Relevant bibliographies by topics / Brachina Formation

Academic literature on the topic 'Brachina Formation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Brachina Formation"

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Rajagopalan, S., P. W. Schmidt, and D. A. Clark. "Magnetic overprinting of the Brachina Formation/Ulupa Siltstone, Southern Adelaide Foldbelt, prior to Delamerian deformation." Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 58, no. 4 (June 2011): 407–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2010.550936.

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Becker, D. L., and J. E. Cook. "Initial disorder and secondary retinotopic refinement of regenerating axons in the optic tract of the goldfish: signs of a new role for axon collateral loss." Development 101, no. 2 (October 1, 1987): 323–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.101.2.323.

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The optic tract of the goldfish splits into two brachia just before it reaches the tectum, normal optic axons being distributed systematically between the two according to their retinal origins. The orderliness of this division, like that of the retinotectal projection itself, is conventionally attributed to a system of specific axonal guidance cues. However, the brachial distribution of regenerated axons is much less orderly; and, since there is evidence that these axons have many collateral branches in the nerve and tract, the gross order that remains after regeneration could potentially arise secondarily, in parallel with refinement of the retinotectal map, by a preferential loss of collaterals from the inappropriate brachium. The brachial paths of normal axons, and axons regenerated after optic nerve cut for periods ranging from 19 days to 5 years, were therefore studied by anterograde labelling with horseradish peroxidase from discrete retinal lesions or retrograde labelling of ganglion cells from a cut brachium. From 19 to 28 days, regenerating axons showed little or no preference for their normal brachium. During this period (which includes the first week of tectal synaptogenesis) an average of 46á3% of cells retrogradely labelled from a cut medial brachium were in dorsal retina, compared with only 1á45% in normal fish. Some preference for the normal brachium was evident at 35 days and significant order had returned by 42–70 days, when the average proportion of labelled cells in dorsal retina had fallen to 25á4% though the average number in the whole retina was unchanged. Thus a brachial refinement had occurred in parallel with refinement of the retinotectal map. These results support the idea of a selective loss of axon collaterals from the inappropriate brachium, though they do not exclude the possibility of some concurrent gain in the appropriate one. We suggest that refinement may depend on a process we term ‘sibling rivalry’: competition between different collaterals of the same axon to form a critical number of stable tectal synapses, in which the most- normally-routed branches have the best chance of succeeding and surviving. Developing normal axons might also make use of collateral formation and ‘sibling rivalry’ to generate and refine the complex interwoven patterns of the normal optic tract.
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Becker, D. L., and J. E. Cook. "Divergent axon collaterals in the regenerating goldfish optic tract: a fluorescence double-label study." Development 104, no. 2 (October 1, 1988): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.104.2.317.

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In the normal goldfish, optic axons are distributed between the two arms (brachia) of each optic tract, in such a way that each axon enters the tectum close to its retinotopic termination site. We have shown previously that regenerating axons at first express little or no preference for their normal brachium. Later, however, a partial refinement of the brachial pathway takes place, implying that some axons must have sent out divergent collateral branches and then eliminated the least appropriate. We have now studied the formation and subsequent loss of axon collaterals in regeneration using retrogradely transported fluorescent dyes. We labelled the axons in the medial brachium with Fast Blue and those in the lateral brachium with Diamidino Yellow in a way that avoided cross-contamination. In normal fish, yellow-labelled ganglion cells dominated the dorsal retina and blue-labelled ganglion cells the ventral, with only a narrow zone of overlap. Double-labelled cells were not found. In fish labelled early in regeneration, however, both dyes were spread over the entire retina in single- and double-labelled ganglion cells. As regeneration progressed, each dye again came to dominate its appropriate retinal region; but much less strongly, confirming previous results. At the same time, double-labelled cells became harder to find. From 60 days after nerve cut onwards they were rare, and largely confined to the boundary zone between dorsal and ventral retina.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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da Silveira, Helson Freitas, Jalles Dantas de Lucena, Osvaldo Pereira da Costa Sobrinho, Roberta Silva Pessoa, Gilberto Santos Cerqueira, André de Sá Braga Oliveira, and Howard Lopes Ribeiro. "A Rare Case of Absence of the Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of Forearm: Case Report." Journal of Morphological Sciences 36, no. 02 (April 17, 2019): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685224.

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Introduction Variations in the formation and in the branching pattern of the brachial plexus are common. Numerous anastomotic variations between the musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) and the median nerve (MN) have been reported and could be implicated in a wide range of sensory and motor dysfunctions. Objective To report an uncommon case of an anastomotic variation between the MN and the MCN with a rare absence of the lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm (LCNF). Material and Methods A dissection of a male cadaver was performed at the Morphology Department of the Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, state of Ceará, Brazil. The brachial plexus was exposed. Results It was observed that the MCN, after its origin in the lateral fasciculus of the brachial plexus, anastomoses with the MN in the middle third of the arm. It diverges from the most prevalent anatomical pattern, in which the MCN continues to pass distally beneath the brachii biceps, originating the LCNF. In this case, the MCN does not emit its main terminal branch, the LCNF, which innervates the lateral portion of the skin of the forearm. In the present case, the innervation of the lateral portion of the skin of the forearm is provided by radial nerve branches. The reported case has practical implications, since the absence of the LCNF could cause hypoesthesia in the skin of the forearm. Conclusion Thus, the knowledge of the formation and of the branching pattern of the brachial plexus is clinically important for the correct clinical interpretation of the sensory and motor disorders of the upper limbs caused by peripheral nerve injuries, as well as for planning surgical procedures to correct upper limb traumas.
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Satyanarayana, N., R. Guha, P. Sunitha, GN Reddy, G. Praveen, and AK Datta. "A rare variation in the formation of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus its embryological basis and clinical importance - a case report." Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal 6, no. 4 (August 30, 2012): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v6i4.6727.

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Brachial plexus is the plexus of nerves, that supplies the upper limb.Variations in the branches of brachial plexus are common but variations in the roots and trunks are very rare. Here, we report one of the such rare variations in the formations of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus in the right upper limb of a male cadaver. In the present case the lower trunk was formed by the union of ventral rami of C7,C8 and T1 nerve roots. The middle trunk was absent. Upper trunk formation was normal. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal,2011,Vol-6,No-4, 49-52 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v6i4.6727
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B, Naveen Kumar, Sirisha V, Udaya Kumar P, and Kalpana T. "THE FORMATION OF LATERAL CORD OF BRACHIAL PLEXUS AND ITS BRANCHES – A CADAVERIC STUDY." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 6, no. 1.1 (January 5, 2018): 4836–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.478.

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Jatthavath, Jyothi, and A. Vijaya Lakshmi. "A STUDY ON ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS IN THE FORMATION OF BRACHIAL PLEXUS AND ITS BRANCHES." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 6, no. 2.3 (June 5, 2018): 5364–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2018.209.

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Natsis, Konstantinos, George Paraskevas, and Maria Tzika. "Five Roots Pattern of Median Nerve Formation." Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic) 59, no. 1 (2016): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/18059694.2016.52.

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An unusual combination of median nerve’s variations has been encountered in a male cadaver during routine educational dissection. In particular, the median nerve was formed by five roots; three roots originated from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus joined individually the median nerve’s medial root. The latter (fourth) root was united with the lateral (fifth) root of the median nerve forming the median nerve distally in the upper arm and not the axilla as usually. In addition, the median nerve was situated medial to the brachial artery. We review comprehensively the relevant variants, their embryologic development and their potential clinical applications.
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Lasch, E., M. Nazer, and L. Bartholdy. "Bilateral Anatomical Variation in the Formation of Trunks of the Brachial Plexus - A Case Report." Journal of Morphological Sciences 35, no. 01 (March 2018): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1660485.

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AbstractThis study presents a bilateral variation in the formation of trunks of brachial plexus in a male cadaver. The right brachial plexus was composed of six roots (C4-T1) and the left brachial plexus of five roots (C5-T1). Both formed four trunks thus changing the contributions of the anterior divisions of the cervical nerves involved in the formation of the cords and the five main somatic motor nerves for the upper limb. There are very few case reports in the scientific literature on this topic; thus making the present study very relevant.
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Fazan, Valéria Paula Sassoli, André de Souza Amadeu, Adilson L. Caleffi, and Omar Andrade Rodrigues Filho. "Brachial plexus variations in its formation and main branches." Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 18, suppl 5 (2003): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-86502003001200006.

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PURPOSE: The brachial plexus has a complex anatomical structure since its origin in the neck throughout its course in the axillary region. It also has close relationship to important anatomic structures what makes it an easy target of a sort of variations and provides its clinical and surgical importance. The aims of the present study were to describe the brachial plexus anatomical variations in origin and respective branches, and to correlate these variations with sex, color of the subjects and side of the body. METHODS: Twenty-seven adult cadavers separated into sex and color had their brachial plexuses evaluated on the right and left sides. RESULTS: Our results are extensive and describe a large number of variations, including some that have not been reported in the literature. Our results showed that the phrenic nerve had a complete origin from the plexus in 20% of the cases. In this way, a lesion of the brachial plexus roots could result in diaphragm palsy. It is not usual that the long thoracic nerve pierces the scalenus medius muscle but it occurred in 63% of our cases. Another observation was that the posterior cord was formed by the posterior divisions of the superior and middle trunks in 9%. In these cases, the axillary and the radial nerves may not receive fibers from C7 and C8, as usually described. CONCLUSION: Finally, the plexuses studied did not show that sex, color or side of the body had much if any influence upon the presence of variations.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Brachina Formation"

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Stolz, Ned. "A magnetics study of the Brachina Formation on southern Fleurieu Peninsula, South Australia /." Adelaide, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbs876.pdf.

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Le, Breton Carole. "Impact de l'administration d'un programme de formation portant sur la mesure de l'indice tibio brachial pour le dépistage de l'artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs sur les connaissances des infirmières de première ligne et sur l'intention de l'intégrer à la pratique." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2010. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1511/1/030165723.pdf.

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Chaudru, Ségolène. "Approche diagnostique et fonctionnelle dans l'artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs : étude de l'apprentissage et de l'enseignement de l'index de pression systolique de repos chez des étudiants en médecine, et développement d'une méthode ambulatoire de quantification de la douleur ischémique à la marche par couplage de moniteurs portables." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B035/document.

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L’Artériopathie Oblitérante des Membres Inférieurs (AOMI) est une pathologie chronique grave, induite par le processus physiopathologique d’athérosclérose. Diagnostiquée par la mesure de l’Index de Pression Systolique (IPS) de repos cette pathologie se traduit chez la plupart des patients par une ischémie (apports sanguins insuffisants) à l’exercice pouvant causer l’apparition de douleurs au niveau des membres inférieurs lors de la marche. Le premier axe de travail de cette thèse visait à évaluer la pertinence pédagogique des méthodes actuelles d’enseignement de l’IPS dans les facultés de médecine françaises. Les résultats des premiers travaux de recherche qui ont été menés montrent que les méthodes actuelles ne permettent pas aux étudiants de maîtriser les fondamentaux de cette mesure diagnostique. D’autres travaux ont alors été menés afin de définir la place et la forme que devrait prendre l’enseignement de l’IPS dans le cursus médical afin qu’il puisse être acquis par les futurs médecins de manière fiable et durable. Le second axe de travail de cette thèse visait à proposer une nouvelle approche méthodologique basée sur l’utilisation conjointe de deux moniteurs portables (accéléromètre et montre marqueur d’événements) permettant la quantification des douleurs ischémiques à l’exercice des patients atteints d’AOMI en condition de vie réelle. Les résultats issus de ces travaux ouvrent des perspectives nouvelles pour le chercheur ou le clinicien pour la compréhension des limitations fonctionnelles des patients atteints d’AOMI dans leur contexte de vie
Lower-extremity Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is a severe non-communicable disease that is associated with atherosclerosis. Diagnosed by Ankle- Brachial Index (ABI), PAD leads, in most patients, to ischemia (mismatch between blood demand and blood supply) during exercise that may lead to the occurrence of pain in the lower extremities during walking. The first axis of the present thesis was to assess the level of knowledge on this diagnostic tool among French medical students. Our results suggest that the way of teaching or learning the ABI procedure is deficient. According to these results we conducted another study to determine the best teaching method to improve students’ ABI proficiency. The second axis of the present thesis was to proposed a new method using wearable monitors (accelerometer and Micro Motion logger watch) to objectively identify and quantify lower limb walking pain manifestation as well as stop induced by walking pain during daily life in PAD patients. Our results can provide researchers and clinicians with a more realistic and holistic view of the functional limitations of PAD patients in free-living conditions
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Harvey, L. M. "Examination of an aeromagnetic anomaly over the Talisker Mine area on the southern Fleurieu Peninsula, South Australia." Thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119293.

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A N-E striking elongate aeromagnetic anomaly is observed over the Talisker Mine area, on the southern Fleurieu Peninsula, which has character and amplitude similar to an anomaly observed at Delamere (several kilometres to the north) found to be caused by magnetic Brachina Formation. Geological and geophysical techniques have been used to determine if the rock type at Talisker is also magnetic Brachina Formation, why there is a gap between the two anomalies, and why the anomaly at Talisker ends near the south coast. Geological mapping, microscopy and petrologic studies have been used in conjunction with local ground magnetic surveys and modelling procedures, to reveal magnetic Brachina Formation as the cause of the anomaly at Talisker. Mapping has shown the anomaly to be the result of a sliver of magnetic Brachina Formation caught up within a local zone of intense deformation that extends for at least 1500m across strike, and which outcrops on the coast. The Brachina Formation is sheared out against Cambrian Backstairs Passage Formation to the south, forming the southern end to the anomaly. To the north, the Brachina Formation suffered deeper erosion during Permian times, and is covered by a greater thickness of non-magnetic cover which causes the apparent gap in the aeromagnetic anomaly.
Thesis (B.Sc.(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Physical Sciences, 1989
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Book chapters on the topic "Brachina Formation"

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Wong, Agnes. "Ocular Motor Disorders Caused by Lesions in the Cerebellum." In Eye Movement Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195324266.003.0018.

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The vestibulocerebellum consists of the flocculus, ventral paraflocculus, nodulus, and uvula. ■ The flocculus receives inputs from the vestibular nucleus and nerve, nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH), inferior olivary nucleus, cell groups of the paramedian tracts (PMT), nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis (NRTP), and mesencephalic reticular formation. ■ The ventral paraflocculus receives inputs from contralateral pontine nuclei. ■ Project to ipsilateral superior and medial vestibular nuclei, and the y-group ■ Receive input from the medial and inferior vestibular nuclei, vestibular nerve, NPH, and inferior olivary nucleus ■ Project to the vestibular nuclei ■ The oculomotor vermis consists of parts of the declive, folium, tuber, and pyramis. ■ Receives inputs from the inferior olivary nucleus, vestibular nuclei, NPH, paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF), NRTP, and dorsolateral and dorsomedial pontine nuclei ■ Projects to the caudal fastigial nucleus ■ Stimulation of the Purkinje cells in the dorsal vermis elicits contralaterally directed saccades and smooth pursuit ■ Receives inputs from the dorsal vermis, inferior olivary nucleus, and NRTP ■ Decussates and projects via the uncinate fasciculus of the brachium conjunctivum to the contralateral PPRF, rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus, nucleus of the posterior commissure, omnipause neurons in nucleus raphe interpositus, the mesencephalic reticular formation, and superior colliculus ■ Neurons in the fastigial oculomotor region (FOR) fire during both ipsilateral and contralateral saccades. 1. The contralateral FOR neurons burst before the onset of saccade, and the onset of firing is not correlated with any property of the saccade. 2. Conversely, the time of onset for neurons in the ipsilateral FOR varies, with bursts occurring later for larger saccades. 3. Thus, the difference in time of onset between contralateral and ipsilateral FOR activity encodes the amplitude of saccades (i.e., the larger the difference in time of onset, the larger the saccade amplitude). Eye movement abnormalities in uncinate fasciculus lesion include hypometric ipsilesional saccades and hypermetric contralesional saccades (“contrapulsion”). Arnold-Chiari malformation is a malformation of the medullary–spinal junction with herniation of intracranial contents through the foramen magnum. The three types are illustrated in the figure below.
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