Journal articles: 'Breast disease; Cancer'

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Wolden, Suzanne L., Steven L. Hancock, Robert W. Carlson, Don R. Goffinet, Stefanie S. Jeffrey, and Richard T. Hoppe. "Management of Breast Cancer After Hodgkin’s Disease." Journal of Clinical Oncology 18, no. 4 (February 14, 2000): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2000.18.4.765.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence, detection, pathology, management, and prognosis of breast cancer occurring after Hodgkin’s disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy-one cases of breast cancer in 65 survivors of Hodgkin’s disease were analyzed. RESULTS: The median age at diagnosis was 24.6 years for Hodgkin’s disease and 42.6 years for breast cancer. The relative risk for invasive breast cancer after Hodgkin’s disease was 4.7 (95% confidence interval, 3.4 to 6.0) compared with an age-matched cohort. Cancers were detected by self-examination (63%), mammography (30%), and physician exam (7%). The histologic distribution paralleled that reported in the general population (85% ductal histology) as did other features (27% positive axillary lymph nodes, 63% positive estrogen receptors, and 25% family history). Although 87% of tumors were less than 4 cm, 95% were managed with mastectomy because of prior radiation. Two women underwent lumpectomy with breast irradiation. One of these patients developed tissue necrosis in the region of overlap with the prior mantle field. The incidence of bilateral breast cancer was 10%. Adjuvant systemic therapy was well tolerated; doxorubicin was used infrequently. Ten-year disease-specific survival was as follows: in-situ disease, 100%; stage I, 88%; stage II, 55%; stage III, 60%; and stage IV, zero. CONCLUSION: The risk of breast cancer is increased after Hodgkin’s disease. Screening has been successful in detecting early-stage cancers. Pathologic features and prognosis are similar to that reported in the general population. Repeat irradiation of the breast can lead to tissue necrosis, and thus, mastectomy remains the standard of care in most cases.

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Karlin, N. J., I. Chopra, J. Mirocha, and N. Feldman. "An association between thyroid disease and breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 21063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.21063.

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21063 Background: Anecdotal studies and isolated case reports have observed an association of thyroid disease and breast cancer. This purported association remains controversial. We describe a retrospective case-control study on the prevalence of breast cancer in patients with abnormal thyroid function studies. Age-matched subjects served as controls. Methods: We reviewed 6211 cases of abnormal TSH values between 1/04 and 12/05 and determined the number of cases with breast cancer. We compared those data to 3,151 control subjects with normal TSH seen during the same period. We excluded patients with thyroid cancer from the total number of malignancies in both groups because abnormal TSH would be expected to result from its treatment. We also reviewed the ER, PR, her 2 neu status and free thyroxine of patients with breast cancers. Results: Breast cancer rate of 36% of all cancers (37/102) in the abnormal TSH group was significantly higher than that of 18% (14/77) in the normal TSH group. (p = 0.012). Breast cancers in the study group with abnormal thyroid function were more frequently hormone receptor positive (74% vs. 67%) and her 2 neu negative (67% vs. 50%). Conclusions: The data suggest that there is an increased rate of breast cancer in patients with abnormal thyroid function. The trend of hormone receptor positive disease in the abnormal TSH group suggests that the IGF receptor may play an important role in the relationship between thyroid disease and breast cancer. The IGF receptor may be a potential target for therapeutic drug development for breast cancer prevention and management. Further studies are warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Soni Ahirrao, Vinanti Bhoeer, Shivani Patil, and Himani Jawale. "Breast Cancer Detection." International Journal of Engineering and Management Research 10, no. 6 (December 16, 2020): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.10.6.8.

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Breast Cancer is highly predominant in women in today’s world. It starts in the breast during the initial stages and spreads to other areas of the body after some period of time. Breast cancer is the second-largest disease leading to the death of women. The disease is curable if detected early enough. Breast Cancer Application monitors the abnormal growth of breast cells during the early stages. They are often diagnosed during the advanced stages of breast cancer. It is the second most diagnosed cancer in women, affecting one in every eight women. Our project comprises two modules, first consists of an application with user login and self-test examine section where and the second section consists of identifying benign and malignant cells. The second section will be used by doctors' side for the detection of abnormalities of breasts as early as possible by providing the user screening data set. It contains Machine Learning techniques for the classification of malignant and benign tumors. There are more treatment options and a better chance of survival. If breast cancer is detected during the early stages then there is a 93 percent of higher survival rate in the first five years.

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Chan, D. W., R. A. Beveridge, D. J. Bruzek, D. J. Damron, K. R. Bray, P. K. Gaur, D. S. Ettinger, and R. C. Rock. "Monitoring breast cancer with CA 549." Clinical Chemistry 34, no. 10 (October 1, 1988): 2000–2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/34.10.2000.

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Abstract CA 549, a new marker for breast cancer, was measured in serum of 719 patients by an immunoradiometric assay involving two monoclonal antibodies: BC4E 549, developed against a breast-tumor cell line, and BC4N 154, developed against milk fat-globule membrane. The reference interval for healthy women was 0-11 kilo-units/L. The percentages of patients with CA 549 greater than 11 kilo-units/L for benign conditions are: 0% pregnancy, 1% breast, 26% liver; and for nonbreast metastatic cancers: 12% endometrial, 33% lung, 40% prostatic, and 50% ovarian. In women with breast cancer who were receiving or had completed adjuvant therapy with no evidence of disease there was an 11% increase in CA 549. For patients with metastatic breast cancer, 19% of those in complete remission, 63% of those in partial remission, and 88% of those with systemic progression had increased CA 549. CA 549 is a more specific marker than carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in nonmalignant disease, nonbreast malignancies, and adjuvant breast-cancer patients, and it is more sensitive in breast-cancer patients with progressive disease than is CEA. We could show CA 549 to be superior to CEA for detecting active breast cancer in patients with malignant or nonmalignant breast diseases. In monitoring 19 adjuvant-treated patients, CA 549 correlated more closely with the clinical course than did CEA values and, when increased, predicted a clinical recurrence. In 18 breast-cancer patients with metastasis, monitored for two to three years, the change of CA 549 values paralleled disease courses more often than did CEA values.

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Marinko, Tanja. "Pericardial disease after breast cancer radiotherapy." Radiology and Oncology 53, no. 1 (September 6, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/raon-2018-0035.

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AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide. Thanks to the modern oncological treatments, disease specific survival has improved throughout the last decades. The number of breast cancer survivors has been increasing, and more and more attention has been paid to the breast cancer treatment side effects. Whereas there are many data regarding ischemic heart disease after radiotherapy for breast cancer, there is not much data in the literature about the incidence and clinical meaning of pericardial disease after breast cancer radiotherapy.ConclusionsAlthough radiation-induced pericarditis is the earliest form of radiation-induced cardiovascular disease after irradiation of the heart, it seems that in clinical practice, especially by using modern radiotherapy treatment techniques, it is underdiagnosed because patients are mostly asymptomatic. In some cases, especially in its late form and after multimodal systemic oncological treatment in combination with radiotherapy, it could be presented in severe form and life threatening. Treatment modalities for radiation-induced pericardial diseases are the same as in the non-irradiated population, but in the irradiated patients, surgery may be difficult.

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Siregar, Ice Ratnalela. "THE DESCRIPTION OF HISTOPATHOLOGY IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS AT RSUP.H. ADAM MALIK MEDAN." Jurnal Ilmiah PANNMED (Pharmacist, Analyst, Nurse, Nutrition, Midwivery, Environment, Dentist) 13, no. 1 (January 24, 2019): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36911/pannmed.v13i1.141.

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Breasts are an important organ for women. Breasts can experience various disorders or diseases, bothserious and mild disease. Among these are breast cancer which is one of the most dreaded breastabnormalities. Breast cancer is a cancer that comes from the gland, glandular, and breast supporttissue.Breast cancer has been known to attack only women. In fact, malignant tumors are also biased alsoagainst men. The histopathologic feature is a diagnostic feature of breast cancer. The purpose of this studywas to determine the histopathologic description of Breast Cancer at RSUP.H.Adam Malik. The sample inthis study is all breast cancer patients who have been diagnosed by doctors who visit the RSUP.H.AdamMalik (Population). The research method used is descriptive of taking secondary data in medical record atRSU.H.Adam Malik. The results of this study can be seen that of 60 breast cancer patients who do biopsy,the majority of patients have histopathology of breast cancer invasive Ductal Carcinoma as much as 31people (51.66%) and Invasive Breast Cancer Nos Type of 29 people (48.34%).

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Bernatsky, S., R. Ramsey-Goldman, M. Petri, M. B. Urowitz, D. D. Gladman, P. F. Fortin, E. Ginzler, et al. "Breast cancer in systemic lupus." Lupus 26, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203316664595.

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Objective There is a decreased breast cancer risk in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) versus the general population. We assessed a large sample of SLE patients, evaluating demographic and clinical characteristics and breast cancer risk. Methods We performed case-cohort analyses within a multi-center international SLE sample. We calculated the breast cancer hazard ratio (HR) in female SLE patients, relative to demographics, reproductive history, family history of breast cancer, and time-dependent measures of anti-dsDNA positivity, cumulative disease activity, and drugs, adjusted for SLE duration. Results There were 86 SLE breast cancers and 4498 female SLE cancer-free controls. Patients were followed on average for 7.6 years. Versus controls, SLE breast cancer cases tended to be white and older. Breast cancer cases were similar to controls regarding anti-dsDNA positivity, disease activity, and most drug exposures over time. In univariate and multivariate models, the principal factor associated with breast cancers was older age at cohort entry. Conclusions There was little evidence that breast cancer risk in this SLE sample was strongly driven by any of the clinical factors that we studied. Further search for factors that determine the lower risk of breast cancer in SLE may be warranted.

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Schnitt, Stuart J. "Benign Breast Disease and Breast Cancer Risk." American Journal of Surgical Pathology 27, no. 6 (June 2003): 836–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000478-200306000-00017.

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Chirappapha, Prakasit, Thongchai Sukarayothin, Yodying Wasuthit, Ronnarat Suvikapalornkul, Panuwat Lertsithichai, and Youwanush Kongdan. "Disease-free Probability and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer." Ramathibodi Medical Journal 35, no. 1 (March 30, 2012): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33165/rmj.2012.35.1.117663.

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Objective: To compare the probabilities of local recurrence and distant metastasis between women with triple-negative and non- triple negative breast cancers. Methods: Medical and pathological records of breast cancer patients treated between the years 2002 and 2006 were reviewed. Results: There were 256 patients with complete data on estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) expression determinations. There were 54 patients (21%) with triple-negative (ER-, PR-, HER2 -) cancers. Triple-negative patients were more likely to have larger tumors with higher histologic grade. The median fallow-up time was 4 years. The probabilities of local and distant recurrence were similar between the two groups of patients. Only two factors were independently and significantly associated with overall recurrence: tumor stage and tumor size. Conclusion: Triple-negative breast cancer did not have a higher risk for both local recurrence and distant metastasis when compared with non-triple negative cancer.

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Yu, J., E. Morris, A. Park, H. Cody, and M. L. Gemignani. "Efficacy of breast MRI in elderly women." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.608.

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608 Background: Breast MRI is useful in evaluating extent of disease and screening of high risk patients, especially younger patients with dense breasts. The utility of MRI in the elderly population is currently unknown. The purpose of this study was to review the use of breast MRI and MRI findings in elderly women. Methods: Retrospective review identified women over the age of 70 who underwent breast MRI at our institution between 11/2000 and 12/2005. Clinicopathologic features, MRI results and mammograms (MMG) were reviewed. Results: 228 patients were identified. The mean age was 73.5 years (range 70–91). Forty-three patients (19%) had no history of breast cancer, 99 (43%) had a history of breast cancer, and 86 (38%) had a current diagnosis of breast cancer at the time of MRI. Ninety-two patients (40%) underwent MRI for screening, 49 (21%) as further workup for an abnormal MMG or physical finding, and 78 (34%) for extent of disease assessment. MRI found 49 additional sites of abnormality and 15 additional cancers (14% false positive). Five cancers were detected in women with no current diagnosis of cancer. In patients with a diagnosis of cancer at the time of MRI, 10 additional cancers were found: 7 in the contralateral breast and 3 additional ipsilateral sites. Conclusions: MRI detected an additional 15 mammographically occult breast cancers in this population of women over the age of 70. MRI was efficacious in screening as well as evaluating extent of disease, with a relatively low false-positive rate of 14%. Breast MRI is a useful tool in the evaluation of elderly patients; further study in the use of MRI for screening in this population is needed. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Malani, Ashok Kumar. "Male Breast Cancer: A Different Disease than Female Breast Cancer?" Southern Medical Journal 100, no. 2 (February 2007): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.smj.0000209277.21066.c2.

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Gucalp, Ayca, Tiffany A. Traina, Joel R. Eisner, Joel S. Parker, Sara R. Selitsky, Ben H. Park, Anthony D. Elias, Edwina S. Baskin-Bey, and Fatima Cardoso. "Male breast cancer: a disease distinct from female breast cancer." Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 173, no. 1 (September 28, 2018): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-018-4921-9.

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Zaker, Mohammad-Reza, Afshin Hazrati-Marangaloo, and Seyede-Roghayeh Hosseini. "Quality of Life in Iranian Breast Cancer Survivors and Affecting Factors: A Review Article." Asian Pacific Journal of Environment and Cancer 2, no. 1 (April 24, 2019): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31557/apjec.2019.2.1.5.

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Introduction: The breast cancer is the first common cancer among Iranian women, accounting for 24.4% of all cancers. With the improvement in disease‑free survival with advanced treatment modalities, question of quality of life (QOL) arises. The aim of the present review was assessment QOL of Iranian women with cancer breast and affecting factors.Methods: This study is a review article in which articles about Breast cancer were searched in databases such as Scopus, SID, Magiran, Google Scholar, Pubmed, IranMedex, ScienceDirec from key words of Cancer Brest, Quality of Life, Affecting Factor and Iran were used to search.Results: Twenty-eight studies from 2008 to 2018 on the quality of life of 2226 patients with breast cancer in Iran were conducted. In these studies, five different questionnaires QLQ-C30, SF-36, Ferrans & Power, QLQ-BR23, WHO-QOL 26 to check the quality of life patients were used. Conclusion: Breast cancer affects the quality of life of the patients and reduces it. Psychological and financial support and exercise and health for women experiencing breast cancer diagnosis can have been a positive impact on the disease and the patient’s compliance with the complications of the disease and the treatments.

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Zaker, Mohammad-Reza, Afshin Hazrati-Marangaloo, and Seyede-Roghayeh Hosseini. "Quality of Life in Iranian Breast Cancer Survivors and Affecting Factors: A Review Article." Asian Pacific Journal of Environment and Cancer 2, no. 1 (April 24, 2019): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31557/apjec.2019.2.1.5-9.

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Introduction: The breast cancer is the first common cancer among Iranian women, accounting for 24.4% of all cancers. With the improvement in disease‑free survival with advanced treatment modalities, question of quality of life (QOL) arises. The aim of the present review was assessment QOL of Iranian women with cancer breast and affecting factors.Methods: This study is a review article in which articles about Breast cancer were searched in databases such as Scopus, SID, Magiran, Google Scholar, Pubmed, IranMedex, ScienceDirec from key words of Cancer Brest, Quality of Life, Affecting Factor and Iran were used to search.Results: Twenty-eight studies from 2008 to 2018 on the quality of life of 2226 patients with breast cancer in Iran were conducted. In these studies, five different questionnaires QLQ-C30, SF-36, Ferrans & Power, QLQ-BR23, WHO-QOL 26 to check the quality of life patients were used. Conclusion: Breast cancer affects the quality of life of the patients and reduces it. Psychological and financial support and exercise and health for women experiencing breast cancer diagnosis can have been a positive impact on the disease and the patient’s compliance with the complications of the disease and the treatments.

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Faermann, Renata, Jonathan Weidenfeld, Leonid Chepelev, Wayne Kendal, Raman Verma, Andrew Scott-Moncrieff, Susan Peddle, et al. "Outcomes after Surgery for Early Stage Breast Cancer in Women Staged With Preoperative Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging According to Breast Tissue Density." Journal of Breast Imaging 1, no. 2 (June 2019): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbi/wbz018.

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Abstract Purpose To determine surgical outcomes and breast cancer disease-free survival outcomes of women with early stage breast cancer with and without use of preoperative breast MRI according to breast tissue density. Methods Women with early stage breast cancer diagnosed from 2004 to 2009 were classified into 2 groups: 1) those with dense and heterogeneously dense breasts (DB); 2) those with nondense breasts (NDB) (scattered fibroglandular and fatty replaced tissue). The 2 groups were reviewed to determine who underwent preoperative MRI. Breast tissue density was determined with mammography according to ACR BI-RADS. Patients were compared according to tumor size, grade, stage, and treatment. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier estimates. Results In total, 261 patients with mean follow-up of 85 months (25–133) were included: 156 DB and 105 NDB. Disease-free survival outcomes were better in the DB group in patients with MRI than in those without MRI: patients with MRI had significantly fewer local recurrences (P < 0.016) and metachronous contralateral breast cancers (P < 0.001), but this was not the case in the NDB group. Mastectomies were higher in the DB group with preoperative MRI than in those without MRI (P < 0.01), as it was in the NDB group (P > 0.05). Conclusions Preoperative breast MRI was associated with reduced local recurrence and metachronous contralateral cancers in the DB group, but not in the NDB group; however, the DB patients with MRI had higher mastectomy rates.

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Patt, Debra A., James S. Goodwin, Yong-Fang Kuo, Jean L. Freeman, Dong D. Zhang, Thomas A. Buchholz, Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, and Sharon H. Giordano. "Cardiac Morbidity of Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 23, no. 30 (October 20, 2005): 7475–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2005.13.755.

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Purpose Adjuvant breast irradiation has been associated with an increase in cardiac mortality, because left-sided breast radiation can produce cardiac damage. The purpose of this study was to determine whether modern adjuvant radiotherapy is associated with increased risk of cardiac morbidity. Patients and Methods Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare database were used for women who were diagnosed with nonmetastatic breast cancer from 1986 to 1993, had known disease laterality, underwent breast surgery, and received adjuvant radiotherapy. The Cox proportional-hazards model was used to compare patients with left- versus right-sided breast cancer for the end points of hospitalization with the following discharge diagnoses (International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision codes): ischemic heart disease (410-414, 36.0, and 36.1), valvular heart disease (394-397, 424, 35), congestive heart failure (428, 402.01, 402.11, 402.91, and 425), and conduction abnormalities (426, 427, 37.7-37.8, and 37.94-37.99). Results Eight thousand three hundred sixty-three patients had left-sided breast cancer, and 7,907 had right-sided breast cancer. Mean follow-up was 9.5 years (range, 0 to 15 years). There were no significant differences in patients with left- versus right-sided cancers for hospitalization for ischemic heart disease (9.9% v 9.7%), valvular heart disease (2.9% v 2.8%), conduction abnormalities (9.7% v 9.6%), or heart failure (9.7% v 9.7%). The adjusted hazard ratio for left- versus right-sided breast cancer was 1.05 (95% CI, 0.94 to 1.16) for ischemic heart disease, 1.07 (95% CI, 0.89 to 1.30) for valvular heart disease, 1.07 (95% CI, 0.96 to 1.19) for conduction abnormalities, and 1.05 (95% CI, 0.95 to 1.17) for heart failure. Conclusion With up to 15 years of follow-up there were no significant differences in cardiac morbidity after radiation for left- versus right-sided breast cancer.

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Miller, Elizabeth, Hee Jin Lee, Amriti Lulla, Liz Hernandez, Prashanth Gokare, and Bora Lim. "Current treatment of early breast cancer: adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy." F1000Research 3 (August 19, 2014): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.4340.1.

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Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. The latest world cancer statistics calculated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) revealed that 1,677,000 women were diagnosed with breast cancer in 2012 and 577,000 died. The TNM classification of malignant tumor (TNM) is the most commonly used staging system for breast cancer. Breast cancer is a group of very heterogeneous diseases. The molecular subtype of breast cancer carries important predictive and prognostic values, and thus has been incorporated in the basic initial process of breast cancer assessment/diagnosis. Molecular subtypes of breast cancers are divided into human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2 +), hormone receptor positive (estrogen or progesterone +), both positive, and triple negative breast cancer. By virtue of early detection via mammogram, the majority of breast cancers in developed parts of world are diagnosed in the early stage of the disease. Early stage breast cancers can be completely resected by surgery. Over time however, the disease may come back even after complete resection, which has prompted the development of an adjuvant therapy. Surgery followed by adjuvant treatment has been the gold standard for breast cancer treatment for a long time. More recently, neoadjuvant treatment has been recognized as an important strategy in biomarker and target evaluation. It is clinically indicated for patients with large tumor size, high nodal involvement, an inflammatory component, or for those wish to preserve remnant breast tissue. Here we review the most up to date conventional and developing treatments for different subtypes of early stage breast cancer.

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Galt, Spencer W., and Robert W. Crichlow. "Cowden’s Disease and Breast Cancer." Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America 2, no. 1 (January 1993): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1055-3207(18)30599-4.

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Niclas, Constance M. "Breast cancer: The chronic disease." Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development 42, no. 5 (2005): vi. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/jrrd.2005.07.0132.

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Gupta, Piyush B., and Charlotte Kuperwasser. "Disease models of breast cancer." Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models 1, no. 1 (October 2004): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ddmod.2004.05.001.

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Janni, Wolfgang. "Breast Cancer - a Lifestyle Disease?" Breast Care 13, no. 2 (2018): 84–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000489031.

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Moreno, A. "Breast cancer. A chronic disease?" Reports of Practical Oncology & Radiotherapy 18 (June 2013): S199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rpor.2013.03.151.

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Mitchell, George W. "Benign Breast Disease and Cancer." Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 29, no. 3 (September 1986): 705–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003081-198609000-00027.

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Stewart, James A., and Paul P. Carbone. "Breast Cancer: 2. Recurrent Disease." Hospital Practice 29, no. 3 (March 15, 1994): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21548331.1994.11442989.

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Catania, S., S. Zurrida, P. Veronesi, V. Galimberti, A. Bono, and A. Pluchinotta. "Mondor's disease and breast cancer." Cancer 69, no. 9 (May 1, 1992): 2267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19920501)69:9<2267::aid-cncr2820690910>3.0.co;2-u.

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Yahalom, Joachim. "Breast Cancer After Hodgkin Disease." JAMA 290, no. 4 (July 23, 2003): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.290.4.529.

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Moey, Melissa, and Javid Moslehi. "Cardiovascular disease and breast cancer." Nature Reviews Cardiology 15, no. 4 (April 2018): 200–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrcardio.2018.21.

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Pinkstaff, Sherry O. "Breast Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease." Rehabilitation Oncology 36, no. 4 (October 2018): E10—E13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.reo.0000000000000140.

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Roach, Emir Charles, Ibrahim Petekkaya, and Kadri Altundag. "Behcet's Disease and Breast Cancer." Breast Journal 20, no. 5 (July 12, 2014): 566–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tbj.12320.

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Smyth, P. P. A. "Thyroid Disease and Breast Cancer." Journal of Endocrinological Investigation 16, no. 5 (May 1993): 396–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03348865.

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Зикиряходжаев, А., A. Zikiryahodjaev, М. Ермощенкова, M. Ermoshchenkova, А. Каприн, A. Kaprin, В. Чиссов, V. Chissov, М. Запиров, and M. Zapirov. "Modern Trends in the Breast Cancer Conserving Surgery and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery." Medical Radiology and radiation safety 63, no. 6 (November 12, 2018): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5c0eb1e48ccda8.47993356.

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Introduction: The highest priority for modern clinical oncology is functionally-sparing and organ-conserving treatment. In Russia, breast cancer (BC), among all malignant tumors, accounted for 21.1 % of women in 2017. Oncoplastic radical resections (OPS-BCS = oncoplastic surgery – breast conserving surgery) have been widely used. This term means resection of the breast for cancer using plastic surgery to restore the shape of the breast, in most cases with one-stage correction of the contralateral breast. Purpose: It was the creation of various techniques of oncoplastic breast surgery, applicable for the appropriate localization of breast cancer and the evaluation of surgical, oncological and aesthetic results. Methods: From 2013 to 2017, in the P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Center, organ-conserving surgery were performed in 570 patients with BC with an average age of 54.2. Stage 0 was diagnosed in 4.6 %, I – 5.9 %, IIA – 28.7 %, IIB – 6 %, IIIA – 5.1 %, IIIC – 3.3 %, IIIB – 0.2 %, IV – 0.2 %. Radical resection in the standard version was performed in 290 patients with breast cancer, oncoplastic breast surgery in various modifications – in 280. All patients after the organ-conserving surgical treatment received radiation therapy. Patients received chemotherapy, targeted therapy and hormone therapy according to the indications in depending the disease stage and the immunohistochemical type of the tumor. Results: After an urgent and planned morphological study positive margins of resection were revealed in 10 patients, which required reresection of the edges to a negative state of them in case of an urgent intraoperative response and mastectomy – in case of a planned response. Within 4 years, local recurrences were detected in 4 patients (0.7 %), which required a mastectomy with a one-stage reconstruction. In 1 patient (0.2 %), the disease progressed as metastases to the lung – in this case lobectomy and a necessary chemotherapy were conducted. Cosmetic results were defined as excellent in 70 % cases, good – 25 %, satisfactory – 5 %. Conclusion: If there are indications for organ-conserving treatment of breast cancer and the patient’s decision concerning this surgery, the patient should be offered methods of oncoplastic surgery for the prevention of psychological and emotional stress, effective rehabilitation, and a quick return to active social life.

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Al-Mulla, Fahd. "Genomic profiling of early-onset and hereditary breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 26_suppl (September 10, 2014): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.26_suppl.30.

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30 Background: Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Susceptibility is thought to be polygenic and the risk tends to increase in women with positive family history of breast cancer. Methods: We proposed an ambitious Middle Eastern-based study that entailed exome sequencing of approximately 50 women from the Middle East (M.E) with moderate family history of any cancer. DNA from tumor samples with matching lymphocytes from the same subjects and 50 normal Middle Eastern women without history of familial or sporadic cancers in the family, were subjected to whole-exome sequencing on the HiSeq 1000/2000 Illumina platforms to map major breast cancer–activating genetic defects. Results: Several unique to the M.E region and novel germline mutations in non-BRCA1/2 genes were identified in this cohort. Germline mutations in TP-53, BARD1 and mismatch repair genes were more frequent than expected by chance. More importantly, the breast cancers showed interesting copy number and mutations variants that may aid our understanding of breast cancer initiations. Conclusions: The M.E. breat cancer may be caused by a unique set of germline variants and that the M.E breast cancers may represent an entity that may aid in our understanding of this common disease.

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Rani, Dr Yelepi Usha, Lakshmi Sowmya Kotturi, and Dr G. Sudhakar. "A Deep Learning Technique for Classification of Breast Cancer Disease." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 11, no. 1 (October 30, 2021): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.a3119.1011121.

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In recent years researchers are intensely using machine learning and employing AI techniques in the medical field particularly in the domain of cancer. Breast cancer is one such example and many studies have proposed CAD systems and algorithms to efficiently detect cancer cells and tumors. Breast cancer is one of the dreadful cancers accounting for a large portion of deaths caused due to cancer worldwide mostly affecting women, needs early detection for proper diagnosis, and subsequent decrease in death rate. Thus, for efficient classification, we implemented different ML techniques on Wisconsin dataset [1] namely SVM, KNN, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Naive Bayes using accuracy as a performance metric, and as per observance, SVM has shown better results when compared to other algorithms. Also, we worked on Breast Histopathology Images [2] scanned at 40x which had images of IDC which is one of the most common types of breast cancers. And to work with the image dataset along with EDA we used high-end techniques like a mobile net where smote a resampling was used to handle imbalanced class distribution, CNN, SVC, InceptionResNetV2 where frameworks like Tensor Flow, Keras were loaded for supporting the environment and smoothly implement the algorithms.

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Laguens, Graciela, Silvia Coronato, and Wanda Girolamo. "Biomarkers in breast cancer." Open Medicine 1, no. 4 (December 1, 2006): 330–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-006-0032-9.

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AbstractBreast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers among women in the western world. Due to the aggressive behaviour of some specific types and the possibility of an early diagnosis, breast cancer has been constantly studied. Tumour size, histological type, cellular and nuclear characteristics, mitotic index, vascular invasion, hormonal receptors and axillary lymph node status are biomarkers routinely used. However, these parameters are not enough to predict the course of this disease. Molecular biology advances have made it possible to find new markers, which have already been incorporated to the clinical practice. Their ultimate goal is to reduce mortality by identifying women at risk for the development of this disease, help diagnosis, determine prognosis, detect recurrences, monitor and guide treatment, and in particular cancers they are suited for general screening. Tumour markers in breast cancer were ranked in categories reflecting their clinical utility, according to the American College of Pathologists.This article focuses on traditional and new molecular markers stratifying them into categories and emphasizing their relevance in the routine evaluation of patients with breast cancer.

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Nwagu, Marcellinus Uchechukwu, Ologo Thompson, and Akinola Oyekemi. "Advanced metastatic breast carcinoma in sickle cell disease." Universa Medicina 38, no. 2 (April 29, 2019): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.18051/univmed.2019.v38.139-143.

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Background Breast cancer is the leading cancer in women leading to over 400,000 deaths per year worldwide. It begins in the breast tissue and can metastasize to other organs if early diagnosis and treatment is not instituted. Women with sickle cell disease are usually spared from breast cancer and other solid tumours due to the tumoricidal effect of sickled erythrocytes. Breast cancers are rare among these group of patients. Despite its rare occurrence, this paper was to emphasize the need for breast cancer screening among female sickle cell disease patients who have positive family history of breast cancer. Case description OO was a 30-year old woman with sickle cell disease who presented to the hospital one and half years ago with a seven months history of right breast swelling and pains. She had lost her mother to breast cancer about 15 years ago. Mammography and histology of breast biopsy confirmed diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast. Financial constraint was a major challenge in managing this patient as she was unable to buy her chemotherapy. She developed features suggestive of metastasis such as seizures and hepatomegaly. She was stabilized and discharged home but we lost her to follow up. She died at home. Conclusion Breast cancer is rare among females with sickle cell disease; any of them with a family history should be routinely screened for early diagnosis and treatment.

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Lé, Monique G. "COFFEE CONSUMPTION, BENIGN BREAST DISEASE, AND BREAST CANCER." American Journal of Epidemiology 122, no. 4 (October 1985): 721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114152.

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BRINTON, LOUISE A. "Relationship of Benign Breast Disease to Breast Cancer." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 586, no. 1 Biochemistry (May 1990): 266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb17815.x.

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McGuire, William L., Roberto L. Ceriani, Jeffrey Schlom, and Arthur E. Frankel. "Monoclonal antibodies, benign breast disease, and breast cancer." Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 6, no. 1 (February 1985): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01806009.

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PARVANI, ZEHRA. "BREAST SELF EXAMINATION." Professional Medical Journal 18, no. 02 (June 10, 2011): 336–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2011.18.02.2107.

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Aim: The purpose of this systemic review is to explore the literature on breast self examination and on breast awareness. Objectives: To evaluate the importance of breast awareness. (1) To prove breast awareness is a an effective strategy for health promotion. (2) To clarify the difference between breast awareness and breast self examination. (3) To critique self breast examination as an effective method for screening breast cancers. Methodology: To review the literature supporting breast self examination and breast awareness Medline, CINAHL, Pubmed, Science Direct and Cochrane Databases were used. The key words “breast awareness”, “difference” and “breast self examination” were used in conjunction with “breast cancer”, “breast screening” and “health promotion” to search the recent articles of last 5 years from 2005 to 2010. Conclusions: It was concluded through the literature support that breast self-examination does not reduce breast cancer mortality whereas; breast awareness provides women with some knowledge about the breasts to fight breast disease and to reduce morbidity but not to reduce the mortality.

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Testa, Ugo, Germana Castelli, and Elvira Pelosi. "Breast Cancer: A Molecularly Heterogenous Disease Needing Subtype-Specific Treatments." Medical Sciences 8, no. 1 (March 23, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medsci8010018.

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Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women. There were over two-million new cases in world in 2018. It is the second leading cause of death from cancer in western countries. At the molecular level, breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, which is characterized by high genomic instability evidenced by somatic gene mutations, copy number alterations, and chromosome structural rearrangements. The genomic instability is caused by defects in DNA damage repair, transcription, DNA replication, telomere maintenance and mitotic chromosome segregation. According to molecular features, breast cancers are subdivided in subtypes, according to activation of hormone receptors (estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor), of human epidermal growth factors receptor 2 (HER2), and or BRCA mutations. In-depth analyses of the molecular features of primary and metastatic breast cancer have shown the great heterogeneity of genetic alterations and their clonal evolution during disease development. These studies have contributed to identify a repertoire of numerous disease-causing genes that are altered through different mutational processes. While early-stage breast cancer is a curable disease in about 70% of patients, advanced breast cancer is largely incurable. However, molecular studies have contributed to develop new therapeutic approaches targeting HER2, CDK4/6, PI3K, or involving poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors for BRCA mutation carriers and immunotherapy.

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Kempisty, Anna, Ewa Augustynowicz-Kopec, Lucyna Opoka, and Monika Szturmowicz. "Mycobacterium szulgai Lung Disease or Breast Cancer Relapse—Case Report." Antibiotics 9, no. 8 (August 5, 2020): 482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9080482.

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Cancers are one of the risk factors of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lung disease. The majority of data in this group of patients concern infections caused by Mycobacterium avium—the most prevalent NTM species worldwide. In contrast, limited information can be found regarding the uncommon NTM such as Mycobacterium szulgai. We present the case of M. szulgai lung disease in a patient with a history of breast cancer. Coexistence of NTM lung disease and breast cancer lung metastasis as well as primary lung cancer was suspected. Finally, neoplastic disease was ruled out based on negative results of endobronchial biopsy and negative tumor markers for lung and breast cancer. M. szulgai lung disease was successfully treated with rifampicin, ethambutol and clarithromycin.

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Zhukova, Liudmila G., Iuliia I. Andreeva, Larisa E. Zavalishina, Aziz D. Zakiriakhodzhaev, Irina A. Koroleva, Aleksei V. Nazarenko, Ruslan M. Paltuev, et al. "Breast cancer." Journal of Modern Oncology 23, no. 1 (May 19, 2021): 5–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2021.1.200823.

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Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor originating from the epithelium of the breast tissue. There is no single etiological factor in the development of breast cancer. In 310% of patients with breast cancer, the development of the disease is associated with the presence of mutations in the breast cancer gene (BRCA) 1, BRCA2, CHEK, NBS1, TP53. In other patients, breast cancer is sporadic.

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Passarelli, Michael N., Polly A. Newcomb, John M. Hampton, Amy Trentham-Dietz, Linda J. Titus, Kathleen M. Egan, John A. Baron, and Walter C. Willett. "Cigarette Smoking Before and After Breast Cancer Diagnosis: Mortality From Breast Cancer and Smoking-Related Diseases." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 12 (April 20, 2016): 1315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.63.9328.

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Purpose Cigarette smoking increases overall mortality, but it is not established whether smoking is associated with breast cancer prognosis. Methods We evaluated the association between smoking status before and after breast cancer diagnosis and mortality in the Collaborative Breast Cancer and Women’s Longevity Study, a population-based prospective observational study conducted in Wisconsin, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts. Participants included 20,691 women, ages 20 to 79 years, diagnosed with incident localized or regional invasive breast cancer between 1988 and 2008; a subset of 4,562 of these women were recontacted a median of 6 years after diagnosis. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs were calculated according to smoking status for death as a result of breast cancer; cancers of the lung, pharynx, or intrathoracic organs; other cancer; respiratory disease; and cardiovascular disease. Results During a median of 12 years, 6,778 women died, including 2,894 who died as a result of breast cancer. Active smokers 1 year before breast cancer diagnosis were more likely than never smokers to die of breast cancer (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.37), respiratory cancer (HR, 14.48; 95% CI, 9.89 to 21.21), other respiratory disease (HR, 6.02; 95% CI, 4.55 to 7.97), and cardiovascular disease (HR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.80 to 2.41). The 10% of women who continued to smoke after diagnosis were more likely than never smokers to die of breast cancer (HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.13 to 2.60). When compared with women who continued to smoke after diagnosis, those who quit smoking after diagnosis had lower mortality from breast cancer (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.38 to 1.19) and respiratory cancer (HR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.16 to 0.95). Conclusion Smoking before or after diagnosis was associated with a higher mortality from breast cancer and several other causes.

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Jevric, M., V. Posarac, S. Susnjar, Z. Neskovic-Konstantinovic, D. Gavrilovic, S. Jokic, I. Markovic, and R. Dzodic. "163. Male breast cancer – the same disease as female breast cancer?" European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO) 40, no. 11 (November 2014): S71—S72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2014.08.158.

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Ahmed, Adamu, Yahaya Ukwenya, Adamu Abdullahi, and Iliyasu Muhammad. "Management and Outcomes of Male Breast Cancer in Zaria, Nigeria." International Journal of Breast Cancer 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/845143.

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Male breast cancer is an uncommon disease accounting for only 1% of all breast cancers. We present the evaluation, treatment and outcome of male patients seen with breast cancer in our institution. Male patients that had histological diagnosis of breast cancer from 2001 to 2010 were retrospectively evaluated. After evaluation patients were treated with modified radical mastectomy. Combination chemotherapy was given to patients with positive axillary lymph nodes. Radiotherapy and hormonal therapy were also employed. There were 57 male patients with breast cancer which accounted for 9% of all breast cancers seen during the study period. Their mean age was 59 ± 2.3 years. The mean tumor diameter was 13 ± 2.5 cm. Fifty three (93%) patients presented with advanced disease including 15 with distant metastasis. Four patients with stage II disease were treated with modified radical mastectomy, chemotherapy and tamoxifen. Of the 30 patients with sage III disease that had modified radical mastectomy, complete axillary clearance and tumor free margins were achieved in 25. Overall 21 (36.8%) patients were tumor free at one year. Overall 5-year survival was 22.8%. In conclusion, male patients with breast cancer present with advanced disease which is associated with poor outcome of treatment.

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Makhoul, Issam, Mohammad Atiq, Ahmed Alwbari, and Thomas Kieber-Emmons. "Breast Cancer Immunotherapy: An Update." Breast Cancer: Basic and Clinical Research 12 (January 1, 2018): 117822341877480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178223418774802.

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The immune system plays a major role in cancer surveillance. Harnessing its power to treat many cancers is now a reality that has led to cures in hopeless situations where no other solutions were available from traditional anticancer drugs. These spectacular achievements rekindled the oncology community’s interest in extending the benefits to all cancers including breast cancer. The first section of this article reviews the biological foundations of the immune response to different subtypes of breast cancer and the ways cancer may overcome the immune attack leading to cancer disease. The second section is dedicated to the actual immune treatments including breast cancer vaccines, checkpoint inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, and the “unconventional” immune role of chemotherapy.

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Puppe, Julian, Tabea Seifert, Christian Eichler, Henryk Pilch, Peter Mallmann, and Wolfram Malter. "Genomic Signatures in Luminal Breast Cancer." Breast Care 15, no. 4 (2020): 355–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000509846.

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Background: Breast cancer is a very heterogeneous disease and luminal breast carcinomas represent the hormone receptor-positive tumors among all breast cancer subtypes. In this context, multigene signatures were developed to gain further prognostic and predictive information beyond clinical parameters and traditional immunohistochemical markers. Summary: For early breast cancer patients these molecular tools can guide clinicians to decide on the extension of endocrine therapy to avoid over- and undertreatment by adjuvant chemotherapy. Beside the predictive and prognostic value, a few genomic tests are also able to provide intrinsic subtype classification. In this review, we compare the most frequently used and commercially available molecular tests (OncotypeDX®, MammaPrint®, Prosigna®, EndoPredict®, and Breast Cancer IndexSM). Moreover, we discuss the clinical utility of molecular profiling for advanced breast cancer of the luminal subtype. Key Messages: Multigene assays can help to de-escalate systemic therapy in early-stage breast cancer. Only the Oncotype DX® and MammaPrint®test are validated by entirely prospective and randomized phase 3 trials. More clinical evidence is needed to support the use of genomic tests in node-positive disease. Recent developments in high-throughput sequencing technology will provide further insights to understand the heterogeneity of luminal breast cancers in early-stage and metastatic disease.

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Meaburn, Karen J., Prabhakar R. Gudla, Sameena Khan, Stephen J. Lockett, and Tom Misteli. "Disease-specific gene repositioning in breast cancer." Journal of Cell Biology 187, no. 6 (December 7, 2009): 801–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200909127.

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Genomes are nonrandomly organized within the three-dimensional space of the cell nucleus. Here, we have identified several genes whose nuclear positions are altered in human invasive breast cancer compared with normal breast tissue. The changes in positioning are gene specific and are not a reflection of genomic instability within the cancer tissue. Repositioning events are specific to cancer and do not generally occur in noncancerous breast disease. Moreover, we show that the spatial positions of genes are highly consistent between individuals. Our data indicate that cancer cells have disease-specific gene distributions. These interphase gene positioning patterns may be used to identify cancer tissues.

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Manna, Subrata, and Marina K. Holz. "Tamoxifen Action in ER-Negative Breast Cancer." Signal Transduction Insights 5 (January 2016): STI.S29901. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/sti.s29901.

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Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease. Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator and is mainly indicated for the treatment of breast cancer in postmenopausal women and postsurgery neoadjuvant therapy in ER-positive breast cancers. Interestingly, 5-10% of the ER-negative breast cancers have also shown sensitivity to tamoxifen treatment. The involvement of molecular markers and/or signaling pathways independent of ER signaling has been implicated in tamoxifen sensitivity in the ER-negative subgroup. Studies reveal that variation in the expression of estrogen-related receptor alpha, ER subtype beta, tumor microenvironment, and epigenetics affects tamoxifen sensitivity. This review discusses the background of the research on the action of tamoxifen that may inspire future studies to explore effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of ER-negative and triple-negative breast cancers, the latter being an aggressive disease with worse clinical outcome.

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Benns, Matthew V., Tammy Luk, and Charles R. Scoggins. "Article Commentary: Surgical Prophylaxis for Inheritable Malignant Diseases: Breast Cancer and Endocrine Disease." American Surgeon 75, no. 7 (July 2009): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480907500701.

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Despite advances in modern medicine, cancer remains all too common and deadly. At its core, cancer is a disease of our DNA. As such, many cancers are passed from parents to children, making cancer one of the most commonly inherited diseases. Presently, we have no meaningful methods of “preventing” the malignant transformation that occurs as a result of an inherited gene, but investigators have identified several genetic mutations and subsequently developed risk-reduction strategies that sometimes involve surgery.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Breast disease; Cancer'

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