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Academic literature on the topic 'Bricks'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Bricks"

1

Mulinta, Soravich. "Influence of Grog and Cement on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Unfired Clay Bricks." Key Engineering Materials 608 (April 2014): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.608.41.

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The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of red clay, grog and cement content (5,10,15,20%) on unfired clay brick’s properties. The comparative properties of construction bricks produced by the community fulfilled the requirements of Thai industrial standard (TIS 77-2545) for brick processing in Small and Micro Community Enterprise of Clay Brick Making Group in Son Bun Reung village. The physical and mechanical properties were tested consisting of the volume shrinkage, bulk density, appearance porosity, moisture expansion, slaking, compressive and fractural strength. The result showed that physical-mechanical properties were improved by the addition of cement. The unfired clay brick consisting of 100% grog and 20% cement had 4.5% shrinkage value. The bulk density and appearance porosity were 1.77 g/cm2 and 3.5%, respectively. The fractural strength of unfired clay bricks was 41.2 kg/cm2. The compressive strength of unfired clay bricks was 282.4 kg/cm2. The clay bricks were not slaking.

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2

Dhoska, Klodian, Saimir Tola, Agus Pramono, and Indrit Vozga. "Evaluation of measurement uncertainty for the determination of the mechanical resistance of the brick samples by using uniaxial compressive strength test." International Journal of Metrology and Quality Engineering 9 (2018): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ijmqe/2018012.

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Clay bricks are the most important engineering materials that can influence the quality of the construction. The quality control of the clay bricks is of prime importance to improve the quality of engineering construction. The qualities of bricks for construction applications should be checked for various types of inspection services. In this article, our inspection service was focused on compression strength test on bricks to determine their mechanical resistance and suitability for construction work. The accurate method for clay brick's production measurements has been elaborated using uniaxial compressive strength testing machine. The method was tested for a rectangular clay brick manufactured with size approximately 250 mm × 250 mm × 200 mm. The measurement method and standard uncertainty estimation of uniaxial compressive strength are briefly described in this article.

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Paschoalin Filho, João Alexandre, Hendrio Carvalho Chaves, Andrea Ghermandi, António José Guerner Dias, David de Carvalho, and Joana Paula Machado Ribeiro. "Compressive strength assessment bricks manufactured with Phosphogypsum in different dosages." Acta Scientiarum. Technology 46, no. 1 (April 16, 2024): e64840. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v46i1.64840.

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This research studies soil-compacted bricks using Phosphogypsum (PG) in their dosage. PG is the subproduct of the primary raw material used by the fertilizer industry, and its disposal is a challenge for the industry because of its large generation. Laboratory tests were performed to assess these bricks' physical characteristics. To obtain the bricks, two dosages were used: 4 and 7% of Phosphogypsum (PG) concentration. Bricks with no Phosphogypsum (PG) in their mixture were also assessed as a benchmark. The brick's physical characteristics were obtained for non-fired and fired bricks (900ºC for 96 hours in the oven). The results of the laboratory tests were analyzed through statistical analysis to explore the differences between the means for each studied condition (dosage and drying method). Furthermore, there was no statistical difference between the compressive strength of bricks manufactured with 4 and 0% PG, pointing out that until this percentage, the studied bricks did not show strength reduction with PG increasing. The fired bricks showed higher strength for all dosages than the non-fired ones. However, according to the Brazilian Technical Standards, all studied bricks presented enough strength for regular construction. Phosphogypsum (PG) for brick manufacturing can be an alternative way for its disposal, which can help mitigate the civil construction environmental impacts.

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Af'idah, Noer, Oktaffi Arinna Manasikana, and Andhika Mayasari. "THE EFFECT OF ADDITIONAL CORN HUSK TOWARD THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF LIGHT BRICK." Jurnal Pena Sains 7, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/jps.v7i2.8466.

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The Light brick is an engineered product developed from the usual brick with the addition of mixed materials. Brick is one type of composite material. Many people choose to use natural fiber-reinforced composites to replace synthetic ones and composite materials engineering development. So in the technology of brick-making, natural fibers are currently used as a choice as additional material mixed to produce light bricks. Additional materials often used in light bricks include fly ash, sawdust, coconut husks, rice husks, etc. This study used corn husk waste as additional material in the light bricks making. The addition of corn husk powder can affect the mechanical properties of brick. It is shown by the more significant the percentage of corn husk powder added, the smaller the density and compressive test value of the brick produced. Meanwhile, the greater the porosity value is. The decrease in density level and compressive test value will undoubtedly affect the brick's mechanical and physical properties. The reduction in density level and mechanical properties of the brickwork can be minimized by applying an outer layer in the form of cement mortar of the products.

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Nong, Xingzhong, Linren Zhou, Yuehua Liang, and Taojun Wang. "Experimental Study and Analysis of the Effects of Mud on the Compressive Strength of Unburned Brick Using Engineering Residue Soil." Buildings 14, no. 7 (June 27, 2024): 1949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14071949.

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Engineering residue soil, a prominent type of construction solid waste, can offer considerable environmental and socioeconomic benefits if efficiently utilized. Unburned brick represents an environmentally friendly and high-value approach to reusing this residue soil. Mud, a primary constituent of residue soil, typically hinders the performance of unburned brick using cement-based materials. This study investigates the effects of mud on the performance of unburned brick made from engineering residue soil based on experimental tests and mechanism analysis. The residue soil is silty clay sourced from the alluvial soil layer in South China. A comprehensive analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the residue soil and mud is conducted to assess the feasibility of using them in unburned brick production. Using ordinary Portland cement as the cementitious material, the unburned residue soil bricks are produced via semi-dry static-press forming and natural curing. The influence of mud type and content on the compressive strength of the unburned brick made with engineering residue soil is investigated and discussed. This experimental study reveals that the influence of mud on unburned brick’s compressive strength is negligible. However, excessively low mud content reduces brick compactness, impairs brick formation, and leads to lower compressive strength. Within the range of solidification, unburned brick’s compressive strength initially increases and then decreases with increasing mud content, with an optimal mud content of approximately 25%. As engineering residue soil often contains a high mud content, reducing it effectively enhances the compressive strength of unburned bricks. Through experiments and mechanism analysis, this research clarifies the impact of mud on the strength and performance of unburned residue soil bricks, providing important theoretical insights and practical guidance for the production of unburned products and promoting the efficient and environmentally friendly resource utilization of engineering residue soil.

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6

Kafrain, I. Gede Yohan, Brayen N. Palandung, Lisa S. G. E. Pandean, and Utarry E. Rangkang. "Karakteristik Batako Pejal di Kota Manado, Bitung dan Tomohon." Indonesian Journal of Fundamental Sciences 8, no. 2 (October 1, 2022): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/ijfs.v8i2.42461.

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Abstract. Bricks is still one of the walls building materials that are widely used in North Sulawesi, specifically in Manado City, Bitung City and Tomon City. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of local bricks in Manado City, Bitung City and Tomohon City. The characteristics of the bricks in question are the dimensions and compressive strength of the bricks. This research was conducted by taking samples of pejal bricks from several brick production sites in Manado City, Bitung City and Tomohon City. The bricks taken to be used as samples are pressed bricks. Brick samples that have been taken from these three cities, are then tested in the laboratory. From the test results in the laboratory, it is known that for the dimensions of the brick samples taken in Manado City and Bitung City, it has not met the brick size standards based on SNI 03-0349-1989, namely the brick length of 390 mm (+3&-5), width 190 mm (+2) with a thickness of 100 mm. The bricks taken from Tomohon City for length mostly meet the existing standards with width and thickness that have not met but are close to the standard. The results of the compressive strength test for brick samples are only brick samples in Malalayang sub-district that meet the standards, including quality IV-III of 30.67 kg / cm2. None of the brick samples taken from Bitung City and Tomohon City met the compressive strength standards. Keywords: Brick, Building Material, SNI 03-0349-1989

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Guo, Chen, Jiafeng Kong, Zhenghua Wang, Xiangbin Meng, Yuchao Zhao, Wenhao Wu, and Hongzhu Quan. "Study on Preparation and Properties of Sintered Brick from Multi-Source Solid Waste." Applied Sciences 12, no. 19 (October 10, 2022): 10181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app121910181.

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The recycling of construction waste and the use of a new sintering process in the field of sintered bricks can greatly solve the problems of clay resource depletion, soil structure destruction, and high CO2 emissions that always limit the development of the sintered brick field. The study was carried out using an orthogonal experiment to derive the optimal mix ratio for the preparation of sintered bricks, and subsequently, the sintered bricks were prepared using the optimal mix ratio. The experimental results show that the maximum compressive strength of construction waste sintered brick (MRB sintered brick) prepared using high-temperature sintering is 8.1 MPa, and the water absorption is 11. When the waste glass slag is mixed with 10%, it can show a better fluxing effect in the preparation of sintered bricks by mixing construction waste with waste glass slag (MGB sintered bricks), so that the MGB sintered bricks have a higher densification. The compressive strength is 32.9% higher and the water absorption is 3.5% lower than that of MRB sintered brick. MGS sintered bricks were prepared by mixing Yellow River sedimentary sand into MGB sintered bricks. The strength of MGS sintered bricks increased with the replacement rate of Yellow River sedimentary sand, and when the replacement rate of Yellow River sedimentary sand reached 16%, the strength of the MGS sintered bricks increased by 88.9%, and the water absorption rate was reduced by 4.6% compared with the MGB sintered bricks. The sintering mechanism had significant effects on the compressive strength, weathering resistance, and frost resistance of the sintered brick. The microwave sintering process has the characteristics of high efficiency, uniform heating, selective heating, and low thermal inertia, which can increase the compressive strength of MGS sintered brick by 4.6%, reduce the water absorption by 12.9%, shorten the sintering time by 43.6%, and improve the frost resistance.

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Silva, Luiza Osorio G. "The Myth of the Mundane: The Symbolism of Mud Brick and Its Architectural Implications." Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 56, no. 1 (December 2020): 181–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5913/jarce.56.2020.a012.

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The Egyptological truism that mud brick was simply mundane limits our understanding of the material and how it functioned in architecture. In order to explore the possible meanings of the brick medium beyond its tie to the mundane and its practical functions, this study focuses on the symbolism of brick objects. This can be seen in the presence of model bricks and brick molds in foundation deposits, in the molding of bricks by the king in foundation rituals, in the personification of bricks as a goddess of birth and the use of ritual birth bricks, and in the placement of magical bricks in tomb walls. Together with textual references that speak of the connection of mud to the inundation and the creation of the world, this symbolism suggests an association of the mud-brick architectural medium with creation and life cycles, and thus neheh time, as well as archaic architecture. This reinterpretation will be used to re-evaluate the employment of bricks in the specific contexts of the Middle Kingdom pyramids, temple annexes, and royal palaces. The architectural use of bricks will also be contextualized in matters of materials choice more generally, highlighting the need for both brick and stone in cosmologically significant architecture.

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Singh, Vishwanath P., and N. M. Badiger. "A Comprehensive Study on Gamma-Ray Exposure Build-Up Factors and Fast Neutron Removal Cross Sections of Fly-Ash Bricks." Journal of Ceramics 2013 (August 21, 2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/967264.

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Geometric progression (GP) method was utilized to investigate gamma-ray exposure build-up factors of fly-ash bricks for energies from 0.015 to 15 MeV up to 40 mfp penetration depth. The EBFs of the fly-ash bricks are dependent upon the photon energy, penetration depths, and the chemical compositions of the elements. Appreciable variations in exposure build-up factor (EBF) are noted for the fly-ash bricks. The EBFs were found to be small in low and high photon energy regions whereas very large in medium energy region. EBF of the bricks is inversely proportional to equivalent atomic number below 10 mfp for entire energy region of interest 0.015 to 15 MeV. The EBFs of fly-ash, brick of mud, and common brick were similar at 1.5 MeV photon energy. The EBF of the fly-ash bricks was found to be higher than that of the brick of mud, and common brick. The fast neutron removal cross sections of the fly-ash bricks, brick of mud, and common bricks were also calculated which were found to be in the same order. It is expected that this study should be very directly useful for shielding effectiveness of fly-ash brick materials and dose estimation.

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Youssef, Nicolas, Zoubeir Lafhaj, and Christophe Chapiseau. "Economic Analysis of Geopolymer Brick Manufacturing: A French Case Study." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 9, 2020): 7403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187403.

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This paper presents an economic analysis of manufacturing geopolymer bricks for use in the construction sector. The manufacturing processes of both geopolymer bricks and traditional fired bricks were investigated. For this study, we collected and analyzed all phases of geopolymer brick production from the extraction of raw materials to storage. Seven formulations of geopolymer bricks based on clay and waste bricks were analyzed. We considered the cost of raw materials and logistics operations in the production line of brick manufacturing. The results of this study prove that the manufacturing cost of geopolymer bricks based on clay provides an economic gain of 5% compared to fired bricks for the same compressive strength of 20 MPa. In the case of waste bricks, for the same production cost, the compressive strength of the geopolymer bricks is double that of fired bricks. Hence, this study shows the economic interest in the industrial production of geopolymer bricks. It also confirms that future research is needed that focuses on necessary changes to the current industrial production chain required for the manufacture of geopolymer bricks.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bricks"

1

Gresik, Alison. "Bricks and mortar." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0010/MQ31288.pdf.

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Xu, Guojing. "Developing programming environments for programmable bricks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40210.

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3

Burgess-Dean, Leon Sylvester, and leon burgessdean@deakin edu au. "Predicting the resistance of fired clay bricks to salt attack." Deakin University. School of Engineering and Technology, 2001. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20061207.132458.

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The salt attack of Fired Clay Bricks (FCBs) causes surface damage that is aesthetically displeasing and eventually leads to structural damage. Methods for determining the resistances of FCBs to salt weathering have mainly tried to simulate the process by using accelerating aging tests. Most research in this area has concentrated on the types of salt that can cause damage and the damage that occurs during accelerated aging tests. This approach has lead to the use of accelerated aging tests as standard methods for determining resistance. Recently, it has been acknowledged that are not the most reliable way to determine salt attack resistance for all FCBs in all environments. Few researchers have examined FCBs with the aim of determining which material and mechanical properties make a FCB resistant to salt attack. The aim of this study was to identify the properties that were significant to the resistance of FCBs to salt attack. In doing so, this study aids in the development of a better test method to assess the resistance of FCBs to salt attack. The current Australian Standard accelerated aging test was used to measure the resistance of eight FCBs to salt attack using sodium sulfate and sodium chloride. The results of these tests were compared to the water absorption properties and the total porosity of FCBs. An empirical relationship was developed between the twenty-four-hour water absorption value and the number of cycles to failure from sodium sulfate tests. The volume of sodium chloride solution was found to be proportional to the total porosity of FCBs in this study. A phenomenological discussion of results led to a new mechanism being presented to explain the derivation of stress during salt crystallisation of anhydrous and hydratable salts. The mechanical properties of FCBs were measured using compression tests. FCBs were analysed as cellular materials to find that the elastic modules of FCBs was equivalent for extruded FCBs that had been fired a similar temperatures and time. Two samples were found to have significantly different elastic moduli of the solid microstructure. One of these samples was a pressed brick that was stiffer due to the extra bond that is obtained during sintering a closely packed structure. The other sample was an extruded brick that had more firing temperature and time compared with the other samples in this study. A non-destructive method was used to measure the indentation hardness and indentation stress-strain properties of FCBs. The indentation hardness of FCBs was found to be proportional to the uniaxial compression strength. In addition, the indentation hardness had a better linear correlation to the total porosity of FCBs except for those samples that had different elastic moduli of the solid microstructure. Fractography of exfoliated particles during salt cycle tests and compression tests showed there was a similar pattern of fracture during each failure. The results indicate there were inherent properties of a FCB that determines the size and shape of fractured particles during salt attack. The microstructural variables that determined the fracture properties of FCBs were shown to be important variables to include in future models that attempt to estimate the resistance of FCBs to salt attack.

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4

Gregory, Richard. "Separation of bricks and mortar using pressure waves." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2006. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/56017/.

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This thesis describes a series of investigations performed to determine the possibility of separating bricks and mortar using pressure waves. A study of the current brick recycling practised within the UK was performed. This study identifies a need for improved brick reclamation processes. Initial investigations were performed using one-sixth scale couplets. The one-sixth scale bricks and mortar could be separated by placing them in an ultrasound bath. Further investigations were performed to determine the vibrations that would be necessary to recreate the separation of one-sixth scale couplet using an ultrasound bath at full scale. Based on these investigations, a prototype designed to separate full scale couplets was constructed. A series of specimens were tested in the prototype and the vibrations passing through the specimens were recorded. These results showed that the prototype was able to achieve vibrations at the intended frequency and amplitude within the specimens. However, no separation occurred and therefore it was concluded that this process was not appropriate for brick reclamation of full scale bricks in this manner. An investigation of the bond strength developed between the bricks and mortar of one-sixth scale and full scale couplets was performed. It was found that the full scale specimens developed a bond strength greater than that developed in the one-sixth scale specimens.

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Zachau, Walker Miriam E. (Miriam Elizabeth). "Modeling environmental impact of unfired bricks in India." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80906.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2013.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-32).
Brick manufacturing requires a considerable amount of energy and land, but these numbers have been difficult to quantify in rural parts of the developing world. The environmental impact of unfired bricks in India is investigated through modeling the effects of materials composition and processing on energy consumption, carbon dioxide equivalent emissions, and land surface area use. The analysis uses a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment to quantitatively estimate these impacts. The depth of soil extraction has a significantly affects the land use required for bricks; changing this depth in practice or through regulation has the potential to reduce environmental impact without affecting brick performance. The impact of unfired bricks depends greatly on composition, in particular the amount and type of stabilizer and the incorporation of fly ash. While stabilizers increase the environmental burden, the performance gain is potentially worth these effects when compared to energy intensive fired bricks. Future work could expand the model to quantify the relevant cost and performance tradeoffs with environmental impact.
by Miriam E. Zachau Walker.
S.B.

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6

Koroth, Surej R. "Evaluation and improvement of frost durability of clay bricks." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq25926.pdf.

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Beggan, John Edward. "An accelerated test method for efflorescence in clay bricks." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252318.

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Rink, Bradley Michael. "Village People : quartering De Waterkant in discourse and bricks." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4800.

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Lechaptois, Luis. "Ferritin nanocages used as programmable bricks for biomolecular electronics." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS462.

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Les nanocages de ferritine sont des protéines omniprésentes et largement connues pour leur capacité à manipuler des atomes de fer à l'intérieur de nombreuses espèces vivantes. Cette protéine possède une architecture unique composée d'une coquille d'acide aminé avec un noyau de fer et est apparue comme un candidat attrayant pour être incorporée dans un dispositif électrique (jonction, transistor à l'état solide). L’objectif de cette thèse est de caractériser les propriétés électrostatiques, les états de charge et les interactions avec une surface semi-conductrice des ferritines pour l'électronique biomoléculaire. De plus, la surface globale de la ferritine (naturellement chargée négativement) peut être modulée par des techniques de bio-ingénierie (mutagénèse dirigée) pour être chargée positivement. Au cours de cette thèse, les nanocages de ferritine ont été produits et bio-ingéniés dans le laboratoire de NTU à Singapour, et ont été caractérisés en solution à l'aide de techniques de diffusion de la lumière (ELS, DLS). Les mutations des ferritines ont été réalisées en remplaçant les acides aminés négatifs par des acides aminés positifs, et les ferritines mutantes ont montré un décalage de leur point isoélectrique (IEP). Afin d'étudier le comportement électrostatique des protéines de ferritine sur une surface solide, elles ont été déposées sur un substrat de silicium dopé, et les surfaces des échantillons ont été scannées par la microscopie de force à sonde de Kelvin (KPFM), qui est une technique avancée de la microscopie à force atomique qui mesure simultanément la topographie et le potentiel de surface d'une surface d'échantillon. La caractérisation de la ferritine immobilisée sur une surface de silicium par KPFM révèle un changement de la morphologie de la ferritine (aplatissement) et de ses propriétés électrostatiques (potentiel de surface) en fonction de sa teneur en fer. De plus, ces résultats présentent une nouvelle méthode pour déterminer l'orientation et la conformation des protéines directement sur une surface solide en mesurant leur dipôle électrique. Pour les ferritines mutées, le potentiel de surface mesuré par KPFM ne montre aucun changement dans le signe de la charge de surface (de négatif à positif), mais des changements significatifs sont perceptibles et indiquent la modulation de la charge de surface des ferritines mutées. Cette étude donne un bon aperçu de l'incorporation possible de la ferritine dans des dispositifs électroniques. Pour cela, d'autres interactions électrostatiques restent à étudier lorsqu'une nanoparticule est déposée sur un semi-conducteur, comme la formation d'une barrière Schottky, qui a été étudiée au cours de cette thèse avec une particule modèle (nanoparticules d'or de 50 nm) déposée sur du silicium et mesurée par KPFM. Sur la base de l'étude électrostatique de la ferritine (et des nanoparticules d'or), l'une des prochaines idées serait de réaliser une monocouche mixte active de ferritine positive et négative qui serait déposée sur une structure pseudo-MOSFET. La modification du rapport entre les particules positives et négatives modulera le courant source-drain
Ferritin nanocages are ubiquitous proteins, widely known for their ability to handle iron atoms inside many living species. This particular protein has a unique architecture made of an amino acid shell with an iron core and has appeared as an attractive candidate to be incorporated into an electrical device (junction, solid-state transistor). The goal is to characterise the electrostatic properties, charge states, and interactions with a semi-conductor surface of ferritins for biomolecular electronics. Furthermore, the overall surface of ferritin (naturally negatively charged) can be modulated through bioengineering techniques (site-directed mutagenesis) to be positively charged. During this thesis, the ferritin nanocages were produced and bioengineered in the NTU laboratory in Singapore, and were characterised in solution using light scattering techniques (ELS, DLS). The mutations of the ferritins were performed by substitution of negative amino acids with positive ones, and the ferritin mutants showed a shift in their isoelectric point (IEP). In order to study the electrostatic behaviour of the ferritin proteins on a solid surface, they were deposited on a doped silicon substrate, and the sample surfaces were scanned by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM), which is an advanced technique of the atomic force microscopy that simultaneously measures the topography and the surface potential of a sample surface. The characterisation of ferritin immobilized on a silicon surface by KPFM reveals a change in the ferritin morphology (flattening) and electrostatics properties (surface potential) as a function of their iron content. Moreover, these results present a new method to determine the orientation and conformality of proteins directly on a solid surface by measuring their electric dipole. For the mutated ferritins, the surface potential measured by KPFM showed no change in the sign of the surface charge (from negative to positive), but significant changes are noticeable and indicate the modulation of the surface charge of the mutated ferritins. This study gives strong insight into the possible incorporation of the ferritin inside electronic devices. For this, other electrostatic interactions remain to be studied when a nanoparticle is deposited on a semi-conductor such as the formation of a Schottky barrier, which was investigated during this thesis with a model particle (50 nm gold nanoparticles) deposited on silicon and measured by KPFM. Based on the electrostatic study of the ferritin (and gold nanoparticles), one of the next ideas would be to achieve an active mixed monolayer of positive and negative ferritin that will be deposited onto a pseudo-MOSFET structure. The change in the positive/negative particle ratio will modulate the source-drain current

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10

Tmejová, Jana. "Glazury s obsahem cihelného recyklátu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-414137.

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The diploma thesis deals with the possibilities of using recycled brick as a component in the preparation of glazes. Recycled brick is a mixture of crushed bricks, it can also contain a brick tablecloth, its composition and color makes this material practically identical to a brick shard. Due to these properties, it can be assumed that recycled brick can be used to prepare technical glazes with a specific color. The aim of the diploma thesis is to verify the possibilities of using recycled brick for the preparation of technical glazes. For prepared glazes, then evaluate their properties and estimate for which type of product these alternative glazes could be used.

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Books on the topic "Bricks"

1

Danan-Bénady, Ghislaine. Bricks. Paris: Solar, 2008.

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Miśra, Teja Nārāyana. Ancient Indian bricks and brick remains. New Delhi: Harman Pub. House, 1997.

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Vekey, R. C. de. Clay bricks and clay brick masonry. Watford: Building Research Establishment, 1999.

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Establishment, Building Research, ed. Clay bricks and clay brick masonry. Watford: Building Research Establishment, 1999.

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Rickard, Graham. Bricks. New York: Thomson Learning, 1993.

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ill, Barber Ed, ed. Bricks. Ada, OK: Garrett Educational Corporation, 1990.

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Manning, Tom. Bricks. London: Architectural Press, 1985.

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Plumridge, Andrew. Brickwork: Architecture and design. New York: Abrams, 1993.

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Cecere, Lora M., and Charles W. Chase, eds. Bricks Matter. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119203384.

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Publications, Key Note, ed. Bricks & tiles. 9th ed. Hampton: Key Note Publications, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bricks"

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Woodforde, John. "Brick tiles." In Bricks, 188–94. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003471158-17.

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Woodforde, John. "The heritage of brick." In Bricks, 195–204. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003471158-18.

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Woodforde, John. "A brickyard on a private estate." In Bricks, 164–71. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003471158-15.

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Woodforde, John. "The manipulation of brick." In Bricks, 74–85. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003471158-8.

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Woodforde, John. "Transport." In Bricks, 136–45. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003471158-13.

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Woodforde, John. "Early brickmaking practice." In Bricks, 53–61. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003471158-6.

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Woodforde, John. "Victorian brickyards." In Bricks, 99–109. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003471158-10.

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Woodforde, John. "Roman brick." In Bricks, 35–41. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003471158-4.

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Woodforde, John. "The properties of brick." In Bricks, 10–18. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003471158-2.

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Woodforde, John. "Brick BC." In Bricks, 19–34. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003471158-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bricks"

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Fitzmaurice, George W., Hiroshi Ishii, and William A. S. Buxton. "Bricks." In the SIGCHI conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/223904.223964.

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Maruyama, Shuichi, Xincheng Yang, and Wu-Hon F. Leung. "Bricks." In Middleware '21: 22nd International Middleware Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3491086.3492474.

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Zhao, Lei, and Ting Wang. "Investigation of Potential Benefits of Using Bricks of High Thermal Capacity and Conductivity in a Rotating Calcining Kiln." In ASME 2008 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the Fluids Engineering, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2008-56455.

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Petroleum coke is processed into calcined coke in a rotary kiln, where the temperature profiles of flue gas and coke bed are highly nonuniform due to different flow and combustion mechanisms. Motivated by saving energy costs, the effect of refractory brick’s thermal properties on potential energy savings is investigated. This study focuses on investigating potential energy savings by replacing inner one third of existing bricks with higher thermal capacity (Cp) and/or higher thermal conductivity (k) bricks. This investigation is motivated by postulating that the bricks with higher thermal capacity can store more thermal energy during the period of contacting with the hot gas and release more heat to the cock bed when the bricks rotate to below and in contact with the coke bed. A rotational, transient marching conduction numerical simulation is conducted using the commercial software FLUENT. The impact of brick heat capacity and thermal conductivity on transporting thermal energy to the coke bed is analyzed. The results show: (a) Increasing the heat capacity of brick layer reduces brick temperature which helps increase the heat transfer between the hot gas and brick, in other words it does help brick store more heat from the hot gas, but, heat transfer between brick and coke is reduced, which is opposite to the original postulation. (b) Higher brick thermal conductivity decreases brick temperature thus increases heat transfer between hot gas and the brick layer. The heat transfer from brick to coke bed is also increased, but not significantly. (c) Usually a brick with a higher Cp value also has a higher k-value. Simulation of a brick layer with both four times higher Cp and k values actually show appreciable heat is transported from the brick to the coke bed for one rotation for both lower and higher Cp and k bricks. The difference is not significant.

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Chin, Chi-Ping. "Contextual Bricks." In eCAADe 2008: Architecture "in computro" - Integrating methods and techniques. eCAADe, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.913.

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Rubens, Calvin, Sean Braley, Julie Torpegaard, Nicklas Lind, Roel Vertegaal, and Timothy Merritt. "Flying LEGO Bricks." In TEI '20: Fourteenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3374920.3374948.

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Limami, Houssame, Imad Manssouri, Khalid Cherkaoui, Leila Amazian, Ayoub El Baraka, and Asmae Khaldoun. "Unfired Clay Bricks with Additives and Mechanical Simulation of Perforated Bricks." In 2019 7th International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference (IRSEC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irsec48032.2019.9078296.

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Scelsa, Jonathan A. "Additive Envelopes: Robotic Volumetric Porous Bricks for Habitat Reformation." In 111th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.4.

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The story goes that Lou Kahn, gathered his students into a room and began pontificating over personified bricks in what has now become a canonic conversation: “You say to a brick, ‘What do you want, brick?’ And brick says to you, ‘I like an arch.’ And you say to brick, ‘Look, I want one, too, but arches are expensive, and I can use a concrete lintel.’ And then you say: ‘What do you think of that, brick?’ and the Brick says: ‘I like an arch .’ While this rhetoric pronounced the brick’s structural potentials due to the intrinsic disciplinary problems of stacking volumes, it undermined the Brick’s other potential capacities inherent to its volumetric nature. As such, with the arrival of post-modern construction that transformed the architectural envelope into a series of monofunctional layers within a rainscreen, it is not surprising that brick became flattened into a ‘sticker’ as an image-oriented scenographic pursuit neutered of its structural capacity. A two-dimensional graphic element easily commodified by neoliberal corporate culture, as evident from the thinly applied arches in recent facadist developer minded gentrification practices.In lieu of complicity in this culture of thinning, the research pedagogy showcased in this studio championed a resistance to the thinning of the brick based on its volumetric capacity to perform other roles such as thermodynamics or playing host to ecology towards habitat restoration. The promise of this new constructive principle suggests a volumetric wall construction that rebalances the flora and fauna within the urban ecology, while simultaneously lowering the albedo of our buildings’ contribution to the Urban Heat Island. This advanced option studio worked closely with a brick heritage museum sited within a village historically associated with the manufacturing of brick for the 20th century. The studio worked closely with the docents and curators of the existing museum in the processes of site selection, immersive brick production history, and community engagement.

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Moskovic, Robert. "Degradation of Moderator Graphite in Gas Cooled Reactors." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78046.

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Magnox reactors employ pile grade A (PGA) graphite as moderator. Reactor cores are typically constructed of twelve to thirteen layers of interlocking graphite bricks. Their temperature varies from 250°C at the bottom to 360°C at the top of the core. It serves a dual role as both the moderator and encasing the fuel in the channels. These are through the middle of the bricks and continuous through the core. The bricks are either octagonal or square in shape. A unit of eight brick of equal numbers of each shape has a single interstitial channel at the point where the corners of two octagonal and two square bricks meet. The interstitial channels are used for control rods, absorbers and canisters of graphite samples installed to replicate the service exposure of reactor bricks and to be used for measurements. The graphite loses mass during service due to radiolytic oxidation, by CO2 caused by energy deposition, mainly γ radiation. Neutron irradiation brings about hardening and dimensional change which decrease with the increasing distance from the bore to the outer surface of the brick. The gradient in the dimensional changes as well as thermal transients generate internal strains and in turn stresses. This paper reviews changes of some physical and mechanical properties of graphite during service and describes the cracking and fracture behavior of graphite. Statistical analysis of density showed that it decreases during the service with increasing neutron dose and decreasing reactor core height/temperature. Crack initiation involves a prior formation of a process zone.

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Horvitz, Eric. "Bricks, arches, and cathedrals." In the 15th international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1943403.1943405.

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"RETURN OF THE BRICKS." In 17th Annual European Real Estate Society Conference: ERES Conference 2010. ERES, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2010_255.

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Reports on the topic "Bricks"

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Smith, Edward W. Adobe bricks in New Mexico. New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.58799/ofr-382.

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McGee, T. D. High temperature creep of refractory bricks. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10151299.

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Dodd, Tracey, James Guthrie, and John Dumay. A bricks and mortar approach to fighting modern slavery. Edited by Chris Bartlett. Monash University, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/2ec3-d5f4.

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Gehrke, R. J., S. J. Losinski, and G. L. Seal. Volumetric radioassay of lead bricks being considered for unrestricted release. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/33115.

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John Kay and Kurt Eylands. Advanced Characterization of Slags and Refractory Bricks Using Electron Backscatter Diffraction. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/984654.

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Paik, S., and D. Barron. Summary of Surface Swipe Sampling for Beryllium on Lead Bricks and Shielding. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1022915.

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Meißner, Frank, Heike Sonntag, and Anita Morandell-Meißner. Water uptake measurement for thermal renovations – comparison between non-destructive method, the Karsten tube, and automatic laboratory measurements. Department of the Built Environment, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau541652209.

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The energy-efficient renovation of existing buildings requires precise knowledge of the wall structure. When using interior insulation systems, the driving rain resistance of the façade is also decisive for the function of the entire wall structure. When using interior insulation on exposed brick facades, the verification can often only be done with the help of a hygrothermal simulation. In practice, a non-destructive method, the Karsten tube or various modifications, is used to assess this essential characteristic value quickly. However, the measured values obtained from this method do not agree with the laboratory-measured values determined on a test specimen taken from the laboratory. This article presents measurements on bricks from several refurbishment projects to determine the cause. They were carried out both in the installed state with the in-situ method and subsequently after brick removal on the same materials under laboratory conditions to bring about comparability concerning the material. This article presents the automatic detection of water uptake of porous materials compared to the in-situ measurement with the Karsten tube. It evaluates the measurement results of both measurement methods.

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Vander Wal, RANDY, James Heim II, and Uday Turaga. Coal-based Bricks & Blocks (CBBs): Process Development to Prototype Fabrication Coupled with Techno-Economic Analysis and Market Survey. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2246723.

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Van Hemelrijck, Adinda. Resilience in Bangladesh: Impact Evaluation of the Promoting Sustainable Building in Bangladesh (PSBiB) Project. Oxfam GB, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2020.5617.

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The ‘Promoting Sustainable Building in Bangladesh’ (PSBiB) project was implemented together with 3 partner organizations between 2016 and 2019. It aimed to reduce the negative impacts of the construction and house building industry in Bangladesh on the environment, livelihoods and communities, by enabling a transition from unsustainable Traditional Bricks (TB) to sustainable Alternative Building Blocks (AB). This Effectiveness Review examines the effectiveness and relevance of the PSBiB project, with a focus on policy changes and contributions to strengthening the country’s resilience. It adopted the Participatory Impact Assessment and Learning Approach (PIALA) as well as Contribution Tracing. The results provide evidence that the project’s strategies and interventions were significant and relevant in achieving the necessary changes in policies and legislation for promoting sustainable building materials and halting the extraction of topsoil from fertile land and protected areas. The evaluation also investigates the project’s contributions to triggering the market and to the capacities of resilience. Find out more by reading the full report now.

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Akhmetov, V. V. BOHAI BRICK BURIALS. "Росток", 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/akh-2018-01.

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