Relevant bibliographies by topics / Breast reconstructions

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Breast reconstructions'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Breast reconstructions"

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Chen, C. M., C. Ahn, and J. Levine. "Perforator flap breast reconstruction in thin patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, no. 27_suppl (September 20, 2011): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.27_suppl.242.

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242 Background: Perforator flap breast reconstruction has strong appeal for many women seeking breast reconstruction, but the procedure requires adequate donor site tissue to produce realistic breasts. Thin women requesting perforator flaps are often advised that they lack sufficient donor site tissue for autologous tissue breast reconstruction, and that implants are their only option. We have expanded the reconstructive options for thin women who seek an alternative to implants with innovative new techniques. Methods: A retrospective review was done of 223 patients who underwent 293 consecutive perforator flap breast reconstructions from April 2007-May 2011. Preoperative imaging allowed visualization of the microvascular anatomy and subcutaneous tissue. Donor sites evaluated included the abdomen, medial thigh, buttocks, and back. Complications included flap loss, hematoma, seroma, takeback, and fat necrosis. No patients were turned away for perforator flap breast reconstruction due to insufficient donor site tissue. Results: Out of 293 perforator flap breast reconstructions, 45 perforator flap breast reconstructions (15.4%) were reported in 26 thin women with a BMI < 23 (mean BMI 20.7, range BMI 18.2-22.7). Out of 45 perforator flap breast reconstructions in thin women, donor sites included 35 hemi-abdominal flaps (77.8%), 4 medial thigh flaps (8.9%), 7 buttock flaps (15.6%), and 2 back flaps (4.4%). Of the 35 hemi-abdominal flaps, 8 hemi-abdominal flaps were combined to create 4 stacked DIEP flaps (22.9%) while the remaining 27 hemi-abdominal flaps were regular DIEP flaps (77.1%). There was one seroma (2.2%) and one takeback for postoperative pain (2.2%); there were no flap losses. Conclusions: Even in thin women, perforator flap breast reconstruction is a safe, reliable, and consistent technique for recreating new breasts. While implant-based breast reconstruction may be acceptable to many women, there is a growing subgroup of patients who prefer autologous tissue breast reconstruction. By challenging common conceptions about the amount of donor site tissue required, we have been able to expand reconstructive options in thin women by using perforator flaps to construct natural, aesthetic breasts.
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Kozak, Krzysztof, Rafal Wojcik, Maciej Czerwonka, Slawomir Mandziuk, and Barbara Madej-Czerwonka. "Oncoplastic breast surgery techniques - a new look at surgical treatment of breast cancer." Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences 31, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cipms-2018-0025.

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Abstract Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Polish women [1], thus, the problem of surgical treatment of breasts, especially with regard to conserving and/or reconstruction surgery, is extensively discussed. Currently, in Poland, efforts are made to increase the number of oncologic and reconstructive breast centers which offer specialized treatment of this cancer, the so-called ‘Breast Units’ [1]. This paper analyzes methods of reconstructions, discusses the techniques used in particular types of surgeries and additionally informs the reader of the oncological aspects of the procedures. Based on literature, statistical data of breast reconstructions from Poland and the world are presented. Moreover, complications and psychological aspects of mammary gland surgery are dealt with, and the aesthetic effects of breast reconstructions are discussed. To support of our findings, we also present selected clinical cases from the oncological and reconstructive point of view.
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Aboushi, Renee, W. Kurtis Childe, Christopher S. Hollenbeak, Harold Yang, and Brynn Wolff. "Reoperation and Postoperative Outcomes for Single-Stage versus Two-Stage Breast Reconstruction Following Mastectomy: A Meta-Analysis." Clinical Surgery Journal 1, no. 1 (December 30, 2018): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.46619/csj.2018.1-1002.

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Introduction Implant based breast reconstructions has become widely accepted as an appropriate reconstruction method following mastectomy for breast cancer. The two most common techniques include immediate reconstruction and implantation (single-stage procedure) or the use of a tissue expander with delayed insertion of implant and reconstruction (two-stage procedure). Using existing studies and available data, a meta-analysis was performed analyzing reoperation rates and postoperative complications between these two methods based upon available literature. Methods A literature search was performed by two individual investigators using the databases PubMed, Cochrane, and Medline. All articles comparing implant based single and two stage breast reconstructions outcomes between 2006 and 2016 were utilized. The primary endpoint of interest was reoperation rates. Secondary endpoints included postoperative complications such as infection, seroma, hematoma, and necrosis. Results A total of five studies met the inclusion criteria, for a total of 12,357 breast reconstructions. 2,281 breast reconstructions were singlestage and 10,076 were two-staged. The primary endpoint of reoperation was increased reoperation rate in the single-stage breast reconstruction (OR=0.78, CI 0.67-0.91; p<0.05). Secondary endpoints demonstrated no statistical significance in infections (OR 1.06, CI 0.84-1.34; p=0.40), hematoma (OR=1.66, CI 0.91-3.05; p=0.09) and necrosis (OR=1.13, CI 0.76-1.68; p=0.29). However, there was an increased incidence of seroma formation in two-stage reconstruction (OR=1.86, CI 1.05-3.28; p<0.005). Conclusions Single and two-staged implant breast reconstructions had similar infection, hematoma, and necrosis rates. Single-stage reconstructions resulted in a significant increase in reoperation/revision rates.
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Edwards, Kyle, Daniel Donato, Eric Tatro, Yizhe Xu, Angela Presson, Jayant Agarwal, and Alvin Kwok. "Operative Time and Flap Failure in Unilateral and Bilateral Free Flap Breast Reconstruction." Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery 34, no. 06 (February 16, 2018): 428–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1627445.

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Background There is an increasing trend toward bilateral breast reconstruction. Using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database, we sought to understand the association between unilateral and bilateral free flap breast reconstruction and operative time and flap failure. Methods We selected a cohort of patients undergoing free flap breast reconstruction using the 2005 to 2010 NSQIP database. Cases were divided into unilateral and bilateral reconstruction. Subgroup analyses were performed dividing cases into delayed and immediate reconstruction. The effect of patient characteristics including age, body mass index (BMI), history of diabetes, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists' classification on operative time and flap failure was examined using univariable and multivariable regression models. Rates and odds ratios (OR) were reported using the multivariable gamma and logistic regression models, respectively. Results There were 691 free flap breast reconstructions performed in the cohort and 29.1% were bilateral cases. There was a 78-minute increase in the median operative time when comparing unilateral and bilateral reconstruction (p = 0.005). Patients undergoing bilateral reconstructions were generally younger and had fewer comorbidities compared with unilateral reconstructions. There was no significant association between bilateral reconstruction and flap failure. Immediate bilateral reconstructions had a significant increase in median operative time compared with immediate unilateral reconstructions (563 versus 480 minutes, p = 0.002) but no significant increase in operative time was noted when comparing delayed unilateral and delayed bilateral reconstructions. Prolonged operative time was associated with flap failure after adjusting for age and BMI (OR 1.17, p < 0.001). Conclusions Bilateral free flap breast reconstruction can be performed safely despite an increase in operative time when compared with unilateral reconstruction.
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Wilkinson, Tolbert S. "IMPLANT-BASED BREAST RECONSTRUCTIONS VERSUS TRAM FLAP BREAST RECONSTRUCTION." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 114, no. 3 (September 2004): 820–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000136535.45017.c4.

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Song, Woo Jin, Sang Gue Kang, Eun Key Kim, Seung Yong Song, Joon Seok Lee, Jung Ho Lee, and Ung Sik Jin. "Current status of and trends in post-mastectomy breast reconstruction in Korea." Archives of Plastic Surgery 47, no. 2 (March 15, 2020): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5999/aps.2019.01676.

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Since April 2015, post-mastectomy breast reconstruction has been covered by the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). The frequency of these procedures has increased very rapidly. We analyzed data obtained from the Big Data Hub of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) and determined annual changes in the number of breast reconstruction procedures and related trends in Korea. We evaluated the numbers of mastectomy and breast reconstruction procedures performed between April 2015 and December 2018 using data from the HIRA Big Data Hub. We determined annual changes in the numbers of total, autologous, and implant breast reconstructions after NHIS coverage commenced. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The post-mastectomy breast reconstruction rate increased from 19.4% in 2015 to 53.4% in 2018. In 2015, implant reconstruction was performed in 1,366 cases and autologous reconstruction in 905 (60.1% and 39.8%, respectively); these figures increased to 3,703 and 1,570 (70.2% and 29.7%, respectively) in 2018. Free tissue transfer and deep inferior epigastric perforator flap creation were the most common autologous reconstruction procedures. For implant-based reconstructions, the rates of directto-implant and tissue-expander breast reconstructions (first stage) were similar in 2018. This study summarizes breast reconstruction trends in Korea after NHIS coverage was expanded in 2015. A significant increase over time in the post-mastectomy breast reconstruction rate was evident, with a trend toward implant-based reconstruction. Analysis of data from the HIRA Big Data Hub can be used to predict breast reconstruction trends and convey precise information to patients and physicians.
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Rusby, Jennifer E., Ruth A. Waters, Peter G. Nightingale, and David W. England. "Immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy: what are the long-term prospects?" Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 92, no. 3 (April 2010): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588410x12628812458770.

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INTRODUCTION Immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy has known psychological and financial advantages but it is difficult to compare the outcome of various methods of reconstruction. Re-operation rates are an objective measure of surgical intervention required to attain and maintain acceptable cosmesis. PATIENTS AND METHODS A series of 95 patients (110 immediate reconstructions) was analysed for number of re-operations required within 5 years of initial surgery, magnitude of procedures, ‘survival’ of the reconstruction and effect of radiotherapy. RESULTS Although more intervention was seen in patients with implant-based reconstruction and the time-course over which autologous and implant-based reconstructions fail is different these did not reach statistical significance. Radiotherapy has a significant effect on failure of implant-based reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS Long-term, large studies of immediate reconstruction are required to assess adequately the impact of type of reconstruction on re-operation rates. The National Mastectomy and Breast Reconstruction Audit is ideally placed to provide answers to remaining questions about longevity of immediate breast reconstruction and the effect that late failure has on patient satisfaction.
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Rose, Jessica F., Sarosh N. Zafar, and Warren A. Ellsworth IV. "Does Acellular Dermal Matrix Thickness Affect Complication Rate in Tissue Expander Based Breast Reconstruction?" Plastic Surgery International 2016 (April 12, 2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2867097.

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Background. While the benefits of using acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) in breast reconstruction are well described, their use has been associated with additional complications. The purpose of this study was to determine if ADM thickness affects complications in breast reconstruction. Methods. A retrospective chart review was performed including all tissue expander based breast reconstructions with AlloDerm (LifeCell, Branchburg, NJ) over 4 years. We evaluated preoperative characteristics and assessed postoperative complications including seroma, hematoma, infection, skin necrosis, and need for reintervention. We reviewed ADM thickness and time to Jackson-Pratt (JP) drain removal. Results. Fifty-five patients underwent 77 ADM-associated tissue expander based breast reconstructions, with average age of 48.1 years and average BMI of 25.9. Average ADM thickness was 1.21 mm. We found higher complication rates in the thick ADM group. Significant associations were found between smokers and skin necrosis (p<0.0001) and seroma and prolonged JP drainage (p=0.0004); radiated reconstructed breasts were more likely to suffer infections (p=0.0085), and elevated BMI is a significant predictor for increased infection rate (p=0.0037). Conclusion. We found a trend toward increased complication rates with thicker ADMs. In the future, larger prospective studies evaluating thickness may provide more information.
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Bartlett, Erica, Agnieszka Kołacińska, and Aldona J. Spiegel. "Flap-based breast reconstructions." Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology 66, no. 6 (June 12, 2017): 463–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5603/njo.2016.0083.

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Liu, Xingzi, and Jing Han. "Research progress on the safety of cell-assisted lipotransfer in breast repairs after breast conserving therapy." Advances in Modern Oncology Research 2, no. 2 (June 16, 2016): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/amor.v2.i2.74.

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<p>With the development of medical technology, more breast cancer patients have the opportunity of receiving breast conserving therapy. Post-operation breast reconstructions have gained more attention nowadays. As a new and important method of breast reconstruction after breast surgery, cell-assisted lipotransfer is being carried out in some clinical works. This paper briefly reviewed the current research progress of adipose-derived stem cell-assisted lipotransfer and the recurrence of breast cancers.</p>
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Breast reconstructions"

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Lewis, Reaby Linda, and n/a. "Post-mastectomy self-perceptions and breast restoration decision- making in women who wear external breast prostheses and women who have had breast reconstructions : implications for health professionals." University of Canberra. Applied Science, 1996. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061113.091439.

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Women diagnosed with breast cancer and who have the disease surgically treated by mastectomy experience a health crisis. This thesis focused on the behaviours, feelings and attitudes of women during their breast cancer and mastectomy experiences. The overall purpose was to identify therapeutic factors that can be used by health professionals to improve the psychological and physiological well-being of women with this disease. The conceptual scaffolding for the thesis was drawn from the fields of perceptual psychology and decision-making. The thesis was supported by a study that examined specific areas concerning the breast cancer and mastectomy experience. These areas were self-perceptions, the psychological milieu resulting from a breast cancer diagnosis, and post-mastectomy breast restoration decision-making. The population included: a prosthesis group of 64 women who had mastectomies and wore external breast prostheses, a reconstruction group of 31 women who had mastectomies and underwent breast reconstructions, a control A group of 75 women who had not experienced mastectomy, and a control B group of 65 women who also had not experienced mastectomy. Self-perceptions: The perceptions of the prosthesis, reconstruction and control A groups regarding their body-image, self-concept, total self-image, and self-esteem were compared by using Polivy's (1977) Body-Image Scale and Rosenberg's (1965) Self-Esteem Scale. The body-image, total self-image, and self-esteem mean scores indicated that the prosthesis and reconstruction groups had more positive feelings regarding their bodies than did the control group. There were no significant differences in self-concept among the three groups. These findings challenge a common assumption that mastectomy automatically results in psychiatric morbidity caused by an altered body-image and suggest that health professionals should not make assumptions about how a woman will psychologically respond to mastectomy. Quality of life perceptions were compared among the prosthesis, reconstruction and control B groups using the Ferrans and Powers (1985) Quality of Life Index. The mean scores of the prosthesis and reconstruction groups were higher than the control group's scores, with higher scores indicating more positive quality of life perceptions. The findings suggest that the women in the mastectomy samples had found ways to cope with their health crises. Over time, they learned not to define all existence in terms of a cancer diagnosis and had gained or maintained a positive perspective on life. Post-mastectomy attitudes in the prosthesis and the reconstruction groups were compared. Using the Mastectomy Attitude Scale the results indicated that both groups were satisfied with their bodies, had a positive outlook towards their lives, implied that sexuality entailed more than having breasts, and felt that mastectomy treatment was necessary to save their lives. Neither group concealed that they had a mastectomy, nor were the women prone to discuss their mastectomy experiences. The findings from the study indicate that the women post-mastectomy already had or developed positive attitudes towards themselves and life in general and the method chosen for breast restoration had no apparent impact on these attitudes. The self-perception data indicated that women do adjust and cope with breast cancer surgically treated by mastectomy. These women should be encouraged by health professionals to develop a helping relationship with other women who are newly diagnosed with the disease. This alliance could engender hope in those women who are beginning their journey along a similar road to survival. More hope for these women and less fatalism would decrease their sense of crisis and facilitate their abilities to take an active part in the decision-making processes relating to their treatment. Psychological Milieu: The women in the prosthesis and the reconstruction groups were interviewed about their breast cancer and mastectomy experiences. The findings supported the premise that receiving a diagnosis of breast cancer plunged the women into a health crisis and caused an instant disruption to their lives. The women found that they had to suddenly deal with several complex issues all at the same time, such as what must be done in the immediate future to treat the cancer, as well as the more frightening issues of the meaning of the illness on their ultimate life expectancy. All of this turmoil played havoc with their ability to make informed decisions regarding their breast cancer treatment alternatives. This finding suggests the need for more individualised interventions and support for women when they are making decisions during this stressful period. Health professionals need to keep in mind that simply hearing the word "cancer" often prevents a person from assimilating the complete diagnosis, indicated treatments, and possible prognosis. Therefore, care-givers must be prepared to repeat and elaborate upon information previously given to the affected individual and the family. Breast Restoration Decision-Making: To evaluate the prosthesis and the reconstruction groups' abilities to undertake competent breast restoration decision-making, a 5 Stage process was devised, modelled after Janis and Mann's (1977) seven criteria for competent decision-making. Analysis of the data revealed that both groups displayed passive information seeking behaviour in relation to breast restoration alternatives. They had either no knowledge or limited knowledge regarding the alternatives. Their lack of knowledge was due either to (1) anxiety about their disease, or (2) deficiencies in the interpersonal skills of individuals presenting information to them, or (3) the perceptions that they had insufficient time to gather information, or (4) a combination of these factors. Because the prosthesis and the reconstruction groups were under stress they used coping styles to accomplish decision-making. To measure their coping styles five categories were defined, based on Janis and Mann's (1977) conflict model of emergency decisionmaking and Simon's (1957) notion of "bounded rationality". Two styles emerged. The prosthesis group used the "Sideliner" style that allowed the women to make a quick, conflict-free decision. They were not aware of alternative choices resulting in their decision-making experience being uncomplicated and effortless. The reconstruction group used the "Contented" style that also allowed them an uncomplicated and effortless decision-making experience. The women decided that breast reconstruction was their only viable option. Many of them did not even think that they had made a decision about an alternative because of the strong salience towards breast reconstruction. A breast restoration decision-making model has been developed and proposed for women to use when considering their alternatives. This model offers to health professionals and women a realistic and useable decision-making process that can be implemented when individuals are experiencing a health crisis. The model can be modified and used for numerous situations that require decisions regarding treatment alternatives. This inquiry has demonstrated that there is a need for a specific health professional to assist women newly diagnosed with breast cancer. This individual would assume several roles that include one of advocacy for the women, and the important role of ensuring that these individuals have the information and knowledge to make competent decisions regarding their breast cancer treatments.
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Edsander-Nord, Åsa. "Pedicled and free TRAM flaps in breast reconstructions : a comparative study /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4360-5/.

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Harmer, Victoria Margaret Lucas. "Women's perspectives of radiotherapy combined with deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap and transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) free flap breast reconstructions post mastectomy for breast cancer." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2015. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/womens-perspectives-of-radiotherapy-combined-with-deep-inferior-epigastric-perforator-diep-flap-and-transverse-rectus-abdominis-musculocutaneous-tram-free-flap-breast-reconstructions-post-mastectomy-for-breast-cancer(a37408e4-9fa2-47d0-8e8f-e5c32d9df5d6).html.

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Aim: To investigate women’s perspectives of radiotherapy combined with deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap and transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) free flap breast reconstructions post mastectomy for breast cancer. Background: Breast cancer can be treated by a number of modalities. Two of these are surgery and radiotherapy. If a mastectomy is recommended an immediate breast reconstruction may also be offered. There are a number of different reconstructive techniques; one uses tissue from the abdomen, and another uses tissue and muscle. In some cases radiotherapy may be recommended and delivered post-operatively as an adjuvant. There is confusion in the literature whether radiotherapy has a detrimental effect on these autologous (tissue-only) reconstructions, and there is limited research in this arena from the patient’s perspective. Method: Three focus groups were held in London in 2013. The aim of these groups was to explore the experiences of women who had received this combination of treatment, and to identify their thoughts on whether post-operative radiotherapy impacted their tissue-only immediate breast reconstructions. Data from these focus groups were transcribed and analysed using framework analysis. Results: Six themes emerged from the data; Being changed, Control, Coping strategies, Information, Normalisation and Trust/faith in healthcare professionals. The women did not appear to be worried about the combination of treatment or any effects the radiotherapy had on their immediate autologous breast reconstructions; furthermore, they would recommend this option to others in the same situation. The women discussed their experience of breast cancer and how this had affected them. The data illustrated that breast cancer and treatment reverberated through every aspect of the women’s life; their self-identity, daily routines and experiences with friends and family. In context of the enormity of the breast cancer experience, the combination of treatment with immediate autologous reconstruction followed by radiotherapy appeared well tolerated and not a notable issue for the participants. Although longer-term issues are not known, these women reported that other aspects of their treatment had been challenging, for example chemotherapy, but when reflecting on their whole experience these did not seem too great in hindsight. Conclusions: This is the first study to report qualitative data on this specific combination of treatment. The findings of this research are that the participants did not voice concerns regarding the delivery of post-operative radiotherapy on their DIEP or TRAM flap immediate breast reconstructions. Understanding the thoughts and experiences of these women will furnish healthcare professionals with information, assist them when recommending treatment for women within this setting, and give confidence and encouragement when suggesting this combination of treatment. It is hoped that this will translate to a better patient experience and enable clinicians to target and assist with specific needs in a holistic manner.
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Godavarty, Anuradha. "Fluorescence enhanced optical tomography on breast phantoms with measurements using a gain modulated intensified CCD imaging system." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2184.

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Fluorescence-enhanced optical imaging using near-infrared (NIR) light developed for in-vivo molecular targeting and reporting of cancer provides promising opportunities for diagnostic imaging. However, prior to the administration of unproven contrast agents, the benefits of fluorescence-enhanced optical imaging must be assessed in feasibility phantom studies. A novel intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) imaging system has been developed to perform 3-D fluorescence tomographic imaging in the frequency-domain using near-infrared contrast agents. This study is unique since it (i) employs a large tissue-mimicking phantom (~1087 cc), which is shaped and sized to resemble a female breast and part of the extended chest wall region, and (ii) enables rapid data acquisition in the frequency-domain by using a gain-modulated ICCD camera. Diagnostic 3-D fluorescence-enhanced optical tomography is demonstrated using 0.5-1 cc single and multiple targets contrasted from their surrounding by ??M concentrations of Indocyanine green (ICG) in the breast-shaped phantom (10 cm diameter), under varying conditions of target-to-background absorption contrast ratios (1:0 and 100:1) and target depths (up to 3 cm deep). Boundary surface fluorescence measurements of referenced amplitude and phase shift were used along with the coupled diffusion equation of light propagation in order to perform 3-D image reconstructions using the approximate extended Kalman filter (AEKF) algorithm, and hence differentiate the target from the background based on fluorescent optical contrast. Detection of single and multiple targets is demonstrated under various conditions of target depths (up to 2 cm deep), absorption optical contrast ratio (1:0 and 100:1), target volumes (0.5-1 cc), and multiple targets (up to three 0.5 cc targets). The feasibility of 3-D image reconstructions from simultaneous multiple point excitation sources are presented. Preliminary lifetime imaging studies with 1:2 and 2:1 optical contrast in fluorescence lifetime of the contrast agents is also demonstrated. The specificity of the optical imager is further assessed from homogeneous phantom studies containing no fluorescently contrasted targets. While nuclear imaging currently provides clinical diagnostic opportunities using radioactive tracers, molecular targeting of tumors using non-ionizing NIR contrast agents tomographically imaged using the frequency-domain ICCD imaging system could possibly become a new method of diagnostic imaging.
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Poujol, Julie. "Techniques d'acquisitions et reconstructions IRM rapides pour améliorer la détection du cancer du sein." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0143/document.

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Le cancer du sein est aujourd’hui le cancer le plus fréquent chez la femme ainsi que la première cause de décès féminin par cancer. Actuellement, l’IRM mammaire n’est réalisée qu’en seconde intention lorsque les autres modalités d’imagerie ne suffisent pas à poser un diagnostic. Dans le cas des populations à risque, l’IRM mammaire est recommandée comme examen de dépistage annuel en raison de sa très haute sensibilité de détection. Par IRM, la détection d’un cancer du sein se fait à la suite de l’injection d’un produit de contraste qui permet de visualiser les lésions mammaires en hypersignal. La majeure partie du diagnostic repose sur l’analyse morphologique de ces lésions ; une acquisition hautement résolue spatialement est donc nécessaire. Malgré l’utilisation des techniques d’accélération courantes, le volume de données à acquérir reste important et la résolution temporelle de l’examen d’IRM mammaire est aujourd’hui aux alentours d’une minute. Cette faible résolution temporelle limite donc intrinsèquement la spécificité de l’examen d’IRM mammaire. Un examen avec une haute résolution temporelle permettrait l’utilisation de modèles pharmacocinétiques donnant accès à des paramètres physiologiques spécifiques des lésions. L’approche proposée dans ce travail de thèse est le développement d’une séquence IRM permettant à la fois la reconstruction classique d’images, telle que celle utilisée en routine clinique pour le diagnostic, ainsi qu’une reconstruction accélérée d’images avec une plus haute résolution temporelle permettant ainsi l’application de modèles pharmacocinétiques. Le développement de cette séquence a été réalisé en modifiant l’ordre d’acquisition du domaine de Fourier de la séquence utilisée en clinique, afin qu’il soit aléatoire et permette la reconstruction a posteriori de domaines sous-échantillonnés acquis plus rapidement. Des acquisitions sur des objets tests, sur des volontaires et sur des patientes ont montré que l’acquisition aléatoire ne modifiait pas les images obtenues par reconstruction classique permettant ainsi le diagnostic conventionnel. Une attention particulière a été portée pour permettre la suppression de graisse nécessaire à l’acquisition des images d’IRM mammaire. Les reconstructions des domaines sous-échantillonnés sont réalisées via des reconstructions Compressed Sensing permettant la suppression des artéfacts de sous-échantillonnage. Ces reconstructions Compressed Sensing ont été développées et testées sur des fantômes numériques reproduisant des IRMs mammaires. Le potentiel de cette nouvelle acquisition a enfin été testé sur une lésion artificielle mammaire, développée à cet effet, et reproduisant des prises de contraste mammaires
Breast cancer is nowadays the first cause of female cancer and the first cause of female death by cancer. Breast MRI is only performed in second intention when other imaging modalities cannot lead to a confident diagnosis. In high risk women population, breast MRI is recommended as an annual screening tool because of its higher sensitivity to detect breast cancer. Breast MRI needs contrast agent injection to visualize enhancing lesions and the diagnosis is mostly based on morphological analysis of these lesions. Therefore, an acquisition with high spatial resolution is needed. Despite the use of conventional MRI acceleration techniques, the volume of data to be acquired remains quite large and the temporal resolution of the exam is around one minute. This low temporal resolution may be the cause of the low specificity of breast MRI exam. Breast MRI with higher temporal resolution will allow the use of pharmacokinetic models to access physiological parameters and lesion specifications. The main aim of this work is to develop a MRI sequence allowing a flexible use of the acquired data at the reconstruction stage. On the one hand, the images can be reconstructed with a conventional reconstruction like the protocol used in clinical routine. On the other hand, the new MRI sequence will also allow the reconstruction of images with a higher temporal resolution allowing the use of pharmacokinetic models. The development of this sequence was done by modifying the acquisition order in the Fourier domain. A random acquisition of the Fourier domain will allow the reconstruction of sub-sampled domains acquired faster. We paid attention to fat suppression efficiency with this new Fourier domain acquisition order. Tests were performed on phantom, female volunteers and patients. These tests showed that the random acquisition did not impact the quality of images (MRI signal and lesion morphology) obtained by conventional reconstruction thus allowing the conventional diagnosis. The reconstructions of the sub-sampled Fourier domains were made using Compressed Sensing reconstructions to remove sub-sampling artifacts. These reconstructions were developed and tested on digital phantoms reproducing breast MRI. The potential of this new MRI acquisition was tested on an artificial enhancing breast lesion developed especially for this purpose
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McKean, Lindsay. "'Feeling like me again' : reconstructing women's self-image through breast reconstruction." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24951.

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An examination of the relevant literature revealed a lack of theoretical conceptualisations of breast reconstruction’s role regarding women’s self-image. The present study aimed to explore this topic further and develop appropriate theory. A Grounded Theory methodology was employed to retrospectively explore the experiences of women who had undergone breast reconstruction, focusing upon the concept of self-image. Ten participants took part in the current study, recruited from breast cancer support groups. Data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews and analysed via the NVivo 8 computer package. The views of three breast cancer care staff were also canvassed via focus group in order to verify the findings and emerging theory. The current investigation generated a core category entitled ‘Feeling like me again’. This category emerged as a reflection of the participants’ belief that breast reconstruction surgery has helped them to restore a sense of normality in their lives and in how they see themselves. The core category comprised two principal categories, namely ‘Normal Appearance’ and ‘Normal Life’, and their subordinate themes. A further two main categories were generated, entitled ‘Moving On’ and ‘Image of Sick Person’. The categories were formulated into a Model of Breast Cancer, Breast Reconstruction and Self-Image. Implications of this model in relation to existing theory and clinical practice were considered. This study has highlighted that breast reconstruction’s role in relation to women’s self-image is subtle and wide-ranging.
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Vitolo, Maria Giovanna. "Microwave breast imaging reconstruction." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10114/.

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In this thesis I analyzed the microwave tomography method to recognize breast can- cer. I study how identify the dielectric permittivity, the Helmoltz equation parameter used to model the real physic problem. Through a non linear least squares method I solve a problem of parameters identification; I show the theoric approach and the devel- opment to reach the results. I use the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, applied on COMSOL software to multiphysic models; so I do numerical proofs on semplified test problems compared to the specific real problem to solve.
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Lagergren, Jakob. "Immediate breast reconstruction with implants in breast cancer patients /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-230-9/.

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Leung, Pui-yu Pamela. "Experiences and meaning reconstruction among Chinese women with breast cancer in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B39558095.

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Gromelsky, Ljungcrantz Emily. "Immediate breast reconstruction in breast cancer patients2018 at the University Hospital of Örebro." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-81526.

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Introduction: To save lives, mastectomy is an essential intervention, but it can also causephysical and psychological trauma. An important step in restoring breast cancer patient’squality of life is to offer reconstruction. Immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) is thealternative that provides highest patient-reported life quality post surgery. However, not allpatients are suitable for the procedure, besides surgical contraindications; both patient’s andsurgeon’s opinion on surgery may influence the frequency.Data from 2016 revealed low frequency of IBR in the County of Örebro, below nationaltargets. Since then, improvement work has been implemented to improve frequency.Aim: To investigate the current frequency of IBR in 2018 and compare with data from 2016.Method: Data on mastectomy and IBR frequency in breast cancer patients was extractedfrom casebooks. Patients with male gender, neoadjuvant radiotherapy and other purposes forsurgery than cancer were excluded. Using SPSS statistics, population characteristics wascompared between IBR and mastectomy alone patients, and with data from 2016.Results: It was evident that the frequency of IBR 2018 (12.66 %) was higher than in 2016(4.85 %), which match our hypothesis. Further, there was no significant difference incharacteristics between the mastectomy alone and IBR group except for “waiting time forsurgery”, “discussion at MDK on IBR” and “age”.Conclusion: IBR surgeries have increased since 2016. Future focus to improve frequencyshould be on shortening the waiting time and addressing patient’s opinion on surgery, asseveral patients declined.
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Books on the topic "Breast reconstructions"

1

Shiffman, Melvin A., ed. Breast Reconstruction. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18726-6.

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Mayer, Horacio F., ed. Breast Reconstruction. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34603-4.

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Virginia, Straker, and ebrary Inc, eds. Breast reconstruction : your choice. London: Class Pub., 2008.

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Madeleine, Lejour, and Gamboa-Bobadilla Mabel, eds. Atlas of breast reconstruction. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Co., 1991.

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Rietjens, Mario, Mario Casales Schorr, and Visnu Lohsiriwat. Atlas of Breast Reconstruction. Milano: Springer Milan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5519-3.

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Fansa, Hisham, and Christoph Heitmann. Breast Reconstruction with Autologous Tissue. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95468-4.

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John, Bostwick, ed. A woman's decision: Breast care, treatment, & reconstruction. 2nd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Quality Medical Pub., 1994.

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Berger, Karen J. A woman's decision: Breast care, treatment, & reconstruction. 2nd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Quality Medical Pub., 1994.

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John, Bostwick, ed. A woman's decision: Breast care, treatment & reconstruction. New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 1998.

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Berger, Karen J. A woman's decision: Breast care, treatment & reconstruction. 4th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Quality Medical Pub, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Breast reconstructions"

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van der Sluis, Wouter B. "Scars After Breast Reconstruction." In Textbook on Scar Management, 527–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44766-3_62.

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AbstractBreast cancer develops in the lifetime of 12% of women. Breast reconstruction increases the quality of life in these women. There are different surgical options for breast reconstruction: immediate or delayed prosthesis-based reconstruction, oncoplastic reconstruction, fat grafting, and free or pedicled flap reconstructions. Different techniques leave different scars on the breast. Here, we present a woman with a breast scar after breast reconstruction using a deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap.
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Saour, Samer, and Pari-Naz Mohanna. "Thermal Injuries to Autologous Breast Reconstructions and Their Donor Sites." In Breast Reconstruction, 1539–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18726-6_152.

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Zeltzer, Assaf A. "The Use of a Single Set of Internal Mammary Recipient Vessels in Bilateral Free Flap Breast Reconstructions." In Breast Reconstruction, 929–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18726-6_91.

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Acciavatti, Raymond J., Stewart B. Mein, and Andrew D. A. Maidment. "Investigating Oblique Reconstructions with Super-Resolution in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis." In Breast Imaging, 737–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31271-7_95.

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Fyad, J. P. "Acquis et limites des reconstructions mammaires immédiates." In Acquis et limites en sénologie / Assets and limits in breast diseases, 138–42. Paris: Springer Paris, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0396-8_15.

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Costa, Márcio Paulino, Alex Boso Fioravanti, and Guilherme Cardinal Barreiro. "Importance of Concepts in Abdominoplasty and Liposuction in Breast Reconstructions." In New Concepts on Abdominoplasty and Further Applications, 147–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27851-3_10.

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Malliori, A., K. Bliznakova, A. Daskalaki, and N. Pallikarakis. "Graphical User Interface for Breast Tomosynthesis Reconstructions: An Application Using Anisotropic Diffusion Filtering." In IFMBE Proceedings, 479–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00846-2_119.

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Champaneria, Manish C. "A Complete History of Breast Reconstruction." In Breast Reconstruction, 3–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18726-6_1.

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Saad, Adam, and Alireza Sadeghi. "The Anatomical Basis of the Profunda Femoris Artery Perforator (PAP) Flap: A New Option for Autologous Breast Reconstruction." In Breast Reconstruction, 129–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18726-6_10.

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Findlay, Michael W., and Wayne A. Morrison. "Tissue Engineered Breast Reconstruction." In Breast Reconstruction, 1001–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18726-6_100.

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Conference papers on the topic "Breast reconstructions"

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Fhager, Andreas, and Mikael Persson. "Reconstrunction strategies for microwave imaging of breast; reconstructions constrained to the breast domain." In 2017 First IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Bio Conference (IMBIOC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imbioc.2017.7965772.

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Vent, Trevor L., Raymond J. Acciavatti, Young Joon Kwon, and Andrew D. A. Maidment. "Quantification of resolution in multiplanar reconstructions for digital breast tomosynthesis." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Despina Kontos, Thomas G. Flohr, and Joseph Y. Lo. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2216260.

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Li, Cuiping, Neb Duric, and Lianjie Huang. "Clinical breast imaging using sound-speed reconstructions of ultrasound tomography data." In Medical Imaging, edited by Stephen A. McAleavey and Jan D'hooge. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.771436.

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Fhager, Andreas, and Mikael Persson. "Numerical study on image reconstructions of breast models in different matching liquids." In 2016 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cama.2016.7815778.

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Michielsen, Koen, Federica Zanca, Nicholas Marshall, Hilde Bosmans, and Johan Nuyts. "Two complementary model observers to evaluate reconstructions of simulated micro-calcifications in digital breast tomosynthesis." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Craig K. Abbey and Claudia R. Mello-Thoms. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2006749.

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Zhang, Q., Q. Xiao, R. Guo, J. Wu, Y. Gu, and B. Xiu. "Abstract P5-16-08: Applications of rib sparing technique in internal mammary vessels exposure of abdominal free flap breast reconstructions." In Abstracts: 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 4-8, 2018; San Antonio, Texas. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p5-16-08.

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Guth, AA, K. Blechman, C. Levovitz, K. Small, D. Axelrod, N. Karp, and M. Choi. "P2-16-09: Nipple-Areolar Sparing Mastectomy: Utility of the Lateral Inframammary Incision in Immediate Implant-Based Reconstructions." In Abstracts: Thirty-Fourth Annual CTRC‐AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium‐‐ Dec 6‐10, 2011; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p2-16-09.

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Viviers, D., E. E. W. Van Houten, M. D. J. McGarry, J. B. Weaver, and K. D. Paulsen. "Initial In-Vivo Results Considering Rayleigh Damping in Magnetic Resonance Elastography." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12709.

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Dispersive material properties provide valuable metrics for characterizing the nature of soft tissue lesions. Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) targets non-invasive breast cancer diagnosis and is capable of imaging the damping properties of soft tissue. 3D time-harmonic displacement data obtained via MRI is used to drive a reconstruction algorithm capable of deducing the distribution of mechanical properties in the tissue. To make the most of this diagnostic capability, characterization of the damping behavior of tissue is made more sophisticated by the use of a Rayleigh damping model. To date, time-harmonic motion attenuation in tissue as found in dynamic MRE has been characterized by a single parameter model that takes the form of an imaginary component of a complex valued shear modulus. A more generalized damping formulation for the time-harmonic case, known commonly as Rayleigh or proportional damping, includes an additional parameter that takes the form of an imaginary component of a complex valued density. The effects of these two different damping mechanisms can be shown to be independent across homogeneous distributions and mischaracterization of the damping structure can be shown to lead to artifacts in the reconstructed attenuation profile. We have implemented a Rayleigh damping reconstruction method for MRE and measured the dispersive properties of actual patient data sets with impressive results. Reconstructions show a close match with varying tissue structure. The reconstructed values for real shear modulus and overall damping levels are in reasonable agreement with values established in the literature or measured by mechanical testing, and in the case of malignant lesions, show good correspondence with contrast enhanced MRI. There is significant medical potential for an algorithm that can accurately reconstruct soft tissue material properties through non invasive MRI scans. Imaging methods that help identify invasive regions through reconstruction of dispersive soft tissue properties could be applied to pathologies in the brain, lung, liver and kidney as well.
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Lee, Kok-Meng, Junwei Li, and Kun Bai. "A Novel Current-Interference Scanning Method for Detection of Abnormal Tissues." In ASME 2018 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2018-9175.

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This paper presents a current-interference scanning (CIS) method for detecting abnormal tissues (such as breast and lung tumors) characterized by a significantly higher electrical conductivity than healthy tissues. The CIS method overcomes several limitations encountered in existing screening techniques based on electrical impedance tomography (EIT), which usually suffer from poor spatial resolution due to the limited number of electrodes that can be attached on human body. In addition, the reconstructions of the impedance image in EIT are often poorly conditioned due to its uneven sensitivity to different areas and ill posed for limited information. In this paper, the theoretical basis of a CIS method is analytically derived, which uses two high-frequency sinusoidal currents to create a low-frequency current-interference area moving in two orthogonal directions. The effectiveness of the CIS method and its feasibility for detecting relatively large different electrical conductivities in human tissues are illustrated numerically and experimentally.
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Buganza, Adrian, Jonathan Wong, and Ellen Kuhl. "Finite Element Modeling of Mechanically Driven Skin Growth due to Different Expander Geometries." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53099.

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Tissue expansion has become an important technique used in breast reconstruction after mastectomy and for repairing large damaged skin areas such as burns [1]. According to the National Cancer Institute, the estimated number of breast cancer cases in 2010 in the United States was 207,090 [2]. Many of these women underwent mastectomies, and tissue expanders were used for breast reconstruction as a common procedure afterwards. Even though several studies from clinical and experimental points of view have been presented, there is still a poor understanding of the mechanobiological procedures occurring during skin growth. In particular, it is of interest to determine the effect of expanders with different geometries in strain, stress, and area gained during expansion.
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Reports on the topic "Breast reconstructions"

1

Acciavatti, Raymond J. Modeling the Anisotropic Resolution and Noise Properties of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Image Reconstructions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada559524.

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Saldanha, Ian J., Wangnan Cao, Justin M. Broyles, Gaelen P. Adam, Monika Reddy Bhuma, Shivani Mehta, Laura S. Dominici, Andrea L. Pusic, and Ethan M. Balk. Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer245.

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Objectives. This systematic review evaluates breast reconstruction options for women after mastectomy for breast cancer (or breast cancer prophylaxis). We addressed six Key Questions (KQs): (1) implant-based reconstruction (IBR) versus autologous reconstruction (AR), (2) timing of IBR and AR in relation to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, (3) comparisons of implant materials, (4) comparisons of anatomic planes for IBR, (5) use versus nonuse of human acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) during IBR, and (6) comparisons of AR flap types. Data sources and review methods. We searched Medline®, Embase®, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL®, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to March 23, 2021, to identify comparative and single group studies. We extracted study data into the Systematic Review Data Repository Plus (SRDR+). We assessed the risk of bias and evaluated the strength of evidence (SoE) using standard methods. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020193183). Results. We found 8 randomized controlled trials, 83 nonrandomized comparative studies, and 69 single group studies. Risk of bias was moderate to high for most studies. KQ1: Compared with IBR, AR is probably associated with clinically better patient satisfaction with breasts and sexual well-being but comparable general quality of life and psychosocial well-being (moderate SoE, all outcomes). AR probably poses a greater risk of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism (moderate SoE), but IBR probably poses a greater risk of reconstructive failure in the long term (1.5 to 4 years) (moderate SoE) and may pose a greater risk of breast seroma (low SoE). KQ 2: Conducting IBR either before or after radiation therapy may result in comparable physical well-being, psychosocial well-being, sexual well-being, and patient satisfaction with breasts (all low SoE), and probably results in comparable risks of implant failure/loss or need for explant surgery (moderate SoE). We found no evidence addressing timing of IBR or AR in relation to chemotherapy or timing of AR in relation to radiation therapy. KQ 3: Silicone and saline implants may result in clinically comparable patient satisfaction with breasts (low SoE). There is insufficient evidence regarding double lumen implants. KQ 4: Whether the implant is placed in the prepectoral or total submuscular plane may not be associated with risk of infections that are not explicitly implant related (low SoE). There is insufficient evidence addressing the comparisons between prepectoral and partial submuscular and between partial and total submuscular planes. KQ 5: The evidence is inconsistent regarding whether human ADM use during IBR impacts physical well-being, psychosocial well-being, or satisfaction with breasts. However, ADM use probably increases the risk of implant failure/loss or need for explant surgery (moderate SoE) and may increase the risk of infections not explicitly implant related (low SoE). Whether or not ADM is used probably is associated with comparable risks of seroma and unplanned repeat surgeries for revision (moderate SoE for both), and possibly necrosis (low SoE). KQ 6: AR with either transverse rectus abdominis (TRAM) or deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps may result in comparable patient satisfaction with breasts (low SoE), but TRAM flaps probably increase the risk of harms to the area of flap harvest (moderate SoE). AR with either DIEP or latissimus dorsi flaps may result in comparable patient satisfaction with breasts (low SoE), but there is insufficient evidence regarding thromboembolic events and no evidence regarding other surgical complications. Conclusion. Evidence regarding surgical breast reconstruction options is largely insufficient or of only low or moderate SoE. New high-quality research is needed, especially for timing of IBR and AR in relation to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, for comparisons of implant materials, and for comparisons of anatomic planes of implant placement.
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Patrick, Charles W., and Jr. Breast Reconstruction Using Tissue Engineering. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada400643.

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Patrick, Charles W., and Jr. Breast Reconstruction Using Tissue Engineering. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada410572.

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Patrick, Charles W., and Jr. Breast Reconstruction Using Tissue Engineering. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada420386.

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Wilkins, Edwin G. Michigan Breast Reconstruction Outcome Study (MBROS). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada382466.

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Wilkins, Edwin G. Michigan Breast Reconstruction Outcome Study (MBROS). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada391685.

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Allen, Robert J., and Ali Sadeghi. Breast Reconstruction using a Free Flap. Touch Surgery Simulations, March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2015.s0043.

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Huang, Lianjie. Breast Microcalcification Detection Using Super-Resolution Ultrasound Image Reconstruction. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada536822.

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Virador, Patrick R. G. Image reconstruction for a Positron Emission Tomograph optimized for breast cancer imaging. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/772147.

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