Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bowel protocol

Academic literature on the topic 'Bowel protocol'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Bowel protocol"

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F??BI??N, ANGELA S. "Before Bowel Protocol." Home Healthcare Nurse: The Journal for the Home Care and Hospice Professional 3, no. 1 (January 1985): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004045-198501000-00029.

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Rychlik, A., M. Nowicki, M. Kander, and M. Szweda. "The effect of macrogol administration on the quality of macroscopic images and transit time in canine capsule endoscopy." Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 17, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjvs-2014-0098.

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Abstract The present experiment evaluated the quality of macroscopic images and the mean time of capsule passage through different sections of the gastrointestinal tract in dogs subjected to different preparation protocols before capsule endoscopy. In the first examination, the colonoscopy preparation protocol was applied, and in the second examination, the animals were administered macrogol. The study revealed that macrogol administration before capsule endoscopy significantly improved the quality of macroscopic images. The colonoscopy preparation protocol may not support accurate visualization of the large bowel mucosa and, in selected patients, also the small bowel mucosa. Macrogol administration had no effect on capsule transit time through the alimentary canal. Capsules used in endoscopic evaluations of the small bowel in humans may have limited applications in macroscopic examinations of large bowel mucosa in dogs.
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KIRN, TIMOTHY F. "Protocol Works for Narcotic Bowel Syndrome." Clinical Psychiatry News 36, no. 3 (March 2008): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0270-6644(08)70181-4.

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Evbuomwam, Ehimwenma, Dan Kinnair, Mohammad Mirza, and Julian Coleman. "Constipation and clozapine: a QI project in Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, (LPT)." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.248.

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AimsConstipation in patients on Clozapine is the biggest cause of mortality. We have no set protocol in LPT for how to manage and monitor Constipation in Clozapine initiation in the inpatient setting. Internationally protocols, (such as the Porirua protocol) exist but have not been widely used locally.We wanted to assess local compliance with monitoring constipation in patients admitted to hospital and started on Clozapine. We also wanted to assess whether patients are prescribed PRN or regular laxatives, before considering implementing a local protocol.MethodIn LPT we use the ZTAS system for prescribing Clozapine. They provided us with a list of patient IDs who had recently started on Clozapine.We captured data on patients started on Clozapine. 1.What date was this started?2.What date was either PRN or regular laxatives started?3.Was a bowel chart recorded?4.Any evidence of constipation or significant bowel issues relating to Clozapine?ResultWe initially analysed 30 patients, (20 of whom were initiated on Clozapine as inpatients, and 10 as outpatients). A bowel chart was started in only 1 inpatient. Laxatives were started in 50% (15, only 3 of whom were outpatients). 14 were regular and 1 was a PRN prescription. 12 inpatients had constipation, and 1 outpatient suffered with constipation. 2 patients suffered with diarrhoea but there were no other significant issues with bowel problems.ConclusionFrom our initial data we can see that there are many inconsistencies in practice.Existing patients on Clozapine attend a local clinic, (Clozapine clinic) where ongoing monitoring of constipation, (and other parameters, e.g. ECGs etc are completed).We have written a new protocol which we will share, that the trust has implemented, that identifies when PRN and regular laxatives should be prescribed. We have also expanded the protocol to agree for initiation of Olanzapine bowel charts and PRN laxatives should be used.
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Smith, Anita, Christopher Stimson, and Penelope Stevens. "High-Intensity Bowel Protocol for Trauma Patients." Journal of Trauma Nursing 25, no. 3 (2018): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jtn.0000000000000369.

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Alvarez-Gonzalez, Marco Antonio, Miguel Ángel Pantaleón Sánchez, Belén Bernad Cabredo, Ana García-Rodríguez, Santiago Frago Larramona, Oscar Nogales, Pilar Díez Redondo, et al. "Educational nurse-led telephone intervention shortly before colonoscopy as a salvage strategy after previous bowel preparation failure: a multicenter randomized trial." Endoscopy 52, no. 11 (June 17, 2020): 1026–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1178-9844.

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Background The most important predictor of unsuccessful bowel preparation is previous failure. For those patients with previous failure, we hypothesized that a nurse-led educational intervention by telephone shortly before the colonoscopy appointment could improve cleansing efficacy. Methods We performed a multicenter, endoscopist-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Consecutive outpatients with previous inadequate bowel preparation were enrolled. Both groups received the same standard bowel preparation protocol. The intervention group also received reinforced education by telephone within 48 hours before the colonoscopy. The primary outcome was effective bowel preparation according to the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis included all randomized patients. Per-protocol analysis included patients who could be contacted by telephone and the control cases. Results 657 participants were recruited by 11 Spanish hospitals. In the ITT analysis, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in the rate of successful bowel preparation (77.3 % vs. 72 %; P = 0.12). In the intervention group, 267 patients (82.9 %) were contacted by telephone. Per-protocol analysis revealed significantly improved bowel preparation in the intervention group (83.5 % vs. 72.0 %; P = 0.001). Conclusion Among all patients with previous inadequate bowel preparation, nurse-led telephone education did not result in a significant improvement in bowel cleansing. However, in the 83 % of patients who could be contacted, bowel preparation was substantially improved. Phone education may therefore be a useful tool for improving the quality of bowel preparation in those cases.
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Hsu, Wei-Fan, Cheng-Chao Liang, Cheng-Kuan Lin, Tzong-Hsi Lee, and Chen-Shuan Chung. "A modified bowel preparation protocol improves the quality of bowel cleansing for colonoscopy." Advances in Digestive Medicine 3, no. 3 (March 23, 2016): 144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aidm.2015.12.001.

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Ibrahim, Fandi, and Philippa Stribling. "A 5Ad Dietary Protocol for Functional Bowel Disorders." Nutrients 11, no. 8 (August 17, 2019): 1938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11081938.

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Functional bowel disorders (FBDs) affect around 20% of the population worldwide and are associated with reduced quality of life and high healthcare costs. Dietary therapies are frequently implemented to assist with symptom relief in these individuals, however, there are concerns regarding their complexity, restrictiveness, nutritional adequacy, and effectiveness. Thus, to overcome these limitations, a novel approach, the 5Ad Dietary Protocol, was designed and tested for its efficacy in reducing the severity of a range of gastrointestinal symptoms in 22 subjects with FBDs. The protocol was evaluated in a repeated measures MANOVA design (baseline week and intervention week). Measures of stool consistency and frequency were subtyped based on the subject baseline status. Significant improvements were seen in all abdominal symptom measures (p < 0.01). The effect was independent of body mass index (BMI), age, gender, physical activity level, and whether or not the subjects were formally diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) prior to participation. Stool consistency and frequency also improved in the respective contrasting subtypes. The 5Ad Dietary Protocol proved to be a promising universal approach for varying forms and severities of FBDs. The present study paves the way for future research encompassing a longer study duration and the exploration of underlying physiological mechanisms.
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Ring, M. "Implementation of a bowel care protocol within ICU." Australian Critical Care 24, no. 1 (February 2011): 73–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aucc.2010.12.053.

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Aldana, Jose A., Javier E. Rincon, Ricardo A. Fonseca, Rohit K. Rasane, Christina X. Zhang, Qiao Zhang, Maya J. Sorini, Kelly M. Bochicchio, Grant V. Bochicchio, and Obeid Ilahi. "Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction Protocol in Geriatric Patients." Journal of the American College of Surgeons 229, no. 4 (October 2019): S87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.08.200.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bowel protocol"

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Knowles, Serena. "Improving clinical practice in intensive care: Implementation of an evidence based protocol for bowel management." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2013. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/24c516a33aceed3f21a403db3f0e824af78f09f5a56e744c9d8439c6035c13ef/5598058/201311_Serena_Knowles.pdf.

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There are numerous practice areas within the intensive care environment that are important for ensuring quality of care and evidence based practice. Complications associated with poor bowel management for critically ill patients include, increased ventilation times and length of stay. Bowel management protocols can improve patient outcomes by prompting clinicians and standardising care. Evidence-based implementation strategies are more likely to increase the update of guidelines or protocols into practice than merely providing copies to clinicians. Theories can broaden the understandings of clinician behaviour change interventions. The theory of planned behaviour explains the influences of attitude and beliefs on behaviour intention. The overall aim of the research reported in this thesis was to investigate the use of an evidence-based implementation strategy to effect clinician behaviour change and to improve a neglected area of clinical practice in the intensive care environment. The research comprised of two linked studies and three data collection phases. Study one used a telephone survey to describe the current guidelines and practices in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) within New South Wales (NSW) for eleven practice areas and aimed to identify an area of neglected practice for the focus of the remainder of the research. Results from study one found that the use of guidelines and informal routine procedures for the eleven practice areas within NSW ICUs was variable. Bowel management was identified by participants as a neglected area of practice within their units (n=28, 86%). The aim of study two was to evaluate the effect of a targeted implementation strategy to introduce a bowel management protocol into intensive care on patient outcomes; clinician practices; clinician knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviour intentions. Two data collection phases were employed in study two; a staff survey and a retrospective medical record audit. The theory of planned behaviour informed the staff survey. Items to measure the TPB constructs were composed according to the manual on constructing questionnaires based on the TPB by Francis et al (Francis et al., 2004a). Validity of the theory of planned behaviour questionnaire items for use to evaluate the behaviour of interest, bowel management practices, was demonstrated. Development of a bowel management protocol and targeted implementation strategy was informed by previous protocols and the relevant evidence based literature. The developed multifaceted implementation strategy included education sessions, a printed fact sheet and reminders. Following implementation of the bowel management protocol, the staff survey in study two determined that nursing and medical staffs’ knowledge regarding bowel management improved (overall mean knowledge scores pre-implementation = 17.64, post implementation = 19.25). However, this increase in knowledge did not translate into more positive attitudes or beliefs related to bowel management for intensive care patients. Clinicians’ behaviour intentions toward three bowel management practices did not increase after the implementation strategy. There was no significant improvement in clinician practices or patient outcomes, namely the incidence of constipation and diarrhoea detected in the medical record audit following the implementation strategy did not decrease. The overall research aims, questions and significance are presented in the first chapter and the relevant literature is discussed in the second chapter. The thesis presents the specific aims, methods and results of the two linked studies inside manuscripts that have been either published, accepted for publication or under editorial review. The final chapter synthesises the results from the two linked studies and provides a discussion in the context of previous research. Initiating clinician behaviour change in the intensive care setting appears to be difficult to achieve when implementing a bowel management protocol. The theory of planned behaviour can provide useful insight into the predictors of clinician behaviour intention and a questionnaire based on the theory constructs can be used in the evaluation of behaviour change interventions.
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Lam, Cheuk-fan, and 林卓凡. "Evidence-based intervention protocol of using biofeedback therapy for minimizing post surgery bowel incontinence for adult patients." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48335538.

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In Hong Kong, the number of colon cancer patients has increased over the years. But at the same time, early detection of colon cancer has also become more readily available due to the recent technological advancement and increased accessibility to medical care. In recent years, more patients have become eligible for having curative sphincter saving operation and one of the objectives of this operation is to preserve continence function without stoma formation. However, colon cancer patients’ journeys do not finish after their operation. For instance, they may have bowel disorder after the operation, namely ‘Anterior Resection Syndrome’. This debilitating condition may not be amenable by surgical technique or medical therapy and it affects the bio-psycho-social wellbeing of the patient. One of the responsibilities of nurses is to promote the general wellbeing of the clients. Therefore, in this study, the possible methods of alleviating the condition of Anterior Resection Syndrome among colon cancer patients were inspected. By using strategic search of current evidences, this study found that several primary studies support the use of biofeedback to alleviate the condition. After conducting a comprehensive review of the selected studies, the biofeedback treatment was considered as an appropriate recommendation for the current clinical setting. After assessing the implementation potential of the current practice, an evidence-based protocol with considerations of local factors was established. In addition, in order to minimize resistance on the change of current practice, plans on communicating with stakeholders, pilot study and evaluation were carefully established. The purpose of this study is to provide professional nursing care by using evidence based practice for those in need.
published_or_final_version
Nursing Studies
Master
Master of Nursing
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Fecteau, Annie. "The effect of donor-specific transfusion 24 hours pre-transplant and cyclosporin on allograft survival : a clinically relevant induction protocol for cadaveric small bowel transplantation." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56981.

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The combination of pretransplant donor specific transfusion (DST) and cyclosporin (Cys) has proven to be an effective mode of immunomodulation in numerous allograft models. Our experiments were designed to study the effect of clinically applicable protocols using DST and low-dose cyclosporin in an heterotopic, fully allogenic model of small bowel transplantation in the rat.
A 1 ml systemic DST 24 hours pretransplant with Cys (10 mg/kg day $-$1, 5 mg/kg POD 0 to 7, 2.5 mg/kg POD 8 to 14) was shown to be more effective than DST or Cys alone in prolonging graft survival (p $<$ 0.05). Adding successive post-transplant DST (POD 7,14,21) had no effect on graft survival. Portal transfusion and Cys was the most effective mode of antigen presentation (p = 0.01 vs systemic DST), with 33% of the animals having prolonged survival. Adding successive post-transplant DST was deleterious to the portal DST effect. The adjunct of anti-lymphocyte serum to the DST-Cys combination was ineffective.
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AIN, JEAN-FRANCOIS. "Apple peel bowel syndrome ou syndrome de l'intestin en epluchure de pomme et/ou colimacon : etude d'une serie personnelle de 14 cas et revue de la litterature, proposition d'un protocole therapeutique." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M287.

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Varghese, Rency John. "Awareness and attitudes of intensive care nurses regarding the bowel protocol for the critically ill patients." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/87363.

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Patients in the intensive care unit are critically ill and are commonly on life support systems such as mechanical ventilation medication to stabilise their haemodynamic parameters. They are usually unable to eat or drink and are fed through a nasogastric or naso-enteric tube. With the priority being resuscitation and life support, normal physiological functions and requirements can be over ridden, one of which is bowel function. There are no set guidelines nationally recognised for the management of the bowel. But most institutions have a bowel protocol in order to facilitate and promote the bowel function of these patients. Despite this, anecdotal evidence indicates bowel management is often overlooked or ignored. The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes and awareness of the nurses working in the intensive care setting towards the bowel protocol used for the critically ill patients from the level III intensive care units of three different public hospitals (Appendix 1). A simple descriptive design in the form of an online survey was conducted for the nurses working in the intensive care unit. Data were analysed using simple descriptive statistics and qualitative data a content analysis. The findings of this study indicated that even though many of the nurses were experienced, there still remain concerns regarding bowel management with issues of lack of knowledge and awareness, lack of accountability and responsibility and poor attitudes of staff. Recommendations were made to increase education and staff awareness with regular audits and vigilant supervision. Also further studies related to this concept are recommended preferably in a different setting.
Thesis (M.Nurs.Sc.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Nursing, 2013
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Yeh, Shu-Chin, and 葉淑琴. "Effects of a Bowel Movement Protocol for Improving Difficulty in Defecation in Post-operated Lumbar Herniated Intervertebral Disc Patients." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78098849088994649654.

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碩士
國立臺北護理健康大學
護理研究所
101
Abstract Difficulty in defecation is a common problem among patients hospitalized. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of using a “Bowel Movement Protocol” to alleviate the defecation difficulty of patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation after surgery. A quasi-experimental design was adopted and purposive sampling was used to select patients undergoing a discectomy for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation or cage interbody fusion from the neurosurgical ward at a medical center in northern Taiwan. The patients were then divided into a control group and an experimental group according to their time of admission. Patients from the control group (n=34) received routine nursing care, while patients from the experimental group (n=20) received the “Bowel Movement Protocol” intervention every day. The intervention consisted of: 1) 30 cc/kg of water intake per day according to the patient’s weight; 2) minimum dietary fiber intake of 35 g/day; and 3) an abdominal massage 15 minutes after breakfast provided by nurse. The massage consisted of drawing clockwise circles with three fingers closed together from the ascending colon to the transverse colon and then to the descending colon for 15 minutes at a depth of 4.5 cm. A self-developed bowel movement assessment questionnaire was used in this study with the following effectiveness evaluation indicators: 1) frequency of bowel movements; 2) symptoms of difficulty in defecation (including pain during/after bowel movements, extreme use of energy required during bowel movements, hard stools, still feeling the urge to defecate after defecation or a feeling of obstruction in the anorectal area, etc.); and 3) frequency of stool softener and enema use. The period of data collection ran from before the surgery through the first day after the surgery to the day of discharge (the sixth day after the surgery). Statistical methods such as percentage, mean, standard variation, independent t-test, Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and GEE (generalized estimating equation) were used to analyze the data. The research results showed the following: 1) frequency of bowel movements: the daily bowel movement frequency of the experimental group was 10.159 times of that of the control group (p<0.05), and the daily bowel movement frequencies on the second and third day were higher than the first day (p<0.001); 2) with regard to symptoms of difficulty in defecation, patients from the experimental group indicated fewer experiences of anal pain during and after bowel movement, extreme use of energy during bowel movement, and hard stools compared to the control group, indicating a statistical significant difference (p<0.001); and 3) the experimental group used stool softeners and enemas 0.012 (p<0.001) and 0.274 (p<0.05) times as often, respectively, as the control group. Overall, the “Bowel Movement Protocol” can effectively alleviate difficulty in defecation in patients with lumber intervertebral disc herniation after surgery. Hope this non-invasive nursing measures this evidence-based data, clinical nurses can provide improvements in patient defecation difficulties as a reference for .
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Books on the topic "Bowel protocol"

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Please don't drink from the finger bowl: An executive guide for business protocol. Pleasanton, CA: ProfessorSales.com Pub., 2005.

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Ghosh, Subrata. Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Medicine). Humana Pr, 2004.

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Natarajan, Pavithra, and Nick Beeching. Protozoal infection: Gut organisms. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0316.

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Protozoa are single-celled (unicellular) eukaryotic organisms. There are many protozoa causing parasitic infection in humans. This chapter will concentrate on the three that most commonly causes gastrointestinal disease worldwide and have the biggest impact in the UK: Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium spp., and Entamoeba histolytica. These three infections are of great significance worldwide, but are less common in Western settings. In the UK, they tend to be seen in more commonly in travellers returning from endemic countries, migrant populations, men who have sex with men, and the immunocompromised. The clinical features of all three infections vary from asymptomatic small- or large-bowel carriage with passage of cysts to infect others, to more serious manifestations.
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Heyland, Daren K., and Marina Mourtzakis. Malnutrition in Critical Illness: Implications, Causes, and Therapeutic Approaches. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0036.

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Malnutrition is generally defined as an inadequate intake of nutrients or calories for appropriate physiological functioning. Undernourishment specifically refers to hypocaloric intake as well as reduced macro- and micronutrient intakes relative to the calculated recommendation for a patient. This chapter discusses the undernourishment of the critically ill patient and its attendant physiological and clinical consequences. Achieving 80–90% of prescribed protein and calories is both achievable and is associated with the beneficial physiological and clinical outcomes in a significant proportion of patients. Strategies to maximize these benefits as well as minimizing the risk of enteral nutrition are essential. These should include early initiation of enteral nutrition (within 24–48 hours), adoption of second-generation feeding protocols, use of motility agents, small bowel feeding tubes, and elevation of the head of the bed. Given the encouraging results of early mobilization, it could be hypothesized that combining early mobilization and nutrition interventions would limit muscle mass loss and maintain muscle integrity and function in critically ill patients.
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Book chapters on the topic "Bowel protocol"

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Greenup, Astrid-Jane, and Kerri L. Novak. "Bowel Ultrasound Imaging, Protocol and Findings." In Cross-Sectional Imaging in Crohn’s Disease, 11–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96586-4_2.

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Weinrauch, Louis, and Joseph El-On. "Protozoa and Helminths: “The Gay Bowel Syndrome”." In Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 233–47. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3528-6_19.

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Hedrick, Traci L., and Stefan D. Holubar. "Bowel Preparation in Colorectal Surgery: Impact on SSIs and Enhanced Recovery Protocols." In The SAGES Manual of Colorectal Surgery, 103–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24812-3_8.

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Rondonotti, Emanuele, and Marco Pennazio. "Timing and Protocols of Endoscopic Follow-Up in Operated Patients After Small Bowel Surgery." In Endoscopic Follow-up of Digestive Anastomosis, 41–48. Milano: Springer Milan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5370-0_6.

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Hsieh, Mu-Yang. "Endovascular Treatment for Acute Mesenteric Ischemia." In Thrombectomy - Recent Advances in Ischaemic Damage Treatment [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104943.

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The current standard care for acute mesenteric ischemia involves urgent revascularization and resection of the necrotic bowel. A dedicated protocol for early treatment and urgent revascularization is pivotal to improving diagnostic rate and patient survival. In this chapter, the critical components of diagnosis and treatment protocol are reviewed. Different treatment choices with endovascular approaches are discussed. After endovascular revascularization, a dedicated team consisting of surgeons and critical care specialists are needed to provide post-intervention care and second-look laparoscopy when necessary. In geographic regions where healthcare resources are lacking, a time-efficient strategy adopted by interventional radiologists or cardiologists should be considered to improve patient survival.
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Colbert, Dom. "The Returned Traveller." In MCQs in Travel Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199664528.003.0020.

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Respiratory illness, fever, diarrhoea, and dermatitis are the four most frequent medical problems in the returned traveller. Unexplained fever is the most urgent of these because febrile conditions such as malaria, meningitis, and typhoid can all deteriorate rapidly and become life-threatening. Respiratory infections are also very common and are often viral in origin. A persistent cough or a doubtful CXR warrants further investigation. Diarrhoea that persists may well be helminthic in origin with giardiasis high on the list. In cases already treated with antibiotics one must consider C. difficile infection while the unmasking of inflammatory bowel disease or irritable bowel syndrome is probably more common than supposed. Dermatitis is often due to exacerbation of an existing condition, e.g. psoriasis or eczema. Tropical-related dermatitis is most frequently due to infected arthropod bites. CLM is the main parasitic cause. Exanthems and enanthems occur in a variety of systemic conditions ranging from acute HIV to dengue fever to coxsackie infection. Rashes are seldom diagnostic unless the cause is obvious, e.g. scabies or typhoid (rose spots). In all cases the practitioner should adhere to a strict protocol that involves a good history, careful physical examination, and routine screening and microscopy of blood, urine, and stool. Simple X-rays and ultrasound examination may also be considered. In no case should the practitioner hesitate to refer the patient to a specialist physician. Nowadays computer-assisted diagnosis is becoming more popular and more reliable. The Kabisa Travel System, developed in Antwerp, has been shown to perform equally well with travel physicians in diagnosing the cause of fever in those returned from a tropical environment. Kabisa is the Swaili word for ‘hand in the fire, I am absolutely certain’!
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Cadogan, Mike D., Anthony F. T. Brown, and Tony Celenza. "Altered bowel habit." In Marshall & Ruedy's On Call: Principles & Protocols, 264–75. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7295-3961-6.00026-0.

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Klaiber, Ulla, and Thilo Hackert. "Malignant tumours of the duodenum, ampulla, and small bowel." In Duodenum and Small Bowel, edited by John A. Windsor, Sanjay Pandanaboyana, Anil K. Agarwal, Samiran Nundy, and Dirk J. Gouma, 165–72. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780192862440.003.0015.

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Abstract Malignant tumours of the duodenum, ampulla of Vater, and the small bowel are rare tumours of the digestive system, some of them related to genetic disorders such as polyposis syndromes, but also occurring sporadically. While those situated in the duodenum and ampulla are easily accessible by endoscopy with biopsy and histological proof of the lesion, small bowel tumours located distal to the ligament of Treitz can be diagnostically challenging even when advanced endoscopic techniques are used and cross-sectional imaging methods are the more important tools to find and characterize such tumours. Curative surgery is the treatment of choice for all the mentioned malignancies if no distant metastases are found. For duodenal and ampullary malignant tumours, partial pancreatoduodenectomy should be performed; for tumours of the small intestine, surgery comprises segmental bowel resection including the adjacent mesentery with the draining lymph nodes. Adjuvant therapy is not standardized today but may be beneficial in certain subgroups of patients (i.e. nodal positive). Protocols that are applied in ampullary cancers follow the histological differentiation of the tumour targeting either pancreatobiliary (i.e. gemcitabine, FOLFIRINOX) or intestinal (i.e. FOLFOX) cancers. For small bowel cancer, protocols follow standards of colorectal cancer treatment. Neoadjuvant therapy has no defined role in any of the three malignancies. In metastatic tumours, surgery may be indicated for palliative treatment (i.e. obstruction or bleeding) or with a curative approach in selected patients especially in those showing an intestinal differentiation.
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Pal, Partha, Zaheer Nabi, and D. Nageshwar Reddy. "Tuberculosis, typhoid, and other infectious diseases of the small bowel." In Duodenum and Small Bowel, edited by John A. Windsor, Sanjay Pandanaboyana, Anil K. Agarwal, Samiran Nundy, and Dirk J. Gouma, 220—C20.S32. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780192862440.003.0020.

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Abstract The small bowel absorbs ingested fluids, extracts nutrients, excludes pathogens, and propels food by its unique architecture and strict regulatory mechanisms driven by hormones and neurotransmitters. This intricate balance is altered by various enteric infections with bacteria, viruses, protozoa, parasites, or fungi. These infective agents interact with different small intestinal cells, but the pathophysiological consequences such as diarrhoea, malabsorption, abdominal pain, and signs of systemic disease are similar due to a common final pathway for all such infections. Most of them are self-limiting or short lasting so that the functions of the small intestine are restored quickly. However, some of the infections are chronic and lead to long-term dysfunction of the small bowel. Both acute and chronic small intestinal infections cause a significant disease burden, morbidity, and mortality across the globe and are among the most common causes of disease worldwide. Hence, knowledge about the diagnosis and treatment of small bowel infectious diseases is important.
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Vather, Ryash, and Ian P. Bissett. "Ileus and chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction." In Duodenum and Small Bowel, edited by John A. Windsor, Sanjay Pandanaboyana, Anil K. Agarwal, Samiran Nundy, and Dirk J. Gouma, 69–74. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780192862440.003.0005.

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Abstract ‘Prolonged postoperative ileus’ (PPOI) is an absence of gut function as defined by two or more of nausea/vomiting, inability to tolerate oral diet over 24 hours, absence of flatus over 24 hours, distension, or radiological confirmation of ileus—occurring on or after the fourth postoperative day. The aetiology of ileus is multifactorial with early postoperative gut dysfunction more influenced by opioid administration and autonomic shift, and the sustained dysfunction seen in PPOI more related to inflammation. Clinical risk factors that predispose to postoperative gut dysfunction include male sex, open surgery, increased operative bowel handling, operative duration, blood loss, and increased perioperative crystalloid or red cell transfusion. Preventive measures for PPOI are best addressed by considering the elements which comprise Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocols viz. fluid restriction, spinal analgesia, early oral feeding, early mobilization, avoidance of opioids, and careful electrolyte monitoring. Management involves exclusion of more sinister pathology by way of cross-sectional imaging followed by correction of electrolyte derangements, nasogastric tube insertion, weaning of opioid analgesia, and use of parenteral nutrition as required. Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is rare, and is underpinned by disease processes that interfere with neurogenic or myogenic small bowel activity. The diagnosis of CIPO is difficult to make and is generally one of exclusion. Management is multidisciplinary and focuses on ensuring nutritional needs are met (either orally or parenterally), treating bacterial overgrowth, and slowing progression of the underlying disease process. There is an evolving role for prokinetics. Surgical options for CIPO include small bowel bypass, resection, diversion, and transplantation.
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Conference papers on the topic "Bowel protocol"

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Arora, Rahul D. "Inpatient pharmacologic management of malignant bowel obstruction." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685360.

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Background: Management of life threatening complications encountered in Advanced Cancer is an important domain of Palliative Oncology. Malignant Bowel Obstruction is usually an indicator of poor prognosis in Advanced cancer. It is usually associated with malignancies in the gastrointestinal tract or those outside the gastrointestinal tract (gynaecological malignancies). MBO can also occur with primary peritoneal as well as secondary peritoneal malignancies. Diagnostic criteria for MBO include Clinical evidence of bowel obstruction, obstruction distal to the Ligament of Treitz, presence of primary intraabdominal or extra abdominal cancer with peritoneal involvement. Materials: Detailed below are two cases of Malignant Bowel obstruction managed with Conservative inpatient nonoperative management with discussion of the proposed pharmacological protocol for the same. Case Details: A 45 year old Postmenopausal female diagnosed as carcinoma ovary stage iiic with left lower limb Deep Venous Thrombosis post multiple lines of chemotherapy including Paclitaxel plus Carboplatin, Etoposide, Tamoxifen and Liposomal Doxorubin, Malignant pleural effusion post thoracentesis was seen in the wards. A 31 year old Female a known case of moderately differentiated carcinoma colon with transmural infiltration and serosal seeding along with omental deposits with hepatic metastasis was seen in the casualty with signs of Multiple episodes of bilious vomiting with colicky abdominal pain and diagnosed to have malignant bowel obstruction on clinic radiological evaluation. Both these patients were provided non operative management of malignant bowel obstruction, were kept nil per oral, nasogastric decompression was performed with ryles tube insertion, antisecretory medication Inj Octreotide 100 ug three times daily, Anti Edema measures Inj Dexamethasone 8 mg intravrenous three times daily, Anti spasmodic and anti secretory medication Inj Hyoscine Butyl bromide 10 mg three times daily, inj Metronidazole 500 mg intravenous three times daily and Pain medication Inj Tramadol hydrochloride 50 mg intravenous in 100 ml of normal saline three times daily. Both these patients developed hyperglycemia which was managed with human regular insulin prescribed as per the sliding scale. Results: Ryles tube aspirate showed a decreasing trend and both the Patients achieved clinical resolution of symptoms underwent deintubation on Day 10 and Day 13 respectively and were taking oral feeds at the time of discharge. They were prescribed pharmacologic management of adhesive bowel obstruction consisting of Tab activated Dimethicone 40 mg three times daily, Tab Lactobacillus one tablet three times daily and Polyethylene glycol one satchet upto three times daily for 15 days at the time of discharge. Results: Resolution of symptoms can be achieved by providing non operative pharmacological management outlined above which consists of adequate hydration, parenteral nutrition when indicated, antibiotics, decongestive anti edema measures, anti spasmodic and anti secretory medication. Conclusion: Management of Hyperglycemia induced by Octreotide and Dexamethasone requires Insulin therapy. Optimum Duration, dosage and route of administration of Octreotide in management of Malignant Bowel Obstruction needs to be evaluated further.
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Bisht, Jyoti, Ravi Kant, Meenu Gupta, Vipul Nautiyal, Saurabh Bansal, Sunil Saini, and Mushtaq Ahmad. "Dosimetric evaluation of sigmoidal and bowel doses in the treatment of carcinoma of cervix using CT based volumetric imaging technique." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685397.

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Purpose: Radiation therapy is the main stray for the treatment of the cervical cancer. Normal organs such as bladder, rectum, sigmoid colon and bowel loops also get significant dose during treatment of carcinoma of cervix which often results late toxicity. The purpose of this study is evaluate CT image based volumetric doses of organ at risk and correlate the doses with the toxicity profile observed in cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Sixty high dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy applications were performed in thirty patients of carcinoma of cervix. External beam therapy was planned for 46 Gy in 23 fractions followed by two brachytherapy sessions of 9 Gy/session. External beam radiotherapy was given by four field box technique to each patient. CT based treatment planning was done for each intracavitary brachytherapy application. Dose volume histogram was used for analysis of volumetric dose parameters and correlated with the RTOG defined normal organ toxicity profile of the patients. Results: In the follow up of two years 2 (6.66%) patient had died, 12 (40%) patients had reported no significant problem, 3 (10%) patient got bladder toxicity of grade 2, 10 (33.33%) patients had reported small intestine toxicity of grade 1 and grade 2 while no information could be available for 3 (10%) patients. The average volume of rectum, sigmoid colon and bowel loops were 60.34 cc, 22.19 cc and 270.82 cc. The average, median and 2 cc volume doses for rectum 289 ± 121 cGy, 263 ± 113 cGy and 884 ± 444 cGy for sigmoid colon 409 ± 211 cGy, 366 ± 185 cGy and 693 ± 371 cGy resp. and for bowel loops 240 ± 169 cGy, 153 ± 59 cGy and 870 ± 222 cGy. The average and median sigmoid colon point doses were higher than rectum average (p= 0.000) and median doses (p =0.001) but 2cc volumetric doses of sigmoid colon are less than rectum 2cc volumetric doses (p = 0.013). For bowel loops the 2cc volumetric doses were much higher than average doses (p = 0.000) due to its large volume. The recto-sigmoidal toxicity profile were evaluated for sigmoidal max doses and rectum 2 cc volumetric dose profile. There was a poor correlation between rectum 2 cc volumetric dose and sigmoid 2 cc volumetric doses. Conclusion: According to dose toxicity profile, sigmoidal doses represent an important role for dose constrains but till now no protocol has been formed for reporting the sigmoidal doses. This study attracts the attention for reporting the sigmoidal and bowl loop doses. This study demonstrates the possibility and role of volumetric imaging and dosimetry for improvement in dose constraints.
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Terry, Benjamin S., Jonathan A. Schoen, Allison B. Lyle, and Mark E. Rentschler. "Preliminary Mechanical Characterization of the Small Bowel for In Vivo Mobility." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37010.

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In this work we present test methods, devices, and preliminary results for the mechanical characterization of the small bowel for intraluminal mobility. Both active and passive forces that affect mobility are investigated. The active forces are generated by the migrating motor complex and the movement of muscular organs within and surrounding the peritoneal cavity. Passive forces develop from the biomechanical response of the tissue, the tribology of the mucosa, mucoadhesion, and the orientation and mass of surrounding tissue. Four investigative devices and testing methods to characterize the active and passive forces are presented in this work. These are: 1) A novel manometer and a force sensor array that measure forces generated by the migrating motor complex; 2) A biaxial test apparatus and method for characterizing the biomechanical properties of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum; 3) A novel in vitro protocol and device designed to measure the force required to overcome mucoadhesion; 4) A novel tribometer that measures in vivo coefficient of friction between the mucus membrane and the robot surface.
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Carretero, C., C. Prieto de Frias, M. Olcoz, A. Bojorquez, and M. Munoz-Navas. "COMPARISON OF TWO DIFFERENT CLEANSING PROTOCOLS FOR SMALL BOWEL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY." In ESGE Days 2019. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1681941.

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Tiwari, Alok, Dhananjay Gughe, Radhika Dureja, and Satinder Kaur. "Synchronous primary malignancy of ovary and cervix with different histopathology: A rare case report." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685388.

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Concurrent different histopathological types of gynecologic tumors arise rarely. We present ovarian serous and cervical squamous cell carcinoma formed synchronously. A 51-year-old woman with a poor general condition was admitted with gradual distension of abdomen for 1 year with gradual loss of weight and appetite for the last three months and pain in the abdomen and irregular vaginal bleeding for the last two months. There was no family history of malignancy of genital tract, breast or colon. On examination she was cachexic, pale, dehydrated, tachypnoeic and had edema over feet. Per abdomen examination revealed solid, non-mobile palpable mass arising from pelvis. Per vaginal examination revealed large mass in pelvis and uterus can not be felt separately on per speculum examination there was small endocervical erosion, hypertrophied cervix. On per rectal examination bilateral parametria were free. Her tumor marker were evaluated and CA-125 was found to be raised (CA 125: 915.6 u/ml U/mL); rest tumor markers were normal. Cervical punch biopsy was suggestive of moderately differentiated carcinoma and pap smear was also suggestive of cervical cancer. MRI findings revealed a mass of altered signal intensity 2.5 × 1.5 × 2.2 cm with diffusion restriction and post contrast enhancement in the anterior lip of cervix and another large, lobulated predominantly solid mass, hypo intense on T1, intermediate on T2 with diffusion restriction and post contrast enhancement in the right adnexal region abutting the small bowel and sigmoid colon optimal debulking surgery with standard protocol was done. Histopathology report revealed squamous cell carcinoma of cervix, grade III and high grade serous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary. Tumour deposits from ovary were seen on right fallopian tube and right parametrium. Squamous cell carcinoma cervix involved ectocervix, endocervix and infiltrated near full thickness of cervical stroma, endomyometrium, vaginal cuff, paracervical tissue omentum and appendix were free of tumour. Twenty five right pelvic lymphnodes dissected were free of tumour, (00/25). One out of fifteen lymphnode dissected were involved with extra capsular extent, 01/15 and thirteen para aortic lymph node dissected were free of tumor. Immunohistochemistry markers: Ovarian mass-tumour cell expressed ck, vimentin, wt-1 with focal Ck positivity, no expression of ck20, p63, ck5/6 and CEA seen. Cervical tumour-tumour cells expressed ck, ck7, p63 and ck5/6 no expression of ck20, wt-1. Based on our case report we need to keep in mind that even if patient presents with symptoms pertaining to a single malignancy; still the rare possibility of synchronous malignancies should be looked for by doing proper investigations. In our case, patient had symptoms pertaining to ovarian malignancy; whereas cervical malignancy was diagnosed after investigating the patient. Histologic examination should be done properly as the prognosis depends on the malignancies being metastatic or synchronous one appropriate management should be offered in all such cases. Long term follow up of such patients should be maintained to determine the prognosis.
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Compton, Logan M., James L. Armes, and Gary L. Solbrekken. "Microfabrication of Single-Cell Scale Sample Holder for Scanning Thermal Analysis." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86947.

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Successful cryopreservation protocols have been developed for a limited number of cell types through an extensive amount of experimentation. To optimize current protocols and to develop more effective protocols for a larger range of cells and tissues it is imperative that accurate transport models be developed for the cooling process. Such models are dependent on the thermodynamic properties of intracellular and extracellular solutions, including heat capacity, latent heat, and the physical phase change temperatures. Scanning techniques, such as differential-scanning calorimetry (DSC) and differential thermal analysis (DTA), are effective tools for measuring those thermodynamic properties. Conventional thermal scanning tools require sample sizes that are multi-celled in nature. An issue with tools that require multiple cells is that the measurements effectively average the behavior of the cell sample, masking individual cell behavior. Further, extracellular solution further dismisses the desired measurement signal. It is hypothesized that evaluating thermodynamic properties of individual cells will allow more fundamental understanding of cell-level transport, and lead to more effective cryopreservation protocols. To detect a phase change within a prototypical mouse oocyte cell (∼100 μm diameter) sample holders for the scanning tools must be on the same order of size as the cell to reduce the relative thermal mass of the sample holder and to ultimately improve the measurement sensitivity. A proof-of-concept DTA sample holder with a ‘bowl’ to cradle the cell has been designed and fabricated using micro-electrical mechanical systems (MEMS) manufacturing techniques. Control software has been developed which is capable of providing any desired heating or cooling profile within a humidity controlled environment. Repeatable scans using water samples have been demonstrated.
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Reports on the topic "Bowel protocol"

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Yao, Chengjiao, Yilin Li, Mengjun Pu, Fengjiao Xie, Qin Xiong, Lihong Luo, and Peiming Feng. Traditional chinese medicine for irritable bowel syndrome: a protocol for meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.10.0052.

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Li, Yilin, Chenhjiao Yao, Rong Lei, Fengjiao Xie, Qin Xiong, Lihong Luo, and Peimin Feng. Acupuncture combined with Tongxieyaofang for diarrhea-type irritable bowel syndrome: a protocol for meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.10.0072.

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Li, Huaiyu, Yun Chen, Ziyi Hu, Jiawang Jiang, Jing Ye, Yuliang Zhou, Zhiying Yu, and Haiyi Tang. Effectiveness of acupuncture for anxiety and depression in irritable bowel syndrome：a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.2.0014.

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Li, Yachen, Sike Peng, Fangyuan Liang, Suzhen Liu, and Jia Li. Effectiveness of acupuncture for irritable bowel syndrome: Protocol for a scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.1.0117.

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Li, Huaiyu, Yun Chen, Ziyi Hu, Ying Yi, Jing Ye, Yuliang Zhou, Zhiying Yu, and Haiyi Tang. Comparison of acupuncture and pinaverium bromide in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome：a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.3.0068.

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Yang, Zhenhuan, Wenjing Liu, Xuefeng Zhou, Xianran Zhu, and Feiya Suo. The effectiveness and safety of curcumin as a complementary therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: a protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.9.0065.

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Kan, Zunqi, Wenli Yan, Huanyu Gao, Yuqing Fang, Ning Wang, and Yongmei Song. The Efficacy and Safety of Berberine for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0051.

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He, Ying, Rui Xu, Wei Wang, Jie Zhang, and Xiao-Yu Hu. Probiotics, Prebiotics, Antibiotic, Chinese Herbal Medicine, and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.5.0047.

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Jiang, Jiangwang, Yun Chen, Ziyi Hu, Huaiyu Li, Jing Ye, Zhiying Yu, and Haiyi Tang. Effectiveness of Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang combined with Si-Ni-San for irritable bowel syndrome: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.2.0075.

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Li, Jia, Chun Wang, Zhenmei Li, Bo Fu, Qi Han, and Mao Ye. Abnormalities of intrinsic brain activity in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of resting-state functional imaging. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.3.0108.

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