Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bracteates

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Bracteates'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Bracteates"

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Wicker, Nancy L. "Dazzle, Dangle, and Jangle: Sensory Effects of Scandinavian Gold Bracteates." Das Mittelalter 25, no. 2 (November 10, 2020): 358–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mial-2020-0042.

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AbstractSmall pendant discs known as Scandinavian gold bracteates are visually impressive indicators of status and identity during the early medieval Migration Period (c. 450–550 CE). Much of the emphasis in bracteate studies has been on typological classification and iconographic interpretation of the pictures, along with decipherment of the inscriptions, yet the sensory impression made by bracteates has been neglected. For decades, archaeologists considered it futile to speculate on the experiential; however, recent research has begun to contend with the materiality of senses and emotions in the past. In this paper, I focus on the both sensory effect of experiencing the pendants and the emotional impact of the objects on those who wore and handled them. Since bracteates are often discovered in women’s graves and show evidence of wear on their suspension loops, it is assumed that these objects were actually used in life. A spotlight on agency turns the study of bracteates from an emphasis on typology, iconography, and runology to trace instead the agency and multisensory effects of these objects on people and the effects of people’s actions on these items. This allows an examination of how bracteates were entangled with the senses and emotions of those who made, wore, and gazed upon these small but important objects. I consider what it may have felt like to make, receive, wear, lose, or bequeath a bracteate – or to deposit it into a bog or a grave.
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Kuzmenko, Yu K. "Tyr on Scandinavian bracteates." Indo-European Linguistics and Classical Philology, no. 25 (2021): 695–718. http://dx.doi.org/10.30842/ielcp230690152544.

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Lindeberg, Marta. "Gold, Gods and Women." Current Swedish Archaeology 5, no. 1 (June 10, 2021): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.37718/csa.1997.07.

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Women in lron Age Scandinavia were not passive homemakers. Instead they had considerable interest in and occasional influence over events outside the domestic sphere. Through a study of the gold bracteates - their function, runic inscriptions and iconography —the role of women will be investigated. Gold bracteates were not artefacts with exclusively male associations, but rather, they demonstrate the influence of women in political matters.
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Schneider, Petr. "Nález mincí ze 13. století z Bořanovic (okr. Praha-východ)." Numismatické listy 76, no. 1-4 (2022): 71–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/nl.2021.004.

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A coin hoard found by private metal detecting on 9th October 2012 on the cadastral territory of Bořanovice (Prague-East District) consisted of five bracteates of the Bohemian King Přemysl I Ottokar (1192–1193, 1197/1198–1230), 42 bracteates of Henry III the Illustrious, Margrave of Meissen (1221/1230–1288), and two pfennigs struck in the imperial mint of Eger during the reign of the Emperor Frederick II (1212/1220–1250). The hoard had been buried probably around 1230.
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Hylla, Alexandra, and Petr Schneider. "Hoard of Bohemian and Meissen bracteates found in Natternberg (local part of Deggendorf, Lower Bavaria)." Numismatické listy 71, no. 3-4 (December 1, 2016): 142–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nl-2016-0007.

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Abstract Around 1950, during the forestry works near Natternberg (local part of Deggendorf, Lower Bavaria), some 26 bracteates were found. Only in 2012, the grandson of the finder reported the hoard and passed it for documentation to the Staatliche Münzsammlung München. Later on, the coins were returned to the owner and then sold in the numismatic auction. The Bohemian part is represented by three large bracteates struck under King Ottokar I of Bohemia (1192–1193, 1197–1230) during the last decade of his rule (cat. nos. 1–3). The Meissen coins are represented by 23 large bracteates struck (cat. nos. 4–26) under Margrave Henry III the Illustrious (1221/1230–1288) during the first decade of his rule. The hoard was buried in Natternberg very likely sometimes around 1230. Appearance of the Bohemian and Meissen bracteates is quite rare in Lower Bavaria, the twosided pfennigs from Regensburg and Passau circulated there predominantly. But it is still possible to think about their transfer from Bohemia, most likely from the Sušice surroundings, which was, as a possession of the Bavarian Counts of Bogen at that time (from the 12th century until 1242), connected through Gunther’s path with Deggendorf surroundings. The hoard could represent a separated part of a larger cash of a tradesman, which was possibly intended for hiding because of the forced exchange in the local markets.
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KNOLL, PAUL W. "Brakteaty — pieniądz średniowiecznych Prus [Bracteates —The Money of Medieval Prussia]." Polish Review 55, no. 3 (October 1, 2010): 366–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25779895.

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Mees, Bernard. "Early Gothic numismatic [h]rustis and γουνθ/ιου." Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur 140, no. 4 (December 19, 2018): 449–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bgsl-2018-0036.

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Abstract The inscriptions on two late Roman Iron Age coins conserved in the Ossolineum in Wrocław appear to record an early Gothic noun and name respectively. One, an imitation of an aureus of Severus Alexander, bears a runic text that seems best to be taken as [h]rustis ›adornment‹. The other, an aureus of Postumus, appears to feature a name Gunþeis or Gutteis scratched into it recorded in Greek letters. Both of the coins feature holes bored in them, indicating that they were formerly worn as pendants, much like the later Migration Age bracteates.
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Mees, Bernard. "On the typology of the texts that appear on migration-era bracteates." Early Medieval Europe 22, no. 3 (July 7, 2014): 280–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/emed.12075.

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Gaimster, Märit. "Scandinavian Gold Bracteates in Britain. Money and Media in the Dark Ages." Medieval Archaeology 36, no. 1 (January 1992): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00766097.1992.11735546.

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Monikander, Anne. "Borderland-stalkers and Stalking-horses Horse Sacrifice as Liminal Activity in the Early Iron Age." Current Swedish Archaeology 14, no. 1 (June 10, 2021): 143–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37718/csa.2006.07.

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This paper investigates the fact that many Early Iron Age wetland sacrifices were deliberately placed in liminal zones. The sacrifice of horses as well as the manipulation of their heads, hoofs and tails turned them into liminal creatures. In this way they imitated the liminal creature, in particular the Midgard Serpent that bites its tail in the ocean surrounding the world, and the horses also became guards against dangerous powers from outside Midgardr. The attention to tongues can also be seen on the bracteates that may have served as amulets, reminding their users ofthe creatures guarding the borderlands.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bracteates"

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Gaimster, Märit. "Vendel period bracteates on Gotland on the significance of Germanic art /." [Stockholm] : Almquist & Wiksell International, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39264166.html.

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Hupfauf, Peter Rudolf Martin. "Signs and symbols represented in Germanic, particularly Scandinavian, iconography between the Migration Period and the end of the Viking Age." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/662.

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This research focuses on the analysis of pictorial images from objects of Germanic/early Scandinavian cultures in order to discriminate elements which are only applied for decorative reasons from those which also express symbolic values. At the outset I introduced an interpretation of the terms 'signs' and 'symbols' in order to inform the reader to which extent these terms were applied. It appeared that techniques, such as the geographical and chronological classification, traditionally used by archaeologists and historians to analyse objects/artefacts, were not always sufficient enough to gain all information which images may offer. Sometimes it seems to be difficult to determine if certain images shown on objects from early mediaeval, central and northern European origin, were created as a space-filling decoration only or if they held additional, probably symbolic, information as well. I have investigated aspects from visual perception, as applied within the domains of psychology, visual art and design. The methods, as they are introduced in this thesis, can be used as a identification scheme, applied on objects of great diversity. I have applied them on guldgubber (little embossed gold foils), bracteates and Gotland picture-stones. Objects of great historical and geographic difference, as well as physical diversity, such as size and material were chosen purposely to create an overview of the symbolic expressions in Germanic/early Scandinavian artefacts and to test the extent of the identification method derived from the domain of visual perception. A detailed analysis of sixty four guldgubber, found in Lundeborg, near Gudme, on the island of Fyn (Denmark), is placed in an appendix. An analysis of these objects appeared to be particularly interesting because it is not known what the purpose of guldgubber were to the present day.
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Hupfauf, Peter Rudolf Martin. "Signs and symbols represented in Germanic, particularly Scandinavian, iconography between the Migration Period and the end of the Viking Age." University of Sydney. Centre for Medieval Studies, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/662.

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This research focuses on the analysis of pictorial images from objects of Germanic/early Scandinavian cultures in order to discriminate elements which are only applied for decorative reasons from those which also express symbolic values. At the outset I introduced an interpretation of the terms �signs� and �symbols� in order to inform the reader to which extent these terms were applied. It appeared that techniques, such as the geographical and chronological classification, traditionally used by archaeologists and historians to analyse objects/artefacts, were not always sufficient enough to gain all information which images may offer. Sometimes it seems to be difficult to determine if certain images shown on objects from early mediaeval, central and northern European origin, were created as a space-filling decoration only or if they held additional, probably symbolic, information as well. I have investigated aspects from visual perception, as applied within the domains of psychology, visual art and design. The methods, as they are introduced in this thesis, can be used as a identification scheme, applied on objects of great diversity. I have applied them on guldgubber (little embossed gold foils), bracteates and Gotland picture-stones. Objects of great historical and geographic difference, as well as physical diversity, such as size and material were chosen purposely to create an overview of the symbolic expressions in Germanic/early Scandinavian artefacts and to test the extent of the identification method derived from the domain of visual perception. A detailed analysis of sixty four guldgubber, found in Lundeborg, near Gudme, on the island of Fyn (Denmark), is placed in an appendix. An analysis of these objects appeared to be particularly interesting because it is not known what the purpose of guldgubber were to the present day.
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Day, Keith B. "Papaver somniferum and P. bracteatum : tissue culture and morphinan alkaloid production." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35449.

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Papaver somniferum plants accumulate the secondary products codeine and morphine. P. bracteatum accumulates their precursor, thebaine. The aims of the project were to use tissue cultures for the production of these alkaloids and for the biotransformation of thebaine to codeine and morphine. Methods were evaluated for the extraction, separation and quantification of mg or mug amounts of morphinan alkaloids from plant material. TLC, IIPLC and RIA were useful. Poppy cells fron a range of seed sources and explants were grown in static and suspension culture. Manipulations were made in atterpts to induce morphinan biogenesis. These included inmobilisation of cells and changes in the growth medium. Morphinans were absent from unspecialised cells in all but one instance. The biotransformation of thebaine was tested in cell suspensions of P. somniferum and Nicotiana alata. Using thebaine (biosynthesised from CO2) these experiments were extended to organs of the P. somniferum plant. A thebaine-biotransfomation product arose in N. alata (but not P. somniferum) suspensions that also arose in excised P. somniferum capsules. A non-specific enzymic activity is proposed. No codeine or morphine were produced. Plant regeneration was demonstrated, in good yield, by embryogenesis fron meristenoid tissue of P. bracteatum. In P. somniferum the process was initiated but was not routinely successful. Regeneration may be useful for plant improvenent via cloning or as a source of variation. On reorganisation into plantlets, capacity for morphinan alkaloid accumulation was realised. Capacity for alkaloid accumulation is discussed in tenns of a requisite minimum level of cytodifferentiation, perhaps of laticifer-like cells. The uptake or binding of radiolabelled morphine by suspension cultures was investigated, since binding may be a reason for failure to detect morphinans in cultures extracted by the usual methods. Evidence was found that exogenous morphine binds to an insoluble fraction in P. somniferum and I. tabacum but cells did not contain any endogenous bound morphincins.
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Santos, Maria do Desterro Mendes dos. "Micropropagação do abacaxizeiro ornamental (ananas comousus var. bracteatus (Lindley) Coppens & Leal) e a avaliação da fidelidade genotípica dos propágulos." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2008. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/2009.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Botânica, 2008.
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O abacaxizeiro ornamental (Ananas comosus var. bracteatus (Lindl.) Coppens & Leal pertence a família Bromeliaceae. Essa espécie é de propagação vegetativa via propágulos removidos da planta-mãe. Esse tipo de propagação usualmente traz doenças causadas por fungos, bactérias e vírus, mediante o uso de mudas contaminadas. Uma das maneiras de controlar patógenos é usar plantas estoques livres de doenças, obtidos via cultura de tecidos. O objetivo do trabalho foi o estabelecer um sistema eficiente de propagação massal de plantas livres de doenças do abacaxizeiro ornamental e avaliar a fidelidade genética das propagulos regenerados. Os efeitos da adição de BAP em combinação com ANA e períodos de subcultivo foram estudados na formação de brotações in vitro. O delineamento experimental empregado foi o inteiramente ao acaso com os tratamentos dispostos no esquema fatorial 6 x 2 x 4, referentes a 6 concentrações BA (0,0; 0,125; 0,25; 0,5; 1,0; e 2,0 mg L-1), duas de ANA (0,0 e 0,1 mg L-1) e 4 períodos de subcultivos (30, 60, 90 e 120 dias). A formação de brotações foi observada em meio suplementado com BAP, em todos os períodos de subcultivos. O maior número médio de brotos por explante (872,2) foi obtido em meio líquido com a concentração de 1,2 mg L-1 de BAP e 120 dias de subcultivo. Na avaliação da fidelidade genética das plantas regeneradas após 120 dias de cultivo foi observado que os tratamentos com BAP nas concentrações de 0,125, 0,25, 0,5, 1,0 e 2,0 mg.L-1 influenciaram o aparecimento de variações genéticas determinadas pelo uso de marcadores RAPD. Os 46 primers utilizados amplificaram 434 bandas monomórficas (95,8%) e 18 foram polimórficas (4,2%), dentre os propágulos regenerados. Também foi estudado o efeito de concentrações de 2ip e diferentes períodos de subcultivos na propagação in vitro dessa espécie. Propágulos com, aproximadamente, 1,0 cm de tamanho, oriundos da cultura in vitro foram utilizados como explantes. Os explantes foram inoculados em meio básico, formulação líquida, contendo concentrações de 2ip (0,0; 0,5; 1,0 e 2,0 mg L-1) em combinação com quatro períodos de subcultivos (30, 60, 90 e 120 dias). O maior número de brotos por explante (139) foi obtido em meio básico com 1,6 mg L-1 de 2ip e 120 dias de subcultivo. Após a transferência de brotações individualizadas para meio contendo ANA (0,0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5; 3,0 e 4,0 mg.L-1) verificou-se a diferenciação de raízes adventícias na porção basilar dos explantes. As folhas das plantas in vitro apresentam a forma lanceoladas e consistem de uma camada de células epidérmicas, hipoderme, parênquima aqüífero, parênquima clorofiliano, idioblastos de ráfides, canais de ar e sistema vascular circundado total ou parcialmente por fibras. Na epiderme ocorrem tricomas e escamas. O processo de pré-aclimatação consiste em abrir as tampas dos frascos de cultura contendo as plantas enraizadas in vitro progressivamente, 4 a 5 dias antes de transplantio para casa de vegetação. O transplantio deve ser feito para vasos contendo o substrato PlantMax ou mistura 1:1 de areia e vermiculita. Em ambas as condições 90% dos propágulos sobrevivem e desenvolvem-se ex vitro. Propágulos que não foram aclimatados apresentaram uma percentagem de sobrevivência de 70%, após transplantio com desenvolvimento inicial lento quando comparado com plantas pré-aclimatadas. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
The ornamental pineapple (Ananas comosus var. bracteatus (Lindley) Coppens & Leal) belongs to the Bromeliaceae family. This specie is vegetatively propagated by propagules removed from the mother plant. This kind of propagation brings diseases caused by fungi, bacteria and viruses by using infected propagules. One option to control pathogens is to use disease-free stock plants obtained by tissue culture. The objectives of this work were to establish an efficient system for mass propagation of disease-free plants of ornamental pineapple and to evaluate the genetic fidelity of regenerated plantlets. The effects of the addition of BAP in combination with either NAA or subculture periods were studied in shoot formations in vitro. The experiment was arranged as a randomized complete design in a factorial disposition 6 x 2 x 4, referring to six BAP (0.0; 0.125; 0.25; 0.5; 1.0; and 2.0 mg L-1) and two NAA (0.0 and 0.1 mg L-1) concentrations and four subculturing periods (30, 60, 90 e 120 days). Shoot formations were observed in medium supplemented with BAP in all subculturing periods. The maximum average number of shoots per explant (872,2) was obtained in liquid medium with 1.2 mg L-1 BAP and 120 days of subcultive. In the evaluation of genetic fidelity of micropropagated plants, after 120 days in culture, it was observed that BAP in concentrations of 0.125; 0.25; 0.5; 1.0 and 2.0 mg.L-1 influenced the appearance of genetic variation in the regenerated propagules using RAPD markers. The 46 primers used amplified 434 monomorphic bands (96.66%) and 22 were polymorphics (4.44%), among regenerated plants. The effect of 2ip concentrations and subculture periods in the micropropagation of ornamental pineapple was also studied. Propagules with approximately 1.0 cm in height, originated from in vitro culture were used as explants. The explants were inoculated in basal medium, liquid formulation, with 2ip in concentrations of 0.0; 0.5; 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1) in combination with four subculture periods of 30, 60, 90 and 120 days. The maximum number of shoot production per explant (139) was obtained in basal medium with 1.6 mg L-1 de 2ip and 120 days of subculture. After transferring individual shoots to NAA (0.0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5; 3,0 and 4.0 mg.L-1) media adventitious root formed in the basal portion of the explants. The leaves of the in vitro plants presented a laceolated form and consisted of an epidermal layer of cells, hypoderme, aquiferous parenchyma, chlorophyllous parenchyma, raphydes idioblastes, and vascular system circundated total or partially by fibers. Tricomes and scales were found in the epidermis. The pre-acclimatization process consisted in opening the closure of the culture flasks containing in vitro rooted plantlets progressively five days prior to transplanting them to the greenhouse. The transplanting was done in pots containing PlantMax substrate or a mixture of sand and vermiculate in the proportion 1:1 v/v. In both conditions 90% of the plantlets survived and developed ex vitro. Non acclimatized plantlets showed a 70% survival rate after they were transferred to substrate and they presented slow initial growth as compared with acclimatized plants.
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Soonthornvipat, Thita. "Comparative ecophysiological analyses of melaleuca irbyana and melaleuca bracteata: A narrowly versus widely distributed congeneric species." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/116613/1/Thita_Soonthornvipat_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis developed for the first time an understanding of the traits, environmental conditions and lifecycle of the critically endangered tree species, Melaleuca irbyana R.T. Baker. M. irbyana's distribution is restricted to the south-west peri-urban fringe of South East Queensland. It forms dense monocultures naturally, providing unique and important habitat for wildlife, which is now a declared critically endangered ecosystem under Australia's EPBC Act 1999. Research findings are aimed at assisting management efforts to ensure the persistence of remaining populations of this species and guiding efforts for more effective revegetation projects.
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Rodrigues, Alexandre CÃsar Praxedes. "Estudo QuÃmico de Ananas (A. comosus, A. bracteatus e A. lucidus) e dos Fungos EndofÃticos (Acremonium curvulum e Fusarium oxysporum) isolados de Ananas lucidus." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2868.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel Superior
Este trabalho descreve o estudo quÃmico de trÃs espÃcies do gÃnero Ananas (A. comosus, A. bracteatus e A. lucidus) e dos fungos endofÃticos Acremonium curvulum e Fusarium oxysporum, isolados de A. lucidus. A investigaÃÃo fitoquÃmica das raÃzes, folhas e talos de A. bracteatus levou ao isolamento de trÃs compostos micromoleculares: cumataquenina (1), glicosÃdeo do sitosterol (2) e sitosterol (3). Das folhas da espÃcie A. lucidus foram isolados a mistura de trÃs monoacilglicerois (4) e o 5-(hidroximetil)-2-furaldeÃdo (5). O estudo dos Ãcidos graxos das folhas e raÃzes de A. bracteatus e A. lucidus, bem como de A. comosus, A. bracteatus e A. lucidus cultivadas in vitro foi realizado. Vinte e um Ãcidos graxos, na forma de Ãsteres metÃlicos, foram identificados nas oito amostras analisadas, sendo 16 (76%) Ãcidos graxos saturados e 5 (24%) insaturados. A prospecÃÃo quÃmica do fungo A. curvulum levou ao isolamento dos compostos 2-hidroxipropanoato de feniletila (6), ergosterol (7) e triptofol (8). A analise dos extratos de F. oxysporum levou ao isolamento do composto tetra(S)-butirolactona (9) e do (4R*, 5S*)-5-hidroxihexan-4-olida (71%) e (4R*, 5R*)-5-hidroxihexan-4-olida (29%) (10), estes na forma de uma mistura diastereoisomerica. A determinaÃÃo estrutural dos metabÃlitos secundÃrios isolados foi realizada empregando-se as tÃcnicas espectromÃtricas de infravermelho, ressonÃncia magnÃtica nuclear de hidrogÃnio e carbono-13, incluindo tÃcnicas bidimensionais (COSY, HMQC e HMBC) e espectrometria de massa, alÃm de comparaÃÃo com dados descritos na literatura.
The chemical study of three Ananas species (A. comosus, A. bracteatus and A. lucidus) and the endophytic fungi Acremonium curvulum and Fusarium oxysporum, both isolated from A. lucidus, are described. The phytochemical investigations of roots, leaves and steams from A. bracteatus yielded the isolation of three micro molecular compounds: kumatekenin (1), glycosilated sitosterol (2) and sitosterol (3). From leaves of A. lucidus it was isolated a mixture of three monoacylglicerols (4) and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde (5). The fatty acid composition of leaves and roots from A. bracteatus and A. lucidus, as well as in vitro A. comosus, A. bracteatus and A. lucidus was investigated. Twenty-one fatty acids, as methyl ester derivatives, were identified in eight studied samples, 16 (76%) of them saturated and 5 (24%) unsaturated acids. From the fungus A. curvulum three compounds were isolated: phenetyl 2-hydroxypropionate (6), ergosterol (7) and tryptophol (8). The chemical investigation of the organic extracts from F. oxysporum led to the isolation of tetra(S)-butirolactone (9) and the diastereoisomeric mixture of (4R*,5S*)-5-hydroxyhexan-4-olide (71%) and (4R*,5R*)-5-hydroxyhexan-4-olide (29%) (10). Structure elucidation of the isolated compounds was done by spectrometric analysis such as infrared, 1H and 13C NMR, including bidimensional techniques (COSY, HMQC e HMBC), mass spectrometry as well as literature comparison.
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Rodrigues, Alexandre César Praxedes. "Estudo Químico de Ananas (A. comosus, A. bracteatus e A. lucidus) e dos Fungos Endofíticos (Acremonium curvulum e Fusarium oxysporum) isolados de Ananas lucidus." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2009. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/9385.

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RODRIGUES, A. C. P. Estudo Químico de Ananas (A. comosus, A. bracteatus e A. lucidus) e dos Fungos Endofíticos (Acremonium curvulum e Fusarium oxysporum) isolados de Ananas lucidus. 2009. 180 f. Tese (Doutorado em Química Orgânica) - Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2009.
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The chemical study of three Ananas species (A. comosus, A. bracteatus and A. lucidus) and the endophytic fungi Acremonium curvulum and Fusarium oxysporum, both isolated from A. lucidus, are described. The phytochemical investigations of roots, leaves and steams from A. bracteatus yielded the isolation of three micro molecular compounds: kumatekenin (1), glycosilated sitosterol (2) and sitosterol (3). From leaves of A. lucidus it was isolated a mixture of three monoacylglicerols (4) and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde (5). The fatty acid composition of leaves and roots from A. bracteatus and A. lucidus, as well as in vitro A. comosus, A. bracteatus and A. lucidus was investigated. Twenty-one fatty acids, as methyl ester derivatives, were identified in eight studied samples, 16 (76%) of them saturated and 5 (24%) unsaturated acids. From the fungus A. curvulum three compounds were isolated: phenetyl 2-hydroxypropionate (6), ergosterol (7) and tryptophol (8). The chemical investigation of the organic extracts from F. oxysporum led to the isolation of tetra(S)-butirolactone (9) and the diastereoisomeric mixture of (4R*,5S*)-5-hydroxyhexan-4-olide (71%) and (4R*,5R*)-5-hydroxyhexan-4-olide (29%) (10). Structure elucidation of the isolated compounds was done by spectrometric analysis such as infrared, 1H and 13C NMR, including bidimensional techniques (COSY, HMQC e HMBC), mass spectrometry as well as literature comparison.
Este trabalho descreve o estudo químico de três espécies do gênero Ananas (A. comosus, A. bracteatus e A. lucidus) e dos fungos endofíticos Acremonium curvulum e Fusarium oxysporum, isolados de A. lucidus. A investigação fitoquímica das raízes, folhas e talos de A. bracteatus levou ao isolamento de três compostos micromoleculares: cumataquenina (1), glicosídeo do sitosterol (2) e sitosterol (3). Das folhas da espécie A. lucidus foram isolados a mistura de três monoacilglicerois (4) e o 5-(hidroximetil)-2-furaldeído (5). O estudo dos ácidos graxos das folhas e raízes de A. bracteatus e A. lucidus, bem como de A. comosus, A. bracteatus e A. lucidus cultivadas in vitro foi realizado. Vinte e um ácidos graxos, na forma de ésteres metílicos, foram identificados nas oito amostras analisadas, sendo 16 (76%) ácidos graxos saturados e 5 (24%) insaturados. A prospecção química do fungo A. curvulum levou ao isolamento dos compostos 2-hidroxipropanoato de feniletila (6), ergosterol (7) e triptofol (8). A analise dos extratos de F. oxysporum levou ao isolamento do composto tetra(S)-butirolactona (9) e do (4R*, 5S*)-5-hidroxihexan-4-olida (71%) e (4R*, 5R*)-5-hidroxihexan-4-olida (29%) (10), estes na forma de uma mistura diastereoisomerica. A determinação estrutural dos metabólitos secundários isolados foi realizada empregando-se as técnicas espectrométricas de infravermelho, ressonância magnética nuclear de hidrogênio e carbono-13, incluindo técnicas bidimensionais (COSY, HMQC e HMBC) e espectrometria de massa, além de comparação com dados descritos na literatura.
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Bispo, Rodrigo Freitas Monte. "Efeitos do extrato etanólico da Himatanthus bracteatus e Ocotea longifolia nas fibras elásticas e túnica média da aorta de camundongos C57BL6J em um modelo de aterosclerose experimental." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/1772.

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Atherosclerosis accounts for the highest illness and mortality rates throughout the world. This disease begins with the accumulation of cholesterol and the proliferation of smooth muscle cells in the endothelium, which leads to its inflammation as well as the hardening and thickening of arterial walls. The Brazilian Health Ministry issued the National Policy of Integrative and Complementary Practices in the public healthcare system, which encourages phytotherapeutic research and development based on the use of medicinal plants. Studies involving Himatanthus bracteatus have demonstrated action on arachidonic acid in rats as well as analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial/antibacterial properties. Evidence of antimicrobial/antibacterial activity has also been found in Ocotea longifolia, with effective COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition. It is therefore important to determine the effect of alcoholic extracts of Himatanthus bracteatus and Ocotea longifolia on the thickness of the tunica media and elastic fibers in the descending portion of the aorta in C57BL6J mice. The aim of the present study was to determine the thickness of the tunica media and percentage of elastic fibers in the descending portion of the aorta of mice in which experimental atherosclerosis was induced. A 42-day experimental animal study was conducted in which C57BL6J mice were submitted to an atherosclerotic diet (1.25% cholesterol, 0.5% cholic acid and 15% fat). Forty-nine mice were divided into seven groups: C group (control –one mL of 0.9% saline solution; n = 7), H group (hyperlipidemic -1.25% cholesterol, 0.5% cholic acid and 15% fat; n = 7), HT25 group (Himatanthus bracteatus [25 mg/mL]; n = 7), HT12.5 group (Himatanthus bracteatus [12.5 mg/mL]; n = 7), OT25 group (Ocotea longifolia [25 mg/mL]; n = 7), OT12.5 (Ocotea longifolia [12.5 mg/mL]; n = 7) and R group (rosuvastatin [0.27 mg/mL]; n = 7). The primary variables were mean thickness of the tunica media and percentage of elastic fibers in the descending portion of the aorta. The secondary variables were total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, body mass, heart mass, blood sugar concentration and expression of the markers TNF-α, CD-68 and isoprostan. Statistical analysis was performed with the aid of the GraphPad Prism program (version 5.0). The data were expressed as mean, standard deviation and standard error. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s post hoc test were used for data with non-normal distribution. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test were used for data with normal distribution. A 95% confidence interval was calculated for each estimated point. The alcoholic extracts of Himatanthus bracteatus and Ocotea longifolia led to a significant reduction in the thickness of the tunica media of the descending portion of the aorta. However, no significant change occurred in the percentage of elastic fibers. The extracts also led to significant reductions in total cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides. Moreover, the immunohistochemical analysis revealed significant changes in the expression of TNF-α, CD-68 and isoprostane.
A aterosclerose é responsável pelo maior índice de morbidade e mortalidade que ocorre no mundo. Esta doença ocorre inicialmente através do acúmulo de colesterol e proliferação de células musculares lisas no endotélio, que leva a sua inflamação, endurecimento e espessamento da parede das artérias. No Brasil, o Ministério da Saúde regulamentou a proposta de Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares no Sistema Único de Saúde, que incentiva a pesquisa e o desenvolvimento de medicamentos fitoterápicos a partir de plantas medicinais. A Himatanthus bracteatus pesquisas mostraram ação no ácido araquidônico em ratos e uma potente atividade analgésica e antiinflamatória e antitumoral, já a Ocotea longifolia foram encontradas evidências de atividade antimibacteriana com eficácia na inibição COX-1, COX-2. Sendo assim é relevante verificar a eficácia dos extratos etanólicos da Himatanthus bracteatus e Ocotea longifolia na espessura da túnica média e nas fibras elásticas na parte descendente da aorta de camundongos C57BL6J. Os objetivos foram verificar a espessura da túnica média e percentual de fibras elásticas da parte descendente da artéria aorta de camundongos induzidos a aterosclerose experimental. Foi um estudo experimental em animais por 42 dias. Os animais foram camundongos C57BL6J, submetidos a dieta aterosclerótica (1,25% de colesterol, 0,5% de ácido cólico e gordura de 15%).Os animais foram divididos em 7 grupos: grupo C (controle 1mL de soro fisiológico 0,9%, n=7), grupo H (hiperlipidêmico 1,25% de colesterol, 0,5% de ácido cólico e gordura de 15%, n=7), grupo HT25 (Himatanthus bracteatus 25mg/mL, n=7), grupo HT12,5 (Himatanthus bracteatus 12,5mg/mL, n=7), grupo OT25 (Ocotea longifolia 25mg/mL, n=7), grupo OT12,5 (Ocotea longifolia 12,5mg/mL, n=7) e grupo R (rosuvastatina 0,27mg/mL, n=7) total de 49 animais. As variáveis primárias foram a média da espessura da tunica média e percentual de fibras elásticas da parte descendente da aorta. Variáveis secundárias foram: colesterol total, HDL, LDL, triglicerídeos, massa corpórea, peso do coração, glicemia, expressão dos marcadores TNF-α, CD-68 e isoprostano. A análise estatística foi realizada usando como ferramenta software GraphPad Prism (versão 5.0), os dados desta análise foram expressos em média, desvio padrão e erro padrão. Para os resultados que não seguiram a distribuição normal foi utilizado o teste de KRUSKAL-WALLIS e o pós-teste DUNNS. Para comparações entre os grupos será utilizado o ANOVA one-way e o pós-teste de TUKEY para os dados que seguem a distribuição normal. Foi calculado o intervalo de confiança de 95% para cada ponto estimado. Os extratos etanólicos da Himatanthus bracteatus e Ocotea longifolia reduziram de forma significante a espessura da túnica média da parte descendente da aorta, contudo não houve diferença significante no percentual de fibras elásticas. Os extratos obtiveram redução significante dos parâmetros sanguíneos: colesterol total, LDL, triglicerídeos e através da análise imunohistoquímica do TNF-α, CD-68 e isoprostano.
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Odeyemi, Samuel Wale. "A comparative study of the in vitro antidiabetic properties, cytotoxicity and mechanism of action of Albuca bracteata and Albuca setosa bulb extracts." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/3154.

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The search for cheap, non toxic and readily available antidiabetic drugs has been a challenge for researchers and the pharmaceutical industries. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by defects in the synthesis of insulin and/or insensitivity to the action of insulin at the target cells. The disease has been on the increase mostly in developing countries where large proportions of the population have little access to good medical care due to either accessibility or non availability of synthetic drugs. This has led to the use of medicinal plants to treat diabetes because it is safe, cheap and with few side effects. There is little scientific evidence on the dosages, active compounds, mechanisms of action and toxicity of these traditionally used plants. Two of the most frequently used plants; Albuca setosa and Albuca bracteata were investigated in this study. The qualitative analysis of different extractions of these plants revealed the presence of phenolics, alkaloids, tannins and saponins. The antioxidant properties of aqueous, acetone and methanollic extracts of Albuca setosa and Albuca bracteata were investigated using models such as Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2, 2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), Ferric ion reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP), Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2). Both plants revealed inhibitions against DPPH in a concentration - dependent manner with Albuca setosa (0.330 mg/ml) showing higher activity than Albuca bracteata (0.647 mg/ml) determined from the IC50. The aqueous extract of Albuca setosa showed a higher inhibition against DPPH radical compared to the Albuca bracteata aqueous extract at all concentrations investigated. The isolated saponins from Albuca bracteata had a higher DPPH scavenging activity than the crude methanolic extract of the plant in a concentration - dependent manner but are significantly different from each other at 0.4, 0.6 and 1.0 mg/ml only. The IC50 of the saponins was also observed to be higher than the crude extracts and standards.The Albuca setosa aqueous extract showed a higher percentage inhibition of ABTS radicals than Albuca bracteata at all the concentrations investigated. Overall, the Albuca setosa aqueous extract (0.0809 mg/ml) showed maximum activity against ABTS radicals. The iron reducing power was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the methanolic extract of both plants compared to the aqueous counterpart. Overall, the Albuca bracteata aqueous extract (0.344 mg/ml) showed maximum activity as indicated by the IC50. The aqueous extracts of both plants also revealed percentage inhibitions in a concentration - dependent manner against NO2. The aqueous extract of Albuca bracteata bulb was more active against nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide inhibition. In this study, the cytotoxicity of the extracts was evaluated at a high dose of 100 μg/ml on Chang liver cells and determined using MTT, crystal violet, glucose consumption, lactate production and lactate dehydrogenase release and FRAP. The aqueous extracts of both Albuca setosa and Albuca bracteata were non-toxic on Chang liver cells at the concentrations investigated. The MTT revealed that the aqueous extract of Albuca setosa bulb had the optimum cell viability of 108.09 percent while the acetonic extract of Albuca bracteata showed the least cell viability (37.72 percent) compared with the control. The crystal violet test also revealed the acetone extract of Albuca bracteata to have the least percentage of cell viability at 31.47 percent, while the aqueous extract of Albuca setosa showed the maximum cell viability at 112.5 percent. The aqueous extracts of both plants showed higher percentage cell density on the second day of incubation from the proliferation assay. All the tested samples were observed to consume more glucose than the blank except for the methanollic and acetone extracts of Albuca bracteata bulb. The aqueous and methanolic extracts of Albuca setosa bulbs produced the highest lactate with 120.2 μg/ml and 113.7 μg/ml respectively. The acetone extracts of both Albuca setosa and Albuca bracteata revealed toxicity with a higher lactate dehydrogenase release compared to the control.
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Books on the topic "Bracteates"

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Gaimster, Märit. Vendel period bracteates on Gotland: On the significance of Germanic art. [Stockholm]: Almquist & Wiksell International, 1998.

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Genesis och metamorfosis: En studie i de nordiska guldbrakteaternas ikonografi. Göteborg: Göteborgs Universitet, Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2010.

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Die Goldbrakteaten der Völkerwanderungszeit: Auswertung und Neufunde. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2011.

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Die Beizeichen auf den völkerwanderungszeitlichen Goldbrakteaten. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 1991.

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Axboe, Morten. Die Goldbrakteaten der Völkerwanderungszeit: Herstellungsprobleme und Chronologie. Berlin: W. de Gruyter, 2004.

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Brakteaty--pieniądz średniowiecznych Prus. Wrocław: Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 2009.

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Reitz, Helmut. Welfische Brakteaten: Pfennigprägungen nach lübischem Münzfuss aus der Zeit Heinrichs des Löwen und seiner Söhne. Bochum: N. Brockmeyer, 1991.

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Berger, Frank. Die mittelalterlichen Brakteaten im Kestner-Museum Hannover. Hannover: Kestner-Museum, 1993.

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Mainz, (Rhineland-Palatinate Germany) Stadtarchiv. Münzen der Mainzer Erzbischöfe aus der Zeit der Staufer: Katalog der Brakteaten im Münzkabinett des Stadtarchivs Mainz. Mainz: Stadt Mainz, 2005.

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Lhotka, John F. Introduction to medieval bracteates. Sanford J. Durst, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bracteates"

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Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott, and R. W. Briddon. "Xerochrysum bracteatum (Strawflower)." In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, 2812–13. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_1020.

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Khare, C. P. "Onosma bracteatum Wall." In Indian Medicinal Plants, 1. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70638-2_1092.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Salvia bracteata Russ." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 476. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_1497.

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Khare, C. P. "Trichosanthes bracteata (Lam.) Viogt." In Indian Medicinal Plants, 1. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70638-2_1662.

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Devanathan, Krishnamoorthy. "Smilax bracteata C. Presl. Smilacaceae." In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 999–1002. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38389-3_154.

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Devanathan, Krishnamoorthy. "Smilax bracteata C. Presl. Smilacaceae." In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14116-5_154-1.

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Li, Hua, Zhongdong Liu, and Yongbo Liang. "Extraction and Stability of Pigment from Vaccinium Bracteatum." In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 375–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27957-7_46.

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Hook, I. L. I., R. Lecky, and H. Sheridan. "Papaver bracteatum Lindley (Giant Scarlet Poppy): In Vitro Production of Benzophenanthridine Alkaloids." In Medicinal and Aromatic Plants VII, 346–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-30369-6_21.

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Tresina, P. S., V. Sornalakshmi, K. Paulpriya, and V. R. Mohan. "ANTIFERTILITY ACTIVITY OF Aristolochia Krisagathra SIVARAJAN AND PRADEEP AND Aristolochia bracteata Retz.: AN IN VIVO EVALUATION." In Ethnomedicinal Plants with Therapeutic Properties, 305–25. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429487767-18.

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Rasolonjatovo, V., C. Balague, and A. Souvré. "Changes in protein electrophoretic patterns during pollen development inTradescantia bracteata plasmodial tapetum and effect of 2,4-D applications." In Plant Systematics and Evolution, 99–105. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6661-1_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bracteates"

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Spirgis, Roberts. "Libyan imitations of Gotlandian bracteates of the 10th – 13th centuries." In Our earth is great and plentiful. Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-29-8-2019-405-423.

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Wicker, Nancy L. "Bracteates and Beverages: An Image from Scalford (and Hoby) and the Inscription alu." In The Eighth International Symposium on Runes and Runic Inscriptions. Department of Scandinavian Languages, Uppsala University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33063/diva-438872.

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"Effects of Landfills on Onopordum bracteatum." In International Conference on Advances in Agricultural, Biological & Environmental Sciences. International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iicbe.c1014144.

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Hakimi, Yousef, Reza Fatahi, Mohammad Reza Naghavi, and Zabihollah Zamani. "Effect of Salicylic Acid and Methyl Jasmonate on Stress Indices in Papaver bracteatum Lindl." In IECPS 2021. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecps2021-12039.

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Halimshah, Syamimi, Ismail B. S., and Wan Juliana Wan Ahmad. "Allelopathic potential of leaf and seed of Mucuna bracteata DC. ex Kurz on Eleusine indica (L.) gaertn." In THE 2015 UKM FST POSTGRADUATE COLLOQUIUM: Proceedings of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology 2015 Postgraduate Colloquium. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4931219.

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Reports on the topic "Bracteates"

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Levy, Arieh, Donald Bills, Dan Palevitch, An Fei Hsu, and David Lavie. Genetic and Chemical Control of Alkaloid Biosynthesis in Papaver bracteatum and Papaver somniferum. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1986.7598189.bard.

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