Journal articles: 'Bowen Island'

1

Thomas, William K., and Andrew T. Beckenbach. "Mitochondrial DNA restriction site variation in the Townsend's vole, Microtus townsendii." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 12 (December 1, 1986): 2750–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-399.

Full text

Abstract:

The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the Townsend's vole, Microtus townsendii, was compared with mouse mtDNA by positioning vole restriction enzyme fragments on the known laboratory mouse mtDNA molecule by homology hybridization. The vole mitochondrial genome is conserved in general sequence organization and size but does contain a nonhomologous region of more than 600 base pairs not found in the mouse sequence. Thirty-five voles were collected from seven different localities throughout the range of the species, including insular populations on Bowen and Vancouver islands. The variation of vole mtDNA sequences within this species was assayed with six hexameric and four tetrameric type II restriction endonucleases. These individuals can be divided into seven distinct maternal lines. The level of nucleotide substitution between populations is shown to be as high as 0.896 ± 0.350%. The voles from Bowen Island showed no detectable variation within their population, or divergence from a mainland population on the adjacent coast. This fact suggests a recent colonization of Bowen Island. The samples from Vancouver Island fall into two major maternal lines, which show 0.453 ± 0.240% divergence. These insular maternal lines are 0.677 ± 0.257% divergent from the most closely related mainland population. These results suggest that the voles on Vancouver Island represent long-established maternal lines, and are not derived by a recent colonization from a mainland source population. Based on conservative estimates for rates of nucleotide substitution, Vancouver Island has been inhabited by the Townsend's vole since at least the Olympic interglacial.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Benson, Iain T. "Applying Distributist Principles on Bowen Island." Chesterton Review 18, no. 3 (1992): 462–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/chesterton199218388.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Krutein, Klaas Fiete, Jennifer McGowan, and Anne Goodchild. "Evacuating isolated islands with marine resources: A Bowen Island case study." International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 72 (April 2022): 102865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.102865.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Ellery, Michael. "5 (2015) The Naming of Bowen Island." Mariner's Mirror 101, no. 4 (October 2, 2015): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00253359.2015.1085712.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Friedman, R. M., J. W. H. Monger, and H. W. Tipper. "Age of the Bowen Island Group, southwestern Coast Mountains, British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 27, no. 11 (November 1, 1990): 1456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e90-154.

Full text

Abstract:

A new U–Pb date of [Formula: see text] for foliated felsic metavolcanic rocks of the Bowen Island Group, from Mount Elphinstone in the southwesternmost Coast Mountains of British Columbia, indicates that there the age of this hitherto undated unit is early Middle Jurassic. These rocks grade along strike to the north-northwest into a more sedimentary facies, which north of Jervis Inlet contains a probable Sinemurian (Lower Jurassic) ammonite. The Bowen Island Group thus appears to include Lower and Middle Jurassic rocks and to be coeval in part with volcanic rocks of the Bonanza Formation on Vancouver Island to the west and the Harrison Lake Formation within the central Coast Mountains 75 km to the east.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Hoy, D., G. Rosenbaum, N. Mortimer, and U. Shaanan. "Hunter–Bowen deformation in South Percy Island, northeastern Australia." Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 65, no. 2 (February 15, 2018): 175–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2018.1419506.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Meek, Paul, Richard Hawksby, Athol Ardler, Matt Hudson, and Kersten Tuckey. "Eradication of Black RatsRattus rattusL. from Bowen Island, Jervis Bay NSW." Australian Zoologist 35, no. 3 (January 2011): 560–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/az.2011.008.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Oleson, K. W., G. B. Bonan, J. Feddema, and M. Vertenstein. "An Urban Parameterization for a Global Climate Model. Part II: Sensitivity to Input Parameters and the Simulated Urban Heat Island in Offline Simulations." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 47, no. 4 (April 1, 2008): 1061–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jamc1598.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In a companion paper, the authors presented a formulation and evaluation of an urban parameterization designed to represent the urban energy balance in the Community Land Model. Here the robustness of the model is tested through sensitivity studies and the model’s ability to simulate urban heat islands in different environments is evaluated. Findings show that heat storage and sensible heat flux are most sensitive to uncertainties in the input parameters within the atmospheric and surface conditions considered here. The sensitivity studies suggest that attention should be paid not only to characterizing accurately the structure of the urban area (e.g., height-to-width ratio) but also to ensuring that the input data reflect the thermal admittance properties of each of the city surfaces. Simulations of the urban heat island show that the urban model is able to capture typical observed characteristics of urban climates qualitatively. In particular, the model produces a significant heat island that increases with height-to-width ratio. In urban areas, daily minimum temperatures increase more than daily maximum temperatures, resulting in a reduced diurnal temperature range relative to equivalent rural environments. The magnitude and timing of the heat island vary tremendously depending on the prevailing meteorological conditions and the characteristics of surrounding rural environments. The model also correctly increases the Bowen ratio and canopy air temperatures of urban systems as impervious fraction increases. In general, these findings are in agreement with those observed for real urban ecosystems. Thus, the model appears to be a useful tool for examining the nature of the urban climate within the framework of global climate models.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Harington, C. R., R. LM Ross, R. W. Mathewes, K. M. Stewart, and O. Beattie. "A late Pleistocene Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) from Courtenay, British Columbia: its death, associated biota, and paleoenvironment." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 41, no. 11 (November 1, 2004): 1285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e04-061.

Full text

Abstract:

A partial juvenile Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) skeleton from nearshore marine sands at Courtenay, Vancouver Island, British Columbia has been radiocarbon dated to 12 570 ± 70 BP. This date is supported by both stratigraphic and regional sea-level emergence data and is similar to radiocarbon dates on a Steller sea lion humerus from Bowen Island, just north of Vancouver. The juvenile apparently died from a blow to the braincase, most likely caused by a Steller sea lion bull. The Courtenay specimen is significant since very few Pleistocene otariid fossils are complete enough to be assigned to modern taxa. Associated mollusk remains indicate that the marine paleoclimate of the fossil locality was considerably colder than now — close to that along the northern reaches of Cook Inlet and Prince William Sound, Alaska. Pollen and plant macrofossils collected from the Courtenay site clearly demonstrate the presence of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) forests nearby during this early late-glacial interval. Fish remains (mainly Pacific cod and walleye pollock, with some salmon) from this site probably reflect selection by adult sea lions at a rookery.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Parlow, E. "The urban heat budget derived from satellite data." Geographica Helvetica 58, no. 2 (June 30, 2003): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-58-99-2003.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. The study of the interactions between urban surfaces and the urban boundary layer plays an important role in urban climatology, especially seen against the background of increasing urbanisation in most parts of the world. Measurements of radiation and heat fluxes suffer from the extreme heterogeneity of the urban landscape. It is therefore difficult to get accurate and representative measurements. To bridge the gap between accurate point measurements and their spatial representation, satellite data from Landsat-TM are used. Methods and results of the investigation of radiation properties, net radiation and heat fluxes of urban areas in the Basel Region, NW-Switzerland are presented. In addition to field measurements, satellite data from Landsat-TM were linked to numerical models to compute net radiation and heat fluxes of the whole region. By integrating the normalized difference Vegetation index (NDVI) from multi-spectral satellite data, storage heat fluxes could be estimated with high accuracy. The next step was to compute latent and sensible heat fluxes by using a Bowen-ratio approach attributed to a land use Classification. Of interest is the Observation that the idea of an «Urban Heat Island» (UHI) has to be defined very carefully. Very often an «Urban Cooling Island» may be found during daytime and under clear sky conditions. This feature could be explained using the results of the satellite based radiation and heat budget analysis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Osborne, W. S., and N. A. McElhinney. "Status, habitat and preliminary observations on calling of the Green and Golden Bell FrogLitoria aureaon Bowen Island, Jervis Bay National Park." Australian Zoologist 30, no. 2 (May 1996): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/az.1996.015.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Muir, Wal. "2008 Production and development highlights." APPEA Journal 49, no. 1 (2009): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj08036.

Full text

Abstract:

Australian petroleum production reached record levels during 2008 due mainly to continued growth in gas production, particularly from coal seam gas in Queensland. Coal seam gas (CSG) has provided a major fillip to gas production in the east of the country, with four LNG projects slated for Curtin Island off Gladstone, and the Surat/Bowen Basin supplanting the Cooper Basin in gas production for the first time. Three new projects were brought on stream in the Carnarvon Basin, offsetting the projected natural decline of oil production in that basin. The pipeline of committed and planned projects continues to rise, with a number of major projects in the Carnarvon Basin moving closer to fruition and the Browse Basin likely to join the Carnarvon as a major LNG producer in the medium term. The impact of the global financial crisis, with a large number of countries which take Australia’s energy production in recession, is still being assessed. It appears that there may be a softening in costs, although the trends were not yet clear at year’s end.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Ligęza, Adrian. "„Wyspa doktora Moreau” Herberta George’a Wellsa – rewizja tropów mitologicznych." Tematy i Konteksty 12, no. 17 (2022): 330–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/tik.2022.22.

Full text

Abstract:

This article puts forward a reinterpretation of the presence of mythological tropes in H. G. Wells’s, “The Island of Doctor Moreau”. Once the various contexts within which the novel tends to be read have been presented, attention is drawn to the interpretative approaches adopted by literary critics, such as Bergonzi, Bowen, Hayes, to name but a few, who search for connections between the author’s chosen text and myths. Among the cited interpretations, we will find references to, among others, Circe, Comus and Prometheus. Availing himself of the research methodology adopted by John White and Marie Miguet-Ollagnier, the author identifies the sections where allusions to the myths pertaining to Daedalus and Dionysus are to be most frequently encountered. At the same time, the author expands on the findings of previous research by highlighting newly-found mythological motifs. In his conclusion, the author of this article highlights the need for Wells’s work to be now read against the background of the mythological allusions which he has identified as being present in the world of this novel.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

SOMARAKIS, STYLIANOS, MARIA GIANNOULAKI, KONSTANTINOS MARKAKIS, KOSTAS TSIARAS, EUDOXIA SCHISMENOU, and PANAGIOTA PERISTERAKI. "Ovarian dynamics, batch fecundity and spawning phenology of the lessepsian migrant Etrumeus golanii DiBattista, Randall & Bowen, 2012 (Clupeidae: Dussumieriinae)." Mediterranean Marine Science 22, no. 3 (September 2, 2021): 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.27099.

Full text

Abstract:

The Golani’s round herring Etrumeus golanii is an Erythraean small pelagic fish (lessepsian migrant) that entered into the Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal. It has expanded its distribution from the east to the western Mediterranean with well-established local populations. We investigated basic aspects of its reproductive biology off the island of Crete (eastern Mediterranean) using ovarian histology and analysis of oocyte size-frequency distributions. The species exhibited a protracted breeding period (winter to early summer), with all ovaries examined during the main spawning season having markers of recent (postovulatory follicles, POFs) or imminent spawning (advanced oocyte batch in germinal vesicle migration or hydration). The advanced batch (AB) increased rapidly in size and was fully separated from the remainder, less developed oocytes in 95% of females with “old” POFs (POFs with signs of degeneration) and all females in final maturation. The growth of the subsequent batch (SB) was arrested at sizes <630 µm until full maturation of the AB. Mean diameter of hydrated oocytes ranged from 1181 to 1325 µm and relative batch fecundity was low ranging from 56 to 157 eggs g-1. The simulation of a coupled hydrodynamic/biogeochemical model (POM/ERSEM) provided evidence that E. golanii takes advantage of the seasonal cycle of planktonic production to reproduce and exhibits monthly changes in batch fecundity that appear to be closely related with the seasonal cycle of mesozooplankton concentration.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Nikolouzakis, Taxiarchis Konstantinos, Luca Falzone, Konstantinos Lasithiotakis, Sabine Krüger-Krasagakis, Alexandra Kalogeraki, Maria Sifaki, Demetrios A. Spandidos, Emmanuel Chrysos, Aristidis Tsatsakis, and John Tsiaoussis. "Current and Future Trends in Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Predictive Purposes in Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 9 (September 4, 2020): 2868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092868.

Full text

Abstract:

Skin cancer represents the most common type of cancer among Caucasians and presents in two main forms: melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). NMSC is an umbrella term, under which basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) are found along with the pre-neoplastic lesions, Bowen disease (BD) and actinic keratosis (AK). Due to the mild nature of the majority of NMSC cases, research regarding their biology has attracted much less attention. Nonetheless, NMSC can bear unfavorable characteristics for the patient, such as invasiveness, local recurrence and distant metastases. In addition, late diagnosis is relatively common for a number of cases of NMSC due to the inability to recognize such cases. Recognizing the need for clinically and economically efficient modes of diagnosis, staging, and prognosis, the present review discusses the main etiological and pathological features of NMSC as well as the new and promising molecular biomarkers available including telomere length (TL), telomerase activity (TA), CpG island methylation (CIM), histone methylation and acetylation, microRNAs (miRNAs), and micronuclei frequency (MNf). The evaluation of all these aspects is important for the correct management of NMSC; therefore, the current review aims to assist future studies interested in exploring the diagnostic and prognostic potential of molecular biomarkers for these entities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Agathangelidis, Ilias, Constantinos Cartalis, and Mat Santamouris. "Integrating Urban Form, Function, and Energy Fluxes in a Heat Exposure Indicator in View of Intra-Urban Heat Island Assessment and Climate Change Adaptation." Climate 7, no. 6 (May 28, 2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli7060075.

Full text

Abstract:

Cities worldwide are getting warmer due to the combined effects of urban heat and climate change. To this end, local policy makers need to identify the most thermally vulnerable areas within cities. The Local Climate Zone (LCZ) scheme highlights local-scale variations; however, its classes, although highly valuable, are to a certain extent generalized in order to be universally applicable. High spatial resolution indicators have the potential to better reflect city-specific challenges; in this paper, the Urban Heat Exposure (UHeatEx) indicator is developed, integrating the physical processes that drive the urban heat island (UHI). In particular, the urban form is modeled using remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) techniques, and used to estimate the canyon aspect ratio and the storage heat flux. The Bowen ratio is calculated using the aerodynamic resistance methodology and downscaled remotely sensed surface temperatures. The anthropogenic heat flux is estimated via a synergy of top–down and bottom–up inventory approaches. UHeatEx is applied to the city of Athens, Greece; it is correlated to air temperature measurements and compared to the LCZs classification. The results reveal that UHeatEx has the capacity to better reflect the strong intra-urban variability of the thermal environment in Athens, and thus can be supportive for adaptation responses. High-resolution climate projections from the EURO-CORDEX ensemble for the region show that the adverse effects of the existing thermal inequity are expected to worsen in the coming decades.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Quinn, Matthew. "Carbon capture and storage: a review of Australian projects." APPEA Journal 62, no. 1 (May 13, 2022): 334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj21161.

Full text

Abstract:

Within Australia, carbon capture and storage (CCS) and carbon capture, utilisation and storage will play a significant role as part of an ‘all of the above’ approach to managing greenhouse gas emissions. Two CCS projects are currently operating: Gorgon and the Otway CCS project. The Gorgon and Jansz-Io fields contain approximately 14% carbon dioxide (CO2). The CO2 is brought to shore at Barrow Island and injected into the Dupuy Formation saline aquifer at a depth of 2500 m. While the project has experienced delays with start-up and operational issues, to July 2021 nearly 5 MMt of CO2 had been injected. The Otway CCS Project is a research facility used to study subsurface CO2 storage and behaviour within saline aquifers and depleted reservoirs. Since the start of the project in 2007 a total of 95 000 t of CO2 has been stored. Final Investment Decision was taken for the Moomba CCS project on 1 November 2021 and for the Leigh Creek Urea project in March 2021. In addition, feasibility studies are being carried out across multiple projects within Australia including the South West and Mid-West Projects in the Perth Basin, CarbonNet in Victoria’s Latrobe Valley and Gippsland Basin and the Moonie oil field EOR, Integrated Surat Basin Project and the ATP 2062-P Buckland Basalt projects in the Bowen-Surat Basin. A CCS hub at Bayu-Undan is being assessed as a possible option to reduce the carbon footprint of the Barossa, Caldita and Evans Shoals projects, and feasibility studies are underway into large-scale multi-user CCS hubs near both Darwin and Karratha.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Li, Riyi, Yufeng Zhang, Chongyun Huang, and Chundian He. "A field study on Ground Energy Balance calculation for typical communities in South China." E3S Web of Conferences 172 (2020): 25003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017225003.

Full text

Abstract:

Urban heat island (UHI) greatly influences human health, comfort and building energy. The ground temperature plays an important role in understanding UHI, and the method based on the ground energy balance (GEB) is fundamental in the predictions of urban ground temperature and UHI. South China is fast developed and highly urbanized, with special humid subtropical climate and particular urban design characteristics. Although amounts of methods or formulas have been previously proposed for urban GEB calculation, few of them has been testified in field in South China. In this study, two typical urban communities in South China in the aligned and enclosed layout were measured during the summer sunny days in Aug. 2017, with the focus on incident solar radiation, sensible heat, and latent heat of the ground. The measured data were compared with the calculated ones by various methods. The results show that the two calculation methods, i.e., with and without reflections, showed comparable performances (difference on RMSE 3-13 W/m2) in the prediction of solar radiation incident into the community ground. The previously proposed formulas performed poorly in the prediction of surface convective heat transfer coefficient for the community hard pavement, and the power function regressed by using the measuring data performed well, with the air speed at the reference height of 0.13 m as variable and R2 of 0.74. The Bowen ratio method performed better in the prediction of latent heat for the community permeable sidewalk, with RMSE of 156 W/m2 and the consistency index of 0.93. This study provides the field evidences and reliable methods for urban GEB calculation, and potentially contributes to the UHI prediction and mitigation in South China.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Little, Michael. "Remote ops: a new way of delivering traditional field operations." APPEA Journal 56, no. 2 (2016): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj15078.

Full text

Abstract:

Santos GLNG is a joint venture that supplies clean energy to global markets. The business produces natural gas from Queensland’s coal seams in the Bowen and Surat basins and converts it to liquefied natural gas (LNG) at its new facility on Curtis Island, near Gladstone, prior to export. From its inception, Santos GLNG has been committed to minimal impact and maximum efficiency, with safety before all else. Delivering on this commitment, in the context of a vast geographic footprint, required innovation—a new way of delivering traditional field operations. As a result, Santos GLNG successfully developed a high-tech $10 million operations centre that delivers the ability to centrally monitor the production and progress of its assets in the gas fields in real-time, 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Located in Brisbane (more than 450 km away from the gas fields), the centre comprises 90 large screens, one of the world’s largest touch screens, six simultaneous video conferencing facilities, and 30 km of wiring. Key benefits include: Real-time monitoring of the performance and production of all assets in the field, including compressors, pumps, wells, flow lines, pressure vessels, and pipelines. Remote start-up or shut-down capacity, which ensures facilities operate to the highest standards of production. Virtual collaboration and knowledge sharing across multiple sites and assets through the latest teleconference and video conferencing technology. In 2015, the operations centre successfully took control of a range of newly commissioned assets. Most notably, this included Santos GLNG’s three new major compression hubs, which together at nameplate capacity will be able to process 555 terajoules of gas per day.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Audet, P., S. Arnold, A. M. Lechner, and T. Baumgartl. "Site-specific climate analysis elucidates revegetation challenges for post-mining landscapes in eastern Australia." Biogeosciences 10, no. 10 (October 15, 2013): 6545–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6545-2013.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. In eastern Australia, the availability of water is critical for the successful rehabilitation of post-mining landscapes and climatic characteristics of this diverse geographical region are closely defined by factors such as erratic rainfall and periods of drought and flooding. Despite this, specific metrics of climate patterning are seldom incorporated into the initial design of current post-mining land rehabilitation strategies. Our study proposes that a few common rainfall parameters can be combined and rated using arbitrary rainfall thresholds to characterise bioregional climate sensitivity relevant to the rehabilitation these landscapes. This approach included assessments of annual rainfall depth, average recurrence interval of prolonged low intensity rainfall, average recurrence intervals of short or prolonged high intensity events, median period without rain (or water-deficit) and standard deviation for this period in order to address climatic factors such as total water availability, seasonality and intensity – which were selected as potential proxies of both short- and long-term biological sensitivity to climate within the context of post-disturbance ecological development and recovery. Following our survey of available climate data, we derived site "climate sensitivity" indexes and compared the performance of 9 ongoing mine sites: Weipa, Mt. Isa and Cloncurry, Eromanga, Kidston, the Bowen Basin (Curragh), Tarong, North Stradbroke Island, and the Newnes Plateau. The sites were then ranked from most-to-least sensitive and compared with natural bioregional patterns of vegetation density using mean NDVI. It was determined that regular rainfall and relatively short periods of water-deficit were key characteristics of sites having less sensitivity to climate – as found among the relatively more temperate inland mining locations. Whereas, high rainfall variability, frequently occurring high intensity events, and (or) prolonged seasonal drought were primary indicators of sites having greater sensitivity to climate – as found among the semi-arid central-inland sites. Overall, the manner in which these climatic factors are identified and ultimately addressed by land managers and rehabilitation practitioners could be a key determinant of achievable success at given locations at the planning stages of rehabilitation design.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Skeldal, Sune, Annelise Krogdahl, Jens Ahm Sørensen, Peter A. Andreasen, and Shan Gao. "CpG methylation of the PAI-1 gene 5’-flanking region is inversely correlated with PAI-1 mRNA levels in human cell lines." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 94, no. 09 (2005): 651–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th05-02-0114.

Full text

Abstract:

SummaryThe physiological and pathophysiological functions of PAI-1 are related to its expression by specific cell types in normal and diseased tissues. We analysed the contribution of DNA methylation to the variation in PAI-1 mRNA levels in five cell lines. We found varying frequencies of methylation of 25 CpGs in the -805/+152 region of the PAI-1 gene in Bowes, MCF-7 and U937 cells, while little or no methylation was detected in Hep2 and HT-1080 cells. The methylation frequency was inversely correlated with PAI-1 mRNA level within its 20-fold range in Bowes, MCF-7,U937,and Hep2 cells, while the lack of methylation in both Hep2 and HT- 1080 cells suggested another mechanism behind the 150-fold higher level in HT-1080 cells than in Hep2 cells. However, all cell lines exhibited a high frequency of methylation of 10 CpGs in a CpG island at about -1800. Treatment with 5-aza-2‘-deoxycytidine led up to circa a 40-fold increase in the PAI-1 mRNA level and a strong decrease in the frequency of methylation in the -805/+152 region in Bowes, MCF-7 and U937. The histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A induced a several fold increase of the PAI-1 mRNA level in cells with a high methylation frequency of the -805/+152 region. As compared with matched normal tissue, three samples of oral squamous cell carcinomas displayed decreased frequencies of methylation of the PAI-1 5' flanking region and increased levels of PAI-1 mRNA. These results for the first time implicate DNA methylation and histone acetylation in regulation of the PAI-1 gene, and indicate that without proper CpG islands in 5’-flanking region, trancription may be regulated by methylation of less dense CpGs in the 5’-flanking region rather than methylation of upstream CpG island.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Donovan, Stephen K. "Professor Ron K. Pickerill and the genesis of ichnology in the Antilles (Jamaica and Carriacou)." Atlantic Geology 51, no. 1 (September 7, 2015): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.4138/atlgeol.2015.012.

Full text

Abstract:

Antillean ichnology was essentially a blank book when Ron Pickerill of the University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, made his first research visit to Jamaica in February 1990. Ron’s first Jamaican trace-fossil research team worked initially on the Paleogene Richmond Formation, a flysch succession. Subsequent fieldwork examined the diverse sedimentary formations of the Neogene Coastal Group. Ron’s encyclopaedic knowledge of ichnotaxonomy and his enthusiasm for fieldwork led the team in many directions. Investigations were integrated with new studies of the island’s sedimentology and paleontology. For example, the description of the ichnology and sedimentology of the Upper Pliocene Bowden Formation, including the internationally famous Bowden shell bed, was part of a much wider study. The case-hardened rocks of the White Limestone Group discouraged detailed study until Donovan Blissett attacked the diverse ichnobiota of these user-unfriendly rocks for his doctorate under Ron’s supervision at the University of New Brunswick. Carriacou in the Grenadines was the other island to receive detailed examination in terms of its ichnofauna by Ron and his co-workers. The east coast of this small island provides a near-continuous exposure of the deep water succession of the Grand Bay Formation. Deeper-water burrows and borings in allochthonous bioclasts derived from the shallow shelf provide ichnological contrast in this formation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Ramji, Ashwath Narayan. "Isolated vulvo-vaginal Crohn’s disease: case report of the rare entity." International Surgery Journal 6, no. 4 (March 26, 2019): 1400. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20191287.

Full text

Abstract:

The vulva is a rare site for extra-intestinal manifestation of Crohn’s disease, and is usually a late feature of severe, fulminant, unrelenting disease. These islands of granulomatous tissue in the female genitalia are considered “metastatic” deposits as they are separated from the intestinal lesions by healthy tissue. Very rarely, Crohn’s disease may manifest first in an extra-intestinal site, without any bowel lesions. In extremely rare cases, the genitalia is the site of isolated primary Crohn’s disease and serves as a harbinger for bowel lesions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Triantaphyllou, M. V., V. Karakitsios, and D. Mantzouka. "CALCAREOUS NANNOFOSSIL BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE BASAL PART OF VIGLA SHALE MEMBER (IONIAN ZONE) IN ITHAKI ISLAND; PRELIMINARY RESULTS." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 39, no. 1 (September 10, 2006): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.18450.

Full text

Abstract:

The calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy, performed at the basal part of the Vigla Shale Member (Frygano section, Ithakl Island), permits its biostratigraphic correlation with the uppermost part of BC21 biozone (Bown et al., 1998) and the upper part of NC7 biozone (Roth, 1978), which chronostratigraphically point to Late Aptian. This result reinforces the hypothesis that the deposition of Vigla Shales is isochronous in the Ionian zone.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Östblom, Anna, Ingegerd Adlerberth, Agnes E. Wold, and Forough L. Nowrouzian. "Pathogenicity Island Markers, Virulence DeterminantsmalXandusp, and the Capacity ofEscherichia coliTo Persist in Infants' Commensal Microbiotas." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, no. 7 (February 11, 2011): 2303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02405-10.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTVirulence-associated genes in bacteria are often located on chromosomal regions, termed pathogenicity islands (PAIs). Several PAIs are found inEscherichia colistrains that cause extraintestinal infections, but their role in commensal bowel colonization is unknown. Resident strains are enriched in adhesins (P fimbriae and type 1 fimbriae), capsular antigens (K1 and K5), hemolysin, and aerobactin and mostly belong to phylogenetic group B2. Here, we investigated whether six pathogenicity islands and the virulence determinantsmalXanduspare associated with fitness ofE. coliin the infant bowel microbiota.E. colistrains isolated from stools of 130 Swedish infants during the first year of life were examined for their carriage of PAI markers,malX, anduspby PCR. Carriage was related to strain persistence: long-term colonizers (≥12 months) carried significantly more of PAI II from strain CFT703 (IICFT703), IV536,and IIJ96andmalXanduspthan intermediate colonizers (1 to 11 months) and transient strains (<3 weeks). The accumulation of PAI markers in each individual strain correlated positively with its time of persistence in the colon. Phylogenetic group B2 accounted for 69% of long-term colonizers, 46% of intermediate colonizers and 14% of transient strains. These results support the hypothesis that some bacterial traits contributing to extraintestinal infections have in fact evolved primarily because they increase the fitness ofE. coliin its natural niche, the colon; accordingly, they may be regarded as fitness islands in the gut.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Olaru, Alexandru V., Yulan Cheng, Rachana Agarwal, Jian Yang, Stefan David, John M. Abraham, Wayne Yu, et al. "Unique patterns of CpG island methylation in inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancers." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 18, no. 4 (April 2012): 641–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ibd.21826.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Tsoucalas, Gregory, Konstantinos Laios, George Zografos, Georges Androutsos, and Marianna Karamanou. "Praxagoras of Cos (4th Century BC) and His Innovative Method of a Diverting Enterocutaneous Fistula to Relieve Small Bowel Obstruction." Surgical Innovation 26, no. 4 (March 27, 2019): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1553350619834836.

Full text

Abstract:

Born in an island with huge medical tradition in ancient Greece, Praxagoras of Cos became an esteemed medico-philosopher and surgeon. The evolution made by the Hippocratic School of Medicine further boosted his talent and helped him perform surgical operations, which were believed impossible for his era. Praxagoras introduced an innovative surgical technique to confront small bowel obstruction, by creating an enterocutaneous fistula. This historical review connects all available data to present the life and work of an important medical figure of the ancient Hellenic School.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Sadd, Matthew James, Salvatore De Angelis, Shizhao Xiong, Jacob R. Bowen, and Aleksandar Matic. "Microstructural Evolution Revealed By Operando X-Ray Tomographic Microscopy in Next Generation Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 56 (October 9, 2022): 2149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02562149mtgabs.

Full text

Abstract:

Sulfur conversion chemistry boasts a high theoretical specific capacity of 1672 mAh/gs and promises to deliver a high-energy density battery when combined with a lithium metal anode (3862 mAh/gLi). The use of such chemistries has the additional benefits of utilizing abundant and low cost materials in the cathode, i.e. carbon and sulfur.[1] Despite clear advantages, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries still face a low practical energy density, poor rate performance, and limited cycling life. These issues are a result of the complex conversion chemistry of the cathode, and the stripping/plating mechanism of the Li-metal anode. These processes include the dissolution and diffusion of polysulfide species through the cell’s electrolyte from the cathode resulting in capacity fade, in addition to the growth of dendritic structures from the anode causing the formation of ‘dead lithium’ and short circuiting of the battery. A plethora of strategies have been developed to address the issues posed by the soluble polysulfide species, from using additives to prevent polysulfide shuttling, to encapsulation of sulfur to prevent its dissolution. While to address the growth of Li-dendrites, electrolyte formulations and the use of interlayer materials have been investigated. When developing these strategies, a detailed understanding of the conversion chemistry and Li-metal plating/stripping mechanisms during cycling is required. This can be obtained by e.g. the use of Raman spectroscopy to probe chemical changes to electrolytes and observe polysulfide speciation,[2] or using phase-field modelling to investigate factors that influence the growth mechanisms of Li-metal during plating.[3] In addition, sulfur dissolution and Li-metal dendrite growth induce microstructural changes that need to be probed using techniques with an appropriate resolution and field-of-view, e.g. synchrotron x-ray tomographic microscopy (XTM), which is capable of micrometre resolution, a near millimetre wide field of view, and measurement times of less than 60 seconds. This allows synchrotron XTM to continuously probe microstructural changes during battery operation, giving quantitative insights into the complex electrochemical mechanisms of the sulfur cathode and Li-metal anode. In this contribution we address the conversion processes of sulfur and its relation in limiting the battery’s practical specific capacity by using a capillary cell type battery, placing the entire cathode within the field of view of the XTM measurement. This enables quantification of the sulfur phase and correlative analysis with simultaneously acquired electrochemical data.[4] We demonstrate the full dissolution of elemental sulfur, with further conversion of sulfur species occurring immediately, and that an efficient diffusion of dissolved polysulfide species through and from the cathode is crucial to achieve a high specific capacity of Li-S cells in practice. Furthermore, we find that in the final step of cell discharge, a uniform and porous Li2S layer is formed on the cathode surface, effectively limiting access to the carbon surface and preventing further polysulfide conversion. We also demonstrate XTM as a unique technique to follow the growth of Li-metal microstructures in real time showing the difference in growth mechanisms when using different electrolyte compositions and under different cycling conditions. We observed change in the growth mechanisms of Li-metal. from homogenous mossy growth of Li-metal, to island dendritic growth and the formation of dead Li, to the growth of a globular phase, showing a changes in the fundamental process of Li-metal growth. [1] M. Agostini, J.Y. Hwang, H.M. Kim, P. Bruni, S. Brutti, F. Croce, A. Matic, Y.K. Sun, Adv. Energy Mater. 8 (2018) 1–7. [2] M. Sadd, M. Agostini, S. Xiong, A. Matic, ChemPhysChem 23 (2022). [3] Y. Liu, X. Xu, M. Sadd, O.O. Kapitanova, V.A. Krivchenko, J. Ban, J. Wang, X. Jiao, Z. Song, J. Song, S. Xiong, A. Matic, Adv. Sci. 2003301 (2021) 1–11. [4] M. Sadd, S. De Angelis, S. Colding‐Jørgensen, D. Blanchard, R.E. Johnsen, S. Sanna, E. Borisova, A. Matic, J.R. Bowen, Adv. Energy Mater. 2103126 (2022) 2103126.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Gottschalk, Alexander. "Commentary on “Is biochemical response more important than duration of neoadjuvant hormone therapy before radiotherapy for clinically localized prostate cancer? An analysis of the 3- vs. 8-month randomized trial”. Alexander A, Crook J, Jones S, Malone S, Bowen J, Truong P, Pai H, Ludgate C, Radiation Therapy Program, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver Island Centre, University of British Columbia, Victoria, BC, Canada." Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations 29, no. 1 (January 2011): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2010.08.013.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Midjord, J. M. M., A. G. Vang, T. Hammer, J. Burisch, and K. R. Nielsen. "DOP44 Cancer risk in a high-incidence inflammatory bowel disease population: a Faroese IBD cohort study." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, Supplement_1 (January 2020): S081—S082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.083.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Background The association between inflammatory bowel disease and malignancy is still controversial despite many observational studies. The Faroese population exhibits the highest occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of cancer in Faroese IBD patients within the nationwide Faroese IBD cohort. Methods This was a nationwide cohort study of all IBD patients diagnosed in the Faroe Islands from 1960 to 2014. Clinical demographics and cancer diagnosis were retrieved from patient files and from the Faroese cancer registry. Patients were followed until the event of cancer, death or emigration. Patients diagnosed with cancer prior to the IBD diagnosis were excluded. Observed numbers of cancer were compared with expected numbers based on ASR(N) (Nordic age- and sex-specific incidence rates) from Nordcan, by multiplying ASR(N) with person-years and follow-up in the study cohort and presented as standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) with 95 % intervals (CIs). Results The cohort consisted of 664 incidence IBD patients. After excluding 12 patients with cancer prior to IBD diagnosis, 652 patients with a total follow-up length of 11 476 person-years were included (414 UC with 7.494 patient-years, 128 IBDU with 2.038 patient-years and 110 CD with 1.944 patient-years). A total of 56 patients developed cancer during the follow-up period compared with 39.2 expected cases in the background population. We observed no gender difference. In UC, 33 observed compared with 25.7 expected patients developed cancer (SIR 1.28; 95% CI, 0.88–1.80). In IBDU, 13 observed compared with 6.9 expected patients developed cancer (SIR 1.88; 95% CI 1.00–0.22). In CD, 10 cases were observed compared with 6.6 expected (SIR 1.51; 95% CI 0.73–2.79). The most common types of cancers observed are shown in Table 1. Conclusion In this nationwide cohort study, we found no overall risk of cancer in IBD patients in the geographic isolated Faroe Island. However, skin cancer occurred more than expected in IBDU patients. This finding needs to be investigated further including the influence of treatment on cancer risk.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Roy, Guylaine, Stéphane Mercure, Frédéric Beuvon, and Jean-Pierre Perreault. "Characterization of stable RNAs from the resected intestinal tissues of individuals with either Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 75, no. 6 (December 1, 1997): 789–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o97-065.

Full text

Abstract:

Circular RNAs reminiscent of viroids and the human hepatitis delta virus have been proposed as possible nonconventional pathogens responsible for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, two inflammatory bowel diseases. Consequently, RNA was extracted from various areas of intestinal tissues from individuals with either Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis as well as several appropriate control diseases, and analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. No circular viroid-like RNAs (<1500 nucleotides) were detected, confirming a previous report that was limited to the investigation of small RNAs (<300 nucleotides). However, three small, unusually stable, linear RNAs were shown to be associated to both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis tissues: a specific 28S ribosomal RNA cleavage product characterized previously; a 5.8S ribosomal RNA conformer; and a fragment homologous to transcripts from DNA CpG islands. The two last RNAs were detected prior to visible morphological tissue alterations, suggesting that they are produced early during the inflammation and that they have value as molecular diagnostic tools for the inflammatory bowel diseases. The potential cellular mechanisms producing these RNAs and their involvement in inflammatory bowel disease are discussed. Key words: ribosomal RNA, inflammatory bowel diseases, human intestine, inflammation, viroids.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Nielsen, K. R., J. Midjord, T. Hammer, S. Lophaven, and J. Burisch. "P607 The Faroese IBD Study: Update on incidence from 2015–2020 and prevalence from 1960–2020." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 15, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): S552—S553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab076.728.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Background Previous reports have found that the Faroe Islands has the highest reported incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the world.1,2 The purpose of this study was to update our previous work on the IBD incidence from 1960–20142 with data up until 2020 and to describe the prevalence of IBD over 60 years. Methods All cases of Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and IBD unclassified (IBDU) diagnosed between 1960 to 2020, including all age groups and year of death, were retrieved from the Medical Centre at the National Hospital of the Faroe Islands. Diagnoses were ascertained according to the Copenhagen Diagnostic Criteria. Population data from 1960–2020 were retrieved from Statistics Denmark and Statistics Faroe Islands. Point prevalence rates (per 100,000) were estimated as all IBD patients alive and living in the Faroe Islands by the end of 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020, divided by the Faroese population (end of year). Results 232 individuals have been diagnosed with IBD during the past 6 years in the Faroe Islands: 29 (12%) with CD, 111 (48%) with UC and 92 (40%) with IBDU, resulting in an increased age-standardised IBD incidence rate (European Standard Population, ESP) from 74 per 100,000 person-years (py) in 2010–14 to 80 in 2015–20. Figure 1 illustrates the updated IBD incidence rate integrated with results from our previous study.2 The point prevalence rate of IBD was 5,8 cases per 100,000 persons in 1960; 46,6 in 1970; 133,9 in 1980; 325,4 in 1990; 610,7 in 2000; 925,1 in 2010 and 1407,9 cases per 100,000 in 2020, corresponding to 1,4% of the Faroese population living with IBD in 2020 compared to 0,6% in 2000. Conclusion The increasing incidence of IBD from 2015–2020 is mainly driven by IBDU, accounting for 40% of all cases and has increased from 21 per 100,000 (ESP) in 2010–14 to 32 in 2015–2020. The age-standardised incidence rate of CD remains unchanged compared to our previous study, at 10 per 100,000 (ESP), while the incidence of UC has decreased from 44 to 39 per 100,000 (ESP). The prevalence of IBD has increased radically in accordance with the increasing incidence. Further investigations into the high proportion of IBDU and causes of the observed IBD pattern is currently ongoing. 1. Ng SC, Shi HY, Hamidi N, et al. Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: a systematic review of population-based studies. Lancet 2018;390:2769–78.et al. 2. The Faroese IBD Study: Incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Across 54 Years of Population-based Data. J Crohns Colitis 2016;10:934–42.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Kim, Taeyun, Hyun Joo Song, Seung Uk Jeong, Eun Kwang Choi, Yoo-Kyung Cho, Heung Up Kim, Byung-Cheol Song, Kwang Sig Kim, Bong Soo Kim, and Young Ree Kim. "Comparison of the Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Small Bowel and Gastric Anisakiasis in Jeju Island." Gut and Liver 7, no. 1 (January 15, 2013): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5009/gnl.2013.7.1.23.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Dougherty, Michael W., and Christian Jobin. "Shining a Light on Colibactin Biology." Toxins 13, no. 5 (May 12, 2021): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13050346.

Full text

Abstract:

Colibactin is a secondary metabolite encoded by the pks gene island identified in several Enterobacteriaceae, including some pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) commonly enriched in mucosal tissue collected from patients with inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. E. coli harboring this biosynthetic gene cluster cause DNA damage and tumorigenesis in cell lines and pre-clinical models, yet fundamental knowledge regarding colibactin function is lacking. To accurately assess the role of pks+ E. coli in cancer etiology, the biological mechanisms governing production and delivery of colibactin by these bacteria must be elucidated. In this review, we will focus on recent advances in our understanding of colibactin’s structural mode-of-action and mutagenic potential with consideration for how this activity may be regulated by physiologic conditions within the intestine.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Arthur, Janelle C., Ernesto Perez-Chanona, Marcus Mühlbauer, Sarah Tomkovich, Joshua M. Uronis, Ting-Jia Fan, Barry J. Campbell, et al. "Intestinal Inflammation Targets Cancer-Inducing Activity of the Microbiota." Science 338, no. 6103 (August 16, 2012): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1224820.

Full text

Abstract:

Inflammation alters host physiology to promote cancer, as seen in colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we identify the intestinal microbiota as a target of inflammation that affects the progression of CRC. High-throughput sequencing revealed that inflammation modifies gut microbial composition in colitis-susceptible interleukin-10–deficient (Il10−/−) mice. Monocolonization with the commensal Escherichia coli NC101 promoted invasive carcinoma in azoxymethane (AOM)–treated Il10−/− mice. Deletion of the polyketide synthase (pks) genotoxic island from E. coli NC101 decreased tumor multiplicity and invasion in AOM/Il10−/− mice, without altering intestinal inflammation. Mucosa-associated pks+E. coli were found in a significantly high percentage of inflammatory bowel disease and CRC patients. This suggests that in mice, colitis can promote tumorigenesis by altering microbial composition and inducing the expansion of microorganisms with genotoxic capabilities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Graham, C. C., and A. Straw. "Quaternary." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 13, no. 1 (1992): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.mem.1992.012.01.15.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe Quaternary is represented widely over land areas and sea floors around Britain by sediments formed under conditions which ranged from warm temperate to glacial, humid to semi-arid, and which involved glacial, periglacial, fluvial, mass movement, marine and aeolian processes.The distribution of Quaternary sediments has been depicted on maps of the Geological Survey since the 1840s and most recently on the Ordnance Survey Quaternary Map of the United Kingdom, (1977, two sheets) at a scale of 1:625,000. The Oxford Atlas of Britain and Northern Ireland (1963) and the Atlas of Ireland (1979) include Quaternary maps, and Britain is covered by two sheets of the International Quaternary Map of Europe (1967) at a scale of 1:2,500,000. Maps of sea-floor sediments are being published as surveys are completed (Cameron et al. 1987). Stages of the Quaternary sequence as currently established are listed by West (1980) and Bowen et al. (1986).Qla: Quaternary geographyThe maximum extent ever reached by icesheets in southern Britain is better known in the east, and the western limit of 1°30'W is an approximation because definitive deposits are sparsely distributed. The Scilly Islands represent the most southerly point reached by a British icesheet, but the limit across the Celtic Sea is hypothetical, drawn with regard both to the nature of the continental shelf and to the fact that Ireland is known to have been wholly glacierized on at least one occasion. This maximum limit may be diachronous. Bowen et al. (1986) regard it as wholly Anglian, but

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Bae, Jeong Mo, Jung Ho Kim, and Gyeong Hoon Kang. "Molecular Subtypes of Colorectal Cancer and Their Clinicopathologic Features, With an Emphasis on the Serrated Neoplasia Pathway." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 140, no. 5 (May 1, 2016): 406–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2015-0310-ra.

Full text

Abstract:

Context.—Colorectal cancer is a heterogeneous disease entity with 3 molecular carcinogenesis pathways and 2 morphologic multistep pathways. Right-sided colon cancers and left-sided colon and rectal cancers exhibit differences in their incidence rates according to geographic region, age, and sex. A linear tendency toward increasing frequencies of microsatellite instability–high or CpG island methylator phenotype–high cancers in subsites along the bowel from the rectum to the cecum or the ascending colon accounts for the differences in tumor phenotypes associated with these subsites. The molecular subtypes of colorectal cancers exhibit different responses to adjuvant therapy, which might be responsible for differences in subtype-specific survival. Objectives.—To review the clinicopathologic and molecular features of the molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer generated by combined CpG island methylator phenotype and microsatellite statuses, to integrate these features with the most recent findings in the context of the prognostic implications of molecular subtypes, and to emphasize the necessity of developing molecular markers that enable the identification of adenocarcinomas involving the serrated neoplasia pathway. Data Sources.—Based on the authors' own experimental data and a review of the pertinent literature. Conclusions.—Because colorectal cancers arise from 2 different morphologic multistep carcinogenesis pathways with varying contributions from 3 different molecular carcinogenesis pathways, colorectal cancer is a heterogeneous and complex disease. Thus, molecular subtyping of colorectal cancers is an important approach to characterizing their heterogeneity with respect to not only prognosis and therapeutic response but also biology and natural history.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Róin, F., and J. Róin. "Inflammatory Bowel Disease of the Faroe Islands, 1981-1988: A Prospective Epidemiologic Study: Primary Report." Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 24, sup170 (January 1989): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365528909091350.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

La Torre, Annamaria, Lucia Anna Muscarella, Paola Parrella, Teresa Balsamo, Michele Bisceglia, Vanna Maria Valori, Antonella La Torre, et al. "Aberrant Genes Promoter Methylation in Neural Crest-Derived Tumors." International Journal of Biological Markers 27, no. 4 (October 2012): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/jbm.2012.9766.

Full text

Abstract:

Disturbances in the epigenetic landscape by aberrant methylation of CpG islands can lead to inactivation of cancer-related genes in solid tumors. We analyzed the promoter methylation status of 6 genes previously reported as cancer-specific methylated (MCAM, SSBP2, NISCH, B4GALT1, KIF1A and RASSF1A) in 38 neural crest-derived tumors by quantitative methylation-specific real-time PCR (QMSP). The results demonstrated that the determination of the methylation status of RASSF1A is able to distinguish between normal and tumor samples in cutaneous melanomas, lung carcinoids and small bowel carcinoids. MCAM methylation levels were significantly higher in lung carcinoids tumors (p=0.001), suggesting that this alteration may represent a molecular biomarker in this tumor type.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Tang-Fichaux, Min, Priscilla Branchu, Jean-Philippe Nougayrède, and Eric Oswald. "Tackling the Threat of Cancer Due to Pathobionts Producing Colibactin: Is Mesalamine the Magic Bullet?" Toxins 13, no. 12 (December 14, 2021): 897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13120897.

Full text

Abstract:

Colibactin is a genotoxin produced primarily by Escherichia coli harboring the genomic pks island (pks+ E. coli). Pks+ E. coli cause host cell DNA damage, leading to chromosomal instability and gene mutations. The signature of colibactin-induced mutations has been described and found in human colorectal cancer (CRC) genomes. An inflamed intestinal environment drives the expansion of pks+ E. coli and promotes tumorigenesis. Mesalamine (i.e., 5-aminosalycilic acid), an effective anti-inflammatory drug, is an inhibitor of the bacterial polyphosphate kinase (PPK). This drug not only inhibits the production of intestinal inflammatory mediators and the proliferation of CRC cells, but also limits the abundance of E. coli in the gut microbiota and diminishes the production of colibactin. Here, we describe the link between intestinal inflammation and colorectal cancer induced by pks+ E. coli. We discuss the potential mechanisms of the pleiotropic role of mesalamine in treating both inflammatory bowel diseases and reducing the risk of CRC due to pks+ E. coli.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Coucoutsi, Constantina, George Emmanouil, George Goulielmos, Ourania Sfakianaki, Ioannis E. Koutroubakis, and Elias A. Kouroumalis. "Prevalence of thiopurine S-methyltransferase gene polymorphisms in patients with inflammatory bowel disease from the island of Crete, Greece." European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 29, no. 11 (November 2017): 1284–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/meg.0000000000000947.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Majzoub, Ramsey K., Janou W. J. M. Bardoel, Doug Ackermann, Claudio Maldonado, John Barker, and Wayne K. Stadelmann. "Analysis of chronic morphologic changes of small bowel in electrically stimulated canine island-flap rectus abdominis muscle stomal sphincters." Diseases of the Colon & Rectum 44, no. 11 (November 2001): 1630–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02234383.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Louis-Sidney, Fabienne, Valentine Kahn, Benoit Suzon, Michel De Bandt, Christophe Deligny, Serge Arfi, and Georges Jean-Baptiste. "Epidemiology and Characteristics of Spondyloarthritis in the Predominantly Afro-Descendant Population of Martinique, a French Caribbean Island." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 5 (February 27, 2022): 1299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051299.

Full text

Abstract:

(1) Background: The prevalence of Spondyloarthritis (SpA) varies significantly in different regions and ethnic groups due several factors such as heterogeneity in study populations, the diversity of classification criteria used in epidemiological studies, the prevalence variability of HLA-B27 or disparity in healthcare access. To our knowledge, there is no data on SpA in Martinique, a French region in the Caribbean with a predominantly Afro-descendant population and a high level of healthcare. (2) Methods: This was a retrospective study of all SpA patients treated at the Fort de France University Hospital between 1 January 1997 and 1 January 2008. (3) Results: In our cohort of 86 SpA patients, age at diagnosis was late (41 years old), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was the most frequent sub-type (60.5%), inflammatory bowel disease was the most frequent extra articular feature (23.3%) and no one had personal familial history of the disease. Inflammatory syndrome concerned 55.6% of patients, no one was positive for HIV and HLA-B27 positivity was low (42.2%). However, HLA-B27 was statistically associated with AS. Out of 64 patients, 41 had sacroiliitis. (4) Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive descriptive study of SpA subtypes in Martinique, a French region in the Caribbean. We report clinical and biological similarities in our SpA cohort with those of sub-Saharan Africa and with SpA subtypes reported in Afro-descendant populations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Murphy, S. "Observations of the 'Critically Endangered' bare-rumped sheathtail bat Saccolaimus saccolaimus Temminck (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae) on Cape York Peninsula, Queensland." Australian Mammalogy 23, no. 2 (2001): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am01185.

Full text

Abstract:

THE bare-rumped sheathtailed bat Saccolaimus saccolaimus is a poorly understood species that has a wide distribution covering parts of India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Myanmar, Malaya, Indonesia, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and Northern Australia (Bonaccorso 1998). First collected in Australia by De Vis near Cardwell, the current known distribution in Queensland (Qld) extends from Bowen to Cooktown with one isolated specimen collected near Coen on Cape York Peninsula (Hall 1995; Duncan et al. 1999). It has also been recorded in the Alligator River area in the Northern Territory (McKean et al. 1981). The conservation status of S. saccolaimus in Qld has recently been defined as ?Critically Endangered?, and the species has not been recorded anywhere in Australia for at least 18 years (Duncan et al. 1999; Menkhorst and Knight 2001). The likely reasons for the apparent decline are unclear, but may involve land-clearing and changed fire regimes in the coastal zone where it is thought to occur (Duncan et al. 1999). In contrast, Bonaccorso (1998) considers S. saccolaimus to be secure, albeit also poorly known in Papua New Guinea.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Jain, Dhanpat, Maritza Martel, Miguel Reyes-Múgica, and Vinita Parkash. "Heterotopic Nephrogenic Rests in the Colon and Multiple Congenital Anomalies: Possibly Related Association." Pediatric and Developmental Pathology 5, no. 6 (November 2002): 587–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10024-002-0055-4.

Full text

Abstract:

Heterotopic renal tissue (HRT) in the wall of the colon is a very rare occurrence, with only five cases published. Our patient is only the second patient reported to have this abnormality in the absence of sirenomelia. We describe colonic HRT in a child, associated with multiple congenital anomalies. The congenital abnormalities were of the VACTERL type, accompanied by valvular cardiac anomalies that were clinically diagnosed as Shone syndrome. The HRT was not apparent clinically or grossly. Microscopically, multifocal islands of renal tissue consisting of glomeruli, cystically dilated tubules, and blastema were seen in all layers of the bowel, and simulated “cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma.” Our case provides further support to the belief that VACTERL association and sirenomelia represent related entities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Nielsen, K. R., S. Jacobsen, K. Olsen, T. Jess, and S. Gaini. "P637 Incidence and clinical characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease in the Faroe Islands during 2005–2009." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 7 (February 2013): S266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1873-9946(13)60658-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Nowrouzian, Forough L., and Eric Oswald. "Escherichia coli strains with the capacity for long-term persistence in the bowel microbiota carry the potentially genotoxic pks island." Microbial Pathogenesis 53, no. 3-4 (September 2012): 180–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2012.05.011.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Miller, Michelle E., Victoria M. Allen, and Jo-Ann K. Brock. "Incidence and Carrier Frequency of CFTR Gene Mutations in Pregnancies With Echogenic Bowel in Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 40, no. 7 (July 2018): 896–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2017.11.021.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Overman, M. J., L. Adam, K. Raghav, J. Wang, B. Kee, D. Fogelman, C. Eng, et al. "Phase II study of nab-paclitaxel in refractory small bowel adenocarcinoma and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP)-high colorectal cancer." Annals of Oncology 29, no. 1 (January 2018): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdx688.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Appleton, Laura, and Andrew S. Day. "Disease-Related Knowledge in New Zealand Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Their Parents." Gastrointestinal Disorders 3, no. 1 (January 14, 2021): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gidisord3010002.

Full text

Abstract:

Insufficient disease-related knowledge can be a barrier to the effective management of the unpredictable and lifelong course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients with chronic illnesses have high non-adherence rates, with direct clinical consequences. While no single intervention strategy can improve the adherence of all patients, the success of attempts to improve patient adherence depends upon the realistic assessment of patients’ knowledge and their understanding of the regimen. The aim of this study was to assess the disease-specific knowledge of the parents and patients with IBD in the South Island of New Zealand, and identify areas of poor knowledge. Families of children diagnosed with IBD were asked to complete the IBD Knowledge Inventory Device (IBD-KID). Patients 10 years and older were asked to participate along with their parents. Of 110 families, 91 responded, with completed questionnaires received from 153 parents and 66 patients. Overall, parents scored significantly higher (13.64 ± 3.88) than their children (10.03 ± 4.07; p < 0.001). Areas of poor knowledge included aspects of treatment (both conventional and alternative), along with long-term disease outcomes. This study has shown clear areas of concern in this population’s disease-specific knowledge of their disease. This should be addressed through targeted education for both the patient and the parents to improve not only their knowledge, but also their adherence and disease self-management.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Bowen Island'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles