Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Brain's default mode'
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Jilka, Sagar Ramesh. "Salience network and default mode network dysfunction after traumatic brain injury." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2015. http://research.gold.ac.uk/11157/.
Full textBergfield, Kaitlin Louise. "Age-Related Changes in Brain Connectivity: Alterations of the Default Mode Network." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/297022.
Full textGrenfell, Sophie. "Autobiographical Memory and the Default Mode Network in Mild Cognitive Impairment." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8654.
Full textGoh, Jeremy Jao Yang. "Parkinson's Disease: Structural Integrity of Four Cognitive Networks." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Psychology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8982.
Full textGhumman, Sukhmanjit. "Functional connectivity in patients with brain tumours." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/12001.
Full textLe mode de fonctionement par défaut du cerveau est un réseau cérébral associé à la rêverie et à l’introspection. Des études récentes sur ce réseau ont découvert qu’il est perturbé dans plusieurs pathologies cérébrales. Par example, le mode de fonctionnement par défaut est modulé en démence, TDAH, dépression, schizophrénie et plusieurs autres maladies liés au cerveau. Ceci a mené à l’hypothèse que le mode de fonctionnement par défaut pourrait avoir un rôle dans la physiopathologie des maladies du système nerveux, ou pourrait être un marqueur utile du fonctionnement cérébral. Par contre, très peu d’études ont investigué l’effet de lésions chirurgicaux comme les tumeurs cérébrales sur le mode de fonctionnement par défaut. Par conséquent, le but de ce projet était de caractériser l’importance de l’histologie, de la localisation et de plusieurs autres paramètres de l’effet d’une tumeur cérébrale sur le mode de fonctionnement par défaut.
Maxwell, Adele. "A functional imaging study of the relationship between the Default Mode Network and other control networks in the human brain." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2013. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/d1b48289-9bd5-484a-9c3e-61e13704405d.
Full textLalani, Sanam Jivani. "Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on Pediatric Brain Volume." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6924.
Full textKajimura, Shogo. "Mind wandering regulation by non-invasive brain stimulation." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225352.
Full textArefin, Tanzil Mahmud. "Signatures du récepteur GPR88 sur la connectivité fonctionnelle et structurelle du cerveau chez la souris : implications pour le développement de la dépendance à l’alcool." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ101/document.
Full textPathological agitations of the brain and the expression or mutation of single gene affect overall brain connectivity. Here we combined mouse mutagenesis with functional and structural MRI and explored mouse whole brain connectivity maps non-invasively in response to the inactivation of Gpr88 gene. We perceived robust modifications in the default mode network which is considered a hallmark of many psychiatric conditions, followed by sensori-motor network allied to sensorimotor gating deficiency underlying hyperactivity phenotype in Gpr88-/- mice. In addition, hippocampal and dorsal striatum functional connectivity perturbations might underlie learning deficiency and weakened amygdala connectivity with cortex and striatum might suggest triggering of risk-taking behavior previously observed in these animals. Moreover, Gpr88 deletion strongly modifies the reward network leading Gpr88-/- mice vulnerable to alcohol intake. This is the first evidence of Gpr88 involvement in reshaping the mouse brain connectome. The concordance between connectivity alterations and behavior deficits posits Gpr88 as a potential target for psychiatric disorders
Grooms, Joshua Koehler. "Examining the relationship between BOLD fMRI and infraslow EEG signals in the resting human brain." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53957.
Full textJukuri, T. (Tuomas). "Resting state brain networks in young people with familial risk for psychosis." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2016. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526211107.
Full textTiivistelmä Psykoottisiin häiriöihin sairastutaan yleensä nuoruudessa tai varhaisaikuisuudessa. Psykoositutkimuksen tavoitteena on löytää uusia menetelmiä, joiden avulla kyettäisiin tunnistamaan suurimmassa psykoosiriskissä olevat nuoret, jotta heille voitaisiin tarjota sairautta ennaltaehkäiseviä hoitokeinoja. Skitsofreniaan ja muihin psykoottisiin häiriöihin sairastuneilla on havaittu aivotoiminnan poikkeavuuksia. Samankaltaisia aivotoiminnan poikkeavuuksia on havaittu myös nuorilla, jotka ovat vaarassa sairastua psykoosiin. Toistaiseksi on ollut epäselvää, onko psykoosiin sairastuneiden henkilöiden lapsilla aivohermoverkkojen toiminnan poikkeavuuksia lepotilassa. Suoritimme aivojen lepotilan MRI-tutkimuksen (R-fMRI) 72:lle (29 miestä) nuorelle aikuiselle, joiden jompikumpi vanhempi oli sairastunut psykoosin sekä 72:lle (29 miestä) nuorelle aikuiselle, joiden vanhemmat eivät olleet sairastaneet psykoosia. Molemmat tutkimusryhmät tässä Oulu Brain and Mind -tutkimuksessa olivat Pohjois-Suomen 1986 syntymäkohortin jäseniä. Tutkittavat olivat 20–25 vuoden iässä. Lepotilan toiminnallinen magneettikuvaus suoritettiin 1.5 Teslan Siemensin magneettikuvantamislaitteella. Tutkimuskohteiksi valittiin lepotilan toiminnallinen aivohermoverkko, toiminnan ohjauksesta vastaava aivohermoverkko ja pikkuaivot. Kuvantamisdataan sovellettiin itsenäisten komponenttien analyysia aivohermoverkkojen määrittämistä varten. Ryhmien välisen eron havaitsemiseen käytettiin ei-parametristä permutaatiotestiä, joka kynnystettiin tilastollisesti merkitsevään tasoon (p < 0.05). Lepotilan oletushermoverkossa ja toiminnanohjauksesta vastaavassa aivohermoverkoissa havaittiin vähäisempää aktiivisuutta ja pikkuaivoissa kohonnutta aktiivisuutta perinnöllisessä psykoosiriskissä olevilla nuorilla aikuisilla verrattuna verrokkeihin. Tutkimustulokset selkeyttivät aiempaa ristiriitaista kirjallisuutta tutkimusaiheesta. Tutkimuksessa havaittujen aivoalueiden poikkeava toiminta lepotilassa voi liittyä kohonneeseen psykoosin puhkeamisriskiin. Tutkimuslöydösten avulla voidaan todennäköisesti edesauttaa parempien kuvantamismenetelmien kehittämistä suurimmassa psykoosiriskissä olevien nuorten tunnistamiseen
Thompson, Garth John. "Neural basis and behavioral effects of dynamic resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging as defined by sliding window correlation and quasi-periodic patterns." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/49083.
Full textHsu, Li-Ming, and 許立明. "Default Mode Network of the Rat Brain." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15280679100575775269.
Full text國立陽明大學
生物醫學影像暨放射科學系
104
The human brain is one of the most complex systems in nature. Using non-invasive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technology, researchers can explore the structural and functional brain networks on large scale. In human study, the default mode network (DMN) has been suggested to support a variety of self-referential functions, including recollection and imagination, conceptual processing, and autobiographical memory. Various neurological and psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, autism, and addiction have been demonstrated that linked to DMN dysregulation. The default mode network (DMN) has been suggested to support a variety of self-referential functions in humans. The human DMN has been fractionated into subsystems based on their distinct responses to cognitive tasks and functional connectivity architecture, which might reflect functional hierarchy and segregation within the network. Since preclinical models can be used in translational studies of neuropsychiatric disorders, partitioning of DMN in nonhuman species may inform both physiology and pathophysiology of the human DMN. In this study, we investigate constituents of the rat DMN using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The DMN was identified using a group-level independent component analysis on the rs-fMRI data. Using modularity analyses, the rat DMN was fractionated into an anterior and a posterior subsystem, which were further segregated into five modules. Fiber density derived from DTI tractography demonstrates a close relationship with the functional connectivity between DMN regions, and provided anatomical evidence to support the detected DMN functional sub-systems. We also observed distinct modulation within and between these DMN subcomponents following acute sensorimotor stimulation and aged- related cognitive dysfunction, consistent with findings in the human DMN. Together, these results suggest that the rat DMN, like the analogous human DMN, can be partitioned into several subcomponents that may be associated with distinct functions. Further investigation into the neurobiological implications of the DMN organization in both healthy and pathological preclinical models is warranted. In summary, our work provides the architecture of rat DMN using modularity analysis of re-sfMRI data and associated this with the underlying structural connectivity obtained with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography. Together, our findings on the rat DMN and its organization provide a platform to explore the physiological basis and behavioral functions of this prominent, large-scale network.
Huang, Chun-hao, and 黃俊皓. "Functional Connectivity in Human Brain: Default Mode Network Intensity and Metabolite Concentrations." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gpz992.
Full text國立臺灣科技大學
電子工程系
102
Resting state networks which relate to the alterations of coherent intrinsic neuronal activity based on blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) fluctuations can be observed in the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI). Among all resting state networks, default mode network (DMN) has been shown to exhibit reduced activation in the presence of high cognitive demand and has been used to investigate the neuronal dysfunctions. Recently, there are several studies showing that functional activity can be related to the baseline metabolic levels, such as glutamate, glutamine and GABA. In our research, we combine rsfMRI and MRS to find the revelation between the intensity of DMN and the concentration of brain metabolites especially Glx (glutamate+glutamine). We use proton echo planar spectroscopy imaging (PEPSI), as a fast magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) method, is able to acquire the distribution of brain metabolites with acceptable reproducibility in the medial wall. Combining with echo planar imaging (EPI) and find the subject’s DMN component by individual (iICA) and group (gICA) individual component analysis. The results of regression successfully shows that Glx has positive correlation with DMN intensity in precuneus and anterior cingulate cortex which are the region in DMN, and the results of iICA and gICA have no significant different.
Chien, Chi-Tsung, and 簡吉聰. "Brain Plasticity of Primary Dysmenorrhea: Default Mode Network Abnormalities in Primary Dysmenorrhea." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96919637195251329333.
Full text國立陽明大學
腦科學研究所
98
Objective: Dysmenorrhea is a common painful disorder with fluctuation according to menstrual cycle in women during productive age. Recent studies of chronic pain have showed altered cortical activity unrelated to pain, but the correlations between the structural impairments and psychological or cognitive dysfunctions are not clearly known. Here we propose that primary dysmenorrhea causes not only abnormal responses to stimuli due to altered central representation, but also harms the default-mode network (DMN), a functional connectivity of cortical regions known to be active at rest. Methods: Resting state fMRI scanning were performed in 17 primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) patients and 15 matched healthy women. Independent component analysis was used to dissect their functional connectivity. The DMN was chose according to the template and was compared between two groups. Results: No significant changes in functional connectivities were noted across menstrual cycle. But PDM showed increased functional connectivity to DMN in left lateral globus pallidus, right superior frontal gyrus, cuneus, middle frontal gyrus, insula, precentral gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and superior temporal gyrus. Conclusion: Functional connectivity might not be influence across menstrual cycle. Like other chronic pain studies, dysmenorrhea indeed changes the functional connectivity to DMN. This might be due to long-term cyclic pain stimulation.
鄭登介. "MRI in Hypercapnia:the Regional BOLD Alteration of Brain and Default-Mode Network Connectivity Change." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87568h.
Full textNawaz, Uzma. "Behavioral and cognitive phenotypes are linked to brain network topology." Thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/36698.
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Marcotte, Karine. "Intervention orthophonique et neurobiologie du cerveau : apports de la neuroimagerie à la prise en charge de l’aphasie chronique." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6092.
Full textAphasia is an acquired language impairment leading to communication disorders which may affect comprehension and/or expression. When aphasia follows a stroke, major recovery of the communicative deficits is initially observed after the lesion, but for some the aphasia may remain severe and is considered to be chronic after a year. Furthermore aphasia can be observed in primary progressive aphasia, a degenerative disease only affecting language in the early years. The impact of therapy in chronic aphasia is the subject of growing literature in recent years and has shown language improvements after several years of therapy. The left hemisphere seems to have a crucial role and is associated with greater language improvements but our understanding of brain plasticity mechanisms is still lacking. In primary progressive aphasia, few studies have examined therapy effectiveness. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, the aim of these studies was to examine therapy-induced brain plasticity mechanisms following Semantic Feature Analysis in ten participants suffering from chronic aphasia and one participant with primary progressive aphasia. The results suggest that brain reorganization is possible several years after injury and in degenerative disease. At the individual level, greater language improvement is associated with the recruitment of the left hemisphere and less activated areas. Group analysis shows the recruitment of left inferior parietal lobule, whereas the activation of left precentral gyrus predicts improved response to therapy. Functional connectivity analysis allowed for the first time the identification of the default-mode network in aphasia. Following therapy, the integration of this well-known network is comparable to that of the controls and the correlation analysis suggests that the default-mode network integration has a predictive value for improvement. Therefore, the results of these studies support the idea that the left hemisphere has a major role in the recovery of aphasia and provide evidence on therapy-induced neuroplasticity in aphasia. In addition, the identification of key areas and networks will guide future research in order to possibly maximize the recovery of aphasia and to better predict the prognosis.