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1
Thomas, Dr Mike. "Dysfunctional breathing and asthma : can breathing exercises improve asthma control?" Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531907.
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The hypothesis underlying this thesis was that abnormal, dysfunctional breathing may occur commonly in people with asthma, and when identified and treated using a breathing training programme supervised by a physiotherapist, will result in improved asthma control. The thesis is based around four original research papers published in peer-reviewed journals. These papers present epidemiological surveys quantifying the extent of symptoms attributable to dysfunctional breathing in adults with asthma in comparison with the non-asthmatic adult population, and randomised controlled trials investigating the effectiveness of a breathing training programme in improving asthma control. Initially, a review of the existing evidence of co-morbidity between asthma and dysfunctional breathing is presented, together with that of effectiveness of breathing training interventions. In subsequent chapters, two epidemiological surveys are presented, showing that symptoms consistent with dysfunctional breathing were more common in the asthmatic than the non-asthmatic adult population. Data from a pilot and a subsequent full randomised controlled trial are then presented. These show that breathing training was associated with improved patient-reported outcomes in comparison with a control intervention of asthma education (chosen to control for the non-specific effects of professional contact and interest on a symptomatic patient). The thesis shows that in a clinical trial situation, many people with asthma can benefit from breathing training.
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Van, der Nest Megan. "Silence, like breathing." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015246.
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In this collection of free verse lyric poems I have drawn inspiration from childhood memories, as well as from the natural world and encounters with the people around me. Each poem focuses on a small moment, presenting an emotive portrait of a memory or an experience. These small moments lead, cumulatively, to deeper insights into myself and the world around me. The collection is divided into four seasons, in part because the work is strongly influenced by the natural world, but also because the progression of the seasons mirrors something of the personal journey reflected in the poems.
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Jung, Annkatrin. "The Breathing Garment : Exploring Breathing-Based Interactions through Deep Touch Pressure." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-284203.
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Deep touch pressure is used to treat sensory processing difficulties by applying a firm touch to the body to stimulate the nervous system and soothe anxiety. I conducted a long-term exploration of deep touch pressure from a first-person perspective, using shape-changing pneumatic actuators, breathing and ECG sensors to investigate whether deep touch pressure can guide users to engage in semi-autonomous interactions with their breathing and encourage greater introspection and body awareness. Based on an initial collaborative material exploration, I designed the breathing garment- a wearable vest used to guide the wearer through deep breathing techniques. The breathing garment presents a new use case of deep touch pressure as a modality for hapticbreathing feedback, which showed potential in supporting interoceptive awareness and relaxation. It allowed me to engage in a dialogue with my body, serving as a constant reminder to turn inwards and attend to my somatic experience. By pushing my torso forward, the actuators were able to engage my entire body while responding to my breath, creating a sense of intimacy, of being safe and taken care of. This work addresses a gap in HCI research around deep touch pressure and biosensing technology concerning the subjective experience of their emotional and cognitive impact. The longterm, felt engagement with different breathing techniques opened up a rich design space around pressure-based actuation in the context of breathing. This rendered a number of experiential qualities and affordances of the shape-changing pneumatic actuators, such as: applying subtle, slowly changing pressure to draw attention to specific body parts, but also disrupting the habitual way of breathing with asynchronous and asymmetric actuation patterns; taking on a leading or following role in the interaction, at times both simultaneously; and acting as a comforting companion or as a communication channel between two people as well as between one person and their soma.Djuptrycksterapi (Deep Touch Pressure, DTP) används för att behandla personer som har problem med att processa sensoriska upplevelser. Detta genom att applicera ett fast tryck på kroppen för att aktivera nervsystemet och lindra ångest. Jag genomförde en långtidsutforskning av DTP ur ett första-persons-perspektiv, med hjälp av formförändrande tryckluftsaktuatorer, andnings sensorer och EKG-elektroder. Dess syfte var att undersöka ifall DTP kan guida användare till att engageras i semiautonoma interaktioner med sin andning och främja en större introspektion och kroppsmedvetenhet. Baserat på ett initialt samarbete kring undersökning av olika material, designade jag “the breathing garment” - en bärbar väst som guidar användaren genom djupandningstekniker. Andningsvästen visar på en ny användning av DTP som en modalitet av haptisk andningsfeedback, och den möjliggör ett stödjande av interoceptisk medvetenhet och avslappning. Andningsvästen tillät mig att delta i en dialog med min egen kropp, och fungerade som en ständig påminnelse att vända mig inåt och uppmärksamma mina somatiska upplevelser. Genom att trycka min bröstkorg framåt kunde aktuatorerna engagera hela min kropp när de svarade mot min andning, vilket skapade en känsla av intimitet, trygghet och att vara omhändertagen. Detta examensarbete uppmärksammar ett område som tidigare varit outforskat inom HCI av djuptrycksterapi och biosensorteknik kring den subjektiva upplevelsen av dess emotionella och kognitiva påverkan. Det långvariga engagemanget med aktivt upplevande av olika andningstekniker öppnade upp en stor designrymd kring tryckbaserade aktuatorer i en kontext av andning. Det visar på ett flertal experimentella kvaliteter och affordances av de formförändrande tryckluftsaktuatorerna, såsom: att applicera ett gradvis ökande och markant tryck för att dra uppmärksamheten till specifika kroppsdelar, men också för att bryta det vanliga andningsmönstret genom asynkron och asymmetrisk mönsterpåverkan; att ta en ledande eller följande roll i interaktionen, ibland båda samtidigt; och att agera som en tröstande följeslagare, eller som en kommunikationskanal mellan två människor, likväl som mellan en person och hennes soma.
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Trumbore, Rachel. "How Meditative Breathing Can Enhance Musical Performance| A Study on the Practical Use of Alternate Nostril Breathing and Deep Breathing." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10784364.
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This paper will help musicians understand the positive effects of incorporating deep breathing and alternate nostril breathing meditation techniques into their daily practice sessions by corroborating how these techniques enhance both mental focus and physical calm. I will give examples of how I use these techniques in warm-ups, practice sessions, and in the performance of Sonatine pour Trombone et Piano by Jacques Castérède. Additionally, I will provide a brief introductory background to meditation as well as scientific evidence to validate its many benefits for musicians. The ultimate goal of this paper is to equip musicians with specific meditative breathing techniques that when used during daily practice sessions, enhance focus in a way that can be applied to performance situations leading to more intentional performances.
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Austin, Paul Nelson. "Imposed Work of Breathing and Breathing Comfort of Nonintubated Volunters Breathing with Three Portable Ventilators and a Critical Care Ventilator." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin997382634.
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Ling, Heping. "A Breathing Stabilization System." The University of Waikato, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2417.
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Breathing Stabilization System is a new idea and method. The purpose of this system is to produce a device to control a patient's breathing for gated radiotherapy. This thesis focuses on building a simple Breathing Stabilization System that includes five solenoids, a power supply and five force sensors to build up the whole system. Significantly, this thesis will introduce the modeling of solenoids in detail that include how to build a mathematical model of the solenoids. The simulation of the electromagnetic in professional multi-physics software COMSOL will also be explained. To drive the solenoid system, a voltage-to-current converter is used. This part will be introduced as well as the operational amplifier circuit used by the force sensors.
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Upton, Mary-Jane. "Dysfuntional breathing in asthma." Thesis, Bucks New University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416001.
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Jensen, Amber L. "Breathing Through the Night." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2012. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1446.
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In Breathing through the Night, the author examines the moments of understanding and misunderstanding, the moments of fear, coping, and relief that occur during her husband’s deployment to Iraq and upon his return. The experiences of this military family serve as a magnifying lens through which the author explores means of coping and the role of communication in making meaning from memory, in shaping personal narratives within layers of story and history.
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Loadsman, John Anthony. "Perioperative Sleep and Breathing." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/689.
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Sleep disruption has been implicated in morbidity after major surgery since 1974. Sleep-related upper airway obstruction has been associated with death after upper airway surgery and profound episodic hypoxaemia in the early postoperative period. There is also evidence for a rebound in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep that might be contributing to an increase in episodic sleep-related hypoxaemic events later in the first postoperative week. Speculation regarding the role of REM sleep rebound in the generation of late postoperative morbidity and mortality has evolved into dogma without any direct evidence to support it. The research presented in this thesis involved two main areas: a search for evidence of a clinically important contribution of REM sleep rebound to postoperative morbidity, and a re-examination of the role of sleep in the causation of postoperative episodic hypoxaemic events. To assess the latter, a relationship between airway obstruction under anaesthesia and the severity of sleep-disordered breathing was sought. In 148 consecutive sleep clinic patients, 49% of those with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) had a number of events in non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) that was greater than or equal to that in REM and 51% had saturation nadirs in NREM that were equal to or worse than their nadirs in REM. This suggests SDB is not a REM-predominant phenomenon for most patients. Of 1338 postoperative deaths occurring over 6.5 years in one hospital only 37 were unexpected, most of which were one or two days after surgery with no circadian variation in the time of death, casting further doubt on the potential role of REM rebound. Five of nine subjects studied preoperatively had moderately severe SDB. Unrecognised and significant SDB is common in middle-aged and elderly patients presenting for surgery suggesting overall perioperative risk of important adverse events from SDB is probably small. In 17 postoperative patients, sleep macro-architecture was variably altered with decreases in REM and slow wave sleep while stage 1 sleep and a state of pre-sleep onset drowsiness, both associated with marked ventilatory instability, were increased. Sleep micro-architecture was also changed with an increase in power in the alpha-beta electroencephalogram range. These micro-architectural changes result in ambiguity in the staging of postoperative sleep that may have affected the findings of this and other studies. Twenty-four subjects with airway management difficulty under anaesthesia were all found to have some degree of SDB. Those with the most obstruction-prone airways while anaesthetised had a very high incidence of severe SDB. Such patients warrant referral to a sleep clinic.
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Loadsman, John Anthony. "Perioperative Sleep and Breathing." University of Sydney. College of Health Sciences, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/689.
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Sleep disruption has been implicated in morbidity after major surgery since 1974. Sleep-related upper airway obstruction has been associated with death after upper airway surgery and profound episodic hypoxaemia in the early postoperative period. There is also evidence for a rebound in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep that might be contributing to an increase in episodic sleep-related hypoxaemic events later in the first postoperative week. Speculation regarding the role of REM sleep rebound in the generation of late postoperative morbidity and mortality has evolved into dogma without any direct evidence to support it. The research presented in this thesis involved two main areas: a search for evidence of a clinically important contribution of REM sleep rebound to postoperative morbidity, and a re-examination of the role of sleep in the causation of postoperative episodic hypoxaemic events. To assess the latter, a relationship between airway obstruction under anaesthesia and the severity of sleep-disordered breathing was sought. In 148 consecutive sleep clinic patients, 49% of those with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) had a number of events in non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) that was greater than or equal to that in REM and 51% had saturation nadirs in NREM that were equal to or worse than their nadirs in REM. This suggests SDB is not a REM-predominant phenomenon for most patients. Of 1338 postoperative deaths occurring over 6.5 years in one hospital only 37 were unexpected, most of which were one or two days after surgery with no circadian variation in the time of death, casting further doubt on the potential role of REM rebound. Five of nine subjects studied preoperatively had moderately severe SDB. Unrecognised and significant SDB is common in middle-aged and elderly patients presenting for surgery suggesting overall perioperative risk of important adverse events from SDB is probably small. In 17 postoperative patients, sleep macro-architecture was variably altered with decreases in REM and slow wave sleep while stage 1 sleep and a state of pre-sleep onset drowsiness, both associated with marked ventilatory instability, were increased. Sleep micro-architecture was also changed with an increase in power in the alpha-beta electroencephalogram range. These micro-architectural changes result in ambiguity in the staging of postoperative sleep that may have affected the findings of this and other studies. Twenty-four subjects with airway management difficulty under anaesthesia were all found to have some degree of SDB. Those with the most obstruction-prone airways while anaesthetised had a very high incidence of severe SDB. Such patients warrant referral to a sleep clinic.
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Iwarsson, Jenny. "Breathing and phonation : effects of lung volume and breathing behaviour on voice function /." Stockholm, 2001. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2001/91-628-4522-5.
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Bohnenkamp, Todd Allen. "Speech breathing in tracheoesophageal speakers." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3232563.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Speech and Hearing Sciences, 2006."Title from dissertation home page (viewed July 11, 2007)." Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-08, Section: B, page: 4385. Adviser: Karen Forrest.
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Österlund, Modalen Åsa. "Opioids and regulation of breathing /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7140-123-7/.
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Almubarak, Adel Ibrahim. "Resistance in anaesthetic breathing systems." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405685.
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Altman, Mary Ellen 1962. "SPEECH BREATHING KINEMATICS IN WOMEN." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277081.
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Tickle, Peter George. "Breathing and locomotion in birds." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/breathing-and-locomotion-in-birds(1fcd3865-bc57-492d-9123-443815907bfc).html.
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Birds are a diverse group of vertebrates, with over 10,000 extant species. Diversification into volant, aquatic and terrestrial environmental niches has precipitated a remarkable morphological diversity between species. Birds have a unique respiratory system consisting of a rigid lung connected to an air sac system. Air is pumped into the respiratory system via movements of the ribcage and sternum. Previous research identified the uncinate processes, ossified projections extending from the vertebral ribs, as critical respiratory and locomotor structures. Uncinate processes facilitate inspiration and expiration through associated muscles that displace the ribs and therefore sternum. External intercostal muscles project from the processes and function during locomotion to stabilise body roll. Therefore uncinate processes provide a link between breathing and locomotion in birds. The objective of my PhD is to extend beyond this basic research on uncinate processes to investigate how diversity in avian body morphology relates to the fundamental functions of breathing and locomotion.While the function of uncinate processes in respiration has been identified, the mechanism whereby ventilatory movements are elicited is not known. Therefore I present a model that demonstrates how respiratory movements of the skeleton are facilitated by the lever action of uncinate processes. Furthermore, variation in process and sternal morphology is driven by adaptation to different forms of locomotion. Therefore fundamental differences in breathing mechanics may be associated with specialisation to locomotor behaviour. Detailed developmental studies of the uncinate processes in birds are almost nonexistent. I provide the first detailed description of developmental changes in the uncinate processes in the turkey. Ossification of the uncinate processes begins around the time of hatch. However, the base is cartilaginous upon hatching and so the lever action of the processes may be compromised in the chick. I provide further evidence for a functional link between process length and respiratory physiology, since elongated processes support an elevated resting metabolic rate in birds. This link was further explored in physiological experiments where the energetic cost of walking in the barnacle goose was manipulated by load carrying. Carrying extra mass on the sternum is more energetically costly than an equivalent back load indicating that the cost of breathing increased. A directly proportional relationship exists between increasing mass of back load and metabolic rate, while sternal loads were approximately twice as expensive to carry during locomotion. Leg loads incurred the greatest increase in metabolism. Finally, I demonstrate how uncinate processes functioned as respiratory structures in basal avian species and a theropod ancestor of modern birds. Development of the uncinate processes may have been an important step in the evolution of the avian lung - air sac system.The principal findings of the five first author research articles presented in this PhD thesis shed important new light on the ventilatory mechanics in birds and highlight interactions between breathing and locomotion. Diversity in avian body morphology driven by adaptation to various locomotor behaviours has resulted in modification of the respiratory system.
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Solomon, Nancy Pearl. "Speech breathing in Parkinson disease." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185597.
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Speech breathing was investigated in 14 men with Parkinson disease (PD) and 14 healthy control (HC) subjects. Kinematic, spirometric, acoustic, and pressure data were used to assess speech breathing control during resting tidal breathing, reading aloud, and monologue production. In addition, information regarding the subjects' speech was obtained through perceptual analyses. To address the issue of fluctuations in motor signs data were collected at two times during the drug cycle for subjects with Parkinson disease. During resting tidal breathing, PD subjects, on average, had a faster breathing rate, greater minute ventilation, and lower relative contribution of the rib cage to lung volume excursion than did the HC subjects. During speech breathing, rib cage volume was smaller and abdominal volume was larger at initiation of the breath groups for the PD subjects than the HC subjects. PD subjects produced fewer words and spent less time producing speech per breath group, and tended to have a faster interpause speech rate than did the HC subjects. There was no difference between groups for the duration of inspirations between speech breath groups. Oral pressure was lower for the subjects with Parkinson disease, but tracheal pressure did not differ between the two subject groups. Few differences were found between the two times in the drug cycle for resting breathing and speech breathing. One remarkable finding was the presence of rib cage paradoxing in two subjects when data were collected from the mid-portion of the drug cycle.
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Johnson, Pamela Lesley. "Sleep and Breathing at High Altitude." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3531.
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Doctor of Philosphy (PhD)This thesis describes the work carried out during four treks, each over 10-11 days, from 1400m to 5000m in the Nepal Himalaya and further work performed during several two-night sojourns at the Barcroft Laboratory at 3800m on White Mountain in California, USA. Nineteen volunteers were studied during the treks in Nepal and seven volunteers were studied at White Mountain. All subjects were normal, healthy individuals who had not travelled to altitudes higher than 1000m in the previous twelve months. The aims of this research were to examine the effects on sleep, and the ventilatory patterns during sleep, of incremental increases in altitude by employing portable polysomnography to measure and record physiological signals. A further aim of this research was to examine the relationship between the ventilatory responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia, measured at sea level, and the development of periodic breathing during sleep at high altitude. In the final part of this thesis the possibility of preventing and treating Acute Mountain Sickness with non-invasive positive pressure ventilation while sleeping at high altitude was tested. Chapter 1 describes the background information on sleep, and breathing during sleep, at high altitudes. Most of these studies were performed in hypobaric chambers to simulate various high altitudes. One study measured sleep at high altitude after trekking, but there are no studies which systematically measure sleep and breathing throughout the whole trek. Breathing during sleep at high altitude and the physiological elements of the control of breathing (under normal/sea level conditions and under the hypobaric, hypoxic conditions present at high altitude) are described in this Chapter. The occurrence of Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) in subjects who travel form near sea level to altitudes above 3000m is common but its pathophysiology not well understood. The background research into AMS and its treatment and prevention are also covered in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 describes the equipment and methods used in this research, including the polysomnographic equipment used to record sleep and breathing at sea level and the high altitude locations, the portable blood gas analyser used in Nepal and the equipment and methodology used to measure each individual’s ventilatory response to hypoxia and hypercapnia at sea level before ascent to the high altitude locations. Chapter 3 reports the findings on the changes to sleep at high altitude, with particular focus on changes in the amounts of total sleep, the duration of each sleep stage and its percentage of total sleep, and the number and causes of arousals from sleep that occurred during sleep at increasing altitudes. The lightest stage of sleep, Stage 1 non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, was increased, as expected with increases in altitude, while the deeper stages of sleep (Stages 3 and 4 NREM sleep, also called slow wave sleep), were decreased. The increase in Stage 1 NREM in this research is in agreement with all previous findings. However, slow wave sleep, although decreased, was present in most of our subjects at all altitudes in Nepal; this finding is in contrast to most previous work, which has found a very marked reduction, even absence, of slow wave sleep at high altitude. Surprisingly, unlike experimental animal studies of chronic hypoxia, REM sleep was well maintained at all altitudes. Stage 2 NREM and REM sleep, total sleep time, sleep efficiency and spontaneous arousals were maintained at near sea level values. The total arousal index was increased with increasing altitude and this was due to the increasing severity of periodic breathing as altitude increased. An interesting finding of this research was that fewer than half the periodic breathing apneas and hypopneas resulted in arousal from sleep. There was a minor degree of upper airway obstruction in some subjects at sea level but this was almost resolved by 3500m. Chapter 4 reports the findings on the effects on breathing during sleep of the progressive increase of altitude, in particular the occurrence of periodic breathing. This Chapter also reports the results of changes to arterial blood gases as subjects ascended to higher altitudes. As expected, arterial blood gases were markedly altered at even the lowest altitude in Nepal (1400m) and this change became more pronounced at each new, higher altitude. Most subjects developed periodic breathing at high altitude but there was a wide variability between subjects as well as variability in the degree of periodic breathing that individual subjects developed at different altitudes. Some subjects developed periodic breathing at even the lowest altitude and this increased with increasing altitude; other subjects developed periodic breathing at one or two altitudes, while four subjects did not develop periodic breathing at any altitude. Ventilatory responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia, measured at sea level before departure to high altitude, was not significantly related to the development of periodic breathing when the group was analysed as a whole. However, when the subjects were grouped according to the steepness of their ventilatory response slopes, there was a pattern of higher amounts of periodic breathing in subjects with steeper ventilatory responses. Chapter 5 reports the findings of an experimental study carried out in the University of California, San Diego, Barcroft Laboratory on White Mountain in California. Seven subjects drove from sea level to 3800m in one day and stayed at this altitude for two nights. On one of the nights the subjects slept using a non-invasive positive pressure device via a face mask and this was found to significantly improve the sleeping oxyhemoglobin saturation. The use of the device was also found to eliminate the symptoms of Acute Mountain Sickness, as measured by the Lake Louise scoring system. This finding appears to confirm the hypothesis that lower oxygen saturation, particularly during sleep, is strongly correlated to the development of Acute Mountain Sickness and may represent a new treatment and prevention strategy for this very common high altitude disorder.
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Ng, Kwok-keung Daniel. "Sleep related breathing disorders in children /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36223724.
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Seifert, Erin. "Circadian patterns of breathing and thermoregulation." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37657.
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Circadian rhythms, ∼24-h oscillations in physiological variables, are pervasive throughout nature. Synchronization of these oscillations to the 24-h day enables organisms to take advantage of environmental cycles. In mammals, a circadian pacemaker located in the hypothalamus coordinates the overt rhythms.The present study investigates aspects of the 24-h organization of breathing, and its chemical control, and of thermoregulation in mammals. Pulmonary ventilation (V˙E), oxygen consumption ( V&d2;O2 ), body temperature (Tb), and locomotor activity were monitored by non-invasive means, in freely-moving male adult rats. Rats are nocturnal, and it is well known that their Tb, activity and metabolic rate are highest during the dark hours of the day.
Hypoxia inhibits thermogenesis, and the Tb and V&d2;O2 circadian patterns are contributed to by changes in thermogenesis, implying that hypoxia blunts the daily oscillations of these variables. Indeed, the amplitude of both oscillations was smaller, due to a decrease in the dark phase values. Evidence supports an action of hypoxia on the hypothalamic thermoregulatory mechanisms, rather than on the clock itself.
Metabolism is well known to be a major determinant of V˙E, and of the V˙E response to changes in inspired gases. Using a custom-designed system to monitor breathing continuously, during air breathing, V˙ E was found to oscillate, with higher values during the dark compared to the light hours of the day; these changes were almost in proportion to those of V&d2;O2 , and did not depend on those of activity.
The depressant effect of hypoxia on the high values of the V&d2;O2 oscillation predict that the hypoxic V˙E response would be blunted at this time. Indeed, the response was lower during the dark compared to the light hours; however, the daily changes in the V˙E response were in proportion to those of V&d2;O2 , such that the hyperventilatory response (% increase in V˙ E/ V&d2;O2 ) was similar throughout the day. The V˙E/ V&d2;O2 response was also similar throughout the day in hypercapnia, even though the metabolic response to hypercapnia differed from that in hypoxia.
Globally taken, these results indicate that (1) breathing and its control mechanisms accompany the daily oscillations of many physiological variables, and (2) the advantages of a biological clock do not compromise the adequacy of the hyperventilatory responses to chemical challenges.
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Pearson, S. B. "Studies on the control of breathing." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235877.
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Macfarlane, D. J. "Some factors affecting breathing in man." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370284.
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Ng, Kwok-keung Daniel, and 吳國強. "Sleep related breathing disorders in children." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45007688.
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Binks, Andrew Paul. "Breathlessness and the pattern of breathing." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263019.
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Eaton, Elizabeth Jane. "Paradoxical breathing and arousal from sleep." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320131.
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Johansson, Henrik. "Exercise induced breathing problems in adolescents." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fysioterapi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-264370.
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Experiencing respiratory symptoms in conjunction with exercise is common in children and adolescents and can have a negative impact on daily life. The aim of the thesis was to estimate the prevalence of exercise-induced dyspnoea, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (E-ILO) in a general adolescent population, and to explore factors associated with EIB. Methods: All 12-13-year-old adolescents in the city of Uppsala (n=3,838) participated in a survey on exercise-induced dyspnoea. A subsample of adolescents who answered the survey, 103 randomly selected adolescents reporting exercise-induced dyspnoea and 47 random adolescents who did not report exercise-induced dyspnoea underwent standardised treadmill exercise tests for EIB and E-ILO. The exercise test for EIB was performed while breathing dry air; a positive test was defined as a decrease ≥10% in FEV1 from baseline. E-ILO was investigated using continuous laryngoscopy during exercise. Health related quality of life (HRQoL), and objectively measured daily physical activity were investigated in those with (n=49) and without (n=91) a positive EIB-test. Results: The prevalence of exercise-induced dyspnoea was 14%, and the estimated prevalence of EIB and E-ILO in the total population was 19.2% and of 5.7%, respectively, with no gender differences. In adolescents with exercise-induced dyspnoea 40% had EIB, 6% had E-ILO, and 5% had both conditions. An increased baseline level of fraction of nitric oxide in exhaled air (FeNO), female gender, and exercise-induced dyspnoea were associated with a positive EIB test. Female adolescents with EIB had lower HRQoL and lower baseline lung function compared to females without EIB. These differences were not observed in male adolescents. There was no difference in time spent in moderate- to vigorous daily physical activity between adolescents with and without EIB.
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Hagman, Carina. "Dysfunctional breathing : Clinical characteristics and treatment." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fysioterapi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295667.
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Background: Dysfunctional breathing (DB) is a respiratory disorder involving an upper chest breathing pattern and respiratory symptoms that cannot be attributed to a medical diagnosis. Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to describe patients with DB and investigate clinical outcomes after physiotherapy treatment. Methods: Study I was descriptive and comparative, that included 25 patients with DB and 25 age- and sex-matched patients with asthma. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL), anxiety, depression, sense of coherence, influence on daily life due to breathing problems, respiratory symptoms, emergency room visits and asthma medication were investigated. Study II, a 5-year follow-up study based on the same sample as study I (22 patients with DB, 23 patients with asthma), studied treatment outcomes after information and breathing retraining. Study III was descriptive and correlational (20 healthy subjects), investigating whether the Respiratory Movement Measuring Instrument (RMMI) can discriminate between different breathing patterns in varying body positions. Study III also studied correlations between respiratory movements and breathing volumes (12 healthy subjects). Study IV was a single-subject AB design with follow-ups. Self-registered patient-specific respiratory symptoms and respiratory-related activity limitations and breathing pattern (measured with the RMMI) were evaluated after an intervention consisting of information and breathing retraining in five patients with DB. Results: Patients with DB had lower HRQoL (SF-36): vitality (mean 47 vs. 62), social functioning (70 vs. 94) and role emotional (64 vs. 94) (p<0.05) than patients with asthma. The DB group had a higher prevalence of anxiety (56% vs. 24%) and experienced more breathing problems than the asthma group. Patients with DB had made several emergency room visits and had been treated with asthma medication. At the 5-year follow-up, patients with DB showed improved HRQoL (SF-36): physical function 77 to 87 (p=0.04), decreased breathing problems and emergency room visits, and they were not treated with asthma medication. The RMMI can differentiate between different breathing patterns in different body positions. Strong correlations between respiratory movements and breathing volumes were observed (rs 0.86-1.00). The results in study IV indicate that patients with DB benefit from information and breathing retraining regarding decreased respiratory symptoms and activity limitations and improved breathing pattern.
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Larsson, Pernilla. "Breathing life into Webcomics : Pay Attention." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15481.
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This work explored the potential issues concerning attention when adding animation to a webcomic. The aim of the research has been to quantify reader reactions to a comic with animated elements to investigate potential gain or loss from the new format. The research question is formulated with regards to the specific issues of attention and distraction that movement poses on a reader’s ability to focus on the narrative content. A prototype comic tested the guidelines discovered in the background with regards to how animation should work in comics. The results shows that with the guidelines participation reaction becomes more predictable. The prototype was tested on a small group of participants, and the results show that while animations do distract they do not necessarily negatively impact reader experience. The conclusion is that animation within comics has the potential to further the media expression and that is worthy of further study.
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Nirav, Daphtary. "Lung Impedance Measurements Using Tracked Breathing." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2010. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/162.
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The forced Oscillation Technique (FOT) can be used to measure lung impedance continuously during breathing. However, spectral overlap between the breathing waveform and the applied flow oscillation can be problematic if the frequency content of spontaneous breathing is unknown. This problem motivated us to develop a modification to the FOT system called the Tracked Breathing Trainer. The modification uses biofeedback to constrain subjects to breathe at a single predetermined frequency. This thesis investigates the engineering and physiological aspects of the modification we made. We studied 8 adult non-asthmatic and 8 adult asthmatic subjects. Three 16 s perturbatory flow oscillation signals ranging from 1-40 Hz were used on the subjects. Each subject received three trials per perturbation for both spontaneous and tracked breathing. We then fitted a resistance-elastance-inertance model of the lung to each data set. For non-asthmatic subjects, the average resistance (R) and elastance (E) values for the first spontaneous breathing trial were 2.5±0.15 cmH2O.s.ml-1 and 18.1±3.55 cmH2O.ml-1, and for the third spontaneous breathing trial were 2.4±0.12 cmH2O.s.ml-1 and 21.8±4 cmH2O.ml-1. R and E for the first tracked breathing trial were 2.3±0.21 cmH2O.s.ml-1 and 33.6±7.4 cmH2O.ml-1, and for the third tracked breathing trial were 2.4±0.14 cmH2O.s.ml-1 and 25.75±4.3 cmH2O.ml-1, respectively. For asthmatic subjects, the average R and E values for the first spontaneous breathing trial were 3.32±0.68 cmH2O.s.ml-1 and 39.13±9.8 cmH2O.ml-1, and for the third spontaneous breathing trial were 3.12±0.15 cmH2O.s.ml-1 and 39.91±6.2 cmH2O.ml-1. R and E for the first tracked breathing trial were 2.86±0.15 cmH2O.s.ml-1 and 32.47±4.1 cmH2O.ml-1, and for the third tracked breathing trial were 2.86±0.21 cmH2O.s.ml-1 and 33.89±10 cmH2O.ml-1, respectively. These results show that R was consistently lower during tracked breathing than spontaneous breathing in both non-asthmatic and asthmatic subjects. However, an increase in E was observed during tracked breathing. We suspect this effect may have resulted from dynamic hyperinflation. These results also show that R and E are reproducible with both spontaneous and tracked breathing, and that R and E were not noticeably different between both breathing maneuvers. We conclude that using biofeedback to control the breathing pattern during application of the FOT in normal subjects does not significantly affect impedance measurements, and thus may be useful for avoiding spectral overlap between FOT perturbations and the breathing pattern.
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Aguilar, Nancy Maria. "Comparative physiology of air-breathing gobies /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3035402.
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Chien, Jimmy Kin Yuen. "The Role of Surface Tension of Upper Airway Lining Liquid and Breathing Route in Sleep Disordered Breathing." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15339.
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This thesis examines the relationship between surface tension in the upper airway liquid, breathing route, and sleep disordered breathing. Upper airway surface tension values were examined in both healthy subjects and in those with obstructive sleep apnoea. To determine whether the enforced oral breathing route induced sleep disordered breathing via surface tension mediated mechanisms, healthy subjects were given exogenous surfactant with enforced oral route of breathing during sleep. The relationship between uncontrolled route of breathing and surface tension was then examined in subjects with severe obstructive sleep apnoea. Finally, exogenous surfactant and normal saline were administered to subjects to determine the presence of any therapeutic effect on obstructive sleep apnoea. The studies in this thesis i) described a range of surface tensions in healthy subjects, and in those with OSA, ii) investigated the role of breathing route on upper airway surface tension and OSA severity, and iii) investigated the role of exogenous surfactant as a therapeutic agent in both oral breathing induced sleep disordered breathing (in healthy subjects) and in subjects with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnoea.
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Abkowitz, David. "Designing to increase user acceptance of respiratory protection /." Online version of thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11298.
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Karanjikar, Mukund R. Tatarchuk Bruce J. "Low temperature oxidation of carbon monoxide using microfibrous entrapped catalysts for fire escape mask application." Auburn, Ala., 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1276.
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Culp, Kevin W. "Determining organic vapor cartridge breakthrough characteristics of JP-8 during aircraft fuel tank entry operations." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1528.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2000.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 157 p. : ill. (some col.) Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 84-86).
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Lo, Wai. "Breath by breath analysis of breathing pattern in health and disease : a potential outcome measure for breathing retraining?" Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/351928/.
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Analysis of breathing pattern can quantify parameters of breathing such as rate, volume, timing and regularity/rhythmicity. This information can be useful to compare breathing patterns in those healthy and with disease, under different experiment conditions (such as rest versus activity) and to monitor changes over time. In this research, respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP) was used to record breathing patterns in a group of healthy subjects and a group of severe asthma patients. RIP is a leading technology for ambulatory monitoring of breathing, but traditional RIP devices suffered from poor signal quality under such conditions due to movement of the sensor. Several authors have also raised doubts about the existing calibration methods for RIP which can lead to inaccurate estimation of breathing parameters. During the first phase of the programme, an instrumented garment (LifeShirt®) which had RIP embedded within was tested for its validity in comparison to a pneumotachograph (PT). The first study sought to validate the measurements obtained from the LifeShirt ®against PT when calibrated with a published but yet to be tested method for breath by breath analysis and to address the limitations of existing calibration methods. Eleven healthy individuals took part in this first study. Breathing patterns were simultaneously monitored by the LifeShirt ® and the PT during thirty minutes of rest and twenty minutes of exercise. Parameters of tidal volume, expiration time and tidal volume variability were recorded and compared between devices. The analysis from the first study demonstrated that RIP recorded proportionate changes of tidal volume and expiration duration relative to PT during quiet breathing and exercise. Mean tidal volume and expiration duration between devices was strongly correlated for rest and exercise. No statistical difference in tidal volume variability was observed between devices during either period. Significant differences in expiration duration between devices were observed in all participants at rest but not during exercise. Results of this first study demonstrated that valid breath by breath analysis using RIP without PT was feasible. This is clinically advantageous due to simplicity of set-up for RIP. In the second phase, measurement of breathing patterns was made in severe asthma patients with the LifeShirt® alone during thirty minutes of rest. It intended to add new knowledge with regards to the breathing patterns within this small population as compared to the healthy population. Ten healthy individuals and ten patients diagnosed with severe asthma took part in the second study. Breathing parameters of tidal volume, inspiration time, expiration time, end tidal carbon dioxide levels, tidal volume variability and end tidal carbon dioxide levels variability were recorded by the LifeShirt®. The analysis of the second phase shown no evidence that breathing pattern parameters could differentiate between the severe asthma patients and healthy volunteers in our small study. The symptoms of hyperventilation found more commonly in the severe asthma group were not associated with differences in breathing pattern parameters. However, considerable differences were found between individuals. This suggests the existence of individuality in breathing patterns between individuals. Such findings raised doubts as to whether there is a group ‘pattern’ that is common within the severe asthma population or within the healthy population. This programme calls for a change in paradigm to consider breathing patterns as an unique individual ‘trait’ rather than as a group characteristic.
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Davies, Robert J. O. "Sleep disordered breathing and the cardiovascular system." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404009.
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Smith, Lindsay Anne. "Sleep-disordered breathing and chronic heart failure." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29371.
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Methods: Patients with stable symptomatic chronic heart failure were screened for sleep-disordered breathing by home sleep study. Daytime sleepiness was assessed by Epworth Sleepiness Scale and heart failure severity by symptom class, left ventricular ejection fraction and serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide concentrations. In a subset of patients, synchronous in-laboratory limited sleep studies and polysomonography, and home limited sleep studies, were performed prospectively. Patients with obstructive sleep apnoea and stable symptomatic chronic heart failure were randomised to nocturnal auto-titrating continuous positive airway pressure or sham for six weeks each in crossover design. Results: In the era of modern therapy, sleep-disordered breathing is common in patients with stable symptomatic chronic heart failure, predominantly obstructive in aetiology, without clear relationship to heart failure severity and is difficult to diagnose because of major overlap in symptomatology. Limited sleep studies compare well diagnostically to polysomnography when tested under identical patient and environmental conditions but less so when tested in the home setting. Auto-titrating continuous positive airway pressure improves daytime sleepiness is patients with obstructive sleep apnoea and chronic heart failure but not other subjective or objective measures of heart failure severity. Conclusions: Sleep-disordered breathing is difficult to detect clinically in patients with chronic heart failure, and as such, the diagnosis is reliant on accurate sleep studies. However, the clinical utility of limited sleep studies in detection and diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing is restricted by a number of technical and situational factors which are exacerbated in patients with chronic heart failure. The potential therapeutic benefits of continuous positive airway pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea and chronic heart failure are achieved by alleviation of obstructive sleep apnoea rather than by improvement in cardiac function.
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Spahija, Jadranka. "Pursed-lips breathing in health and disease." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0016/NQ44595.pdf.
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Rieger-Fackeldey, Esther. "Regulation of Breathing under Different Pulmonary Conditions." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4671.
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Wang, Zuojun. "Automatic cycle identification in tidal breathing signals." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/3756.
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In this paper, we introduce a novel cycle identification algorithm using Matlab programming to automatically identify cycles in tidal breathing signals. The algorithm is designed in four steps using filtering, derivation, and other signal processing techniques. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, its results are compared with those of cycles identified manually by a human coder. Simulations results show that despite the complexity of the respiratory signals, the proposed algorithm can identify cycles more correctly and more efficiently than cycles identified by hand-coding. This algorithm can serve as an important first step toward timely identification and coding of more complex respiratory signals, such as those underlying speech productions.Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
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George, R. J. D. "High frequency ventilation in conscious, breathing subjects." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599355.
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Craft, Aimee. "Breathing Life Into the Stone Fort Treaty." Thesis, Purich Publishing, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4528.
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This dissertation will demonstrate that, by considering Treaty One (1871) from the perspective of the Anishinabe, especially Anishinabe laws or Anishinabe inaakonigwein and normative expectations, one can obtain a better understanding of why there is a discrepancy in interpretations of the treaty.
The research draws on practices of treaty making prior to Treaty One and shows that the parties relied extensively on Anishinabe protocols and procedural laws in the context of the Treaty One negotiations. In addition, kinship relationships, the obligations derived from them, and a sense of the sacred obligations involved in treaty-making, informed the agreement that was made between the parties. In particular, the kinship between a mother and child was invoked by the parties; the Crown negotiators relying on it primarily to secure good terms with the Anishinabe and the Anishinabe advocating for a commitment to ensuring a good life while respecting and preserving their autonomy.
The exploration of the historical records of the negotiations and the oral history surrounding the treaty help draw out the differing and sometimes competing understandings of the treaty, many of which continue to this day, and in particular in relation to the effect of the treaty agreement on legal relationships to land. They help illuminate questions regarding the interpretation of the Treaty, including what would be necessary in order to implement it in accordance with its signatories’ understandings.Graduate
0398, 0740
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Smith, Philip E. M. "Breathing during sleep in Duchenne muscular dystrophy." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235539.
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HOIT, JEANNETTE DEE. "AGE AND SPEECH BREATHING (KINEMATICS, PHYSIOLOGY, RESPIRATORY)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183956.
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The present investigation was designed to elucidate the potential influence of age on speech breathing. Toward this end, 30 men representing three widely different age groups (25, 50, and 75 years) were studied. These individuals were carefully selected to meet stringent criteria, the most important of which related to health and physical characteristics. Speech breathing was studied via anteroposterior diameter changes of the rib cage and abdomen. Recordings were made during extemporaneous speaking and reading and during the performance of various chest wall maneuvers used in the measurement of the speech breathing data. In addition to speech breathing, selected measures of general respiratory function were obtained. These included measures of subdivisions of the lung volume and measures of resting tidal breathing. Results indicated that these 30 subjects were representative of other subjects studied with respect to measures of general respiratory function. Subdivisions of the lung volume were found to differ with age in the manner predicted by previous investigations. Age-related differences were most marked for measures of vital capacity and residual volume. By contrast, there were no age-related differences for measures of resting tidal breathing. Several speech breathing measures were found to differ with age. Age-related differences were usually between the 25- and 75-year-old subject groups and less commonly between the 25- and 50-year-old subject groups. For extemporaneous speaking, differences were found for lung volume excursion, rib cage volume initiation (referenced to the rib cage volume associated with the relaxed configuration of the chest wall), number of syllables per breath group, and lung volume expended per syllable (in percent vital capacity). For reading, differences were found for lung volume expended per syllable (in percent vital capacity). Age-related similarities and differences in general respiratory function and speech breathing are discussed in relation to possible underlying mechanisms. In addition, implications are drawn regarding evaluation and management of individuals with speech breathing disorders.
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Górska, Magdalena. "Breathing Matters : Feminist Intersectional Politics of Vulnerability." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Genus, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-128607.
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Breathing is not a common subject in feminist studies. Breathing Matters introduces this phenomenon as a forceful potentiality for feminist intersectional theories, politics, and social and environmental justice. By analyzing the material and discursive as well as the natural and cultural enactments of breath in black lung disease, phone sex work, and anxieties and panic attacks, Breathing Matters proposes a nonuniversalizing and politicized understanding of embodiment. In this approach, human bodies are onceptualized as agential actors of intersectional politics. Magdalena Górska argues that struggles for breath and for breathable lives are matters of differential forms of political practices in which vulnerable and quotidian corpomaterial and corpo-affective actions are constitutive of politics. Set in the context of feminist poststructuralist and new materialist and postconstructionist debates, Breathing Matters offers a discussion of human embodiment and agency reconfigured in a posthumanist manner. Its interdisciplinary analytical practice demonstrates that breathing is a phenomenon that is important to study from scientific, medical, political, environmental and social perspectives.Andning är inte ett vanligt förekommande ämne inom feministiska studier. Breathing Matters introducerar detta fenomen som har en potential för feministiska intersektionella teorier, politik, social rättvisa och klimaträttvisa. Genom analyser av materiella, diskursiva, naturliga och kulturella dimensioner av andningens formationer, i sjukdomen pneumokonios, telefonsexarbete samt ångest och panikattacker, föreslår Breathing Matters en icke-universialiserande och politiserad förståelse av förkroppsligande. Genom denna ansats konceptualiseras mänskliga kroppar som agentiella aktörer i en intersektionell politik. Magdalena Górska argumenterar att kampen för att andas och för andningsbara liv är ett angeläget ämne för differentiella former av politisk praktik. Denna sårbara och vardagliga praktik som både består av kroppsmateriella och kroppsaffektiva handlingar konstituerar politik. Placerad i en kontext av feminist poststrukturalistisk, nymaterialistisk och postkonstruktivistisk debatt erbjuder Breathing Matters en diskussion kring mänskligt förkroppsligande och agentskap som är omkonfigurerad på ett posthumanistiskt sätt. Den tvärvetenskapliga analytiska praktiken visar att andning är ett fenomen som är viktigt att studera från vetenskapliga, medicinska, politiska, miljömässiga och sociala perspektiv.
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Powell, Tom. "Work of breathing in exercise and disease." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2010. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/work-of-breathing-in-exercise-and-disease(51104f52-5c03-4a4a-8c0a-f951fdf6388e).html.
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This thesis is focussed on developing new methods and outcomes to assess respiratory function that require little or no volitional effort on behalf of the participants being tested. Specifically to attempt to detach the behaviour of the patient from the accuracy of the test of respiratory function, resulting in techniques that are simpler and easier to administer and undertake for both assessor and participant. It aims to develop methods that reduce the involvement of the participant during assessment of respiratory function. The human body’s way of controlling respiration has evolved into a sophisticated system that optimises breathing pattern to maintain the most efficient homeostatic action of the respiratory system. Eliciting and assessing this automatic response is the key to removing the action of participation from respiratory functiontesting. The focus must therefore be on developing non-invasive, sub-maximal techniques that allow participants to enter into a steady state of respiration and how this can be assessed. Two techniques were investigated; Respiratory Endurance (as the inspiratory work of breathing) and Tidal Breathing Flow Profile, and these were successfully applied in 99 adult participants (68 healthy controls and 31 COPD patients) and 75 children (48 clinical group and 27 healthy controls) who completed 467 respiratory endurance trials whilst seated and exercising, and 249 relaxed tidal breathing trials. The difficulties with lung function assessment are well established and have been described in this thesis. Much recent emphasis has been put on developing existing devices and protocols rather than developing new techniques and approaching these difficulties from alternative viewpoints. This thesis has described the development of innovative techniques to assess the function of the respiratory systems that aim to overcome the issues associated with maximal testing. It was shown that these techniques are easy to undertake for a range of participants, simple to analyse and are able to reliably differentiate between health and disease, suggesting that they could become a useful adjunct to existing methods of respiratory assessment.
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Abdelhamid, Ibrahim Younouss, and О. Г. Аврунін. "Aerodynamics Characteristics with Typical Nasal Breathing Disorders." Thesis, Кременчуцький авіаційний коледж, 2018. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/5492.
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An enlarged nasopharyngeal tonsil, curvature of the nasal septum and chronic rhinosinusitis and other disorders causing difficulty in nasal breathing, but the violation of breathing through the nose can be in the usual runny nose, and when foreign bodies get into the nasal passages. Objective information about the physiological processes occurring in the nasal airways allows us to select a suitable treatment strategy based on functional information.
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Balaji, Ravishankar. "Breathing Entrainment and Mechanical Ventilation in Rats." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1307743446.
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Davuluri, Pavani. "Prediction of Breathing Patterns Using Neural Networks." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/718.
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During the radio therapy treatment, it has been difficult to synchronize the radiation beam with the tumor position. Many compensation techniques have been used before. But all these techniques have some system latency, up to a few hundred milliseconds. Hence it is necessary to predict tumor position to compensate for the control system latency. In recent years, many attempts have been made to predict the position of a moving tumor during respiration. Analyzing external breathing signals presents a methodology in predicting the tumor position. Breathing patterns vary from very regular to irregular patterns. The irregular breathing patterns make prediction difficult. A solution is presented in this paper which utilizes neural networks as the predictive filter to determine the tumor position up to 500 milliseconds in the future. Two different neural network architectures, feedforward backpropagation network and recurrent network, are used for prediction. These networks are initialized in the same manner for the comparison of their prediction accuracies. The networks are able to predict well for all the 5 breathing cases used in the research and the results of both the networks are acceptable and comparable. Furthermore, the network parameters are optimized using a genetic algorithm to improve the performance. The optimization results obtained proved to improve the accuracy of the networks. The results of both the networks showed that the networks are good for prediction of different breathing behaviors.
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Kulkarni, Santosh. "Comparison of concentrations in the breathing zone." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2942.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 94 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-36).