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Journal articles on the topic 'Breakthrough Listen'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Perez, Karen I., Wael Farah, Sofia Z. Sheikh, Steve Croft, Andrew Siemion, Alexander W. Pollak, Bryan Brzycki, et al. "Breakthrough Listen Search for the WOW! Signal*." Research Notes of the AAS 6, no. 9 (September 26, 2022): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2515-5172/ac9408.

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Abstract Caballero identified the star 2MASS 19281982-2640123 as a potential Sun-like star from which the WOW! signal could have originated. We conducted a search for artificial narrowband (2.79 Hz/1.91 Hz), drifting (±4 Hz s−1) technosignatures from this source using the turboSETI pipeline, from 1–2 GHz, using simultaneous multi-telescope observations with both the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope and the newly refurbished Allen Telescope Array on 2022 May 21. Both telescope observations had an overlap of 580 s. While blind searches using radio telescopes have been conducted in the general field of view in which the WOW! signal was first detected, this is the first time a targeted search has been done. No technosignature candidates were detected.

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2

Lacki, Brian C., Bryan Brzycki, Steve Croft, Daniel Czech, David DeBoer, Julia DeMarines, Vishal Gajjar, et al. "One of Everything: The Breakthrough Listen Exotica Catalog." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 257, no. 2 (November 24, 2021): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ac168a.

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Abstract We present Breakthrough Listen’s Exotica Catalog as the centerpiece of our efforts to expand the diversity of targets surveyed in the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI). As motivation, we introduce the concept of survey breadth, the diversity of objects observed during a program. Several reasons for pursuing a broad program are given, including increasing the chance of a positive result in SETI, commensal astrophysics, and characterizing systematics. The Exotica Catalog is a 963 entry collection of 816 distinct targets intended to include “one of everything” in astronomy. It contains four samples: the Prototype sample, with an archetype of every known major type of nontransient celestial object; the Superlative sample of objects, with the most extreme properties; the Anomaly sample of enigmatic targets that are in some way unexplained; and the Control sample, with sources not expected to produce positive results. As far as we are aware, this is the first object list in recent times with the purpose of spanning the breadth of astrophysics. We share it with the community in hopes that it can guide treasury surveys and as a general reference work. Accompanying the catalog is an extensive discussion of the classification of objects and a new classification system for anomalies. Extensive notes on the objects in the catalog are available online. We discuss how we intend to proceed with observations in the catalog, contrast it with our extant Exotica efforts, and suggest how similar tactics may be applied to other programs.

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3

Price, Danny, J. Enriquez, Yuhong Chen, and Mark Siebert. "Blimpy: Breakthrough Listen I/O Methods for Python." Journal of Open Source Software 4, no. 42 (October 21, 2019): 1554. http://dx.doi.org/10.21105/joss.01554.

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4

Enriquez, J. Emilio, Andrew Siemion, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Matt Lebofsky, David H. E. MacMahon, Ryan S. Park, Steve Croft, et al. "Breakthrough Listen Observations of 1I/′Oumuamua with the GBT." Research Notes of the AAS 2, no. 1 (January 15, 2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2515-5172/aaa6c9.

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5

Perez, Karen, Bryan Brzycki, Vishal Gajjar, Howard Isaacson, Andrew Siemion, Steve Croft, David DeBoer, et al. "Breakthrough Listen Search for Technosignatures toward the Kepler-160 System." Research Notes of the AAS 4, no. 6 (June 25, 2020): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2515-5172/ab9f36.

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6

Czech, Daniel, Howard Isaacson, Logan Pearce, Tyler Cox, Sofia Z. Sheikh, Bryan Brzycki, Sarah Buchner, et al. "The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: MeerKAT Target Selection." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 133, no. 1024 (June 1, 2021): 064502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/abf329.

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7

Worden, S. Pete, Jamie Drew, Andrew Siemion, Dan Werthimer, David DeBoer, Steve Croft, David MacMahon, et al. "Breakthrough Listen – A new search for life in the universe." Acta Astronautica 139 (October 2017): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2017.06.008.

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8

Kumar, Pravir, Danny C. Price, Adam T. Deller, Vishal Gajjar, and Ryan M. Shannon. "A Search for Bursts from FRB 191228 in Breakthrough Listen Archival Data." Research Notes of the AAS 4, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2515-5172/aba11d.

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9

Gajjar, Vishal, Karen I. Perez, Andrew P. V. Siemion, Griffin Foster, Bryan Brzycki, Shami Chatterjee, Yuhong Chen, et al. "The Breakthrough Listen Search For Intelligent Life Near the Galactic Center. I." Astronomical Journal 162, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abfd36.

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10

Price, Danny C., Steve Croft, David DeBoer, Jamie Drew, J. Emilio Enriquez, Griffin Foster, Vishal Gajjar, et al. "Breakthrough Listen Observations of Asteroid (514107) 2015 BZ509 with the Parkes Radio Telescope." Research Notes of the AAS 3, no. 1 (January 25, 2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2515-5172/ab010b.

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11

Lebofsky, Matthew, Steve Croft, Andrew P. V. Siemion, Danny C. Price, J. Emilio Enriquez, Howard Isaacson, David H. E. MacMahon, et al. "The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: Public Data, Formats, Reduction, and Archiving." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 131, no. 1006 (November 4, 2019): 124505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/ab3e82.

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12

Price, D. C., G. Foster, M. Geyer, W. van Straten, V. Gajjar, G. Hellbourg, A. Karastergiou, et al. "A fast radio burst with frequency-dependent polarization detected during Breakthrough Listen observations." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 486, no. 3 (April 8, 2019): 3636–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz958.

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ABSTRACT Here, we report on the detection and verification of fast radio burst FRB 180301, which occurred on utc 2018 March 1 during the Breakthrough Listen observations with the Parkes telescope. Full-polarization voltage data of the detection were captured – a first for non-repeating FRBs – allowing for coherent de-dispersion and additional verification tests. The coherently de-dispersed dynamic spectrum of FRB 180301 shows complex, polarized frequency structure over a small fractional bandwidth. As FRB 180301 was detected close to the geosynchronous satellite band during a time of known 1–2 GHz satellite transmissions, we consider whether the burst was due to radio interference emitted or reflected from an orbiting object. Based on the pre-ponderance of our verification tests, we cannot conclusively determine FRB 180301 to be either astrophysical or anthropogenic in origin.

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13

Keller, Aya, Sean O’Brien, Adyant Kamdar, Nicholas M. Rapidis, Alexander F. Leder, and Karl van Bibber. "A Model-independent Radio Telescope Dark Matter Search." Astrophysical Journal 927, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac4d93.

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Abstract A novel search technique for ultralight dark matter has been developed and carried out over a narrow range in the L band, utilizing the recent Breakthrough Listen public data release of three years of observation with the Green Bank Telescope. The search concept depends only on the assumption of decay or annihilation of virialized dark matter to a quasimonochromatic radio line, and additionally that the frequency and intensity of the line be consistent with most general properties expected of the phase space of our Milky Way halo. Specifically, the search selects for a line that exhibits a Doppler shift with position according to the solar motion through a static Galactic halo and similarly varies in intensity with the position with respect to the Galactic center. Over the frequency range 1.73–1.83 GHz, radiative annihilation of dark matter is excluded above 〈σ v〉 = 1.2 × 10−47 cm3 s−1 and for decay above λ = 4.1 × 10−35 s−1. The analysis of the full Breakthrough Listen GBT data set by this method (25,000 spectra, 1.1-11.6 GHz) is currently underway.

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14

Sheikh, Sofia Z., Shane Smith, Danny C. Price, David DeBoer, Brian C. Lacki, Daniel J. Czech, Steve Croft, et al. "Analysis of the Breakthrough Listen signal of interest blc1 with a technosignature verification framework." Nature Astronomy 5, no. 11 (October 25, 2021): 1153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41550-021-01508-8.

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AbstractThe aim of the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) is to find technologically capable life beyond Earth through their technosignatures. On 2019 April 29, the Breakthrough Listen SETI project observed Proxima Centauri with the Parkes ‘Murriyang’ radio telescope. These data contained a narrowband signal with characteristics broadly consistent with a technosignature near 982 MHz (‘blc1’). Here we present a procedure for the analysis of potential technosignatures, in the context of the ubiquity of human-generated radio interference, which we apply to blc1. Using this procedure, we find that blc1 is not an extraterrestrial technosignature, but rather an electronically drifting intermodulation product of local, time-varying interferers aligned with the observing cadence. We find dozens of instances of radio interference with similar morphologies to blc1 at frequencies harmonically related to common clock oscillators. These complex intermodulation products highlight the necessity for detailed follow-up of any signal of interest using a procedure such as the one outlined in this work.

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15

Wlodarczyk-Sroka, B. S., M. A. Garrett, and A. P. V. Siemion. "Extending the Breakthrough Listen nearby star survey to other stellar objects in the field." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 498, no. 4 (September 8, 2020): 5720–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2672.

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ABSTRACT We extend the source sample recently observed by the Breakthrough Listen (BL) Initiative by including additional stars (with parallaxes measured by Gaia) that also reside within the full width at half-maximum of the Green Bank 100-m Telescope and Parkes radio telescope target fields. These stars have estimated distances as listed in the extensions of the Gaia DR2 catalogue. Enlarging the sample from 1327 to 288 315 stellar objects permits us to achieve substantially better Continuous Waveform Transmitter Rate Figures of Merit (CWTFM) than any previous analysis, and allows us to place the tightest limits yet on the prevalence of nearby high-duty-cycle extraterrestrial transmitters. The results suggest ≲0.0660$^{+0.0004}_{-0.0003}$ per cent of stellar systems within 50 pc host such transmitters (assuming an EIRP ≳ 1013 W) and ≲0.039$^{+0.004}_{-0.008}$ per cent within 200 pc (assuming an EIRP ≳ 2.5 × 1014 W). We further extend our analysis to much greater distances, though we caution that the detection of narrow-band signals beyond a few hundred pc may be affected by interstellar scintillation. The extended sample also permits us to place new constraints on the prevalence of extraterrestrial transmitters by stellar type and spectral class. Our results suggest targeted analyses of Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence radio data can benefit from taking into account the fact that in addition to the target at the field centre, many other cosmic objects reside within the primary beam response of a parabolic radio telescope. These include foreground and background Galactic stars, but also extragalactic systems. With distances measured by Gaia, these additional sources can be used to place improved limits on the prevalence of extraterrestrial transmitters, and extend the analysis to a wide range of cosmic objects.

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16

Lipman, David, Howard Isaacson, Andrew P. V. Siemion, Matt Lebofsky, Danny C. Price, David MacMahon, Steve Croft, et al. "The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: Searching Boyajian's Star for Laser Line Emission." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 131, no. 997 (February 11, 2019): 034202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/aafe86.

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17

Price, Danny. "Breakthrough Listen is scanning more of space than ever to try to find intelligent life." IEEE Spectrum 58, no. 2 (February 2021): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mspec.2021.9340120.

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18

Enriquez, J. Emilio, Andrew Siemion, Griffin Foster, Vishal Gajjar, Greg Hellbourg, Jack Hickish, Howard Isaacson, et al. "The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: 1.1–1.9 GHz Observations of 692 Nearby Stars." Astrophysical Journal 849, no. 2 (November 6, 2017): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa8d1b.

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19

Franz, Noah, Steve Croft, Andrew P. V. Siemion, Raffy Traas, Bryan Brzycki, Vishal Gajjar, Howard Isaacson, et al. "The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: Technosignature Search of Transiting TESS Targets of Interest." Astronomical Journal 163, no. 3 (February 1, 2022): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac46c9.

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Abstract The Breakthrough Listen (BL) Initiative, as part of its larger mission, is performing the most thorough technosignature search of nearby stars. Additionally, BL is collaborating with scientists working on NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) to examine TESS Targets of Interest (TOIs) for technosignatures. Here, we present a 1–11 GHz radio technosignature search of 61 TESS TOIs that were in transit during their BL observation at the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope. We performed a narrowband Doppler drift search with a minimum S/N threshold of 10 across a drift rate range of ±4 Hz s−1 with a resolution of 3 Hz. We removed radio frequency interference by comparing signals across cadences of target sources. After interference removal, there are no remaining events in our survey, and therefore no technosignature signals of interest detected in this work. This null result implies that at L, S, C, and X bands, fewer than 52%, 20%, 16%, and 15%, respectively, of TESS TOIs possess a transmitter with an equivalent isotropic radiated power greater than a few times 1014 W.

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20

Price, Danny C., David H. E. MacMahon, Matt Lebofsky, Howard Isaacson, Sofia Sheikh, Daniel Czech, Vishal Gajjar, et al. "Expanded Capability of the Breakthrough Listen Parkes Data Recorder for Observations with the UWL Receiver." Research Notes of the AAS 5, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2515-5172/ac00c1.

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21

Price, Danny C., J. Emilio Enriquez, Bryan Brzycki, Steve Croft, Daniel Czech, David DeBoer, Julia DeMarines, et al. "The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: Observations of 1327 Nearby Stars Over 1.10–3.45 GHz." Astronomical Journal 159, no. 3 (February 5, 2020): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab65f1.

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22

Atalay, Sonya, William Lempert, David Delgado Shorter, and Kim TallBear. "Indigenous Studies Working Group Statement." American Indian Culture and Research Journal 45, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17953/aicrj.45.1.atalay_etal.

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In 2018, the authors were invited to share their perspectives as Indigenous studies scholars to the work of Breakthrough Listen, an organization affiliated with both the Berkeley SETI Research Center (BSRC) and the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI). This collectively authored statement highlights some of the ethical concerns these authors perceived regarding the history colonialism and the expectations to find “advanced” or “intelligent” extraterrestrial life. A prologue contextualizes the short working group statement and we then provide the unedited original statement in its entirety.

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23

Faber, Jakob T., Vishal Gajjar, Andrew P. V. Siemion, Steve Croft, Daniel Czech, David DeBoer, Julia DeMarines, et al. "Re-analysis of Breakthrough Listen Observations of FRB 121102: Polarization Properties of Eight New Spectrally Narrow Bursts." Research Notes of the AAS 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2515-5172/abde48.

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Abstract We report polarization properties for eight narrowband bursts from FRB 121102 that have been re-detected in a high-frequency (4–8 GHz) Breakthrough Listen observation with the Green Bank Telescope, originally taken on 2017 August 26. The bursts were found to exhibit nearly 100% linear polarization, Faraday rotation measures bordering 9.3 × 104 rad m−2, and stable polarization position angles, all of which agree with burst properties previously reported for FRB 121102 at the same epoch. We confirm that these detections are indeed physical bursts with limited spectral occupancies and further support the use of sub-banded search techniques in FRB detection.

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24

Traas, Raffy, Steve Croft, Vishal Gajjar, Howard Isaacson, Matt Lebofsky, David H. E. MacMahon, Karen Perez, et al. "The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: Searching for Technosignatures in Observations of TESS Targets of Interest." Astronomical Journal 161, no. 6 (May 26, 2021): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abf649.

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25

Brzycki, Bryan, Andrew Siemion, Steve Croft, Daniel Czech, David DeBoer, Julia DeMarines, Jamie Drew, et al. "Breakthrough Listen Follow-up of the Random Transiter (EPIC 249706694/HD 139139) with the Green Bank Telescope." Research Notes of the AAS 3, no. 10 (October 10, 2019): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2515-5172/ab4bd6.

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26

Simpson, Fergus. "The longevity of habitable planets and the development of intelligent life." International Journal of Astrobiology 16, no. 3 (August 30, 2016): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550416000306.

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AbstractWhy did the emergence of our species require a timescale similar to the entire habitable period of our planet? Our late appearance has previously been interpreted by Carter (2008) as evidence that observers typically require a very long development time, implying that intelligent life is a rare occurrence. Here we present an alternative explanation, which simply asserts that many planets possess brief periods of habitability. We also propose that the rate-limiting step for the formation of observers is the enlargement of species from an initially microbial state. In this scenario, the development of intelligent life is a slow but almost inevitable process, greatly enhancing the prospects of future search for extra-terrestrial intelligence (SETI) experiments such as the Breakthrough Listen project.

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27

MacMahon, David H. E., Danny C. Price, Matthew Lebofsky, Andrew P. V. Siemion, Steve Croft, David DeBoer, J. Emilio Enriquez, et al. "The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: A Wideband Data Recorder System for the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 130, no. 986 (February 21, 2018): 044502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/aa80d2.

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28

Enriquez, J. Emilio, Andrew Siemion, Ryan Dana, Steve Croft, Abel Méndez, Andrew Xu, David DeBoer, et al. "Breakthrough Listen follow-up of the reported transient signal observed at the Arecibo Telescope in the direction of Ross 128." International Journal of Astrobiology 18, no. 1 (December 18, 2017): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550417000465.

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AbstractWe undertook observations with the Green Bank Telescope, simultaneously with the 300 m telescope in Arecibo, as a follow-up of a possible flare of radio emission from Ross 128. We report here the non-detections from the GBT observations in C band (4–8 GHz), as well as non-detections in archival data at L band (1.1–1.9 GHz). We suggest that a likely scenario is that the emission comes from one or more satellites passing through the same region of the sky.

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29

Gajjar, V., A. P. V. Siemion, D. C. Price, C. J. Law, D. Michilli, J. W. T. Hessels, S. Chatterjee, et al. "Highest Frequency Detection of FRB 121102 at 4–8 GHz Using the Breakthrough Listen Digital Backend at the Green Bank Telescope." Astrophysical Journal 863, no. 1 (August 6, 2018): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aad005.

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30

Sheikh, Sofia Z., Andrew Siemion, J. Emilio Enriquez, Danny C. Price, Howard Isaacson, Matt Lebofsky, Vishal Gajjar, and Paul Kalas. "The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: A 3.95–8.00 GHz Search for Radio Technosignatures in the Restricted Earth Transit Zone." Astronomical Journal 160, no. 1 (June 18, 2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab9361.

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31

Keller, A., S. O’Brien, A. Kamdar, N. Rapidis, A. F. Leder, and K. van Bibber. "A Model-Independent Radio Telescope Dark Matter Search." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2156, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2156/1/012026.

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Abstract A novel search technique for ultralight dark matter has been developed and initially carried out over a limited range of frequency in L-band, utilizing the recent Breakthrough Listen public data release of three years of observation with the Green Bank Telescope. The search concept depends only on the assumption of decay or annihilation of virialized dark matter leading to a quasi-monochromatic radio line, and additionally that the frequency and intensity of the line be consistent with very general expected properties of the phase space of our Milky Way halo. Specifically, the search selects for a line which exhibits a Doppler shift with position according to the solar motion through a static galactic halo, and similarly varies in intensity with position with respect to the halo profile. The analysis of the full L-, S-, C- and X-band dataset by this method is currently underway.

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32

Fonseca, Luis Miguel, and José Pedro Domingues. "Listen to ISO 9001:2015 for organizational competitiveness: Correlation between change management and improvement." Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 11, no. 1 (July 1, 2017): 916–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/picbe-2017-0097.

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Abstract In their quest to achieve superior performance and business results, organizations have extensively adopted models such as ISO 9001 Quality Managements Standards. Research supports that Quality Management System brings significant benefits for organizations competitiveness and success and more than 1 million organizations of all activity sectors worldwide have implemented ISO 9001. In a world of increasingly complexity and interconnection, the revised ISO 9001:2015 International Standard aims to ensure that Quality Management Systems are flexible while remaining reliable. The concept of Change Management was introduced in the standard and Improvement can be achieved both in a continual/incremental mode (already present in the ISO 9001:2008 edition) and in a breakthrough change/disruptive mode (new in ISO 9001:2015). ISO 9001:2015 is now closer to Business Excellence Models, such as the EFQM, that highlight the need for agility and flexibility for enduring success. To access if organizations that have already implemented ISO 9001:2015 are indeed managing change and achieving improvement, and if there is a relationship between these two variables, a survey was held with IRCA ISO 9001 Registered Auditors on a worldwide basis. Sample normality was confirmed trough Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test and the hypothesis was tested by using Pearson Correlation coefficient. The findings show that the auditee organizations have positively implemented ISO 9001:2015 requirements on change management and improvement. There is also a strong positive correlation between change management and improvement, suggesting that the organizations that properly manage change by planning, designing, implementing, and controlling change in an effective and efficient way, demonstrate a higher level of performance and results improvement. These conclusions have significant implications for the Quality/Organizational Excellence Management Body of Knowledge, requiring a new way of thinking for 21st-century organizations and reinforced attention to change management processes and the skills needed by the Quality/Organizational Excellence Managers professionals, for their successful use.

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33

Isaacson, Howard, Andrew P. V. Siemion, Geoffrey W. Marcy, Jack Hickish, Danny C. Price, J. Emilio Enriquez, and Nectaria Gizani. "The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: No Evidence of Claimed Periodic Spectral Modulations in High-resolution Optical Spectra of Nearby Stars." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 131, no. 995 (December 4, 2018): 014201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/aaeae0.

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34

Brzycki, Bryan, Andrew P. V. Siemion, Imke de Pater, Steve Croft, John Hoang, Cherry Ng, Danny C. Price, Sofia Sheikh, and Zihe Zheng. "Setigen: Simulating Radio Technosignatures for the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence." Astronomical Journal 163, no. 5 (April 20, 2022): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac5e3d.

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Abstract The goal of the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) is the detection of nonhuman technosignatures, such as technology-produced emission in radio observations. While many have speculated about the character of such technosignatures, radio SETI fundamentally involves searching for signals that not only have never been detected, but also have a vast range of potential morphologies. Given that we have not yet detected a radio SETI signal, we must make assumptions about their form to develop search algorithms. The lack of positive detections also makes it difficult to test these algorithms’ inherent efficacy. To address these challenges, we present setigen, a Python-based, open-source library for heuristic-based signal synthesis and injection for both spectrograms (dynamic spectra) and raw voltage data. setigen facilitates the production of synthetic radio observations, interfaces with standard data products used extensively by the Breakthrough Listen project, and focuses on providing a physically motivated synthesis framework compatible with real observational data and associated search methods. We discuss the core routines of setigen and present existing and future use cases in the development and evaluation of SETI search algorithms.

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35

Marcy, G. W. "A search for optical laser emission from Proxima Centauri." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 505, no. 3 (May 22, 2021): 3537–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1440.

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ABSTRACT A search for laser light from Proxima Centauri was performed, including 107 high-resolution, optical spectra obtained between 2004 and 2019 with the HARPS spectrometer. The search for laser light involved rejecting sharp peaks in the spectrum from stellar flares, fluorescent city lights, and elementary particles that directly hit the CCD detector. The search revealed unexpected spectral ‘combs’ found at equally spaced frequencies, which were not known to the observer nor to the builder of the spectrometer. But they came from stray, optical ghosts of light originating with an interferometric etalon filter and its light source at the telescope. Future observers must be aware of this contamination. The 107 spectra of Proxima Centauri show no evidence of any laser emission nor technological signatures of any type. Of special interest are 29 spectra obtained between March and July 2019 when the candidate technological radio signal, BLC1, was captured by Breakthrough Listen. This search would have revealed laser light from Proxima Centauri pointed toward Earth if the laser had a power at least 20 to 120 kilowatts (depending on wavelength) and was positioned within the 1.3 au field of view, assuming a benchmark laser launcher having a 10-m aperture. Smaller lasers would also have been detected, but would require more power.

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36

Von Harpe, M. "East German media in transition after reunification." Literator 18, no. 3 (April 30, 1997): 183–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v18i3.573.

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This article analyses the issue of how the “post-socialist" civil society of the former GDR can be reconstructed to reduce dependence of the media on the state and on future private ownership, thereby maximising freedom of communication. The media had a powerful impact on the transitional phase following reunification. Before 1989 West German television and radio stations were "windows to the West". After reunification East Germans preferred to have their own newspapers, to watch their own television programmes or to listen to their own radio programmes. There has been some criticism about the quality of the media, but the majority of the contemporary audience is satisfied now. To meet the expectations of their audience the journalists themselves have learned to devote special attention to East German problems. One problem of concern is media concentration. Privatisation entails the danger that monopolising trends in mass media, especially in newspaper publishing, will continue in the new East German Lánder. Deregulation and quality programming offer an opportunity for a major breakthrough and new forms of media organisation and management. The period of acclimatisation following the reunification has, however, been too short for the mass media. Nevertheless, owing to specific characteristics of reunification, the transition East Germans have had to make has been largely successful.

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Kaltenegger, L., and J. Pepper. "Which stars can see Earth as a transiting exoplanet?" Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 499, no. 1 (October 21, 2020): L111—L115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slaa161.

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ABSTRACT Transit observations have found the majority of exoplanets to date. Also spectroscopic observations of transits and eclipses are the most commonly used tool to characterize exoplanet atmospheres and will be used in the search for life. However, an exoplanet’s orbit must be aligned with our line of sight to observe a transit. Here, we ask, from which stellar vantage points would a distant observer be able to search for life on Earth in the same way? We use the TESS Input Catalog and data from Gaia DR2 to identify the closest stars that could see Earth as a transiting exoplanet: We identify 1004 main-sequence stars within 100 parsecs, of which 508 guarantee a minimum 10-h long observation of Earth’s transit. Our star list consists of about 77 percent M-type, 12 percent K-type, 6 percent G-type, 4 percent F-type stars, and 1 percent A-type stars close to the ecliptic. SETI searches like the Breakthrough Listen Initiative are already focusing on this part of the sky. Our catalogue now provides a target list for this search. As part of the extended mission, NASA’s TESS will also search for transiting planets in the ecliptic to find planets that could already have found life on our transiting Earth .

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Kipping, David. "Black swans in astronomical data." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 504, no. 3 (April 27, 2021): 4054–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1129.

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ABSTRACT Astronomy has always been propelled by the discovery of new phenomena lacking precedent, often followed by new theories to explain their existence and properties. In the modern era of large surveys tiling the sky at ever high precision and sampling rates, these serendipitous discoveries look set to continue, with recent examples including Boyajian’s Star, Fast Radio Bursts, and ‘Oumuamua. Accordingly, we here look ahead and aim to provide a statistical framework for interpreting such events and providing guidance to future observations, under the basic premise that the phenomenon in question stochastically repeat at some unknown, constant rate, λ. Specifically, expressions are derived for (1) the a posteriori distribution for λ, (2) the a posteriori distribution for the recurrence time, and, (3) the benefit-to-cost ratio of further observations relative to that of the inaugural event. Some rule-of-thumb results for each of these are found to be (1) $\lambda \lt \lbrace 0.7, 2.3, 4.6\rbrace \, t_1^{-1}$ to $\lbrace 50, 90, 95\rbrace {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ confidence (where t1 = time to obtain the first detection), (2) the recurrence time is $t_2 \lt \lbrace 1, 9, 99\rbrace \, t_1$ to $\lbrace 50, 90, 95\rbrace {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ confidence, with a lack of repetition by time t2 yielding a p-value of 1/[1 + (t2/t1)], and, (3) follow-up for $\lesssim 10\, t_1$ is expected to be scientifically worthwhile under an array of differing assumptions about the object’s intrinsic scientific value. We apply these methods to the Breakthrough Listen Candidate 1 signal and tidal disruption events observed by TESS.

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Tusay, Nick, Macy J. Huston, Cayla M. Dedrick, Stephen Kerby, Michael L. Palumbo III, Steve Croft, Jason T. Wright, et al. "A Search for Radio Technosignatures at the Solar Gravitational Lens Targeting Alpha Centauri." Astronomical Journal 164, no. 3 (August 31, 2022): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac8358.

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Abstract Stars provide an enormous gain for interstellar communications at their gravitational focus, perhaps as part of an interstellar network. If the Sun is part of such a network, there should be probes at the gravitational foci of nearby stars. If there are probes within the solar system connected to such a network, we might detect them by intercepting transmissions from relays at these foci. Here, we demonstrate a search across a wide bandwidth for interstellar communication relays beyond the Sun’s innermost gravitational focus at 550 au using the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) and Breakthrough Listen (BL) backend. As a first target, we searched for a relay at the focus of the Alpha Centauri AB system while correcting for the parallax due to Earth’s orbit around the Sun. We searched for radio signals directed at the inner solar system from such a source in the L and S bands. Our analysis, utilizing the turboSETI software developed by BL, did not detect any signal indicative of a non-human-made artificial origin. Further analysis excluded false negatives and signals from the nearby target HD 13908. Assuming a conservative gain of 103 in the L band and roughly 4 times that in the S band, a ∼1 m directed transmitter would be detectable by our search above 7 W at 550 au or 23 W at 1000 au in the L band, and above 2 W at 550 au or 7 W at 1000 au in the S band. Finally, we discuss the application of this method to other frequencies and targets.

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Sheikh, Sofia Z., Shubham Kanodia, Emily Lubar, William P. Bowman, Caleb I. Cañas, Christian Gilbertson, Mariah G. MacDonald, et al. "A Green Bank Telescope Search for Narrowband Technosignatures between 1.1 and 1.9 GHz During 12 Kepler Planetary Transits." Astronomical Journal 165, no. 2 (January 20, 2023): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aca907.

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Abstract Agrowing avenue for determining the prevalence of life beyond Earth is to search for “technosignatures” from extraterrestrial intelligences/agents. Technosignatures require significant energy to be visible across interstellar space and thus intentional signals might be concentrated in frequency, in time, or in space, to be found in mutually obvious places. Therefore, it could be advantageous to search for technosignatures in parts of parameter space that are mutually derivable to an observer on Earth and a distant transmitter. In this work, we used the L-band (1.1–1.9 GHz) receiver on the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope to perform the first technosignature search presynchronized with exoplanet transits, covering 12 Kepler systems. We used the Breakthrough Listen turboSETI pipeline to flag narrowband hits (∼3 Hz) using a maximum drift rate of ±614.4 Hz s−1 and a signal-to-noise threshold of 5—the pipeline returned ∼3.4 × 105 apparently-localized features. Visual inspection by a team of citizen scientists ruled out 99.6% of them. Further analysis found two signals of interest that warrant follow up, but no technosignatures. If the signals of interest are not redetected in future work, it will imply that the 12 targets in the search are not producing transit-aligned signals from 1.1 to 1.9 GHz with transmitter powers >60 times that of the former Arecibo radar. This search debuts a range of innovative technosignature techniques: citizen science vetting of potential signals of interest, a sensitivity-aware search out to extremely high drift rates, a more flexible method of analyzing on-off cadences, and an extremely low signal-to-noise threshold.

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Triraharjo, Joko, Achmad Sutawijaya, Ahmad Badawy Saluy, and Havidz Aima. "Pengaruh Breakthrough Leadership Pada Kinerja Organisasi Dengan Mediasi Motivasi Karyawan Dan Kepuasan Karyawan Di Perusahaan Tambang Batubara Tbk Di Indonesia (IDX-Listed)." Jurnal Doktor Manajemen (JDM) 2, no. 1 (November 6, 2020): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/jdm.v2i2.10067.

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Indonesia adalah ekportir batu bara terbesar di dunia. Total produksi batu bara Indonesia pada tahun 2018 sebesar 528 juta ton. Dari jumlah tersebut, 320 juta ton di produksi oleh perusahaan pertambangan batu bara yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Kinerja perusahaan tambang batubara di Indonesia yang sudah tbk di periode 2014 sampai dengan 2018 terdapat gap yang sangat tinggi. Perbedaan gap kinerja ini yang di duga salah satu nya di pengaruhi oleh gaya kepemimpinan di perusahaan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh breakthrough leadership terhadap kinerja organisasi dengan motivasi dan kepuasan karyawan sebagai variabel intervening di perusahaan pertambangan batubara yang terdaftar di BEI di Indonesia. Responden dari penelitian ini adalah 12 perusahaan pertambangan batubara yang terdaftar di BEI di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif. Responden penelitian adalah 113 orang pada posisi supervisor hingga direktur. Data dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Model (SEM – AMOS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa breakthrough leadership mempunyai pengaruh positip dan significant terhadap employee motivation dan employee satisfaction, tetapi tidak mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap performance organisasi , employee motivation dan employee satisfaction mempunyai pengaruh positip terhadap performance organisasi. Employee satisfaction dan employee motivation tidak memediasi antara breakthrough leadership terhadap kinerja organisasi.

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Shen, Yi, and Xiaoxin Yang. "Study on the Impact of Breakthrough and Incremental Innovation on Firm Capacity Utilization." Sustainability 14, no. 22 (November 10, 2022): 14837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142214837.

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Effectively resolving manufacturing overcapacity is an important way for China to stimulate economic vitality and achieve high-quality economic development. Although research on technological innovation to resolve overcapacity has attracted academic attention, less research has been conducted from the perspective of innovation intensity. This paper uses the panel data of 1447 A-share listed companies in China’s manufacturing industry from 2016 to 2020, based on a two-way fixed effects model. The paper divides technological innovation into two dimensions to explore the impact of breakthrough innovation and incremental innovation on enterprises’ capacity utilization. The results show that both breakthrough and incremental innovations can effectively improve the capacity utilization of enterprises; however, the breakthrough innovation has a greater degree of improvement. The moderating effect shows that a good institutional environment strengthens the positive relationship between breakthrough innovations and the capacity utilization of enterprises. The heterogeneity analysis finds that breakthrough and incremental innovations have a stronger effect on the capacity utilization of state-owned enterprises. This paper further improves the theoretical framework of the relationship between technological innovation and enterprise capacity utilization and provides a theoretical basis and motivation for the Chinese manufacturing industry to resolve overcapacity and respond to the national requirements for high-quality development.

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Kimble, Chris, and Isabelle Bourdon. "1001 Listes: Strategic breakthroughs by a low-tech company in a high-tech world." Global Business and Organizational Excellence 31, no. 3 (February 10, 2012): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joe.21424.

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44

Lamandini, Marco. "Takeover Bids and ‘Italian’ Reciprocity." European Company Law 5, Issue 2 (April 1, 2008): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eucl2008010.

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This is a discussion of the so–called reciprocity clause in Article 12, paragraph 3 of the Directive on Takeover Bids and the way it has been implemented in Italian law. The reciprocity clause allows Member States to exempt listed companies that apply the anti–frustration and breakthrough rules contained in the directive from living up to an opted–in (unprotected) status if they become the subject of a public takeover bid launched by an opted-out (protected) company. The directive, however, leaves doubts as to exactly which listed companies may make use of the reciprocity clause.

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45

Geary, Andrew. "Seismic Soundoff." Leading Edge 39, no. 4 (April 2020): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle39040296.1.

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The following is an excerpt from SEG's podcast, Seismic Soundoff. In this episode, host Andrew Geary previews Dave Monk's upcoming Distinguished Instructor Short Course and book titled, “Survey design and seismic acquisition for land, marine, and in-between in light of new technology and techniques.” In this engaging conversation, Dave and Andrew discuss how full-waveform inversion impacts survey design, the research breakthroughs needed for the next evolution of seismic surveys, and one group that may not realize that this course is for them. Listen to the full episode at https://seg.org/podcast/post/8946 .

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Sun, Hongmei, Shuqi Yao, and Mucun Zhai. "Enterprise Low-Carbon Behavior, Financial Performance and Economic Transformation——Data from Listed Companies in China." E3S Web of Conferences 275 (2021): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127502004.

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The low-carbon development of enterprises is an important breakthrough in Chinese economic transformation and the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure. Based on a sample of Chinese listed companies involved in the low-carbon industry from 2010 to 2018, this paper empirically analyzes the correlation between the low carbon behavior, economic transformation and financial performance of listed companies. The results show that a company’s carbon intensity and financial performance are negatively related, and this relation is more significant when the financial performance is measured using the ROA (return on asset) of listed companies. The level of economic transformation in places where enterprises are located can significantly strengthen the positive relationship between enterprise low-carbon behavior and financial performance, including in central and western areas, where positive relationships are strengthened, and areas with heavy polluting industries, where positive relationships are weakened. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen carbon emission supervision for non-heavy polluting industries and enterprises in the central and western regions.

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Tyutyunnik, Vyacheslav M. "Graphene breakthrough into future technology: the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics Laureate Sir Konstantin Sergeevich Novoselov." Image Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies 6, no. 1 (April 21, 2021): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17277/jamt.2021.01.pp.006-009.

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The paper explores the research work of one of the youngest winners of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics, Konstantin Sergeevich Novoselov (born 23.08.1974). Since 2004 when the single-atom graphene was extracted and the research findings were published for the first time, the graphene breakthrough has been made. The paper focuses on the main milestones of Novoselov’s biography and analyzes his publishing activity between 2004 and 2018. The data confirming the highest number of citation of Novoselov’s publications in the world’s leading scientific journals are presented. Novoselov’s main scientific awards are listed.

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Daukaev, A. A. "Western part of the Terek-Caspian trough as a zone of unloading of deep fluid systems." Actual Problems of Oil and Gas, no. 31 (December 29, 2020): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29222/ipng.2078-5712.2020-31.art7.

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The article describes the mechanisms of formation of the Terek and Sunzha anticlinoria as the main zones of oil and gas accumulation. An assumption is made about the formation of high-amplitude anticlinal folds in the Upper Cretaceous deposits as a result of vertical migration of high-pressure fluids along deep faults with a breakthrough of their upper horizons of the sedimentary cover into the late orogenic phases of folding. The main prerequisites for the deep genesis of oil and gas are listed – a pronounced unevenness in the distribution of hydrocarbon accumulations, abnormal pressure, hydrochemical anomalies.

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Hu, Yujun. "An Empirical Study on the Profitability of Chinese Commercial Banks — Based on Factor Analysis." Financial Forum 9, no. 4 (January 28, 2021): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/ff.v9i4.1537.

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<p>The supporting role of financial development on the real economy is unquestionable. How to improve the profitability of commercial banks, allocate more resources efficiently and quickly to the key links of development, and urge financial institutions to better serve the real economy, is our breakthrough in economic development bottlenecks important node. Based on the data of 16 listed commercial banks in 2018, this paper uses factor analysis to calculate the profitability scores of each bank, discusses how commercial banks can better serve the real economy, and proposes corresponding policy recommendations.</p>

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Nagai, Sumimasa. "Flexible and Expedited Regulatory Review Processes for Innovative Medicines and Regenerative Medical Products in the US, the EU, and Japan." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 15 (August 3, 2019): 3801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153801.

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Several expedited regulatory review projects for innovative drugs and regenerative medical products have been developed in the US, the EU, and Japan. Each regulatory agency has elaborated an original regulatory framework and adopted regulatory projects developed by the other regulatory agencies. For example, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) first developed the breakthrough therapy designation, and then the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) introduced the Sakigake designation and the priority medicines (PRIME) designation, respectively. In addition, the necessity of the product being first development in Japan is the original feature of the Sakigake designation, while actively supporting the development of advanced-therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) by academia or small/medium-sized sponsors is the original feature of the PRIME; these particular features are different from the breakthrough therapy designation in the US. In this review article, flexible and expedited review processes for new drugs, and cell and gene therapies in the US, the EU, and Japan are described. Moreover, all the drugs and regenerative medical products that were granted conditional approval or Sakigake designation in Japan are listed and analyzed herein.

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