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Brown, Richard George. "Three-dimensional motion capture for the DIET breast cancer imaging system." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mechanical Engineering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1250.
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Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer in the world today. The search for effective treatment and screening methods is a highly active area of research. The Digital Image-based ElastoTomography (DIET) project is a new breast cancer screening system under development, where surface motion from the mechanically actuated breast is measured in 3D, and used as input to an inverse problem solving for breast elasticity. Cancerous lesions appear as high contrast features, being an order of magnitude stiffer than healthy tissue. The 3D motion capture is measured by an array of digital cameras using computer vision techniques. This thesis presents a complete imaging system and algorithms for the capture of 3D breast surface motion. The main components of the 3D motion capture system are the hardware and software image capture system, camera calibration, intra-image feature tracking, and 3D surface and motion reconstruction. Accurate algorithms for each of these components are developed, with a view to future development and potential modifications needed for a clinically-appropriate system. A number of the algorithms developed have potential applications outside of the DIET system. Proof of concept studies demonstrate the viability of the system, with full motion reconstruction being performed on silicone gel phantoms, designed to approximate human soft tissue, in a number of laboratory experiments.
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Kashif, Amer Sohail. "Imaging technology for digital image based motion detection in the DIET breast cancer screening system." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mechanical Engineering, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8539.
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Breast cancer is a major health problem across the globe. Many incidences in the underdeveloped nations go unreported, due to non-availability or lack of access to breast screening programs. Mammography, the current gold standard for breast screening, comes with several inherent limitations in terms of cost, radiation exposure, and associated discomfort. The cost of equipment and personnel alone puts mammography out of reach for most developing nations. Hence, there is a great and growing need for an adjunct breast screening modality, within reach of general masses, especially in the overpopulated, underdeveloped countries.
Digital Image Elasto Tomography (DIET) is intended to be a low cost, radiation free, noninvasive and portable breast cancer screening modality that will be accessible to the general population and will encourage more women to undergo breast screening. The DIET imaging concept induces mechanical vibrations into a breast and its surface motion is captured with digital cameras and reconstructed in 3D, for elastic characterization of the breast tissues. Ex-vivo trials and limited in-vivo trials show promise in breast cancer diagnostic evaluation.
The current DIET system is, as noted, functional, but not suitable for wide scale screening. There are significant development issues in hardware, software and algorithms required to improve its speed of testing and quality of diagnostic results. The main aim of this thesis is to overcome these issues taking the DIET system from the lab to a more directly useful and usable system.
This thesis presents a complete design development and analysis of the DIET clinical system, developing a prototype suitable for large-scale in-vivo trials, to establish the sensitivity and specificity of this novel technology. The major components of this research are development, of the imaging array to capture surface motion, strobe illumination for reliable image capture, actuation system to vibrate the breast harmonically, remote positioning of the actuator, ergonomic design of the imaging device, and the development of a graphical interface for easy operation of the system. Moreover, anthropomorphic silicone breast phantoms suitable for diagnostic evaluation of elastographic imaging modalities, including DIET and MRE are also presented. A new approach in software based DIET diagnosis through separate modal analysis, focusing on the second natural frequency of the breast, is also presented. Finally, the new DIET technology developed is validated ex-vivo, using two different diagnostic techniques. The trials results are positive and demonstrate viability of this new technology for commercialization. All of these aspects have advanced the clinical and technological future of this overall DIET system concept.
The overall thesis makes several technical advances necessary to advance the DIET concept from a purely research concept to clinical feasibility. These advances are coupled within an advanced design to create an all new clinical prototype system. The final, validated result shows the clinical potential, both ex-vivo and in-vivo, and clinical feasibility of the DIET concept and this research.
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Abdullah, A. K. "The impact of simulated motion blur on breast cancer detection performance in full field digital mammography (FFDM)." Thesis, University of Salford, 2018. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/47158/.
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Objective: Full-field Digital Mammography (FFDM) is employed in breast screening for the early detection of breast cancer. High quality, artefact free, diagnostic images are crucial to the accuracy of this process. Unwanted motion during the image acquisition phase and subsequent image blurring is an unfortunate occurrence in some FFDM images. The research detailed in this thesis seeks to understand the impact of motion blur on cancer detection performance in FFDM images using novel software to perform simulation of motion, an observer study to measure the lesion detection performance and physical measures to assess the impact of simulated motion blur on image characteristics of the lesions. Method: Seven observers (15±5 years’ reporting experience) evaluated 248 cases (62 containing malignant masses, 62 containing malignant microcalcifications and 124 normal cases) for three conditions: no motion blur (0.0 mm) and two magnitudes of simulated motion blur (0.7 mm and 1.5 mm). Abnormal cases were biopsy proven. A free-response observer study was conducted to compare lesion detection performance for the three conditions. Equally weighted jackknife alternative free-response receiver operating characteristic (wJAFROC) was used as the figure of merit. A secondary analysis of data was deemed important to simulate ‘double reporting’. In this secondary analysis, six of the observers are combined with the seventh observer to evaluate the impact of combined free-response data for lesion detection and to assess if combined two observers data could reduce the impact of simulated motion blur on detection performance. To compliment this, the physical characteristics of the lesions were obtained under the three conditions in order to assess any change in characteristics of the lesions when blur is present in the image. The impact of simulated motion blur on physical characteristics of malignant masses was assessed using a conspicuity index; for microcalcifications, a new novel metric, known as dispersion index, was used. Results: wJAFROC analysis found a statistically significant difference in lesion detection performance for both masses (F (2,22) = 6.01, P=0.0084) and microcalcifications (F(2,49) = 23.14, P < 0.0001). For both lesion types, the figure of merit reduced as the magnitude of simulated motion blur increased. Statistical differences were found between some of the pairs investigated for the detection of masses (0.0mm v 0.7mm, and 0.0mm v 1.5mm) and all pairs for microcalcifications (0.0 mm v 0.7 mm, 0.0 mm v 1.5 mm, and 0.7 mm v 1.5 mm). No difference was detected between 0.7 mm and 1.5 mm for masses. For combined two observers’ data of masses, there was no statistically significant difference between single and combined free-response data for masses (F(1,6) = 4.04, p=0.1001, -0.031 (-0.070, 0.008) [treatment difference (95% CI)]. For combined data of microcalcifications, there was a statistically significant difference between single and combined free-response data (F(1,6) = 12.28, p=0.0122, -0.056 (-0.095, -0.017) [treatment difference (95% CI)]. Regarding the physical measures of masses, conspicuity index increases as the magnitude of simulated motion blur increases. Statistically significant differences were demonstrated for 0.0–0.7 mm t(22)=-6.158 (p < 0.000); 0.0–1.5 mm t(22)=-6.273 (p < 0.000); and 0.7–1.5 mm (t(22)=-6.231 (p < 0.000). Lesion edge angle decreases as the magnitude of simulated motion blur increases. Statistically significant differences were demonstrated for 0.0–0.7 mm t(22)=3.232 (p < 0.004); for 0.0–1.5 mm t(22)=6.592 (p < 0.000); and 0.7–1.5mm t(22)=2.234 (p < 0.036). For the grey level change there was no statistically significant difference as simulated motion blur increases to 0.7 and then to 1.5mm. For image noise there was a statistically significant difference, where noise reduced as simulated motion blur increased: 0.0–0.7 mm t(22)=22.95 (p < 0.000); 0.0–1.5mm t(22)=24.66 (p < 0.000); 0.7–1.5 mm t(22)=18.11 (p < 0.000). For microcalcifications, simulated motion blur had a negative impact on the ‘dispersion index’. Conclusion: Mathematical simulations of motion blur resulted in a statistically significant reduction in lesion detection performance. This reduction in performance could have implications for clinical practice. Simulated motion blur has a negative impact on the edge angle of breast masses and a negative impact on the image characteristics of microcalcifications. These changes in the image lesion characteristics appear to have a negative effect on the visual identification of breast cancer.
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Bicer, Elif. "Effekterna av fysisk aktivitet under cytostatikabehandling hos patienter med bröstcancer : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-39152.
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Bröstcancer är en av de vanligaste cancerformerna bland kvinnor, både i Sverige och globalt. Sjukdomen i sig och biverkningar av cytostatikabehandlingen påverkar hälsan och välbefinnandet hos kvinnor med allt från viktökning och smärta till fatigue och depression. Kan fysisk aktivitet leda till gynnsamma effekter hos bröstcancerpatienter under cytostatikabehandling med tanke på att fysisk aktivitet har många positiva hälsoeffekter hos friska personer? Syfte: Att undersöka effekterna av fysiskt aktivitet hos kvinnor som behandlas med cytostatika för bröstcancer. Metod: En litteraturstudie byggd på Polit och Beck (2012) niostegsmodell. Sökningen genomfördes i två databaser; CINAHL och PubMed. Dessa sökningar resulterade i 13 kvantitativa artiklar som sedan sorterades under åtta olika teman. Resultat: Fysisk aktivitet bidrog till att förbättra den fysiska funktionen, självkänslan, humöret, kognitiv funktionen, sömnkvaliteten och livskvaliteten. Fysisk aktivitet under cytostatikabehandling resulterade även en ökning i muskelstyrka och muskelmassa. Fysisk aktivitet hjälpte i stort sätt att behålla kroppsvikt och sammansättning vid basline nivåer, men däremot sågs ingen effekt på bentäthet. Fysik aktivitet visade sig också lindra svåra behandlingsrelaterade symtom som cancerrelaterad fatigue, smärta, illamående och kräkningar, vilket i sin tur ökade patienternas förmåga att slutföra cytostatikabehandling samt förbättrade överlevnaden. Slutsats: Bröstcancerpatienter bör undvika fysisk inaktivitet under cytostatikabehandling. Fysisk aktivitet visade sig ha positiva effekter på den fysiska och psykiska hälsan och välbefinnandet samt symtomlindring och symtomhantering och bidrog därmed till en ökad livskvalitet under cytostatikabehandling hos bröstcancerpatienter.
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Ncuti, Nobera Alain-Klaus. "Evaluation of Data-Driven Gating for 68Ga-ABY-025 PET/CT in Breast Cancer Patients." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172663.
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Respiratory motion during PET acquisition degrades image quality. It is mainly the area around the thorax and abdomen which is affected. External devices do provide respiratory gating solutions but are time-consuming to set up on patients and may not always be available. A data-driven gating (DDG) method based on principal component analysis (PCA) was found to provide a reliable respiratory gating signal, discriminating the need for external gating systems with FDG, but it remains to be investigated how well it performs with other PET tracers. The HER2-targeting radiotracer 68Ga-ABY-025 is currently in phase 3 development and is aimed to develop methods to select breast cancer patients that benefit from HER2-targeted treatment. Hence, absolute quantification is important. Respiratory motion correction will be important for improved quantitative accuracy since many patients have metastases in the lower part of the lungs or the liver. DDG was applied to PET/CT list mode data retrospectively using quiescent period gating. Gated images were then compared to reconstructions without gating with a matched number of coincidences. Two iterative reconstructions were evaluated, TOF OSEM (3 iterations, 16 subsets, and a 5 mm gaussian postprocessing filter) and TOF BSREM β 400. Images were evaluated for standardized uptake value (SUV) changes for well-defined lesions in thorax and abdomen where respiratory motion is prevalent. Respiratory motion was detected in a mean 2.1 bed positions per examination. DDG application resulted in a mean increase of 12.7% in SUVmax for TOF OSEM reconstruction (p=0.0156).
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Kershaw, Helen Elizabeth. "Reconstruction of mechanical properties from surface-based motion data for Digital Image Elasto-Tomography using an implicit surface representation of breast tissue structure." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mechanical Engineering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7271.
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There has been great interest in recent times in the use of elastography for the characterization of human tissue. Digital Image Elasto-Tomography is a novel breast cancer pre-screening technique under development at the University of Canterbury, which aims to identify and locate stiff areas within the breast that require further investigation using images of the surface motion alone. A calibrated array of five digital cameras is used to capture surface motion of the breast under harmonic actuation. The forward problem, that is the resulting motion for a given mechanical property distribution, is calculated using the Finite Element Method. The inverse problem is to find the mechanical properties which reproduce the measured surface motion through numerical simulation. A reconstruction algorithm is developed using a shape based description to reduce the number of parameters in the inverse problem. A parallel Genetic Algorithm is developed for parameter optimization. A geometric method termed Fitness Function Analysis is shown to improve the inclusion location optimization problem. The ensemble of solutions generated using the Genetic Algorithm is used to produce an optimal and a credible region for inclusion location. Successful single frequency phantom reconstructions are presented. An effective way of combining information from multi-frequency phantom data by examining the characteristics of the measured surface motion using data quality metrics is developed and used to produce improved reconstructions. Results from numerical simulation datasets and a two inclusion phantom used to test the optimization of multiple and ellipsoidal inclusions indicate that although two inclusions can be successfully reconstructed, the single inclusions assumption may suffice even in irregular, heterogeneous cases. This assumption was used to successfully locate the stiffest inclusion in a phantom containing multiple inclusions of differing stiffness based on three multi-frequency datasets. The methods developed in phantoms are applied to three in vivo cases for both single and multi-frequency data with limited success.
This thesis builds on previous work undertaken at the University of Canterbury. The original contributions in this work are as follows. A new reconstruction algorithm combining a genetic algorithm with fitness function analysis is developed. The most realistic tissue mimicking phantoms to date are used. An ellipsoidal shape-based description is presented, and applied to the first multi-inclusion reconstructions in DIET. This work presents the first reconstruction using meshes created directly from data using a meshing algorithm developed by Jonas Biehler. A multi-frequency cost function is developed to produce the first multi-frequency and in vivo reconstructions using DIET data.
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Fisher, Mary Insana. "A COMPARISON OF UPPER EXTREMITY FUNCTION BETWEEN FEMALE BREAST CANCER SURVIVORS AND HEALTHY CONTROLS: TYPICAL SELF- REPORT OF FUNCTION, MOTION, STRENGTH AND MUSCULAR ENDURANCE." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/rehabsci_etds/11.
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Many women who have experienced breast cancer (BC) report continued impairments in upper extremity (UE) function beyond the time required for normal healing after surgical treatment. Most research supporting this has not made comparisons between survivors of breast cancer (BCS) to a sample of healthy women. This lack of comparison to a healthy cohort prevents an understanding of whether continued deficits in UE function are due to normal aging or the BC treatment.
The purpose of this research was to compare quality of life (QOL) and UE function among long term breast cancer survivors and similar aged women without cancer. Both self-report and objective measurements of UE function were used to create an understanding of UE functional abilities in both populations.
Data on self-reported QOL and UE function, ROM, strength, and muscular endurance were collected on 79 healthy women ages 30-69, stratified by decade. Comparisons between decades and between dominant and non-dominant limbs were made. Findings supported no effect of aging on measures, and that dominance does affect some objective measures of motion, strength, and muscular endurance.
A group of 42 survivors of breast cancer (BCS) were compared to the data from healthy controls on the same measures. BCS reported lower levels of QOL and UE function, and demonstrated less motion and strength than the healthy cohort, particularly when cancer occurred on the non-dominant limb. The values of the measures, however, are not clinically relevant, and reveal that BCS 6 years after treatment recover UE function to levels similar to healthy controls.
In view of a lack of clinically feasible measures of UE muscular endurance, a new test to assess this was designed and implemented: the modified Upper Body Strength and Endurance test (mUBSE). It was believed this new test would be less variable than the Functional Impairment Test – Hand and Neck, Shoulder, Arm – FIT-HaNSA. Seventeen BCS and 17 matched controls were compared on the mUBSE and FIT-HaNSA. Findings were similar for both tests. Furthermore, BCS who are 6 years post BC treatment appear to recover muscular endurance levels to normal ranges.
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Oliveira, Riza Rute de 1984. "Recuperação da amplitude de movimento do ombro em mulheres submetidas a mastectomia radical e reconstrução mamaria imediata." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310521.
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Orientador: Luis Otavio SarianDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: Objetivo: Determinar a associação entre reconstrução mamária imediata após mastectomia radical com a recuperação da amplitude de movimento (ADM) do ombro. Sujeitos e Métodos: Estudo prospectivo do qual participaram 89 mulheres submetidas à mastectomia radical modificada (MRM), 42 destas com reconstrução mamária imediata (MRM+RI). Foram realizadas avaliações pósoperatórias semanais da amplitude de movimento do ombro no transcurso da fisioterapia (4 semanas). Os resultados da amplitude de abdução e flexão do ombro, em graus, do membro superior ipsilateral à cirurgia foram comparados nos grupos em função das variáveis independentes e de controle. Foi aplicado modelo de regressão logística para comparação das características clínicas e epidemiológicas das mulheres nos dois grupos. Foram então calculados médias e desvios-padrão dos valores de flexão e abdução do ombro em função das características clínicas e epidemiológicas. As médias destes valores foram comparadas em modelo multivariado de análise de co-variância. Foram produzidos gráficos de interação levando em consideração o grupo (com ou sem reconstrução) e os valores médios da variação em graus de flexão e abdução nas quatro avaliações. Foi então realizada análise multivariada de variância para medidas repetidas para avaliação dos efeitos do grupo (com ou sem reconstrução) e do tempo na recuperação da ADM de abdução e flexão. Resultados: A maior parte (78%) das reconstruções foi realizada com a técnica de transposição do músculo grande dorsal com inserção de prótese siliconada. A realização de reconstrução mamária imediata não esteve relacionada com maior déficit de flexão ou abdução em qualquer dos momentos estudados. Tabagismo e presença um ou mais cordões linfáticos axilares apresentaram maiores déficits de flexão ao final da série de avaliações (p=0,01, p=0,03, respectivamente). Mulheres com um ou mais cordões linfáticos axilares apresentaram maior déficit de abdução no final da seqüência de avaliações (p=0,03). Houve relação significativamente positiva entre o tempo de pós-operatório e a recuperação da ADM de abdução (p<0,01) e flexão (p<0,01). Mulheres submetidas ou não à reconstrução imediata não diferiram em relação ao tempo e à recuperação da abdução (p=0,85) e flexão (p=0,74). Conclusões: A reconstrução mamária imediata não esteve relacionada com o tempo e com a recuperação da ADM de flexão ou abdução do ombro. Tabagismo e presença de um ou mais cordões linfáticos axilares estiveram negativamente relacionados com o processo de recuperação da flexão ou da abdução do ombro ipsilateral à cirurgia.
Abstract: Objective: To assess the implications of immediate breast reconstruction following radical mastectomy on shoulder range of motion (ROM). Subjects and methods: This was a prospective study on 89 women that underwent modified radical mastectomy (RM), 42 of whom with immediate breast reconstruction (RM+IBR). Postoperative weekly assessments of shoulder ROM were performed for 4 weeks. Flexion and abduction ranges of motion of the shoulder ipsilateral to the affected breast were compared between the study groups. A multivariate logistic regression model was fit to compare the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the women between the study groups. A multivariate co-variance model was produced to evaluate whether the flexion and abduction capacities were related to the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the women. Interaction graphics were produced in order to graphically assess whether the recovery of the flexion and abduction capacities was different between the study groups. Finally, a multivariate analysis of variance for repeated measurements was performed in order to assess the group (with or without IBR) and time effects on the recovery of shoulder ROM. Results: Most (78%) of the reconstructive procedures were performed according to the Latissimus Dorsi Flap technique with silicone-gel implant. IBR was not related to the deficit in flexion or abduction of the shoulder at any of the study weekly assessments. Smoking behavior and presence of painful axillary cords were related to a higher deficit in shoulder abduction and flexion (P<0.01). IBR was not related to the time and intensity of the recovery of shoulder abduction (p=0.85) and flexion (p=0.74). Conclusions: IBR was not related to the flexion or abduction capacity of the shoulder. Smoking and the presence of painful axillary cords were negatively associated with the recovery of shoulder ROM after mastectomy.
Mestrado
Mestre em Tocoginecologia
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Marx, Angela Gonçalves. "Estudo sobre a intervenção fisioterapêutica precoce e tardia na morbidade de membro superior pós-tratamento de câncer de mama." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5155/tde-02042007-133846/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: O tratamento do câncer de mama está associado à morbidade do membro superior, com complicações que têm um impacto significante na qualidade de vida das pacientes. O OBJETIVO deste trabalho foi traçar um protocolo de tratamento fisioterapêutico para prevenir as morbidades após cirurgia de câncer de mama. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Este estudo avaliou 132 mulheres com a intervenção da fisioterapia em dois momentos: no primeiro pós-operatório (PO) e entre o 10º - 15º dia do PO. Reavaliações foram feitas nos meses 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 e após um ano do PO. RESULTADOS: O grupo de intervenção precoce mostrou uma recuperação mais rápida da amplitude de movimentos e apresentou menor morbidade em relação ao grupo tardio. CONCLUSÃO: O protocolo fisioterapêutico preconizado, tanto precoce quanto tardio, é eficaz. A recuperação da função do membro superior e o menor índice de morbidades mostram que a fisioterapia deve sempre ser instituída nas pacientes que se submetem à cirurgia de câncer de mama.INTRODUCTION: The breast cancer treatment is always linked with the morbidity of the upper limb with complications that will have an enormous impact in the quality of life of the patients submitted to breast cancer treatment. Objective : the objective of this study was to develop a physiotherapy protocol in order to prevent morbidities after breast cancer treatment METHODS: This study evaluated 132 patients submitted to physiotherapy sessions in two different moments: 1 st day post surgery and at the 10-15 th day . Follow-ups were made on months 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and after a year. RESULTS: The earlier group showed a faster recovery of arm range of motion and had less arm morbidity. CONCLUSÃO: O RESULTS: G1 showed a faster flexion and abduction ROM recovery and had less morbidity as compared to the other group. The arm circumferences in the early intervention group had lower values as compared to the late intervention group. CONCLUSION: The physiotherapy protocol used in the study showed its efficacy. The upper arm ROM was recovered and both groups had less arm morbidity.
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Reese, Cassandra L. "Breath in Motion: Breath Awareness Design Research Study." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1493048215472907.
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Oliveira, Riza Rute de 1984. "Amplitude de movimento do ombro, complicações pós-operatórias e qualidade de vida de mulheres submetidas à mastectomia e reconstrução mamária imediata = Shoulder range of motion, postoperative complications and quality of life in women treated with mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310525.
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Orientador: Luis Otavio Zanatta SarianTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar prospectivamente a recuperação da amplitude de movimento do ombro (ADM), a frequência das complicações pós-operatórias e a qualidade de vida (QV) de mulheres mastectomizadas(M) submetidas ou não à reconstrução mamária imediata (RI). Sujeitos e métodos: Foram incluídas mulheres operadas no Hospital da Mulher Prof. Dr. José Aristodemo Pinotti (CAISM/UNICAMP) entre setembro de 2007 a junho de 2009. A parte destinada à avaliação da ADM e das complicações, foi formada de 104 mulheres mastectomizadas, 47 delas com reconstrução por meio do músculo grande dorsal (M+RI). A ADM foi avaliada através de goniometria. As complicações (aderência tecidual, deiscência, web síndrome e dor) foram avaliadas por inspeção, palpação e Escala Análoga Visual. As avaliações foram realizadas na internação, antes da cirurgia, e repetidas após 1,3,6 e 12 meses. A estatística foi realizada através do programa R, com níveis de significância de 5%. Análise de covariância (ANCOVA) foi utilizada para a comparação dos valores médios das ADMs do ombro (em graus, dicotomizada em flexão e abdução) entre os grupos (M+RI ou M). Análise de variância multivariada (MANOVA), para medidas repetidas, foi utilizada para a avaliação da recuperação da ADM ao longo do pós-operatório, em até 12 meses. Testes qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher foram utilizados para avaliar a frequência das complicações. Na parte do estudo destinada à QV, foram selecionadas 76 mulheres mastectomizadas (41 delas submetidas a qualquer tipo de reconstrução mamária imediata), que responderam ao questionário WHOQOL-100 na internação e após 1 e 6 meses de cirurgia. A análise foi realizada conforme roteiro da OMS, escrito em sintaxe para o programa estatístico SPSS. Para análise comparativa entre grupos foram utilizados os testes t de student, exato de Fisher, qui-quadrado e Mann-Whitney quando os dados eram paramétricos. Para análise de medidas repetidas (ao longo do tempo) foi utilizado ANOVA e em caso de dados não paramétricos, ANOVA de Friedman. Resultados: Realizar reconstrução com GD não esteve relacionado com restrição nas ADMs de flexão (p=0,24) ou abdução (p=0,08). Após 12 meses, mulheres reconstruídas apresentam melhores ADMs de flexão (169º no grupo M+RI versus 158º no grupo M; p<0,.01) e abdução (172º no grupo M+RI versus 160º no grupo M; p=0,01). Ao longo do tempo, ambos os grupos obtiveram melhora da ADM de forma significativa (p<0,01). Deiscência e aderência foram significativamente menos frequentes no grupo M+RI (51,8% vs 22,2%; p=0,009; 25,0% versus 5,0%; p=0,032, respectivamente). Com relação à QV, o grupo reconstruído apresentou melhor pontuação no domínio psicológico (p=0,0401); em ambos os grupos houve redução significativa do nível de independência no primeiro mês pós-operatório (p=0,0004), com recuperação significativa após 6 meses (p=0,0218). Conclusões: RI pelo GD não restringe a recuperação da ADM e está associado com menor frequência de aderência e deiscência cicatricial. Mulheres reconstruídas são mais favorecidas nos aspectos psicológicos da QV
Abstract: Objective: To prospectively evaluate the recovery of shoulder range of motion (ROM), the frequency of postoperative complications and quality of life (QOL) of women who underwent mastectomy (M) or not immediate breast reconstruction (IR). Subjects and Methods: We included women operated in the Women's Hospital Prof. Dr. José Aristodemo Pinotti (CAISM / UNICAMP) between September 2007 and June 2009. The part of the study devoted to the assessment of ADM and complications, was formed of 104 women who underwent mastectomy, 47 of them with reconstruction by latissimus dorsi muscle (M + IR). ADM was assessed by goniometry. Complications (tissue adherence, dehiscence, web syndrome and pain) were assessed by inspection, palpation and Visual Analogue Scale. Evaluations were performed on admission, before surgery, and again after 1,3,6 and 12 months. Statistical analysis was performed using the R program, with significance levels of 5%. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare mean values of shoulder ROM (in degrees dichotomized into flexion and abduction) between the groups (M+RI or M). Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) for repeated measures was used to assess the recovery of ROM during the postoperative period, within 12 months. Chi-square and Fisher's exact test were used to evaluate the frequency of complications. In the part of the study aimed at evaluating QOL, we selected 76 women who underwent mastectomy (41 of them underwent any kind of immediate breast reconstruction), who responded to the questionnaire WHOQOL-100 on admission and after 1 and 6 months after surgery. The analysis was performed according to the WHO script, written in the syntax for SPSS. For comparison between groups we used the Student t test, Fisher exact test, chi-square and Mann-Whitney. For analysis of repeated measures (over time) ANOVA was used and in case of non-parametric data, Friedman ANOVA. Results: Performing reconstruction with GD was not related to restriction on flexion (p = 0.24) or abduction (p = 0.08). After 12 months, women who underwent reconstruction showed better flexion (169 in group M + RI versus 158 in group M, p <0.01) and abduction (172 in group M + RI versus 160 ° in group M, p = 0.01). Over time, both groups showed significant improvement of shoulder ROM (p <0.01). Dehiscence and adherence were significantly less frequent in the group M + RI (51.8% vs 22.2%, p = 0.009, 25.0% versus 5.0%, p = 0.032, respectively). Regarding QOL, the reconstructed group showed better scores in the psychological domain (p = 0.0401); in both groups there has been a significant reduction in the level of independence in the first month postoperatively (p = 0.0004), with significant recovery after 6 months (p = 0.0218). Conclusions: IR with LDF does not restrict the recovery of ROM and is associated with a lower frequency of adhesion and scar dehiscence. Women who undergo IR are favored on the psychological aspects of QOL
Doutorado
Oncologia Ginecológica e Mamária
Doutora em Ciências da Saúde
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Kelwick, Richard John Robert. "The role of A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-15 (ADAMTS-15) in breast cancer." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2013. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/48756/.
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Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and in 2008 accounted for 8% of UK cancer related deaths. A poor prognosis is particularly conferred upon individuals with evidence of metastatic breast cancer. With some studies noting that at least 70% of patients dying with breast cancer have evidence of metastatic disease. In order to develop novel therapeutic strategies a greater understanding of breast cancer tumourigenesis and metastasis is required. Metalloproteinases were implicated as key drivers of metastasis through their ability to degrade the components of the extracellular matrix. This perspective is now superseded with evidence highlighting the involvement of metalloproteinases in an array of biological roles, from maintaining tissue homeostasis to angiogenesis, and importantly these roles can have tumour suppressive effects. Several metalloproteinases from the A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) family are candidate tumour suppressors, including ADAMTS-15. In the context of breast cancer relatively high levels of ADAMTS-15 expression had previously been associated with increased relapse free survival. However the functional consequences of ADAMTS-15 expression in breast cancer are unknown and are the focus of this thesis. ADAMTS-15 reduced the migration of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells, in a metalloproteinase-independent manner. This anti-migratory effect likely involves syndecan-4, since modulation of syndecan-4 expression and signalling attenuated this effect. In contrast to its effects on cell migration, only wildtype ADAMTS-15 exhibited an anti-angiogenic effect in in vitro and ex vivo models of angiogenesis. In experimental metastasis assays, both ADAMTS-15 and E362A (metalloproteinase inactive form of ADAMTS-15) reduced metastasis of MDAMB- 231 cells to the liver, though paradoxically, ADAMTS-15 but not E362A enhanced lung colonisation. Taken together these studies demonstrate for the first time that extracellular ADAMTS-15 has multiple tissue context-dependent actions on breast tumour pathophysiology, some of which require its proteolytic activity whereas others do not.
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Bates, D. L. "Control of the RAD51 recombinase by the BRC repeat motifs in the breast cancer susceptibility protein BRCA2." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.596469.
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The interaction between the breast cancer susceptibility protein BRCA2 and the RAD51 DNA recombinase is essential for DNA repair via homologous recombination. Its disruption in human cells causes genomic instability and cancer predisposition. Studies to define the biochemical and biological features of the BRCA2:RAD51 interaction are described. Human BRCA2 features eight BRC repeat motifs encoded within exon 11 through which it can bind RAD51. The BRC repeat motifs are believed to mimic and disrupt RAD51 oligomerisation at its self-association interface. I defined the minimal structural determinants required for RAD51 binding by ‘humanising’ a primitive RAD51 from an Archaeon species lacking BRCA2. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technology supported by cell biology was employed to study the characteristics of RAD51 binding to each of the BRC repeat motifs, both independently and collectively within the context of the BRCA2 protein. A single point mutation within an individual BRC repeat motif impaired RAD51 binding. Further, RAD51 was unable to interact effectively with a BRC repeat motif in which the proposed interaction interface had been disrupted by mutagenesis. Kinetic data for the interaction of an individual BRC repeat motif with RAD51 were obtained. An SPR competition assay was developed, revealing that the binding affinity of each BRC repeat motif for RAD51 differs significantly, and that their organisation within the scaffold of BRCA2 contributes to efficient interaction. Thus, I propose that both the differential binding affinities of the individual BRC repeat motifs for RAD51, and their observed cooperativity, contribute to the control of RAD51 by BRCA2. The implications of this proposal for DNA repair via homologous recombination, and for the role of BRCA2 mutations in human carcinogenesis, are discussed.
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Barrett, Angela Natalie. "Expression and function of a novel gene, PLU-1, with DNA / chromatin binding motifs in breast cancer." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409579.
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Velkova, Aneliya. "The Role of BRCA1 Domains and Motifs in Tumor Suppression." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3391.
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ABSTRACT
Individuals that carry deleterious mutations in the breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) have much more elevated risk to develop breast and/or ovarian cancer than the individuals from the general population. The BRCA1 gene product has been implicated in several aspects of the DNA damage response, but its biochemical function in these processes has remained elusive. In order to probe BRCA1 functions we conducted a yeast two-hybrid screening to identify interacting partners to a conserved motif (Motif 6) in the central region of BRCA1. In this dissertation, we report the identification of the actin-binding protein Filamin A (FLNA) as a BRCA1 partner and demonstrate that FLNA is required for the efficient regulation of DNA repair process at its early stages. Cells lacking FLNA display a diminished ionizing radiation (IR)-induced BRCA1 focus formation and a slow kinetics of Rad51 focus formation. In addition, our data demonstrate that FLNA is required to stabilize the interaction between DNA-PK holoenzyme components such as DNA-PKcs and Ku86 in a BRCA1-independent manner. Our data are consistent with a model in which the absence of FLNA compromises homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining. Our findings have implications for our understanding of the response to irradiation-induced DNA damage.
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Dupouy, Sophie. "Les objets dans les récits brefs de Silvina Ocampo." Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR30056.
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Jackovitz, Kevin S. "Integrated Coarse to Fine and Shot Break Detection Approach for Fast and Efficient Registration of Aerial Image Sequences." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1366306702.
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Pokotylo, Heather. "The film break : Thomas Pynchon's Gravity's rainbow, Gilles Deleuze's Cinema, and the emergence of a new history." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99743.
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This thesis uses the film philosophy of Gilles Deleuze in Cinema 1: The Movement-Image (1983, trans. 1986) and Cinema 2: The Time-Image (1985, trans. 1989) as a methodology for examining the subject of film in Thomas Pynchon's novel Gravity's Rainbow (1973). The first half of the thesis provides a review of the literature on the subject of film in Gravity's Rainbow, as well as a review of current scholarship on Deleuze's Cinema books, before providing a close reading of both Cinema books that summarizes and explicates the elaborate taxonomy of cinematic signs and images developed by Deleuze. The second half of the thesis uses Deleuze's cinematic taxonomy to analyze examples of time-images and movement-images in Gravity's Rainbow. The thesis concludes by connecting the work of Pynchon's novel to the work of Deleuze's study in a discussion of how film participates in the emergence of a new concept of history during the postwar period.
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McGarry, Gregory John. "Model-based mammographic image analysis." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002.
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Veg, Sebastian. "Fictions chinoises du pouvoir et du changement politique : Kafka, Brecht, Segalen, Lu Xun, Lao She." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX10059.
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Au début du xxe siècle, pour certains écrivains européens qui délaissent l'orientalisme du siècle précédent, la Chine devient l'emblème de la difficile rupture historiqe de la modernité. La révolution de 1911, le passage d'un empire plusieurs fois millénaire et d'une idéologie impériale confucéenne à des formes d'organisation politique nouvelles, la démocratisation inégale et en fin de compte avortée de la Chine ont également provoqué la réflexion des écrivains chinois de la génération du 4 mai. À partir de cinq oeuvres singulières, nous avons cherché à montrer comment la fiction peut construire des parcours historiques sinueux donnant forme au changement politique et intellectuel. Ces parcours correspondent à autant de dispositifs fictionnels qui remettent en cause les liens entre la littérature et la production de normes et de légitimité politique. Les fictions du pouvoir mettent en abyme le pouvoir propre de la fiction, s'interrogeant sur son rapport complexe avec le pouvoir traditionnel et les institutions politiques nouvelles. En rompant avec la tradition, ces oeuvres sont-elles capables de redéfinir le statut de la fiction en tant que pratique sociale et en tant que discours sur le pouvoir légitime dans le contexte d'une évolution démocratique ? Les auteurs étudiés accordent une place importante aux apories de la démocratisation qui s'imposent à la fiction, refusant aussi bien la complétude du monde fictionnel qu'un discours auctorial qui occulterait les tensions de l'intrigue. La confrontation systématique des oeuvres chinoises et européennes doit permettre de mieux comprendre les singularités du modernisme chinois, mais aussi de s'interroger sur les apories communes à des écrivains soucieux d'inscrire la fiction dans un espace démocratique incertain.
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Stankaitienė, Neringa. "Natūralaus maitinimo ir socialinių - ekonominių veiksnių sąsajos su vaikų sveikata." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090608_160353-96280.
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Darbo tikslas. Įvertinti natūralaus maitinimo ir socialinių – ekonominių veiksnių sąsajas su vaikų sveikata.
Uždaviniai. 1) Palyginti natūralaus maitinimo ir maitinimo adaptuotais pieno mišiniais sąsajas su vaikų sveikata; 2) Nustatyti socialinių – ekonominių veiksnių (tėvų išsilavinimo, šeimos pajamų, gyvenimo sąlygų, gyvenimo būdo) sąsajas su vaikų sveikata.
Tyrimo metodika. Atliktas vienmomentinis anoniminis anketavimas. Tiriamąją grupę sudarė 200 2 – 5 metų amžiaus vaikų mamų. Duomenų analizė buvo atlikta remiantis statistiniu paketu SPSS (16.0 versija). Ryšiai tarp požymių buvo vertinami chi kvadrato (χ2) kriterijumi bei laisvės laipsnių skaičiumi (lls).
Tyrimo rezultatai. 183 (91,5 proc.) respondenčių žindė savo kūdikius ir 17 (8,5 proc.) visiškai nežindė. I š visų žindytų vaikų dažniausiai pasitaikė žindytų ilgiau kaip pusę metų (43,7 proc.). Žindytų vaikų sveikatą gerai įvertino 67,6 proc. motinų, nežindytų 38,9 proc. Žindytų tiriamųjų iki pusės metų amžiaus sveikatos būklę gerai įvertino 59,2 proc. motinų, žindytų ilgiau kaip pusę metų 77,5 proc. Ilgiau nei 6 mėn. žindė respondentės, kurių šeimos pajamos siekia iki 3000 lt. per mėnesį (47,8 proc.). Labai dažnai virškinimo sutrikimais skundėsi 18,8 proc. valgančių maistą iš šaldytų produktų ir tik 2,7 proc. nevalgančių. Dažnai valgantiems maistą paruoštą iš šaldytų produktų odos alergijos pasitaikė 31,3 proc. tiriamųjų, nevalgantiems 7,6 proc. Lankantys vaikų lopšelį – darželį ir ten besimaitinantys tiriamieji... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The aim of this work. To evaluate breastfeeding and social – economic factors associated to children’s health. Objectives. 1) Compare breastfeeding and formula feeding influence to children’s health. 2) Estimate social and economic factors (parents education level, family’s incomes, living conditions, lifestyle) influence to children’s health. Methodology. Anonymous questionnaire given to a research group – 200 mothers raising children from 2 to 5 years old. Have been accomplished data analysis referring to statistical packet SPSS (version 16.0 ). Relations between features was considered regarding to chi quadrate (χ2) parameters and a number of degree of freedom (lls). Results. 183 (91,5 %) of respondent women breastfed their babies comparing to 17 (8,5 %.) that didn’t breastfed . From all breast-fed babies, most of them have been breastfed longer than 6 months (43,7 %). Breastfed babies state of health have been estimated as good by 67,6 % breastfeeding mothers, comparing to 38,9 % of not breastfed babies. Breastfed babies up to 6 months health condition have been estimated as good by 59,2 % mothers, breastfed more that 6 months - 77,5 %. More than 6 months breastfeeding mothers family incomes were up to 3000 Lt in a month (47,8 %.) 18,8 % of respondent children consuming frozen products frequently had digestive problems and only 2,7 % that didn‘t consumed. Respondents consuming frozen products had regular skin allergy 31,3 % and 7,6 % it appeared for the ones who... [to full text]
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Alhamdou, Ali. "La conceptualisation de la liberté dans les théâtres de Bertolt Brecht et d'Aimé Césaire : rapprochement, discours, personnages, espaces - temps." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20042.
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Le présent travail porte sur le concept de liberté dans les théâtres de Bertolt Brecht et d'Aimé Césaire. La première partie se penche sur les discours des pôles conflictuels et relève les registres discursifs qui structurent et fixent les antagonismes dans les positions sociales et idéologiques. Cette approche tend à montrer la dualité qui sous-tend les œuvres des deux dramaturges. Les techniques langagières souscrivent a une esthétique concourant à éclairer les situations des protagonistes. La deuxième partie étudie les personnages. Le premier chapitre s'intéresse au héros et à sa dimension sociale et le second, à la relation qu'entretiennent le pouvoir et le peuple. La notion d'héroïsme chez Brecht demeure en étroite relation avec les conditions du peuple. L'action du héros se fond dans la masse en vue de l'émergence d'un "héroïsme" collectif. Chez Césaire, le héros s'inspire de sa réalité historique et mobilise son peuple à l'action afin de refonder le présent. Chez chacun des deux écrivains le pouvoir dominant se caractérise par sa violence et une tendance à l'hégémonie. Le peuple brechtien se pose comme acteur dynamique visant à un réel bouleversement social et idéologique. Chez Césaire, le peuple est à la croisée des chemins et n'accède que progressivement à la mesure historique de sa condition. La troisième partie fait état des configurations spatiales et temporelles. Elle s'attache à voir la représentation de l'espace et du temps dans les antagonismes ainsi que leur dimension esthétique au plan scénique dans une démarche globale tendant à la liberté. L'espace et le temps participent à la structuration d'une atmosphère carcérale. Les espaces et temps sociaux montrent les différents aspects des rapports conflictuels. L'incompatibilité entre le présent et les aspirations à la liberté motive la quête des personnages en vue d'une réelle prise en main de leur destinThis understudy work deals with the concept of freedom in Bertolt Brecht's and Aimé Césaire's theatres. The first part looks into the discourses of conflictual centres. It collects the discursive registers that structure and fix the antagonisms in social and ideological positions. This approach tends to show the duality underlying the works of the two playwrights. The linguistic techniques subscribe for an aesthetic leading to throw light on the protagonists' situations. The second part studies the characters. The first chapter takes an interest in the hero and in his social dimension and the second part deals with the links existing between of heroism in brecht's work lies in tight relation with the people's conditions of living. The hero's action dissolves in the masses in order to create a collective heroism. In Césaire's work, the hero is inspired by his historical reality and mobilizes his people to action in order to found the present again. In each of these two writers, the dominating power is characterizedby its violence and a tendency to hegemony. The Brecht people pose as dynamic actor to a real social and ideological upheaval. In Césaire's work, the people stand at the crossroads and have gradually access to the historical approach of their condition. The third part develops spatial and temporal configurations. It pays particular attention to show the representation of the space and the time in the antagonisms as well as their aesthetic dimension in the theatrical level into a global process leading to freedom. The space and the time participate in a structuration of a prison atmosphere. The social times and spaces show the different aspects of conflictual relations. The incompatibility between the present and the aspirations to freedom motivate the quest of a true control of their destiny by the characters
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Torres, Samuel Eliot. "The past and pending using cinema as a dialogue to break down walls in communication." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5061.
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The Past and Pending is a feature-length documentary by Samuel Eliot Torres, made as part of the requirements for earning a Master of Fine Arts in Film & Digital Media from the University of Central Florida. The film focuses on a family torn apart by a major decision to migrate to the U.S. from Puerto Rico. The protagonist, Torres, is now trying to receive closure from the events by asking the questions he could not ask as a child, but feels compelled to ask as an adult. Filming with only one person in the crew allowed for an intimacy and spontaneity that is prized by entrepreneurial digital cinema makers. Without the financial and scheduling constraints of enlisting a large crew, the film was allowed to thrive with a spontaneous and ongoing shooting schedule, controlled entirely by one person.ID: 029810413; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.F.A.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 17]).
M.F.A.
Masters
Film
Arts and Humanities
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Poitevin, Cyril. "Variabilité du niveau marin relatif le long du littoral de Brest (France) par combinaison de méthodes géodésiques spatiales (altimétrie radar, InSAR et GPS)." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LAROS010.
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Le changement climatique induit une élévation du niveau marin qui présente une variabilité régionale importante, en particulier à la côte, associée aux mouvements verticaux du sol. Par conséquent, l'évolution du niveau marin doit être déterminée par rapport à la côte pour fournir les connaissances les plus adaptées à une gestion du littoral efficace. Les informations sur le niveau relatif de la mer sont actuellement apportées directement par les marégraphes dont l'utilisation fait face à deux facteurs limitants. Premièrement, des informations complémentaires issues de stations GPS permanentes sont requises pour séparer les composantes terrestres et marines des enregistrements marégraphiques, l'objectif étant de pouvoir étudier les tendances à long terme du niveau marin. Deuxièmement, l'étendue spatiale des mouvements verticaux côtiers peut être hétérogène, ce qui limite la validité spatiale de la mesure marégraphique. La résolution de ces facteurs limitants a été analysée à travers un cas d'étude sur Brest (France) en utilisant l'interférométrie radar satellitaire (InSAR) et des données GPS de haute précision. L'application d'une méthode InSAR avancée démontre ainsi, qu'au cours des dernières décennies, la zone de Brest affiche une grande stabilité sauf au niveau de la bande portuaire. Les résultats InSAR calibrés par GPS ont été ensuite combinés avec des données d'altimétrie radar pour obtenir des tendances relatives du niveau marin le long du littoral de Brest à haute résolution spatiale. L'approche développée dans cette thèse est applicable au-delà du cas d'étude de Brest, notamment sur les zones côtières où les données marégraphiques ne sont pas disponiblesThe sea level rise induced by global warming is not uniform along the coastlines due to regional variability of sea level and especially due to vertical land motion which may represents a dominant factor. Therefore, the sea level evolution must be known relative to the land to provide adapted knowledges towards a most efficient coastal management. Information about relative sea level are currently provided directly by tide gauges which measured simultaneously sea level and vertical land variations. However, two important issues are associated with the use of tide gauges. First, supplemental information provided by permanent GPS stations is required to separate vertical land motion from ocean climate signals in tide gauge records, and hence to understand the causes of future coastal sea level changes and their relative importance. Second, vertical land motion can show local spatial patterns, which limits the spatial validity of the point-wise information provide by tide gauges. Using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and high-precision GPS data, the above-mentioned limitations were addressed in the case study of Brest (France). This study shows that, over the past decades, Brest and its surroundings are overall stable except for the embankment areas of the commercial and military harbours. The GPS-calibrated InSAR results were then further combined with radar altimetry data to obtain relative sea level trends along the Brest coastline with an unprecedented high-spatial resolution. The approach developed in this thesis is applicable beyond the case study of Brest, especially in coastal areas where tide gauge data are not available
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Silhouette, Marielle. "Le grotesque dans le théâtre de jeunesse de Brecht, 1913-1926 : contribution à l'étude d'une dramaturgie expérimentale." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040338.
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L'étude du grotesque dans le théâtre de jeunesse de B. Brecht permet d'aborder un aspect de cette œuvre que la critique a trop souvent délaissé au profit de la comparaison avec le théâtre épique et didactique. La catégorie du grotesque, liée en Allemagne au théâtre depuis le 18eme siècle, et de prime abord rejetée par les fondateurs du théâtre national, resurgit avec force au début du 20eme siècle et devient l'expression de la révolte contre un système normatif trop rigide. Brecht participe de ce mouvement, mais il le marque aussi de son sceau : il associe le grotesque au matérialisme hérité de Wedekind, aux arts mineurs et à la culture populaire, et il le dirige contre la "vieille dramaturgie" dont il éprouve ainsi les valeurs. Ce débat avec la tradition s'effectue par le développement d'une langue foisonnante qui vient interroger radicalement le théâtre du texte, et par le privilège accorde au corps allié au bas comique et à la théâtralité, opposés à l'héroïsme, au pathétique et au tragique. La multiplicité formelle et conceptuelle des textes étudiés, la plupart inédits, permet de conclure à l'émergence dans ces années d'une dramaturgie expérimentaleStudying the grotesque in the theatre of the young B. Brecht provides the opportunity to consider one aspect that the former studies has left aside privileging the comparison with the epic and didactic theatre. Since the eighteenth century, the grotesque category has been associated with theatre and was immediately rejected by the founders of the national theatre. It resurrects at the beginning of the twentieth century and becomes an expression of a revolt against a normative and rigid artistic system. Brecht is involved in this movement, but also imprints his own mark on it. He means the grotesque as a form of materialism inherited from Wedekind, with minor arts and popular culture. He uses the grotesque against the traditional drama and challenges its values. This debate with the tradition is not only done through the development of a teeming style that radically questions the text-based theatre. It is also the result of the major role played by the human body, associated with law comedy and theatricality as opposed to heroism, pathos and tragedy. The formal and conceptual multiplicity of the texts under study, most of them unpublished, shows that during these years an experimental drama was emerging
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Yin, Ziwei. "RNA-binding motifs of hnRNP K are critical for induction of antibody diversification by activation-induced cytidine deaminase." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/254518.
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Buinovskienė, Sandra. "Pirminės sveikatos priežiūros specialistų veiklos, skatinant kūdikių žindymą, vertinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060613_130858-62300.
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Aim: To evaluate the primary health care professionals‘ practice of promoting and supporting breastfeeding in Kaunas city.
Objectives: 1.) To evaluate knowledge and breastfeeding practice of mothers who have a baby of age less than 1 year; 2.) To evaluate knowledge and activity of primary health care professionals in promoting breastfeeding; 3.) To compare breastfeeding practice promoted by professionals of primary health care centers with breastfeeding practice of mothers; 4.) To compare the activity of primary health care professionals in informing mothers about breastfeeding with mothers’ evaluation of this activity.
Method of assessment: Anonymous questionnaire. 407 questionnaires for mothers were distributed in 26 family clinics, GP’s offices (284 questionnaires returned – 69.8 %) and to all primary health care professionals (84 general practitioners and 52 general practice nurses). 51 questionnaire returned – 60.7 % of GP and 40 questionnaires – 76.9 % of general practice nurses. Data analysis was made with Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS (12.0 v.). Microsoft Excel was used for diagrams and tables.
Results: Only 62.7 % of questioned mothers were breastfed their babies. Only 42.3 % of mothers were breastfed their babies till their age of 6 months. Only 6 % of mothers were trying to breastfeed their babies more often after reduction of milk in breasts; 8.5 % of mothers were breastfed according regimen; 31 % of mothers were giving pacifiers to their... [to full text]
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Delangle, Charline. "Les motifs du contrat à titre onéreux : étude comparative des droits français, anglais et allemand." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0278.
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Renvoyant aux raisons de la conclusion du contrat, les motifs contractuels sont classiquement appréhendés de façon négative en droit français : la règle est celle de leur indifférence, sauf en matière du contrôle de la licéité de l’acte, pour lequel il est traditionnellement enseigné que les motifs des parties sont admis de façon illimitée. Le caractère essentiel des motifs dans le phénomène contractuel s’accorde mal avec ce rejet de principe. Une analyse comparative des solutions concrètes retenues en droits français, anglais et allemand permet non seulement de contester le principe de l’indifférence des motifs mais, en outre, de révéler de substantielles lignes de convergence dans le traitement des motifs contractuels. En effet, les droits français, anglais et allemand se rejoignent très largement, tant sur le plan de la politique juridique fondant la prise en compte des motifs que sur le régime de cette dernière. Aussi, la question des motifs est d’abord inévitable au regard de l’exigence unitaire d’une justification de l’engagement, laquelle consiste en un intérêt minimal au contrat à titre onéreux. Techniquement, l’intégration d’une contrepartie est ainsi nécessaire et les droits étudiés intègrent des institutions permettant de s’assurer de l’intérêt suffisant qu’elle représente. Ensuite, au-delà de cette nécessaire intégration d’un motif minimal, les droits étudiés font dépendre le sort du contrat de la possibilité de satisfaire l’utilité qu’il poursuit, telle qu’elle est définie par l’ensemble des motifs qui y sont tacitement ou expressément intégrés. L’impossibilité de satisfaction des motifs des parties, au moment de la formation du contrat ou de son exécution, est en effet de nature à conduire à la remise en cause de l’acte, sous réserve qu’elle ne constitue pas un risque devant être supporté par celui dont les attentes sont déçues. L’étude des motifs contractuels en droits comparés français, anglais et allemand conduit au dépassement des oppositions dogmatiques traditionnelles – concernant notamment les débats autour de la notion de cause – et offre un éclairage nouveau des règles retenues en droit interneReferring to the reasons for the conclusion of a contract, contractual motives are classically viewed in a negative way in French law : they are indifferent in principle, except in matters of control of the legality of the act, for which it is traditionally taught that motives of the parties are admitted without limitation. The essential aspect of motives in the contractual phenomenon does not fit well with this rejection of principle. A comparative analysis of the concrete solutions adopted in French, English and German laws not only makes it possible to challenge the principle of indifference of motives but, in addition, reveals substantial lines of convergence in the treatment of the question of contractual motives. Indeed, French, English and German laws meet, both in terms of legal policy at the basis of taking motives into account, and of the regime of this consideration. Also, the issue of motives is, first, inevitable with regard to the unitary requirement of a justification of engagement, which consists of a minimum interest in an onerous contract. Technically, the integration of a counterparty is thus necessary, and the laws studied include institutions making it possible to ensure the sufficiency of the interest that it represents. Beyond this necessary integration of a minimal motive, every law studied makes the fate of the contract dependent on the possibility of satisfying the utility which it pursues, as defined by all the motives tacitly or expressly integrated into it. The impossibility of motives at the formation of the contract or its execution is thus likely to lead to its contestation, provided that it does not constitute a risk to be supported by the one whose expectations are disappointed. The study of contractual motives in French, English and German comparative law leads to overcoming the traditional dogmatic oppositions - in particular centered on debates around the notion of cause - and offers a whole new perspective on the rules adopted in national law
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Kagan, Michal Lali. "Wonderer : the life of Bruce Chatwin." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002.
Find full textAbstract:
Wonderer is a screenplay about the life of writer/traveler Bruce Chatwin. The screenplay examines not only Chatwin's travels and writing, but also the landscape which he never
fully explored: his inner-world. This reflective analysis will focus on the relationship between Bruce Chatwin's writing - especially in The Songlines- and the ways in which the book's subject matter and style influenced the choices in content and form which I made in writing Wonderer.
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Scheele, Elisabeth. "Glorification et mise en accusation de la guerre d'Homère à Brecht dans le miroir de La Guerre de Troie n'aura pas lieu de Giraudoux et son œuvre complète." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040110.
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Ce drame est l'une des plus belles réalisations du rêve ancien de la paix perpétuelle que l'on puisse trouver dans les œuvres des poètes et des philosophes d’Ovide à Kant, symbolisé par les efforts d'Hector tendant à fermer pour toujours les portes de la guerre. « Œuvre » constitue une sévère critique des poètes qui glorifient la guerre, figures par Demokos dont elle attaque l'idéologie, comme le drame de Karl Kraus Les Derniers jours de l'humanité. L'antagonisme entre l'illusionnisme d'Hector et le pessimisme de Cassandre peut se retrouver également chez Karl Kraus. Giraudoux dénonce une longue tradition de glorification de l'honneur dans la mort héroïque depuis l'antiquité, d'Homère à Shakespeare et Schopenhauer par exemple. Le drame comporte de nombreuses allusions à Briand et à Poincaré. Hector, qui semble être une incarnation de Briand, parait craindre les exigences de réparation de Poincaré. C'est pourquoi il essai de nier tous les dommages en contestant qu'Hélène ait commis un adultère envers Ménélas. Il n'existe donc aucune raison de guerre après la restitution. Mais la Némésis réduit à néant les efforts des hommes de bonne volonté et la guerre a lieu. La parodie burlesque de l'adultère comme raison d'une guerre de dix années constitue en même temps une amère satire d'une vaste littérature qui a glorifié la guerreThe drama is one of the most beautiful realizations of the ancient dream of perpetual peace found in the works of poets and philosophes from Ovid to Kant, symbolized by Hector's efforts to close the gates of war forever. This work is a bitter attack on the poets who glorify war, personified by Demokos, whose ideology it denounces like that of The Last days of mankind by Karl Kraus. The antagonism between the illusions of Hector and the pessimism of Cassandra is also to be found in the drama of Karl Kraus. The drama of Giraudoux attacks a long tradition of the glorification of honor in the heroic death, evident since antiquity and exemplified in works from Homer to Shakespeare and Schopenhauer. There are many allusions to Briand and Poincaré. Hector seems to be an incarnation of Briand. Hector seems to be afraid of Poincaré's demands for reparation. He therefore tries to deny every damage, falsely denying that Helen ever committed adultery. Therefore no reason for a war of revenge exists after the restitution. But nemesis balks the efforts of the men of good will: war breaks out. The burlesque of adultery as a reason for a war lasting for ten years is at the same time a bitter attack of a vast literature which glorified it
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Duguay-Langlois, Eloïse. "Hiver : (texte dramatique) ; suivi de La figure du sans-abri dans Fragment de théâtre I de Samuel Beckett, L'opéra de quat'sous de Bertolt Brecht et Hiver d'Éloïse Duguay-Langlois (essai)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30086/30086.pdf.
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La première partie de ce document est constitué de la pièce de théâtre Hiver. Cette pièce relate l’histoire de Felipe, Musina et Gilles, trois sans-abri qui vivent ensemble l’espace de quelques jours. Felipe a été recueilli par Musina après que sa mère biologique l’ait abandonné au cours d’une tempête de neige, alors qu’il était allé se réchauffer dans les toilettes d’un restaurant. Depuis ce temps, Felipe et Musina sont devenus très proches. Musina aime Felipe à la fois comme un frère, comme un ami et comme un fils. Quant au petit, il est amoureux de Musina. Gilles se greffe à eux pendant trois jours. C’est alors qu’il sera confronté à son lourd passé. La pièce se termine tragiquement par le suicide de Felipe et de Musina et l’arrestation de Gilles. La seconde partie du document comprend l’essai. Il porte sur la figure du sans-abri dans Fragment de théâtre I de Samuel Beckett, L’opéra de quat’sous de Bertolt Brecht et Hiver, notre pièce de théâtre. On y dissèque ce type de personnage pour en comprendre les fonctions, les particularités et la symbolique. Cette seconde partie est elle-même divisée en deux chapitres. Le premier retrace les caractéristiques des personnages de Fragment de théâtre I et de L’opéra de quat’sous et tente de préciser si l’on peut les qualifier de sans-abri. Quant au deuxième chapitre, il identifie les points de convergences et de divergences entre Fragment de théâtre I de Samuel Beckett, L’opéra de quat’sous de Bertolt Brecht et Hiver.
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Sessa, Gaetana. "Role of the Interaction of BRCA2 and DDX5 in the DNA Damage Response BRCA2 promotes DNA-RNA hybrid resolution by DDX5 at DNA double strand breaks to facilitate homologous recombination Proper chromosome alignment depends on BRCA2 phosphorylation by PLK1." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS116.
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Un nombre croissant d’études soutiennent le fait que les protéines majeures du métabolisme des ARN, telles que les hélicases ARN, sont impliquées dans la réponse aux dommages à l’ADN. Cette activité est généralement accomplie par leur interaction avec des facteurs de réparation de l’ADN. BRCA2, une protéine suppressive de tumeurs, joue un rôle crucial dans la réparation des cassures double-brin (CDB) de l'ADN par recombinaison homologue (RH) et donc, est un facteur essentiel pour l’intégrité du génome. Les cellules déficientes pour BRCA2 accumulent des hybrides ADN-ARN ou R-loops, une source de dommage à l'ADN, suggérant ainsi l’importance de cette protéine dans la prévention ou la suppression de ces structures. Toutefois, le rôle spécifique de BRCA2 dans la résolution des hybrides ADN-ARN reste inconnu.Afin de connaître des potentiels partenaires de BRCA2, une analyse par spectrométrie de masse réalisée dans notre laboratoire a révélé un enrichissement en protéines impliquées dans le métabolisme de l'ARN, comme les hélicases ARN. Ces résultats nous ont menés à examiner la coopération entre BRCA2 et les hélicases ARN dans la séparation des structures ADN-ARN. Nous avons d’abord confirmé l'interaction entre l'hélicase ARN DDX5 et BRCA2, qui est améliorée dans les cellules exposées à γ-irradiation. Ensuite, nous avons réduit l’interaction aux premiers 250 aa de BRCA2 (BRCA2T1) et avons constaté que celle-ci est directe en utilisant des protéines purifiées. En collaboration avec le laboratoire du docteur A. Aguilera (Cabimer, SP), nous avons montré que la déplétion de DDX5 conduit à une accumulation des hybrides ADN-ARN dans l’entièreté du génome, particulièrement aux sites de dommages à l’ADN. De plus, nos résultats indiquent que DDX5 localise aussi aux hybrides ARN-ADN qui se forment à proximité de CDB.De manière intéressante, nous avons constaté que BRCA2 est important pour la rétention de DDX5 aux sites de dommage à l’ADN induit par l’irradiation laser. Notamment, des tests de déroulement de brins in vitro en utilisant les protéines purifiées DDX5 et BRCA2 ont révélé que BRCA2 stimule l’activité de déroulement des R-loops de DDX5.Un variant de signification inconnue (VSI) trouvé dans de patients atteints de cancer du sein situé dans la région BRCA2T1 (T207A) réduit l’interaction de BRCA2 avec DDX5 et conduit à l’accumulation des hybrides ADN-ARN. Les cellules exprimant stablement BRCA2-T207A montrent également une diminution de l’association de DDX5 avec les hybrides ARN-ADN, en particulier lors d’une exposition de cellules à l’irradiation. L’analyse de l’efficacité de la réparation des CDB par RH dans les cellules déficientes en DDX5 ou exprimant BRCA2-T207A, montre une cinétique retardée de l’apparition des foyers de réparation RAD51 lors de l’irradiation, ce qui suggère un rôle actif de l’interaction BRCA2-DDX5 pour assurer la réparation par RH efficacement. En accord avec cette hypothèse, la ribonucléase RNAseH1, qui dégrade spécifiquement la fraction d’ARN dans les structures d’ADN-ARN, restaure partiellement le phénotype de cinétique des foyers RAD51 dans les cellules BRCA2 T207A. De plus, les cellules portant le variant BRCA2-T207A ont également montré un nombre réduit de foyers RPA par rapport aux cellules qui expriment BRCA2 sauvage, témoins d’un défaut dans l’étape qui précède le chargement de RAD51 aux CDB.Ensemble, nos résultats suggèrent que les hybrides ADN-ARN représentent un obstacle à la réparation des CDB par RH et révèlent BRCA2 et DDX5 en tant que facteurs actifs dans leur suppressionIncreasing evidence support the idea that proteins involved in RNA metabolism such as RNA binding proteins (RBPs) and RNA helicases are directly implicated in the DNA damage response (DDR). This activity is generally achieved through their interaction with DNA repair factors.BRCA2 is a tumor suppressor protein that plays an important role in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by homologous recombination (HR) as well as protecting stalled replication forks from unscheduled degradation; therefore, it is essential to maintain genome integrity. Interestingly, BRCA2 deficient cells accumulate DNA-RNA hybrids or R-loops, a known source of DNA damage and genome instability, providing evidence for its role in either R-loop prevention or processing. However, the specific role of BRCA2 on these structures remains poorly understood.A mass spectrometry screen to identify partners of BRCA2 performed in our laboratory revealed an enrichment of proteins involved in RNA metabolism such as RNA helicases. These findings led us to investigate whether BRCA2 could cooperate with these candidate interacting RNA helicases in processing DNA-RNA structures. First, we confirmed the interaction of BRCA2 and the DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX5, which we found is enhanced in cells exposed to -irradiation. Then, we narrowed down the interaction to the first 250 aa of BRCA2 (BRCA2T1) and found that it is direct using purified proteins. In collaboration with A. Aguilera lab (Cabimer, SP), we could show that depletion of DDX5 leads to a genome-wide accumulation of DNA-RNA hybrids that is particularly enriched at DNA damage sites. DDX5 associates with DNA-RNA hybrids that form in the vicinity of DSBs. Interestingly, we found that BRCA2 is important for the retention of DDX5 at laser irradiation-induced DNA damage. Notably, in vitro R-loop unwinding assays using purified DDX5 and BRCA2 proteins revealed that BRCA2 stimulates the R-loop helicase activity of DDX5.A breast cancer variant of unknown clinical significance (VUS) located in BRCA2T1 (T207A) reduced the interaction between BRCA2 and DDX5 and led to the accumulation of DNA-RNA hybrids. Cells stably expressing BRCA2-T207A also showed a decreased association of DDX5 with DNA-RNA hybrids, especially upon irradiation. Notably, monitoring RAD51 foci to evaluate HR-mediated DSBs repair efficiency in either DDX5-depleted cells or in BRCA2-T207A cells resulted in a delayed kinetics of appearance of RAD51 foci upon irradiation suggesting an active role of BRCA2-DDX5 interaction in ensuring timely HR repair. In agreement with this, overexpression of the RNAseH1 ribonuclease, that specifically degrades the RNA moiety in DNA-RNA structures, partially restored RAD51 kinetics phenotype of BRCA2-T207A cells. Moreover, cells bearing BRCA2-T207A variant also showed a reduced number of RPA foci compared to BRCA2 WT expressing cells, a step that precedes RAD51 loading at DSBs.Taken together, our results are consistent with DNA-RNA hybrids being an impediment for the repair of DSBs by HR and reveal BRCA2 and DDX5 as active players in their removal
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Goetz, Thomas. "Poetik des Nachrufs : zur Kultur der Nekrologie und zur Nachrufszene auf dem Theater /." Wien [u.a.] : Böhlau, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3045130&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Angelone, Concetta. "La femme du Midi dans les nouvelles de Stendhal et Mérimée ˸ nature, caractère et passions." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCA055/document.
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Les études sur les personnages féminins stendhaliens et mériméens sont certainement nombreuses. Toutefois, notre travail envisage une nouvelle approche qui a pour objectif de mettre en évidence les rapports que Stendhal et Mérimée entretiennent avec les théories qui prédominent dès le XVIIIe siècle. Nous nous référons en particulier à la théorie des quatre tempéraments et la théorie des climats et leur influence sur la création des figures féminines, protagonistes des histoires qui constituent le corpus des Chroniques italiennes et des nouvelles de Mérimée, c’est-à-dire La Vénus d’Ille, Colomba et Carmen. Notre propos est de découvrir un nouvel aspect de la problématique féminine en analysant le type humain de la femme du Midi étudié sous la perspective de l’influence des théories susmentionnées. Nous avons également mis en relation la forme littéraire adoptée par les deux écrivains (la nouvelle, le petit roman) avec les sujets qu’ils abordent et l’effet qu’ils veulent produire sur le lecteur. En quoi, en effet, la forme brève qu'ils choisissent contribue-t-elle à l'effet de violence que la représentation du Sud est supposée produire ? Le récit court sert, à l'évidence, l'efficacité d'un propos à la fois esthétique, ethnologique et éthique. L’étude s’articule en trois temps. Dans un premier temps, nous nous intéressons à l’évolution de la théorie des tempéraments et la théorie des climats, ensuite, au contexte historique et culturel de la période à cheval entre le XVIIIe et XIXe siècles qui influence aussi la création littéraire de Stendhal et de Mérimée. Dans un deuxième temps, nous nous occupons de la poétique stendhalienne et mériméenne par rapport aux récits courts. Enfin, nous analysons les figures féminines par rapport aux études préliminaires que nous avons faites dans les parties précédentesStudies about female characters in Stendhal’s and Mérimée’s works are in no doubt numerous. However, the aim of our work is to highlight the relationship between these authors and the theories that prevailed from the eighteenth century onwards. We refer in particular to both the four temperaments theory and the climate the theory and their influence on the creation of female characters, protagonists in the stories we chose for our corpus: the Chroniques italiennes of Stendhal and the shorts stories La Vénus d’Ille, Colomba and Carmen of Mérimée. Our purpose is to unveil a new aspect of the female problematic by analysing Southern Europe woman human type observed from the perspective of the influence of the above-mentioned theories. We also linked the form chosen by the two writers (short story, little novel) with the themes they address and the effect they want to produce on the reader. To which extent is the short story type contributing to the effect of violence supposed to be produced by the depiction of the South? Short stories serve the efficiency of a purpose at the same time aesthetic, ethnological and ethical. This study consists of three parts. First of all, we examine the the evolution of both four temperaments theory and climate theory, as well as the eighteenth, beginning of the nineteenth century historical and cultural background which also influences Stendhal and Mérimée literary creation. Secondly, we reflect upon Stendhal’s and Mérimée’s poetics in relation to short stories. Finally, we analyse the female characters in relation to the preliminary studies previously mentioned
Gli studi sui personaggi femminili di Stendhal e Mérimée sono sicuramenti numerosi. Ciò nonostante, il nostro lavoro prevede un nuovo approccio che ha come obiettivo di mettere in evidenza l’influenza che le correnti di pensiero, che predominano a partire dal diciottesimo secolo, hanno sulla produzione letterario di Stendhal e Mérimée. In particolare, ci riferiamo alla teoria dei quattro temperamenti e alla teoria dei climi rispetto alla creazione dei personaggi femminili, protagonisti delle storie che costituiscono il corpus delle Cronache italiane e delle novelle di Mérimée, ossia La Venere d’Ille, Colomba et Carmen. Il nostro scopo è quello di mettere in luce un nuovo aspetto della problematica femminile, analizzando il tipo umano della donna meridionale studiato sotto la prospettiva delle teorie sopra menzionate. Abbiamo anche messo in relazione la forma letteraria adottata dai due scrittori (la novella, il piccolo romanzo) con l’argomento che trattano e l’effetto che vogliono produrre sul lettore. Concretamente, in che modo la forma breve che scelgono contribuisce all’effetto di violenza che la rappresentazione del Sud è presupposta produrre? La novella serve a rendere efficace un pensiero estetico, etnologico et etico. Lo studio si divide in tre parti. In un primo momento, ci interessiamo all’evoluzione della teoria dei temperamenti e alla teoria dei climi, in seguito, al contesto storico-culturale del periodo a cavallo tra diciottesimo e diciannovesimo secolo che influenza anche la creazione letteraria di Stendhal et Mérimée. In un secondo momento, ci occupiamo della poetica di Stendhal et Mérimée rispetto alla novella. Infine, analizziamo i personaggi femminili in rapporto agli studi preliminari effettuati nelle parti precedenti della nostra tesi
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Sohr, Martin. "Zabezpečovací systém pro rodinný dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219383.
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Family house, security system, wireless communication, IQRF, RSA, central control unit, SPI, I2C, glass break sensors, motion sensors, magnetic contact sensors, graphic displey, LCD displey, microcontroler, SIM900, 24FJ256GB106, EA DOGM106, eDIPTFT43-A.
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Lee, Yu-Tzu, and 李毓慈. "Non-rigid Registration of Breast DCE-MRI for Motion Artifact Correction." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01000518692286557600.
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Chao, You-Kuan, and 趙又寬. "Quantitative Measurement of Breast Tissue on Intravoxel Incoherent Motion(IVIM) MR Image." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rxru28.
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碩士國立中興大學
通訊工程研究所
106
Breast cancer is one of the top ten cause of death among women in the world. Breast density is positively correlated with breast cancer. In recent years, Magnetic Resonance Imaging has gradually taken the place of traditional X-ray and ultrasound detection as a tool for breast cancer screening. Using the MR image not only has no radiation problems, but also has excellent image resolution. Therefore, we developed a method for classifying breast tissue using IVIM MR images. MR images such as T1, T2, and PD were used as inputs for glandular detection. In order to closely examine the location of the glandular, we used constrained energy minimization (CEM) method to detect glandular and fat and used them as correct positions. After getting the positions of glandular and fat, we use them to map on the IVIM MR images, and then analyzing the five parameters (D, D*, ADC, PF, and slope). Parameters is including Apparent Diffusion Coefficient, different b values weighted on different signal attenuation, perfusion-related diffusion and perfusion fraction. The accumulation of parameter statistics will define the critical values of glandular and fat. Finally, when we only input MR IVIM MR images, breast tissues can be classified without using T1, T2 or PD images.
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Huang, Po-Wen, and 黃柏文. "Breast Tissue Classification based on Intra-voxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM-MRI) Histogram Analysis." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03410761024619505572.
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碩士國立中興大學
電機工程學系所
104
Breast cancer is an important cause of death and disease for women in the world. It is required for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer research. In recent years, MRI is gradually replacing the traditional X-ray photography and ultrasound to detect breast cancer as an inspection tool. MRI is not only no radiation problem but also more excellent on the image resolution and contrast. However, when MRI use on breast examination, it must be injected the contrast agent. The contrast agent is toxicity, so some patients may have an allergy to contrast agents. Therefore, thesis presents breast tissue analysis of IVIM-MRI in recent evolvement. In this research, many algorithms will be used. Automatic target generation process (ATGP) and spectral angle mapper (SAM) with kernel-constrained energy minimization (K-CEM) applied to detect lesions range for quantitative analysis. The research use the decision tree to apply on the entire image for IVIM parameters to classify respectively. The main purpose of the suspicious lesion using histogram analysis identify preferred parameters as the main basis. As a result, not only can improve the detection accuracy of lesion location, but also observe whether there are trends in the spread of experimental results. In addition, the histogram analysis has also been applied to distinguish various types of lesions.
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Chang, Yu-Tzu, and 張育慈. "Breast lesions detection using Intra-voxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM-MRI) with AIHT contrast enhancement method." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82814115417301272826.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
電機工程學系所
104
In this thesis we have used a contrast enhancement method by using adaptive inverse hyperbolic tangent (AIHT) algorithm in the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).The AIHT technology for accomplishing contrast enhancement have been developed an automatic tumor detection method. The AIHT algorithm is capable of enhancing the global contrast of the original image adaptively while making the image features stand out simultaneously. Hence, the AIHT algorithm is used in IVIM-MRI which not only no need to use contrast agents that lead allergic reactions happen when breast cancer patients are sensitive to a specific substance but also makes the tumor stand out more clearly from breast. This study proposes an automatic target generation process (ATGP) and spectral angle mapper (SAM) with kernel-constrained energy minimization (K-CEM) for target detection. Two types of kernel functions were used for the experiment and distinguish between Gaussian function and polynomial function in breast lesion detection was also discuss in this study. The objective of this thesis is reduce of image noise, makes the tumor features stand out more clearly and find a suitable kernel function that can be correctly detected.
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Chien, Ning, and 簡寧. "Characterization of Breast Tumors: Comparison among Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging (DKI) and Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM)." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/zx8mgj.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
臨床醫學研究所
107
Abstract Background Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women in Taiwan. Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a sensitive imaging technique to assess breast cancer but its effectiveness still remains to be improved. Objectives Our study aim was to assess MRI diagnostic accuracy for breast lesions by comparing quantitative parameters derived from 1) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), 2) diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), 3) intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and 4) dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and to explore an optimal model for breast tumor differentiation. Methods This was a prospective study performed on patients with suspicious breast lesions found on breast sonography prior to biopsy. All MR experiments were conducted on a 3-T MRI scanner. Quantitative parameters from DWI (apparent diffusion coefficient, ADC; fractional anisotropy, FA), DKI (mean diffusivity, D; mean kurtosis, K), IVIM (pseudo-diffusion coefficient, D*; perfusion fraction, f) and DCE-MRI (Ktrans, kep, ve and vp) were derived and compared between malignant and benign lesions. These parameters in benign and malignant lesions were compared by GEE. (Generalized estimating equations). Area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) analysis was used to evaluate diagnostic accuracy among parameters. Results and Discussion Total 61 suspicious breast lesions from 57 patients were evaluated in this prospective study. The quantitative parameters, including kep and ve from DCE-MRI, ADC, D, DSTD, DMINIMUM, K, KSTD and KMINIMUM from DKI between benign and malignant lesions were significantly different (p<0.05). DMINIMUM derived from DKI demonstrated the largest AUC (0.93) and had the highest specificity (95.45%). The Ktrans from DCE-MRI and those parameters derived from IVIM were shown to be not significantly different between benign and malignant lesions. Conclusion In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of differentiating malignant breast tumors from benign ones by using a DKI-IVIM approach. The quantitative parameters derived from DKI and IVIM have been proved to be more accurate than perfusion parameters derived from DCE-MRI and conventional ADC. Key Words: MRI, breast tumors, breast cancer, DCE, DKI, IVIM, diffusion, kurtosis, intravoxel incoherent motion
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Han, Yang. "Development of a Harmonic Motion Imaging guided Focused Ultrasound system for breast tumor characterization and treatment monitoring." Thesis, 2018. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8KS83H7.
Full textAbstract:
Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death among women. About 1 in 8 U.S. women (about 12%) will develop invasive breast cancer over the course of their lifetime.
Existing methods of early detection of breast cancer include mammography and palpation, either by patient self-examination or clinical breast exam. Palpation is the manual detection of differences in tissue stiffness between breast tumors and normal breast tissue. The success of palpation relies on the fact that the stiffness of breast tumors is often an order of magnitude greater than that of normal breast tissue, i.e., breast lesions feel ''hard'' or ''lumpy'' as compared to normal breast tissue. A mammogram is an x-ray that allows a qualified specialist to examine the breast tissue for any suspicious areas. Mammography is less likely to reveal breast tumors in women younger than 50 years with denser breast than in older women. When a suspicious site is detected in the breast through a breast self-exam or on a screening mammogram, the doctor may request an ultrasound of the breast tissue. A breast ultrasound can provide evidence about whether the lump is a solid mass, a cyst filled with fluid, or a combination of the two. An invasive needle biopsy is the only diagnostic procedure that can definitely determine if the suspicious area is cancerous. In the clinic, 80% of women who have a breast biopsy do not have breast cancer.
Most women with breast cancer diagnosed will have some type of surgery to remove the tumor. Depending on the type of breast cancer and how advanced it is, the patient might need other types of treatment as well, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Image-guided minimally-invasive treatment of localized breast tumor as an alternative to traditional breast surgery, such as high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment, has become a subject of intensive research. HIFU applies extreme high temperatures to induce irreversible cell injury, tumor apoptosis and coagulative necrosis. Compared with conventional surgical procedures the main advantages of HIFU ablation lie in the fact that it is non-invasive, less scarring and less painful, allowing for shorter recovery time. HIFU can be guided by MRI (MRgFUS) or by conventional diagnostic ultrasound (USgFUS). Worldwide, thousands of patients with uterine fibroids, liver cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, bone tumors, and renal cancer have been treated by USgFUS.
In this dissertation, the objective is to develop an integrated Harmonic Motion Imaging guided Focused Ultrasound (HMIgFUS) system as a clinical monitoring technique for breast HIFU with the added capability of detecting tumors for treatment planning, evaluation of tissue stiffness changes during HIFU ablation for treatment monitoring in real time, and assessment of thermal lesion sizes after treatment evaluation. A new HIFU treatment planning method was described that used oscillatory radiation force induced displacement amplitude variations to detect the HIFU focal spot before lesioning. Using this method, we were able to visualize the HMIgFUS focal region at variable depths. By comparing the estimated displacement profiles with lesion locations in pathology, we demonstrated the feasibility of using this HMI-based technique to localize the HIFU focal spot and predict lesion location during the planning phase. For HIFU monitoring, a HIFU lesion detection and ablation monitoring method was first developed using oscillatory radiation force induced displacement amplitude variations in real time. Using this method, the HMIgFUS focal region and lesion formation were visualized in real time at a feedback rate of 2.4 Hz. By comparing the estimated lesion size against gross pathology, the feasibility of using HMIgFUS to monitor treatment and lesion formation without interruption is demonstrated. In order to reduce the imaging time, it is shown in this dissertation that using the steered FUS beam, HMI can be used to image a 2.3 times larger ROI without requiring physical movement of the transducer. Using steering for HMI can be used to shorten the total imaging duration without requiring physical movement of the transducer. For the application of breast tumor, HMI and HMIgFUS were optimized and applied to ex vivo breast tissue. The results showed that HMI is experimentally capable of mapping and differentiating stiffness in normal and abnormal breast tissues. HMIgFUS can also successfully generate thermal lesions on normal and pathological breast tissues. HMI has also been applied to post-surgical breast mastectomy specimens to mimic the in vivo environment. In the end, the first HMI clinical system has been built with added capability of GUP-based parallel beamforming. A clinical trial has been approved at Columbia University to image breast tumor on patient. The HMI clinical system has shown to be able to map fibroadenoma mass on two patients with valid HMI displacement. The study in this dissertation may yield an early-detection technique for breast cancer without any age discrimination and thus, increase the survival rate.
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Amorim, Ana Carolina Costa. "Development of a Osirix plug-in for non-gaussian diffusion MRI data: application to Breast." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/33790.
Full textAbstract:
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death by cancer and is the second type of
cancer that is the most common among women, causing the death of 1500 women, every
year, in Portugal. Over the past decades, with the improvement of imaging techniques
and therapeutics, breast cancer mortality rate has been decreasing substantially. One of
the imaging techniques used is diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), which is the magnetic
resonance imaging method that is the most sensitive in detecting invasive breast cancer.
There are several extensions of this technique that can be based on the premise that the
environment is not homogeneous (non-Gaussian models).
The non-Gaussian models, take into account the presence of barriers and compartments
that restrict the water molecules movement in the biological tissues, allowing the
distinction between malignant and benign lesions in DWI. Taking into account that
diffusion-weighted imaging is a non invasive method, the diagnosis through the application
of these models can become an alternative to biopsy.
The main goal of this dissertation was the development of a OsiriX plug-in that
performs the non-Gaussian diffusion analysis of DWI in magnetic resonance imaging
data. Five non-Gaussian diffusion models were implemented in the application: diffusion
kurtosis imaging, intravoxel incoherent motion, gamma distribution, truncated and
stretched-exponential. Parametric maps and region-of interest (ROI) parametric values
were obtained for each model. In order to fit the various non-Gaussian diffusion models,
the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm was used. This algorithm finds coefficients x to
best fit the nonlinear function to the data. The x coefficients results in parametric maps
that are able to identify the tumour and also distinguish between malignant and benign
lesions provided a comparison with the literature. During the application development,
these functionalities were also used to study the dependence of fitted parameters on the
number of b-values used and on the image noise.
An interface was developed with Objective-C on Xcode for OsiriX where the user gets
to choose from five diffusion models in order to obtain parameric maps or values. It also
informs on the goodness of fit and it provides fitting plots of the data. The references of
the models and extra information are also available in an help button.
Finally, the application was tested successfully with breast DWI images of benign and malignant tumors.
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Keays, Kimberley Susan. "Effects of Pilates exercises on shoulder range of motion, pain, mood and upper extremity function in women living with breast cancer : a pilot study." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/18059.
Full textAbstract:
Background and Purpose: Our purpose was to examine the effects of Pilates exercises on shoulder range of motion (ROM), pain, mood, and upper extremity (UE) function in women who had been treated for breast cancer. Participants: Participants were four women who had undergone axillary dissection and radiation therapy for Stage I-III breast cancer. Methods: A non-concurrent, multiple baseline, single subject research design was used to examine the effects of Pilates exercises on the four outcomes. Results: Visual analyses of the data suggest a moderate functional relationship between the implementation of the Pilates program and improved shoulder abduction and external rotation ROM. Statistically significant improvement in shoulder internal and external rotation on the affected UE was shown for the participant with metastatic disease. The improving baselines seen for pain, mood and UE function data make it impossible to assess Pilates’ effects. No adverse events were experienced. Discussion and Conclusion: Pilates may be an effective, enjoyable and safe exercise option for women recovering from breast cancer treatments; however further research is needed.Medicine, Faculty of
Graduate
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Заборська, Ірина Віталіївна. "Комплексна фізична терапія жінок 40-50 років після радикального лікування раку молочної залози у віддаленому періоді." Магістерська робота, 2020. https://dspace.znu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/12345/4628.
Full textAbstract:
Заборська І. В. Комплексна фізична терапія жінок 40-50 років після радикального лікування раку молочної залози у віддаленому періоді : кваліфікаційна робота магістра спеціальності 227 «Фізична терапія, ерготерапія» / наук. керівник Д. В. Івченко. Запоріжжя : ЗНУ, 2020. 61 с.UA : Дипломна робота: складається з 61 сторінок, 8 таблиць, 9 рисунків, 61 літературних джерел. Об’єкт дослідження – показники функціонального стану опорно-рухового апарату верхньої кінцівки жінок після лікування раку молочної залози. Мета дослідження – оцінка ефективності гідрокінезотерапії у жінок 40-50 років після радикального лікування раку молочної залози у віддаленому періоді. Методи дослідження – теоретичний аналіз науково-методичної літератури, аналіз медичної документації, метод оцінки больового синдрому ВАШ, метод гоніометрії, метод динамометрії, методи математичної статистики. Показано, що в пацієнток після мастектомії у віддаленому періоді наявні такі функціональні порушення плечового поясу: больовий синдром на рівні ВАШ болю – 31,75 мм, зниження амплітуди рухів у плечовому суглобі по всіх напрямках руху до 50-75 % від показників норми, зниження показників кистьової динамометрії до 13,05 кг на оперованій стороні. Застосування методики гідрокінезотерапії в системі реабілітації жінок після мастектомії завдяки властивостям водного середовища зменшує навантаження на опорно-руховий апарат плечового поясу, поліпшує роботу лімфатичної системи, збільшує еластичність м’язів, що дозволяє більш суттєво зменшити больовий синдром, збільшити амплітуду рухів у плечовому суглобі та силу м’язів оперованої сторони.
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Tran, Quoc-Viet, and Tran Quoc Viet. "Non-Contact Breath Motion Detection Using the Lucas-Kanade Algorithm." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5qn9p8.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
自動化及控制研究所
104
This study is about how to build a simple and economical system to detect breath in a real time fashion using a normal webcam or a Microsoft Kinect. By using the optical flow method, a novel method is proposed to detect the peak of the inspiratory phase of a breath from images so as to define a proper timing for trigging X-ray shooting. The issue of using images for breath detection is that the motion of features on the chest is very small when a breath occurs. Therefore, the Lucas- Kanade algorithm, which is originally proposed to detect heartbeat, is considered to track possible small motions on the chest. Image processing techniques such as the corner detection algorithm are developed to obtained useful features for the Lucas- Kanade algorithm. From the experimental conducts, with the proposed approach, the detection of the inspiratory-expiratory phase is significant enough. In other words, the breath motion can easily be observed. Different environments (lighting and dim lighting) and different distances are also tested in our implementation. It can be found that the features are quite robust and stable. For X-ray shooting, it is required to predict the deepest inhaling. In our experiments, the predictive error of the peak time is about 0.366 second, which roughly accounts for 7.32% of the averaging breath cycle. In fact, in our study, two methods (averaging of many previous cycles of breath and one previous cycle of breath) are used to predict the peak time of inhaling. For the short time and normal breath, the averaging method is very efficient to reduce the errors between predicted and actual peak time. However, this method may result in worse prediction if the time considered is long because the amplitudes and cycles of breath may vary over time. From our study, it can be concluded that the proposed approach can be effectively used to define a proper timing for trigging X-ray shooting.
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Liang, Chih-Chieh, and 梁智傑. "Kinect Based Motion and Breath Monitoring for Frailty Syndrome Rehabilitation." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28g7qz.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
105
This work is to build a monitoring system for rehabilitation of Frailty Syndrome with the use of Kinect. There are two parts in the monitoring system developed: motion monitoring and breath rate monitoring. For motion monitoring, a depth calibration process is proposed to calibrate the distortion effects on depth readings caused by the depress angle of Kinect. With the calibration process, the detected angle of monitored joints can have a much higher accuracy than that of the original readings. In addition, re-locating processes are proposed to resolve the unstable situations of the skeleton detection from the Kinect system when occlusion occurs. When unstable skeleton points occur, according to biological features of unstable joints, the skin color detection, contour detection, random circle detection (RCD), and defect points detection are employed to locate possible correct positions of the joints. From our experiments, it can be found that with the proposed motion monitoring system, the motion detected is stably and reliably. For breath monitoring, a non-contact method of detecting the breath rate of patient during rehabilitation is considered. In the proposed method employed, the movement of chest caused by breath is tracked through the images obtained. Useful features in images are defined by Harris corner detector in the ROI. The Lucas-Kanade algorithm is applied for tracking tiny movements of those features. However, the tracking signal is a mixing signal including breath, motion, and noise. In order to acquire the breath signal, the tracking signal is filtered by a band-pass filter of an interval from 0.167 HZ to 0.417 HZ. From our experiments, the breath signal is successfully obtained. In conclusion, by employing the proposed system, it can help doctors to monitor the motions and breath rates of patients reliably and stably.
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"Don't Hold Your Breath: The Creation and Performance of a Theatrical Memoir in Motion." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.50497.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: Don't Hold Your Breath is an evening-length performance created and performed by Sarah "Saza" Kent and EPIK Dance Company that consisted of street and concert dance combined with hip hop theatre, spoken text and live singing. What began as a one-woman show about the choreographer's life, turned in to an ensemble piece that included the stories of many people, including ten community members who were interviewed on their views of life and death after being affected by a diagnosis. The show follows Kat, a young woman tiptoeing the line between her party girl past and the thought of finally growing up and settling down. Typically confident and self-assured, she is now grappling with the idea of life and death. Kat finds herself in an MRI machine that could ultimately determine her fate. As the machine examines her body, she begins to examine her life, causing her to confront some of life's most existential questions. Has she spent her time wisely? Would she do anything differently if given a second chance? When it comes down to it, and all distractions are stripped away, what is truly important? Her thoughts take her to memories of her past and visions for her future as she faces the reality that life is finite and tomorrow is not promised. This document is an account of the show's process and serves as a place of explanation, analysis, and reflection, while also questioning its significance on a personal level all the way to its place in the field.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Dance 2018
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Tsou, Tsong-Yang, and 鄒宗陽. "A Real Time Motion Robust Image Based Heart Rate and Breath Rate Measuring System." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01259827549217036906.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
電控工程研究所
105
Among all the indicators of health state in humans, heart rate and breath rate are two of the most significant indicators. Conventional contact-type measurement instruments may lead to subjects suffering from the risk of skin irritation and allergic contact reactions. Consequently, recent years have seen increased attention being given to image based remote and contactless physiological signal measuring technique. The main concern of this technique is the potential unreliable result due to the arbitrary motion. As a result, the contribution of this paper is to conquer the motion noise in the following scenario: head motion, body motion, running, driving, etc. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm achieves real time performance up to 30 fps via webcam. So as to prove the effectiveness of proposed algorithm, the ground truth certificated for diagnosis has been utilized. In order to estimate heart rate with motion, several improvement techniques including Face Detection, Peak Chosen, and Protection Algorithm are proposed. The face detection algorithm has been enhanced and stabilized via Face Landmark, position low pass filter and rotation compensation. Peak chosen algorithm in frequency domain is utilized to reduce the noise caused by movement. Lastly, with protection mechanism and Kalman filter, the reliability of heart rate estimation is promising. For estimating the breath rate, SURF feature points detector and matcher are proposed to capture the chest position of subjects. With optical flow calculation and peak chosen algorithm in time domain, breath rate is successfully estimated.
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Kiviat, Niki. "Breaking Bread: Continuities and Ruptures in Italy's Postwar Filmic Foodscape." Thesis, 2020. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-atrq-nc58.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation examines food tropes in Italian films of the Economic Miracle, investigating moments of continuity with prewar gastronomic traditions, as well as denoting drastic breaks with the familiar. The kitchen is a place of traditional culinary practices and ingredients, and from which sensations of hominess and conviviality are continually generated; yet, the kitchen is where the changes to the postwar foodscape are most visible. In my analysis of films released from 1954 to 1973, the kitchen is treated as a site of both recognizability and unrecognizability: the feeling that someone does not belong among the people, objects, and rituals part of that changing arena; alternatively, they might not be recognized themselves. In the readings that follow, these directors, actors, and writers grapple with such unrecognizability by way of the stomach: the organ with which to digest food and, moreover, to process the changes that that gastronomy represents. This dissertation is divided into four chapters, or, rather, two halves: first, continuity and desire, and later, rupture and violent rejection. These halves represent continuities and breaks, respectively, as this project follows the transformation of Italy’s “rosy” cinema into dark, nihilist auteurism.
At the center of the first half are two stars: Totò (Chapter Two) and Sophia Loren (Chapter Three). In the work of Totò, the visceral hunger that he experiences matches that of the very recent past, and in particular, that of the South. When food became readily available, however, a new hunger emerged: a hunger for what was, as Totò upheld the dietary routines to which he was long accustomed.
Meanwhile, Sophia Loren embodies the multivalence of hunger. As Cesira in La ciociara (1960), Loren portrayed a mother struggling against la carestia of occupied Italy; hunger is once again a physical sensation. But through later roles, as well as the authorship of her own cookbook, not only is the stomach satisfied, but there is now a sexual dimension to hunger. Loren softened both the hunger pangs and the blows of the changing sociopolitical arena, leaving her viewers to desire simultaneously her body and the food she prepares, ultimately inviting us to eat with her.
Chapter Four, meanwhile, uses the cinema and narrative theories of Pier Paolo Pasolini to explore the connections between continuity, rupture, and “revolution.” Revolution is, in the Marxist sense, the proletariat contending with exploitative forces, as seen through Stracci in La ricotta (1963). It is also the turning of a wheel, emblematic of a progression in a cycle back to naturality and austerity. Despite violent eating and existential crises, the characters of Luna (Uccellacci e uccellini, 1966) and Emilia (Teorema, 1968) reveal a continued relationship with the earth, within which seeds – signs of new life – are planted.
This project also suggests a turn towards the tenets of 1940s neorealism, particularly the notions of survival and rebirth. In Marco Ferreri’s La grande abbuffata (1973), the subject of Chapter Five, four wealthy protagonists gather for the ultimate “gastronomic seminar”: a weekend during which they are suicided by overconsumption, choosing to abandon a world so deeply unrecognizable from the traditions and virtues of decades past. Yet, in bequeathing the world to Andréa, there is a reawakening. Andréa is left to perpetuate not only the rich traditions and rituals of previous generations, but also a world of anxieties, unsure of what the future holds.
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HUANG, AN-JIE, and 黃安潔. "The Investigation on The Impact of Breath Hold Variation and Different Image-Guided Alignment Markers on Position Shifts of Liver Radiotherapy with Voluntary Spirometric Motion Management System." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53211433038562188861.
Full textAbstract:
碩士元培醫事科技大學
醫學影像暨放射技術系碩士班
104
Breath-hold technique in radiotherapy provides accurate motion control of liver tumor with respiration. Spirometric Motion Management System (SDX system) is the newest device in Asia that comprises pneumotachograph spirometer, video goggles, and the limited breath-hold range for the voluntary breath hold. The purpose of this study was to investigate the variation of breath-hold level (BHL) and different image-guided alignment markers (bone or stent/Lipiodol) associated with position error of patients with liver tumor for their fractionated radiotherapy using SDX system. SDX system was used in 37 patients from May, 2014 to January, 2016. The BHL and range were instructed in simulation. In each fraction of radiotherapy, two types of BHL variations were defined. One was the average of the offset with each BHL (mean variation), and the other was the ratio of offset to each BHL (variation ratio). We used kV-orthogonal images to analyze the position shifts in anterior-posterior (AP), cranial-caudal (CC), and right-left (RL) directions, and cone-beam computed tomography images to compare the accuracy by two different image-guided alignment markers. The results showed patients with BHL>1.7L had significantly larger position error in AP and RL axes. Patients with mean variation<0.03L had significantly larger position error in CC axis. Patients with the variation ratio<2.1% had significantly larger position error in CC and AP axes. By kV-orthogonal guidance, position errors were different between bone and stent/Lipiodol alignment in CC and RL axes. The use of stent/Lipiodol for alignment was more accurate. In conclusion, liver radiotherapy with SDX system is a voluntary breath-hold method that reduces tumor motion effectively and accurately. The larger BHL was associated with more position shifts. The smaller variation between each breath-hold exercise was associated with larger position shifts, especially in CC direction. The correct alignment methods in image-guided radiation therapy can improve the targeting accuracy to tumor and reduce radiation dose to surrounding normal tissues.