Journal articles on the topic 'Boy code'
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1
Yuana, Linda. "CODE SWITCHING AND CODE MIXING IN #NEBENG BOY." LEAD (Language, Education and Development) 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.lead.2022.2.1.5468.
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As a social creature, human beings need society to live in. There is always a power to survive in society including being survive to communicate. In exchanging the message to one another, people use language and some strategies in purpose of being successful to deliver meaning that they want. Among those strategies, there are code switching and code mixing, which is used when people communicate in multilingual society. Code switching is when a speaker uses strategy to switch from one language to another, whether code mixing is when a speaker mix the language and use it in an utterance. In this study, the object of the research is a Youtube channel called #nebengboy. This channel hosted by bilingual talented Indonesian host who usually speak fluent both in Indonesian and English. The finding shows that there are many types of code switching and code mixing use in the conversation of this Youtube channel, both by the host and the guest. From the findings, it can be concluded that the host, uses many code switching and code mixing for some reasons. This reasons can be one of the consideration for people to create a successful and meaningful communication in multilingual society.
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Angelia, Caecilia Ivana. "CODE CHOICE USED IN YOUTUBE CONTENT “NEBENG BOY”." PRASASTI: Journal of Linguistics 5, no. 1 (June 8, 2020): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/prasasti.v5i1.39342.
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<p>Nebeng Boy is one of the most popular YouTube content created by Indonesian YouTuber and an ex-Video Jockey from MTV, Boy William. The participants in this YouTube content are divided into two; the Host and the Guests. This research aims to find out the code choices chosen by the participants of YouTube content “Nebeng Boy” and the reasons why the participants choose the different codes.</p><p>This research was a case study of sociolinguistics which employed a descriptive qualitative method. In collecting the data, the researcher has done a few techniques namely taking notes from observing the conversation, transcribing the dialogues between participants, and classifying the data. The researcher used total sampling technique and took the whole part of dialogue from six videos of “Nebeng Boy”.</p><p>The results of this research show that the code choices employed by the participants of Nebeng Boy are informal variety from Bahasa Indonesia and English which resembles of high social class or high social status. Each participant has different way in using the codes and also has different reason behind it. The Host of the program uses informal code choices to show solidarity, express emotions, show intimacy, changing topics, and including another person to the conversation. Meanwhile, the factors that the guests use the code choices are the background of the person, the profession, function of the conversation, topics, the situation of conversation, and to include another person.</p>
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Kokozos, Michael, and Nora Gross. "Opening Up a Dialogue about the Boy Code." Boyhood Studies 8, no. 2 (September 1, 2015): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/bhs.2015.080215.
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Deirdre Fishel (dir). 2012. The Boy Game. [videorecording]. [Harriman, NY]: New Day Films. Mind’s Eye Productions. 16 min.Steven Brion-Meisels and Maura Clarke. The Boy Game: A Look at Bullying Through the Lens of Masculine Gender Norms. A Study Guide to Accompany the Film. N.d., PDF, 65 pp.
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Anggraeni, Dwinesa, and Hernalia Citra Dewi. "Code Switching Used by Boy William in Breakout Program on Net Tv." DEIKSIS 12, no. 02 (May 28, 2020): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/deiksis.v12i02.4505.
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<p class="8Abstractcontent">This research is carried out to find out (1) the types of code-switching used by Boy William in the “Breakout” program on Net TV, (2) the most dominant type of code-switching used by Boy William in “Breakout’’ program on Net TV? The researchers use the descriptive qualitative method by collecting the data from three episodes of Breakout TV program, the data was taken by focusing on Boy William utterances. It’s found 40 data that is classified into three types of code-switching, there are inter-sentential code-switching, intra-sentential switching, and tag switching. The research result shows that there are 4 inter-sentential code-switching used in Boy’ utterances, 35 intra-sentential, and 1 of tag switching. In brief, from three videos that the researchers observed there is 10% utterances of inter-sentential, 87,5 % using intra-sentential, and 2,5% tag switching used by Boy William in Breakout music program on Net TV. Then, intra-sentential code-switching is the most often used by the speaker.</p><p> </p><strong>Keywords:</strong> sociolinguistics, code-switching, English learning
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Nurvadhilah, Hestin, Adip Arifin, and Ratri Harida. "Code Switching in Di Balik Pintu Vlog By Boy William." Journal of English Language Learning 6, no. 2 (November 9, 2022): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31949/jell.v6i2.3495.
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This research aims to identify the different kinds of code switching, the factors that cause code switching, and the function of code switching as it was employed in Boy William's Di Balik Pintu vlog. The researchers used descriptive qualititave research. The findings of this study demonstrated the use of tag switching, intersentential switching, and intrasentential switching as the three types of code switching in Di Balik Pintu vlog by Boy William. The researchers found 129 data, 24 intersentential switching data, 74 intrasentential switching data, and 31 tag switching data. The results of the factors that cause code switching were 75 data, there are 34 data of speakers, 28 data of interlocutors, 7 data of situation change from formal to informal, 5 data of change discussion topic, 1 data of attendance of the third person. While for the function of code switching, there were 129 data. The researchers found 19 quotation, 12 addressee specification, 25 interjections, 14 reiterations, 22 message qualification, and 37 personalization or objectification. This research can be used to increase knowledge about code switching and as reference for the next researcher.
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Laksono, Puji, and Aprilia Novita. "An Analysis of Code Switching in Boy William’s Vlog on Youtube." CLLiENT (Culture, Literature, Linguistics, and English Teaching) 2, no. 02 (August 18, 2021): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32699/cllient.v2i02.1882.
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Today there are many people can speak more than one language. It makes them can switch from one language to others in one speech event. This paper explainstypes of code switching, factors that influence the use of code switching and the function of code switching Boy William’s Vlog.
The research belongs to qualitative research. The data are in form of utterances spoken by the Boy William and his guests. The data are collected by observation. It is done by watching and recording the video and writing the data. Then dataare analyzed by content analysis. The steps in analyzing data are: selecting data, interpreting and drawing conclusion.
The results shows that there are three types of code switching found, that are Intra-Sentential, Inter-Sentential and Tag Switching. Meanwhile, there are four factors that affect code switching; Participant, Solidarity, Status and Topic. While the function of code switching, six functions were found; Talking about Particular topics, Interjection, Express Solidarity, Intention of Clarifying The Speech Content for Interlocutors, Repetition Used for Clarification and Express Group Identification.
Keywords:Types of code switching, Factors of code switching, Functions of code switching, Vlog.
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Wibiani, Putu Findi Desi, I. Gede Budiasa, and Anak Agung Sagung Shanti Sari Dewi. "Code Switching Analysis on You-Tube Channel #NebengBoy by Boy William." Humanis 25, no. 3 (August 22, 2021): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jh.2021.v25.i03.p06.
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This study is entitled "Code-Switching Analysis on YouTube Channel "#NebengBoy by Boy William”. The aim of the study is to analyze the type and the function of code-switching on the Boy William YouTube Channel. The data is collected from the YouTube Channel of Boy William which is taken from Maudy Ayunda and Sandra Dewi episodes. The method and technique of collecting data is the documentation method, and the analysis is done by the qualitative method. The theory that is used to analyze the types and functions of code-switching is Apple & Muysken's theory (2015). Three types of code-switching are found namely tag switching, intra-sentential switching, and inter-sentential switching, and their six functions, namely referential function, directive function, expressive function, phatic function, metalinguistic function, and poetic function. Nonetheless, the metalinguistic function is not found in the analyzed data.
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Risner, Doug. "Rehearsing masculinity: challenging the ‘boy code’ in dance education." Research in Dance Education 8, no. 2 (December 2007): 139–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14647890701706107.
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Ester, Yokbeth, Rahma Yanti, Yalmiadi Yalmiadi, and Irsyad Shabri. "Types And Level Of Indonesian-English Code-Mixing Used By Barbie Kumalasari On Boy William’svlog." Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmiah Sosial Budaya 1, no. 2 (August 2, 2022): 454–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.47233/jppisb.v1i2.585.
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This study analyses about types and levels of code-mixing used by Barbie Kumalasari on Boy William’s Vlog. This study refers to Hoffman’s theory in terms of types of code-mixing, and refers to Suwito’s theory in terms of levels of code-mixing. In achieving those objectives, the authors applied a descriptive qualitative approach. The authors implemented a qualitative method. The instrument of this study is document analysis. It focused on analysing and interpreting recorded documents. The findings showed that there are 46 data of types of code mixing, and 46 data of levels of code mixing. For the types of code-mixing, the highest data is intra-sentential code-mixing and the lowest type is intra-lexical code mixing. As for the levels of code-mixing, the highest data is in the word level and the lowest data are baster level and repetition word of code mixing.
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Pasaribu, Santi Roulina Fentisia, Christian Neni Purba, and Herman Herman. "Code Mixing Realization by Cinta Laura Kiehl on Boy William’s Youtube Channel." Ideas: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Budaya 7, no. 4 (November 10, 2021): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32884/ideas.v7i4.538.
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This research aims to determine the type and level of code-mixing that appears on Boy William YouTube channel by Cinta Laura Kiehl. This research uses descriptive qualitative research and human research is the main instrument of this research. In collecting data, this research uses the documentation method. This research uses content analysis which focuses on the analysis of the types of code mixing proposed by Hoffman and the levels of code-mixing proposed by Suwito. The data are two video Boy William's YouTube channel such as Intip Rumahnya Cinta Laura Kiehl! Ternyata #DiBalikPintu, Berhentinya Cinta Laura Didunia Musik Karena Trauma?. The data showed that intra-sentential of code-mixing is the most dominant types of code mixing in the video 96.92%, intra-lexical of code mixing with the percentage 3.08% and the lowest percentage is involving a change of pronunciation 0%. The data highest level of code mixing in the video with a percentage level of phrase with a percentage of 46.15%, word level 27.69%, clause level 23.08%, baster level 3.08%, reduplication level and idioms level 0 %. As the result, there were 65 data in the types and levels of code-mixing. In the types of code mixing, the highest type was intra-sentential of code-mixing and the lowest type was involving a change of pronunciation. While, in the levels of code-mixing, the dominant level was word level and the lowest level was repetition word and idiom level.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan tingkat campur kode yang muncul dari Cinta Laura Kiehl di channel YouTube Boy William. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dan manusia merupakan instrumen utama penelitian ini. Dalam pengumpulan data, penelitian ini menggunakan metode dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis isi yang menitikberatkan pada analisis jenis-jenis campur kode yang dikemukakan oleh Hoffman dan tingkatan-tingkatan campur kode yang dikemukakan oleh Suwito. Data tersebut adalah dua video channel YouTube Boy William seperti Intip Rumahnya Cinta Laura Kiehl! Ternyata #DiBalikPintu, Berhentinya Cinta Laura di Dunia Musik Karena Trauma? Data menunjukkan bahwa campur kode intra-sentential merupakan jenis campur kode yang paling dominan dalam video 96,92%, campur kode intra-leksikal dengan persentase 3,08% dan persentase terendah melibatkan perubahan pengucapan 0%. Data menunjukkan bahwa campur kode intra-sentential merupakan jenis campur kode yang paling dominan dalam video 96,92%, campur kode intra-leksikal dengan persentase 3,08% dan persentase terendah melibatkan perubahan pengucapan 0%. Data tingkat campur kode tertinggi dalam video dengan tingkat persentase frasa dengan persentase 46,15%, tingkat kata 27,69%, tingkat klausa 23,08%, tingkat baster 3,08%, tingkat reduplikasi dan tingkat idiom 0%. Hasilnya, ada 65 data dalam jenis dan tingkat campur kode. Pada tipe campur kode, tipe tertinggi adalah campur kode intra-sentential dan tipe terendah melibatkan perubahan pelafalan. Sedangkan pada level campur kode, level yang dominan adalah level kata dan level terendah adalah level pengulangan kata dan idiom.
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Handayani, Dwi, and Ricky Eka Sanjaya. "An Analysis of Code-Mixing Used by Boy William on Vlog #Dibalikpintu." JEdu: Journal of English Education 1, no. 2 (August 19, 2021): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/jedu.v1i2.4543.
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The research aims to describe and to analyze the forms of code-mixing used by Boy William on Vlog #Dibalikpintu. This study was a descriptive qualitative method and human research is the main instrument of this study. In collecting the data, this study utilized observation and documentation methods. This study employed content analysis which focused on analyzing the forms of code-mixing which were defined by Suwito (1983). The result of this study: In the word form, there are 19 data found, (15 nouns, 2 verbs, 1 adjective, 1 question word). In the phrase form, there are 19 data found, (17 noun phrases, 2 adjective phrases). In the baster form, there are 5 data found, (1 noun as a form of gerund suffixation, 3 noun suffixation, 1 verb suffixation). In the word reduplication form, there are 2 data found, (1 noun, 1 compound noun). In the idiom form, there are 2 data found, (1 formal idiom, 1 informal idiom). In the clause form, there are 25 data found, (8 noun clauses, 14 verb clauses, 3 adjective clauses).
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Firmansyah, Mursyidul Haq. "KODE KEHORMATAN PRAMUKA PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT MORAL DAN SUMBANGSIH TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER." Moderasi: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial 2, no. 1 (September 6, 2021): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24239/moderasi.vol2.iss1.39.
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Morality is a very hot discussion these days, Morality is an effort to guide someone’s action with common sense. Moral philosophy is a critical, systematic, and methodical science about the deeds of human beings and its relation to the good and bad. Code of scout honor sections of the code of ethics is interesting to study moral values contained in it. Type of this research is qualitative method; the formal object was moral philosophy while the material object was the code of honor of the boy scouts. The approach method that used in this research was ethics normative, and the analysis method was the philosophical interpretation. In the moral Values in the code of honor of the boy scouts is the crystallization of value-the value of life taken from the values in the life only for a while of the society. The value of moral rights and obligations, justice, honesty, responsibility and attitude of humble can become the norm which is universal so it can be a reference norm for human beings in general. In addition, these norms enrich moral values in character of education.
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Sugianto, Castaka Agus, and Aldy Noer Tjahyo. "Media Pembelajaran Pengenalan Sandi Semaphore Menggunakan Augmented Reality." Jurnal ICT : Information Communication & Technology 18, no. 1 (July 31, 2019): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36054/jict-ikmi.v18i1.46.
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Submission of Semaphore material at Mutiara 5 Lembang Middle School is available in the boy scout book and is only in the form of 2-dimensional images and can also be delivered by the scoutmaster. In this case the delivery of the material for the Semaphore still has shortcomings. Therefore this study aims to build visual learning media to convey information about semaphore code using augmented reality. In order to provide more detailed knowledge about semaphore code actively, creatively and educatively. It is expected that with the function of converting text into semaphore code, students can see the visualization of semaphore code movements in real time. So that this application can be a new tool in improving the semaphore code learning method than before in the form of books. By using the Multimedia Develpoment Life Cycle method, in the testing phase by distributing UAT to 25 scout students and one coach showed 86.5% of results stated very good.
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Kuhberg, Heinz. "Longitudinal L2-attrition versus L2-acquisition, in three Turkish children- empirical findings." Interlanguage studies bulletin (Utrecht) 8, no. 2 (June 1992): 138–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765839200800203.
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The attrition of German in two Turkish girls (seven and nine years old), previously resident in Germany, was observed in Turkey. The attrition was compared to the L2-acquisition of German of a Turkish boy aged 11. Attrition did not set in immediately. In the second stage, after six months, slower speech, hesitation and free morpheme code-switching to Turkish due to lexical attrition, particularly in verbs, indicated its onset. Basic grammatic al categories were involved in the third stage. Bound morpheme code- switching became the predominant pattern. Basic syntactic patterns of German were retained longest. Attrition was largely a mirror-image of acquisition. Simplification, overgeneralization and over-regularization were strikingly similar in both sets of data. Code-switching turned out to be developmentally systematic, and even 'grammaticalized' in the final stages.
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Dewi, Hernalia Citra. "Code Switching Used by Indonesian Celebrities in Social Media." Deiksis 13, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/deiksis.v13i3.8669.
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<p class="NoList1">People who are capable of speaking and writing two languages well arecalled "bilingual", they commonly switch a language to another in their communication, that is code switching. This study focuses on analysing codeswitching used by Indonesian Celebrities in Social Media, using theory of code switching proposed by Romaine in Susanto (2008) and Hoffman (1992).The aims of this research are 1). to describe and analyzes the types of codeswitching and 2). To find the most dominant type of them in Social-Media. This study investigates code switching used in Social Media. The objectives of this study are to find out types and the most dominant type of code switching used by Indonesian Celebrities in Social Media. This study uses descriptive qualitative approach. The data are collected from the utterances of Maudy Ayunda and Boy William as Indonesian Celebrities which are analyzed by using Romaine in Susanto (2008) and Hoffman (1992) theory oncode switching. It is found that from three videos on social media, 20 data are found and classified into three types of code switching. There are 7 data of inter-sentential of code switching and 12 intra-sentential, and 1 of tag switching.</p><p> </p><p><em>Key words: sociolinguistics, code switching, Social-Media</em><strong></strong></p>
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Gils, Charlotte, Pernille Just Vinholt, and Mads Nybo. "Falsely prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time – a pre- and post-analytical issue." Biochemia medica 29, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.11613/bm.2019.011001.
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This case highlights two common pre-analytical problems identified in routine coagulation testing of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), which were overlooked because of a concurrent flag code indicating no coagulation and the result was replaced by asterisks. It concerns a boy with gastrointestinal bleeding and prolonged aPTT > 300 seconds, which raised the suspicion of haemophilia. When all other coagulation parameters (including specific coagulation factors VIII and IX) turned out to be normal, aPTT was re-measured using another analysis principle, which revealed a normal aPTT. The primary aPTT result turned out to be aborted due to concurrent haemolysis and lipaemia, but was erroneously interpreted as prolonged coagulation. The lesson is awareness of the possibility of numerous flag codes on the same sample overruling each other, and awareness on the responsibility in the post-analytical phase that must be carried by increased educational focus and by the manufacturers.
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Wtorkowska, Maria. "Inflection in a bilingual child. A case study." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Kształcenie Polonistyczne Cudzoziemców 26 (December 19, 2019): 271–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0860-6587.26.19.
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In the article, the author presents the mutual impacts of Polish and Slovenian on one another in terms of nominal inflection (mainly of nouns and adjectives) and verb inflection in the speech of a bilingual child in his early development, specifically: positive transfer and interferences. She discusses the parallel children’s bilingualism of a boy living in a mixed family, where various strategies of addressing the child were used, mainly the rule “one parent, one language” (mother – Polish, father – Slovenian). The presence of interference in the child’s speech also caused by the language of the environment in which the boy lived, i.e. the Slovenian language, which could become the dominant one. Some of the examples of Marko’s speech presented in the article indicate special linguistic phenomena which existed in his early linguistic development, e.g., code mixing, switching from one language to the other, and translation.
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Pohan, Masitah. "Legal Review of the Recognition of Outsidered Children Based on the Book of Civil Law." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 2 (May 4, 2021): 2193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i2.1911.
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Legal review due to the recognition of out-of-wedlock children based on the Civil Code, where it is known that a child is a gift from God Almighty and if the child is born outside the marriage between a boy and a girl without acknowledgment by the parents, the child is not will have a legal relationship with his parents. This research is motivated by the importance of recognizing children born outside of marriage. The purpose of this study was to determine the legal consequences of an out-of-wedlock child if they received recognition from their parents, and to determine the impact on the outside child if they did not receive recognition. The research method used is normative legal research through literature study and using an analytical approach. Based on the results of the research, it is understood that children outside of marriage are children born outside of legal marriages, so with the recognition made by the parents, there will be a civil relationship between the child and the father and mother (Article 280 of the Civil Code).
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Berthele, Raphael. "The influence of code-mixing and speaker information on perception and assessment of foreign language proficiency: An experimental study." International Journal of Bilingualism 16, no. 4 (December 14, 2011): 453–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006911429514.
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The study draws on different lines of research on the influence of social and other information on the evaluation of language production in school contexts. On the one hand, names or other background information is well known to influence teachers and other gatekeepers’ evaluations, and on the other hand, code-switching and other non-standard features in pupils’ language production are also known to affect assessment outcomes not only of linguistic skills but also of general academic potential. Taking into account these two research traditions, this study investigates the influence of different ethnically marked names and code-switches on teachers’ evaluations of pupils’ oral proficiency in French as a foreign language. Three authentic oral texts were rerecorded once by inserting German words and once without such inserts. Additionally, these samples were presented either as stemming from a bilingual Swiss German native or from a multilingual Swiss-German Serbian boy. A total of 157 future teachers rated the speech samples with respect to different dimensions (fluency, correctness, but also the pupil’s academic potential in general). The analyses provide evidence for positive and negative stereotyping of the Serbian first name, and there is also an unexpected interaction with code-mixing into German: without insertional mixing, the texts with a Balkan name are perceived as being superior, but with such mixing this superiority is lost and turns into significantly lower assessment scores.
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Baxter, Kent. "Becoming a Gentleman." Boyhood Studies 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/bhs.2018.110102.
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This article traces the intellectual and cultural history of the concept of chivalry, paying particular attention to its relationship with coming-of-age narratives, boyology, and theories of adolescent development. The concept of chivalry was central to the texts surrounding turn-of-the-twentieth-century youth movements, such as the Boy Scouts and the Knights of King Arthur. Chivalry, as it was constructed in these texts, became a way to contain cultural anxieties associated with a fear of modernity and, as a code of behavior, provided a path for youths to come of age, therefore containing concerns about the newly conceived and characteristically unstable developmental stage of adolescence.
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AL-Amadi, Hanadi. "Images of criminal behavior of Thug crime according to the Provisions of Jordanian legislation." Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan Journal for Legal Studies 3, no. 3 (November 30, 2022): 106–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15849/zujjls.221130.06.
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Abstract The Jordanian legislator was keen to criminalize thug crime under the Jordanian amended Penal Code No. 10 of 2022 by adding a new article, Article (415) bis, after it was found that traditional legal texts are no longer sufficient to achieve deterrence and restraint, as they are limited to certain types of crimes, such as threats, extortion and robbery. This study reached a set of results, the most important of which are: The Jordanian legislator was alerted to the noticeable spread of thug crime and tribute payments in recent years, especially after the case of the Zarqa boy. As this crime intimidated citizens and is seen as a flagrant threat to their security and safety. The best option was to amend the Jordanian Penal Code by adding a text criminalizing thug crime and tightening the penalty to punish anyone who was tempted to infringe on people or their property. The most important recommendations of this study are to appoint a special type of urgent judiciary to consider cases of thug crimes, or making its jurisdiction to the State Security Court, besides allocating their own prisons in reform and rehabilitation centers due to their criminal danger. Keywords: Criminal behavior, Crime, thug, Legislation.
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Golikova, Guzel. "Poetics of the game in the M. A. Bulgakov’s novel “Master and Margarita”: the image of cat Begemoth." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 9, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.3447.
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The article deals with the question of the functioning of the game code of M. Bulgakov’s novel “Master and Margarita”. The focus of the researcher is the image of the cat Begemoth, one of the members of the Woland suite. The article explores the connection between the image of the cat and the figure of Hans Sachs, a well-known representative of the German Renaissance. Principles of game conjugation of two figures are buffoonery, carnival, satire. At the same time, the three hypostases of the cat Begemoth (the cat – fat man – a boy with a knight (pazh) refer the reader to the figure of Leo Taxil (the French writer Gabriel Zhogan Pazhes), the punning allusion which is found in the last chapters of the novel and is determined by the writer’s position in depicting the religious question.
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Jago, Russell, Tom Baranowski, and Michael Harris. "Relationships Between GIS Environmental Features and Adolescent Male Physical Activity: GIS Coding Differences." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 3, no. 2 (April 2006): 230–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.3.2.230.
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Background:It is not clear if relationships between GIS obtained environmental features and physical activity differ according to the method used to code GIS data.Methods:Physical activity levels of 210 Boy Scouts were measured by accelerometer. Numbers of parks, trails, gymnasia, bus stops, grocery stores, and restaurants within the commonly used 400 m and 1-mile (1609.3 m) buffers of subject residences and distance to the nearest feature were calculated. Residential density, connectivity, and crime rate were calculated. Regression models with minutes of sedentary, light, or moderate-to-vigorous activity as dependent variables and environmental and demographics as independent variables were run with backward deletion of environmental variables.Results:Park, crime, and gym variables were associated with physical activity, but relationships varied according to whether a 400 m, 1 mile, or nearest criteria was used.Conclusion:Environmental variables were associated with the physical activity of adolescent males, but the association was method dependent.
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Harningtyas, Citra Dwi, Evy Ervianti, Linda Astari, Sylvia Anggraeni, and Yuri Widia. "A Case Report of Tinea Capitis in Children: Utility of Trichoscopy." Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin 34, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/bikk.v34.1.2022.66-72.
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Background: Tinea capitis (TC) is the most prevalent pediatric superficial dermatophyte infection. Scalp dermoscopy or “trichoscopy” represents a valuable, noninvasive technique for the evaluation of patients with hair loss due to TC. Purpose: To characterize trichoscopic findings in children with clinical findings suggestive of TC. Case: A 13-year-old boy was presented with a scaled plaque on his scalp that had appeared 1 month earlier. A physical examination revealed a scaly, nonerythematous, rounded lesion in the parietal area of the head. Wood’s lamp yielded a blue fluorescence. Microscopic morphology from fungal culture found the typical spindle-shaped macroconidia of Microsporum canis. Trichoscopy showed mainly comma hair, corkscrew hair, morse code hair, bent hair, and zig zag hair. The patient was started on oral griseofulvin 20 mg/kg/day and antifungal shampoo for 8 weeks. The patient was cured after two months of treatment and trichoscopy returned to normal. Discussion: Fungal culture remains the gold standard in TC diagnosis, but it needs time. Trichoscopy can be an additional tool to help evaluate the diagnosis, aetiology, and follow up of this disorder. The presence of characteristic trichoscopic features (comma hairs, corkscrew hairs, Morse code-like hairs, zigzag hairs, bent hairs, block hairs, and i-hairs) is predictive of TC. The present analysis confirmed that trichoscopy is a useful method in differentiating between Microsporum and Trichophyton TC, which is important from the perspective of a different therapeutic approach. Conclusion: Trichoscopy is not only of value in the diagnosis of TC but also for the etiologic agent and follow-up after treatment in this case.
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Masina, Juliette. "Pediatric CPR resuscitation maneuver from a bystander thanks to pre-arrival guidance by a dispatcher: a case report." Rescue Press 1, no. 3 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.53767/rp.2021.03.01.en.
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The working group that deals with the drafting and revising of the Pre-arrival Instructions in the 118 Emilia Est Operations Center has decided to publish this article that deals with an event that occurred in December 2020 as it fully expresses the entire activity of the headquarters nurse. On 23 December 2020, at 6:44 pm, the parents of P, a two-year-old boy, called 118 because the little boy had lost consciousness following the ingestion of a small piece of mozzarella cheese. The dispatcher quickly identified the target of the call and conducted the health interview. From the mother’s information, the child appeared unconscious, with cyanotic lips and no respiratory activity. The nurse recorded the event on the operating system as K3 Advanced Red Blue, i.e., a respiratory pathology in the home was identified, and the code of maximum severity was assigned, which requires the simultaneous dispatch of an ambulance and self-medication, so the nurse in charge at 18:47 sent a BLSD vehicle and the ALS vehicle of territorial competence. The operator who recorded the distress call continued the call with the little one’s parents, providing them with pre-arrival instructions for pediatric obstruction: given the condition, he had the father begin CPR. The nurse asked the mother if she had a smartphone, and upon her affirmative response, she sent a text message that enabled the activation of the video call through the Flagmii platform: in less than three minutes from the beginning of the call, she was “on the scene” thanks to the video camera activated by the mother.
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SZTAJNBOK, Jaques, Marguerite LOVGREN, Maria Cristina C. BRANDILEONE, Paulo C. F. MAROTTO, James A. TALBOT, and Antonio C. SEGURO. "FATAL GROUP A STREPTOCOCCAL TOXIC SHOCK-LIKE SYNDROME IN A CHILD WITH VARICELLA: REPORT OF THE FIRST WELL DOCUMENTED CASE WITH DETECTION OF THE GENETIC SEQUENCES THAT CODE FOR EXOTOXINS SPE A AND B, IN SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 41, no. 1 (January 1999): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651999000100011.
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A previously healthy seven-year-old boy was admitted to the intensive care unit because of toxaemia associated with varicella. He rapidly developed shock and multisystem organ failure associated with the appearance of a deep-seated soft tissue infection and, despite aggressive treatment, died on hospital day 4. An M-non-typable, spe A and spe B positive Group A Streptococcus was cultured from a deep soft tissue aspirate. The criteria for defining Streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome were fulfilled. The authors discuss the clinical and pathophysiological aspects of this disease as well as some unusual clinical findings related to this case.
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Myers, Charles W., and Richard B. Stothers. "The myth of Hylas revisited: the frog name Hyla and other commentary on Specimen medicum (1768) of J. N. Laurenti, the “father of herpetology”." Archives of Natural History 33, no. 2 (October 2006): 241–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2006.33.2.241.
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Laurenti's (1768) Specimen medicum, exhibens synopsin reptilium is the source for the class name Reptilia and for many common genera, including Hyla, whose derivation is given incorrectly in dictionaries and source books. Laurenti explicitly based Hyla on the mythological boy Hylas, quoting Virgil's Eclogues in a long footnote abbreviated from Servius, the fourth-century Latin commentator on Virgil. Laurenti recognized the boy's name as masculine, but unambiguously treated the genus Hyla as feminine – a puzzling transfer of gender allowable by the modern Code of zoological nomenclature. An overview is provided of the taxonomy of Specimen medicum. Most of Laurenti's 28 generic names were obtained from earlier sources, including Linnaean species names, among them Rana hyla. Laurenti saw specimens for nearly a third of 242 included species. Other species, including twelve taxa ostensibly based solely on specimens, came from descriptions and especially illustrations in sixteenth- to eighteenth-century publications. Laurenti's taxonomic sources, variably abbreviated and usually undated, are identified and referenced. Authors have misinterpreted the literature basis for Laurenti's genus Caudiverbera, the type species of which is mythical, belonging neither to the Amphibia nor Reptilia.
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Saldanha, Avil, and Rekha Aranha. "Pricing and content – Netflix’s dilemma in India." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 12, no. 4 (November 21, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-12-2021-0411.
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Learning outcomes The learning outcomes of this study are as follows:1. Analyze the pricing strategy followed by Netflix in India;2. Examine the challenges faced by media companies, including over-the-top (OTT) service providers, in developing content for target consumers in emerging markets; and3. Evaluate the dynamics of the Indian OTT industry and understand the effect of external and internal factors on the growth of Netflix in India. Case overview/synopsis This case discusses the dilemma faced by Netflix in India regarding pricing and content. Netflix was accused of hurting the religious and political sentiments of Indians by broadcasting bold shows such as Sacred Games and A Suitable Boy. Netflix is caught in a dilemma between its pursuit to achieve its target of achieving 100 million subscribers from India versus continuing its profitable high pricing strategy. Another key dilemma is regarding the streaming of attractive bold content which may occasionally hurt the religious/political sentiments of some Indians or stream only safe content which may be deemed as boring by its young target audience. Complexity academic level Undergraduate and postgraduate students studying Marketing courses in Commerce and Business Management streams can use this case. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 8: Marketing.
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Trani, Alessandro A., and Mario Spera. "Modeling gravitational few-body problems with tsunami and okinami." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 16, S362 (June 2020): 404–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921322001818.
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AbstractIn recent years, an increasing amount of attention is being paid to the gravitational few-body problem and its applications to astrophysical scenarios. Among the main reasons for this renewed interest there is large number of newly discovered exoplanets and the detection of gravitational waves. Here, we present two numerical codes to model three- and few-body systems, called tsunami and okinami. The tsunami code is a direct few-body code with algorithmic regularization, tidal forces and post-Newtonian corrections. okinami is a secular, double-averaged code for stable hierarchical triples. We describe the main methods implemented in our codes, and review our recent results and applications to gravitational-wave astronomy, planetary science and statistical escape theories.
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Church, Ross P., Christopher A. Tout, and Jarrod R. Hurley. "N-body Simulations with Live Stellar Evolution." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 26, no. 1 (2009): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/as08062.
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AbstractAn N-body code containing live stellar evolution through combination of the software packages nbody6 and stars is presented. Operational details of the two codes are outlined and the changes that have been made to combine them discussed. We have computed the evolution of clusters of 104 stars using the combined code and we compare the results with those obtained using nbody6 and the synthetic stellar evolution code sse. We find that, providing the physics package within stars is set up correctly to match the parameters of the models used to construct sse, the results are very similar. This provides a good indication that the new code is working well. We also demonstrate how this physics can be changed simply in the new code with convective overshooting as an example. Similar changes in sse would require considerable reworking of the model fits. We conclude by outlining proposed future development of the code to include more complete models of single stars and binary star systems.
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ZASORNOVA, Iryna, Alexander ZASORNOV, and Galyna RIPKA. "DEVELOPMENT OF CLASSIFIER FOR THE APPLICATION OF QR CODES IN LIGHT INDUSTRY." HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 295, no. 2 (May 2021): 226–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2021-295-2-226-233.
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A classifier of QR-codes, which are used in light industry and are divided into static, dynamic, combined is developed in this work. Static QR codes can be digital, text or symbolic. Digital QR-codes are divided into subspecies: product code, product price, manufacturer code, date and other numerical designations. Text QR-codes are divided into subtypes: product name, product description, manufacturer and other text designations. Symbolic QR-codes are divided into subtypes: special symbols, formatting symbols and other marking symbols. Combined together, several types of QR codes form a combined code. Frequently static and dynamic QR codes are combined. Dynamic QR codes can only be combined. Based on the survey data, we can assume that the most important are the four main ways to use the QR-code are: “Outdoor advertising”, “Code on goods”, “Electronic ticket” and “Discount code”. Other ways to use a QR code, according to experts, have a much lower impact in terms of application. These include: “Invitation to social networks”, “Tourism”, “Banking”, “Company logo”, “Clothing and accessories”, “Tattoos”. This opinion of experts is typical only for Ukraine, because according to foreign studies, tattooing a QR-code on the human body is quite often met. Taking into account the results of the study, a label for products was made using a QR-code, which contains a link to the site TKSHV – Market. On the site it is possible to get acquainted in more detail with the products made at the department, to provide consumers with information about them. From the site it is possible to go to the Telegram-channel, where it is convenient to ask additional questions, see the process of creating a QR-code and more. It is also planned to create other channels on social networks, such as Instagram, Facebook, Viber. This will allow the consumer to use a more convenient social network.
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Sansoda, Buncha, and Somsak Choomchuay. "Performance Evaluation of Concatenate Coding for Body Area Network Applications." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 932–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.932.
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In digital communications, since it is of importance that the receiving data is identical to the transmitted data, the error correcting code is one good solution to maintaining the information accuracy between the transmitter and the receiver. This research paper proposes the application of the error correcting code to Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). The error correcting code in this research work is the concatenate code of the Reed-Solomon code (RS) and the convolutional code (CC). Information data in WBAN with the Rician channel condition is modulated with the Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) scheme. In addition, the path loss of WBAN is examined. The Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh fading channels are employed for comparison purposes to illustrate the effects on bit error performance of different channel environments. The RS code is an outer code while the convolutional code an inner code. The findings show that the concatenate code performs better than the single codes, i.e. RS and CC. At BER 10-3, the concatenate code {RS(255,223)+CC(171,133)} is better than either RS(255,223) at 5dB or CC(171,133) at 1.5dB. If the inner code is changed to CC(7,5) at BER 10-3, the performance is reduced by approximately 0.6dB. Thus, the coding complexity can be tailored according to the desired error correcting capability.
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Di Cintio, Pierfrancesco, Mario Pasquato, Hyunwoo Kim, and Suk-Jin Yoon. "Introducing a new multi-particle collision method for the evolution of dense stellar systems." Astronomy & Astrophysics 649 (May 2021): A24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038784.
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Context. Stellar systems are broadly divided into collisional and non-collisional categories. While the latter are large-N systems with long relaxation timescales and can be simulated disregarding two-body interactions, either computationally expensive direct N-body simulations or approximate schemes are required to properly model the former. Large globular clusters and nuclear star clusters, with relaxation timescales of the order of a Hubble time, are small enough to display some collisional behaviour and big enough to be impossible to simulate with direct N-body codes and current hardware. Aims. We aim to introduce a new method to simulate collisional stellar systems and validate it by comparison with direct N-body codes on small-N simulations. Methods. The Multi-Particle Collision for Dense Stellar Systems (MPCDSS) code is a new code for evolving stellar systems with the multi-particle collision method. Such a method amounts to a stochastic collision rule that makes it possible to conserve the exact energy and momentum over a cluster of particles experiencing the collision. The code complexity scales with N log N in the number of particles. Unlike Monte Carlo codes, MPCDSS can easily model asymmetric, non-homogeneous, unrelaxed, and rotating systems, while allowing us to follow the orbits of individual stars. Results. We evolved small (N = 3.2 × 104) star clusters with MPCDSS and with the direct-summation code NBODY6, finding a similar evolution of key indicators. We then simulated different initial conditions in the 104 − 106 star range. Conclusions. MPCDSS bridges the gap between small collisional systems that can be simulated with direct N-body codes and large non-collisional systems. In principle, MPCDSS allows us to simulate globular clusters such as Ω Centauri and M 54, and even nuclear star clusters, which is beyond the limits of current direct N-body codes in terms of the number of particles.
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Illum, Niels Ove, and Kim Oren Gradel. "Parents’ Assessments of Disability in Their Children Using World Health Organization International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, Child and Youth Version Joined Body Functions and Activity Codes Related to Everyday Life." Clinical Medicine Insights: Pediatrics 11 (January 1, 2017): 117955651771503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179556517715037.
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Aim: To help parents assess disability in their own children using World Health Organization (WHO) International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, Child and Youth Version (ICF-CY) code qualifier scoring and to assess the validity and reliability of the data sets obtained. Method: Parents of 162 children with spina bifida, spinal muscular atrophy, muscular disorders, cerebral palsy, visual impairment, hearing impairment, mental disability, or disability following brain tumours performed scoring for 26 body functions qualifiers (b codes) and activities and participation qualifiers (d codes). Scoring was repeated after 6 months. Psychometric and Rasch data analysis was undertaken. Results: The initial and repeated data had Cronbach α of 0.96 and 0.97, respectively. Inter-code correlation was 0.54 (range: 0.23-0.91) and 0.76 (range: 0.20-0.92). The corrected code-total correlations were 0.72 (range: 0.49-0.83) and 0.75 (range: 0.50-0.87). When repeated, the ICF-CY code qualifier scoring showed a correlation R of 0.90. Rasch analysis of the selected ICF-CY code data demonstrated a mean measure of 0.00 and 0.00, respectively. Code qualifier infit mean square (MNSQ) had a mean of 1.01 and 1.00. The mean corresponding outfit MNSQ was 1.05 and 1.01. The ICF-CY code τ thresholds and category measures were continuous when assessed and reassessed by parents. Participating children had a mean of 56 codes scores (range: 26-130) before and a mean of 55.9 scores (range: 25-125) after repeat. Corresponding measures were −1.10 (range: −5.31 to 5.25) and −1.11 (range: −5.42 to 5.36), respectively. Based on measures obtained at the 2 occasions, the correlation coefficient R was 0.84. The child code map showed coherence of ICF-CY codes at each level. There was continuity in covering the range across disabilities. And, first and foremost, the distribution of codes reflexed a true continuity in disability with codes for motor functions activated first, then codes for cognitive functions, and, finally, codes for more complex functions. Conclusions: Parents can assess their own children in a valid and reliable way, and if the WHO ICF-CY second-level code data set is functioning in a clinically sound way, it can be employed as a tool for identifying the severity of disabilities and for monitoring changes in those disabilities over time. The ICF-CY codes selected in this study might be one cornerstone in forming a national or even international generic set of ICF-CY codes for the benefit of children with disabilities, their parents, and caregivers and for the whole community supporting with children with disabilities on a daily and perpetual basis.
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Irandoostshahrestani, Misagh, and Daniel R. Rousse. "Photovoltaic Electrification and Water Pumping Using the Concepts of Water Shortage Probability and Loss of Power Supply Probability: A Case Study." Energies 16, no. 1 (December 20, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010001.
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In this paper, a techno-economic investigation of a small-scale solar water pumping system combined with power generation is conducted numerically. $igation and power production for a typical small-size citrus farm located in southern Iran is simulated. The system consists of monocrystalline photovoltaic panels (CS3K-305MS, 305 W), absorbent glass material batteries (8A31DT-DEKA, 104 Wh), inverters (SMA Sunny Boy 2.0, 2000 W), and a pumping storage system. The key concepts of water shortage probability (WSP) and loss of power supply probability (LPSP) are used in conjunction with users’ tolerances and sizing of the system. A genuine MATLAB code was developed and validated before the simulations. A specific electricity consumption pattern for a rural home and a variable $igation water profile were considered. The main objective of the study is to size a system that provides both electricity for domestic use of a home as well as the energy required for running the $igation pumps with respect to investment cost, LCOE, WSP, and LPSP. The main findings of the research are that LPSP and WSP threshold tolerances can have a preponderant effect on the cost and sizing of the system. Interestingly, results reveal that there is a minimum variation of the capital expenditure (CAPEX) versus the number of PV panels. For the optimal configuration, the study indicates that shifting from an LPSP of 0% to 3% (or about ten days of potential yearly shortage) makes the LCOE drop by about 55%, while the WSP decreases by about 36%.
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Gaurkar, Prachi P., and Amey Khedikar. "Comparison of Various Codes of Fire on Structural Design." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 490–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43781.
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Abstract: Fire situation is the significant issue in India and that of different designs is severely impacted by them. A portion of the design might fall after the fire in view of temperature impact. In this research, the primary spotlight on the beam and column of the structure. The standard fire curve is presented in IS code for a substantial steel support however for concrete neither fire curve is created nor any issue proclamation is given with the goal that various codes are utilized for the issue explanation. In this venture IS code, Euro Code, National Building codes of Canada and National code of Construction series of Australia are utilized. In reference of this codes the model to be framed in SAP programming with various information. The temperature for investigation is taken same for the whole model. The failed structures are over and over examined and make the model safe. Then the segment cross-segment and shaft cross-segment are taken and post process for the warm examination in SAFIR Software. This product is an issue sort of GID Software. In this the model are broke down by warm impact and post process in DIAMOND Software for the outcome. The similar examination of the Single bay frame model and 3-bay frame model for various codes is shown with assistance of chart. The correlation is in the middle of between standard fire curve and various codes. Keywords: Fire, SAFIR, DIAMOND, SAP-2000, Various Codes.
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Mukherjee, Rohan, Swarat Chaudhuri, and Chris Jermaine. "Searching a database of source codes using contextualized code search." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 13, no. 10 (June 2020): 1765–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3401960.3401972.
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Consider the case where a programmer has written some part of a program, but has left part of the program (such as a method or a function body) incomplete. The goal is to use the context surrounding the missing code to automatically "figure out" which of the codes in the database would be useful to the programmer in order to help complete the missing code. The search is "contextualized" in the sense that the search engine should use clues in the partially-completed code to figure out which database code is most useful. The user should not be required to formulate an explicit query. We cast contextualized code search as a learning problem, where the goal is to learn a distribution function computing the likelihood that each database code completes the program, and propose a neural model for predicting which database code is likely to be most useful. Because it will be prohibitively expensive to apply a neural model to each code in a database of millions or billions of codes at search time, one of our key technical concerns is ensuring a speedy search. We address this by learning a "reverse encoder" that can be used to reduce the problem of evaluating each database code to computing a convolution of two normal distributions.
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Choi, Il-Muk, Kyung-Hoon Won, and Hyung-Jin Choi. "Group Manchester Code Scheme for Medical In-body WBAN Systems." Journal of Korea Information and Communications Society 36, no. 10C (October 31, 2011): 597–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.7840/kics.2011.36c.10.597.
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Sharma, Kamal, Joshua Cummock, and Paul Maertens. "Acute Arterial Ischemic Stroke in a Treated Child with Hunter's Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature." Journal of Pediatric Neurology 19, no. 02 (January 13, 2021): 069–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1722211.
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AbstractEnzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has limited therapeutic effects on neurologic, skeletal, and cardiovascular pathophysiology. We report an acute right-sided flaccid hemiparesis in an 11-year-old boy with the severe neuronopathic phenotype of Hunter's syndrome who was receiving weekly idursulfase ERT. Due to his psychomotor regression and epilepsy, his presentation to the hospital was delayed. Computed tomography scan of brain showed no acute changes or hemorrhage. Stroke code was not called as patient was already outside of the time window for tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) therapy. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed diffuse cortical and deep atrophy consistent with his baseline neurological status and restricted diffusion in the territory of the left-middle cerebral artery (MCA) consistent with recent infarction. T1-weighted MRI revealed low signal intensity of the left insular cortex, as well as volume loss, consistent with previous undiagnosed stroke in the same vascular territory. In addition, MR angiogram (MRA) demonstrated left terminal M1 segment MCA occlusion. Echocardiogram showed aortic root dilation and moderate aortic valve insufficiency. Patient was also noted to have bacteremia related to port infection. ERT is limited by blood–brain barrier and the underlying glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) extracellular tissue accumulation which produces a proinflammatory state. GAG and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are known to activate toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4). GAGs released in the extracellular space of intracranial vessels induce inflammation by activating the TLR-4 pathway which is exacerbated by bacterial LPS contributing to focal arteritis. Our case suggests the importance of GAGs in the activation of the TLR-4 pathway as a cause of stroke in Hunter's syndrome.
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Popykin, A., N. Zhylmaganbetov, and A. Smirnova. "ABOUT THE REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE REGULATORY BODY TO ERROR ESTIMATION OF NEUTRONICS CALCULATIONS." PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. SERIES: NUCLEAR AND REACTOR CONSTANTS 2019, no. 2 (June 26, 2019): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.55176/2414-1038-2019-2-127-135.
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The article discusses the issues of determining the error of neutron-physical calculation taking into account its specificity, the features of the code implementation of various calculation methods and the requirements of regulatory documents in the field of atomic energy. According to the requirements of Russian regulatory documents, the design and safety analysis of nuclear facilities must be carried out on the basis of a conservative approach. A conservative approach is an approach to design and building of nuclear power plants (NPP), when by choosing values of parameters and characteristics of NPPs, NPP sites and (or) other methods, more unfavorable results are obtained during accident analyze of NPP. In order to implement the principle of conservatism in neutron-physical calculations, in addition to determining the desired quantity, it is necessary to determine the error in the calculation of this quantity. The safety of nuclear facilities is mainly analyzed through calculations using codes. Russian regulatory documents require codes to be verified and validated, the result of verification and validation is the certification passport of the code, which contains the errors calculated by the code values. They are established as a result of verification (validation) of the code. It is noted that it is necessary to take into account measurement errors in experiments, including those carried out at operating power units, for code verification. It is noted that in the Safety Guide RB-061-11, concerning the neutron-physical calculation, recommendations are given to determine the error, the article presents their analysis and synthesis.
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Pattison, Stephen, and Paul Wainwright. "Is the 2008 NMC Code ethical?" Nursing Ethics 17, no. 1 (January 2010): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733009349991.
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In 2008 the United Kingdom Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) published the latest version of its code of conduct (The code: standards of conduct, performance and ethics for nurses and midwives). The new version marked a significant change of style in the Code compared with previous versions. There has been considerable controversy and the accrual of an extensive body of literature over the years in the UK and Europe criticizing nursing codes of ethics and questioning their ethical standing and their usefulness. In this article we review the current NMC Code. We argue that the NMC has been misguided in labelling the Code as a code of ethics, and suggest that the new document falls short in many respects.
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Farrell, Francis. "“Learning to listen”: boys’ gender narratives – implications for theory and practice." Education + Training 58, no. 3 (March 14, 2016): 283–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/et-06-2015-0046.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to critically investigate year 6 and year 9 boys’ constructions of masculinity in the light of theories of inclusive masculinity and to consider the implications of the findings for critical masculinities scholarship in educational research. Design/methodology/approach – Qualitative data was collected through fieldwork in school settings consisting of observations and semi-structured interviews. Data analysis draws upon pro-feminist and post-structuralist theories of the gendered subject. Findings – The data shows some evidence of inclusive forms of masculinity expressed by the boys’ rejection of a “boy code” (Pollack, 1999) and their narratives of caring and emotional experience. However, discourses of dominant masculinity persist and continue to shape the boys’ subjectivities. The most striking finding is the capacity of the educational gender work programme reported on in this study to provide boys with the resources to problematise the social construction of masculinity. Research limitations/implications – The data suggests analysis in binary terms of inclusive or dominant masculinity fails to recognise the fuzzy educational middle ground occupied by the “overlooked ordinary boys” (Brown, 1987; Roberts, 2012) of this study. Practical implications – Educational gender work programmes which provide boys with the resources to question dominant masculine practices enable boys to exceed the “symbolic order” and trouble dominant gender discourse. Originality/value – In order to develop nuanced theory and practice researchers need to listen to boys’ accounts of their experiences. Analysis of boys gender work in terms of binary adult constructs of masculinity run the risk of perpetuating the essentialism they purport to avoid rather than producing studies which provide an empirically robust foundation for developing an effective practical educational agenda. In a neo-liberal policy context the role of gender equity programmes with the capacity to produce more reflexive masculine subjects requires reassertion within the curriculum.
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Nguyen, Tung Dong Cao, Hyunsuk Lee, Xianan Du, Vutheam Dos, Tuan Quoc Tran, and Deokjung Lee. "MACROSCOPIC CROSS SECTIONS GENERATION BY MONTE CARLO CODE MCS FOR FAST REACTOR ANALYSIS." EPJ Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 02007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124702007.
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Recent researches have become more interested in the feasibility of using Monte Carlo (MC) code to generate multi-group (MG) cross sections (XSs) for fast reactor analysis using nodal diffusion codes. The current study, therefore, presents a brief methodology for MG XSs generation by the in-house UNIST MC code MCS, which can be compatibly utilized in nodal diffusion codes, PARCS and RAST-K. The applicability of the methodology is quantified on the sodium fast reactor (SFR) ABR-1000 design with a metallic fuel from the OECD/NEA SRF benchmark. The few-group XSs generated by MCS with a two-dimensional (2D) fuel assembly geometry are well consistent with those of SERPENT 2. Furthermore, the simulation of beginning-of-cycle (BOC) steady-state three-dimensional (3D) whole-core problem with PARCS and RAST-K is conducted using the generated 24-group XSs by MCS. The nodal diffusion solutions, including the core keff, power profiles and various of reactivity parameters, are compared to reference whole-core results obtained by MC code MCS. Overall, the code-to-code comparison indicates a reasonable agreement between deterministic and stochastic codes, with the difference in keff less than 100 pcm and the root-mean-square (RMS) error in assembly power less than 1.15%. Therefore, it is successfully demonstrated that the employment of the MG XSs generation by MCS for nodal diffusion codes is feasible to accurately perform analyses for fast reactors.
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Jung, W. I., and O. Lutz. "Volume Selective NMR Spectroscopy by Coded Slice Excitation (CODEX)." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 43, no. 11 (November 1, 1988): 909–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1988-1101.
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Abstract A method for volume selective nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been developed and implemented on an 1.5 T whole body imager for in vivo investigations. Four single experiments produce different magnetizations in the same slice, and a special subtract scheme yields the signal of only the volume of interest, which is accurately defined. The resolution of the spectra and the stability of the method have been verified with a water phantom containing acetone, ethanol, methanol, and oil vessels.
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Spurzem, Rainer. "How to build and use special purpose PC clusters in stellar dynamics." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, no. 14 (August 2006): 426–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921307011209.
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Large scale, direct particle-particle, brute force N-body simulations are required to accurately resolve numerically transport processes of energy and angular momentum due to two-body relaxation, and interactions between supermassive black holes and other particles having a much smaller mass. Direct accurate N-body codes are the widely used tool for such simulations, e.g., NBODY4 or NBODY6 (Aarseth 1999, 2003), see also Harfst et al. (2007) for a less complex code variant, used for benchmarks in this paper. Makino (2002) has presented another direct N-body summation code, which is optimized for a quadratic layout of processor (p required to be a square number).
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He, Ai Dong, and Bang Yan Ye. "A Method of Three-Dimensional Modeling Based on Voxel Code." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 1312–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.1312.
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This article proposes a method of three-dimensional modeling based on voxel code, which can build three-dimensional model by means of cubic voxels and Voxel code. Voxel code is the one that records the formation of physical location of the voxels piled up in turn order in the body. The different Three-dimensional shape can be constructed according to different codes. In order to reduce the storage overhead of the code, the linear octree coding and decoding are given in recording voxel code. Combined with VTK (Visualization Toolkit) programming, some voxel models have been visualization. The modeling idea and method proposed in this paper have a positive significance for the promotion of the research and development of related science fields and have their theoretical and practical value.
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Safronova, U. I., A. S. Safronova, and P. Beiersdorfer. "Dielectronic recombination and satellite line spectra of highly charged tungsten ions1This article is part of a Special Issue on the 10th International Colloquium on Atomic Spectra and Oscillator Strengths for Astrophysical and Laboratory Plasmas." Canadian Journal of Physics 89, no. 5 (May 2011): 581–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p10-114.
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We present our recent progress on theoretical studies that involve auto-ionizing states of highly charged tungsten ions. Such auto-ionizing states have two channels for decay, which requires that both radiative and auto-ionization atomic data be calculated and combined in a detailed study of the dielectronic recombination (DR). Three atomic codes are used to produce relativistic atomic data (energy levels, radiative transition probabilities, and auto-ionization rates). These are the relativistic many-body perturbation theory (RMBPT) code, the multiconfiguration relativistic Hebrew University Lawrence Livermore atomic code (HULLAC), and the Hartree–Fock relativistic (Cowan) code. Branching ratios relative to the first threshold and intensity factors are calculated for satellite lines, and DR rate coefficients are determined for the excited states. The total DR rate coefficient is derived as a function of electron temperature, and it is shown that the contribution of the highly excited states is very important for the calculation of the total DR rates. Synthetic dielectronic satellite spectra are constructed, and the atomic properties specific to the relevant tungsten ions are highlighted. First, we will consider the results for Na-like tungsten (W63+) and Mg-like tungsten (W62+) using all three codes. Then, we move to even higher ionization states and present the results in Li-like W (W71+). For this we use the RMBPT code as well as the quasi-relativistic many-body perturbation theory (MZ) code. The inclusion of the DR process is essential for correct identification of the lines in impurity spectra and for understanding the main contributions to the total radiation losses.
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Balaž, Antun, Ivana Vidanović, Danica Stojiljković, Dušan Vudragović, Aleksandar Belić, and Aleksandar Bogojević. "SPEEDUP Code for Calculation of Transition Amplitudes via the Effective Action Approach." Communications in Computational Physics 11, no. 3 (March 2012): 739–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/cicp.131210.180411a.
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AbstractWe present Path Integral Monte Carlo C code for calculation of quantum mechanical transition amplitudes for 1D models. The SPEEDUP C code is based on the use of higher-order short-time effective actions and implemented to the maximal order p=18 in the time of propagation (Monte Carlo time step), which substantially improves the convergence of discretized amplitudes to their exact continuum values. Symbolic derivation of higher-order effective actions is implemented in SPEEDUP Mathematica codes, using the recursive Schrödinger equation approach. In addition to the general 1D quantum theory, developed Mathematica codes are capable of calculating effective actions for specific models, for general 2D and 3D potentials, as well as for a general many-body theory in arbitrary number of spatial dimensions.
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Ruan, Cheng-Zong, César Hernández-Aguayo, Baojiu Li, Christian Arnold, Carlton M. Baugh, Anatoly Klypin, and Francisco Prada. "Fast full N-body simulations of generic modified gravity: conformal coupling models." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2022, no. 05 (May 1, 2022): 018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2022/05/018.
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Abstract We present mg-glam, a code developed for the very fast production of full N-body cosmological simulations in modified gravity (MG) models. We describe the implementation, numerical tests and first results of a large suite of cosmological simulations for three classes of MG models with conformal coupling terms: the f(R) gravity, symmetron and coupled quintessence models. Derived from the parallel particle-mesh code glam, mg-glam incorporates an efficient multigrid relaxation technique to solve the characteristic nonlinear partial differential equations of these models. For f(R) gravity, we have included new variants to diversify the model behaviour, and we have tailored the relaxation algorithms to these to maintain high computational efficiency. In a companion paper, we describe versions of this code developed for derivative coupling MG models, including the Vainshtein- and K-mouflage-type models. mg-glam can model the prototypes for most MG models of interest, and is broad and versatile. The code is highly optimised, with a tremendous speedup of a factor of more than a hundred compared with earlier N-body codes, while still giving accurate predictions of the matter power spectrum and dark matter halo abundance. mg-glam is ideal for the generation of large numbers of MG simulations that can be used in the construction of mock galaxy catalogues and the production of accurate emulators for ongoing and future galaxy surveys.
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Magalhães, Marcelo José Silva de, Mariano Socolovsky, Mariana Mendes Araújo, Mariana Oliveira Silva, Mayallu Almeida Mendes, Pedro Augusto Costa, and Telma Soares Santos. "Epidemiology and Estimated Cost of Brachial Plexus Surgeries Performed through the Unified Health System in Brazil (2008–2016)." Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia: Brazilian Neurosurgery 39, no. 04 (December 13, 2017): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1613713.
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Abstract Introduction The brachial plexus is responsible for the innervation of the upper extremity of the body. About 10 to 20% of the peripheral nerve lesions are brachial plexus lesions. Objective To describe the epidemiology of the brachial plexus microsurgery with exploration and neurolysis (BPMEN) and the brachial plexus microsurgery with nerve graft (BPMNG) performed through the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS, in the Portuguese acronym) from 2008 to 2016. Methodology A descriptive epidemiological study whose data were obtained from the Department of Informatics of the SUS (Datasus, in the Portuguese acronym). The study consisted of all patients submitted to BPMEN (code: 0403020034) and to BPMNG (code: 0403020042). Result/Discussion A total of 5,295 procedures were performed with an annual incidence of 2.94/1 million inhabitants. The hospital expenses of these 2 codes totaled R$ 4,492,603.88 (US$ 1,417,225.10). The BPMNG code presented an annual average of expenses with professional services of R$ 99,732.20 (US$ 31,461.26), and total expenses of R$ 897,589.83 (US$ 283,151.36). The amount transferred to the physician in this code in 2008 was R$ 294.56 (US$ 92.92), and currently it is R$ 441.84 (US$ 139.38). The BPMEN code presented an annual average of expenses of R$ 68,579.15 (US$ 21,633.80), with total expenses of R$ 617,212.40 (US$ 194,704.22). The amount transferred to the physician in this code in 2008 was R$ 153.44 (US$ 48.40), and currently it is R$ 230.16 (US$72.60). Both codes presented a lag in the transfer values to the physician that ranged from 16.55 to 17.64% when using the Brazilian national price index for the general consumer (IPCA, in the Portuguese acronym) as an inflation parameter during the period studied. The mean number of hospitalization days for these 2 codes was 3.79. Conclusion The absence of deaths and the low rate of hospital stay confirm that the procedure is safe, with a low morbimortality rate. Both codes presented a lag in the transfer values to the physician at the end of the period.