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Journal articles on the topic 'Brake'
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1
Khatami, Mokhammad, Zulfa Adi Muslim, and Yuda Junaedi Kurniawan. "Design of brake failure control on motorcycle disc brakes through an integrated cooling system." Journal of Engineering and Applied Technology 4, no. 2 (September 26, 2023): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jeatech.v4i2.65235.
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The increasing number of traffic accidents is a challenge for driver safety. The biggest factor in traffic accidents in terms of vehicles, one of which is brake failure. The number of cases of failed brakes was 7,083 cases and increased in the following year by 32% or 9,333 cases. The main cause of brake failure is the temperature condition in the brake calipers which overheats, triggering the occurrence of brake vapour lock. So, there is an urgent need for innovative solutions that can overcome the failure of the brakes on motorcycles due to the lack of effectiveness of the cooling system in the callipers. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of E-BRACE (electronic brake cooling control system) in preventing brake failure and to describe the design and innovation of E-BRACE as a technology for controlling brake failure through an integrated cooling system. The research was experimentally carried out with functionality tests to describe the effectiveness of E-BRACE. The test revealed that E-BRACE was very effective in stabilizing the temperature in the 9th to 15th-minute range. The highest E-BRACE effectiveness in the 15th minute is 55 %.
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Duraisivam, Sivam, and E. Jamuna. "Thermal Analysis and Fabrication of Split Shoe Drum Brake." Applied Mechanics and Materials 867 (July 2017): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.867.239.
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Active control of vehicle dynamics has become one of the top competitive features in today’s automobiles. Vehicle dynamics control systems include effective brakes and the number of life loss has been increased due to the in effective brakes. To reduce the crashing of vehicles caused by the braking disability by overcoming the drawbacks of the conventional braking system.Brakes are employed to stop or slow down the speed of the vehicle depending upon the driving needs. When brake applied, each wheel of the vehicle builds-up a certain braking force. For this reason, greater the number of wheels braked, greater will be the braking effect, and sooner the vehicle comes to halt. With this in mind the existing air brake system of a 6 wheeler is studied and analyzed. Brake shoe assembly is completely modeled using solid works and the analysis of the brake shoe assembly is carried out in Ansys .The results are analyzed . Then redesigned brake shoe assembly is modeled in solid works and analyzed with certain changes as required.
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Solovykh, Yevhen, Viktor Dubovyk, Andrii Solovykh, Stanislav Katerynych, and Maksym Ishov. "Investigation of the Braking Process of Suspended Wheels of a Car With a Hydraulic Brake Drive." Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Technical Sciences, no. 3(34) (October 2020): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2664-262x.2020.3(34).282-289.
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For diagnosing car braking systems, bench methods have become the most widespread, and on power stands with running drums. The main disadvantage of these methods is the high cost of brake stands with low quality diagnostic information. At the same time the method of diagnosing brake systems on change of angular speed of the hung up wheels is perspective. But the considered method does not have a sufficiently complete theoretical justification, especially for cars with hydraulic brakes and therefore requires research. Therefore, the work substantiates the diagnostic modes and diagnostic parameters, obtained analytical dependences of the process of braking car wheels with hydraulic brakes, which describe the change in the angular deceleration of the suspended wheels over time in different parts of the brake diagram and the delay time of the brake system. The mathematical model is based on the differential equation of motion of the braked wheel when braking a car with a connected transmission (with clutch engaged) on a straight horizontal section of road. The change in braking torque during braking is determined by the nature of the pressure change in the drive. When braking the wheel, the braking force acts on the radius of the brake drum. The obtained analytical dependences make it possible to study the influence of various factors of the technical condition of brake systems on the performance of the braking process. In order to substantiate the diagnostic modes and diagnostic parameters, analytical dependences of the process of braking car wheels with hydraulic brakes have been developed, describing the change of angular deceleration of suspended wheels in time at different parts of the brake diagram and time delay of the brake system. The obtained analytical dependences make it possible to study the influence of various factors of the technical condition of brake systems on the performance of the braking process.
4
Sawczuk, Wojciech, Armando Miguel Rilo Cañás, Dariusz Ulbrich, and Jakub Kowalczyk. "Modeling the Average and Instantaneous Friction Coefficient of a Disc Brake on the Basis of Bench Tests." Materials 14, no. 16 (August 23, 2021): 4766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164766.
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This article presents the results of tests conducted on the average and instantaneous friction coefficients of railway vehicle disc brakes. The tests were carried out independently of various states of wear on the friction linings and the brake disc. The requirements of the International Union of Railways (UIC) regarding the approval of brake linings for use were taken into account. Based on many years of research using a brake bench to test railway disc brakes, the authors developed multiple regression models for the average friction coefficient and fluctuations (tolerances) in the instantaneous friction coefficient and achieved 870 results. The models proposed three types of variables: the input braking parameters (speed, pressure, and mass to be braked), operational parameters (the wear on the friction linings and the brake disc), and design parameters (perforations in the form of holes on the disc surface). The above two models were validated on the basis of 384 brakes, and in subsequent stages a further evaluation was performed. The coefficients were determined to be, respectively, 0.99 for the model of the average friction coefficient and 0.71 for the model of tolerance (fluctuations) of the instantaneous friction coefficient.
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Novianto, R. Arief, and Galuh Achmaditiya. "Impact of Adjusting Brake Lining Gap and Brake Drum Temperature on Brake Efficiency of Motor Vehicles." RSF Conference Series: Engineering and Technology 2, no. 2 (November 29, 2022): 256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/cset.v2i2.579.
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In motor vehicle systems, brakes are one of the important components that have a major role in reducing the risk of accidents on the highway. In the brake system, especially drum brakes, improper component adjustment can cause the brakes not to work optimally. This research was conducted to determine the impact of large variations in the brake lining gap and brake drum temperature on brake efficiency in motorized vehicles. This study uses an experimental method with variations in the adjustment of the size of the brake lining gap and the temperature of the drum brake. The main brake efficiency was tested using a brake tester from these several variations. The variations of the brake lining gap used are 0.3 mm, 1 mm, and 1.7 mm. Meanwhile, the brake drum temperature is set at 30, 90, and 150 degrees Celsius. The result of this research is that the wider the brake lining gap, the smaller the brake efficiency. The greater the temperature on the drum brake also affects the smaller the efficiency of the brake. Meanwhile, the variable brake lining gap and temperature simultaneously (together) affect the level of brake efficiency. The larger gap between the lining and the temperature of the drum brake, the lower the efficiency of the brake obtained.
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Wang, Songlei, Fang Liu, and Hui Jin. "Application of Conical Surface Brakes in Cranes." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2437, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2437/1/012073.
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Abstract Both drum brakes and disc brakes have their own structural limitations and advantages. As a new type of industrial brake, cone brake combines the advantages of electric hydraulic drum brake and electric hydraulic disc brake, makes up for the shortcomings of drum brake and disc brake, and greatly improves the service performance and safety performance of the brake. This paper introduces the structure composition and working principle of the conical surface brake, analyzes the advantages of the conical surface brake through the comparison with the drum brake, carries out experimental research, analyzes the test results, gives optimization suggestions for the existing shortcomings, and explores the application prospect of the new brake combined with the introduction of application examples. This paper provides a reference for the technical innovation of brake and a new choice for brake users.
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Li, Ai Ran, Yu Jin Fan, Teng Han, Zhe Kun Li, Pei Lin Zhao, and Jun Jie Wang. "Properties of Hydraulic Floating Caliper Brake for AGV Car." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.33.
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Existing AGV car’s brakes are electromagnet brakes. Brake overheating causes brake damaged during work time.In this paper ,the hydraulic pressure floating caliper brake is applied to the AGV car . It with electromagnetic brake AGV car for braking performance comparison test, through comparative analysis know that hydraulic floating caliper brakes can not only meet the AGV car’s braking requirements and the system dynamic performance has improved greatly.
8
Synák, František, Lenka Jakubovičová, and Matúš Klačko. "Impact of the Choice of Available Brake Discs and Brake Pads at Different Prices on Selected Vehicle Features." Applied Sciences 12, no. 14 (July 21, 2022): 7325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12147325.
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The purpose of a road vehicle’s friction brakes is to convert a vehicle’s kinetic energy to thermal energy. When doing so, the brakes should not be heated to such temperatures at which their efficiency could be reduced. The objective of the measurements in this article is to assess the ability of passenger brakes’ spare parts, brake discs and brake pads to meet the requirements for brakes. For the experimental measurements, brake discs and brake pads of high, middle and low prices were selected from advertisements intended for a particular vehicle. The measurements were performed via driving test measurements as well as under laboratory conditions. Driving test measurements determined the brake distance and mean fully developed deceleration of the brake components of all three price categories. On the other hand, the dependence between the effort to control the steering and the brake force, as well as the temperature of brake discs during repeated interrupted braking and continuous uninterrupted braking, were determined under laboratory conditions. Attention was also given to prevention against corrosion. The results show a sufficient ability of all the brake pads and brake discs tested to generate braking force under common conditions. However, when using the lowest-priced brake discs and brake pads, a substantial reduction in their efficiency can occur if braking intensively or over a long period.
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Rievaj, Vladimír, Lenka Mokričková, and František Synák. "Temperature of the brakes and the Braking Force." Transport and Communications 5, no. 1 (2017): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/tac.c.2017.1.3.
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The kinetic energy of the braking vehicle is changed into heat and the resulting heat increases the temperature of each part of brakes. The changed temperature affects the coefficient of friction between the brake lining and brake drum of brake disc. Unless the brakes are actuated hydraulically there is the warning brake pads and brake fluid. Object of examination in this article is the impact of repetitive braking to change of these parameters and the impact of time to change the boiling point of the brake fluid.
10
Mortimer, Rudolf G. "Motorcyclists' Brake Operation, Motorcycle Brake Controls and a Case Study: The Need for Human Factors Engineering." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 46, no. 10 (September 2002): 890–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120204601003.
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A survey was made of the braking techniques reportedly used by 180 motorcyclists in a variety of conditions. Overall, the motorcyclists indicated that they used both front and rear brakes in hard braking 75% of the time on dry pavement and 47% on wet, but in other conditions they mostly used the rear brake first or exclusively. That the rear brake is preferred is not surprising because of the design of the brake controls and other reasons. Reliance on the rear brake at the expense of the front wheel brake leads to reduced deceleration. A crash case study exemplifies the effect. Integrated brakes, in which each brake control simultaneously activates the brakes on the front and rear wheels, are indicated by good human factors design and by motorcyclist's braking performance and should improve safety, especially when the brakes incorporate anti-locking mechanisms
11
Pradhan, Dr Swastik, Santhosh M, Palepu rithvik, and Katkam Ravi Teja. "Modelling and analysis of ventilated disc Brakes using Creo and FEA software." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 1359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43959.
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Abstract: An important part of a car's safety system is the brakes. Brakes are easily worn, leading to unpredictable disasters. To avoid this, ventilated disc brakes are used, which helps the brakes to work well in stressful conditions and high temperatures. The materials used play an important role in determining performance. The main objective of this research work is to analyze the current design and conduct a suitable brake rotor analysis to improve its performance. Existing brake disc designs are modeled in Creo and analyzed with software. The material grades used in this study were performed on stainless steel, grey cast iron, structural steel, and titanium alloy brake discs using the same brake disc design to determine the best grade. Keywords: ventilated disc brake, creo, thermal analysis, static analysis.
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Durali, Laaleh, Amir Khajepour, and Soo Jeon. "Design and optimization of a cam-actuated electrohydraulic brake system." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 232, no. 7 (July 3, 2017): 909–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407017713103.
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Although different types of brake-by-wire mechanism including electrohydraulic brakes, electromechanical brakes, electronic wedge brakes and distributed electrohydraulic brakes have been developed in the past two decades, there is still an increasing demand for further improvement and also for development of new brake mechanisms in the automotive industry because of the escalating requirements for higher safety and better performance. This paper proposes a novel brake-by-wire system based on the cam actuation mechanism. The proposed cam-actuated electrohydraulic brake system is a combination of an electrical component, a mechanical component and a hydraulic component. The unique feature of the proposed cam-actuated electrohydraulic brake system is that the characteristics of the motor torque amplification can be optimized by careful design of the cam shape. The overall structure of the cam-actuated electrohydraulic brake system is described, and the dynamic model of the system is developed. Optimum design of the cam-actuated electrohydraulic brake system is obtained by multi-objective optimization, and the obtained simulation results are discussed. The compactness and the self-contained characteristics of the design enable the brake system to be installed on each wheel, allowing fully independent control of each wheel for better stability control.
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Ren, Zhaolin. "The Performance Analysis of Elevator Brake." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2463, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2463/1/012047.
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Abstract In order to understand the safety status of traction drive elevator brake, taking the most common drum brake as the research object, several common failure forms of drum brake and the problems found in brake disassembly are summarized and sorted out. Based on the analysis of failure causes, suggestions on the use and maintenance of elevator brakes are put forward, and the in-service elevator brakes which have been used for a certain period of time are tested, and the performance characteristics of the in-service elevator brakes are analyzed, which provides a basis for the promotion of hidden trouble investigation and rectification of elevator brakes.
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Zhang, Hai Tao, Ying Jun Dai, Yu Jing Jia, and Guang Zhen Cheng. "The Design of Disc Brake for Mine Hoist in Civil Engineering." Advanced Materials Research 568 (September 2012): 212–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.568.212.
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This article will describe the research status and the features of control system of the disc brakes of mine hoist. The disc brakes consist of body, outer cylinder, cylinder, piston, ring, disc springs, plunger, gate disk and other components. The disc brakes use the pre-load of disc springs to force the piston to move towards the brake disc, push the brake pads out, then the brake pads and drum brake disc contact and resulting in positive pressure, then the formation of friction produce a braking torque. When the brake system loose pads, the cylinder is filled with the pressure oil, which make the piston compresses the disc springs, and promote the brake pads to move back and then left brake disc, remove the braking force. The hydraulic circuit of the braking system chooses two-way parallel oil and four oil cylinder brake. A slip road set up a one-way throttle, making the slip road brake slightly delayed, which will achieve two stage braking and make work more stable. This disc brake is normally closed, which means when the hoist does not work, the brake is in the state of braking to prevent the occurrence of accidents. This brake is safe, reliable and sensitive in action. The materials of brake pads is rigid asbestos plastic, which have stable friction coefficient, good wear resistance, is not sensitive to the aqueous medium and salt spray,it has flexible installation location, and it is easy to use, adjust and maintain.
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Afnison, Wanda, Wagino Wagino, Nuzul Hidayat, Muslim Muslim, and Masykur Masykur. "Analysis Thermal Pada Solid dan Ventilated Disk Brake Pada Mobil Hemat Energy Pagaruyuang Team UNP." Jurnal Mekanova: Mekanikal, Inovasi dan Teknologi 7, no. 1 (June 24, 2021): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/jmkn.v7i1.3699.
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This study discusses the thermal analysis of the disc brakes used in UNP energy-efficient cars. There are three types of disc brake designs that are simulated, namely solid disc brake, circular hole ventilated and vane ventilated types. Using the finite element method, the three disc brake designs analyzed the characteristics of the heat received from the braking process. Disc brakes with better heat dissipation ability are the most suitable type to use. From the simulation results, the ventilated (circular hole) disc brakes have the best heat dissipation capability with a maximum temperature of 635,520 K, lower than the vane and solid types where the maximum is obtained. temperatures of 5700 K and 809.50 K . The vane type disc brake design is a disc brake design with the worst heat dissipation capability which has the highest final temperature of 809.50 K.Keywords—Thermal analysis, disk brake, heat, high efficiency vehicle
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Huang, Shan, Jiusheng Bao, Shirong Ge, Yan Yin, and Tonggang Liu. "Design of a frictional–electromagnetic compound disk brake for automotives." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, no. 4 (July 15, 2019): 1113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407019864210.
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According to the disadvantages of serious wear and heat fade of friction pad in frequent and high speed braking of friction brakes, and the insufficient power of electromagnetic brakes in low speed braking, a novel frictional-electromagnetic compound disk brake which combines both of these two brake principles is proposed for automotives in this paper. The excitation coils are designed based on the Zhang Yicheng theory model, and the compound brake prototype is manufactured based on the self-made magnetic brake pads and existing automotive brakes. The magnetic field and dynamic of the brake are simulated by using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The frictional–electromagnetic compound brake tests are implemented on the reconstructive disk brake simulation test bench. The experimental results show that the friction braking torque accounts for more than 90% of the compound braking torque in the process of compound braking, and the trend of the change is the same as that of the compound braking torque. When the initial braking speed exceeds 75 km/h, the electromagnetic braking torque does not increase with the increase in speed, instead, it decreases slightly because of demagnetization. The designed frictional–electromagnetic compound disk brake has good braking performance.
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Deepa, N., Sanchayita Dasmunshi, Shubhangi Verma, Anurag Shukla, and Sneha Nanda. "Brake failure detection and electronic auxiliary braking system." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.8 (March 19, 2018): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.8.10439.
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Brakes are the integral part of a vehicle, which are used to reduce the speed of the car. Brake failure is one of the major problems, which lead to several accidents. Brake failure occurs due to brake lining fails, which leads to pressure loss. This mainly occurs in pneumatic brakes, which are used in most of the vehicles. The aim of our paper is to diagnose the faulty braking system and to enable the functioning of auxiliary braking or secondary brake system during brake failure. When the primary pneumatic brake fails the pressure sensor detects the brake failure and gives warning signal to the driver and also enables the auxiliary brake, which can be controlled by the driver manually through a manual control board. This braking system ensures the safety of the driver as well as the passengers without causing any damage to the vehicle.
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Gräbner, Nils, Dominik Schmid, and Utz von Wagner. "On Drum Brake Squeal—Assessment of Damping Measures by Time Series Data Analysis of Dynamometer Tests and Complex Eigenvalue Analyses." Machines 11, no. 12 (November 24, 2023): 1048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11121048.
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Brake squeal—an audible high-frequency noise phenomenon in the range between 1 kHz and 15 kHz resulting from self-excited vibrations—is one of the main cost drivers while developing brake systems. Increasing damping is often a crucial factor in the context of self-excited vibrations. Countermeasures applied for preventing brake squeal have been investigated particularly for disk brakes in the past. However, in recent years, drum brakes have once again become more important, partly because of the issue of particle emissions. Concerning noise problems, drum brakes have a decisive advantage compared to disk brake systems in that the outer drum surface is freely accessible for applying damping devices. This paper focuses on the fundamental proving and evaluation of passive damping measures on a simplex drum brake system. To obtain a detailed understanding of the influence of additional damping on the squealing behavior of drum brakes, extensive experimental investigations are performed on a brake with an intentionally introduced high squealing tendency in the initial configuration. This made it possible to investigate the influence of different types of damping measures on their effectiveness. Techniques from the field of big data analysis and machine learning are tested to detect squeal in measured time series data. These techniques were remarkably reliable and made it possible to detect squeal efficiently even in data that was not generated on a traditional costly NVH brake dynamometer. To investigate whether the simulation method usually used for the simulation of brake squeal is applicable to depicting the influence of additional damping in drum brakes, a complex eigenvalue analysis was performed with Abaqus, and the results were compared with those from the experiments.
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Seelam, Anil Babu, Nabil Ahmed Zakir Hussain, and Sachidananda Hassan Krishanmurthy. "Design and analysis of disc brake system in high speed vehicles." International Journal for Simulation and Multidisciplinary Design Optimization 12 (2021): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/smdo/2021019.
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Brakes are the most important component of any automobile. Brakes provide the ability to reduce or bring automobile to a complete stop. The process of braking is usually achieved by applying pressure to the brake discs. The main objective of this research paper is to propose an appropriate design and to perform analysis of a suitable brake rotor to enhance the performance of the high-speed car. The design of the brake disc is modelled using Solid works and the analysis is carried out using Ansys software. The analysis has been conducted by considering stainless steel and grey cast iron using same brake rotor design so that optimal choice of brake disc can be considered. The analysis considered involves static structural analysis and steady state thermal analysis considering specific parameters on brake rotor to increase the life of brake rotor. From the analysis it is found that the performance and life of disc brake depends upon heat dissipation. From the analysis results it can be concluded that grey cast iron has performed better as compared to stainless steel as this material has anti-fade properties which improves the life of the brake rotor.
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Sampathkumar, M., A. Sakthivel, P. Tharun Prasad, S. Vinothkumar, and R. Vinothkumar. "Design and fabrication of electromagnetic braking system for four wheeler." South Asian Journal of Engineering and Technology 8, no. 1 (February 8, 2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/sajet190802.
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These brakes designed by controlling for equipment, automobiles and movers are suitable for AC&DC power supplies up to 12 v to 220 v and are suitable for wide range of drum sizes 10 to 380 mm dia these brakes are suitable with a rated torque ranging from 100kg-cm for the smallest brake up to 2000 kg-cm for a 380mm dia at 50% coil rating, the coil remains in circuit for a maximum 5 min out of every 10min. Since these brakes are closed position, the release of brake shoes is affected by energizing the electromagnetic coil which over comes the spring force and shoes are moved clear of drum by lever system so that the drum is free to rotate without any friction. When the power given to the electromagnetic coil the coil gets energized and in turns the plunger pulls down. The plunger in turn operates the arm of the brake and the brake opens. When specied brake drum both pin bush type and flexible geared type can be supplied along with the brakes.
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Yin, Jian, Qi Zhou, Xingbin Fang, Ziyuan Liu, Yu Liu, Shengfang Zhang, and Zhihua Sha. "Study on Service Vibration Characteristics of High-Speed Train Disc Brake under Thermo-Solid Coupling." Applied Sciences 13, no. 22 (November 15, 2023): 12361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132212361.
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This paper examines the effects of thermo-solid coupling and the influence of braking parameter changes on the vibration characteristics of high-speed train disc brakes. A multi-flexible body dynamics model of high-speed train disc brakes considering thermo-solid coupling was established to study the vibration characteristics of high-speed train disc brakes during service. The results show that the uneven distribution of temperature and stress produced during the brake disc’s service was the primary cause of the warping deformation of the brake disc, which prevented the brake disc and the brake pads from making sufficient contact and caused vibration while braking. By comparing the analytical findings of whether the model was subject to the coupling effect or not, the influence of thermo-solid coupling on the braking procedure was demonstrated from the standpoint of energy distribution. The severity of the high-speed train brake disc vibration gradually increased along with the braking pressure and initial speed. In addition, vibration aggravated the instability of the braking process, which could lead to thermoelastic instability and is harmful to the braking performance of the brake. These findings provide theoretical support for designing and manufacturing disc brakes for high-speed trains.
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A.Pavan Kumar and Dr.D Venkata Rao, Shaik Chand Mabhu Subhani. "Structural and Thermal Analysis of Brake Drum." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 6, no. 12 (December 3, 2020): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst061202.
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The brake drum is a specialized brake that uses the concept of friction to decelerate or to stop the vehicle. The deceleration is achieved by the assistance of the friction generated by a set of brake shoes or pads. During the brake operation heat is ejected out this causes damage to the brake. Disc (Rotor) brakes are exposed to large thermal stresses during routine braking and extraordinary thermal stresses during hard braking. To satisfy this condition the drum material should possess a high thermal conductivity, thermal capacity and high strength .The common material used for construction of brake drum is cast iron. The aim of the project is to design, model a disc. Modeling is done using catia. Structural and Thermal analysis is to be done on the drum brakes using four materials Stainless Steel, gray Cast iron, carbon carbon composite & aluminum metal matrix. The shoes of this kind of brake are contained within the drum and expand outwards when the brake is applied. Such kind of brakes is used in medium heavy-duty vehicles. Structural analysis is done on the drum brake to validate the strength of the drum brake and thermal analysis is done to analyze the thermal properties. Comparison can be done for deformation; stresses, temperature etc. form the three materials to check which material is best. Catia is a 3d modeling software widely used in the design process. ANSYS is general-purpose finite element analysis (FEA) software package. Finite Element Analysis is a numerical method of deconstructing a complex system into very small pieces (of user-designated size) called elements.
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Feier, Ioan, Joseph Way, and Rob Redfield. "Bicycle Disc Brake Thermal Performance: Combining Dynamometer Tests, Bicycle Experiments, and Modeling." Proceedings 49, no. 1 (June 15, 2020): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020049100.
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High-power bicycle disc braking can create excessive temperatures and boiling brake fluid, resulting in performance degradation and damage. The goal of this work is to understand brake friction performance and thermal behavior for bicycle disc brakes. A previously described disc braking dynamometer is used to assess brake pad performance of sintered metallic brake pads, organic brake pads, and ‘power’ organic pads in up to 400 W of braking power. The friction coefficient is found to be dependent on both temperature and normal force. Friction curve fits are provided for temperatures between 300 K and 550 K. Organic and ‘power’ organic pads are found to have similar behavior, and have higher friction coefficients compared to metallic pads. Further, brakes on an instrumented bicycle are tested in outdoor field trials during downhill descent. A MATLAB thermal model successfully predicts the downhill field brake disc temperatures when using the friction data curve fits.
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Liu, Xu Hui, Liang Yao Yu, and Liang Xu Ma. "MR Based Brake-by-Wire System with Self-Energizing Capability." Advanced Materials Research 936 (June 2014): 2087–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.936.2087.
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Brake-by-wire system is a new concept of brake system using electromechanical actuators instead of conventional hydraulic actuators. It is more compact, more efficient and responses faster than traditional brake systems. Magneto-rheological (MR) fluid is widely used due to its outstanding properties. In this paper, an MR based Brake-by-wire system with self-energizing capability were proposed and designed. It combined a typical single-disk-type MR brake with a wedge mechanism for self-energizing purpose. According to the torque analysis of the proposed MR brakes, the brake torque was significantly amplified. This research work presented a promising brake actuator, which allows MR fluids to be applied in automotive Brake-by-wire systems.
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Shirose, Burhanuddin, Kunal Yadav, LS Meenatchi, and K. Vedhanarayan. "Robotic arm for brake performance testing." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2251, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2251/1/012002.
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Abstract Bikes require their brakes to be tested. There are adequately defined conditions under which these tests need to be performed: the brake pedal has to be pressed by a constant force. This force varies depending on the standardized test, but the value remains constant under each standard. No bike brake is perfect and thus has imperfections like disc thickness variation and disc misalignment. These imperfections cause judder due to which force experienced by the brakes under a specific pedal position varies too. This can create errors in tests and thus needs to be overcome for proper performance testing of brakes. “Robotic arm for brake performance testing” provides an effective solution by constantly measuring the braking force and instantly moving the brake pedal to keep the braking force constant.
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Grygorcewicz, Paweł. "Results from Laboratory Tests of New Electric Brake Prototype." Journal of KONES 26, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kones-2019-0056.
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Abstract The main idea of this article was to compare the results of new design electric brake to the older version of hydraulic brake in laboratory tests. The energy of braking should be very similar due to the same mass of the airplane. That is why the laboratory tests of both brakes were took place in the same stand. Of course, the parameters were similar but not at all. The main idea was to create the solution, which could be used in vehicle like airplane. The electric brakes could replace traditional hydraulic brake solution. The results could be interesting for every researcher who is interested in brakes. Other important idea of this article was to describe the tests of new electric brake prototype. The purpose of the tests was to check designing of electric brakes. The electric brake prototype should ensure sufficient efficiency, safety, reliability and durability during braking, which is required in certification processes and is particularly important when researching innovative solutions. It was really important to verify the design and check the parameters. Of course, there is really important to remember that in every new type of the prototype solutions there are many pros and cons, which are typical only for considered design. Nowadays every electric brake design is different because there is a lot of new concept.
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Məhərrəm oğlu Əliyev, Ələsgər. "Analysis of braking systems of classic drilling." SCIENTIFIC WORK 65, no. 04 (April 21, 2021): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/65/6-11.
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The lowering and lifting of the drill strings during drilling is carried out using winches. One of the main elements of the winches is the braking system. The braking system of the drawworks is designed for: keeping the drill string suspended; power absorption during the descent of the string to the length of one candle with the highest permissible speed and complete braking at the end of the descent; smooth feed of the drill string as the well deepens while drilling. Braking devices used in drilling machines and mechanisms are divided into main and auxiliary ones according to their purpose.The main ones are designed to stop machines and mechanisms and are activated at the end of the movement with long interruptions in work, while auxiliary ones are for long-term braking in order to reduce the speed of movement. The brakes of classic drill bits consist of a main working belt-molded brake, as well as an auxiliary brake consisting of electromagnetic or hydrodynamic brakes. Key words: belt-molded brake, hydrodynamic brake, electromagnetic brake, electromagnetic ferro-dust brakes
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Lapisa, Remon, Donny Fernandez, Claudio Tarihoran, Milana Milana, Ahmad Arif, Purwantono Purwantono, and Jasman Jasman. "Experimental study of the effect of brake drum cooling grooves on motorcycle braking performance." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering, no. 3 (May 31, 2022): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2022.001983.
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Some important indicators in the braking system performance on a motorcycle are the braking temperature and stopping distance. High temperatures due to frictional heat in the drum brake can decrease the braking force and cause a slip. To improve braking performance, an effective strategy is needed to reduce the drum temperature and shorten the stopping distance. This study aims to analyze the effect of cooling grooves on the standard brake drum to decrease the drum brake temperature and the length of stopping distance. The measurements were compared to the standard drum brake as a reference, and two types of the modified ones to increase the braking performance by adding the slant-grooved and a straight grooved on brake drum. Braking is performed by providing a compressive load of two kg on the brake pedal for three cases of motorbike speed: 20, 40, and 60 km/hour. The results show that the brake drum with straight cooling grooves provides better braking performance compared to other drum brakes. For a speed of 60 km/h, the temperature of the straight grooved brake is 3.5 ºC. The stopping distance is 29.1 % shorter compared to the standard one. It shows that adding cooling grooves on drum brake can increase the effectiveness of motorcycle braking performance at various speeds. The results show that the brake drum with straight cooling grooves provides better braking performance compared to other drum brakes
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Shiao, Yaojung, and Mahendra Babu Kantipudi. "High torque density magnetorheological brake with multipole dual disc construction." Smart Materials and Structures 31, no. 4 (March 11, 2022): 045022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/ac5860.
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Abstract This paper presents a magnetorheological (MR) brake with the intent of overcoming the problems of limited torque density and low manufacturability that conventional MR brakes come across. Firstly, the conceptual design of the proposed MR brake was finalized. High torque density was achieved by using the combined effect of the dual disc-type construction and multipole concept. High manufacturability was attained with a simple and lightweight mechanical construction. It was created with the major components, namely magnetically permeable stator cases, rotor discs, magnetic cores, winding coils, and MR fluid. The computer aided design (CAD) model and analytical models were also developed to study the performance of the proposed brake. Then, the dimensions of the brake were optimized through electromagnetic simulations. Further, the brake performance was simulated using a three-dimensional electromagnetic model. Finally, a prototype of the optimized MR brake was fabricated, and its performance was experimentally validated. It is clear from the computer simulations and experimental test results, that the proposed MR brake has achieved the objective. The maximum torque was 16.5 Nm, and the torque density of 79.3 Nm dm−3 was significantly higher than that of conventional MR brakes. This brake also exhibited a fairly rapid response with a response rate of 90 ms.
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Siregar, Rolan, Mohammad Adhitya, Danardono A. Sumarsono, Nazaruddin Nazaruddin, Ghany Heryana, Sonki Prasetya, and Fuad Zainuri. "Optimization of temperature measurement on the bus drum brake as a basis for developing brake fault signals." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 1 (109) (February 19, 2021): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.224907.
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Brake failure is always possible due to several factors that are difficult to control, such as a slight leak in the brake hose due to an impact or a rat bite. In the latest research, the development of a brake performance detection tool has been started, but how to detect a brake temperature more efficiently on the brakes of large vehicles has not been specified. Given the significant impact of losses due to brake failure and accidents that are still occurring, this research plays an important role. It must be completed immediately so that accident cases can be reduced. The object of this research is where the position of the maximum brake temperature occurs? How to measure brake temperature is more practical? What sensor is optimal in detecting a brake temperature? The research method is carried out in a systematic stage that ends with an experimental method. This study indicates that the maximum temperature is relative to the entire friction area between the canvas and the drum brake. The most efficient sensor placement is in the hole in the drum brake cover so that installation is more practical and the brakes are not disturbed by the sensor’s presence. The optimal sensor is a thermocouple sensor because it is more stable to vibrations and more resistant to mud disturbances than infrared sensors. When using a thermocouple sensor, the temperature detection results must be corrected. The correction factor can be made with the equation y=10.3670+1.3205x–0.0003x2, where y is the actual temperature displayed, and x is the input temperature from the thermocouple sensor’s initial detection. Accurate brake temperature detection results will be developed as a signal for detecting brake faults in real-time to avoid brake failure. Finally, the safety of public transportation can be improved
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Sohn, Jung Woo, Han Gyeol Gang, and Seung-Bok Choi. "An experimental study on torque characteristics of magnetorheological brake with modified magnetic core shape." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 10, no. 1 (January 2018): 168781401775222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814017752222.
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In this article, a new type of magnetorheological brake is designed and its torque characteristics are investigated experimentally. The proposed magnetorheological brake consists of an outer housing, a rotating drum, magnetorheological fluid, and a copper wire coiled magnetic core to generate a magnetic field. At first, the structural configurations of the magnetorheological brakes are presented with conventional and modified magnetic core shape. To achieve enhanced braking torque under limited small size, a modified magnetic core shape is adopted in the proposed magnetorheological brake. After manufacturing the magnetorheological brakes and measurement of braking torque, it is verified that the proposed magnetorheological brake with modified magnetic core shape has improved braking torque compared to conventional-type magnetorheological brake. For the actuator application, the dynamic characteristics, such as rising time, settling time, and falling time, of the proposed magnetorheological brake is also experimentally evaluated by observing the step response. In addition, the torque tracking control performance is also investigated by adopting fuzzy–proportional–integral–derivative control algorithm for desired input of sinusoidal and multi-magnitude step input. It is demonstrated that the proposed magnetorheological brake can be successfully used as an actuator with limited small size.
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Jiang, Jun Sheng. "Analysis on Wet Multi-Disc Brake Based on ABAQUS." Advanced Materials Research 421 (December 2011): 427–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.421.427.
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In this paper, take the wet multi-disc brake of underground engineering truck as research object, combined with the complex modal analysis theory and FEM, and establish the FEM model of the wet multi-disc brake based on ABAQUS. Through complex modal analyzing on the wet multi-disc brake, obtain the main factors of brake noise during braking and provide improved measures to decrease the brake noise combined with analysis results. It provides a theoretical basis in the design of wet multi-disc brakes and has a practical engineering significance.
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Mat Lazim, Ahmad Razimi, Mohd Kameil Abdul Hamid, and Abd Rahim Abu Bakar. "Effects of Pad Surface Topography on Disc Brake Squeal." Applied Mechanics and Materials 165 (April 2012): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.165.58.
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Brake squeal has always been a major NVH problem to many car makers due to significant number of warranty claims. Brake squeal is a high frequency noise (above 1 kHz) emanating from car disc brakes that get excited due to one or more mechanisms such as mode coupling, stick-slip, hammering and sprag-slip. This paper attempts to investigate the effects of brake pad surface topography on squeal generation. Two pairs of a non-asbestos organic (NAO) brake pad will be tested on a brake dynamometer test rig. Surface topography of the brake pad will be analyzed through microscopic techniques using energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and optical microscope.
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Reddy, R. Vishnu Vardhan. "Modeling and Analysis of Functionally Graded Material for Disc Plate under Mechanical Loads." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 7 (July 31, 2023): 386–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.54619.
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Abstract: The most crucial components of an automobile are the brakes. The wheel's rotation can be controlled and stopped by using the brakes. Today's cars employ a variety of brakes, with disc brakes being one of the most common. Brake pads are used in disc brakes to exert force against the disc's two sides mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically, or electromagnetically. The attached wheel and disc come to a stop due to friction. Brakes turn friction into heat; if the temperature rises too high, they tend to stop working because they are unable to remove enough heat from the system. Brake fading is the name of this failure state. During normal braking and under extreme thermal stress during hard braking, disc brakes are exposed to significant thermal strains. Mild steel is typically used for disc brakes, which are attached to the wheel. In this work, functionally graded spinning annular discs exposed to internal pressure and varied temperature distributions underwent an analytical investigation. Considered are two disc brake models: one without holes and one with holes. Different materials for disc brakes will be compared; the materials are mild steel and aluminium alloy 6061 with regard to functional graded materials. The two models with different material compositions are subjected to structural and thermal examination. In CATIA V5 R20, a disc brake model is made, and in ANSYS 14.5, analysis is carried out
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Nguyen, Ngoc Diep, Thang Le-Duc, Le Dai Hiep, and Quoc Hung Nguyen. "Development of a new magnetorheological fluid–based brake with multiple coils placed on the side housings." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 30, no. 5 (December 29, 2018): 734–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x18818385.
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In this research, a new configuration of magnetorheological fluid–based brake with multiple coils placed on each side of the brake housing (multiple side-coil magnetorheological fluid–based brake) is proposed, optimally designed, and evaluated. With this configuration, the multiple side-coil magnetorheological fluid–based brake is expected to provide higher braking torque and more compact size than the traditional magnetorheological fluid–based brake. After a brief introduction about the development of magnetorheological fluid–based brake, the configuration of multiple side-coil magnetorheological fluid–based brake is proposed. Braking torque of the proposed magnetorheological fluid–based brake is then analyzed based on the Bingham plastic rheological model of magnetorheological fluid. The optimization of the proposed multiple side-coil magnetorheological fluid–based brake, the magnetorheological fluid–based brake with one coil placed on each side of the brake housing (single side-coil magnetorheological fluid–based brake), and the conventional magnetorheological fluid–based brake is then performed considering maximum braking torque and mass of the brakes. Based on the optimal results, advanced performance characteristics of the proposed magnetorheological fluid–based brake are figured out. In addition, experimental works are conducted to validate the performance of the proposed multiple side-coil magnetorheological fluid–based brake.
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Barecki, Z., and S. F. Scieszka. "Some Factors Influencing Friction Brake Performance: Part 3—Computer Simulation of the Lining Wear Process in Friction Brakes." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 111, no. 1 (March 1, 1989): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3258958.
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In this paper the simulative model of the friction lining wear process in a winding gear, post type, brake is presented. In the modelling procedure, the wear characteristics of the friction materials and the brake variables typical for winding brakes, for example, the elastic property of the brake elements were taken into consideration. The modelling of the friction lining wear process was used to predict associated changes in the pressure distribution, and other mechanical characteristics of the brake system.
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Stefanovic, Slobodan, and Stefan Mladenovic. "ANALYSIS OF BRAKE SYSTEMS IN MOTOR VEHICLES USING PRACTICAL EXAMPLES FROM THE ASPECT OF THEIR DIAGNOSTICS." KNOWLEDGE - International Journal 54, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij5403505s.
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The part of the braking system that has the task of transmitting the command activated by the driver to thebrakes is called the transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism itself can be different depending on howit is constructed and conceptually executed. As for the conceptual solution, the question arises as to whether thetransmission method itself must be such that the driver's command is only transmitted to the brakes or the driver'scommand itself is handed over to a separate energy system. The energy system itself can be such that it additionallyhelps the activation of the brakes (servo brake force boosters) or completely takes over the activation of the brakes,with the creation of a certain braking force on the wheels, and these are the so-called mechanisms with full servoaction. Today we have the following transmission mechanisms in use: Mechanical transmission, hydraulic with orwithout servo amplification, hydraulic with full servo action, pneumatic with full servo action, hydro-pneumaticwith servo amplification or with full servo action. The very choice of these systems depends on a large number offactors, but the main one is - how much energy must be delivered to the brakes. Each of these systems is explainedseparately in the paper. A mechanical transmission mechanism is a system that does not have any additional servoamplification, but the command of the driver or the person operating the machine is directly transmitted to thebrakes. Based on this, we can conclude that the application of this transmission mechanism in brake systems is quitelimited. Today, this transmission mechanism is only used as a service brake on some slower trucks and tractors. Thehydraulic transmission mechanism is the system that is most common in brake systems of passenger, light cargo anddelivery vehicles. In the case of vehicles weighing up to 1000 kg, the driver alone is sufficient to develop thenecessary energy for braking, so it is not necessary to additionally support the braking force with servo boosters. Butthat's why smaller trucks and delivery vehicles need additional help from a servo booster to activate the brakingforce. Servo amplifiers have become an integral part of the equipment in passenger vehicles primarily due to thesafety, security and comfort of passengers. In contrast to the mechanical transmission, this system is morecomplicated in terms of performance and its operation is based on the transmission of pressure through the brakefluid from the main brake cylinder to the brake cylinder in the brakes. The pressure created by the brake fluid actson the pistons in the cylinder itself and in this way force is created and the brakes are activated. The main advantageof this system is the very safety and safer braking, because with the hydraulic system it is possible to make adistribution in several independent branches to the cylinders on the brakes, and this is one of the basic satisfactoryrequirements in the ECE regulation that the brakes must also have an auxiliary braking system in case dismissal ofthe principal. The system itself consists of: the pedal, which is activated by pressing the foot on the pedal itself, themain brake cylinder, the distribution system, the working brake cylinders in the brakes and the brake itself.
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Scheibe, Robert R., and Per G. Reinhall. "Safety Monitoring of Air Brake Systems on Board Commercial Vehicles." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1560, no. 1 (January 1996): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196156000107.
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Research is leading to development of an on-board, intelligent air brake warning device (IBWD) for commercial vehicles equipped with such brakes. Recent statistics show that a disturbing proportion of commercial vehicles are operating with brakes that are out of adjustment or otherwise improperly maintained. Air brake systems on multiaxle vehicles are particularly sensitive to brake adjustment and provide poor feedback of deteriorating performance to drivers. Currently, the only active warning is for low air pressure; drivers receive no information about the effectiveness of the total system. Recent improvements, including automatic slack adjusters and antilock brake systems, are not sufficient to ensure adequacy of brakes. IBWD performs an on-board, real-time assessment of vehicle brake performance through measurement of a relatively small number of parameters. It gives drivers adequate time for corrective action and provides maintenance personnel and authorities with valuable information for improved servicing and inspection activities. In addition to the safety benefits, IBWD will enhance commercial vehicle productivity by reducing unnecessary delays at inspection points and by boosting overall acceptance of other intelligent transportation system technologies. A discussion of IBWD design philosophy and methodology is presented. The measurable parameters of interest are discussed, along with how they will be monitored. Analysis and modeling of empirical data collected from an extensive full-scale vehicle test program are presented, along with techniques for deriving a brake assessment algorithm.
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Listiyono, Listiyono, Nurhadi Nurhadi, and Khambali Khambali. "Compressor Air Pressure and Brake Shield Distance Brake to Braking Accuracy on Brakes Antilock Braking System." Asian Journal Science and Engineering 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.51278/ajse.v1i1.419.
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The development of automotive technology to date is very fast. In the city, it is almost rare to find conventional cars. Most are already using modern technology. The hallmark of modern cars is that they are not fully mechanical. Already combined with several electric and pneumatic tools. Until now the development in the field of chassis is endless. Its initial development began with the discovery of ABS (Anti Lock Brake System) brakes. Basically, ABS is followed by supporting components such as EBD, ESP, and so on.All of this is actually inseparable from the main function of braking. Namely so that the car can run well,, deceleration and stop as desired appropriately. The parts of the brakes that are most influential are the brake shoes and discs and the compressed air from the brakes. Also the most influential accuracy is the distance of the brake shroud. Therefore, in this study the aims of 1. To find the effect of pressure and brake shroud distance. 2. What is the minimum air pressure and brake shroud for the brakes to work properly (grip). This research uses experimental design method. The data is processed with the Minitab program. Data processing shows that: 1. The braking speed is influenced by the amount of compressed air pressure. Partially the distance of the brake shroud does not affect the braking speed. But the interaction of pressure and shroud distance has an effect on braking speed. 2. Air pressure that can be used as a fast ABS braking process is 3.75 – 4.25 (bar) with a shroud distance of 5 (mm).
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Podryhalo, Mykhailo, Andrei Kashkanov, Vitalii Shein, Oleksii Kasianenko, and Valerii Uzhyk. "METHOD FOR PREDICTION OF DURABILITY OF FRICTION LININGS OF TRACTOR BRAKES." Bulletin of the National Technical University «KhPI». Series: Automobile and Tractor Construction, no. 2 (June 21, 2022): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2078-6840.2021.2.09.
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The paper presents the results of a research on the creation of a methodology for predicting the durability of friction linings of tractor brake mechanisms at the design stage. Not only an increase in engine power and tractor weight is taken into account, but also the installation of more advanced brake mechanisms. Thanks to the developed method for predicting the durability of the friction linings of tractor brake mechanisms, the use of unified disc brakes is justified.
To solve the problem, the similarity theory was used, in which the most intense loading mode of the tractor brake mechanisms was modeled. As an indicator, the maximum work performed by the brakes until the friction linings are completely worn out was used. The results of estimating the resource of the friction linings of the tractor brake mechanisms under the most intense loading conditions were compared with the results of the calculation under the actual loading conditions.
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Badkar, P. S., and D. M. Kalai. "Design, Manufacturing and Analysis of Alloy Steel Brake Disc." Asian Review of Mechanical Engineering 6, no. 1 (May 5, 2017): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/arme-2017.6.1.2420.
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Each single system has been studied and developed in ordered to meet the safety requirement. Instead of having air bag, good suspension systems, good handling and safe cornering, there is one most critical system in the vehicle which is brake system. Without brake system in the vehicle will put a passenger in unsafe position. Therefore, it is must for all vehicles to have proper brake system. In this paper alloy steel disc brake material use for calculating normal force, shear force and piston force And also calculating the brake distance of disc brake. The standard disc brakes two wheelers model using in ANSYS and done the Thermal analysis and Model analysis also calculate the Heat flux and Temperature of disc brake model. This is important to understand action force and friction force on the disc brake new material, how disc brake works more efficiently, which can help to reduce the accident that may happen in each day.
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Hanafi, Ludy. "PERHITUNGAN PERANCANGAN REM TROMOL HONDA SUPRA X 125D 2005." Gorontalo Journal of Infrastructure and Science Engineering 5, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32662/gojise.v5i1.2019.
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Drum brakes are one of the main components on a motorcycle. To design a drum brake required a calculation. This design calculation aims to determine the service life of the brake shoes by using appropriate materials so that they can create brake shoes that are safe to use, then the method used is to measure directly on the brakes of the vehicle by paying attention to the vehicle specifications and also the brake specifications. The calculation results obtained that the age of the brake shoes is 45 days, the braking force produced by the drum brake is 1619.86 N, then the maximum pressure value in each brake shoe has a different value in the left brake shoe having a maximum pressure value of 1 MPa then the right brake shoe has a maximum pressure value that is greater than the left brake shoe, which is 6.3 MPaRem Tromol adalah salah satu komponen utama pada sebuah Sepeda Motor. Untuk merancang sebuah rem tromol diperlukan suatu perhitungan. Perhitungan perancangan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui umur pakai sepatu rem dengan menggunkan material yang sesuai sehingga dapat terciptalah sepatu rem yang aman untuk digunakan, kemudian metode yang digunkan adalah mengukur langsung pada Rem kendaran dengan memperhatikan spesifikasi kendaraan dan juga spesifikasi rem tersebut. Hasil perhitungsn diperoleh umur sepatu rem adalah selama 45 hari, besar gaya pengereman yang di hasilkan rem tromol sebesar 1619,86 N, kemudian nilai tekanan maksimum disetiap sepatu rem memiliki nilai yang berbeda di sepatu rem kiri memilki nilai tekanan maksimum sebesar 1 MPa kemudian pada sepatu rem kanan memiliki nilai tekanan maksimum yang lebih besar dari sepatu rem kiri yaitu sebesar 6,3 MPa.
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Storch, Lukas, Christopher Hamatschek, David Hesse, Felix Feist, Thomas Bachmann, Philipp Eichler, and Theodoros Grigoratos. "Comprehensive Analysis of Current Primary Measures to Mitigate Brake Wear Particle Emissions from Light-Duty Vehicles." Atmosphere 14, no. 4 (April 14, 2023): 712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14040712.
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Exhaust regulations and improved exhaust gas treatment systems have already initiated the trend that brings emissions from brakes and tires to the forefront of traffic-induced particulate matter. The health and environmental relevance of particulate matter has resulted in regulators, industry, and research institutions prioritising the mitigation of non-exhaust particle emissions. To this end, under the umbrella of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe World Forum for Harmonisation of Vehicle Regulations (UNECE WP.29), the Working Party on Pollution and Energy (GRPE) mandated the Particle Measurement Programme Informal Working Group (PMP-IWG) to develop a Global Technical Regulation (GTR) for measuring brake dust. The standards and procedures defined within the GTR should eventually form the basis for the introduction of a Euro 7 limit value for brake emissions. The purpose of this measurement campaign is to provide an exemplary overview of the emission behaviour of wheel brakes and friction pairings currently available on the market and to identify possible reduction potential with regard to particulate emissions. All measurements were carried out taking into account the draft GTR valid at the time of execution. For the investigations, brakes were selected using the example of different vehicle classes, brake concepts (disc and drum brake), vehicle axles (front and rear axle), and alternative friction materials (brake disc and pads/shoes). Thus, the use of wear-resistant discs and improved brake pad compositions are able to achieve significantly lower emissions. In addition, the measurement of brake dust emissions from vehicles with different levels of electrification was considered. Electrical braking was modelled and applied to the Worldwide Harmonised Light-Duty Vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP) Brake Cycle, which has demonstrated high emission reduction potentials depending on the electrification level.
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Pérez Hernández, Fernando Misael, Martín Montes Rivera, Ricardo Perez Hernández, and Roberto Macias Escobar. "Diagnosis of the Car Brake System with Fuzzy-Bayesian Expert." International Journal of Combinatorial Optimization Problems and Informatics 15, no. 2 (June 12, 2024): 26–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.61467/2007.1558.2024.v15i2.470.
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Brakes are essential for vehicle safety, acting as the primary protection on the road. A malfunction can cause accidents, highlighting the importance of regular checks for issues like unusual noises, abnormal movements, slow response, and warning lights. Often, drivers may not link these symptoms to brake problems, delaying necessary checks. However, identifying these issues as brake-related allows for immediate action. This paper proposes a Fuzzy-Bayesian expert system to aid drivers in maintaining car brakes. This system combines fuzzy logic and Bayesian reasoning to manage uncertainty and make informed decisions. It utilizes UPAFuzzySystems for fuzzy rule description and Twilio for SMS integration, enabling drivers to access brake system information via mobile. Our Python-based tool aims to revolutionize brake system diagnostics and maintenance, ensuring enhanced safety through timely and effective decision-making.
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Ghayrie Habsy Alghifary and Rahmad Fauzi. "Analisis Penggunaan Rem Magnetik Dengan Animasi Sederhana." Uranus : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro, Sains dan Informatika 2, no. 3 (July 2, 2024): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.61132/uranus.v2i3.200.
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This article discusses the use of Faraday’s law and Lorenz's force in the use of magnetic brake technology on motorbikes in an effort to increase the efficiency and sustainability of transportation. The magnetic brake is made of non-ferromagnetic metal, the disk is flanked by a coil that carries an electric current which is then regulated by a driver and uses an Arduino to be able to regulate and measure the current strength in the magnetic brake. The research results show that magnetic brakes are able to provide significant speed reduction by producing consistent and responsive braking force. With the wider use of magnetic brakes, these findings show the great potential of magnetic brake technology in improving the operational efficiency of motorbikes. Research supports further development and application of this technology in the automotive industry.
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Vasiljević, Saša, Jovanka Lukić, Danijela Miloradović, and Jasna Glišović. "Driving cycles for studying brake wear particle emissions on an inertial brake dynamometer." Tribology and Materials 2, no. 1 (2023): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/tribomat.2023.006.
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With the development of contemporary drive systems that have a lower or zero emission of exhaust products, a significant reduction in the harmful influence of traffic on the environment has been achieved, but today new pollutants have been identified on the vehicle. One of such non-exhaust pollutant are brakes whose wear can be a significant particulate matter (PM) contributor. Examining the mechanisms of the formation of particles during braking, and therefore, brake wear is becoming one of the important areas of research today. There are several tests and driving cycles that are applied during the research of the brakes, but they are not primarily defined for testing particle emissions during braking. UNECE (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe) has included in its plan the introduction of standardised cycles that will prescribe a brake cycle whose purpose will be to examine the formation of particles. The brake pads are made of a mixture of different materials that ensure the longevity and efficiency of the brake system and the applied materials have different wear intensities in certain operating conditions. The most common laboratory tests in this area are performed using inertial brake dynamometers. This paper presents an experimental planning method of quantifying the influence of some of the operating parameters (initial speed of the vehicle, braking pressure and vehicle’s load per one brake disc-pads friction pair) on the airborne particulate matter for four different brake pads materials during testing on an inertial brake dynamometer.
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Wadile, Ratnajeet. "Thermal Analysis of a Disc." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 10 (October 31, 2021): 1910–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38476.
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Abstract: The disk brakes are special mechanized parts in a vehicle attached with the tires to help reduce the velocity of the vehicle. As the brake pads caused friction with the disc brakes, there is a temperature rise. Due to this there are great chances of disc brake’s failure if temperature rises above some permissible limit. Solidworks and ANSYS are the design and analysis tools which are used to accomplish this project. The disc brake was designed using Solidworks and it was analysed in ANSYS workbench. The main aim of this project is to analyse two-disc brakes manufactured with different materials to compare their properties and select one with most benefits. Keywords: ANSYS, FEA, Disc brake, Thermal analysis, braking system, Radiation.
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Krivosheya, Yuriy Vladimirovich, and Tatyana Leonidovna Ripol-Saragosi. "Construct and energy reserves improvement of exploitative properties rail friction brake." Transport of the Urals, no. 2 (2020): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/1815-9400-2020-2-26-30.
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The paper gives an assessment of the design and energy reserves for improving the operational properties of the railway friction brake under the existing mass-dimensional restrictions and the growth of braking energy. The criterion for assessing the operational properties of the friction brake is the friction coefficient and contact energy load. The results of experimental studies of the relationship between the frictional characteristics of the disc brake and the affecting structural and loadspeed factors are presented. Design options for railway friction brakes are proposed that provide improved performance. A comparative analytical assessment of the contact energy load of new friction brake and classic disc brake options has been performed.
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Yang, Cheng Hui. "A New Mathematical Model of Brake Test Stand Control System." Advanced Materials Research 562-564 (August 2012): 975–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.562-564.975.
Full textAbstract:
All of the performances of the car, break performance is one of the most important. In the stage of automotive design, road tests usually are not available, only special brake tests are used to simulate the test. Using brake tester is a good measure to decide the vehicle braking performance. To carry out the brakes test and to explore inertia, it can better simulate the actual use of the brake mode and environmental conditions, a more realistic response to brake performance, not only brake to improve the level of R & D to enhance the braking technology, but also can improve brake testing technology to improve the design level test bench, the most critical is a good control analysis of the mathematical modeling of the brake product development, quality control, and vehicle braking performance are very important. Based on the data calculation and analysis, model, and the control algorithm, obtained reasonable control of the brake test bench mathematical modeling, and the method to do the appropriate improvements.
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Dias, Anderson L., Rômulo dN Rodrigues, Roberto dA Bezerra, and Pierre Lamary. "Automotive simplex and duplex drum brake squeal analysis using the finite element method." Noise & Vibration Worldwide 53, no. 1-2 (January 2022): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09574565211052692.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the fact that disk brakes are used on almost entire mass produced vehicle, drum brakes are still applied on light-, medium-, and heavy-duty vehicles. However, both exhibit a high level of brake noises in which squeal is the most uncomfortable and one of the reasons behind high warranty costs that concern the automotive industry. Hence, the development of prediction methods and models of brake noise have prompted significant efforts. This study intends to analyze two types of drum brakes of a commercial automotive application. Their parametric finite element model comprises drum, shoes, and frictional linings and are submitted to a computational process that includes static calculations of the system under the brake forces to get a pre-stress state around which is computed the complex eigenvalues of the system which characterize their stability. These calculations indicate the unstable frequencies of the entire system. After the design of experiments (DOE) process, the influence of drum brake parameters on system stability can be seen. The friction coefficient and Young’s modulus presented a strong correlation with squeal incidence. At the end is presented a comparison and the optimal material parameters to decrease squeal noise occurrence of these brakes.