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1
McManus, C., and R. Thompson. "Breeding objectives for red deer." Animal Science 57, no. 1 (August 1993): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100006735.
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AbstractThe definition of breeding objectives for farmed red deer in the United Kingdom (UK) was investigated. Options studied include the effects of discounting gene flow and the effect of altering variable costs/income (such as price of food or price received for sale animals). Three different herd structures were investigated. As the discount rate increased the importance of traits measured on the offspring also increased. Traits included in the economic breeding objective included number of calves weaned, carcass weights of stag calves and surplus hinds, hind calf live weight and food consumption for hinds and calves. The breeding objective derived does not include a measure of antler size, as antlers have little/no economic value in the UK market. Suggestions are made for further research.
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Hossain, Q. Z., M. A. Hossain, and S. Psrween. "Breeding Biology, Captive Breeding and Fry Nursing of Himped Featherback (Notopterus chilata, Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822)." Ecoprint: An International Journal of Ecology 13 (June 4, 2009): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v13i0.1628.
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A study was conducted to observe the captive breeding performance with maturing sages and fry nursing of the threatened indigenous fish species Notopterus chitala at Arabpur fish farm (Longitude 89°12'15" E, Latitude 23°10'30" N), Jessore, Bangladesh during 1998 to 2001. The peak period of ovulation for N. chitala was found from July to August and the fish attained its first maturity at third year of age. Captive breeding is the most effective and basis process in case of N. chitala when cemented tank was used for collection of fertilized eggs, percentage of fertilization and hatching in stead of bamboo pole, plastic barrel, cemented tank and barrel made of tin. In the nursery practices live benthos, hatching of Thai punti and silver carp were used as feed of the spawn but the highest growth and survivability of the fish fry obtained by using Barbodes gonionotus (thai punti) spawn and live Tubifex sp. (benthos).Key Words: Fertilization; hatching; growth; survivabilitydoi: 10.3126/eco.v13i0.1628Ecoprint (An International Journal of Ecology) Vol. 13, No. 1, 2006 Page : 41-47
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Juwarno, Reno. "An Enquiry on Fish Selling Culture at South Sumatera: Investigation from Islamic Perspective." Journal of Islamic Economic Laws 1, no. 1 (July 31, 2018): 53–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jisel.v1i1.6205.
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The diversity in Indonesia makes each region having their model of live, behavior and the mode of transactions. South Sumatera is one of those regions that have been practicing a way of fish sale which is different from others. Fish is sold directly from a pit underneath water flow called lebung through an auction model. This different model of regular sale and auction evokes curiosity as to whether it conforms to shariah requirements or not. The purpose of this research is to investigate the habitual transaction of fish sale in this region. This paper will focus on the practice of people at Seri Kembang I village about the sale by carrying out qualitative approach in a field research involving observation, interview and documentation as the means for collecting data. All data collected will be analyzed through evaluation process by comparing the practice over the actual standard. We conclude that such practice is deemed to be non-permissible since it does not pass some of the standards, especially the garar element. We also provide some suggestion as the alternative of this habitual practice.
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Patel, Sunil Das, Rupak Karn, Sagar Bhusal, Sujita Balami, Prabin Adhikari, and Raju Kharel. "Production and Marketing of Carp Species in Rupandehi, Nepal." Malaysian Journal of Halal Research 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mjhr-2020-0001.
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AbstractThe research was conducted from January 2019 to June 2019 to study the fish production and marketing system in fish zone, Rupandehi. Altogether 95 respondents including 27 small farmers, 35 medium farmers and 33 large farmers were selected for household survey using simple random sampling for the study. Statistical tools, Ms- excel and SPSS of version 23 were used for data analysis. From the study, it was evident that, six species of carps of fingerlings size were stocked with high average number of common carps (3885.5/ha.) followed by silver carp (3880.5/ha). The average production of fish species was 6.06ton/ha which is slightly higher than the national average. The observed data revealed that, marketing of major quantity of fish was from on farm sale i.e. 55.78% followed by local market sale (18.94%), live fish sale in retailers (5.26%). Similarly, percentage of farmers selling fish to wholesaler, consumers, retailers and neighbours were 63.3%, 30.5%, 26.5% and 26.3% respectively. Cost and returns analysis showed average B/C ratio of 2.13. Problem ranking using 5 point scale value showed high cost of feed as the most serious problem with index value of 0.94 in the study area.
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Tsuneizumi, Kazuhide, Mieko Yamada, Hee-Jin Kim, Hiroyuki Ichida, Katsunori Ichinose, Yoshitaka Sakakura, Koushirou Suga, et al. "Application of heavy-ion-beam irradiation to breeding large rotifer." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 85, no. 3 (January 14, 2021): 703–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbaa094.
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ABSTRACT In larviculture facilities, rotifers are generally used as an initial food source, while a proper size of live feeds to connect rotifer and Artemia associated with fish larval growth is needed. The improper management of feed size and density induces mass mortality and abnormal development of fish larvae. To improve the survival and growth of target larvae, this study applied carbon and argon heavy-ion-beam irradiation in mutation breeding to select rotifer mutants with larger lorica sizes. The optimal irradiation conditions of heavy-ion beam were determined with lethality, reproductivity, mutant frequency, and morphometric characteristics. Among 56 large mutants, TYC78, TYC176, and TYA41 also showed active population growth. In conclusion, (1) heavy-ion-beam irradiation was defined as an efficient tool for mutagenesis of rotifers and (2) the aforementioned 3 lines that have larger lorica length and active population growth may be used as a countermeasure of live feed size gap during fish larviculcure.
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Cehla, Béla. "Presentation of sales price reserves for live lamb." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 34 (September 2, 2009): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/34/2819.
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Although sheep breeding in Hungary is grounded in strong traditions, its activities only comprise 1% of the total production value generated from agriculture, and 2% of that for animal-based products. The most significant portion of incomes earned in the Hungarian sheep sector has, for years now, stemmed from the sale of live animals. The sector is decidedly export-oriented, as the domestic demand for its main product, i.e. lamb meat, and is minimal, equaling some 20-30dkg per person per year. Part of the sold animals is sold to market as dairy sheep, while the greaterpart is sold in the category of lamb carcasses. For this reason, the average weight of slaughter sheep has lied between 19-22 kg for years now. The target markets for live lamb sales are predominately Italy and Greece. In Greece, movement on this market has shown an upward tendency in recent years; noteworthy are also sales to Austria, Holland, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Poland. In 2003, we exported sheep meat in the form of carcasses to Italy, as well as to Germany, and of these exports, 94% went to Italy, while the remaining 6% went to Germany.Among sheep products, only the trade balance for live animal sales is positive. But even for such producers, only those who are specialized in intensive breeding and those sheep farms “targeting” meat production can obtain earnings. Specialized literature on the sector argues that the quality of Hungarian lamb has diminished dramatically and is beginning to lose its market position. If Hungarian lamb does not meet market expectations, then it will only be bought from producers at lower prices.My research focuses on those factors which influence price. I separately discuss the question of quality, as one of the most important decisive factors on price. Within this discussion, I describe the market expectations which actually have an effect on the acceptance of live animals for sale on commission. In practice, after the problems of quality, the next most important question is that of when sale is made. In the course of my research, I studied the development of averages for sales on commission of live lambs using statistical methods. The most important problem of this sector is the hierarchical system used in sales: this is the topic hich neither the producer, nor the buyer, wish to discuss, not even with each other. On the basis of the information at my disposal, I outlined the levels of traders and individual levels used to arrive at commission prices. Finally, I examined the components of the production value of live lamb sales. The results I obtained quantified the key role of the prices and the yield, as well as the factors influencing income.
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Reddon, Adam R., Mathew R. Voisin, Constance M. O’Connor, and Sigal Balshine. "Isotocin and sociality in the cooperatively breeding cichlid fish, Neolamprologus pulcher." Behaviour 151, no. 10 (2014): 1389–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003190.
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The ultimate functions of sociality, or the tendency to associate with conspecifics and to live within a social group, are increasingly well understood. However, the proximate mechanisms that mediate this behaviour have received less attention. The oxytocin family of nonapeptide hormones (including isotocin in teleost fish) is thought to play an important role in regulating social behaviour across a wide range of taxa and social contexts. In the current study, we investigated the influence of exogenous administration of isotocin and an oxytocin receptor antagonist on sociality in a cooperatively breeding fish, Neolamprologus pulcher. In our first experiment, we found that a high (and a low) dose of peripherally administered exogenous isotocin decreased the time spent associating with conspecifics in N. pulcher, while an intermediate dose had no effect relative to control. In our second experiment, we found that a peripheral administration of an oxytocin receptor antagonist increased grouping preference in male N. pulcher. The results of both experiments suggest that IT may inhibit grouping behaviour in this species. These results contribute to a growing body of literature suggesting that the broad generalization that the oxytocin family of nonapeptides facilitate grouping behaviour is overly simplistic, and that specific behavioural effects depend the study species and testing conditions.
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Petrov, R., S. Nazarenko, F. Muravyov, O. Kutah, and O. Podlubny. "Assessment of commodities fishing in the trade network of the city of Sumy." Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The series: Veterinary Medicine, no. 3 (46) (October 1, 2019): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.vet.2019.3.5.
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Introduction. To date, one of the priority tasks of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine is to provide the population with benign and safe environmental and veterinary-sanitary products of animal products. Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing industries in the rapidly developing agro-industrial complex. The mentioned industry is able to provide the population with high quality nutritious and dietary fishery products in a relatively short period. Fish products replenish the human diet with essential amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, trace elements and other nutrients to meet the needs of the body. But important indicators are the quality and safety of fish and fish products. The use of hazardous fish products by humans can lead to human diseases. Therefore, research on determining the safety and quality of fish remains an important link.
The goal of the work. The purpose of our research was to investigate commercial fish sold in the Sumy trade network and to carry out its veterinary and sanitary evaluation.
Materials and methods of research. These studies were conducted under the conditions of the Department of Veterinary Expertise, Microbiology, Zohygiene and Safety and Quality of Livestock Products of Sumy National Agrarian University and in Sumy Regional State Laboratory of the State Consumer Service.
Conducted research on commercial fish, which came to the sale in the trade network of the city of Sumy, namely in supermarkets, specialized stores and agri-food markets. Fresh, dried and frozen fish were studied..
Results of research and discussion. As a result of the study of the selected samples was found in live fish, namely the fathead, characteristic signs of postodiplastomosis. This disease manifested itself as small black spots on the body of a fish. It was also revealed in the study of carp in two specimens that the chronic course of aeromonosis was manifested by the presence of fissured ulcers on the body of the fish. Since the detection of the disease did not spoil the product indicators of fish, then all living fish are allowed to sell.
When examining dried fish, no deviations from the requirements for dried fish were found in the submitted samples. All fish are identified as benign and admitted for sale.
Studies of fresh frozen fish (hake) revealed the presence in the muscle tissue of the nematode Contracoecum squalii
Affected fish are characterized by an increased content of microorganisms in the deep and superficial muscle layers, a doubtful or negative reaction to peroxidase, a doubtful or substandard reaction with a Nesler reagent, a doubtful or substandard reaction with sulfuric acid, acidification.
Conclusions and prospects for further research: 1. In a study of 323 samples of live, dried, frozen fish, which entered the trade network in Sumy, it was found that 8 (2.47%) samples did not correspond to good-quality fish.2. Signs of diseases characteristic of aeromonosis (2 specimens), postodiplastomosis (1 specimen) and contracenosis (5 specimens) were established in the selected fish samples.3. A batch of hake (170 kg) in which the pathogen Contracoecum squalii was detected is not allowed for sale and is intended for technical disposal.
In the future, it is planned to develop and implement a permanent monitoring system for the quality and safety of fish and fishery products that are commercially available.
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Verbuch, I. V., and H. V. Bratkovska. "METHODS OF EVALUATION OF BREEDING VALUE OF LARGE WHITE BREED PIGS OF THE BREEDING PLANT OF SE “PASICHNA” DEPARTMENT OF KHMELNYTSK REGION." Animal Breeding and Genetics 60 (November 23, 2020): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.60.01.
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Goal. To accelerate the selection process and create populations of pigs with high level of productivity to assess the most effective modern methods breeding value of large white pigs in the SE "DG" Pasichna "Institute of Feed and Agriculture Podillya NAAS" Starosinyavsky district of Khmelnytsky region on the basis of a combined assessment of repair young for their own productivity and assessment meat qualities by MD Berezovsky and B. Tyler and the most promising method BLUP. Methods. Comparison, zootechnical and biometric analyzes. Results. The breeding value of pigs of large white breed of the breeding farm of SE "Pasichna" ICSGP NAAS "Starosinyavsky district of Khmelnytsky region by modern effective methods, namely: BLUP. According to the average indicators of the combined assessment of own productivity of animals at control fattening, taking into account their live weight on the date of birth and weaning, average daily gain, live weight and age of 100 kg, body length and fat thickness, boars significantly outweighed pigs. Compared with pigs, their live weight at the date of birth and weaning (at the age of 30 days) was higher by 0.1 and 0.81 kg. The age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg exceeded by 5.43 days, the average daily gain of 0.016 kg. Live weight and body length of pigs on the date of fat thickness measurement was greater by 4.04 kg and 1.03 cm. Lifetime fat thickness at three measurement points at the level of 6–7 thoracic vertebrae, on the buttocks and in the midpoint of the back between withers and buttocks was thinner by 0.92; 0.94 and 1.06 mm. Evaluation indices of fattening and meat qualities by growth energy and fat thickness (Ia) and average daily gain and fat thickness (Iv) in boars indicate their higher level by 2.07 and 7.67 points compared to pigs and are equal to, respectively, 95.12 ± 1.95 and 152.96 ± 2.38 points. The coefficient of variability (Cv, %) of indicators of own productivity and estimated indices of fattening and meat qualities of repair boars ranged from 1.92% (body length on the date of fat thickness measurement, cm) to 15.12% (age of live weight 100 kg, days), repair pigs – from 4.63% (body length on the date of fat thickness measurement, cm) to 28.19% (index of assessment for growth energy and fat thickness, (Ia), points). The best average values of indicators of breeding value of animals are found on the basis of modern, most promising method BLUP, because it is considered in terms of mathematics, statistics and selection is the most accurate, well-founded, has the best theoretical basis and the lowest error variance. The average value of the BLUP index (parent lines) for boars of large white breed is 101.71 ± 1.681, pigs – 96.94 ± 0.724 points. At the same time, boars outweighed pigs by 4.77 points. The most positive correlation between live weight of piglets at weaning with their body length (r = 0.16), average daily gain (r = 0.19) and fat thickness (r = 0.24), the average correlation between the indices of fattening and meat qualities according to MD Berezovsky and B. Tyler (r = 0.56) P > 0.99 and the weak correlation between live weight of piglets at weaning and the BLUR index (r = 0,21) P > 0.99. It should be noted that there are almost no correlations between the fattening and meat quality indices of pigs and the BLUP index. Conclusions. In the conditions of breeding and specialized farms for the production of commercial pork in the region, to determine the breeding value of animals for further reproduction of their own herd and sale to other breeding farms of Ukraine, to systematically assess repair young animals for their own productivity and clear qualities of pigs and the most perfect BLUP index.
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Iskandar, Andri, Riza Septyanigar Islamay, and Yudi Kasmono. "Optimalisasi Pembenihan Ikan Nila Merah Nilasa Oreochromis sp. Di Ukbat Cangkringan, Yogyakarta." Samakia : Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan 12, no. 1 (April 12, 2021): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35316/jsapi.v12i1.887.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the optimization of Nilasa red tilapia fish Oreochromis niloticus breeding process at Work Unit Freshwater Aquaculture (WUFA) Cangkringan, Technology Development Center of Fisheries (TDCOF) Yogyakarta. Nilasa red tilapia fish is one of the commodity that has advantages, including respond to artificial feed, grow fast, can live with high density and resistance to disease. WUFA Cangkringan was one of the government fisheries center which develop nilasa red tilapia fish. The hatchery activities is including maintenance of the parentstock, spawning, larval rearing, harvesting and post harvest. Nilasa red tilapia fish was a test fish that used at the WUFA Cangkringan from red tilapia study and released under the name Nilasa in 2012, start from 1st generation (F-0) to the 5th generation (F-4) in the program selection. The survival rate resulting from the hatchery activities with seed 2-3 cm was 80% and the seed was sold at Rp50 fish-1. The profit obtained Rp150 699 688 year-1, R/C ratio 1,34 and payback period 9 month.
Key word: nilasa red tilapia fish, breeding process, survival rate
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Haque, Mohammed Ashraful, Md Istiaque Hossain, Sheikh Aftab Uddin, and Probin Kumar Dey. "Review on distribution, culture practices, food and feeding, brood development and artificial breeding of Seabass, Lates calcarifer (BLOCH 1790): Bangladesh perspective." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 6, no. 3 (January 1, 2020): 405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v6i3.44806.
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Seabass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch 1790) is an euryhaline and a popular fish in south and southeast Asian countries due to its higher growth rate, giant size, excellent taste and higher market demand. It is locally known as Bhetki or Koral and available around the year in the estuarine and coastal regions of Bangladesh. In many countries (e.g. Australia, India, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand etc.), the species is artificially propagated and commercially cultured. The breeding technology has not yet been developed in Bangladesh. Now a days Bangladesh is progressing day by day in freshwater aquaculture but it is far behind in case of coastal and mariculture. To get the mass seed production of fry/fingerlings of seabass, we need to develop the artificial breeding technology of the said species. There are only a few studies published on biology, aquaculture, brood development and artificial breeding activities of seabass in Bangladesh where investigators used live feed (Tilapia) and small indigenous fish species (SIFS) on brood development in captivity but none could adapt to formulated feed on seabass aquaculture. Some researchers made attempt to develop seabass broodstock for artificial breeding purpose, but none can success in captive condition in Bangladesh. Only one breeding trial conducted by stripping method using wild brood, but the development of the fertilized eggs ceased attaining up to the neurola stage,
Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(3): 405-414, December 2019
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Ryzhkova, S. M., and V. M. Kruchinina. "Trends in the consumption of fish and fish products in Russia." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 82, no. 2 (September 18, 2020): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2020-2-181-189.
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Fisheries and aquaculture play an important role in ensuring food security, healthy nutrition and employment in various countries and on different continents. In Russia, the fishing industry is attractive for investment. At the same time, many important issues and problems remain unresolved in the industry. The search for promising directions for the development of the domestic fisheries sector is impossible without studying such an important indicator as the consumption of fish and its processed products. The purpose of this work is to study the indicators of fish consumption and products of its processing over a fairly long period from the middle of the last century to the present. Using the methods of scientific analysis, comparison, inductive and deductive, monographic, the following tasks were solved: the assessment of the results of the fishing industry in the Soviet period by indicators: catch, food production, import; the balance of resources for the period from 2011 to 2018 was considered.; a comparison of different consumer groups (population by age group, households in urban and rural areas) is made; fish and aquaculture production is considered from the point of view of food security, the cost indicators and opportunities of the processing industry are studied, the importance of cooperatives as an important infrastructure element, etc. The conclusions are as follows: despite official statistics, the actual consumption of fish per capita is a quarter less than the norm. For uninterrupted supply of fresh fish to the population, it is necessary: urgently allow the population of coastal zones to fish for personal consumption, develop cooperatives, integrate Centrosoyuz organizations in the value chain-catch/breeding-storage-marketing – sale; adopt a law on raw fish; study the experience of Scandinavian countries, in particular, Norway.
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Picard Jr., Paul, Julian J. Dodson, and Gérard J. FitzGerald. "Habitat segregation among the age groups of Gasterosteus aculeatus (Pisces: Gasterosteidae) in the middle St. Lawrence estuary, Canada." Canadian Journal of Zoology 68, no. 6 (June 1, 1990): 1202–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z90-179.
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Previous studies of migratory populations of sticklebacks (Pisces: Gasterosteidae) have been exclusively limited to their biology on the spawning grounds during the spring breeding season. In 1985 and 1986, we studied the ecology of the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) in three subhabitats of the middle St. Lawrence estuary before, during, and after the breeding season: (i) the open waters of the estuary, (ii) a series of intertidal salt marsh pools, and (iii) two tidal rivers (Rivière des Vases and Rivière Trois-Pistoles). In spring, our catch data in the various subhabitats showed that adults moved from the open waters of the estuary towards the tidal rivers and tide pools. Catches of adults in all subhabitats subsequently declined, whereas the young of the year (age 0+) became increasingly abundant. In this area, G. aculeatus live for 2 years and are physiologically capable of breeding during their first summer as adults. However, we found age-related differences in habitat use between the two adult year classes. Age 1+ fish were never more abundant than age 2+ fish in Rivière des Vases, in the tide pools, and in the open waters of the estuary, whereas age 1+ fish were more abundant than age 2+ fish in Rivière Trois-Pistoles. Throughout the breeding season, gonadosomatic indices of female G. aculeatus were the same for the two age groups. Total lengths of age 0+ fish captured in the various subhabitats suggest that the major spawning period is limited to May and June. Age 0+ fish do not leave the tide pools for the open waters of the estuary before having attained a certain minimum size.
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Hidayat, Kurniawan Wahyu, DH. Guntur Prabowo, Dwi Amelia, and Supanto. "Natural Breeding of Snakehead Fish (Channa striata) On Concrete Ponds in Cangkringan Center For Aquaculture Technology Development Special Region of Yogyakarta." Samakia : Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan 10, no. 2 (September 19, 2019): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.35316/jsapi.v10i2.495.
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Snakehead fish (Channa striata) is a member of the Channidae family, which can live in freshwater areas or rivers, brackish water, and swamps. Snakehead fish belong to the group of savage and aggressive carnivorous fish. Snakehead fish reproduce through spawning naturally in the rainy season. Natural physiological and environmental factors can be used as a signal to stimulate spawning in this type of fish. This fieldwork practice was carried out at the Center for Aquaculture Technology Development (BPTPB), this work practice used observation, interview, and documentation methods, parameters observed included fecundity, egg fertilization, hatching rate, specific growth rate, and survival rate. The results of the observation showed that it produced 10,000 eggs, a fertilization rate of 92%, a hatching rate of 94% growth rate, a specific growth rate of 15% and a survival rate of 94%.
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Zhandalgarova, Adelya, Anna Bakhareva, Yulia Grozesku, Yulia Sergeyeva, and Vera Yegorova. "Influence of modern immunobiological preparations based on live bacteria in compound feeds on fish-biological and physiological-biochemical parameters of sturgeon." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 07014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021007014.
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The efficiency of modern aquaculture largely depends on the properties of the feed used. High-quality compound feed should be used by the body to the maximum extent, stimulate its growth and development, and contribute to the environmental safety of the food products produced. To obtain additional gains in body weight, increase the digestibility and assimilability of feed, stimulate nonspecific immunity and save feed costs, immunobiological preparations based on live bacteria are currently introduced into the composition of feed for animals, including fish. One of the most promising immunobiological preparations based on live bacteria is the probiotic "Ferm-KM" containing phyto-microsorbent particles, live bacillus cells and metabolites: strains Bacillus subtillis, Bacillus licheniformis, complex of lactic acid bacteria and products of their metabolism. The article presents the results of the use of the probiotic "Ferm-KM" in the composition of the production compound feed for sturgeon fish. It was found that when two-year-old Russian sturgeon are grown on a production compound feed with the addition of a probiotic, the fish-breeding and biological parameters of fish increase and the physiological and biochemical parameters of blood improve. The optimal rate of introducing probiotic into the composition of the production compound feed for commercial growing of sturgeon fish is 5 g / kg of compound feed. The effectiveness of introducing a probiotic preparation "Ferm-KM" with an immunomodulatory effect into the composition of compound feed for sturgeon fish has been proved, which helps to increase the linear-weight gain of fish and improve blood parameters.*
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Kushniryk, Olga, Oleksii Khudyi, Lidiia Khuda, Ryszard Kolman, and Mykhailo Marchenko. "Cultivating Moina macrocopa Straus in different media using carotenogenic yeast Rhodotorula." Archives of Polish Fisheries 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aopf-2015-0004.
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Abstract The possibility of using carotenogenic yeast from the genus Rhodotorula as food substrate was studied during the cultivation of Moina macrocopa. The results showed that replacing traditional food substrates during the cultivation of the live fish food M. macrocopa resulted in improved characteristics that were superior to the alternative. Using carotenogenic yeast Rhodotorula glutinis (Fres.) Harrison to stimulate carotenoid accumulation in live feed is better than R. rubra (Demme) Lodder. The optimal duration of enriching M. macrocopa with carotenoids was four days when using various types of yeast capable of carotenogenesis. Replacing the standard medium for culturing M. macrocopa with the alternative medium was less expensive. Breeding live feed on recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) post-production water was proven to be effective.
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Sobecka, Ewa, Ewa Łuczak, and Michał Marcinkiewicz. "New cases of pathogens imported with ornamental fish." Biological Letters 49, no. 1 (June 1, 2012): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10120-012-0001-8.
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Abstract The global trade in live ornamental fish carries with it the potential threat of unwanted movement of pathogens. The live ornamental fish, when released into the natural environment of their destination countries, may disseminate their parasites, threatening local fish and causing economic loss in fish aquaculture. This study was aimed to explain the reasons for deterioration of health and premature death of ornamental fish: Nannostomus spp. from Colombia and Symphysodon spp. Some specimens of Symphysodon aequifasciatus Pellegrin, 1904 were captured from their natural habitats in the Amazon River basin and shipped to Poland by air mail. The hybrids of Symphysodon spp. originated from an aquarium in Poland (shared with S. aequifasciatus). The third discus fish species, Symphysodon discus Heckel, 1840 came from a fish farm in Thailand and represents an Asian breeding line. All the studied fish were infected with pathogens. Nannostomus spp. housed a single parasite species on its skin, namely Artystone minima. This isopod species was not recorded in Poland and probably in Europe before. The examined fish of the genus Symphysodon yielded 13 pathogens. Five of them Philodina sp., Ichthyobodo necator, Hexamita symphysodonis, Sciadicleithrum variabilum and Eustrongylides sp. were not earlier recorded in this host species in Poland. The findings of Ichthyophonus hoferi and Myxobolus sp. are new host records for Symphysodon spp. fish. Hybrid fish and S. aequifasciatus are reported here as hosts of Entamoeba sp. for the first time.
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GREGORY, N. G., T. BENSON, N. SMITH, and C. W. MASON. "Sheep handling and welfare standards in livestock markets in the UK." Journal of Agricultural Science 147, no. 3 (January 20, 2009): 333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185960800837x.
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SUMMARYSome meat retailers have introduced a trade embargo on fat lambs sold through livestock markets on the grounds that welfare standards associated with live auction markets are said to be worse than standards associated with direct sale to abattoirs. The current study examined the handling difficulties and welfare standards at 24 UK livestock markets. Comparisons were made according to class of animal (store, fat, breeding animals, etc.) and throughput of the market: <100 livestock units (LU) per week, 100–300 LU per week and >300 LU per week. Handling problems examined included refusal to move, balking, slips, falls, impacts, isolation leading to apparent distress, confusion while loading onto vehicles and inappropriate handling such as wool pulling. The overall prevalence of each handling problem was low (usually <0·05 of the sheep). The most common difficulties were impacts, slips and falls when grading fat lambs, and confusion or refusal to load onto the vehicles after the sale in ewes. Store lambs were generally easier to handle than fat lambs. They were less prone to refusing to move, balking, impacts, slips and falls. In fat lambs, slips and falls during grading were more common at small markets, while at larger markets there were more impacts, slips and falls during selling. Confusion during loading onto vehicles after the sale was more common in breeding ewes and rams, and at small markets. Projections in the corridors that were considered to be potential bruising or impact points were found in 0·33 of the markets and 0·71 did not have a way of ensuring that legs could not get trapped between gates and gateposts if sheep attempted to jump out of a holding pen. In most other respects the prevalence of problems with the facilities and during handling was low and it was concluded that a trade embargo on selling fat lambs in markets might not be justified.
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Radhakrishnan, Kalidoss, Muthupandi Kalaiarasan, M. S. Madan, P. N. Ananth, T. Umamaheswari, and R. Velmurugan. "Economic Analysis of the Hook and Line Fishery in Kombuthurai Coast, Tamil Nadu." Current World Environment 11, no. 3 (December 25, 2016): 926–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.11.3.28.
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The present investigation is about the economic analysis of the hook and line fishery along the coast of Kombuthurai, Thoothukudi district of Tamil Nadu. Inferences from the study indicated that that hook number 5, 6 and 7 were found ideal for commercial exploitation of Carangids, Grouper, Barracuda and Needlefish in angling by wielding fresh condition live bait. Using the artificial lure number 3.5, 4.0 and 4.5 applied in trolling line, the most dominant catch was seer fish (80%) and least in sailfish (8%). Significantly the study reports that the highest gross revenue ₹42060/trip was made in trolling line than that of the handline of ₹26400/trip ascribed by targeted of high market value species. The trolling line crew share per person was twice over than the handline fishing (₹3821/trip). Instead of unorthodox eye estimation of fish weight, a novel approach of weight based fish sale (for low to high market value species) was observed in Kombuthurai fishing village and this practiced also espoused by a neighbor fishing village.
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Bespalyy, Degtyaryk, Slobodnitskaja, Poloz, and Grebneva. "NEW ASPECTS OF STRUGGLE AGAINST INVASIONS OF MAJOR OBJECTS OF BELARUS’ AQUACULTURE." THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL, no. 20 (May 14, 2019): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-9902340-8-6.2019.20.102-107.
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The article provides information on the most common invasive diseases of fish, which are the main objects of cultivation in aquaculture in Belarus, and information on new products developed by the employees of the RUE “Institute of Fisheries” RUE “Scientific and Practical Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for live stock breeding” to combat these invasions.Aquaculture of the Republic of Belarus is characterized by a global trend – an increase in fish production due to the cultivation of various types of fish in artificial conditions. In spite of the fact that today industrial-type enterprises are actively developing in Belarus (production is carried out under conditions of RAS or PSO), the main share of production, about 93%, falls on pond-type farms.Successful fulfillment of tasks to increase fish production, with constant pond fund areas, requires new solutions in such areas as working with new species of fish, conducting breeding work, developing balanced feed, improving fish farming technologies, studying microbiology and hydrobiology of ponds and so on.An important component of modern pond fish culture, which allows to significantly increase the yield and quality of fish products, is the ichthyopathological part. Due to the fact that production ponds have a close relationship with the biocenosis of natural water bodies, monitoring of invasive diseases in fish in both production ponds and the water source (the head pond, water sources flowing into it and nearby natural water bodies) comes to the fore. Monitoring of fish invasions in turn forms the need to develop ecological, highly efficient, and economically low-cost methods for the protection of pond fish.
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Wuliji, Tumen, Amy Bax, Liga Wuri, Luke Wilbers, and Christopher Boeckmann. "167 Evaluation of an out-of-season breeding system for organic lamb production in missouri." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.357.
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Abstract Organic production is one of the fastest growing food and agriculture industry. The seasonality of lamb production affects lamb markets and prices, whereas, an out-of-season breeding and organic fall lamb production scheme may enhance product availability and competiveness. Six rams and 100 Katahdin ewes were selected for an out-of-season breeding during April and May of 2017 and 2018, for two production years. Ewes were synchronized for estrus using CIDR® device (EaziBreed™) (12 d) before breeding and fed ‘flushing’ feed for four weeks. Ewes were bred in mixed sire groups for two estrus cycles (35 d). Animals were rotationally grazed and maintained good body condition score (3.0) throughout the seasons at certified organic farm in Missouri. Mean live weight measured monthly from breeding to lambing were 57.8, 60.1, 62.1, 64.7, and 59.3 kg. Eighty nine ewes lambed in fall 2017 giving birth to 121 lambs (136% lambing rate) and eighty eight ewes lambed in 2018 giving birth to 126 lambs (143% lambing rate). Ninety seven percent of weaned lambs were maintained as an organic production status for marketing. Lamb birth weight, average daily gain weight, weaning weight, and 30 d post weaning weight, post weaning average daily gain weight were recorded for 2017 born lambs as 3.74±0.03 kg, 21.00±0.24 kg, 24.78±0.28 kg, 176±2 g/d respectively. Organic weaner lambs were sold for 5 to 15% higher price values (P < 0.05) per unit than non-organic peer groups at a local livestock auction sale.
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Burt, John A., David A. Feary, Andrew G. Bauman, Paolo Usseglio, Georgenes H. Cavalcante, and Peter F. Sale. "Biogeographic patterns of reef fish community structure in the northeastern Arabian Peninsula." ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, no. 9 (August 8, 2011): 1875–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr129.
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Abstract Burt, J. A., Feary, D. A., Bauman, A. G., Usseglio, P., Cavalcante, G. H., and Sale, P. F. 2011. Biogeographic patterns of reef fish community structure in the northeastern Arabian Peninsula. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1875–1883. This study provides the first large-scale comparison of reef-associated fish communities in the northeastern Arabian Peninsula, with 24 sites spanning >3000 km of coastline in the southern Persian Gulf, the western Gulf of Oman, and the northwestern Arabian Sea, each with its own unique environmental conditions. Multivariate analyses revealed three distinct community types that were represented mainly by sites within each major water body, with >70% dissimilarity in community structure between each. Persian Gulf communities had low species richness, abundance, and biomass of reef fish compared with the other subregions, with communities dominated by herbivores and generalist predators that had little association with live coral. Reef fish biomass in the Gulf of Oman and Arabian Sea was comparable, and communities were dominated by fish with moderate coral association. However, there were relatively more herbivores and larger fish in the Arabian Sea than in the Gulf of Oman, where communities were dominated by planktivores. Species richness was highest in the Arabian Sea when differences in abundance among regions were accounted for. The influence of distinct environmental and oceanographic conditions on reef fish community structure in each of these areas is discussed.
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Vasylieva, Lidia Mihajlovna, Vasily Vladimirovich Tyapugin, Natalia Viktorovna Sudakova, and Adelia Zakirovna Anokhina. "Evaluation of economic indicators of domesticated beluga females farming in cages and ponds until maturation." Rybovodstvo i rybnoe hozjajstvo (Fish Breeding and Fisheries), no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-09-2011-06.
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Formation of beluga brood stocks in artificial conditions whilst a catastrophic state of their natural populations is very timely and relevant. The method of domestication of wild beluga females after intravital obtaining roe was widely used in the Caspian basin, when it was still possible to catch sturgeons in the river. In the Astrakhan region, at the beginning of the current century, that method was considerably used in the formation of beluga brood stocks in cages and ponds after adaptation of fish to artificial conditions of rearing and feeding. At present, the roe obtained from domesticated beluga females is used both for seed production and for caviar production. In addition to studying the fish-breeding indicators of beluga females after obtaining roe, it was of interest to assess the economic efficiency in different farming conditions. The article presents comparative economic indicators of keeping beluga females until maturation in cages and ponds, assessed the total costs, sales income, profit, profitability. The fish-breeding indicators were taken as a basis: total eggs yield, body weight gain, fecundity, the number of oocytes per gram, eggs fertilization ratio, hatching ratio and feed conversion ratio. The article discusses the research data of 15 beluga females in cage conditions and 10 beluga females in ponds. A simplified scheme was adopted in economic calculations, in which it is assumed that feed is a half of the total cost. The results obtained indicate that the profitability of the products obtained from beluga females in cages is an order of magnitude higher than from females in ponds. It was found that the sale of seed production is more profitable than the caviar sales.
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Raftowicz, Magdalena, Magdalena Kalisiak-Mędelska, and Mirosław Struś. "The Implementation of CSA Model in Aquaculture Management in Poland." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 25, 2021): 1242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031242.
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Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) is an alternative form of distributing agricultural products, including fish, consistent with the model of food supply chain shortening. It extends beyond the traditional model of profit maximization and aims at strengthening local interactions with food consumers. The purpose of this article is to assess the feasibility of implementing the CSA model in the Polish carp market, representing the dominant aquaculture product. The research focused on the potential identified on the supply and demand sides of the carp market. The source material was collected through a pilot two-track empirical study conducted in 2019 in the Barycz Valley, where the largest complex of carp breeding ponds is located in Poland, and in Europe. We propose that the following CSA model of direct sales can become a source of specific benefits in the economic, social, and environmental dimensions for the key stakeholders of the supply chain, (i.e., carp producers and consumers). The research results show that in the case of carp production in Poland, CSA may turn out a desirable support for the sale of fish in the future; however, the existing conditions are not yet fully favourable for its development.
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Pianjing, Prisna, and Jarunee Wites. "Life Cycle Analysis of Milkfish Fingerlings Production in Thailand." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 12, no. 11 (2021): 332–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2021.12.11.1358.
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This study revealed the results from a life cycle inventory of milkfish (Chanos chanos) fingerlings production in Thailand and a life cycle assessment (LCA). A scope of study was a gate -to-gate of milkfish fingerlings production. Life cycle inventories were performed based on the production of 1,000,000 fingerlings. The assessments of environmental impacts were global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP). There were 5 major stations of milkfish fingerlings production including the brood stock, breeding, nursery, live feed, and support station. The brood stock station exhibited the highest GWP at 51,128.38 kg CO2 eq. The major source of GWP was from energy consumption. The highest AP was from breeding station at 12,794.75 kg SO2 eq. The major source was from energy used for aeration and water pumping. The highest EP was from breeding station at 172,796.10 kg PO4 eq. The use of feeds that contained lower fish meal and a good administration of feeding process could help to reduce the global warming potential. Application of alternative energy sources such as wind energy could decrease global warming and acidification impact.
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Coroian, Cristian Ovidiu, Vioara Miresan, Camelia Raducu, Claudia Costea, Radu Constantinescu, Aurelia Coroian, Mihai Iacob Bentea, et al. "Oxidative Stress and Haematological Response in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Fed With Brewer Yeast (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) as Nutritional Supplement." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 10 (November 15, 2019): 3727–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.10.7634.
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Production of freshwater fish evolved constantly over the past decades in parallel with increasing the amount of ingredients conventionally used to feed these fish. From the main ingredients, those protein based are the most expensive and increasingly difficult to obtain. Fishmeal demands valuable alternative ingredients to replace it and yeasts seem to offer new protein sources, but not only, acting as probiotics in fish feed. We tested productive and physiological benefits of brewer yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) added 1.5% in standard rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) nutrition with Coppens fodder (2 mm granulation) with 45% crude protein (CP) over a period of 45 days, starting at an average live weight of 56.86 gramsin a classical system of breeding. Production parameters as average daily gain (ADG), total live gain (TLG) and feed conversion rate (FCR) but also hematologic and biochemical blood parameters have been evaluated. Yeast fed batch presented higher productive indices but not statistically represented. Significant differences were observed in hematological parameters for hemoglobin, very significant response of yeast fed batch regarding gamma globulins (GGL) level and significant changes were also recorded for total proteins (TP). Significantly lower values for amylase were revealed, while enzymatic profile shown significant differences in alkaline phosphatase (PAL) and creatinine phosphokinase (CPK). Overall, 1.5% of dried brewer yeast added to standard fodder in rainbow trout das led to a better use of feed and a strengthening of immunity.
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Cividini, A., and D. Kompan. "Analysis of rearing technology used by sheep breeders in Slovenia." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 27, no. 3 (2011): 1097–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1103097c.
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In Slovenia low and medium production systems are prevalent in sheep breeding. The rearing technology depends on a large number of factors. The main factors affecting the choice of rearing technology are sheep breed, local conditions, season of mating and weaning time. In the present study the rearing technology in sheep breeding was analyzed. This analysis included the results of 293 questionnaires from sheep breeders of autochthonous Jezersko-Solcava and Improved Jezersko-Solcava breed. Data were subjected to the frequency analysis, using the FREQ procedure of the SAS Statistical Software (1990). The population size in the flocks of these breeders was mostly from 5 to 50 animals (73.3%). The lambing system is year-round (80%) and seasonal (7.5%). The wanted litter size of 47% of breeders is just one live born lamb. Breeders weaned their lambs at 60-90 days of age or even later. Lambs stayed with their mothers almost till the end of lactation (16-20 weeks) or till the sale to the market when they weighted 30-35 kg. Early spring and summer born lambs stayed with their mothers on the pastures with no supplement. Winter born lambs stayed with their mothers in the stable, fed by hay and supplement (cereals or commercial concentrate). The rearing technology used by Slovenian sheep breeders is sustainable and gives the opportunity for conservation of autochthonous breeds in the original environment.
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Khalak, Viktor. "Fattening and meat qualities of store pigs of large white breed of different intra-breed differentiation by melanocortin-4 receptor gene (MC4R)." Scientific Horizons 23, no. 9 (September 23, 2020): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.48077/scihor.23(9).2020.30-37.
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The study presents the results of research on fattening and meat qualities of store pigs of large white breed of different intra-breeding differentiation by the gene of melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R). The study calculated the economic efficiency of animals of different genotypes. The following fattening and meat qualities were evaluated: average daily increase in live weight during the period of control fattening, g; age of live weight 100 kg, days; fat thickness at the level of 6-7 thoracic vertebrae, mm; the length of the cooled carcass, cm; length of bacon half of chilled half-carcass, cm. It was established that store pigs of controlled population at the age of reaching live weight of 100 kg, fat thickness at the level of 6-7 thoracic vertebrae, and length of chilled carcass exceed the minimum requirements of the elite class by 13.69%. A significant difference between animals of different genotypes by the gene of the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4RAA, MC4RAG) was established according to the average daily live weight gain during the control fattening period (4.24%, P <0.01), the age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg (2.18%, P <0,01), fat thickness at the level of 6–7 thoracic vertebrae (8,45%, P <0,05), length of chilled carcass (2,26%, P <0,001), length of bacon half of chilled half carcass (3.36%, P <0.001) and selection index (SI) (18.92%, P <0.05). Significant correlations in animals of different genotypes by the melanocortin-4 receptor gene (MC4RAA, MC4RAG) were identified regarding the following features: average daily live weight gain during the control period of fattening × age of 100 kg live weight (-0.475 – -0.853), average daily live weight for the period of control fattening × SI (+0.686 - +0.770), SI × age of reaching live weight 100 kg (+0.515 – -0.721), SI × fat thickness at the level of 6-7 thoracic vertebrae (-0.944 – -0.885), length of chilled carcass × length of bacon half of chilled carcass (+0.899 – +0.861). The maximum increase in additional products was obtained from the sale of young pigs by the gene for the melanocortin-4 receptor MC4RAG – +2.02%.
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Reddon, Adam R., Constance M. O’Connor, Isaac Y. Ligocki, Jennifer K. Hellmann, Susan E. Marsh-Rollo, Ian M. Hamilton, and Sigal Balshine. "No evidence for larger brains in cooperatively breeding cichlid fishes." Canadian Journal of Zoology 94, no. 5 (May 2016): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2015-0118.
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The social brain hypothesis posits that frequent social interactions, characteristic of group living species, select for greater socio-cognitive abilities and the requisite neural machinery. An extension of the social brains hypothesis, known as the cooperative breeding brain hypothesis, postulates that cooperatively breeding species, which live in stable social groups and provide allocare, face particularly pronounced cognitive demands because they must recognize, remember, and differentially respond to multiple group members. These socio-cognitive challenges are thought to have selected for increased cognitive capacity, supported by a bigger brain. To test the prediction that cooperative breeders have larger brains, we performed a phylogenetically controlled comparison of the whole brain masses of adult fish from 16 closely related species of cooperatively and independently breeding lamprologine cichlid species from Lake Tanganyika. We collected data on brain mass from males of eight species of lamprologine cichlids and added this to brain mass data from eight more species found in the published literature. Controlling for body size and phylogeny, we found that cooperative breeding species did not have larger brains, and this was true of for both our field-collected data set and the expanded data set including published values. This study adds to a growing body of literature from other taxa that cast doubt on the cooperative breeding brain hypothesis.
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Roza, Des. "INCREASE OF IMMUNITY CANTIK HYBRID GROUPER JUVENILES BY LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE (LPS)." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis 9, no. 1 (November 2, 2017): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v9i1.17927.
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Disease is one of obstacle in fish culture. Immunity of fish against disease can be increased by using immunostimulant. The purpose of this experiment to increasing immunity of cantik hybrid grouper (cross breeding of tiger grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus female with marbled grouper, E. polyphekadion male) to the diseases by using immunostimulant. Treatments were LPS cell walls of V. alginolyticus and commercial LPS was also used in this study, as a-control without LPS was used saline water (0.85% NaCl). The LPS was delivered by injection intra-muscularly with concentration of 0.1 mL/fish. This experiment was design by completely randomized with 3 replicates. Results showed that LPS were effective to increase titer antibody values and survival rates of cantik hybrid grouper. The titer antibody values of fish after 90 days rearing period were 128 (LPS from V. alginolyticus), 64 (commercial LPS), and only 4 in the control fish. The survival rates at the end of experiment were 88.67 ± 3.62% (LPS from V. alginolyticus), 85.22±5.93% (commercial LPS), and only 50.13 ± 6.11% in the control fish. Relative percentage survival of fish following challenged with live V. alginolyticus were 77.46% in the received LPS from V. alginolyticus cell wall and 71.12% in the fish received commercial LPS. It is suggested that LPS effective to increase immunity of cantik hybrid grouper against bacterial infection. Keywords: cantik hybrid grouper, immunity, lipopolysaccharide, Vibrio alginolyticus
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Hempel, Gotthilf. "Life in the Antarctic sea ice zone." Polar Record 27, no. 162 (July 1991): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400012663.
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AbstractSeasonal ice of the Southern Ocean, occupying some 15 x 106 km2, supports a distinctive biota based on algae that live on, within and immediately beneath the ice floes. How this annually-forming habitat recruits its biota, and the fate of the biota after the ice thaws in late summer, are little-known. Studies in the Weddell Sea in 1984–88 have shown that the seasonal ice is important as the wintering substrate of krill Euphausia superba which, together with other zooplankton and fish, supports a large breeding population of seals and penguins. Clearly a key habitat in the economy of the Southern Ocean, this seasonal ice is likely to be vulnerable to small climatic changes.
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Stobo, Wayne T., and G. Mark Fowler. "Sealworm (Pseudoterranova decipiens) dynamics in Sable Island grey seals (Halichoerus grypus): seasonal fluctuations and other changes in worm infections during the 1980s." NAMMCO Scientific Publications 3 (November 24, 2001): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/3.2963.
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The abundance of P. decipiens sampled from the stomachs of 553 grey seals (aged 0-48 years) collected during 14 field trips to Sable Island in 1983 and 1989 did not change significantly between years, even though the seal population has been increasing at over 12% annually and there has been a substantial decline in the fish biomass upon which they depend. The proportion of mature worms in the seals’ stomachs has decreased, however. Seal growth, expressed in terms of either age orlength, showed the strongest correlation with total worm abundance. These infections were not completely eliminated at any time during the year, but a seasonal pattern in worm abundance was apparent. Among the youngest seals an inverse relationship was demonstrated between the abundance of P. decipiens and another parasitic nematode, Contracaecum osculatum. Sexually mature P. decipiens were found in pups within 3 to 4 months of the commencement of independent feeding, and the abundance of P. decipiens progressively increased throughout the first year of life. Male pups contracted more worms than female pups of the same age. P. decipiens abundances in juvenile seals were primarily associated with seasonal pattern and age, with C. osculatum abundance still influencing the abundance of P. decipiens, but to a much lesser extent than seen with pups. Length of seals was the main predictor of total worm abundance in adult seals, with a seasonal pattern being next in order of importance. Age was also significant, possibly representing a component of growth not accounted for by length alone. No relationship between the abundances of P. decipiens and C. osculatum was apparent for adult seals. The seasonal pattern in total worm abundance of juvenile and adult seals was characterized by declines during the winter and mid-summer. We suggest these declines are due, respectively, to the breeding season fast and one or both of 1) a change in seal diet from primarily highly infected fish species to less infected ones, and 2) a partial fast during the annual moult. The proportion of mature worms increased during reductions in worm abundance throughout most of the year, but during the breeding fast both total abundance and the proportionmature declined.
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Kucska, Balázs, Péter Kabai, Juraj Hajdú, Levente Várkonyi, Dániel Varga, Magdolna Müllerné-Trenovszki, Sándor Tatár, Béla Urbányi, Daniel Zarski, and Tamás Müller. "Ex situ protection of the European mudminnow (Umbra krameri Walbaum, 1792): Spawning substrate preference for larvae rearing under controlled conditions." Archives of Biological Sciences 68, no. 1 (2016): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs150428008k.
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Captive breeding programs of endangered fish species, such as the European mudminnow Umbra krameri, are essential for population restoration. To improve captive spawning and larvae rearing under controlled conditions, two experiments were carried out. In the first, the spawning substrate preference was tested in triplicate, where five different types of artificial surface were provided for mudminnow pairs:(i)sand, (ii)artificial plants, (iii)gravel, (iv)sand + artificial plants and(v)gravel + artificial plants. All fish preferred the gravel + artificial plant combination, which indicates that this type of surface could be the most appropriate for spawning in captivity. In the second trial, three feeding protocols were tested in triplicate under controlled conditions. In the first treatment fish were fed exclusively with Artemia nauplii; in the second treatment fish were fed with Artemiafor the first ten days then Artemia was gradually replaced with dry feed; for the third group the transition period started after 5 days of Artemia feeding. Although the survival rate of larvae could be maintained at a high level in some of the feeding protocols, a strong decrease in the growth rate was obvious in all diets containing dry food, which means that live food is essential for the first three weeks of mudminnow larvae rearing.
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Senechyn, V. V. "Technology of growing aquaculture objects in conditions PE “Kunitsky” Mlyniv district of Rivne region." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 22, no. 93 (September 21, 2020): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-a9309.
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The possibility of increasing the production of fish and fish products during its cultivation in inland waters, through the introduction of industrial methods and intensification of production was studied. The application of a set of intensification measures in fish farming is a necessary process, which is dictated by the increasing needs of the population in live and chilled fish against the background of reduced catches of ocean and sea fish. An important aspect of this issue is the priority of the main ways in solving the tasks, in my opinion, should be based on the ecological concept of intensification of fisheries, which allows to develop clear approaches that should be guided. Implementation of its main provisions in practice will create a new bionic technology of fish cultivation, change the usual accounting of ponds, hatcheries, fish tanks, vehicles for transporting fish, create a new class of self-driving mechanisms, aeration plants, limestones, feeders, improve production processes, prevention and treatment of fish diseases. The main purpose of the work was to improve the technology of growing commercial carp in the fishery “Kunitsky”. To achieve this goal, generally accepted hydrochemical, hydrobiological and fish farming methods were used. In the breeding ponds of fisheries PE “Kunitsky” studied the technology of growing fish stock and commercial fish. The complex reclamation works, fertilization of ponds, control of temperature and hydrochemical regimes, natural fodder base, feeding of fish with artificial balanced fodder and cultivation in polyculture with objects of the Far Eastern complex affect the morphometric and fish production indicators of cultivated objects in the farm. The results of research show that to get more fish from each hectare of pond area and as a result to improve economic performance is possible only with the involvement of highly skilled workers and further intensification of fish farming.
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Fischer, Stefan, Barbara Taborsky, Rebecca Burlaud, Ahana Aurora Fernandez, Sybille Hess, Evelyne Oberhummer, and Joachim G. Frommen. "Animated images as a tool to study visual communication: a case study in a cooperatively breeding cichlid." Behaviour 151, no. 12-13 (2014): 1921–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003223.
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Investigating the role of visual information in animal communication often involves the experimental presentation of live stimuli, mirrors, dummies, still images, video recordings or computer animations. In recent years computer animations have received increased attention, as this technology allows the presentation of moving stimuli that exhibit a fully standardized behaviour. However, whether simple animated 2D-still images of conspecific and heterospecific stimulus animals can elicit detailed behavioural responses in test animals is unclear thus far. In this study we validate a simple method to generate animated still images using PowerPoint presentations as an experimental tool. We studied context-specific behaviour directed towards conspecifics and heterospecifics, using the cooperatively breeding cichlid Neolamprologus pulcher as model species. N. pulcher did not only differentiate between images of conspecifics, predators and herbivorous fish, but they also showed adequate behavioural responses towards the respective stimulus images as well as towards stimulus individuals of different sizes. Our results indicate that even simple animated still images, which can be produced with minimal technical effort at very low costs, can be used to study detailed behavioural responses towards social and predatory challenges. Thus, this technique opens up intriguing possibilities to manipulate single or multiple visual features of the presented animals by simple digital image-editing and to study their relative importance to the observing fish. We hope to encourage further studies to use animated images as a powerful research tool in behavioural and evolutionary studies.
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Puspitasari, Rachma, and Suratno. "PRELIMINARY STUDY OF LARVAL DEVELOPMENT Oryzias javanicus IN INDONESIA." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis 9, no. 1 (November 2, 2017): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v9i1.17920.
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Java medaka Oryzias javanicus potentially developed as test organism, represents the coastal region because it has a high adaptability in freshwater, brackishwater and marine environments. Utilization of it as a test organism has some obstacles such as lack of number of test organisms with same size or age. The fulfillment of number can be solved if the test organism is cultivated exclusively in the laboratory. This study was a preliminary study to get information about suitable salinity for spawning and hatching. Parameter observed were spawning ability in 0 and 20 ppt and hatching rate of egg among 0. 15 and 30 ppt and development of larval fish in 0 ppt. Result indicated that the fish was be able to spawn in 0 and 20 ppt. Eggs were hatched within 9 days in 30 ppt, faster than in freshwater and 15 ppt. In general, O. javanicus was be able to spawn either in freshwater or seawater, but there are differences in the behavior of fish in the laying of egg. Fish will carried their eggs in the abdomen in freshwater, while 20 ppt salinity fish tends to release the eggs. O. javanicus be able to live and lay eggs on freshwater and seawater. Selection of salinity is adjusted to test requirement in egg phase, pascalarva or adult. In general, breeding of fish easier and faster done in fresh water while hatching eggs take place more quickly in high salinity.Keywords: Indonesia, Java Medaka, Oryzias javanicus, test organism
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Karpenko, Nadezhda, and Natalia Sudakova. "Spring dynamics of cyprinids parasitofauna under pond aquaculture conditions in the Astrakhan region." Rybovodstvo i rybnoe hozjajstvo (Fish Breeding and Fisheries), no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-09-2011-05.
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The results of spring monitoring of invasive diseases of Cyprinids in fish farms of the Astrakhan region are presented. Indicator representatives of the main species groups of the ectoparasite fauna of Cyprinids (monogenetic trematodes, fish leeches, crustaceans and unicellular skin parasites) are considered, and the quantitative dynamics of invasions in spring season under aquaculture conditions in the Astrakhan region are considered. In the period from April to May 2020, 170 samples of carp fish of five species were examined: carp, bream, roach, silver bream, rudd. The study was carried out by the parasitological method on live fish, the intensity of invasion was determined. The causative agents of the following invasive diseases of cyprinids were identified: dactylogyrosis, argulez, trichodinosis, diplozoonosis, piscicolez. For all detected parasites, a low intensity of invasion was noted (1–20 ind. per fish), which corresponds to the baseline values for pond rearing of Cyprinids and allows us to speak about satisfactory conditions for fish. The number of leeches averaged 10 specimens per fish, which is rather high in spring and indicates inadequate preparation of ponds for the fish-breeding season, or early arrival of spring; however, according to quantitative criteria, this corresponds to a low intensity of invasion. In general, the results obtained are consistent with the background presence of ectoparasites on cyprinids during pond rearing and allow us to speak about satisfactory conditions for keeping fish in the commercial farms of the Astrakhan region. The effect of earlier periods of the onset of high water temperatures in the river and ponds in recent years (2019–2020) on the development of the dynamics of invasive diseases in fish farms of the Astrakhan region requires additional study
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Karim, Md Fazlul, MAA Yahia Khandaker, and Syed Sakhawat Husain. "Comparative efficacy of two extenders on post-thaw sperm characteristics of cryopreserved Black Bengal buck semen." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 6, no. 1 (May 14, 2019): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v6i1.41393.
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The research work was conducted at the Artificial Insemination (AI) Center under the Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to compare the efficacy between Egg Yolk Citrate (EYC) and Tris extenders for cryopreserved semen production in Black Bengal buck. The parameters of semen characteristics included percentage of individual motility (progressive), normal and live sperm and sperm concentration (billion/ml). Statistical analysis of fresh semen of individual buck effect was found to be significant (p<0.01) on normal sperm percentage but insignificant on individual motility, sperm concentration and live sperm percentage. After dilution with EYC extender, individual bucks had significant effect (p<0.05) on sperm motility and but insignificant on motility after cooling with and without glycerol. In the same way with Tris extender, it was insignificant (p>0.05) on diluted semen motility and motility after cooling with and without glycerol. Motility and morphology of the sperm after equilibration and thawing showed insignificant difference among the bucks using EYC extender. On the other hand, variation in the motility after equilibration and thawing was found significant (p<0.05) using Tris extender and insignificant on normal and live sperm percentages.
Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(1): 119-125, April 2019
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Sazima, Ivan. "Playful birds: cormorants and herons play with objects and practice their skills." Biota Neotropica 8, no. 2 (June 2008): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032008000200025.
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Play is a behaviour known mostly for mammals, although birds are recorded to play as well. Here I describe the play behaviour for two bird species, the Neotropic Cormorant (Phalacrocorax brasilianus) and the Green Heron (Butorides striata) in southeastern Brazil. Juvenile and adult cormorants were recorded to manipulate sticks, leaves, rootlets, and plant debris while on the ground. They also played with sticks, leaves, pods, and plant debris, as well as live or dead fish while in the water, repeatedly grabbing the object and submerging it. When the object was a fish, they tossed it in the air as well. Juvenile herons played with small pieces of wood, fruits, and other floating objects, which they picked up and tossed repeatedly in the water. The behaviours recorded for the cormorants and herons qualify as object play, i.e., frolicsome interactions with an inanimate object including exploratory manipulation. This behaviour is regarded as having an important role in general motor development and for practice of particular skills, mostly foraging and breeding.
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Hancz, C., G. Milisits, and P. Horn. "In vivo measurement of total body lipid content of common carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i> L.) by electrical conductivity." Archives Animal Breeding 46, no. 4 (October 10, 2003): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-46-397-2003.
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Abstract. non-destructive method to predict the total lipid content and the lean body mass (LBM) was evaluated by measuring the total body electrical conductivity (TOBEC) with common carp. This technique is based on the principle that body fat and fat-free mass differ in electric properties which can be measured in a low-frequency electromagnetic field. Experimental fish with average body weight of 1225 ± 298 g originated from a commercial stock. Fish were slaughtered immediately after the measurements and homogenized samples were taken from the grinded whole-body. The fat content of the homogenates was analysed using Soxhlet extraction after hydrochloric acid digestion. The weight of lean body mass (LBM) was calculated as the difference between the live weight and the weight of fat determined. The TOBEC method provided very precise estimation of lean body mass (R2 = 0.99). Total body lipid content (in gram) can also be predicted from the E value and live weight with adequate accuracy (R2 = 0.66) in the size range of 706–1989 g in common carp. The predictibility of the crude fat content (in %) was moderate (R2 = 0.37) in the present investigation. It could not be increased significantly by including other body measurements as standard lenght, height and circumference. Fat content of table-sized, sexually matured common carp can be estimated at a precision level that may be adequate only if high selection pressure has to be applied in a breeding program.
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Ulimbasheva, R. А. "ENGINEERING AND MANUFACTURING EVALUATION OF RAM HOGS GROWTH OF KARACHAI BREED OF DIFFERENT BIRTH MONTHS." Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy, no. 3(50) (September 8, 2020): 192–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2020-3-192-196.
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Meat sheep breeding got a big popularity in recent years, which one of the main ways is production of high quality mutton with least possible working and physical resources. One of the reserves of expansion of output is the use of different processing methods, such as production and sale of lamb meat in birth year with account for lamb birth period. The research aim is to study growth characteristics and feed efficiency by liveweight gain of ram hog of Karachai breed, born in different months- February, March and April. Research for the study of growth characteristics and feed efficiency by liveweight gain on ram hogs of Karchai breed was carried out in conditions of submontane zone of the Kabardino-Balkaria Republic. The research object is ram hogs of Karachai breed. During the research analytical, common zoocultural and biometric techniques were used. Lambing ewes in February – March period gave the edge on offsprings in live weight parameters, daily live weight gain and feed efficiency by products. By the end of their superiority over ram-hogs of April birth month was according to liveweight 3,2-4,7 kg (Р>0,999), and according to average daily growth for all the production cycle – 12-17 g (Р>0,999). Production of lamb meat from ram hogs of February- March birth period was less expensive which had for 0,61-0,77 EFU and 61-79 g of digestible protein lower, was less expensive. Lambing ewes in February and March provides the obtainment of more constitutional strong offsprings, which predominate herdmates of April birth according to growth parameters and feed efficiency.
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Saura, María, Pablo Caballero, Armando Caballero, and Paloma Morán. "Genetic variation in restored Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) populations in the Ulla and Lérez rivers, Galicia, Spain." ICES Journal of Marine Science 63, no. 7 (January 1, 2006): 1290–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icesjms.2006.03.005.
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Abstract The populations of Atlantic salmon in the Ulla and Lérez rivers, located in Galicia in northwestern Spain, were close to extinction early in the 1990s. A restoration programme involving supportive breeding has been conducted since 1995, using a mixture of salmon populations from several Galician rivers. The programme utilizes progeny of adults returning to the rivers and wild parr reared in fresh water until maturity. Five microsatellite loci were used to compare genetic variability in the restored populations with that in populations before their collapse in the 1950s. DNA samples were obtained from scale collections (old samples) and from tissue samples of live fish caught in the rivers (modern samples). Average heterozygosities and allelic richness are very similar in modern and old samples. Populations inhabiting the Ulla and Lérez rivers today are more similar than they were in the past, possibly because they originated in the same stock mixture.
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Protsiv, O. R. "ІСТОРІОГРАФІЯ ВЕТЕРИНАРНИХ АСПЕКТІВ РОЗВИТКУ РИБАЛЬСТВА ГАЛИЧИНИ ХІХ – ПОЧАТКУ ХХ СТ." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology 18, no. 2(66) (September 12, 2016): 237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet6650.
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This article provides an overview of the scientific, journalistic literature, periodicals of Galicia in 19th - early 20th century, which highlights the issue of veterinary medicine related to breeding, sale and consumption of fish. It was made a generalization of historiography of problem in chronological context and it was revealed positive developments in veterinary in designated historical period of Galicia. It was made the comparative analysis of the literature in the field of veterinary medicine in the context of fisheries. Based on Instructions of vicegerency of Galicia, Ministry of Agriculture of the Second Polish Republic, administrative acts of local authorities it was researched the peculiarities of state regulation in the field of veterinary medicine. It was illustrated the impact of fishing Provincial Society in Krakow for the publication of specialized literature, which deals with the animal, their influence on public authorities to lobby for favorable fishing industry laws and their enforcement practices, organizing specialized courses of study veterinary aspects of fisheries. It was dealed the Scientists' bibliography in the veterinary field and fishing such as: A. Vyezheyski, M. Nowicki, M. Ratsiborski, S. Krulikovski, M. Hirdvoynya, S. Fibih, Z. Fischer, P. Lyesnyevski. The findings justified the use of the historical experience of Veterinary Science, legislative support of the industry, and practice of its enforcement in today's Ukraine.
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Shpynova, S., O. Yadrishchenskaya, T. Selina, and E. Basova. "Effectiveness of using naked oat in compound feed for quails." Kormlenie sel'skohozjajstvennyh zhivotnyh i kormoproizvodstvo (Feeding of agricultural animals and feed production), no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-05-2009-01.
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The development of industrial poultry farming requires not only the breeding of new highly productive poultry breeds, but also the development of new rearing technologies and the improvement of standardized nutrition. Currently, in the field of feeding farm animals and poultry an important research area is the search for cheaper non-traditional and affordable feed products that can replace part of the grain in the poultry diet. It is very important to use local raw materials. One of these crops is naked oat, which has the highest energy content, the highest concentration of lysine and methionine among all cereals. The purpose of the researches was to determine the eff ectiveness of using naked oat in compound feed for quails. The results of the influence of complete nutrient-balanced compound feeds with naked oat on zootechnical and economic indicators in the rearing of quails have been presented in the article. It has been found that the live weight of quails in the experimental group has been increased by 3,06 %, while the average daily feed consumption has been increased by 1,83 %. Feed expenditures per 1 kg of live weight gain in the experimental group have been lower by 1,31 % due to the absorption of feed nutrients. According to the results of the balance experiment, the digestibility of raw protein has increased by 1,90, fat by 0,41 %, nitrogen-free extractive substances by 2,77 %. When calculating economic indicators, it has been found that the use of naked oat in compound feed for quails allowed to increase the yield of meat and revenue from its sale by 3,75 %. Despite an increase in the total cost of feed consumed by the experimental group by 2,27 %, the profi t has been received by 9,59 % more. The level of profi tability of quail meat production in the experimental group exceeded the indicator of the control group by 3,40 %.
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Fernandes, Arthur Francisco Araujo, Erika R. de Alvarenga, Tiago L. Passafaro, Fernando B. lopes, Gabriel F. O. Alves, Vikas Singh, and Eduardo M. Turra. "PSII-6 Deep Learning image segmentation for extraction of body measurements and prediction of body weight in Nile tilapia." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 236–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.480.
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Abstract Individual measurement of traits of interest is of great importance for breeding and management decisions in animal production systems. However, measurements are often taken manually, which is laborious and also stressful for the animals. Therefore, the development of fast, precise and indirect measurement methods is paramount. An appealing way for such a task is through computer vision systems (CVS). Hence, the objectives of the current work were: 1) Devise a CVS for autonomous measurement of Nile tilapia body area, length, height, and eccentricity; and 2) Evaluation of linear models for prediction of body weight (BW). The pixels of 822 RGB images of live fish were labeled into background, fish fins or body using the “MTurk” crowdsourcing service. This dataset was then split into training (60% of data) and testing sets for the development of Deep Learning Networks for image segmentation into the three pixel categories. The networks differed in input image size (10 to 40% of original size) and number of encoder/decoder layer stacks (1 to 5). An independent dataset with 831 images was used for validation of the linear predictive models. The results for intersection over union (IoU) show that a network with input of 20% of the original size and 4 encoder/decoder stacks achieved the best results, with IoU on the test dataset of 99, 90 and 64% for background, fish body and fin, respectively (Figure 1). Predicted segmentation from this network on randomly selected images is shown in Figure 2. From the linear models evaluated, the one considering only area as input showed predicted R2 of 0.92 for fish BW (Table 1). In conclusion, the devised CVS was able to correctly separate fish body from background and fins, and a linear model using fish body area as input provided good predictive quality of Nile tilapia BW.
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Mustapha, Moshood K. "Aquaculture and Fish Welfare: Are the Rights of Fish Compromised?/ Akwakultura I Dobrostan Ryb: Czy Prawa Ryb Są Szanowane?" Zoologica Poloniae 59, no. 1-4 (December 1, 2014): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/zoop-2014-0005.
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Abstract Fish need adequate welfare in culture even more than when they are in the wild. This is because they are held in captivity against their ‘will’. The welfare of farmed fish should start from production to consumption. Several factors have been identified as compromising the rights and welfare of fish in aquaculture. These include the aquacultural holding devices, stocking density, water quality, food and feeding regimes, diseases and parasite infestation, treatment of the diseases and parasites, handling, netting and removal before and during slaughter, methods of slaughter, fasting/ food withdrawal, unnatural dark/light photoperiods, selection for fast growth, selective and induced breeding, genetic manipulations, exposure to predators, polyculture, tagging, crowding, grading, transport and harvesting, fish attractors and accidental or deliberate introduction of genetically modified farmed fish. The best way to achieve good welfare and health of fish in aquaculture is to respect, maintain and improve the rights of fish, otherwise known as the “five freedoms.” Lack, deficiency or difficulty in having or providing any one of the five freedoms in aquaculture is an indicator of poor welfare for the fish which could be observed through physical, physiological, morphological, behavioural or environmental indicators in the fish. The best strategy for a reliable assessment of fish welfare/suffering and their impact on product quality is a multidisciplinary approach using several assessment parameters and comparing the deviations from the normal biological state with those from the wild which live in their natural, unperturbed environment. Some of the ways to achieve good welfare and safeguard the rights of the farmed fish in reducing the welfare problems were highlighted. Welfare of farmed fish should be considered in terms of ethics, productivity, economic viability and consumer’s acceptability of the final product. Consumers are becoming aware of the quality of farmed fish arising from poor welfare of the fish during culture. Improvement in fish welfare will increase profits, productivity and acceptability of the farmed fish because fish that are less stressedand humanely slaugh tered are healthier, grow better and have better meat quality. There is the need to develop common standard welfare indices for fish in culture in order to detect, correct and improve any deviation from the normal state of the fish in their aquacultural holding devices (AHD). It should be known that whatever is good in terms of welfare to humans should also be good to the fish in captivity.
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Lagutkina, Lina, Anna Bakhareva, Aliya Akhmedzhanova, Yulia Fedorovykh, and Evgenia Kuzmina. "Monitoring of adaptive potential by functional loads and feeding regime of sturgeon juveniles." E3S Web of Conferences 175 (2020): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017502004.
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The article presents the results of research on the physiological and biochemical state of sturgeon juveniles using various functional loads at the early stages of post-embryonic development of sturgeon raised on an experimental diet in the presence of live food. The article analyzes the effectiveness of the application of functional load methods and feeding regimen to establish the physiological status of released juveniles to replenish natural populations. The article provides information about the stability of young sturgeon fish during the period of release from sturgeon hatcheries to replenish the natural population, further entry from fresh to sea water, and placement in places of natural feeding. The temperature and salinity of water for hydrobionts is a factor that has an integral effect on the activity of functionally important systems of the body at all stages of the life cycle. Juveniles obtained from artificial generations and grown in a combined way on various feeds retain high plasticity, adequate nutrition forms an osmoregulatory function and resistance to temperature conditions of the environment. It is proved experimentally that the feeding regime is an important factor affecting the fish-breeding and biological and physiological and biochemical parameters of young Russian sturgeon, stellate sturgeon and bester.
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Buston, Peter M., Geoffrey P. Jones, Serge Planes, and Simon R. Thorrold. "Probability of successful larval dispersal declines fivefold over 1 km in a coral reef fish." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1735 (December 7, 2011): 1883–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.2041.
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A central question of marine ecology is, how far do larvae disperse? Coupled biophysical models predict that the probability of successful dispersal declines as a function of distance between populations. Estimates of genetic isolation-by-distance and self-recruitment provide indirect support for this prediction. Here, we conduct the first direct test of this prediction, using data from the well-studied system of clown anemonefish ( Amphiprion percula ) at Kimbe Island, in Papua New Guinea. Amphiprion percula live in small breeding groups that inhabit sea anemones. These groups can be thought of as populations within a metapopulation. We use the x- and y -coordinates of each anemone to determine the expected distribution of dispersal distances (the distribution of distances between each and every population in the metapopulation). We use parentage analyses to trace recruits back to parents and determine the observed distribution of dispersal distances. Then, we employ a logistic model to (i) compare the observed and expected dispersal distance distributions and (ii) determine the relationship between the probability of successful dispersal and the distance between populations. The observed and expected dispersal distance distributions are significantly different ( p < 0.0001). Remarkably, the probability of successful dispersal between populations decreases fivefold over 1 km. This study provides a framework for quantitative investigations of larval dispersal that can be applied to other species. Further, the approach facilitates testing biological and physical hypotheses for the factors influencing larval dispersal in unison, which will advance our understanding of marine population connectivity.
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Rosa, Ana Priscila Centeno, Lisiane Fernandes de Carvalho, Luzia Goldbeck, Dariane Beatriz Schoffen Enke, Cleber Bastos Rocha, Leonor Almeida Souza-Soares, Juvêncio Luís Osório Fernandes Pouey, and Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa. "Productive performance and fatty acid profile of hungarian carp fingerlings fed with Spirulina enriched feed." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 3 (February 21, 2020): e116932301. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i3.2301.
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The incentive for fish consumption by the population increased its captive breeding production and consequently, increased the demand for feeds. This study aimed at evaluating the use of Spirulina microalga as source of protein, in place of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, on the productive performance and fatty acid profile of Hungarian carp fingerlings (Cyprinos carpio). In order to carry out this experiment, a basal ration formulated with soybean meal and dehydrated yeast (Control), and other rations formulated with the Spirulina microalga substituting yeast at 25, 50, 75 and 100% levels. 280 Hungarian carp fingerlings with 50 days and average initial live-weight of g were used. The microalgae enriched rations increased linearly the weight gain and the specific growth rate of the fingerlings. The saturated fatty acids represent more than 50% of the lipid content. In relation to the polyunsaturated fatty acids, an increasing rise was observed as the protein substitution of the ration by the microalgae increased.
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Badryzlova, Nina Sergeevna. "Comparative characteristics of the conditions for harvesting, transportation and spawning of pike perch in fish farms in Kazakhstan." Rybovodstvo i rybnoe hozjajstvo (Fish Breeding and Fisheries), no. 8 (July 27, 2021): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-09-2108-04.
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A description of biotechnical methods of harvesting pike perch in natural reservoirs, methods of catching pike perch spawners, keeping in adaptation cages and transporting pike perch from fishing sites to the farm is given. Pike perch breeders were caught from the reservoirs with fixed and floating nets during the period: in the Kapshagai reservoir from 10 to 20 April; in the Syrdarya river — from April 20 to May 5. The adaptation was carried out in cages located in the coastal zone. Transportation to the fish farm was carried out in live fish tanks with a volume of 1 and 3 m³ with water aeration. The reproduction of pike perch was carried out in two fish farms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data on spawning of pike perch in two ways are given: in cages on nests; as well as the receipt of reproduction products by the factory method from “flowing” producers. In the first case, females and males were placed in cages in a ratio of 1:1 and 1:2; a spawning nest was installed in each cage and spawning was monitored. In the second case, from the “flowing” pike perch breeders ready for spawning, reproductive products (eggs and sperm) were obtained, fertilization and degluing were carried out with a suspension of white clay. The monitoring of hydrochemical indicators was constantly carried out, the dates of the beginning and end of spawning of pike perch were determined. The article presents the fish-breeding and biological characteristics of pike perch producers participating in spawning. The mass of spawned pike perch females in LLP “Halyk Balyk” ranged from 2 kg to 2.5 kg, males — 1.5–2.5 kg; females weighing 2.1–2.6 kg were used in the Republican State Enterprise “Kamyshly-Bashsky Fish Hatchery”; males — from 1.2 kg to 2.4 kg. Based on the results of the research, biotechnical standards were developed for the preparation of pike perch producers in water bodies, for transportation to fish farms, standards for spawning of pike perch in various ways.