Journal articles: 'Breast – Radiography'

1

Goldfeder, Sarah, Delphine Davis, and Jeanne Cullinan. "Breast Specimen Radiography." Academic Radiology 13, no. 12 (December 2006): 1453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2006.08.017.

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Rissanen, T. J., H. P. Mäkäräinen, M. J. Kallioinen, H. O. Kiviniemi, and P. I. Salmela. "Radiography of the Male Breast in Gynecomastia." Acta Radiologica 33, no. 2 (March 1992): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028418519203300205.

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In order to investigate the role of imaging methods in the evaluation of the male breast we reviewed the mammograms and ultrasonograms (US) performed in 40 men with breast enlargement or pain. The patients, whose breasts were examined by either mammography (n = 7) or US (n = 1) or both (n = 32), ranged in age from 14 to 83 years. The final diagnoses were gynecomastia in 35 patients, lipomas in one, abscess or sequelae to abscess in 2, and normal in 2. In gynecomastia the subareolar density was of varying shape and size or showed a diffuse pattern of heterogeneous density occupying the whole breast on mammography, and a retromammillar hypoechoic focus, a diffuse heterogeneous area, or a combination of these was observed at US. Eleven breasts and one axillary lymph node were examined by US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), which was diagnostic in all cases. Mammography is recommended for the evaluation of the male breast if the differential diagnosis between gynecomastia and fatty enlargement is not clinically evident, and in all cases of unilateral breast symptoms. US is a complementary method to mammography and is also useful to provide guidance for FNAB.

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Mekiš, Nejc, Dejan Zontar, and Damijan Skrk. "The effect of breast shielding during lumbar spine radiography." Radiology and Oncology 47, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/raon-2013-0004.

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Abstract Background. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of lead shielding on the dose to female breasts in conventional x-ray lumbar spine imaging. The correlation between the body mass index and the dose received by the breast was also investigated. Materials and methods. Breast surface dose was measured by thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD). In the first phase measurements of breast dose with and without shielding from lumbar spine imaging in two projections were conducted on an anthropomorphic phantom. In the second stage measurements were performed on 100 female patients, randomly divided into two groups of 50, with breast shielding only used in one group. Results. On average, breast exposure dose in lumbar spine imaging in both projections (anteroposterior (AP) and lateral) was found reduced by approximately 80% (p < 0,001) when shielding with 0.5 mm lead equivalent was used (from 0.45±0.25 mGy to 0.09±0.07 mGy on the right and from 0.26±0.14 mGy to 0.06±0.04 mGy on the left breast). No correlation between the body mass index (BMI) and the breast surface radiation dose was observed. Conclusions. Although during the lumbar spine imaging breasts receive low-dose exposure even when shielding is not used, the dose can be reduced up to 80% by breast shielding with no influence on the image quality.

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Asaga, T., S. Chiyasu, S. Mastuda, H. Mastuura, H. Kato, M. Ishida, and T. Komaki. "Breast imaging: dual-energy projection radiography with digital radiography." Radiology 164, no. 3 (September 1987): 869–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.164.3.3303124.

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Rebner, M., M. A. Helvie, D. R. Pennes, H. A. Oberman, D. M. Ikeda, and D. D. Adler. "Paraffin tissue block radiography: adjunct to breast specimen radiography." Radiology 173, no. 3 (December 1989): 695–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.173.3.2682773.

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Yamada, Tatsuya, and Yukio Muramatsu. "Computed Radiography for Breast Cancer." Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 20, no. 2 (June 1990): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jjco.a039382.

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Çiray, I., G. Åström, I. Andréasson, T. Edekling, J. Hansen, J. Bergh, and H. Ahlström. "Evaluation of new sclerotic bone metastases in breast cancer patients during treatment." Acta Radiologica 41, no. 2 (March 2000): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/028418500127345019.

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Purpose: According to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for response of bone metastases to therapy, new lesions indicate progressive disease. We intended to prove that a new sclerotic lesion on conventional radiography may also be a sign of a positive therapeutic response in a previously undetectable lytic metastasis. Material and Methods: In a previous placebo-controlled clinical trial of clodronate (Ostac) therapy, 139 breast cancer patients with bone metastases underwent both conventional radiography and bone scan every 6 months for 2 years with 99mTc before and during clodronate treatment. WHO criteria were applied for therapy response evaluation. Results: In 24 patients, 52 new sclerotic lesions observed during therapy were selected for re-evaluation of conventional radiographs and bone scans. In 8 of the 24 patients, 17 of 52 new sclerotic lesions (33%) had showed positive uptake on previous bone scans. These lesions were possibly misinterpreted as new when applying WHO criteria. Conclusion: For better assessment of new sclerotic lesions during treatment, more sensitive techniques, e.g. bone scan, are needed as a complement to conventional radiography.

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Morin Doody, Michele, John E. Lonstein, Marilyn Stovall, David G. Hacker, Nickolas Luckyanov, and Charles E. Land. "Breast Cancer Mortality After Diagnostic Radiography." Spine 25, no. 16 (August 2000): 2052–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007632-200008150-00009.

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Homer, M. J., and L. Berlin. "Radiography of the surgical breast biopsy specimen." American Journal of Roentgenology 171, no. 5 (November 1998): 1197–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.171.5.9798846.

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Rissanen, T. J., H. P. Makarainen, M. J. Kallioinen, H. O. Kiviniemi, and P. I. Salmela. "Radiography of the Male Breast in Gynecomastia." Acta Radiologica 33, no. 2 (March 1, 1992): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02841859209173141.

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11

Collins, L. "Radiography special issue – Issues in breast imaging." Radiography 21, no. 4 (November 2015): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2015.09.003.

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12

Rissanen, T. J., H. P. Mäkäräinen, M. J. Kallioinen, H. O. Kiviniemi, and P. I. Salmela. "Radiography of the Male Breast in Gynecomastia." Acta Radiologica 33, no. 2 (January 1992): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841859209173141.

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13

Woznitza, Nick, Lisa Pittock, James Elliott, and Bev Snaith. "Diagnostic radiographer advanced clinical practice in the United Kingdom – A national cross-sectional survey." BJR|Open 3, no. 1 (January 2021): 20210003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjro.20210003.

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Objectives: To survey the diagnostic radiography workforce in the United Kingdom (UK) at an organisational level to ascertain the scope of advanced practice and compliance with Health Education England standards for multiprofessional advanced clinical practice (ACP). Methods: 174 diagnostic imaging departments were invited to participate in a cross-sectional electronic survey focused upon advanced level practice and their educational and accreditation expectations (October–December 2019). Breast imaging, computed tomography, fluoroscopy, interventional radiology, lithotripsy, magnetic resonance imaging and projectional radiography were included. Results: A total of 97 responses were received, of which 79 were eligible for inclusion (45%). Respondents reported advanced-level practice roles across all imaging modalities, which included clinical reporting, procedural-based and combined roles. Radiograph and mammogram reporting were most prevalent (95 and 67% of Trusts), with fluoroscopy the most frequent procedure-only role (25%). Only 39% of trusts required adherence to the four pillars of ACP within job descriptions, and only 12% requiring a full Masters qualification. Conclusions: Diagnostic radiographer reporting and procedure-based roles in the NHS are varied and widespread. However, inconsistencies in fulfilment against the expected standards for advanced practice exist. Realignment of advanced-level roles to delineate enhanced and advanced clinical practice may ensure consistency between roles and professions. A requirement for accreditation as an advanced (clinical) practitioner with adherence to advanced practice requirements could therefore provide value to accreditation for both individual practitioners and Trusts. Advances in knowledge: Within the UK, diagnostic radiographer roles previously self-identified as advanced-level practice may be termed enhanced practice when not adhering to expected ACP standards.

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Vujovic, P., T. Gianduzzo, C. Archibald, and I. Bennett. "Ultrasonic specimen radiography for non-palpable breast lesions." Breast 11, no. 2 (April 2002): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/brst.2001.0367.

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Chilcote, W. A., G. A. Davis, P. Suchy, and D. M. Paushter. "Breast specimen radiography: evaluation of a compression device." Radiology 168, no. 2 (August 1988): 425–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.168.2.3393660.

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16

Moskovic, E., C. Parsons, and M. Baum. "Chest radiography in the management of breast cancer." British Journal of Radiology 65, no. 769 (January 1992): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/0007-1285-65-769-30.

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17

Petrén-Mallmin, M., I. Andréasson, R. Nyman, and A. Hemmingsson. "Detection of Breast Cancer Metastases in the Cervical Spine." Acta Radiologica 34, no. 6 (November 1993): 543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028418519303400603.

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Thirty women with breast cancer and indications of possible cervical spine metastases underwent skeletal scintigraphy, conventional radiography, MR imaging and CT. By combining all examinations a diagnosis was settled in each patient and the different imaging techniques were compared. For all of the 26 patients with metastases in the cervical spine the correct diagnosis was found with MR imaging and CT. Both modalities also revealed paravertebral tumour growth, MR (n = 8) more than CT (n = 3). The sensitivity of skeletal scintigraphy in detecting metastases in the cervical spine was rather low, but as these examinations cover the whole body they are still convenient screening procedures, and combined with conventional radiography of selected areas are probably sufficient in many cases. Supplementary examinations with CT or MR would be valuable in patients with equivocal findings at screening for metastases or with clinical indications of metastases that remain unexplained after scintigraphy and radiography.

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Zhukova, Lyudmila, Nikita Maksimov, Gurami Kvetenadze, Evgeniy Shivilov, Khalil Arslanov, and Anton Smirnov. "Advantages of intraoperative digital specimen radiography (IDSR) in breast surgery." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e12613-e12613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e12613.

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e12613 Background: Breast cancer is in first place among malignant diseases in women in Russia. We can provide, in most cases, breast-conserving surgery (BCS), due to progress in early diagnosis. Evaluation of positive margins is still one of the most important objectives in breast-conserving surgery. Objectives: To assess the benefits of IDSR in BCS of patients with “carcinoma in situ”. Methods: The results of treatment of 55 patients with breast cancer “carcinoma in situ” in our clinic were evaluated in two comparable groups. Group A included 28 patients, who were operated on from January 2019 to June 2019 and had breast-conserving surgery without IDSR. Group B included 27 patients, who were operated on from June 2019 to January 2020 and had breast-conserving surgery with the evaluation of margins by IDSR. Results: In a planned histological examination positive margins were detected in group A in 4 cases (14%) and required reoperation. In group B all margins were clear. After IDSR, 6 (22%) patients out of 27 in this group showed microcalcifications in the resection margins or at a distance of less than 1 mm and required intraoperative additional excision to obtain clean margins. Conclusions: IDSR reduces the frequency of reoperation due to increased detection of positive margins, allows to correct scope and duration of surgery because of impact on the time of the surgical decision-making process.

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SUN, JONATHAN G., STEVEN G. ADIE, ERIC J. CHANEY, and STEPHEN A. BOPPART. "SEGMENTATION AND CORRELATION OF OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND X-RAY IMAGES FOR BREAST CANCER DIAGNOSTICS." Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 06, no. 02 (April 2013): 1350015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793545813500156.

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Pre-operative X-ray mammography and intraoperative X-ray specimen radiography are routinely used to identify breast cancer pathology. Recent advances in optical coherence tomography (OCT) have enabled its use for the intraoperative assessment of surgical margins during breast cancer surgery. While each modality offers distinct contrast of normal and pathological features, there is an essential need to correlate image-based features between the two modalities to take advantage of the diagnostic capabilities of each technique. We compare OCT to X-ray images of resected human breast tissue and correlate different tissue features between modalities for future use in real-time intraoperative OCT imaging. X-ray imaging (specimen radiography) is currently used during surgical breast cancer procedures to verify tumor margins, but cannot image tissue in situ. OCT has the potential to solve this problem by providing intraoperative imaging of the resected specimen as well as the in situ tumor cavity. OCT and micro-CT (X-ray) images are automatically segmented using different computational approaches, and quantitatively compared to determine the ability of these algorithms to automatically differentiate regions of adipose tissue from tumor. Furthermore, two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) results are compared. These correlations, combined with real-time intraoperative OCT, have the potential to identify possible regions of tumor within breast tissue which correlate to tumor regions identified previously on X-ray imaging (mammography or specimen radiography).

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Bosmans, Hilde, An De Hauwere, Kim Lemmens, Federica Zanca, Hubert Thierens, Chantal Van Ongeval, Koen Van Herck, et al. "Technical and clinical breast cancer screening performance indicators for computed radiography versus direct digital radiography." European Radiology 23, no. 10 (May 21, 2013): 2891–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00330-013-2876-0.

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21

Jamal, Noriah, Kwan-Hoong Ng, Donald McLean, Lai-Meng Looi, and Fatimah Moosa. "Mammographic Breast Glandularity in Malaysian Women:Data Derived from Radiography." American Journal of Roentgenology 182, no. 3 (March 2004): 713–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.182.3.1820713.

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22

Hietanen, P. "Chest Radiography in the Follow-Up of Breast Cancer." Acta Radiologica: Oncology 25, no. 1 (January 1986): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02841868609136370.

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23

Oakley, K. L., and J. J. Going. "Specimen slice radiography of cancer in breast conserving excisions." Journal of Clinical Pathology 48, no. 11 (November 1, 1995): 1028–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.48.11.1028.

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24

Bick, U. "Breast cancer diagnosis and digital radiography : update and perspectives." Journal de Radiologie 89, no. 10 (October 2008): 1386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0221-0363(08)76189-4.

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Legg, Jeffrey, Hazel Colyer, Lee Collins, and Julie Nightingale. "Special issue on Breast Cancer Investigations and Treatment Radiography." Radiography 20, no. 4 (November 2014): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1078-8174(14)00131-x.

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26

Amendolia, S. R., M. G. Bisogni, U. Bottigli, A. Ceccopieri, P. Delogu, M. E. Fantacci, A. Marchi, V. M. Marzulli, R. Palmiero, and S. Stumbo. "The CALMA project: a CAD tool in breast radiography." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 460, no. 1 (March 2001): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(00)01103-7.

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Lee, Marc J., Robyn L. Birdwell, Frederic Dirbas, Debra M. Ikeda, Gabrielle Bergman, Stanford Rossiter, and Stefanie S. Jeffrey. "Does Intraoperative Radiography of Breast Tissue Specimens Require Compression?" Journal of Women's Imaging 4, no. 4 (November 2002): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00130747-200211000-00002.

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Wernly, Deborah, Charles Beniere, Valerie Besse, Stephanie Seidler, Regine Lachat, Igor Letovanec, Daniela Huber, and Colin Simonson. "SENOSI Confocal Microscopy: A New and Innovating Way to Detect Positive Margins in Non-Palpable Breast Cancer?" Life 14, no. 2 (January 31, 2024): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life14020204.

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In Switzerland, breast cancer is the leading cancer among women, with breast-conserving surgery (BCS) being the preferred treatment for small tumors. The margin status post-surgery is a critical predictor of local recurrence. Achieving negative margins remains a challenge, leading to re-excision in 20–30% of cases. Traditional methods like intraoperative examination palpation and radiography have limitations in assessing excised margins. This study introduces the Histolog® Scanner, a confocal microscopy tool, as a potential solution. It provides real-time images of tissue architecture, allowing for rapid and accurate assessment of excised margins. Our research compared the Histolog® Scanner with standard per-operative radiography in patients with non palpable breast cancer. Preliminary results indicate that the Histolog® Scanner offers a reliable and time-efficient method for margin assessment, suggesting its potential for clinical integration.

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Saad Bunyan, Alyaa, Sarah Saad Bonyan, and Akeel Saad Bonyan. "EVALUATION OF DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF ULTRASOUND-GUIDED SEMI-AUTOMATED CORE NEEDLE BIOPSY OF BREAST SUSPICIOUS MICROCALCIFICATIONS." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 10 (October 31, 2020): 1039–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/11932.

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Back ground: Breast microcalcifications are considered an early mammographic sign of breast cancer which are present with tiny bright spots of different morphology. In an ultrasound (US) image, the presence of microcalcifications within breast is an important indicator of malignancy.With an improved sonographic detection of microcalcification, ultrasound could be used for biopsy guidance for target sampling of tissue containing suspicious microcalcifications. If the biopsied lesions had a suspicious microcalcifications, specimen radiograph is mandatory to confirm the presence of microcalcifications in which a core containing any calcification on specimen radiography was defined as asuccessfully retrieved core. 14-G(Gauge) semi-automated core needle biopsy(CNB) device is less costly than other biopsy device. Methods:A prospective study was conducted on thirty female patients with thirty- two lesions their mean age was 48.53 years (age range, 21-75 years) radiologically classified as BIRADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data system) 4 (b, c) and5 from those referred to women imaging health unit in Radiology department for Sono- Mammography and those patients were referred from the inpatient wards and outpatient clinics of the surgery departments during the period from September 2018 till May 2019.All patients underwent conventional digital mammography and B-mode ultrasound examination and Ultrasound guided biopsy, specimen radiography then tissue samples were sent to histopathology department in which slide picture was done.Then (28) females done surgery and (2) patient still for follow up. Results: Radiological diagnosis of our lesions using BIRADS(Breast Imaging Reporting and Data system) categorical method were identified as two intermediate suspicious lesions (BIRADS 4B 6.3 %), twelve moderate suspicious lesions (BIRADS 4C 34.4 %), and 19 highly suggestive of malignancy lesions (BIRADS 5 59.4 %). Retrieval rate of calcifications according to specimen radiography were successfully retrieved in 30/32 lesions (93.8 %) and confirmed on specimen radiography .CNB( core needle biopsy) identified 28 lesions (87.5 %) malignant and four (12.5 %) benign lesions. Distribution of lesions according to pathological diagnosis in successful and fail retrieval group, the successful retrieval group comprised 26 malignant (22 IDC(Invasive ductal carcinoma), 2 DCIS(Ductal carcinoma Insitu), 2 ILC(Invasive Lobuler carcinoma) ) and four benign lesions.After CNB( core needle biopsy), 30 lesions underwent surgical excision and final pathology results were provided. All 24 IDC on 14-G semi-automated CNB (core needle biopsy) were confirmed to be IDC(Invasive ductal carcinoma) on final pathology. Of the two DCIS(Ductal carcinoma Insitu) on US(Ultrasound) guided CNB( core needle biopsy), one DCIS, were upgraded to IDC, the other one confirmed to be DCIS on final pathology,the two ILC were confirmed to be ILC on final pathology.Of the four benign lesions, the two ADH(Atypical Ductal hyperplasia) underwent surgical excision, finally diagnosed as DCIS,the other two benign lesions (fibroadenoma and fibroadenosis) their BIRADS assessments were category 4C and were recommended for follow-up.The overall accuracy of US-guided 14-G(Gauge) semi-automated CNB( core needle biopsy) was 90.0 % (27/32). Conclusion: The present study confirms the good retrieval rate (93.8%) of US-guided 14-G semi-automated CNB and diagnostic accuracy of (90.0%). Thus, this could be useful procedure for suspicious microcalcifications apparent on sonography.Specimen radiography proved to be a great help in deciding the accurate retrieval of microclcifications by core biopsy. It should be done in all cases of core biopsy for calcifications with marking of the core containing calcifications to be specially assessed by histopathology. We should try to do core biopsy before using VAB (Vaccum-Assisted Biobsy)for calcifications if well seen by ultrasound.

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Nemoto, Manami, and Koichi Chida. "Reducing the Breast Cancer Risk and Radiation Dose of Radiography for Scoliosis in Children: A Phantom Study." Diagnostics 10, no. 10 (September 25, 2020): 753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10100753.

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Full-spinal radiographs (FRs) are often the first choice of imaging modality in the investigation of scoliosis. However, FRs are strongly related to breast cancer occurrence due to multiple large-field radiographic examinations taken during childhood and adolescence, which may increase the risk for breast cancer in adulthood among women with scoliosis. The purpose of this study was to consider various technical parameters to reduce the patient radiation dose of FRs for scoliosis. To evaluate breast surface doses (BSDs) in FRs, radio photoluminescence dosimeters were placed in contact with a child phantom. Using the PC-based Monte Carlo (PMC) program for calculating patient doses in medical X-ray examinations, the breast organ dose (BOD) and the effective dose were calculated by performing Monte Carlo simulations using mathematical phantom models. The BSDs in the posteroanterior (PA) view were 0.15–0.34-fold those in the anteroposterior (AP) view. The effective dose in the PA view was 0.4–0.61-fold that in the AP view. BSD measurements were almost equivalent to the BODs obtained using PMC at all exposure settings. During FRs, the PA view without an anti-scatter grid significantly reduced the breast dose compared to the AP view with an anti-scatter grid.

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Lacey, Craig, Kirsti Gordon, and Colin Nalder. "Characterisation of 6MV and 10MV superficial build up dosimetry in tangential beam radiography." Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 6, no. 4 (December 2007): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396907006164.

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AbstractIntroduction: Although tangential radiotherapy is one of the major treatments for breast cancer, little has been done to address the skin toxicity and general dose inhomogeneity experienced in patients with larger breasts that are treated with 6MV photons. From our understanding of radiation in tissue at depth, it is proposed that 10MV photons could have a clear role in such patients through improved dose distribution. However, a greater build up depth with 10MV could mean that this energy is unacceptable.Aims: To quantify and characterise superficial build up dosimetry in tangential breast irradiation for 6MV and 10MV photons.Methods: Using Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLD’S), a comparative study was carried out investigating dose at a range of superficial depths in a phantom irradiated by tangential fields. Each delivering 2Gy for 6MV and 10MV photons.Results: There was a 0.10Gy difference in maximum dose over a depth of 10.8 mm between 6MV and 10MV photons, along with an average difference of dose at depth of 0.09Gy.Conclusion: Evidence has been obtained that eliminates comprise to superficial tissue if 10MV photons are used. Furthermore, reinforcement towards a more homogenous dose distribution with 10MV photons has been established.

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Kalnitsky, S. A., and E. R. Ladanova. "Exposure of the breast, corresponding radiation risks and radiation protection for women, undergoing conventional X-ray examinations." Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene 13, no. 3 (October 3, 2020): 110–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21514/1998-426x-2020-13-3-110-122.

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The purpose of this work is to investigative radiation protection of the female breast in different X-ray examinations, including radiography. It is actual, because Publication ICRP №103 takes female breast to maximum irradiating organs. Analysed: risk of ionizing radiation, FB cancer, volume and dynamics X-ray examinations, female breast organ dose and effective dose. In conformity with data of Publication ICRP №103, effective dose of patients at mammography increased in 2,4 time and reach 0,48 mSv for examination as compared with 0,20 mSv with data of Publication ICRP №60. It is shown, that among different cancer, female breast cancer takes first place and constancy increased. Quantity of mammograms for 10 years increased in 2 time and collective dose increased in 2 times at last 7 years. Female breast average organ dose in mammography is 0,96 mGy and effective dose 0,05 mSv. It is only a part of summary irradiation from all X-ray examinations. The average mean value female breast organ dose of all radiography is 1,84 mGy (anterio-posterior projection – 1,57 mGy, lateral – 2,91 mGy) and effective dose – 0,25 mSv (anterioposterior – 0,26 mSv, lateral – 0,17 mSv). Considerable female breast irradiation is caused by X-ray spine examinations (thorax and lumbar). It is necessary to ensure radiation protection of female breast in diagnostic radiology, including quality control and optimization. Also need to shut female breast by X-ray protection apron, particularly in the lateral projection.

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Candra, Lissiani, Arief Iskandar, Indrastuti Normahayu, Putra Suryana, and Nanik Setijowati. "Akurasi Indeks Singh Dibandingkan Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) dalam Evaluasi Osteoporosis." Jurnal Radiologi Indonesia 1, no. 1 (May 1, 2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33748/jradidn.v1i1.1.

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Background: Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease that commonly occurs, characterized by decreased bone mass and prone to fracture. Breast carcinoma patients have a higher risk developing osteoporosis, due to a decrease in estrogen levels resulting from the e?ect of a given treatment, thus early detection of osteoporosis is needed.Objective: To compare the accuracy of the Singh Index with DEXA as the gold standard in the evaluation of osteoporosis in breast carcinoma patients with positive estrogen receptor.Materials and method: This is a diagnostic test, comparing the accuracy of the Singh Index on hip joints radiography with DEXA in the evaluation of osteoporosis in 35 breast carcinoma patients with positive estrogen receptors who have been getting therapy. All patients were examined by hip joints radiography and DEXA. The result of hip joints radiography are read double-blindedly by 3 observers.Results: Examination of Singh Index compared with DEXA by using limit values of osteoporosis of ? 3 on Singh Index and ? -2.5 SD on T-score DEXA achieves the best sensitivity on total hip but low positive predictive value, whereas with the limit values of osteoporosis of ? 4 on Singh Index and ? -1 SD on T-score DEXA achieves most excellent sensitivity and accuracy at the femoral collum showing low bone mineral density.Conclusion: Singh Index has a low diagnostic value in screening osteoporosis, but can be used to assess low bone mineral density in breast carcinoma patients with estrogen receptor positive, especially in areas that do not have DEXA equipment

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Langen, H. J., S. Koehler, J. Bielmeier, R. Jocher, D. Kranzfelder, N. Jagusch, G. Treutlein, Th Wetzler, J. Müller, and G. Ott. "Microradiography of Microcalcifications in Breast Specimen: A New Histological Correlation Procedure and the Effect of Improved Resolution on Diagnostic Validity." Radiology Research and Practice 2012 (2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/526293.

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Introduction. Does high-resolution visualization of microcalcifications improve diagnostic reliability?Method. X-rays were taken of mamma specimens with microcalcifications in 32 patients (10 malignant; 22 benign) using conventional radiography (12 Lp/mm) and high-resolution radiography (2000 Lp/mm). Histological sections were subsequently prepared and correlated to the microradiographic image and every calcification was assigned an exact malignant or benign histological diagnosis. Five radiologists classified single groups of calcifications in both methods according to the BIRADS classification system.Results. Using microradiography microcalcifications can be shown in high resolution at the cell level including histological correlation. In some cases, the diagnostic validity was improved by the high resolution in microradiography. In other cases, the high resolution resulted in more visible calcifications, thus giving benign calcifications a malignant appearance. In the BIRADS 2 and 3 group, the probability of malignancy was 28.6% in the conventional radiography evaluation and 37.8% in the microradiography evaluation. In the BIRADS 4 and 5 group, the probability of malignancy was 34.2% in the conventional radiography evaluation and 24.4% in the microradiography evaluation. The differences were not significant.Summary. Overall, the improved resolution in microradiography did not show an improvement in diagnostic accuracy compared to conventional radiography.

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Stomper, PC, SP Davis, MR Sonnenfeld, JE Meyer, RA Greenes, and TJ Eberlein. "Efficacy of specimen radiography of clinically occult noncalcified breast lesions." American Journal of Roentgenology 151, no. 1 (July 1988): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.151.1.43.

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Maksimov, N., E. Shivilov, G. Kvetenadze, and K. Arslanov. "122P Dual plane intraoperative digital radiography in breast-conserving surgery." Annals of Oncology 33 (May 2022): S179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annonc.2022.03.139.

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FUJIWARA, Ikuya, Tadaki YASUMURA, and Takahiro OKA. "XERORADIOGRAPHY AND COMPUTED RADIOGRAPHY COMPARATIVE STUDYON DIGANOSIS FOR BREAST CANCER." Journal of the Japanese Practical Surgeon Society 51, no. 4 (1990): 634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3919/ringe1963.51.634.

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Cardenosa, G., and G. W. Eklund. "Paraffin block radiography following breast biopsies: use of orthogonal views." Radiology 180, no. 3 (September 1991): 873–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.180.3.1871310.

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Schmachtenberg, C., F. Engelken, T. Fischer, U. Bick, A. Poellinger, and E. Fallenberg. "Intraoperative Specimen Radiography in Patients with Nonpalpable Malignant Breast Lesions." RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren 184, no. 07 (May 22, 2012): 635–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1312730.

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Vitale, Valeria, Augusto Lombardi, Stefano Maggi, Gianluca Stanzani, Elena Pastore, Renato Oliva, Claudia Franceschilli, Marica Sammarco, Camilla Romano, and Claudio Amanti. "Margins in Breast Conservative Surgery: Use of Intraoperative Specimen Radiography." Journal of the American College of Surgeons 229, no. 4 (October 2019): e80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.08.930.

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Nachalwe, Chipampe Mercy, and Osward Bwanga. "Impact and challenges of consultancy role regarding the delivery of breast imaging services in the United Kingdom: consultant breast radiographers' perspective." Medical Journal of Zambia 48, no. 1 (April 7, 2021): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.55320/mjz.48.1.54.

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Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in women worldwide. Imaging and radiographers play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. With the increase in demand and a shortage of radiologists in the UK, consultant breast radiographers were introduced to perform some roles previously performed by radiologists. However, there is a scarcity of researchto assist other countries, such as Zambia, who are planning to extend the role of radiographers.Objective: To explore the impact and challenges of the radiography consultancy role regarding the delivery of breast imaging services in the United Kingdom.Methods: The study was guided by a qualitative research design. The sample was purposively selected, and semi-structured interviews was used to collect data from consultant breast radiographers in the UK. Data saturation was reached after interviewing eight participants. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and data analysed thematically.Results:Two themes were identified: the impact and challenges of the radiography consultancy role regarding the delivery of imaging breast services. The creation of consultant posts impacted positively on the service delivery: reduction in patient waiting times, career progression and job satisfaction, and reduction in the workload of radiologists. Participants also faced challenges: increased workload and time pressure, isolation and poor support from colleagues, and animosity from a few radiologists.Conclusion: It is evident that consultant breast radiographers have contributed greatly to improved healthcare delivery. However, consultant breast radiographers encounter challenges in their role as consultants. Radiographers undertaking new roles should be supported to improve the delivery of imaging services.

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Vicko, Ferenc, Zoran Radovanovic, Tatjana Ivkovic-Kapicl, Dragana Djilas, Dejan Lukic, Milanka Tatic, and Tatjana Petrovic. "Intraoperative digital specimen radiography in the treatment of nonpalpable breast lesions." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 145, no. 7-8 (2017): 378–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh161215071v.

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Introduction/Objective. About a third of the breast lesions on mammography are clinically occult. The goals of surgical treatment are to locate, remove, and verify their presence in the removed breast tissue. Standard specimen mammography (SSM) has been an official procedure for the latter, while intraoperative digital specimen radiography (IDSR) was introduced recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of IDSR versus SSM and possible benefits regarding the duration of the procedures (operating room occupancy), availability of digital mammography for additional number of patients, surgeon productivity, and the quality of performed services. Methods. A retrospective chart review of 109 patients who underwent IDSR for nonpalpable breast lesions was performed between January 2014 and June 2016. We compared the difference in the duration of IDSR versus SSM procedure. We also observed the number of re-excisions and evaluated time-saving in the operating room workflow. Results. The average duration of surgery in the IDSR group of patients was 51 minutes, compared to 64 minutes in the SSM group. Every IDSR procedure saved 13 minutes over the standard SSM. That would allow another 28 procedures in the same time frame, with the same quality of service compared with SSM. In that way we increased productivity by 27.5%. Additional operation/surgery was needed for histologically involved surgical margins in three cases (2.75%). Conclusion. The use of new technology resulted in the rationalization of the operative room workflow and gave better productivity. More savings were obtained through the increase of digital mammography capacity for diagnostics, decrease of anesthesia duration, and better management of human resources. The number of ?true? re-excisions, involving additional surgery, remained similar after introducing IDSR.

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Cirstoiu, Monica, Octavian Munteanu, Oana Bodean, Florina Paulet, Bogdan Șerban, Bogdan Cretu, and Cătălin Cirstoiu. "Incidence and location of bone metastases in breast cancer." Romanian Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rojost-2019-0006.

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AbstractThis report represents an analysis of 19 confirmed cases of breast cancer throughout a period of 14 months (January 2018 - February 2019), in which we assessed the incidence and sites of osseous metastases, in correlation with their histopathologic classification. This retrospective analysis is based on medical imaging techniques (X-ray radiography and nuclear medicine functional imaging).

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Jamaris, Suniza, Leyla Akpolat-Basci, Miltiades Stephanou, Sarah Wetzig, Yueksel Cubuk, Johannes Gerharz, Ann-Kathrin Bittner, Mee Hoong See, Cornelia Liedtke, and Hans-Christian Kolberg. "Re-Excision Rates in Breast-Conserving Surgery for Invasive Breast Cancer after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with and without the Use of a Radiopaque Tissue Transfer and X-ray System." Breast Care 14, no. 5 (November 14, 2018): 302–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000493017.

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Background: Significant re-excision rates in breast-conserving surgery (BCS) after neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy may result from difficulties in defining the surgical target particularly in cases with excellent treatment response. Devices allowing an exact topographic localisation of the lesion in the resected tissue could reduce re-excision rates by optimising the intraoperative detection of involved margins. Methods: 80 patients with invasive breast cancer receiving BCS after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were included in this non-randomized case-control study. 40 patients with specimen radiography performed in a standard approach (control group) were compared to 40 patients with use of a radiopaque tissue transfer system (study group). Results: 19/80 (23.75%) patients required re-excision because of involved margins; among those, 14/40 (35%) were in the control group and 5/40 (12.5%) in the study group. The association between the use of the radiopaque tissue transfer system and the lower re-excision rate was statistically significant (p = 0.023). Conclusion: Our analysis provides a rationale for the routine use of a radiopaque tissue transfer system for specimen radiography in BCS after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for invasive breast cancer in order to reduce re-excision rates.

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Kim, Ji Young, Yong Sik Jung, Se Hwan Han, Ji Hyun Sung, and Min Hee Hur. "Indications and methods of intraoperative specimen radiography in breast-conserving surgery." Translational Cancer Research 9, no. 11 (November 2020): 6625–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tcr-20-2859.

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Rebner, M., DR Pennes, DE Baker, DD Adler, and P. Boyd. "Two-view specimen radiography in surgical biopsy of nonpalpable breast masses." American Journal of Roentgenology 149, no. 2 (August 1987): 283–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.149.2.283.

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Rauch, Thomas, Jens Rieger, Georg Pelzer, Florian Horn, Ramona Erber, Marius Wunderle, Julius Emons, et al. "Discrimination analysis of breast calcifications using x‐ray dark‐field radiography." Medical Physics 47, no. 4 (February 21, 2020): 1813–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mp.14043.

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Nakamura, Tokiko, Shoichi Suzuki, Kyoichi Kato, Sachila Niroshani, Toru Negishi, and Ryusuke Irie. "Half-value Layer Measurement Method for Routine Management of Digital-breast-tomosynthesis-equipped Breast Radiography Systems." Sensors and Materials 34, no. 11 (November 8, 2022): 3949. http://dx.doi.org/10.18494/sam4096.

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Oh, H., S. Sung, S. Lim, Y. Jung, Y. Cho, and K. Lee. "Restrainer exposure to scatter radiation in practical small animal radiography measured using thermoluminescent dosimeters." Veterinární Medicína 63, No. 2 (February 22, 2018): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/115/2017-vetmed.

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This study was aimed at estimating restrainer exposure to scatter radiation in veterinary radiography using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) in different positions, and at different anatomic regions. A prospective study was conducted to measure exposure dose of two restrainers: A (cathode side) and B (anode side), and an observer C (at a 1-meter distance from the X-ray table) over two months. Protective devices included panorama mask, thyroid shield and arm shield. TLDs were placed on the inside and outside of the protective gear at five different anatomic sites (eye, thyroid, breast, gonad and arm). The study data consisted of 778 exposures, 82 patients (78 dogs, four cats), a mean kVp of 58.7 and a mean mAs of 11.4. The doses (outside the shield/inside the shield, in mSv) measured by restrainers A, B and C were eye (3.04/0.42), (2.29/0.17), (0.55/0.01), thyroid (2.93/0.01), (1.97/0.01), (0.19/0.01), breast (1.01/0.04), (0.73/0.01), (0.32/0.01), gonad (0.07/0.01), (0.01/0.01), (0.16/0.01) and arm (2.81/1.43), (1.17/0.01), (0.08/0.01), respectively. This study describes the extent of occupational radiation exposure in small animal radiography. The exposure dose for eyes outside lead protection showed the highest value in all participants. With lead protection, the reduction in the exposure dose of eyes was significant (A: 86%, B: 93%, C: 98%), and the highest reduction was 99% in the thyroid region. These results suggest the necessity of radiation shields in manual restraint, particularly for eye protection.

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Budidarmawan, Muhammad Ridwan Eko, Fatimah Fatimah, and Sugiyanto Sugiyanto. "PROSEDUR PEMERIKSAAN RADIOGRAFI VERTEBRA THORAKOLUMBAL PADA KLINIS SKOLIOSIS." JRI (Jurnal Radiografer Indonesia) 5, no. 1 (May 29, 2022): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.55451/jri.v5i1.103.

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The procedure of radiographic examination of thoracolumbar vertebrae of scoliosis according to Lampignano and Kendrick (2018), journal by Gray (1983) and journal by Levy (1996) in erect patient position further recommends the PA projections because the dose to organs that are sensitive to radiation such as breast, thyroid and gonad and the risk of getting cancer in these organs is significantly reduced compared to AP projections. While the procedure for radiographic examination of thoracolumbar vertebrae of scoliosis in the Radiology Installation RSUD Bendan Pekalongan uses AP and AP right and left bending projections in erect patient position. This study aims to determine the radiographic examination procedures of thoracolumbar vertebrae in scoliosis and the reasons for using AP and AP right and left bending projections in erect patient position. This type of research is a qualitative research with a case study approach. Data was collected in March-April 2020 in the Radiology Installation RSUD Bendan Pekalongan by observation, interview and documentation. Research subjects are patients, radiographers, radiology specialists, and sending doctors. The data obtained were processed and analyzed using open coding and then presented in the form of images, plot and quotations so that conclusions can be drawn. The results showed that the thoracolumbar vertebra radiographic examination procedure in scoliosis clinical in Radiology Installation RSUD Bendan Pekalongan used AP and right and left bending AP projections in erect position because to place the object as close as possible to IR with the hope to minimize the magnification of the object on the radiograph and has been informative to assess the cobb angle in scoliosis curvature. The suggestion from the author is that Radiology Installation should coordinate with related parties such as radiology specialists, radiographers and sending doctors in order to determine what projections are needed in the case of scoliosis because there are many projections on the scoliosis radiography examination.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Breast – Radiography'

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