Journal articles on the topic 'Brazilian Refugees'
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1
VERSIANI, FERNANDA, and ANTONIO CARVALHO NETO. "South-South migration: a study on refugees working in small and medium Brazilian enterprises." Cadernos EBAPE.BR 19, no. 2 (June 2021): 252–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120200056.
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Abstract This article aims to analyze the integration of refugees from the global South in the workplace of small and medium enterprises in the city of São Paulo, based on interpersonal relationships between Brazilian employers, refugee workers, and Brazilian workers. The literature focuses on South-South migration, refugees in Brazil, and their stereotypes in the workplace. The research was qualitative, using a case study. Semi-structured individual interviews and non-participant observation were conducted with 28 respondents: 7 refugee workers (2 Haitians, 2 Angolans, 1 Congolese, 1 Nigerian, and 1 Beninese); 7 Brazilian employers (4 owners and 3 managers in the services, commerce, and industry sectors); and 14 Brazilian co-workers. Results show managerial incentive to different forms of communication seeking to break the language barrier as well as explicit racism. The employers only began to worry about the integration of refugees when they had problems with Brazilians, such as disrespect for Halal food of Muslim refugees and the perception that refugees transmit diseases. Brazilian workers and employers stereotype refugees from African countries (including Haiti) as a homogeneous group of “black Africans,” reflecting a total lack of knowledge about their geographical and cultural diversity. This lack of knowledge strongly influences interpersonal relationships and makes it difficult for refugees to integrate into the workplace. This article contributes to the reflection on South-South migration, since the literature usually explores South-North and North-North migration.
2
Martuscelli, Patrícia Nabuco. "Como refugiados são afetados pelas respostas brasileiras a COVID-19?" Revista de Administração Pública 54, no. 5 (October 2020): 1446–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220200516.
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Abstract Refugees are forcibly displaced people who fled their home countries due to persecutions because of their religion, nationality, political opinion, race, or being part of a particular social group. Brazilian Law 9474/1997 recognizes people who are fleeing a situation of severe and generalized violation of human rights as refugees. According to Brazilian law and Constitution, refugees have the same rights as Brazilians. However, my research with 29 refugees living in the states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro shows that refugees are disproportionately affected by the Brazilian responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. This article discusses how refugees in Brazil are affected by federal responses to the pandemic. I conducted 29 semi-structured phenomenological interviews with refugees between March 27, 2020, and April 06, 2020. These interviews were analyzed considering responses adopted by the Brazilian government (at the federal level) to respond to COVID-19. I conclude that refugees are affected by the closure of the borders and their rights to documentation, healthcare, and social assistance (the emergency benefit) are violated.
3
Martuscelli, Patrícia Nabuco. "How are refugees affected by Brazilian responses to COVID-19?" Revista de Administração Pública 54, no. 5 (October 2020): 1446–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220200516x.
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Abstract Refugees are forcibly displaced people who fled their home countries due to persecutions because of their religion, nationality, political opinion, race, or being part of a particular social group. Brazilian Law 9474/1997 recognizes people who are fleeing a situation of severe and generalized violation of human rights as refugees. According to Brazilian law and Constitution, refugees have the same rights as Brazilians. However, my research with 29 refugees living in the states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro shows that refugees are disproportionately affected by the Brazilian responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. This article discusses how refugees in Brazil are affected by federal responses to the pandemic. I conducted 29 semi-structured phenomenological interviews with refugees between March 27, 2020, and April 06, 2020. These interviews were analyzed considering responses adopted by the Brazilian government (at the federal level) to respond to COVID-19. I conclude that refugees are affected by the closure of the borders and their rights to documentation, healthcare, and social assistance (the emergency benefit) are violated.
4
Martuscelli, Patricia. "Solidarity in the Time of COVID-19: Refugee Experiences in Brazil." Refuge: Canada's Journal on Refugees 38, no. 1 (April 29, 2022): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.40874.
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Refugees have adopted solidarity actions during the COVID-19 pandemic, even after being left behind during health emergencies. This article contributes to the literature on solidarity and asylum by discussing refugees’ solidarity narratives towards vulnerable Brazilian groups, the refugee community, and the Brazilian population in general. The author conducted 29 in-depth semi-structured interviews with refugees living in Brazil between March 27 and April 6, 2020. Refugees’ past suffering experiences make them more empathic to other people’s suffering due to the pandemic, which creates an inclusive victim consciousness that seems to explain their solidarity narratives towards different groups.
5
Souza, Orlando Mattos Sparta de, Danielle Morais Bourguignon Sparta, and Leonardo de Andrade Alves. "Peacetime planning: the question of Venezuelan refugees in Brazil." Monções: Revista de Relações Internacionais da UFGD 10, no. 20 (December 15, 2021): 192–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.30612/rmufgd.v10i20.14690.
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Venezuela suffers severe economic and political crisis that affect the population across the socio-economic spectrum. The crisis has led to immeasurable consequences, such as the intense migratory flow to neighboring countries, including Brazil. A lack of infrastructure necessary to absorb the number of refugees in the welcoming cities in the state of Roraima, in Brazil, has caused problems for the Brazilians themselves. Increased refugees require effective government action to conduct planning of migratoryissues during peacetime, and not just in the wake of or during a crisis. The aim of this paper is to show eventual problems arising from the migratory flow. The research question is: based on Venezuela situation, how the Brazilian Government can host the mass of refugees, without compromising its commitments to its own population security? The methodological approach of the paper addresses a bibliographical review of world policies about refugees, current Brazilian legislation on refugees, the political and economic situation of state of Roraima in Brazil. As a conclusion, it will analyze how the Brazilian Government can better prepare its peacetime planning to welcome refugees
6
Ferreira, Luciane C. "The representation of refuge and migration in the online media in Brazil and abroad: a Cognitive Linguistics analysis." Signo 42, no. 75 (September 11, 2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17058/signo.v42i75.11217.
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The present study aims at mapping how the situation of refuge and migration is represented
metaphorically in the Brazilian online media. From the data collected, we will establish
comparisons between the representations that were found. An approach that contemplates the
frame study employed in the media allows us to observe that verbal and nonverbal resources,
metaphorical sentences and lexical items are constituted into discursive frames. We intend to
discuss how the migrant and the refugee are represented in the Brazilian online media. Some
questions we will investigate are: What are the discourses on the reception of refugees and
migrants? Which discourses on the integration of refugees and migrants are broadcasted? From
these questions, we will examine how such categories compose the image of the migrant and the
refugee. The corpus used was based on the news of the online newspaper Folha de São Paulo
from June, 2015, seen as it was in this month that the so called “refugee crisis” occurred in
Europe. The gathering and analysis were done with the help of two free softwares: Notepad++,
that allows the user to save texts in txt format, and Antconc, that enables the analysis of several
txt files through tools that are used in Corpus Linguistics. The concordance lines obtained by
inserting a word of choice in AntConc’s concordancer were then analyzed manually through
Cameron’s (2010) Metaphor-led Discourse Analysis. A larger objective will be to identify which
metaphorical frames are used in the migrant’s and refugee’s media representation and what are
their social implications. Such frames contribute to organize and potentialize the discourse about
the Other (BRUNO, 2016).
7
Valeriano da Silva, Romerito, and Elisângela Gonçalves Lacerda. "TURKISH REFUGEES IN BRAZIL AFTER THE 2016 TURKEY COUP ATTEMPT." Revista Hydra: Revista Discente de História da UNIFESP 7, no. 13 (April 27, 2024): 186–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.34024/hydra.2023.v7.15387.
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Population geography is a subdiscipline of Geography devoted to the study of one of the aspects of geographic space, which is population flows. The flow of refugees is a topic of interest. In 2016, Turkey underwent a coup attempt which resulted in the deaths of hundreds of people and increased internal political tension. This study aimed to verify whether Turkey’s internal circumstances impacted the number of Turkish refugee requests in Brazil and if so, to describe these refugees’ general profile and their spatial distribution, without risking their safety. We used data provided by the International Migration Observatory, which is linked to the Brazilian Ministry of Justice. The analyses were performed using descriptive and geospatial statistics and showed a considerable increase in the number of Turkish refugees in Brazil from 2016, as well as their concentration in the richest state of the federation. We believe these results provide relevant information to improve the Brazilian system of recognition and reception of refugees.
8
Tinker, Catherine Jane, and Laura Madrid Sartoretto. "New trends in migratory and refugee law in Brazil: the expanded refugee definition." Revista do Direito 3, no. 50 (September 5, 2016): 118–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17058/rdunisc.v3i50.8277.
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This paper aims to explore new trends in Brazilian refugee and migratory law in the last 20 years. In doing so it addresses the evolution of the definition of “refugee” in Brazil, expanding the eligibility grounds provided by the 1951 Geneva Convention on the Status of Refugees (1951 Convention). Reviewing international and regional refugee law, the article analyzes the broader understanding of the notion of "refuge" and its complexity expressed in regional and national legal frameworks, taking account of lawyers, scholars and activists who criticize the narrow scope of the classical refugee definition from 1951 which has become distant from current refugee voices and struggles. At the domestic level, although the 1980 Aliens Statute (Act. n. 6815/80) is still in effect, there have been important changes in refugee law in Brazil since the implementation of the 1997 Refugee Statute (Act n. 9.474/97), influenced by the 1984 Cartagena Declaration (a regional soft law instrument) regarding the definition of “refugee”, Exploring the interconnection of the Refugee Statute and complementary forms of human rights protection which fall outside the scope of international refugee law, the article concludes that in the specific case of Haitians in Brazil, the broader protections of Brazilian refugee law should be available rather than the complementary system of humanitarian visas.
9
Silva, Cesar Augusto. "Challenges of Brazilian institutions for a policy for refugees in a contemporary context: National Committee for Refugees and Federal Police." Revista Justiça do Direito 30, no. 2 (August 15, 2016): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.5335/rjd.v30i2.5715.
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This article aims to verify the role of the main political institutions that directly deals with refugees in Brazil, from the action of the political centrality of the National Committee for Refugees and the Federal Police, through a literature review and interviews with border officers, under the Political Science. Decision-making processes, the bureaucratic procedures of migration control and security of the Brazilian government about the phenomenon of forced displacement of refugees seek to analyze the bureaucracy and procedural mechanisms geared to foreigners regarding refugees, by identifying the institutional difficulties, limits and challenges to the implementation of public policies geared to refugees. Highlighting the lack of coordination, fragmentation and pulverization of migration policy as a whole, and refugee policy in a particular way, connected with the authoritarian past of the country and the maintenance of restrictive mechanisms for local insertion of international migrants.
10
De Oliveira, Márcio. "Refugio y remesas: un análisis basado en «El perfil socioeconómico de refugiados en Brasil. Subsidios para el desarrollo de políticas»." Migración y Desarrollo 19, no. 36 (July 1, 2021): 115–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35533/myd.1936.mo.
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Latin American interregional migration has increased dramatically in the past two decades. One of the countries contributing to the growth of these flows is Brazil, whose participation was consolidated due to international factors, its reception and its legal labor policies. Despite this, the relationship between migration, development and remittances remains poorly studied by Brazilian scholars. The discussion presented here focuses on a circumscribed analysis of refugees who had been legally recognized by the Brazilian State by the end of 2018. Thanks to research data on 487 refugees living in Brazil by then, it was possible to analyze their life conditions, the value and regularity of remittances received and/or sent, among other aspects. The results showed that low wages did not prevent refugees, for the most part, from sending remittances abroad nor, for some, from receiving it. Despite its low value, its regularity seems to keep alive the networks and dependency relations between those who migrate and those who remain in the origin countries.
11
Schiocchet, Leonardo. "Outcasts among Undesirables: Palestinian Refugees in Brazil between Humanitarianism and Nationalism." Latin American Perspectives 46, no. 3 (February 15, 2019): 84–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x19831683.
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The plan for the resettlement of 117 Palestinian refugees from Iraq in Brazil in 2007 involved the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the Brazilian government, and so-called civil society, including international nongovernmental organizations. These refugees had already developed a reputation in the Rwayshed refugee camp for being “undesirable” in comparison with other local refugees and unfit for refuge elsewhere. Examination of the principles of integration and tutelage in the light of this double rejection places in perspective the supposed apolitical character of humanitarianism and shows how mythical-ideological notions of Brazilianness helped to reinforce and reproduce stereotypes associated with Palestinians. El plan para el reasentamiento de 117 refugiados palestinos de Irak en Brasil involucró al Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados, el gobierno brasileño y la llamada sociedad civil, incluidas las organizaciones internacionales no gubernamentales. Estos refugiados ya habían adquirido una reputación en el campo de refugiados de Rwayshed por ser “indeseables” en comparación con otros refugiados locales y no aptos para refugiarse en otros lugares. El examen de los principios de integración y tutela a la luz de este doble rechazo pone en perspectiva el supuesto carácter apolítico del humanitarismo y muestra cómo las nociones mítico-ideológicas de lo brasileño ayudaron a reforzar y reproducir los estereotipos asociados con los palestinos.
12
Rosendo, Juliana Vital, Grasielle Borges Vieira de Carvalho, Liziane Paixão Silva Oliveira, and Patricia Tuma Martins Bertolin. "Refugee women: vulnerability x empowerment – brief reflections on brazilian assistance programs." Revista Jurídica da Presidência 26, no. 138 (March 28, 2024): 180–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.20499/2236-3645.rjp2024v26e138-1764.
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The number of recognized refugees in Brazil in 2017 was approximately 10.145, among which 29% are women. Victims of multiple forms of violence, including sexual violence, assaults, harassment, trafficking, exploitation, refugee women find themselves in a situation of extreme vulnerability. Possessing factors such as gender issues and the status of refugee in your "disfavor", the re-integration into your social environment becomes even more difficult. Therefore, it is essential the creation and proper implementation of public policies aiming the protection and assistance of those victims. This work intents, therefore, to discuss the issues surrounding the situation of refugee women in Brazil, on the mapping of the aid programs destined to them in the country.
13
MARTINS, ANDREIA DE FÁTIMA HOELZLE, and WESCLEY SILVA XAVIER. "Refugees right to work: the characteristics of Brazilian migration policies from the end of World War II to 2019." Cadernos EBAPE.BR 19, no. 2 (June 2021): 325–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120200028.
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Abstract This article aims to understand the characteristics of migration policies targeted at refugees, especially concerning the right to work, from the end of World War II to 2019. Migration policy can be defined as the rights and obligations of migrants, including the guarantees and regulations immigrants have when residing in a foreign country. Labor shortages, national security, international treaties, and humanitarian issues are often recurring concerns in migration policy management. This study relied on scientific, journalistic and institutional (legislative) sources available in digital media. Documentary data analysis focusing on themes regarding migration policy, refugees, and refugee employment were used. As a result, it has been concluded that Brazil had inherited conservative, nationalist, and racist policies in the scope of migration. Furthermore, regardless of the progress made during the democratic period, there is still room for improvement in refugee assistance following its legalization in the country. The right to work and the documentation required to work legally are safeguarded to immigrants recognized as refugees. It also includes groups who have acquired the right to validate their qualifications. Nonetheless, the policy has failed to ensure access to employment and protect these groups from performing illegal work without labor rights, which, in turn, highlights the need for public policies that may intervene in this regard. In conclusion, we show the relevance of migration policies to the legal recognition of refugees’ rights, especially concerning their right to work.
14
TEIXEIRA, ANA CHRISTINA CELANO, ELIANA CRISTINA MOTTA DA SILVA, DANIELA LONGOBUCCO TEIXEIRA BALOG, and BIANCA SÁ. "Why is it so hard to belong? The difficulties of refugees in their integration processes within Brazilian society and labor market." Cadernos EBAPE.BR 19, no. 2 (June 2021): 265–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120200016.
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Abstract The world has recently witnessed a social phenomenon that has been present during the entire history of humanity, but has now taken on greater proportions and impact: the large population displacements of refugees. According to the United Nations, more than 75 million people were in this situation worldwide at the end of 2017, a figure never observed before (UNHCR, 2017). Since 1951, more than 147 countries, including Brazil, have signed the United Nations Refugee Convention, which established obligations for signatory governments to provide refugees with legal and safe working conditions. Considering this context, this study aims to investigate the perceptions of refugees of different origins regarding the processes and difficulties of integrating into Brazilian society and labor market. The processes deal with bureaucratic barriers, cultural differences, ethnic-racial issues, and language, among others. The study uses a qualitative approach consisting of eight interviews in the city of Rio de Janeiro with refugees of a variety of nationalities and both genders. The results show that these respondents perceive a gap between public policies and practices involving refugees in the workplace, and also discrimination by the population, employers, and authorities, describing a multicultural rather than an intercultural context. Despite these challenges, respondents say they intend to continue living and working in Brazil.
15
Gonzales de Oliveira, Laís. "THE REFUGEES AND REFUGE APPLICANTS’ VOICE IN THE CITY." International Journal of Population Studies 9, no. 3 (September 21, 2023): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.36922/ijps.438.
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This paper provides an analysis of the struggles faced by refugees and refugee applicants as they seek recognition and the effectiveness of their rights within Brazilian cities, particularly focusing on full political participation at the municipal level. Employing juridical-sociological research methods, including theoretical bibliographical research and critical analysis, it is concluded that the formal recognition of the right to the city holds significant relevance, serving both as a catalyst for the concrete realization of these rights and as a means to affirm the identity of individuals involved. Although the law may result in the maintenance of injustices, the institutionalized means of participation should not be abandoned but reconstructed.
16
SANTOS, EDUARDO ESTELLITA DE OLIVEIRA, and DARCY MITIKO MORI HANASHIRO. "Acculturation and employment dynamics in a Brazilian NGO aimed at Haitian refugees’ social integration." Cadernos EBAPE.BR 19, no. 2 (June 2021): 353–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120200020.
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Abstract Since the earthquake in 2010, over one hundred thousand Haitians have migrated to Brazil. The issue of employment and cultural integration of refugees received intense attention from civil society between the years of 2016 and 2018, a period of economic crisis and double-digit unemployment rates in Brazil. This article aims to understand how the employment and social integration processes were combined into the activities of an NGO that works with Haitian refugees. It also investigates how these activities were adjusted to changing economic circumstances in the host country. We adopted Berry’s theoretical approach (Berry, 1997) and explored in depth the activities organized by the NGO: intercultural seminars, conversation circles, Portuguese courses, seminars for employers, mediated job interviews, and company visits after employment. We conducted in-depth interviews with the administrators, non-participant observation of the activities and documental analysis. The data was treated through content analysis (Bardin, 2008), allowing us to capture how the activities were implemented, their goals, and the organizational values that underpinned them. This study expands the literature on refugee integration by presenting the processes of employment and acculturation as inseparable phenomena, that precede or follow one another according to the socioeconomic condition of the host country and the profile of the migratory wave. By adopting the perspective of the NGO administrators, it also provides a practical contribution to legislators and social entrepreneurs who desire to structure programs for refugees that are regular, cohesive and coherent.
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IRIGARAY, HÉLIO ARTHUR REIS, RENATA ANDERSON, FLÁVIO VELLASQUEZ, and FERNANDO FILARDI. "Your home, my refuge: being a refugee in Brazil." Cadernos EBAPE.BR 19, no. 2 (June 2021): 222–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120200040.
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Abstract The objective of this study was to reveal how refugees who live in Brazil perceive the macro-dynamics of the local society and how their response to them varies in accordance with their different psycho demographic profiles. We interviewed 24 refugees from different countries, genders, ages, and races. The interviews were taped, transcribed, and subjected to critical discourse analysis, resulting in three a priori categories: social, discursive, and textual practices. We found out that social practices did differ in terms of their countries of origin, gender, and race. The analysis of their discourses revealed three different places and roles: hero, victim, or faker. Finally, the textual analysis indicated the choice of words that subverted the hegemonic discourse of refugees, revealing resistance to the place refugees are relegated to in Brazilian society.
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Tinker, Catherine, and Laura Madrid Sartoretto. "NEW TRENDS IN MIGRATORY AND REFUGEE LAW IN BRAZIL: THE EXPANDED REFUGEE DEFINITION." PANORAMA OF BRAZILIAN LAW 3, no. 3-4 (May 26, 2018): 143–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17768/pbl.v3i3-4.34406.
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This paper aims to explore new trends in Brazilian refugee and migratory law in the last 20 years. In doing so it addresses the evolution of the definition of “refugee” in Brazil, expanding the eligibility grounds provided by the 1951 Geneva Convention on the Status of Refugees (1951 Convention). Reviewing international and regional refugee law, the article analyzes the broader understanding of the notion of “refuge” and its complexity expressed in regional and national legal frameworks, taking account of lawyers, scholars and activists who criticize the narrow scope of the classical refugee definition from 1951 which has become distant from current refugee voices and struggles. At the domestic level, although the 1980 Aliens Statute (Act. n. 6815/80) is still in effect, there have been important changes in refugee law in Brazil since the implementation of the 1997 Refugee Statute (Act n. 9.474/97), influenced by the 1984 Cartagena Declaration (a regional soft law instrument) regarding the definition of “refugee”. Exploring the interconnection of the Refugee Statute and complementary forms of human rights protection which fall outside the scope of international refugee law, the article concludes that in the specific case of Haitians in Brazil, the broader protections of Brazilianrefugee law should be available rather than the complementary systemof humanitarian visas.
19
Tinker, Catherine, and Laura Madrid Sartoretto. "NEW TRENDS IN MIGRATORY AND REFUGEE LAW IN BRAZIL: THE EXPANDED REFUGEE DEFINITION." PANORAMA OF BRAZILIAN LAW 3, no. 3-4 (May 26, 2018): 143–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17768/pbl.v3i3-4.p143-169.
Full textAbstract:
This paper aims to explore new trends in Brazilian refugee and migratory law in the last 20 years. In doing so it addresses the evolution of the definition of “refugee” in Brazil, expanding the eligibility grounds provided by the 1951 Geneva Convention on the Status of Refugees (1951 Convention). Reviewing international and regional refugee law, the article analyzes the broader understanding of the notion of “refuge” and its complexity expressed in regional and national legal frameworks, taking account of lawyers, scholars and activists who criticize the narrow scope of the classical refugee definition from 1951 which has become distant from current refugee voices and struggles. At the domestic level, although the 1980 Aliens Statute (Act. n. 6815/80) is still in effect, there have been important changes in refugee law in Brazil since the implementation of the 1997 Refugee Statute (Act n. 9.474/97), influenced by the 1984 Cartagena Declaration (a regional soft law instrument) regarding the definition of “refugee”. Exploring the interconnection of the Refugee Statute and complementary forms of human rights protection which fall outside the scope of international refugee law, the article concludes that in the specific case of Haitians in Brazil, the broader protections of Brazilianrefugee law should be available rather than the complementary systemof humanitarian visas.
20
Tinker, Catherine, and Laura Madrid Sartoretto. "NEW TRENDS IN MIGRATORY AND REFUGEE LAW IN BRAZIL: THE EXPANDED REFUGEE DEFINITION." PANORAMA OF BRAZILIAN LAW 3, no. 3-4 (November 1, 2015): 143–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17768/pbl.y3.n3-4.p143-169.
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This paper aims to explore new trends in Brazilian refugee and migratory law in the last 20 years. In doing so it addresses the evolution of the definition of “refugee” in Brazil, expanding the eligibility grounds provided by the 1951 Geneva Convention on the Status of Refugees (1951 Convention). Reviewing international and regional refugee law, the article analyzes the broader understanding of the notion of “refuge” and its complexity expressed in regional and national legal frameworks, taking account of lawyers, scholars and activists who criticize the narrow scope of the classical refugee definition from 1951 which has become distant from current refugee voices and struggles. At the domestic level, although the 1980 Aliens Statute (Act. n. 6815/80) is still in effect, there have been important changes in refugee law in Brazil since the implementation of the 1997 Refugee Statute (Act n. 9.474/97), influenced by the 1984 Cartagena Declaration (a regional soft law instrument) regarding the definition of “refugee”. Exploring the interconnection of the Refugee Statute and complementary forms of human rights protection which fall outside the scope of international refugee law, the article concludes that in the specific case of Haitians in Brazil, the broader protections of Brazilianrefugee law should be available rather than the complementary systemof humanitarian visas.
21
Tinker, Catherine, and Laura Madrid Sartoretto. "NEW TRENDS IN MIGRATORY AND REFUGEE LAW IN BRAZIL: THE EXPANDED REFUGEE DEFINITION." PANORAMA OF BRAZILIAN LAW 3, no. 3-4 (May 26, 2018): 143–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17768/pbl.y3n3-4.p143-169.
Full textAbstract:
This paper aims to explore new trends in Brazilian refugee and migratory law in the last 20 years. In doing so it addresses the evolution of the definition of “refugee” in Brazil, expanding the eligibility grounds provided by the 1951 Geneva Convention on the Status of Refugees (1951 Convention). Reviewing international and regional refugee law, the article analyzes the broader understanding of the notion of “refuge” and its complexity expressed in regional and national legal frameworks, taking account of lawyers, scholars and activists who criticize the narrow scope of the classical refugee definition from 1951 which has become distant from current refugee voices and struggles. At the domestic level, although the 1980 Aliens Statute (Act. n. 6815/80) is still in effect, there have been important changes in refugee law in Brazil since the implementation of the 1997 Refugee Statute (Act n. 9.474/97), influenced by the 1984 Cartagena Declaration (a regional soft law instrument) regarding the definition of “refugee”. Exploring the interconnection of the Refugee Statute and complementary forms of human rights protection which fall outside the scope of international refugee law, the article concludes that in the specific case of Haitians in Brazil, the broader protections of Brazilianrefugee law should be available rather than the complementary systemof humanitarian visas.
22
Siegel, Björn. "‘We Were Refugees and Carried a Special Burden’." European Judaism 54, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ej.2021.540104.
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By using the example of Jewish immigration to São Paulo in the 1930s and 1940s and analysing the history of the Congregação Israelita Paulista (CIP) under the leadership of Fritz Pinkuss, this article shows how emotions were used in different ways. Such an approach gives new insight into the complexity of migration history. The Brazilian government under Gétulio Vargas openly embraced emotional mobilisation against ‘Semites’ and ‘foreigners’, and in so doing wanted to introduce a new understanding of the nation and secure their political influence. At the same time, Pinkuss also used emotions in his communal policies to establish a new religious union, a new form of inclusion and solidarity in the Jewish community. By transferring German Jewish traditions to Brazil and emphasising their flexibility, Pinkuss not only created a new emotional bond, but also laid the ground for integration of the émigré community into Brazilian society.
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Sarto de Lucena, Manoela, Raquel Carvalho Hoersting, and João Gabriel Modesto. "The sociocultural and psychological adaptation of Syrian refugees in Brazil." Psico 51, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): e34372. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-8623.2020.3.34372.
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Considering the challenges of the cultural adaptation process for refugees and the importance of analyzing these in a Latin American context, the present study aimed to investigate the influence of cultural orientations and cultural distance on psychological and sociocultural adaptation of Syrian refugees living in Brazil. Eighty-four adult Syrian refugees, living in Brazil for at least 6 months completed an online survey regarding acculturation variables. Results showed that greater perception of cultural distance was related to lower sociocultural adaptation; higher rates of home culture orientation were related to low psychological and sociocultural adaptation. Having a Brazilian culture orientation was related with better psychological and sociocultural adaptation. The present research has theoretical and practical implications, allowing for a better understanding of some aspects of the adaptation of Syrian refugees in Brazil.
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SEGREST, SHARON L., AMY E. HURLEY-HANSON, and CRISTINA M. GIANNANTONIO. "Intro to this special issue: refugees/displaced people in the workplace." Cadernos EBAPE.BR 19, no. 2 (June 2021): 216–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120210071.
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Abstract This special issue focuses on refugees’ experiences and displaced people across a diverse set of ethnicities and circumstances. The growing number of refugees and displaced people and the work and life difficulties they face are central social issues in the world today. This special issue will explore how refugees and displaced people in Brazil can be fully integrated, socialized, engaged, embraced, and affirmed into the workplace and society. Research is presented on the experiences of refugees and displaced people, a growing but under-researched segment of the world’s population. Little is known about refugees’ career experiences and displaced people and how organizations, leaders, and policymakers can assist them in finding work, maintaining employment, and creating positive life outcomes. There are 12 articles included in this special issue. They focus on three areas of refugees in the workplace. The first area explores biases in the perceptions of refugees based on factors such as skin complexion, countries of origin, and race. The second area presents research that elaborates on the theme of displacement of refugees and barriers to integration, inclusion, social recognition, and belonging. The third area examines ways in which refugees have been integrated and acculturated into Brazilian society, often through the assistance of NGOs or through the efforts of managers in the workplace. It is our hope that the research presented in this special issue will increase interest in this important topic and lead to additional future research related to reducing barriers to integration and acculturation that refugees and displaced people face.
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Budag, Fernanda, and Andrea Limberto. "Narrativas jornalísticas brasileiras sobre migrantes: marcas identitárias nas brechas do refúgio." Pauta Geral - Estudos em Jornalismo 7 (2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5212/revistapautageral.v.7.16369.714.
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We turnspecifically to narratives about migrants (refugees or immigrants/ emigrants), publishedafter May 24, 2017 in Brazil under the impact of the new migration law (Law 13445). Our goal is to recover indexes associated with migrants in the journalistic narratives related to the Brazilian case, collected via NewsMonitor platform. We only selected articles in Portuguese between the period from May 1, 2017 to February 28, 2019, based on the filter words “migrants” and “refugees”. From this corpus, questions aboutwhich objects belong to these individuals are visible and how they are shown, seeking to organize with them a symbolic, topographic and quantifiable map
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Andrighetti, Graziela Hoerbe, Cristina Becker Lopes Perna, and Martha Machado Porto. "Português como língua de acolhimento na Lomba do Pinheiro: relatos de práticas pedagógicas." BELT - Brazilian English Language Teaching Journal 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/2178-3640.2017.2.29876.
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The current international migratory flows bring a new reality to many Brazilian cities and point to the need for actions that allow the integration of the migratory population in our society. Understanding the offer of courses aimed at teaching the Portuguese language as an instrument of reception policy for immigrants and refugees, and aware of the demands for specific didactic materials aimed at teaching Portuguese as an Additional Language (hereinafter PAL) that meet this new reality in Brazil, we share in this article our classroom experiences with the teaching of Portuguese to a group of 30 Haitians, seeking to contribute to reflections about the teaching of Portuguese in this specific context. To do so, we describe the decisions taken along the course regarding the classes and didactic materials used, taking into account the profile of the students and the context in which they were inserted. Based on our reports, we hope to collaborate with teachers who are involved in the teaching of Portuguese for Immigrants and Refugeesin Brazilian contexts in which the migratory flow is a reality.
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Ávila, Janayna. "A procura pela libertação em Exodus: a dimensão trágica do deslocamento de refugiados nas imagens de Mauricio Lima." Pauta Geral - Estudos em Jornalismo 7 (2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5212/revistapautageral.v.7.16365.713.
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This article reflects on the issue of the refugees from four photographs of the series Exodus by Brazilian photographer Mauricio Lima, published on the North American newspaper The New York Times and Pulitzer winner in 2016. Its main objective is to analyze the boundaries between the duty of contemporary photojournalism and the obtainmentof images of refugees. For that, we used as theoretical reference reflections proposed by Appadurai, Bauman, Martínez, Sontag, Shore, Rouillé and Zanforlin. Methodologically, we worked with qualitative research and case study from the analysis of the images and bibliographic research. As a result, it is considered that Lima’s images bring original expressive dimension and seek personal interactions to build profound narratives.
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FARIA, JOSÉ HENRIQUE DE, ELAINE CRISTINA SCHMITT RAGNINI, and CAMILA BRÜNING. "Human displacement and social recognition: the working conditions and relations of refugees and displaced people in Brazil." Cadernos EBAPE.BR 19, no. 2 (June 2021): 278–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120200018.
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Abstract This research analyzes the process of inclusion and social recognition of migrants in a Brazilian city. The study presents a report of the demands from migrants in the context of a host project carried out at a Brazilian public university regarding their insertion in the world of work and in Brazilian higher education, highlighting their difficulties and expressions of suffering. Documentary research was used based on the analysis of qualitative data collected from about 300 interviews and over 1000 individual and group psychosocial consultations carried out with migrants in the city of Curitiba-PR. As a theoretical framework we adopted the category of “social recognition” proposed by Nancy Fraser (2008a) based on the debate with Axel Honneth (2009), and inspired by the category “struggle for recognition,” by Hegel (2008). Results point to the precarious inclusion of migrants in the labor market, with evident social injustice and psychological suffering.
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Openshaw, Kathleen. "The Universal Church of the Kingdom of God in Australia: A church of non-Brazilian migrants." Social Compass 68, no. 2 (April 21, 2021): 231–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00377686211001028.
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The Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG) is a Brazilian neo-Pentecostal megachurch. Over the past 40 years, it has established branches in over 100 countries among the economically and socially marginalised. This holds true in Australia, where congregants are disenfranchised migrants from diverse ethnic backgrounds and (former) refugees. Drawing on 2 years of ethnographic research in the UCKG’s Australian headquarters, this article explores why a Brazilian church, with a seemingly disagreeable character, attracts a multicultural migrant congregation in Australia. I argue that the UCKG is attractive to these congregants because it provides a space where its followers’ ethnicity is accepted; its cosmovision is easily translated to its congregation’s diverse spiritual sensibilities; and it offers ‘pioneering techniques’ to overcome life obstacles for those on the margins of Australian society. This work contributes to scholarly literature concerning Brazilian religiosity outside of Brazil, and the role religion plays in migrant settlement.
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Gediel, José Antônio Peres, Tatyana Scheila Friedrich, and Felipe Balotin. "Public Education and the Welcoming of Migrants and Refugees in a Brazilian University." Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning 21, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5456/wpll.21.2.235.
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Kozimala, Anna. "Życie codzienne polskich emigrantów w Brazylii w świetle pamiętników." Magno nomine ac excellens lumen. Studia poświęcone Profesorowi Andrzejowi Chwalbie 4 (28) (December 30, 2022): 51–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/24497347rph.22.004.16627.
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Daily life of Polish emigrants to Brazil in the light of memoirs The article deals with the phenomenon of Polish emigration to Brazil based on “Diaries of Emigrants”. The author analyses the daily life of emigrants, their culture and formation of Polish settlements in Brazil. Moreover, the article discusses multiple attempts to migrate to Brazil, waves of refugees and the phenomenon of “Brazilian fever”. The article also describes material conditions, opportunities to earn money and work for Polish emigrants, who did not know the Portuguese language.
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Georg Uebel, Roberto Rodolfo, and Caroline Adorne Da Silva. "Política, Políticas e Imigração Internacional no Brasil: mudanças recentes e perspectivas." Revista de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre as Américas 13, no. 1 (January 11, 2019): 163–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21057/10.21057/repamv13n1.2019.21874.
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From the field surveys performed in the South, Centre-West, Southeast and North regions of Brazil between 2014 and 2018, new migration routes, transbordering relationships of human mobility and the impacts of the desired South and Latin American regional integration were identified in the immigration profile of Brazil. In this sense, this article aims to review the cartographies, policies, routes and the state of the art of international immigration in Brazil for the last five years, which saw profound changes in the domestic and foreign scenarios. From the country of the “Brazilian dream” of Latin Americans and Caribbeans, the country changed to the country of remigrations and forced emigrations, including refugees who settled here during the short period of the migratory Eldorado. Using the instruments of thematic mapping, which is now revisited and revised in relation to our previous productions, we will discuss what remained of the “new immigration country” from the ruptures that occurred with the 2016 impeachment and with the approval and effectiveness of the new Immigration Law from 2017. The article also broaches the recent discussions on the migration of Venezuelan refugees to the Brazilian territory and its repercussions on the Latin American integration project, apparently discontinued with the rise of such disorganized governments in the region. Finally, we bring in topics the immigration perspectives for Brazil in the coming years and linked to issues of defence, geopolitics and geoeconomics, including also the discussion on environmental migration.
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Mom, Shakeh, Mariano Coello, Emma Pittaway, Russell Downham, and Jorge Aroche. "Capoeira Angola: An alternative intervention program for traumatized adolescent refugees from war-torn countries." Torture Journal 29, no. 1 (May 22, 2019): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/torture.v29i1.112897.
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Background: Following resettlement in Australia, young traumatized refugees often face social challenges, including language and cultural barriers and social adjustment, which can lead to behavioral difficulties. Providing support at this vulnerable stage is therefore vital for reducing future setbacks.Objective: The STARTTS Capoeira Angola program was developed to help traumatized adolescents successfully integrate into their school environments. As an Afro-Brazilian martial art that incorporates dance, Capoeira appeared an appropriate intervention for adolescent refugees due to its unique ethos of empowerment and group membership. Method: 32 refugeesfrom Middle Eastern and African countries (aged12-17) from the Intensive English Centre (IEC) department of the participant schools were assessed pre- and post- intervention using the Teacher’s Strengths and Difficulties Scale (SDQ). Teachers were also asked to observe the students’ functioning in a range of different situations at school. Results/conclusions: A significant overall decrease in behavioral problems was observed, which was associated with improvements in interpersonal skills, confidence, respect for self and others, self-discipline, and overall sense of responsibility.
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De Wit, Hans, Fernanda Leal, and Lisa Unangst. "Internationalization aimed at global social justice." ETD - Educação Temática Digital 22, no. 3 (August 13, 2020): 567–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/etd.v22i3.8659331.
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The increased immersion of global higher education in a competitive, economy-oriented paradigm calls for perspectives on international interaction that are explicitly aimed at shaping cooperative, sustainable, and alternative futures. In Brazil, higher education internationalization efforts driven by the Brazilian government have historically been attached to the State’s development interests. As they have consolidated in a hegemonic way (mainly focused on Brazil’s integration in the capitalist global market), initiatives pursued by individual higher education institutions themselves gain relevance in that context. In this article, we explore the projects developed by two Brazilian federal universities – the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) and the Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) – seeking to integrate refugees and displaced populations into higher education and the Brazilian society more generally. Our approach combines bibliographic and document analysis with interviews of key actors. Based on the results, we emphasize: 1. The role of Brazilian higher education institutions’ autonomy in order to develop internationalization strategies that are both contextually relevant and aimed at promoting global social justice; 2. The importance of linking existing university outreach activities aimed at marginalized groups to institutional policy for internationalization, so that internationalization efforts do not end up suppressing the more direct social role of those institutions.
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Broering, Izabela Drozdowska. "Tagebücher und Memoiren deutschsprachiger Immigranten in Brasilien. Zum Selbstbild und zur Wahrnehmung des Anderen." Pandaemonium Germanicum 23, no. 41 (July 14, 2020): 74–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/1982-8837234174.
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After the abolition of slavery in 1888, the Brazilian economy turned towards cheap workforce, which attracted many Middle European settlers, among them German-speaking settlers and refugees seeking better life conditions. This article verifies the perception of “others” and the self-image (including resignifications of self and acculturation) in some mostly unedited diaries and memoirs of German-speaking immigrants in Brazil in 19th and 20th century. Among other topics, the target group and function of each memoir, its construction, and the omitted and disparate representations of topics and events are analyzed.
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Broering, Izabela Drozdowska. "Tagebücher und Memoiren deutschsprachiger Immigranten in Brasilien. Zum Selbstbild und zur Wahrnehmung des Anderen." Pandaemonium Germanicum 23, no. 41 (July 14, 2020): 74–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1982-8837.v23i41p74-94.
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After the abolition of slavery in 1888, the Brazilian economy turned towards cheap workforce, which attracted many Middle European settlers, among them German-speaking settlers and refugees seeking better life conditions. This article verifies the perception of “others” and the self-image (including resignifications of self and acculturation) in some mostly unedited diaries and memoirs of German-speaking immigrants in Brazil in 19th and 20th century. Among other topics, the target group and function of each memoir, its construction, and the omitted and disparate representations of topics and events are analyzed.
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Di Maio, A. C., K. M. G. Santos, J. M. Souza, and F. T. Carvalho. "REFUGEES STORIES TOLD BY MAPS: A CHALLENGE FOR STUDENTS IN A SCIENTIFIC OLYMPIAD." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-5-2020 (August 3, 2020): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-5-2020-53-2020.
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Abstract. The Brazilian Cartographic Olympiad (OBRAC) is an educational project that has been held, since 2015, in Brazil. It aims to stimulate interest in science, especially in geospatial sciences; provide teachers with tools for dynamic and participatory teaching in areas covering cartography and also provide teachers and students socialization through team activities based on geotechnologies. OBRAC is aimed at students from 13 to 19 years old. The schools participate with teams of four students and one teacher. The first two stages of OBRAC (theoretical and practical tests) are performed on Moodle platform and with the elaboration of videos that show the development of practical activities. The last stage is a face-to-face practical test, an orienteering competition. OBRAC is a biennial event and is in its third edition. The objectives of this work were to show how the activities are carried out by OBRAC, analyze the results obtained from the socio-pedagogical point of view, specially discussing the results of the third edition, which had as its guiding theme the refugees. The teams told refugees’ stories from different countries using story maps tools.
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Altman, Cristina. "The ‘Brazilian Connection’ in the History of American Linguistics." Historiographia Linguistica 26, no. 3 (December 31, 1999): 355–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.26.3.11alt.
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Summary When mention is made of Brazil in connection with American linguistics, it usually amounts to a reference to the Linguistic Circle of New York, where Roman Jakobson (1896–1982) and Claude Lévi-Strauss (b.1908), who had come from Brazil where he had done ethnological work, met and exchanged ideas. This singular event has cast a shadow on other contacts between Brazil and American linguistics, of which, the one between Jakobson and the Brazilian linguist Joaquim Mattoso Câmara (1904–1970) was much more consequential, at least as far as the implementation of structural linguistics in Brazil and in South America generally during the 1950s and the 1960s is concerned. Mattoso Câmara came to the United States and spent most of his time in New York City (September 1943 till April 1944), where he got exposure to Praguean type structuralism, notably through Jakobson’s lectures he attended at Columbia University and at the École Libre of New York, which had been established by European refugees at the time. He also participated in the first meetings of the Linguistic Circle of New York in 1943 as one of its co-founders. Following his return to Rio de Janeiro, Mattoso Câmara proposed, in 1949, as his doctoral thesis a phonemic description of Brazilian Portuguese. The work was published a few years later, in 1953. His most influential work, Princípios de Lingüística Gerai, first published in 1954, had two more revised and updated editions (1958, 1967) and served to introduce several generations of Brazilian as well as other South American students to structural linguistics during the 1950s and 1960s.
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Ruseishvili, S. A. "Russian immigration to Brazil in the first half of the 20th century: migration routes and adaptation patterns." Cuadernos Iberoamericanos 8, no. 3 (March 11, 2021): 54–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2020-8-3-54-73.
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In the article under consideration, the author examines three main waves of the Russian-speaking immigration to Brazil and, particularly, to the State of São Paulo and its capital of the same name, during the first half of the 20th century. The first wave refers to the period from 1921 to the late 1930s. We consider the arrival of general Wrangel’s soldiers and officers, in 1921; the resettlement of Russian-speaking farmers from Romanian Bessarabia in 1923-1930s; and the ‘secondary’ migration of Nansen refugees from Europe during the 1930s. The second wave represents the post-war subsidized migration of Russian displaced persons (DPs), and the third one is the resettlement of the Russians from China during the 1950s. The author relies on a vast number of authentic sources from public and private archives, such as Russian-language periodicals in Brazil, Brazilian regulatory acts, and interviews with the descendants of Russian emigrants. Delivering a comparative analysis of the aforementioned waves the author concludes that the patterns of the Russian speakers’ adaptation in Brazil need to be considered in the light of political and economic conditions in the country in a particular period of immigrants’ arrival. It is also noted that anti-Soviet sentiments in Brazilian politics, starting from the mid-1930s, had a negative impact on preservation of the Russian language and Russian culture in the country.
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STROLE, NICHOLAS A. "Postdramatic and Multimedia Dépaysement: Myth and Migration on Stage and Screen in Christiane Jatahy’s Ithaque: Notre Odyssée 1." Australian Journal of French Studies: Volume 59, Issue 3 59, no. 3 (July 1, 2022): 293–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/ajfs.2022.23.
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Christiane Jatahy’s 2018 multimedia theatrical production Ithaque: Notre Odyssée 1 captures contemporary narratives of migration through a retelling of Homer’s Odyssey. To create this multilayered production, Jatahy interviewed refugees and worked closely with French and Brazilian actors to represent a variety of voices involved in the international migration crisis. Jatahy also captures the complexity of displacement through cameras that the actors use to film live video on stage. Drawing on Hans-Thies Lehmann’s concept of postdramatic theatre and Pasi Väliaho’s analysis of biopolitical screens, this article argues that the interplay between these filmed images and Jatahy’s unique staging choices reveals the contradictory nature of migration and displacement. By examining the double meaning of the term dépaysement, this article explores the opposing yet surprisingly harmonious relationship between multimedia technologies and classical drama that allows Jatahy to represent the various connections and disconnections migrants across the globe experience every day.
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Ramos Sollai, Silvia. "Asas da Florestania: languages and cultures at play in the forest-based citizenship literacy program in Brazil." BELT - Brazilian English Language Teaching Journal 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/2178-3640.2017.2.28170.
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This methodological article applies the Continua of Biliteracy (Hornberger, 1989; Hornberger & Skilton-Sylvester, 2000) onto the curriculum and human resources of Asas da Florestania Infantil, namely Asinhas, a preschool initiative with United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) recognition for its startling approach to the Acre an multilingual setting in northwestern Brazil. Overseen, forest-dependent, Acre’s identity is a traditional and hybridculture melting pot with sustainable rubber tapping advocates, indigenous land claimers and Haitian refugees, where languages and literacy converge to legitimate the Brazilian linguistic and cultural diversity. Initially funded by national communication mogul Rede Globo and the World Bank, today, it also responds to municipal, state, and federal accountability. We concludedthat Asinhas’ recruitment of Educational Agents to promote meaningful forest-based content at an anthropological home visits approach is an outstanding decentralization and multilingual setting and curriculum acknowledgement, despite its population under representation and scaling-up limitations.
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Ivenicki, Ana. "Multicultural Brazil in the BRICS Countries: Potentials for the Social Sciences and Humanities." Space and Culture, India 7, no. 5 (May 8, 2020): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v7i5.641.
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This study argues a case for multiculturalism as a possible approach for addressing the complexities of societies such as the BRICS, taking Brazil as a case study. It contends that knowledge derived from such a study can benefit Social Studies and Humanities worldwide, particularly considering that cultural diversity has been increasingly present due to globalisation, internationalisation and growing mobility of groups of people, including refugees all over the world, requiring new epistemologies and narratives in research. The paper firstly analyses the concept of multiculturalism, discussing its perspectives from more liberal approaches up to more critical, postcolonial and decolonial perspectives that focus on the challenge of prejudices that operate in terms of control and denial of pluralism. It discusses the multicultural composition of the population of Brazil as a BRICS country, analysing its main geographical and population characteristics. The main focus of the paper is to delve in the ways that Brazilian educational policies have been trying to address both international standards and the valuing of cultural identities and equity-oriented approaches that are inclusive and multicultural. It particularly focuses on the National Plan for Education and of the recent project for higher education institutions (called “Future-se”). Finally, it concludes by pointing out tensions and possibilities of such Brazilian endeavours in the context of the BRICS countries. Such a study may be relevant comparatively, hopefully providing reflections for new epistemologies and the potential value of these for the Social Sciences and Humanities.
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Silva, Lucas Rech da, Alexandre Anselmo Guilherme, Henrique Caetano Nardi, and Renato De Oliveira Brito. "Educação intercultural em contextos migratórios ibero-brasileiros (Intercultural education in Ibero-Brazilian migratory contexts)." Revista Eletrônica de Educação 15 (November 30, 2021): e4949047. http://dx.doi.org/10.14244/198271994949.
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e4949047This article is the result of three case studies carried out in Badalona (Spain), Évora (Portugal) and Caxias do Sul (Brazil), which aimed to analyze and understand the different forms of inclusion and reception of students who have experienced migratory processes. The research used observations and interviews carried out in public schools in the three cities and sought to analyze and understand how different schools work with the diversity issues that emerge in their daily lives. The analysis points to the need to understand migration as a factor that, invariably, can lead to vulnerabilities that reflect on the school experience, as well as the importance of the teacher's role in the process of welcoming and including migrant students and the need for institutional support necessary for the inclusion and the welcoming in the best way possible. The main purpose of this study is to collaborate so that one can better understand the reality of migrant students, in addition to helping to create practices and inclusion policies that are not based on ethnocentric views that produce assimilationist, acculturation or “catechization” practices. Especially because the pedagogical practices and the people involved in this process can be nourished by the richness of cultural diversity that emerges in these contexts.ResumoEste artigo é resultado de três estudos de caso realizados em Badalona (Espanha), Évora (Portugal) e Caxias do Sul (Brasil), os quais tiveram por objetivo analisar e compreender as diferentes formas de inclusão e acolhimento de estudantes que vivenciaram processos migratórios. A pesquisa utilizou observações e entrevistas realizadas em escolas públicas das três cidades e buscou analisar e compreender como as diferentes escolas trabalham com as questões de diversidade que emergem em seu cotidiano. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de compreender a migração como um fator que, invariavelmente, pode acarretar vulnerabilidades que refletem na experiência escolar, bem como na importância do papel do professor no processo de acolhimento e inclusão dos estudantes migrantes e da necessidade de suporte institucional para que as escolas possam realizar essa inclusão e este acolhimento da melhor forma. A finalidade principal deste estudo é colaborar para que se possa compreender melhor a realidade de estudantes migrantes, além de colaborar para a criação de práticas e políticas de inclusão que não sejam baseadas em visões etnocêntricas que produzem ações assimilacionistas, de aculturação ou “catequização” desses sujeitos, especialmente porque as práticas pedagógicas e as pessoas envolvidas neste processo podem nutrir-se da riqueza da diversidade cultural que emerge nestes contextos.Palavras-chave: Educação, Migração internacional, Inclusão, Interculturalidade.Keywords: Education, International migration, Inclusion, Interculturality.ReferencesALBERTI, V. História oral: a experiência do CPDOC. Rio de Janeiro: Instituto de Documentação; Editora da Fundação Getúlio Vargas, 1990.BARBOSA, M. Educação e desafios da multiculturalização: uma pedagogia da sociedade civil. Cadernos de Pesquisa, São Luiz, MA: Ufma, v. 40, n. 141, p. 993-1.023, 2010.BRAH, A. Diferença, diversidade, diferenciação. Cadernos Pagu, Campinas, SP, n. 26, p. 329-376, jan./jun. 2006. Disponível em: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/cpa/n26/30396.pdf. Acesso em: 11 nov. 2017.BRASIL, M. J. Migrantes, apátridas e refugiados: subsídios para o aperfeiçoamento de acesso a serviços, direitos e políticas públicas no Brasil. Brasília: Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada; Ministério da Justiça; Secretaria de Assuntos Legislativos. 2015. Disponível em: http://pensando.mj.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/PoD_57_web2.pdf. Acesso em: 6 out. 2020.BURITICÁ, M. M. E. Somos muitos, somos diversos e aqui estamos cruzando fronteiras: compreensões acerca dos processos migratórios juvenis. Desidades, Rio de Janeiro: UFRJ, n. 16, a. 5, jul./set. 2017.CANDAU, V. M. F. Cotidiano escolar e práticas interculturais. Cadernos de Pesquisa, v. 46, n. 161, p. 802-820, jul./set. 2016. Disponível em: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/cp/v46n161/1980-5314-cp-46-161-00802.pdf. Acesso em: 28 nov. 2017.CANDAU, V. M. F. Concepções de educação intercultural. Rio de Janeiro: Editora PUC-Rio, 2014.CANDAU, V. M. F. Escola, inclusão social e diferenças culturais. ENDIPE – ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE DIDÁTICA E PRÁTICAS DE ENSINO, 16., 2012. Campinas, SP: Unicamp, jul. 2012. p. 225-236.COSTA, G. S. Famílias imigrantes e escolas em Barcelona. Revista Internacional da Mobilidade Humana, Brasília, a. XX, n. 38, p. 141-162, jan./jun. 2012.COUTINHO, C. P.; CHAVES, J. H. O estudo de caso na investigação em Tecnologia Educativa em Portugal. Revista Portuguesa de Educação, Portugal, v. 15, n. 1, p. 221-243, 2002. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/1822/492. Acesso em: 1º nov. 2007.DELORS, J. (org.). Educação: um tesouro a descobrir. Relatório para a Unesco da Comissão Internacional sobre Educação para o Século XXI. 7. ed. São Paulo: Editora Cortez, 2012.HANDERSON, J. Diáspora. Sentidos sociais e mobilidades haitianas. Horizontes Antropológicos, Porto Alegre, ano 21, n. 43, p. 51-78, jan./jun. 2015.HANDERSON, J.; JOSEPH, R-M. As relações de gênero, de classe e de raça: mulheres imigrantes haitianas na França e no Brasil. Revista de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre as Américas, Brasília, UnB, v. 9, n. 2, 2015.KOEHLER, C.; SCHNEIDER, J. Young refugees in education: the particular challenges of school system in Europe. Comparative Migration Studies, v. 7, n. 28. 2019.MARQUES, T. S.; MATOS, F.; MAIA, C.; RIBEIRO, D. Crise e vulnerabilidade social: uma leitura territorial. In: JORNADAS DE GEOGRAFÍA ECONÓMICA, 7., Los escenarios económicos en transformación. La realidad territorial tras la crisis económica USC-AGE, 2016. p. 163-174.REDIN, G.; MINCHOLA, L. A. B. Proteção dos refugiados na Declaração de Cartagena de 1984: uma análise a partir do caso dos haitianos no Brasil. In: Revista de Estudos Internacionais (REI), v. 4, n. 1, p. 20-45, 2013.RUTTER, J.; JONES, C. Refugee education: Mapping the field. Stoke on Trent: Trentham Books, 2001.SAYAD, A. Imigração ou os paradoxos da alteridade. São Paulo: Edusp, 1998.SILVA, L. R. da. A inclusão de imigrantes na Educação Básica: um estudo de caso na perspectiva das violências de Galtung e Fanon. 2018. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PPGEdu, Porto Alegre, 2018.UNITED NATIONS. Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos: adotada e proclamada pela Resolução 217 (III) da Assembléia Geral das Nações Unidas em 10 de dezembro de 1948. Brasília, DF, 1998. Disponível em: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0013/001394/139423por.pdf. Acesso em: 20 nov. 2017.VECK, W.; PAGDEN, L.; WHARTON, J. Children Seeking Refuge, Assimilation and Inclusion: Insights from the United Kingdom. In: Challenges and Opportunities in Education for Refugees in Europe. Leiden, NL: Brill Sense, 2018. p. 161-176.YIN, R. Estudo de caso. Planejamento e métodos. Porto Alegre, Bookman, 2005.
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Teles Valois De Amorim, Victoria, and Michely Vargas del Puppo Romanelo. "Syrian Refugees in Brazil: Protection of Human Rights and their Developments." ATHENS JOURNAL OF LAW 8, no. 1 (December 29, 2021): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajl.8-1-4.
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This study will present the issue of Syrian refugees in Brazil, whose immigration event occurs because of the terrible conditions offered in their native country, which makes these individuals seek refuge in other countries, seeking, in addition to a better condition, a life that is worthy. It is understood that the concept of dignified life goes against what is advocated by the Brazilian Federal Constitution, as well as fundamental rights, and even more related to the dignity of the human person. Thus, this article will bring an analysis of the context of this event, which has been happening quite frequently, making Brazil one of the countries that most welcome immigrants in the world. However, one factor draws attention in the middle of this process, as the Covid-19 pandemic has been following the population for more than a year, which makes border controls more rigid. In addition, Brazil, with its native population, is already experiencing various social problems, such as hunger, unemployment, poor distribution of income and gold, which makes us rethink whether the rights and dealings with these refugees are truly effective, in order to welcome and help in the development of a dignified life. The research will have its principle bibliographic reviews, in books, journals and articles referring to the area, in order to bring different standards that can be worked in society and contribute to the scientific community. It is evident that a dignified life is only possible if the guarantees, freedom, equity, and other principles, such as the dignity of the human person, provided by the Federal Constitution are observed. with its native population, is already experiencing various social problems, such as hunger, unemployment, poor distribution of income and gold, which makes us rethink whether the rights and dealings with these refugees are being truly effective, in order to welcome and help in the development of a dignified life. The research will have its principle bibliographic reviews, in books, journals and articles referring to the area, in order to bring different standards that can be worked in society and contribute to the scientific community. It is evident that a dignified life is only possible if the guarantees, freedom, equity, and other principles, such as the dignity of the human person, provided by the Federal Constitution are observed. with its native population, is already experiencing various social problems, such as hunger, unemployment, poor distribution of income and gold, which makes us rethink whether the rights and dealings with these refugees are being truly effective, in order to welcome and help in the development of a dignified life. The research will have its principle bibliographic reviews, in books, journals and articles referring to the area, in order to bring different standards that can be worked in society and contribute to the scientific community. It is evident that a dignified life is only possible if the guarantees, freedom, equity, and other principles, such as the dignity of the human person, provided by the Federal Constitution are observed. Poor distribution of income and gold, which makes us rethink whether the rights and dealings with these refugees are being truly effective, in order to welcome and help in the development of a dignified life. The research will have its principle bibliographic reviews, in books, journals and articles referring to the area, in order to bring different standards that can be worked in society and contribute to the scientific community. It is evident that a dignified life is only possible if the guarantees, freedom, equity, and other principles, such as the dignity of the human person, provided by the Federal Constitution are observed. poor distribution of income and gold, which makes us rethink whether the rights and dealings with these refugees are being truly effective, in order to welcome and help in the development of a dignified life. The research will have its principle bibliographic reviews, in books, journals and articles referring to the area, in order to bring different standards that can be worked in society and contribute to the scientific community. It is evident that a dignified life is only possible if the guarantees, freedom, equity, and other principles, such as the dignity of the human person, provided by the Federal Constitution are observed. The research will have its principle bibliographic reviews, in books, journals and articles referring to the area, in order to bring different standards that can be worked in society and contribute to the scientific community. It is evident that a dignified life is only possible if the guarantees, freedom, equity, and other principles, such as the dignity of the human person, provided by the Federal Constitution are observed. The research will have its principle bibliographic reviews, in books, journals and articles referring to the area, in order to bring different standards that can be worked in society and contribute to the scientific community. It is evident that a dignified life is only possible if the guarantees, freedom, equity, and other principles, such as the dignity of the human person, provided by the Federal Constitution are observed. Keywords: Refugees; Syria; Human rights; Dignity of human person; Warranties.
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Ioris, Antonio A. R. "Indigenous Labor and Land Resources: Guarani–Kaiowa’s Politico–Economic and Ethnic Challenges." Resources 9, no. 7 (July 6, 2020): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources9070084.
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The article deals with the meaning and the management of land-based resources by indigenous peoples, which are analyzed through an assessment of the lived spaces of the Guarani–Kaiowa indigenous people in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The discussion follows an analytical framework that is focused on land, labor and ethnicity. These interconnected politico-economic categories provide the basis for understanding the violence and exploitation perpetrated against indigenous groups, as well as their capacity to reclaim ancestral territories lost to extractivism and agribusiness development. Empirical results indicate that ethnicity is integral to labor and land management processes. In the case of the Guarani–Kaiowa, not only have they become refugees in their own lands due to racist discrimination, but also their labor has been incorporated in the regional economy through interrelated peasantification and proleterianization tendencies. The result is a complex situation that combines major socio-spatial asymmetries with the strategic, exploitative use of land and labor and the growing political contestation by the indigenous groups.
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Makuch, Maria Y., Maria J. D. Osis, Alejandra Becerra, Cinthia Brasil, Helder S. F. de Amorim, and Luis Bahamondes. "Narratives of experiences of violence of Venezuelan migrant women sheltered at the northwestern Brazilian border." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (November 19, 2021): e0260300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260300.
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Objectives To know the experiences of Venezuelan migrant women living in shelters in Roraima state at the northwestern border between Venezuela and Brazil regarding situations of violence as part of the dynamics of everyday life. Materials and methods Data were collected in January 2020 through 12 focus group discussions (FGDs) with 5 to 14 Venezuelan migrant women aged 18–49 years old living transitorily in five shelters established by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the Brazilian government. We obtained individual and shared views on the experiences regarding violence that migrant women may experience in their everyday life. To organize the FGDs, variations in age and the time women were living at the shelters were considered. All FGDs were held in a place at the shelter that guaranteed privacy and secrecy so that women could express themselves freely. The initial question was broad and open ended and was followed by more specific questions about situations of domestic violence and other types of violence. Results The main themes identified were the following: i) women’s perceptions on domestic violence, ii) women’s perceptions on how humanitarian organizations were managing the episodes of domestic violence, and iii) situations considered violence in everyday life at the shelters. The FGDs showed that the reported violence inside the shelters was high, and several forms of violence emerged. Violence was identified as physical aggression and psychological threats, and violence in everyday life at the shelter included xenophobia when the migrants went outside the shelters that was perceived and described as violence. Conclusions According to the perspective of Venezuelan migrant women violence was part of everyday life among those living in the UNHCR shelters at the northwestern border of Brazil-Venezuela. These women are not comfortable with this situation, and it is difficult for them to understand and handle the episodes of violence.
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Pacifico, Andrea P., Johnatan Da Costa Santos, and F. L. Silva Silva. "Venezuelan Forced Migrants and Refugees in Brazil and Ecuador: Security Issues and Social Provision during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 22, no. 3 (December 15, 2022): 554–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2022-22-3-554-570.
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The worsening economic and social crisis in Venezuela has led to a massive flow of Venezuelan migrants to neighbouring Latin American countries. The influx of forced migrants from Venezuela has challenged the regional security of Latin American countries, which were already experiencing structural and social problems. Brazil and Ecuador, where a significant number of Venezuelan nationals arrived, faced great obstacles in providing the arriving migrants with access to health care and education for their children, jobs, while at the same time meeting the needs and social problems of the local population. After the upheaval of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, social problems such as health, education, job access, security, and governance have proven to be the most challenging in the region. However, as the pandemic situation showed, regional leaders were negligent in their response to the disease and refused to cooperate in addressing the problem, with dire consequences. This article analyses the impact of the Brazilian and Ecuadorian immigration laws and asylum policy on the protection of Venezuelans’ forced migrants and refugees who entered Brazil and Ecuador before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a regional security issue, the protection of Venezuelans is the basis for regional stability, which can only be achieved through cross-issue persuasion. The article, therefore, concludes that Brazil and Ecuador, after having created rules and implemented public policies before and after the pandemic, in cooperation or not with diverse international and national actors, to host and integrate Venezuelan citizens in both countries, have followed their commitment in accordance with previously adopted international and regional agreements, and domestic laws.
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GUERRA, Sidney. "ASYLUM IN THE INTER-AMERICAN SYSTEM: A SOVEREIGN STATE LAW OR AN INHERENT RIGHT OF THE HUMAN PERSON?" Revista Juridica 4, no. 57 (October 5, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21902/revistajur.2316-753x.v4i57.3754.
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ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this research is to present and discuss the paradox of the right of asylum for refugees, considering that on one hand there is a right of protection of the human being, giving priority to the fundamental values of freedom and the protection to be afforded to political refugees and persons persecuted for political reasons and, on the other hand, there is the prerogative and sovereignty of each State. Methodology: The research was developed in deductive method, in bibliographic research, through interpretation of scientific articles, studies and jurisprudence, also seeking a historical perspective, as well as the interpretation of Brazilian legislation, comparative law and international bodies such as the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, the Asylum Convention, signed in Havana in 1928, the Cartagena Declaration, the Caracas Convention of 1954 and others. Results: The study reaches the conclusion that the right to asylum still has a very incipient treatment, as it is still considered a right of the State and not the right of the individual, despite its essential purpose of protecting the individual, which is considered a contradiction. This paradox is more evident when the prerogative of the State to grant asylum or not is confronted with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Contributions: Undoubtedly, this matter is currently relevant as it deals with international human rights and the expectation of millions of migrants hoping to obtain an asylum. As a contribution, this article reports several difficulties associated with the granting of an asylum in the national perspective as well as international cases and all efforts exercised by international bodies in favor of the refugees. KEYWORDS: Right of asylum; territorial asylum; political asylum; Interamerican Human Rights Court. RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é apresentar e discutir o paradoxo do direito de asilo para refugiados, considerando que, por um lado, há o direito à proteção do ser humano, priorizando os valores fundamentais da liberdade e da proteção à saúde, a ser concedido a refugiados políticos e pessoas perseguidas por razões políticas e, por outro lado, há a prerrogativa e a soberania de cada Estado. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com método dedutivo, em pesquisa bibliográfica, através da interpretação de artigos científicos, estudos e jurisprudência, buscando também uma perspectiva histórica, bem como a interpretação da legislação brasileira, direito comparado e organismos internacionais como o Interamericano Tribunal Interamericano de Direitos Humanos, a Convenção de Asilo, assinada em Havana em 1928, a Declaração de Cartagena, a Convenção de Caracas de 1954 e outras. Resultados:O estudo conclui que o direito de asilo ainda tem um tratamento muito incipiente, pois ainda é considerado um direito do Estado e não um direito do indivíduo, apesar de seu objetivo essencial de proteger o indivíduo, o que é considerado um contradição. Esse paradoxo é mais evidente quando a prerrogativa do Estado de conceder ou não asilo é confrontada com a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos. Contribuições: Sem dúvida, este assunto é relevante no momento, pois trata dos direitos humanos internacionais e da expectativa de milhões de migrantes que esperam obter um asilo pelos mais variados motivos. Como contribuição, este artigo relata várias dificuldades associadas à concessão de asilo em perspectiva nacional, bem como casos internacionais e todos os esforços exercidos por organismos internacionais a favor dos refugiados. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Direito de asilo; asilo territorial; Asilo político; Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos.
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Magalhães, Bruno. "Moving on with saudade: On bordered countries and vague terms." Sociological Review 68, no. 2 (March 2020): 287–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038026120905472.
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This article is about how people moving along state borders – I call them wayfarers – refuse the assumption that they ought to live either a sedentary or a nomadic lifestyle inside or outside states, whether as citizens or as Others. In particular, it looks at how the term saudade helps mobile people to manage friction without falling back into such binaries. The Oxford English Dictionary defines saudade as a desire ‘for something’ and describes it as a characteristic of the ‘Portuguese or Brazilian’ people. Here, we shall attend however to the saudade evoked by Venezuelans and Warao (defined by the same dictionary as ‘members of a South American Indian people inhabiting Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela’). This article patterns a contrast between two ways of evoking the term in comments about movement made by my informants: the first, Precise Saudade, asks for precision about that of which people feel saudade. The second way of evoking the term, Vague Saudade, is, as its name suggests, more comfortable with being vague. The argument put forward by this article is that scholarly and policy texts on ‘migrants’, ‘nomads’ and ‘refugees’ need to make more room for Vague Saudade when translating the talk of wayfarers. It may be tempting to dismiss vagueness as showing ambiguity and imprecision. Yet, as the stories that follow are meant to highlight, Vague Saudade can be useful to wayfarers in several ways: to engage in care, to protect others, to protect themselves and to engage in conversations about alternative worlds. To grant monopoly to Precise Saudade, it is argued, risks hindering wayfarers’ ability to do these things. I find this is relevant to how we translate wayfarers, and I suggest it is also germane to how we translate in research.
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Petrova, G. V. "Old Believers in Brazil: preserving linguistic identity." Linguistics & Polyglot Studies 8, no. 3 (October 2, 2022): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2022-3-32-109-121.
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This article is devoted to studying the history of Russian Old Believers’ emigration to Brazil, to analyzing the reasons that allowed them to maintain their linguistic identity, and to identifying the features of the dialect of the Russian language of the Old Believers living in Latin America and in Brazil, in particular. Old Believers moved to Brazil after centuries of oppression, as a result of which they first left Central Russia for the East of the country, Siberia and Primorye, and after the 1917 Revolution, many of them moved to Harbin (China). After the 1949 Revolution in China, they turned to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, who sent them to the United States, Canada, Australia and Brazil. Brazil was the first country to grant them visas. The main wave of Old Believers’ migration to Brazil falls on 1957–58, that is why they managed to avoid the policy of nationalization of the New State, carried out in 1937–1945 by Getúlio Vargas, whose goal was to turn all immigrants into Brazilian citizens by banning their native language not only in official but also in everyday communication. Thus, the Old Believers managed to fully preserve their religious, cultural and linguistic identity due to a certain hermeticism of their communities and the preservation of their traditional way of life. The dialect of the Old Believers of Brazil retains the typical features of the Nizhny Novgorod dialect of the 19th century, in which archaic linguistic features and semantic shifts in the meaning of words were conserved. However, it also contains lexical innovations denoting new concepts of modern life, Spanish and Portuguese borrowings and their adaptation. At the beginning of the 21st century, within the framework of the State Program to Assist the Voluntary Resettlement to Russia of Compatriots Living Abroad, several Old Believer families decided to return to Russia, to Primorye, thus completing their round-the-world trip.