymer mortar. Optimization of the Loy Yang and Yallourn geopolymer mortars was conducted to identify the chemical properties that were influential in the production of satisfactory geopolymer strength. The Loy Yang mortars were able to produce characteristic compressive strengths acceptable in load-bearing bricks (15 MPa), whereas the Yallourn mortars produced characteristic compressive strengths only acceptable as non-load-bearing bricks (5 MPa). The second phase of the research transposed the optimal geopolymer mortar mix designs into optimal geopolymer concrete mix designs while merging the mix design with the optimal Adbri Masonry (commercial partner) concrete brick mix design. The reference mix designs allowed for optimization of both the Loy Yang and Yallourn geopolymer concrete mix designs, with the Loy Yang mix requiring increased water content because the original mix design was deemed to be too dry. The key factors that influenced the compressive strength of the geopolymer mortars and concrete were identified. The amorphous content was considered a vital aspect during the initial reaction process of the fly ash geopolymers. The amount of unburnt carbon content contained in the fly ash can hinder the reactive process, and ultimately, the compressive strength because unburnt carbon can absorb the activating solution, thus reducing the particle to liquid interaction ratio in conjunction with lowering workability. Also, fly ash with a higher surface area showed lower flowability than fly ash with a smaller surface area. It was identified that higher quantity of fly ash particles <45 microns increased reactivity whereas primarily angular-shaped fly ash suffered from reduced workability. The optimal range of workability lay between the 110–150 mm slump, which corresponded with higher strength displayed for each respective precursor fly ash. Higher quantities of aluminum incorporated into the silicate matrix during the reaction process led to improved compressive strengths, illustrated by the formation of reactive aluminosilicate bonds in the range of 800–1000 cm–1 after geopolymerization, which is evidence of a high degree of reaction. In addition, a more negative fly ash zeta potential of the ash was identified as improving the initial deprotonation and overall reactivity of the geopolymer, whereas a less negative zeta potential of the mortar led to increased agglomeration and improved gel development. Following geopolymerization, increases in the quantity of quartz and decreases in moganite correlated with improved compressive strength of the geopolymers. Overall, Loy Yang geopolymers performed better, primarily due to the higher aluminosilicate content than its Yallourn counterpart. The final step was to transition the optimal geopolymer concrete mix designs to producing commercially acceptable bricks. The results showed that the structural integrity of the specimens was reduced in larger batches, indicating that reactivity was reduced, as was compressive strength. It was identified that there was a relationship between heat transfer, curing regimen and structural integrity in a large-volume geopolymer brick application. Geopolymer bricks were successfully produced from the Loy Yang fly ash, which achieved 15 MPa, suitable for application as a structural brick. Further research is required to understand the relationship between the properties of the fly ash, mixing parameters, curing procedures and the overall process of brown coal geopolymer concrete brick application. In particular, optimizing the production process with regard to reducing the curing temperature to ≤80 °C from the current 120 °C and the use of a one-part solid activator to replace the current liquid activator combination of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate.
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Khuzwayo, Bonga. "Compressive Strength and Water Absorption Capacity of Clay Bricks in South Africa." In Towards a Sustainable Construction Industry: The Role of Innovation and Digitalisation, 247–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22434-8_25.
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Divakar, L., R. K. Chethan Gowda, Abhishek Pulgur, and H. C. Maruthi. "Compressive Strength and Water Absorption Characteristics of Fly Ash and Wood Ash Replaced Cement Mortar Bricks." In Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering, 417–22. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1202-1_35.
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Trakoolngam, Kritika, Sarunya Promkotra, and Tawiwan Kangsadan. "Compressive Strength of Fired-Clay Brick with Variations in Composition of Rice Husk Ash Compared with Ancient Bricks in Dvāravatī Peroid, Northeast Thailand." In RILEM Bookseries, 2359–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99441-3_253.
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Md Daud, Atikah Fatma, and Zakiah Ahmad. "Strength of Quarry Dust Modular Bricks and Wallettes Under Compression." In InCIEC 2013, 141–51. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-02-6_13.
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Sahu, Santosini, Peri Raghava Ravi Teja, Pradip Sarkar, and Robin Davis. "Correlation Establishment of Compressive Strength and Bond Strength of Fly Ash Brick Masonry." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 841–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5644-9_67.
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Pahroraji, Mohamad Ezad Hafez Mohd, Hamidah Mohd Saman, Mohamad Nidzam Rahmat, and Kartini Kamaruddin. "Compressive Strength and Density of Unfired Lightweight Coal Ash Brick." In InCIEC 2013, 577–88. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-02-6_50.
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Jegatheeswaran, D., and M. Soundar Rajan. "Comparative Studies of Compressive Strength on Different Brick Masonry Prisms." In Proceedings of International Conference on Innovative Technologies for Clean and Sustainable Development (ICITCSD – 2021), 697–704. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93936-6_56.
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Rajput, Nitesh Singh, Dipesh Dilipbhai Shukla, Lav Ishan, and Tarun Kumar Sharma. "Optimization of Compressive Strength of Polymer Composite Brick Using Taguchi Method." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 453–59. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5699-4_42.
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Abdullah, Maureena Jurliel, Zakiah Ahmad, Atikah Fatma Md Daud, and Nur Kamaliah Mustaffa. "Compressive Strength and Water Absorption Characteristics of Brick Using Quarry Dust." In InCIEC 2014, 51–64. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-290-6_5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Bricks - Compressive Strength"
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Oladunmoye, O. M., J. O. Awofodu, and L. O. Babatunde. "An Experimental Study of the Technical Properties and Compressive Strength of Laterite Bricks Stabilised with Cement and Wood Ash." In 27th iSTEAMS-ACity-IEEE International Conference. Society for Multidisciplinary and Advanced Research Techniques - Creative Research Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/isteams-2021/v27p24.
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An Experimental Study of the Technical Properties and Compressive Strength of Laterite Bricks Stabilised with Cement and Wood Ash 1Oladunmoye, O.M., 2Awofodu, J.O. & 3Babatunde, L.O. Department of Architecture, University of Ibadan, Ibadan. Department of Architecture, Lead City University Ibadan. Department of Architectural technology, Oke-ogun Polytechnic, Saki, Oyo State E-mails: .Bjarchimat15@gmail.com; Josephstone69@gmail.com ABSTRACT An experimental study was carried out in order to determine the compressive strength and technical properties of laterite bricks stabilized with cement, wood ash and sawdust. Cement stabilized compressed laterite bricks were tested. The compressive strength of lateritic soil based materials were determined. The objective of this paper is to determine the effect(s) of addition of cement and wood ash to lateritic soil brick on the compressive strength using four soil samples. The findings showed positive effect of the additives of cement and wood ash on increasing the compressive strength of the stabilized laterite bricks. The study showed that the optimum value for water absorption of wood ash stabilisation is at 10% C with 5% WA (19.09%) replacement and 15% C with 10% SD. The compressive strength of the different samples measured showed increase in the failure point of the brick with increase in percentage of cement and wood ash. Keywords: Technical Properties, Compressive Strength, Laterite Bricks , Cement and Wood Ash Proceedings Reference Format
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"Utilization of Cenosphere in Manufacturing of Fly Ash Brick." In Recent Advancements in Geotechnical Engineering. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901618-13.
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Abstract. Our project was built with cenosphere material and low-density brick. The cenosphere bricks may be lighter and stronger than traditional fly ash bricks. Cement is used to replace the cenosphere in fly ash bricks in the following proportions: 230mm x 100mm x 75mm sample size for blend percentage of cenosphere, fly ash, and quarry dust. The results show how compressive strength and water absorption vary with curing age for mixed proportions of the materials mentioned previously. Then we can use the 230mm x 100mm x 75mm specimen size to cast bricks with various mix proportions of cenosphere, fly ash, and quarry dust. The weight, compressive strength, and water absorption of the cenosphere with various proportions of fly ash bricks were then compared. Via comprehensive laboratory work, this investigation is primarily based on optimizing the compressive strength of newly formed bricks thus minimizing weight density and water absorption. A definitive goal of undertaking this point as project work is to recognize factors influencing the different properties of bricks.
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RANGAN, P. R. "Stone dust as replacement for fine aggregate in cellular lightweight concrete (CLC): Volume weight and compressive strength." In Advanced Topics in Mechanics of Materials, Structures and Construction. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902592-27.
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Abstract. A type of lightweight concrete called cellular lightweight concrete (CLC) has a lower volume weight than ordinary concrete and is made of cement, sand, water, and a foaming agent. In this investigation, CLC lightweight concrete was utilized as a lightweight brick. The purpose of this study was to ascertain how the compressive strength and volume weight of CLC lightweight bricks would change if stone dust were used in place of fine aggregate. Making lightweight bricks with stone dust substitutions of 0%, 50%, and 100% of the weight of the fine aggregate was the experimental process used in this study. The compressive strength and volume weight of the light-weight bricks that had been cured for 3, 7, 14, and 28 days were then measured. Because stone dust has a good binding capacity, the results showed that using it as a fine aggregate replacement in a mixture of lightweight bricks increased the compressive strength; the highest compressive strength value was obtained at a substitution of 100% stone dust at 28 days, which was 24.62 kg/cm2. The volume weight of a mixture of lightweight bricks increased by 0.66 gr/cm3 when stone dust was used in place of fine aggregate. In place of 50% stone dust, the volume weight value increased by 2% to 0.67 gr/cm3, and by 4% to 0.68 gr/cm3 for 100% stone dust. Due to its volume weight range of 0.6-1.8 gr/cm3, this lightweight brick can still be designated as lightweight concrete.
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Wong, Leong Sing, and Dawood Muhammad Iqbal. "Effect of water content on the compressive strength of biomineralized bricks." In THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND NANOTECHNOLOGY (ICMEN 2021). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0074973.
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Fíla, Jiří, Martina Eliášová, and Zdeněk Sokol. "Mechanical properties of solid glass bricks." In The 13th international scientific conference “Modern Building Materials, Structures and Techniques”. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mbmst.2019.033.
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Glass as one of the oldest building materials has been used for centuries to fill window openings. In recent years is it increasingly used also for load-bearing structural elements such as beams, columns, ribs, railings, etc. In addition to flat glass and hollow glass blocks, which have been used historically for non-load-bearing partitions and facades, new load bearing structures from solid glass bricks are arising. Their greater use is hampered by a lack of knowledge of their material properties. Also, their joining is difficult, as can be seen from the realized structures and published works focused on the glass bricks masonry. Most often, transparent adhesives or special mortars are used on the joint between glass bricks. In addition to some examples of completed glass brick structures, the paper is aimed at determining the material properties of glass bricks, which are a prerequisite for the design of safe structures. Two sets of experiments were performed. There were made three-point bending tests and compression tests to determine the bending tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of glass bricks.
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Hussain, Mazhar, Daniel Levacher, Nathalie Leblanc, Hafida Zmamou, Irini Djeran Maigre, and Andry Razakamanantsoa. "Influence of Palm Oil Fibers Length Variation on Mechanical Properties of Reinforced Crude Bricks." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.707.
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Crude bricks are composite materials manufactured with sediments and natural fibers. Natural fibers are waste materials and used in construction materials for reinforcement. Their reuse in manufacturing reinforced crude bricks is eco-friendly and improves mechanical and thermal characteristics of crude bricks. Factors such as type of fibers, percentage of fibers, length of fibers and distribution of fibers inside the bricks have significant effect on mechanical, physical and thermal properties of biobased composite materials. It can be observed by tests such as indirect tensile strength, compressive strength for mechanical characteristics, density, shrinkage, color for physical properties, thermal conductivity and resistivity for thermal properties, and inundation test for durability of crude bricks. In this study, mechanical and physical characteristics of crude bricks reinforced with palm oil fibers are investigated and effect of change in percentage and length of fibers is observed. Crude bricks of size 4*4*16 cm3 are manufactured with dredged sediments from Usumacinta River, Mexico and reinforced with palm oil fibers at laboratory scale. For this purpose, sediments and palm oil fibers characteristics were studied. Length of fibers used is 2cm and 3cm. Bricks manufacturing steps such as sediments fibers mixing, moulding, compaction and drying are elaborated. Dynamic compaction is opted for compaction of crude bricks due to energy control. Indirect tensile strength and compressive strength tests are conducted to identify the mechanical characteristics of crude bricks. Physical properties of bricks are studied through density and shrinkage. Durability of crude bricks is observed with inundation test. Thermal properties are studied with thermal conductivity and resistivity test. Distribution and orientation of fibers and fibers counting are done to observe the homogeneity of fibers inside the crude bricks. Finally, comparison between the mechanical characteristics of crude bricks manufactured with 2cm and 3cm length with control specimen was made.
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Abdallah, Rafik Isaam, Céline Perlot, Hélène Carré, Christian La Borderie, and Haissam El Ghoche. "Fire Behavior of Raw Earth Bricks: Influence of Water Content and Cement Stabilization." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.792.
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This study focus on the effects of both water content and cement stabilization on the fire behavior of earth bricks. To observe the effect of cement stabilization, two materials are formulated: raw earth with only soil and water, and stabilized bricks with soil, water and cement (3.5% by mass of soil). Since the material’s mechanical strength can strongly influence its fire behavior, the raw bricks were compacted at 50 MPa to reach a compressive strength similar to the one of stabilized bricks. Four different water contents were tested; dry state obtained with oven drying and three others achieved through equalization at 50%, 75% and 100% of relative humidities. Bricks are then subjected to an ISO 834-1 standard fire. Results show that water content has caused a thermal instability behavior on the raw earth bricks after equalization at 50% and 75% relative humidities. Thermally stable bricks displayed a noticeable diffusion of cracks on their heated face. Furthermore, cement stabilization helps to prevent from thermal instabilities.
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Dwivedi, Vijay Kumar, Arun Kumar Parashar, Rajat Yadav, and Anas Islam. "Analysis of compressive strength and water absorption of bricks made up of agro-waste (rice straw) material." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUTURISTIC AND SUSTAINABLE ASPECTS IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY: FSAET-2021. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0154033.
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Du, Yi, Coralie Brumaud, and Guillaume Habert. "Water Stabilization of Clay Bricks with Improved Tannin and Iron Mixes." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.377.
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Weak water resistance is a big obstacle for clay materials to overcome in modern construction industry. Compared to the hydraulic stabilized additives, bio-additives have a lower carbon footprint and have been used in many vernacular construction techniques to immobilize clay. In this work, the traditional recipes of tannin and iron have been revisited, in particular, the question of pH and iron solubility has been explored. Oak tannin and FeCl3 were chosen and their influence on the properties of clay materials in terms of rheological properties, compressive strength, and water resistance were characterized in the lab. Based on the results, tannin can reduce the yield stress of paste while with the addition of FeCl3, the yield stress of tannin dispersed pastes increased to a value similar to the reference sample but lower than the value contain only FeCl3. The increase was attributed to the complex reaction between tannin and Fe3+. The iron-tannin complexes can also increase the samples’ strength and water resistance. Although the complexes did not change the hydrophilic properties of the samples’ surface, they prevent the ingression of water. These results are very promising as they allow the production of a fluid earth material that is water-resistant. This opens a wide range of application potentials and can help to mainstream earth materials in construction.
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Aluvihara, Suresh, C. S. Kalpage, and P. W. S. K. Bandaranayake. "The elementary characterization of anthill clay for composite materials." In The 8th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2020.i.2.
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Anthill clay is a distinct soil/clay genre among common soil types because of the extraordinary stockpiling method. The small particles are carried in and erected an anthill by a small creature that it is called as termite. In generally, clay is a conspicuous raw material for industrial applications greatly and the assay of expediencies of anthill clay for advanced material applications were the prospects of the existing research. Carefully collected anthill clay samples were characterized under the physically and chemically using standard procedures and instruments. The mechanical characteristics of prepared bricks from anthill clays under 8000C were investigated. As the major outcomes of the existing investigation of raw clays, there were looked to 5.56 of PH value, 15% of natural moisture content, gap graded and symmetrically distributed arrangement of grains, 60% finer particle percentage (<0.075mm) according to the weight, composition of Fe, Ti, Ba and K based compounds including Fe minerals with large sorption capacity for other metals. In addition that 25% of water absorption, 2.62 of bulk specific gravity, 65% of apparent porosity, 21 Mpa compressive strength and 0.4 Mpa splitting tensile strength were observed with respect to the bricks which were prepared from the anthill clay. Based on the behaviors of such anthill clay it should be an influential material in the advanced material manufacturing in the industrial purposes such as the water treatments, rigid materials, catalysts and refractors.