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Fehlinger, Luise. "Boundary constructions for CR manifolds and Fefferman spaces." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17020.
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In dieser Dissertation werden Cartan-Ränder von CR-Mannigfaltigkeiten und ihren Fefferman-Räumen besprochen. Der Fefferman-Raum einer strikt pseudo-konvexen CR-Mannigfaltigkeit ist als das Bündel aller reellen Strahlen im kanonischen, komplexen Linienbündel definiert. Eine andere Definition nutzt die Cartan-Geometrie und führt zu einer starken Beziehung zwischen den Cartan-Geometrien der CR-Mannigfaltigkeit und des zugehörigen Fefferman-Raumes. Allerdings wird hier die Existenz einer gewissen Wurzel des antikanonischen, komplexen Linienbündels, dessen Existenz nur lokal gesichert ist, vorausgesetzt. Für Randkonstruktionen benötigen wir jedoch eine globale Konstruktion des Fefferman-Raumes. Dennoch können lokale Resultate zum Fefferman-Raum von einer Konstruktion zur anderen übertragen werden können, da konforme Überlagerungen von beiden vorliegen. Der Cartan-Rand einer Mannigfaltigkeit wird mithilfe der zugehörigen Cartan-Geometrie konstruiert, welche eine globale Basis und damit auch eine Riemannsche Metrik auf dem Cartan-Bündel definiert, welches per Cauchy-Vervollständigung abgeschlossen wird. Division durch die Strukturgruppe ergibt den Cartan-Rand der Mannigfaltigkeit. Der Cartan-Rand ist eine Verallgemeinerung des Cauchy-Randes, da beide im Riemannschen übereinstimmen. Allgemein ist der Cartan-Rand nicht unbedingt Hausdorffsch, was nicht wirklich überrascht, sind doch Rand-Phänomene "irgendwie singulär". Wir stellen fest, dass für CR-Mannigfaltigkeit und ihre Fefferman-Räume die Projektion des Cartan-Randes des Fefferman-Raumes den Cartan-Rand der CR-Mannigfaltigkeit enthält. Schließlich betrachten wir die Heisenberg-Gruppe, eines der grundlegenden Beispiele für CR-Mannigfaltigkeiten. Sie ist flach aber - anders als der homogene Raum - nicht kompakt. Wir finden, dass der Cartan-Rand der Heisenberg-Gruppe ein einzelner Punkt und der Cartan-Rand des zugehörigen Fefferman-Raumes eine nicht-ausgeartete Faser über diesem ist.The aim of this thesis is to discuss the Cartan boundaries of CR manifolds and their Fefferman spaces. The Fefferman space of a strictly pseudo-convex CR manifold is defined as the bundle of all real rays in the canonical complex line bundle. Another way of defining the Fefferman space of a CR manifold uses the tools of Cartan geometry and leads to a strong relationship between the Cartan geometries of a CR manifold and the corresponding Fefferman space. However here the existence of a certain root of the anticanonical complex line bundle is requested which can solely be guarantied locally. As we are interested in boundaries we need a global construction of the Fefferman space. Still we find that local results on the Fefferman space can be transferred from one construction to the other since we have conformal coverings of both. The Cartan boundary of a manifold is constructed with the help of the corresponding Cartan geometry, which defines a global frame and hence a Riemannian metric on the Cartan bundle which can be completed by Cauchy completion. Division by the structure group gives the Cartan boundary of the manifold. The Cartan boundary is a generalization of the Cauchy boundary since both coincide in the Riemannian case. In general the Cartan boundary is not necessarily Hausdorff, which is not really surprising since boundary phenomena are somehow ``singular''''. For CR manifolds and their Fefferman spaces we especially prove that the projection of the Cartan boundary of the Fefferman space contains the Cartan boundary of the CR manifold. We finally discuss the Heisenberg group, one of the basic examples of CR manifolds. It is flat but - contrary to the homogeneous space - not compact. We find that the Cartan boundary of the Heisenberg group is a single point and the Cartan boundary of the corresponding Fefferman space is a non degenerate fibre over that point.
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Fehlinger, Luise [Verfasser], Helga [Akademischer Betreuer] Baum, Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Juhl, and Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Hammerl. "Boundary constructions for CR manifolds and Fefferman spaces / Luise Fehlinger. Gutachter: Helga Baum ; Andreas Juhl ; Matthias Hammerl." Berlin : Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2014. http://d-nb.info/105816533X/34.
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Michelucci, Dominique. "Les représentations par les frontières: quelques constructions ; difficultés rencontrées." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 1986. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00830369.
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Cette thèse traite de la construction de quelques représentations par les frontières, ou BREP (pour "Boundary REPresentation"), et des difficultés rencontrées. Aussi cette introduction rappelle-t-elle très brièvement ce que sont les BREP; on se reportera à [PERO 87] pour un exposé plus détaillé et pour d'autres références. La synthèse d'images et la CAO utilisent diverses modélisations des solides pour les visualiser et calculer leurs propriétés géométriques et mécaniques : masse, aire de l'enveloppe, centre de gravité, axes principaux d'inertie, etc. Plusieurs modèles informatiques des solides ont été proposés :
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Michelucci, Dominique. "Les représentations par les frontières : quelques constructions; difficultés rencontrées." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/83/03/69/PDF/1987_Michelucci_Dominique.pdf.
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La synthèse d'images et la CAO utilisent diverses modélisations des solides. Les représentations par les frontières "Boundary Representations" sont l'une d'elles. Leurs constructions se heurtent à plusieurs difficultés : l'imprécision numérique dont les conséquences néfastes ont peut être été sous-estimées, les possibles incohérences (comment être sûr qu'une représentation par frontières décrit bien un solide, au sens physique du terme?) provoquées par les imprécisions numériques et/ou la redondance des représentations par les frontières, et enfin le foisonnement des cas particuliers. Cette thèse détaille les difficultés et quelqes solutions nouvelles.
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Alaoui, Miloud. "Coherent structures and wall-pressure fluctuations modeling in turbulent boundary layers subjected to pressure gradients." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0077/document.
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L'écoulement autour des véhicules produit une couche limite turbulente très proche de la paroi. Le caractère turbulent induit des fluctuations de pression pariétale qui font vibrer les panneaux du véhicule. Ces vibrations sont alors transmises à travers la structure et rayonnent du bruit dans l’habitacle. Les niveaux sonores dus à l'écoulement augmentent avec la vitesse du véhicule. Pour cette raison, cette problématique connaît un intérêt croissant dans le secteur aéronautique.Le but de cette thèse est double : comprendre les mécanismes à l’origine de ces fluctuations de pression à la paroi et prédire l’excitation de la structure avion due à l’écoulement turbulent.Pour ce faire, des calculs Large Eddy Simulation (LES) sont disponibles. Il s’agit de bases de données numériques d’écoulements de couches limites turbulentes en présence de gradients de pression favorable, adverse et nul. Ceci permet de caractériser l’écoulement sur des géométries courbes telles que la pointe avant d’un avion. L’effet du gradient de pression sur des structures cohérentes de type « hairpins » et paquets de « hairpins » a pu être identifié et quantifié à travers des méthodes de visualisation et d’analyse statistique. Une méthode d’estimation stochastique du champ de vitesse a révélé la présence de tourbillons contra-rotatifs au-dessus des paquets de hairpins. Ces tourbillons ont une vorticité opposée à celle des hairpins et un modèle de « hairpins inversé » a été proposé.En s’inspirant du travail de Ahn et al. (2010), un modèle stochastique de spectre de la pression pariétale a été développé. Il s’agit de reconstruire un champ stochastique de vitesse instantanée et d’en déduire le champ de pression à la paroi en résolvant une équation de Poisson sur la pression. Le champ de vitesse est obtenu en soumettant des structures de type paquets de hairpins à un écoulement moyen. Les caractéristiques des paquets de hairpins en fonction du gradient de pression sont basées sur l’analyse des bases LES. Les résultats de ce modèle sont comparés à ceux issues de bases de données numériques et expérimentales. Enfin, ce modèle est utilisé pour caractériser l’écoulement de couche limite turbulente dans une simulation de Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) afin de prédire les niveaux de vibration des panneaux d’une portion de fuselage d’avionThe flow around vehicles creates a turbulent boundary layer in the vicinity of the wall. The turbulent behavior induces pressure fluctuations that make the panels vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted though the structure of the vehicle and radiate noise inside the cabin. The flow-induced noise levels increase with the speed of the vehicle. For this reason, aircraft manufacturers show a great interest in this topic.There are two objectives for this thesis: understand the mechanisms responsible for the wall-pressure fluctuations and predict this source of aircraft panel excitation.A study of available Large Eddy Simulation (LES) computations was performed. The database consists in simulations of turbulent boundary layer flows submitted to favorable, adverse and zero pressure gradients. This is necessary to understand the nature of the flow over curved geometries such as the aircraft flight deck. The effect of pressure gradients on coherent hairpin structures and hairpin packets could be identified and quantified based on visualization and statistical analysis methods. Linear stochastic estimation of the velocity fields revealed a pair of counter-rotating streamwise vortices above hairpin packets. These vortices have a vorticity opposite to that of the hairpins and an “inverse hairpin” model was proposed.Following the work of Ahn et al. (2010), a stochastic model for wall-pressure spectrum was developed. The idea is to build a stochastic turbulent velocity field using hairpin packets which are subjected to a mean flow. The characteristics of the packets depending on the pressure gradient are based on the analyses of the LES database. The pressure field at the wall is obtained by solving a Poisson equation. The results of the hairpin packet model are compared to numerical and experimental data. Finally, the model is used as input for a Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) simulation in order to predict the levels of vibrations of panels submitted to a turbulent boundary layer flow over a portion of an aircraft cabin
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Portioli, Marco. "Kapranov's realization of the moduli spaces of n-pointed stable curves of genus zero and generalizations." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13662/.
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This work presents an introduction to the geometry of the moduli space M_{0,n} of smooth algebraic curves of genus zero and presents two ways of compactifying it, yielding the space \overline{M}_{0,n}. In his first construction Kapranov, starting from a result by Castelnuovo, compactifies M_{0,n} by means of Veronese curves and their limit positions, yielding boundary divisors. On the other hand, Kapranov compactifies M_{0,n} by iterated blow-up of the projective space P^{n-3} at n-1 points in general position and at all linear spaces spanned by them, yielding exceptional divisors and the hyperplane class. Focusing on the correspondence between boundary divisors and Veronese curves and on the role of the hyperplane class, we show that there is a dictionary between boundary divisors, exceptional divisors and the hyperplane class. In particular, we present a realization of \overline{M}_{0,5} as a del Pezzo surface of degree 5 and we compare the space \overline{M}_{0,6} with the Segre cubic. We conclude by presenting some generalizations of Kapranov’s construction by Hassett and Losev Manin in order to appreciate the modular structure of the rounds of blow-up.
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Ashley, Michael John Siew Leung, and ashley@gravity psu edu. "Singularity theorems and the abstract boundary construction." The Australian National University. Faculty of Science, 2002. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20050209.165310.
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The abstract boundary construction of Scott and Szekeres has proven a practical
classification scheme for boundary points of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds. It
has also proved its utility in problems associated with the re-embedding of exact
solutions containing directional singularities in space-time. Moreover it provides
a model for singularities in space-time - essential singularities. However the literature
has been devoid of abstract boundary results which have results of direct
physical applicability.¶
This thesis presents several theorems on the existence of essential singularities
in space-time and on how the abstract boundary allows definition of optimal em-
beddings for depicting space-time. Firstly, a review of other boundary constructions
for space-time is made with particular emphasis on the deficiencies they possess for
describing singularities. The abstract boundary construction is then pedagogically
defined and an overview of previous research provided.¶
We prove that strongly causal, maximally extended space-times possess essential
singularities if and only if they possess incomplete causal geodesics. This result
creates a link between the Hawking-Penrose incompleteness theorems and the existence of essential singularities. Using this result again together with the work of
Beem on the stability of geodesic incompleteness it is possible to prove the stability
of existence for essential singularities.¶
Invariant topological contact properties of abstract boundary points are presented
for the first time and used to define partial cross sections, which are an
generalization of the notion of embedding for boundary points. Partial cross sections
are then used to define a model for an optimal embedding of space-time.¶
Finally we end with a presentation of the current research into the relationship
between curvature singularities and the abstract boundary. This work proposes
that the abstract boundary may provide the correct framework to prove curvature
singularity theorems for General Relativity. This exciting development would culminate over 30 years of research into the physical conditions required for curvature singularities in space-time.
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Cairns, Paul A. "Boundary properties and construction techniques in general topology." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b0235cac-0478-47a8-858a-5e195d257770.
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The aim of this thesis is twofold. First, we investigate spaces defined by asserting that their nowhere dense subsets have certain properties. Secondly, we develop some techniques for the construction of topological spaces. We consider spaces where the nowhere dense sets are asserted to have some property P, calling such spaces boundary-P. We show that if there are no Lusin spaces then every compact boundary-metrizable space is metrizable. Boundary-separability is also studied and we show that if there are no L-spaces then every boundary-separable space is separable. By adapting the absolute dimension function of Arhangel'skii, we define the new concept of cohesion. We show that every compact cohesive and every Hausdorff, sequential cohesive space is scattered. However, we construct regular, crowded spaces of all finite cohesions though there are no regular spaces of transfinite cohesion. We consider too the preservation of cohesion under various mappings and under the formation of products. Turning to construction, we consider the class of compact monotonically normal spaces. It is well-known that it contains the class of spaces which are the continuous images of compact ordered spaces but it is still open as to whether they are actually distinct classes. Using Watson's resolutions, we give a method for constructing monotonically normal spaces. Though this also preserves continuous images of arcs, we show that it is because of a powerful result of Cornette rather than any trivial observation. We also examine more closely monotone normality in images of compact ordered spaces using the Collins-Roscoe structuring mechanism. From this, we extract a strong instance of the mechanism, linear chain (F), which is held by all images of ordered compacta and all proto-metrizable spaces and implies Junnila's concept of utter normality. Elementary submodels are an important tool in the construction of topological spaces. We develop a general method for applying them in varying circumstances and illustrate it by constructing three examples: Balogh's Q-set space, Rudin's normal but not collectionwise Hausdorff space and Balogh's small Dowker space.
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Adams, Jon. "Unconventional therapies in general practice : boundary construction, identity and authentication." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22532.
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Forgues, Daniel. "Using boundary objects to generate better value in the construction industry." Thesis, University of Salford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490460.
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Value generation in construction is about meeting client requirements. Problems in handling client requirements within fragmented practices in sequential design and contractual arrangements are widely recognized. Some authors suggest reconfiguring project coalitions around integrated teams to overcome this problem. Little is said, however, about the impact of adopting this new form of work in traditional design practice, processes and tools, and about possible socio-cognitive barriers that may hinder the collaborative work of design professionals, clients and users.The aim of the research is to improve the abiUty of integrated teams to maximize value generation.
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Kapuka, Nehoa Hilma. "The making of Ruacana as place and its construction as future heritage." University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4121.
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Magister Artium - MARuacana is a town in northern Namibia, located on the border with Angola on the Kunene River. It is about 150 kilometres north of Oshakati. The town was established in the early 1970s by the South West Africa Water and Electricity Commission, to provide accommodation for the Ruacana Hydropower station staff. Having been established without forced removals, Ruacana was an ideal ‘apartheid town’ as only ‘white’ staff lived in the wall-fenced –off town. The ‘black’ staff, soldiers as well as those that provided services in the town, were accommodated in a nearby township known as Oshifo, A few years later, the South African colonial government established one of its largest army bases in Owambo ‘district’ to safeguard the hydropower station from possible guerrilla attacks. However, the town is rarely documented in academic or even South African colonial government publications. It is rather the hydropower complex that is well documented, where Ruacana is represented through its projects of modernization. Also, other than claims to natural heritage and a heritage of ethnicity, Ruacana town lacks formal invocations of heritage. Thus it is argued that Ruacana points to a different pattern of heritage production, as the future itself was planned as heritage. This study is an attempt to analyse how Ruacana became a place of a heritage of development, even though heritage is not formally acknowledged in the institutional structures.
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Peterson, Erik Fred. "Reconstituting a World: Constructing a Cube." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23679.
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The following is an exploration into the composition and construction of a marine research laboratory situated on a remote sea cliff off the coast of Norway. The settlement is composed as a model of the world. Located at the chaotic boundary of earth, sea and sky, the construction acts against these forces as threshold and counterpoint. It is the reconstitution of a world, a settlement, a center in a perceived infinity.
Master of Architecture
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Stigner, Carl. "A classifying algebra for CFT boundary conditions." Licentiate thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Technology and Science, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-4890.
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Conformal field theories (CFT) constitute an interesting class of twodimensionalquantum field theories, with applications in string theoryas well as condensed matter physics. The symmetries of a CFT can beencoded in the mathematical structure of a conformal vertex algebra.The rational CFT’s are distinguished by the property that the categoryof representations of the vertex algebra is a modular tensor category.The solution of a rational CFT can be split off into two separate tasks, apurely complex analytic and a purely algebraic part.
The TFT-construction gives a solution to the second part of the problem.This construction gets its name from one of the crucial ingredients,a three-dimensional topological field theory (TFT). The correlators obtainedby the TFT-construction satisfy all consistency conditions of thetheory. Among them are the factorization constraints, whose implicationsfor boundary conditions are the main topic of this thesis.
The main result reviewed in this thesis is that the factorization constraintsgive rise to a semisimple commutative associative complex algebrawhose irreducible representations are the so-called reflection coefficients.The reflection coefficients capture essential information aboutboundary conditions, such as ground-state degeneracies and Ramond-Ramond charges of string compactifications. We also show that the annuluspartition function can be derived fromthis classifying algebra andits representation theory.
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Baig, Saood Saeed. "A simple moving boundary technique and its application to supersonic inlet starting /." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112555.
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In this thesis, a simple moving boundary technique has been suggested, implemented and verified. The technique may be considered as a generalization of the well-known "ghost" cell approach for boundary condition implementation. According to the proposed idea, the moving body does not appear on the computational grid and is allowed to move over the grid. The impermeable wall boundary condition is enforced by assigning proper gasdynamic values at the grid nodes located inside the moving body close to its boundaries (ghost nodes). The reflection principle taking into account the velocity of the boundaries assigns values at the ghost nodes. The new method does not impose any particular restrictions on the geometry, deformation and law of motion of the moving body.The developed technique is rather general and can be used with virtually any finite-volume or finite-difference scheme, since the modifications of the schemes themselves are not required. In the present study the proposed technique has been incorporated into a one-dimensional non-adaptive Euler code and a two-dimensional locally adaptive unstructured Euler code.
It is shown that the new approach is conservative with the order of approximation near the moving boundaries. To reduce the conservation error, it is beneficial to use the method in conjunction with local grid adaptation.
The technique is verified for a number of one and two dimensional test cases with analytical solutions. It is applied to the problem of supersonic inlet starting via variable geometry approach. At first, a classical starting technique of changing exit area by a moving wedge is numerically simulated. Then, the feasibility of some novel ideas such as a collapsing frontal body and "tractor-rocket" are explored.
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Taboada, Efren De Jesus Rangel. "Improved Signal Integrity in IEEE 1149.1 Boundary Scan Designs." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd587.pdf.
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Dombre, Emmanuel. "Modélisation non-linéaire des interactions vague-structure appliquée à des flotteurs d'éoliennes off-shore." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PEST1050/document.
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Cette thèse est consacrée à l'étude numérique des interactions non-linéaires entre des vagues et un corps rigide perçant la surface libre. La méthode développée repose sur un modèle d'éléments de frontière qui réduit la dimensionnalité du problème d'une dimension. Dans un premier temps, un modèle2D est appliqué à des géométries simples et permet de démontrer la pertinence de l'approche envisagée pour la prédiction des mouvements d'une structure flottante soumise à des vagues monochromatiques régulières. Dans un second temps, en nous inspirant d'un modèle potentiel non-linéaire 3D développé par Grilli textit{et al.}~cite{grilli2001fully}, nous proposons une généralisation de la méthode pour des maillages triangulaires non-structurés de surfaces 3D. Le modèle développé permet de traiter des configurations arbitraires de plusieurs cylindres verticaux en interaction avec les vagues. Nous présentons des cas de validation de nature académique qui permettent d'apprécier le comportement du modèle numérique. Puis nous nous tournons vers l'application visée par EDF R&D, qui concerne le dimensionnement d'éoliennes off-shore flottantes. Un flotteur de type semi-submersible est évalué à l'aide du modèle non-linéaireThis PhD work is devoted to the study of nonlinear interactions between waves and floating rigid structures. The developed model relies on a boundary element method which reduces the dimensionality of the problem by one. First, a 2D model is applied to basic geometries and allows us to demonstrate the validity of the method for predicting the motion of a floating structrure subject to incoming monochromatic regular waves. Secondly, getting inspired by the 3D fully nonlinear potential flow model of Grilli textit{et al.}~cite{grilli2001fully}, we propose a novel model which generalizes the method for unstructured triangular meshes of 3D surfaces. The proposed model is able to deal with arbitrary configurations of multiple vertical cylinders interacting with the waves. We present academic validation test cases which show how the model works and behaves. Finally, we study situations of interest for EDF R&D related to floating off-shore wind turbines. A semi-submersible platform is evaluated with the nonlinear model
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Tekin, Koray Serdar. "Design And Construction Of Boundary Lubricated Bearing Test Rig And Wear Analysis In Earthmoving Machinery." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612751/index.pdf.
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Excavators which used as earthmoving machinery are exposed to heavy loads and operate long hours repeatedly. The forces that are transmitted trough pin bearings are observed to cause failure due to wear. Therefore, durability of bearings is crucial for excavators. The aim of this study is to perform wear analysis of excavator bearings running in boundary lubrication regime. A hydraulically powered test rig, which simulates the operating conditions of excavator bearings is designed and constructed. Wear is obtained applying both force and relative motion between pin and bearing on the test rig. Several tests are performed in this test bench. Force and material type are varied as the factors influencing wear. Results are compared and the effects of the factors on wear are determined.
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Deverell, Katherine Elisabeth. "Sexuality, work and professionalism : a qualitative study of boundary construction by HIV prevention outreach workers." Thesis, Keele University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362164.
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Schwartz, David Asa. "Shifting signifier on the sidelines : memory and boundary work in the construction of Joe Paterno." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3185.
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Using myth, media memory, and boundary work as the theoretical underpinnings, this research aims to understand how journalists manipulated meanings assigned to a single subject over a long period of time. The research explores how journalists shaped and reshaped former Penn State University football coach Joe Paterno, and how journalists imprinted evolving cultural values on Paterno. As “what matters” within a culture shifts, the journalistic narrative of authority figures and heroes shifts along with it to reflect new or emerging cultural values.
The research also examined what happens to a profession when it faces severe structural unrest. In this case, disruption to the Paterno narrative was caused by new technologies that increased access to the profession. To accomplish these research goals, the researcher employed qualitative and historical research methods, including archival research, textual analysis of newspaper, magazine, and online articles, and a critical historical analysis that allowed for input from multiple paradigms.
The examination of shifting, long-term journalistic narrative matters because it helps us understand how cultures respond and adapt to gradual changes in values or sudden moments of public trauma. This research also offers journalism professionals insights into how new technologies affect industrial structures.
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Ruvald, Ryan. "Prototyping for Product-Service Systems innovation : Insights from the construction equipment industry." Licentiate thesis, Karlskrona, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-18964.
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To radically increase the value delivered to the customers in the construction industry a concerted effort is needed to develop solutions beyond incremental adjustments. Simply providing add-on services to existing products does not effectively create solutions with enough gains in core customer values. Designing and developing a product service system (PSS) through the adjustment or reconfiguration of existing elements is a challenge on its own, and adding the design of new elements serves to confound the process even further. By realigning all components of a PSS from inception to a function provides an opportunity to escape current product limitations and explore new solutions with potentially higher value. Designing a new PSS solution from scratch comes with added ambiguity in an expanded solution space. The aim of this thesis is to investigate early conceptual phases of PSS innovation within the domain of construction equipment manufacturing. The research included the development and testing of a prototyping method to foster customer co-creation and transdisciplinary design which are considered primary impact factors increasing the value of final PSS solutions. The work was performed in collaboration with a construction equipment manufacturer, conducting a demonstrator project on an electric and autonomous production site. The thesis first depicts how the prototyping method can be implemented to enable stakeholder insights that were previously not accessible through current practices. This leads to the testing of the method in a broader perspective to represent tangible and intangible elements in a way that facilitates concept design decisions in multi-disciplinary settings. The thesis concludes by exploring the limitations on current practices in relation to the adoption and potential use of the method.
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Salmonsson, Lisa. "The 'Other' Doctor : Boundary work within the Swedish medical profession." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-223490.
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This thesis is about medical doctors with immigrant backgrounds who work in Sweden. Based on 15 qualitative interviews with medical doctors with immigrant backgrounds, this thesis explores the medical doctors’ feeling of professional belonging and boundary work. This thesis focuses mainly on the doctors’ experiences of being part of the Swedish medical profession while, at the same time, being regarded as ‘different’ from their Swedish medical counterparts. It starts off with the idea that medical doctors with immigrant backgrounds may have, or could be regarded as having, contradictory social positions. By virtue of being part of the Swedish medical profession, they belong to one of the most privileged groups in Swedish society. However, due to their immigrant background these doctors do not necessarily occupy a privileged position either within their profession or in society in general. This thesis shows that doctors with immigrant backgrounds feel that they are not perceived as full-fledged doctors, which seem related to how they are somewhat ‘othered'. The results show that these doctors cope with being seen as different from doctor with non-immigrant backgrounds, by using the notion of ‘migranthood’ as a resource in negotiations in everyday work life but they also do what they can to overcome the boundaries of ‘Swedishness’. Belonging should therefore be seen as having a formal and an informal side, as getting a Swedish license does not automatically mean that you feel belonging to, in this case, the Swedish medical profession. This seems to put doctors with immigrant backgrounds in a somewhat outsider within position, which seems having to do with boundaries between who is included in the ‘us’ and in the ‘them’. Lastly, these findings indicate that sociologists need to expand the understanding of professional groups to also include boundary work within these groups. In order to do so, this thesis argues that sociological theory on professional groups could be combined with sociological theory about social positions as that is one way to understand the outsider-within position that these doctors (and presumably other skilled migrants) have to cope with.
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Kontos, Adamos C. "Construction of boundary matched equivalents for off-line lead-flow-type studies and transient stability analysis." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13697.
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Buchele, Suzanne Fox. "Three-dimensional binary space partitioning tree and constructive solid geometry tree construction from algebraic boundary representations /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Sanz, Rodrigo Javier. "On antarctic wind engineering." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209953.
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Antarctic Wind Engineering deals with the effects of wind on the built environment. The assessment of wind induced forces, wind resource and wind driven snowdrifts are the main tasks for a wind engineer when participating on the design of an Antarctic building. While conventional Wind Engineering techniques are generally applicable to the Antarctic environment, there are some aspects that require further analysis due to the special characteristics of the Antarctic wind climate and its boundary layer meteorology. The first issue in remote places like Antarctica is the lack of site wind measurements and meteorological information in general. In order to complement this shortage of information various meteorological databases have been surveyed. Global Reanalyses, produced by the European Met Office ECMWF, and RACMO/ANT mesoscale model simulations, produced by the Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research of Utrecht University (IMAU), have been validated versus independent observations from a network of 115 automatic weather stations. The resolution of these models, of some tens of kilometers, is sufficient to characterize the wind climate in areas of smooth topography like the interior plateaus or the coastal ice shelves. In contrast, in escarpment and coastal areas, where the terrain gets rugged and katabatic winds are further intensified in confluence zones, the models lack resolution and underestimate the wind velocity.
The Antarctic atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is characterized by the presence of strong katabatic winds that are generated by the presence of surface temperature inversions in sloping terrain. This inversion is persistent in Antarctica due to an almost continuous cooling by longwave radiation, especially during the winter night. As a result, the ABL is stably stratified most of the time and, only when the wind speed is high it becomes near neutrally stratified. This thesis also aims at making a critical review of the hypothesis underlying wind engineering models when extreme boundary layer situations are faced. It will be shown that the classical approach of assuming a neutral log-law in the surface layer can hold for studies of wind loading under strong winds but can be of limited use when detailed assessments are pursued.
The Antarctic landscape, mostly composed of very long fetches of ice covered terrain, makes it an optimum natural laboratory for the development of homogeneous boundary layers, which are a basic need for the formulation of ABL theories. Flux-profile measurements, made at Halley Research Station in the Brunt Ice Shelf by the British Antarctic Survery (BAS), have been used to analyze boundary layer similarity in view of formulating a one-dimensional ABL model. A 1D model of the neutral and stable boundary layer with a transport model for blowing snow has been implemented and verified versus test cases of the literature. A validation of quasi-stationary homogeneous profiles at different levels of stability confirms that such 1D models can be used to classify wind profiles to be used as boundary conditions for detailed 3D computational wind engineering studies.
A summary of the wind engineering activities carried out during the design of the Antarctic Research Station is provided as contextual reference and point of departure of this thesis. An elevated building on top of sloping terrain and connected to an under-snow garage constitutes a challenging environment for building design. Building aerodynamics and snowdrift management were tested in the von Karman Institute L1B wind tunnel for different building geometries and ridge integrations. Not only for safety and cost reduction but also for the integration of renewable energies, important benefits in the design of a building can be achieved if wind engineering is considered since the conceptual phase of the integrated building design process.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
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Emran, Tamir Ali. "Tesla Turbine Torque Modeling for Construction of a Dynamometer and Turbine." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc67979/.
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While conventional turbines have been extensively researched and tested, Tesla and boundary layer type turbines have not. In order to construct a dynamometer, thermodynamic flow apparatus and future turbines, we modeled the Tesla turbine using theoretical calculations and preliminary experiments. Thus a series of experiments were run to determine stall torque and maximum run speed for a known pressure range. This data was then applied to modeling formulas to estimate stall torque over an extended range of variables. The data were then used to design an appropriate dynamometer and airflow experiment. The model data also served to estimate various specifications and power output of the future turbine. An Obi Laser SSTG‐001 Tesla turbine was used in the experiments described. Experimental stall torque measurements were conducted in two stages. Shaft speed measurements were taken with an optical laser tachometer and Tesla turbine stall torque was measured using a spring force gauge. Two methods were chosen to model Tesla turbine stall torque: 1) flow over flat plate and 2) free vortex with a sink. A functional dynamometer and thermodynamic apparatus were constructed once the model was confirmed to be within the experimental uncertainty. Results of the experiments show that the experimental turbine at 65 PSI has a speed of approximately 27,000 RPM and a measured stall torque of 0.1279 N‐m. 65 PSI is an important data point because that data set is the cut‐off from laminar to turbulent flow. Thus at 65 PSI, a rejection of the null hypothesis for research question one with respect to the flow over flat plate method can be seen from the data, while the vortex model results in a failure to reject the null hypothesis. In conclusion, the experimental turbine was seen to have a laminar and a turbulent flow regime at different air pressures, rather than the assumed laminar flow regime. As a result of this model work, a new Tesla turbine of different dimensions was designed to adjust for flaws in the experimental turbine. The theoretical stall torque models were then applied to the new Tesla turbine design. Results of the models show that the vortex model sets the upper bound for theoretical stall torque for the new and the flat plate flow model sets the lower bound.
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Andersson, Lucas. "Shadow effects in open cross-sections : An analysis of steel temperatures with COMSOL Multiphysics, TASEF and Eurocode." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Byggkonstruktion och brand, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-70086.
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Steel is a material commonly used in various constructions such as high-rise buildings, sport arenas, ships etc. Steel is a versatile building material due to its isotropic characteristics, e.g. both high tensile- and compressive strength. This allows steel to be formed into open section profiles which reduces material usage but simultaneously allows the tensile- and compressive stress resistance to be high in directions were loads are applied. Although steel has a high stress resistance its sensitivity to fire is larger than other building materials due to its high thermal conductivity. The strength of the material is reduced at higher temperatures and thereby makes the dimensioning of beams in fire cases vital in fire safety design of structural elements. An aspect to consider when dimensioning open section building elements in steel is the shadow effect. The shadow effect is the result of the open cross-section geometrical shape of beams and columns, e.g. H-profiles. The interior of the profile is screened from thermal radiation caused by fire which makes the characteristics of the thermal exposure different from closed cross-section profiles. A common way to estimate the temperatures of steel after a certain time of fire exposure is to use numerical calculations described in Eurocode. In these calculations the shadow effect is applied as a reduction of the total heat exchange, i.e. both convection and thermal radiation, from the fire exposure. A more realistic approach is to separate these boundary conditions and treat them as independent quantities. Wickström (2001) argues that a void is created within the flanges and that reduction factor thereby only should be applied to the radiative part of the total heat exchange, acting as a reduction of surface emissivity within the profile. This, since the convection is not affected by the shadow effect. Wickströms (2001) suggestion of application has been investigated in this thesis and has showed a better correlation than the approach suggested in Eurocode when compared to experimental tests. Shadow effects calculated on the premises of separated boundary conditions for the total heat exchange has of yet only been investigated in detail with TASEF+-simulations, but these simulations predicts steel temperatures with satisfactory results. It is possible to reproduce a similar setup in the program COMSOL Multiphysics in two-dimensional simulations, and further three-dimensional simulations. This possibility has been investigated in this thesis. COMSOL Multiphysics has proven to be an adequate tool when it comes to simulate fire exposure on slender steel beam with shadow effects considered. Both three- and two-dimensional models produced simulation results correlating well to simulations conducted in TASEF. Additionally, adequate correlations with experimental tests were obtained for COMSOL Multiphysics as well. Further work regarding fire simulations with the utilisation of COMSOL Multiphysics is thereby suggested.
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Haagensen, Nicholas. "European Legal Networks in Crisis: The Legal Construction of Economic Policy." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/307857/3/PhDfinal.pdf.
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This dissertation investigates how legal and policy professionals have legally constructed the economic policy and governance of the EU since the beginning of the Eurozone crisis onwards. It follows the legal and policy professionals who received the mandate to enable and consolidate solutions, as well as defend these solutions in court. By tracing the practices and trajectories of these agents, I show how, during an unfolding crisis, economic policy and governance becomes legally constructed and changes the terms of legitimation for EU economic governance. The stakes involved for the professionals involved also change. In this way, the dissertation speaks to the question of how intrusive political power has been legitimated during the Eurozone crisis and what this means for the legitimacy of European governance. Theoretically, this thesis develops a Bourdieusian field approach that is adapted to the transnational and diachronic context of the Eurozone crisis, as it unfolded from the end of 2009 until the adjudication of key high-profile court cases before the Court of Justice of the European Union. Drawing on boundary work, bricolage, and network interactions to analyse the practices of legal and policy professionals, the process of enabling and consolidating solutions is elaborated. Attention is given to how this process engenders stakes for the professionals in this emerging euro-crisis law field, and what this means for emerging legal terms of legitimation for economic governance.Methodologically, field-based and social network analysis are combined in two distinct ways. First, by employing a temporally-focussed network analysis, which caters for change by measuring the shifting centrality of legal and policy professionals over time, I show which professionals have had a high-level of involvement in dealing with crisis issues. This then permits the construction of a referral network based on how these professionals refer to their peers. The involvement of the professionals is further articulated as their accumulated symbolic capital: i.e. their involvement together with being perceived to know well. From this, I infer a species of symbolic capital unique to being part of the Eurozone crisis policy response: juridical capital.This dissertation adds to scholarship on the Eurozone crisis by creating a theoretical framework based on Bourdieusian fields, which utilises a network analytical approach to show how the practices and interactions of legal and policy professionals reconfigure the transnational contexts that are implicated in the crisis policy response. Moreover, it is shown how these professionals’ practices enable solutions that are contested before the Court of Justice of the European Union, putting the Court in a position where it has to bring the definitional power of the law to bear on the actions of EU institutions and the Eurogroup. The Court must decide how responsibility should be attributed. The dissertation shows how legal and policy professionals developed practices, using jurisdictional and constitutionalising logics, and deployed at different times during the crisis, enabled and consolidated processes of legal integration and differentiation.Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Kremmel, Susan. "Understanding Eating Boundaries: A Study of Vegetarian Identities." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001604.
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Laukaitytė, Inga. "Construction and analysis of numerical methods for solution of laser physics and nonlinear optics problems." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100618_192503-20287.
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Mathematical models describing the Q-switched laser generation, which is a widely used laser technique for producing short intense pulses of light, belong to the class of semi-nonlinear models where only source terms nonlinearly depend on the solution. Numerical methods for solution of systems of semi-nonlinear partial differential equations have been extensively studied in many papers. Schrödinger-type equations, parabolic-type equations or general diffusion-reaction models arise in nonlinear optics. Such differential problems are solved mainly by finite-difference and Galerkin methods. The convergence analysis is based on the stability analysis of the linearized problems.
The construction and theoretical analysis of discrete schemes for one-dimensional problem give a basis for a numerical solution of more general two-dimensional and three-dimensional problems where a diffraction process is taken into account. The two-dimensional problem simulates the dynamics of high-power semiconductor lasers. To solve the problems simulating propagation of photon fluxes in the nonlinear disperse medium, the finite-difference time-domain method is used. However, the major drawback of this method is that the computational domain must be sufficiently large. In order to restrict the computational domain and to solve the problem only in the region of interest, special artificial boundary conditions are investigated.
The three-dimensional problem simulates an interaction of counter propagating... [to full text]Disertacijoje nagrinėjami kai kurių lazerių fizikos ir netiesinės optikos uždavinių skaitinės analizės metodai. Tiriami trys pagrindiniai atvejai: bėgančias plokščias bangas aprašantis vienmatis, bėgančias difraguojančias bangas nagrinėjantis dvimatis ir lazerio pluoštų sąveiką netiesinėje Kero terpėje modeliuojantis trimatis modeliai. Šiuos uždavinius sieja pernešimo diferencialinės lygtys dalinėmis išvestinėmis, aprašančios į priešingas puses sklindančias lazerio bangas. Dvimačiame ir trimačiame uždaviniuose sprendžiamos dalinių išvestinių Šrėdingerio (ang. Schrödinger) tipo diferencialinės lygtys. Šiems matematiniams modeliams sudarytos baigtinių skirtumų schemos, atlikta jų analizė ir pagrindimas. Skaitinių eksperimentų realizacijai sukurti lygiagretieji algoritmai, jie yra būtini atliekant didelių resursų reikalaujančius skaičiavimus. Disertaciją sudaro įvadas, keturi skyriai, rezultatų apibendrinimas, naudotos literatūros ir autoriaus publikacijų disertacijos tema sarašai. Įvadiniame skyriuje aptariama tiriamoji problema, darbo aktualumas, aprašomas tyrimų objektas, formuluojamas darbo tikslas bei uždaviniai, aprašoma tyrimų metodika, darbo mokslinis naujumas, darbo rezultatų praktinė reikšmė, ginamieji teiginiai. Įvado pabaigoje pristatomos disertacijos tema autoriaus paskelbtos publikacijos ir pranešimai konferencijose bei disertacijos struktūra. Pirmasis skyrius skirtas mokslinės literatūros apžvalgai ir supažindinimui su netiesinės optikos sąvokomis bei... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Leggett, Kailie B. "“I Really Don’t Look for Certifications, It All Has to Do With Personal Relationships”: The Construction of a Meat Philosophy and Innovation Adoption by Culinary Professionals in the Rocky Mountain Region." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7385.
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Demand for new methods of beef production is rising due to concern over potential impacts on human health, animal welfare, and the environment. Researchers at Utah State University have developed a method of beef production from cattle finished on tannin-containing legume forages in the Rocky Mountain Region in order to address those concerns. To ensure success of this product, the demand and marketability needed to be assessed. Food values addressed through new production standards and certifications are communicated through labeling by culinary professionals in the kitchen and behind service counters. This research study utilized qualitative methods to understand how culinary leaders construct meaning regarding non-conventional beef. A discursive analysis of labels, menus, and websites revealed that storytelling and branding are more important than third-party certifications. Thematic analysis of interviews with culinary professionals discovered participants are open to new products but environmental concern was tempered by concern for pleasing customers and hindered by planning a menu around consistency and quality. This research found that the success of beef from cattle finished on tannin-containing legume forages is dependent on the benefits being communicated in a way that emphasizes authenticity, tradition, and standards of quality necessary for culinary professionals.
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Desmond, Martin, and Henrik Hansson. "The safety manager as a boundary spanner between communities of practice : The employment of a safety manager in a Swedish construction company." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-212069.
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Safety is an important concern within the construction industry. Many different management strategies exist in the literature, but despite ambitious efforts to improve the safety and prevent accidents, the accident incidence is still unacceptably high. This paper examines the employment of a safety manager in the Swedish construction industry as a strategy to foster a better safety culture, and discusses how the safety manager should approach the project based organisation (PBO). The study uses an abductive approach with an iteration of interviews, observations and a literature study to gain deeper knowledge of the subject. The research comprises a cross sectional interview study of semi-structured interviews to narrate the role of the safety manager accompanied with a short survey. The study is limited to three projects of one Swedish construction company, and a new role not yet established in the company. Furthermore, the study uses a human resource management approach with focus on communities of practice and boundary spanning. The findings report that the safety managers take on a role as a boundary spanning link between well-established but unsynchronized communities of practice. The identified communities are the HR department and the PBOs. Furthermore, the safety manager functions as a “double-sided” boundary spanner, to broke knowledge and support employees to achieve a satisfactory safety culture. However, the narratives express a present ambiguity and a need to clarify the role and its responsibilities regarding safety in the PBO. The thesis contributes with insights of the safety manager’s practice and discusses how safety knowledge should be transferred between communities of practice in the fragmented PBO and its high level of tacit knowledge.Arbetsmiljö och säkerhet är ett viktigt ämne inom byggbranschen. Många olika strategier och metoder för att förbättra arbetsmiljön finns också tillgängliga. Trots detta inträffar alltför många olycksfall. Denna studie undersöker strategin att anställa en safety manager i den svenska byggbranschen för att främja en bättre säkerhetskultur samt diskuterar hur en safety manager bör utöva sin profession. Ett kvalitativt abduktivt arbetssätt har tillämpats där intervjuer och observationer har växlats med litteraturstudier för att erhålla förståelse av ämnet. Studien är en multipel tvärsnittsfallstudie med semistrukturerade intervjuer samt en mindre enkätundersökning. Studien omfattar tre projekt i ett svenskt företag. Det teoretiska perspektivet utgår från, samt begränsas av koncepten human resource management (HRM), communities of practice och boundary spanning. Resultatet visar att safety managern kan fungera som en boundary role som länkar ihop olika osynkroniserade communities. Det identifieras att effektiv boundary spanning kan ske mellan HR-avdelningen och projektorganisationerna samt mellan produktionsledningen och yrkesarbetarna inom projektorganisationerna. Safety managern blir en double-sided boundary spanner som knowledge broker samt en support för anställda för att främja en god säkerhetskultur. Resultatet visar samtidigt att det råder oklarheter kring rollen och att bland annat ansvarsområden behöver förtydligas för att nå full potential. Studien bidrar med insikter i hur safety manager-rollen uppfattas och hur den fungerar, samt hur den kan förbättras. Vidare bidrar studien med förståelse för hur rollen kan främja kunskapsöverföring avseende arbetsmiljö mellan communities där hög grad av tyst kunskap råder.
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Billings, Linda. "Sex! Aliens! Harvard? rhetorical boundary-work in the media (a case study of the role of journalists in the social construction of scientific authority) /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3204281.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, School of Journalism, 2005.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-01, Section: A, page: 0015. Adviser: S. Holly Stocking. "Title from dissertation home page (viewed Dec. 12, 2006)."
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Mokashi, Prasad Shrikant. "Numerical modeling of homogeneous and bimaterial crack tip and interfacial cohesive zones with various traction-displacement laws." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1180621217.
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Lamboley, Lydia. "Are stories just stories? : An analysis of the effect of intergenerational narratives about communism on ethnic identity." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105179.
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Post-dictatorship reconstruction is a recurrent research topic in peace and development. Memories and the remembrance of the past, at the collective or family level can impact populations years after the beginning of their democratisation processes. The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of intergenerational transmission of memories about communism within the family on the ethnic identity of younger generations born after it. It focuses on the generation of Hungarians living in Transylvania, born after the fall of communism in 1989, which parents grew up in the same region and experienced Ceausescu’s communist dictatorship. This paper relies on the concepts of intergenerational narratives, symbolic ethnic boundaries, and psychology theories about their effect on identity, and data from qualitative interviews and focus groups. Through a thematic analysis and a narrative discourse analysis from discursive psychology, the results show that to a certain extent, memories can be used to strengthen the ethnic identity and ethnic boundaries of the younger generations. It has also concluded that it could amplify their segregation in the future, although discriminations based on the proficiency in the Romanian language seem to be its main driver.
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Djäken, Eric, and Bergendahl Karin Norell. "Samverkansoptimering i projekteringsfasen." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259950.
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Relationen mellan entreprenörer och beställare i byggbranschen har ofta en brist på tillit vilket är ogynnsamt både för projekten och den involverade personalen. Mycket tid läggs på att hantera tvister och det finns ett antagande att parterna är ute efter att lura varandra till egen vinning. Det blir i sin tur ett negativ utfall för både entreprenören och beställaren då det bidrar till att projekten ofta blir dyrare och tar längre tid än nödvändigt. Dessvärre har branschen sett ut så väldigt länge men det finns bättre sätt att arbeta på. NCC:s affärsområden NCC Building Sweden och NCC Property Development arbetar tillsammans i partneringavtalsprojekt och har under de projekt de arbetat i byggt upp en relation som skapar trevlig arbetsmiljö och väl genomförda projekt. De arbetar med ekonomiskt incitament som gör att tiden som läggs på att hantera vem som blir betalningsskyldig vid ändringar och liknande minimeras. Trots att den nära och välutvecklade relationen ger många positiva effekter finns det brister även i dessa projekt. Det finns en viss otydlighet mellan parterna och rollerna som bidrar till att vissa frågor och ansvarsområden saknar ägare. Det är även mycket information om arbetssätt och beslut som hamnar på individnivå på grund av att dokumentation utelämnas, vilket i sin tur gör det svårt för ny personal att komma in i projekten och man går miste om erfarenheter från tidigare projekt. Rapporten undersöker hur partneringavtalsprojekten skiljer sig från NCC dokumenterade sätt att arbeta. Syftet är att finna sätt att optimera samarbetet mellan NCC Building Sweden och NCC Property Development och i förlängning finna sätt att skapa mer tydlighet samt bättre sätt att hantera ny personal i projekten. Med hjälp av noga granskning av den dokumenterade processen och intervjuer kan jämförelser mellan arbetssätten göras för att utforma resultat. Resultatet används sedan för att hitta fördelar och nackdelar med projekt med partneringavtal samt komma fram till sätt att optimera samarbetet i dessa projekt. Intervjuer visar att partneringavtalsprojekten är fördelaktiga på många vis men det skulle behövas tydliga gränsdragningslistor över ansvarsfördelningen mellan beställare och entreprenör och mellan de olika rollerna hos parterna. För att förbättra förutsättningar för kommande projekt och lättare ta in ny personal behövs bättre dokumentation över arbetssätt och erfarenheter.The relationship between contractor and developer in the construction industry often has a lack of trust, which is unfavorable for both the projects and the staff involved. A lot of time is spent on dealing with disputes and there is an assumption that the parties are looking to con each other to their own gain. This leads to a negative outcome for both the contractor and the developer, as this contributes to the projects often becoming more expensive and more time consuming than necessary. Unfortunately, the industry has been like this for a long time, but there are better ways to work. NCC's business areas NCC Building Sweden and NCC Property Development are working together in projects with partnering agreement and during these projects they have managed to build a relationship that creates a more pleasant work environment and well-executed projects. They work with financial incentives, which means that the time spent managing who are liable for payment in the event of changes or similar is minimized. Although this close and well-developed relationship has many positive effects, there are also shortcomings in these projects. There is a certain lack of clarity between the parties and the roles that contribute to certain issues and areas of responsibility lacking owners. There is also a lot of information about working methods and decisions that end up at the individual level due to the fact that documentation is omitted. This makes it difficult for new staff to enter the projects and one loses out on experiences from previous projects. The report looks in to how the projects with partnering agreement differ from NCC's documented ways of working. The purpose is to find ways to optimize the cooperation between NCC Building Sweden and NCC Property Development and, by extension, find ways to create more clarity and better ways to manage new staff in the projects. With the help of careful examination of the documented process and interviews, comparisons between the working methods can be made to form results. The result is then used to find advantages and disadvantages of projects with partnering agreements and to find ways to optimize the cooperation in these projects. Interviews show that the projects with partnering agreement are advantageous in many ways, but clear lists of boundaries of responsibility between the contractor and the developer and between the different roles of the parties would be needed. In order to improve the conditions for future projects and to facilitate the introduction of new staff, better documentation of working methods and experiences is needed.
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Cristia, Emilien. "Projet architectural et maquette numérique BIM : enquête ethnographique au sein d'un grand projet de construction." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAC037.
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La démarche BIM est devenue une nécessite pour le secteur du bâtiment impliquant la fabrication d’un nouvel objet technique : la maquette numérique. Cette thèse s’intéresse à ce nouvel impératif de fabrication et à ses effets sur la réorganisation de l’acte de construire, la reconfiguration des pratiques de coordination et de conception collective entre les professionnels de la construction ainsi qu’à la redéfinition des frontières théoriques du projet architectural. Ce travail s’appuie sur une enquête ethnographique menée au sein d’un Grand Projet d’́Ecole reconnu pour sa forte implication dans la démarche BIM. C’est au cœur de la phase chantier de ce projet, lors des réunions de synthèse d’exécution, entre les acteurs et les objets, que s’ancre cette investigation. L’analyse du matériel empirique constitue d’observations et d’entretiens menés avec les acteurs du projet nous permet de comprendre les différentes réorganisations pratiques liées ̀a la fabrication collective d’une maquette numérique. Cette recherche nous permet aussi d’esquisser les perspectives de nouvelles pratiques numériques de projet et à préfigurer une ́évolution théorique des nouvelles limites du projet architecturalThe BIM approach has become a necessity for the building sector involving the realization of a new technical object : the digital model. The research is focused on the new manufacturing of this object and its praticals effects on the way to build, the reconfiguration of coordination practices and collective design between construction professionals. We also attempted to draw a new definition of theoretical boundaries of the architectural project. Our work is based on an ethnographic investigation carried out within a Major School Project recognized for its strong involvement in the BIM process. The investigation takes place on the heart of the construction phase of this project, during the execution summary meetings, between actors and objects. The analysis of this material mainly composed by observations and interviews carried out with the project stakeholders allows us to understand the different practical reorganizations linked to the collective production of this new digital model. This work also allows us to outline the perspectives of new digital project practices and to prefigure a theoretical evolution of the limits of the traditional architectural project
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Riddell, Kevin Donald Alexander. "Design, testing and demonstration of a small unmanned aircraft system (SUAS) and payload for measuring wind speed and particulate matter in the atmospheric boundary layer." Thesis, Arts and Science, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3416.
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The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is the layer of air directly influenced by the Earth’s surface and is the layer of the atmosphere most important to humans as this is the air we live in. Methods for measuring the properties of the ABL include three general approaches: satellite-based, ground- based and airborne. A major research challenge is that many contemporary methods provide a restricted spatial resolution or coverage of variations of ABL properties such as how wind speed varies across a landscape with complex topography. To enhance our capacity to measure the properties of the ABL, this thesis presents a new technique that involves a small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS) equipped with a customized payload for measuring wind speed and particulate matter. The research presented herein outlines two key phases in establishing the proof-of-concept of the payload and its integration on the sUAS: (1) design and testing and (2) field demonstration. The first project focuses on measuring wind speed, which has been measured with fixed wing sUASs in previous research, but not with a helicopter sUAS. The second project focuses on the measurement of particulate matter, which is a major air pollutant typically measured with ground- based sensors. Results from both proof-of-concept projects suggest that ABL research could benefit from the proposed techniques.
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Zeng, Zhipeng. "Deformation Behaviour, Microstructure and Texture Evolution of CP Ti Deformed at Elevated Temperatures." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Skolan för industriell teknik och management, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10404.
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Lê, Patrick Lâm. "Does Clark Kent tweet ? Structure, Agency and Materiality in Institutional Theory." Thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHEC0001/document.
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Cette thèse examine deux questions de recherche: Comment l’adoption des technologies en ligne impacte-t-elle le comportement des acteurs et leur reproduction des institutions ? Quels rôles jouent la structure, l’agence et la matérialité dans ces changements ? Ma principale conclusion est que les acteurs font preuve d’une forme d’agence pratique en tirant avantage d’une situation émergente qui est caractérisée par de nouvelles conditions matérielles. La thèse s’articule autour de trois essais. Le premier essai examine comment les normes professionnelles et les caractéristiques matérielles de Twitter guident la gestion des rôles endossés par les journalistes. Le second essai analyse les dynamiques de la construction de sens et leur relation au contexte institutionnel. Le troisième essai consiste en une revue de littérature systématique portant sur la méthode de l’ethnographie en ligne. Dans le dernier chapitre de ma thèse, après avoir présenté ses limitations et des pistes pour des recherches futures, je souligne les implications pratiques de mes travauxThis dissertation examines two main research questions: How does the adoption of online technology impact actors’ behavior and their enactment of institutions? What roles do structure, agency and materiality play in this change? Its main conclusion is that actors mostly exhibit a form of practical-evaluative agency by taking advantage of an emergent situation which is characterized by new material conditions. The dissertation is articulated around three essays. In the first essay, I investigate how professional norms and the material features of Twitter guide journalists’ online boundary management behavior. In the second essay, I examine the dynamics of meaning construction and their relation to the institutional context. In the third essay, I systematically review online ethnography and its boundary challenges. Finally, in the last chapter of the dissertation, after presenting its limitations and avenues for future research, I highlight the practical implications of my work
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El, Cheikh Khadija. "Etude de l'interface milieu granulaire : paroi rugueuse par approches expérimentale et numérique : application aux bétons." Thesis, Artois, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ARTO0204/document.
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Lors de la mise en oeuvre du béton dans les coffrages ou lors du pompage du béton, une couche, appelée couche limite, constituée d’eau et de fines, se forme près de l’interface. Diverses études ont montré que le frottement à l’interface béton-paroi dépend essentiellement des propriétés rhéologiques de la couche limite, de sa composition et de la rugosité de la paroi. L’objectif principal de cette étude est de comprendre les phénomènes se produisant à l’interface à l’échelle des grains. Toutefois, compte tenu de la complexité de deux corps en contact : couche limite et paroi, le système étudié est simplifié. La complexité du matériau béton a ainsi été simplifiée, en considérant que ce milieu est constitué de grains sphériques monodisperses et sans cohésion. Par ailleurs, la rugosité de la paroi formée en réalité par des aspérités irrégulières, est représentée par des géométries simples. L’étude repose sur l’utilisation de deux modèles, un modèle analogique et un modèle numérique.L’approche analogique est constituée d’un dispositif expérimental monté sur le tribomètre. Le cisaillement s’effectue en déplaçant, une baguette crénelée placée sous un empilement de billes confiné par une masse. Trois baguettes représentant trois rugosités différentes sont utilisées. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent que les conditions à l’interface (vitesse, rugosité, pression) influent sur le frottement et sur les mécanismes à l’interface.L’approche numérique est basée sur la méthode des éléments distincts. La rugosité de la paroi est modélisée par un assemblage de sphères collées sur un plan mobile. Les résultats obtenus montrent une bonne concordance entre les approches numérique et expérimentale. De même, l’étude numérique réalisée en conditions périodiques et pour différentes rugosités montre que les conditions à l’interface influent sur le frottement et sur le comportement du milieu près de l’interface (profils de vitesses, épaisseur de la couche cisaillée, etc.)When fresh concrete is placed into formworks or during concrete pumping, a layer, called boundary layer, consisting of water and fines, is formed at the interface. Various studies have shown that the friction between the concrete and the wall (form or pipe) is closely linked to the rheological properties of the boundary layer, its composition and the wall roughness. This study aims at understanding the wall-concrete interface phenomena at a grain scale. However, due to the complex nature of the two bodies in contact: boundary layer and wall, a simplified system has been considered. The concrete has been simplified by assuming that it consists of monodispersed spherical grains and without cohesion. Moreover, the irregular asperities of the wall roughness are represented by simple geometries. The study is based on the use of two models, an analog model and a numerical model.The analog approach consists of an experimental device fitted on the tribometer. The test consists in moving rough plates under stacks of confined monodispersed beads. The roughness of the plate is represented by crenels. Three plates representing different roughnesses are used. The experimental results show that the friction and the interface mechanisms are affected by the interface conditions (velocity, roughness, pressure).The numerical approach is based on the Discrete Element Method (DEM). The wall roughness is modeled by an assembly of spheres fixed on a moving plane. The results obtained by numerical simulations compared with those of the analog model show a good confrontation. As well, the numerical study carried out with periodic boundary conditions and for different roughnesses shows that the interface conditions affect the friction and the behavior of the medium near the interface (velocities profiles, thickness of the shear layer, etc.)
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Convert, Damien. "Propulsion magnétohydrodynamique en eau de mer." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10002.
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L'idee simple d'utiliser les forces de laplace pour propulser en eau de mer un navire est apparue des les annees 1960. Les performances etaient alors trop limitees par les inductions des aimants a bobinage classique. Le developpement d'aimants supraconducteurs de grand volume et a forte induction, jusqu'a 10 tesla, relance l'interet de cette propulsion magnetohydrodynamique qui, en supprimant toute piece mecanique mobile, presente une grande furtivite. Cette etude concerne les propulseurs a conduction, c'est a dire que le champ electrique et le courant qui interagissent avec le champ magnetique sont appliques dans le fluide par des electrodes. Une approche globale du systeme propulsif montre que les couplages entre les aspects hydrodynamiques, electromagnetiques et electrochimiques sont faibles. L'etablissement detaille du bilan de quantite de mouvement, conjugue avec diverses expressions de l'equation de bernoulli et de la loi d'ohm, permet de construire un modele unidimensionnel simple. Une demarche d'optimisation des performances amene a considerer une geometrie annulaire s'integrant bien au navire. Dans une seconde partie, les limitations de la modelisation unidimensionnelle sont mises en evidence en plusieurs points. Tout d'abord, l'ecoulement amont est aborde par un calcul en fluide parfait qui montre la non uniformite des vitesses en entree du propulseur, et ces consequences possibles. D'autre part, le couplage entre un modele mecanique et un modele electromagnetique dans deux plans distincts est applique a la propulsion en mode externe. Ce systeme apparait moins performant que ceux envisages precedemment mais il presente de grands avantages par la simplicite du bobinage supraconducteur. Le couplage entre electrochimie et mecanique des fluides est aborde grace a un pilote experimental d'electrolyse en ecoulement realise lors de ce travail. L'etude des reactions aux electrodes montre la difficulte a privilegier un type de degagement. La validation de methodes video sous microscope permet l'analyse des microbulles d'electrolyse
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Hevin, Grégoire. "Utilisation des ondes de surface pour l'auscultation des structures en génie civil : application à la caractérisation des fissures de surface." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10161.
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Dans le domaine du genie civil, la demande en matiere de controle non destructif est croissante. Les ondes de surface, et de rayleigh en particulier, presentent differentes proprietes interessantes pour l'auscultation de la surface des structures en beton. L'objectif de ce travail est de proposer et d'evaluer une methode de caracterisation des fissures de surface par les ondes de rayleigh. La diffraction des ondes de rayleigh par une fissure de surface est modelisee par la methode indirecte d'elements de frontiere (ibem pour indirect boundary element method). Les resultats permettent une analyse fine des differents phenomenes de diffraction et l'elaboration d'une methode spectrale de determination de la profondeur des fissures. Des dispositifs et procedures de traitement prenant en compte les effets de la source et des capteurs permettent de l'appliquer experimentalement. La comparaison des donnees numeriques et experimentales sur des fissures artificielles de differentes profondeurs valide la methode. Elle est alors appliquee a des cas particuliers (fissures remplies d'eau, fissures presentant des contacts entre les deux levres) et comparee a une methode temporelle utilisant les ondes de volume. Les resultats montrent clairement la complementarite des deux methodes pour un faible surcout de mise en oeuvre. Leur application a des cas de fissuration reelle sur ouvrage d'art confirme leur complementarite pour de veritables conditions d'auscultation.
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Boissonneau, Patrick. "Propulsion MHD en eau de mer : étude des couplages hydrodynamique-électrochimie-électromagnétisme." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10079.
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La magnetohydrodynamique (mhd) permet de realiser des propulseurs a reaction fournissant des flux d'eau de mer a grande vitesse sans helice ni piece mecanique en mouvement. En appliquant a un ecoulement d'eau de mer des champs magnetique et electrique, on produit directement au sein de l'ecoulement des forces electromagnetiques (laplace) qui propulsent le navire. Malheureusement l'eau de mer est un electrolyte : le passage des courants amenes par des electrodes entraine une electrolyse non desiree. Le travail presente se consacre a l'etude des couplages suivants : - influence de l'hydrodynamique parietale sur l'electrochimie de l'eau de mer - influence du degagement de micro-bulles sur la couche limite turbulente - determination des courants et des forces au sein de l'ecoulement les parties experimentales reposent sur la confrontation des mesures sur electrodes de platine en cellule d'electrolyse avec des mesures sur electrodes de titane platine en ecoulement reel. Nous avons associe aux mesures traditionnelles electriques et electrochimiques, l'analyse de la production de bulles (electrolyse) et de ses consequences sur l'ecoulement (velocimetrie granulometrie laser doppler & visualisation). Les parties theoriques, touchant l'electrochimie, font une synthese des connaissances et permettent d'identifier les mecanismes dominants et d'expliquer les resultats experimentaux. La partie calcul numerique, concernant le couplage : ecoulement/champs electromagnetiques, repose sur la confrontation de resultats de modeles globaux dedies avec des simulations faites a l'aide de fluent, logiciel commercial (volumes finis 2d).
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monica-chiu and 邱玉雪. "Tone Sandhi Boundary in Modifier- Head Constructions." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61428649252944693076.
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碩士國立新竹教育大學
臺灣語言與語文教育研究所
92
Taiwanese Southern Min is a language with a distinctive rule of tone sandhi. In general, when more than two syllables are connected together, the front syllable should be read in sandhi and the last syllable in normal tone. When we study tone rules between original tone and sandhi, a tone sandhi boundary # is normally inserted between the normal tone and sandhi. The last syllable before the tone sandhi indicates the original tone should be read, and the rest each syllable should be read in sandhi. This article is mainly to explore the position shown in the tone sandhi boundary of the phrases of modifier-head structure. In this article, the modifier-head structure has three phrases: noun phrase, verb phrase and adjective phrase. A conjunction “的(e5)” often occurs between a modifier and a head in noun phrases. In the past, most studies on the “的”, the front word of the “的” should be read in a original tone; that is to say, there is a tone sandhi boundary in front of “的”. However, when the syllable in front of the “的” is a pronoun or a neutral tone (inclining complement), the tone sandhi boundary at this moment, on the contrary, it appears in the middle of verb and inclining complement, rather than in front of the “的”. When there is no conjunction “的” between a modifier and a head, the tone sandhi may become more complicated. Without modifiers, pronouns, folk phrase, location phrase, number phrase, etc can be added to lengthen the noun phrase. The length of Syllables may have influence over the tone sandhi divisions. Syllable after the “的” cannot follow a location phrase with single syllable, like “內inside’, “外outside”, “頂top”,…. The location phrase with a monosyllable after the “的” should be omitted, and the location phrase with monosyllable should be placed in the same tone sandhi set with the noun as a modifier, and there is no tone sandhi boundary in the middle of a noun phrase. Divisions among tone sandhi in the aspect of pronunciation and syntax in the aspect of grammar in the noun phrases are not usually consistent, which may relate to the derivative of noun phrases in the Taiwanese Southern Min . Modifiers in noun phrases and adjective phrases serve as an adverb, and factors affecting the adverb tone sandhi in the Taiwanese Southern Min are very complicated. Numbers of adverb syllables, features of text content, modification of adverb, features of adverbial structure, and combining density of modifiers and heads are all the factors that may affect the tone sandhi in the Taiwanese Southern Min . We may see only a portion of a truth if we intend to make a simple adverbial classification according to certain features that affect adverbial (tone) sandhi, so all factors that may affect adverbial (tone) sandhi should be taken into consideration before we could understand profound mystery of the adverbial tone sandhi. This article is trying to clarify the position shown in the tone sandhi boundary of the phrases of modifier-head structure.
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Whale, Ben Edward. "Foundations of and Applications for the Abstract Boundary Construction for Space-Time." Phd thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/49393.
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The original content of this thesis is comprised of three parts. First, we investigate the foundations of the Abstract Boundary. We start by presenting a one-to-one correspondence between the set of envelopments and a subset of the set of distances on our manifold. This correspondence allows us to define the Abstract Boundary in terms of mathematical structures defined on the manifold, rather than having to use structures additional to the manifold. We take the ideas used in the correspondence and generalise the Abstract Boundary to be applicable to any first countable topological space. Then, using the correspondence and the generalisation we give two alternative constructions for the Abstract Boundary. These new methods of construction allow us to bring many new tools to the analysis of the Abstract Boundary and thus enrich the subject and provide new avenues for research. Second, we discuss how the limiting behaviour of curves relates to the Abstract Boundary. We restrict our attention to the manifold itself and give a classification of the behaviour of curves via the number of limit points they possess. As an application of the classification we weaken the causality assumption of the Abstract Boundary singularity theorem. As an illustration of the problems that curves in a certain class of the classification can cause we give a definition of causality for Abstract Boundary points. In the process of doing so we generalise the distinguishing and strong causality conditions for the boundaries of envelopments and the Abstract Boundary itself. Third, we investigate the link between the Penrose-Hawking singularity theorems and the Krolak strong curvature condition. We review the singularity theorems and analyse their proofs to determine what can be said about the predicted incomplete geodesics. We see that the conclusions that can be made and the criteria for the Krolak strong curvature condition do not mesh easily. For this reason we present two necessary and sufficient conditions for a geodesic to satisfy the Krolak strong curvature condition, that provide a link between the conclusions and the Krolak condition. The result is that we need to investigate the limiting behaviour of jacobi fields along conjugate point free geodesics. Hence we provide a preliminary result showing that maximal extension of the metric places real constraints on the behaviour of parallelly propagated frames. This material provides some interesting results, and opens the door to a number of new problems.
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Terbieten, Allison May. "Boundary constructions in treatment relationships between service providers and homeless youth a project based upon an independent investigation /." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/10145.
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Feng, Kao Ya, and 高雅楓. "Variation Boundary . Construction of Cultural Space." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02739413601985994342.
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碩士東海大學
建築學系
95
Cultural representation Facing the Cultural representation is the important subject of the modern architecture. Historical objects displaying has become a common way to transmit the culture today . In old times , museums valued the collections only , but they are starting to pay attention to the different ways of culture experience as well ,i.e. sequence collection , former site preservation etc. The historical objects in the Taiwan National Palace Museum is the essence of Chinese culture , and the Beijing Forbidden Palace where these came from is also the symbolic of Chinese culture . All these objects used to be one , but they separated and differed to each other .Here we discuss the topic of cu- ltural representation between the Chinese Forbidden Palace and the Taiwan historical objects - "When the historical objects return to their former site , what kind of conversation will be going ? " Brand The National Palace Museum Exhibitions are various today . Having a good marketing strategy has become an important key point of cultural transmission . It can perform the historical images to be one cultural brand and sell Chinese culture to the world. It can also transforms the Forbidden Palace to be a part of the ex- hibition ,and the Taiwan historical objects will be displayed with it . Variation boundary．architecture mixed Through the discussion between cultural objects and migration of the Forbidden Palace , we can research the interaction between them ; and via the re-definition of the culture , we can learn new ways studying the culture in new age to enrich and multiply the cultural transmission . The project designed to cross a strong sealed boundary but forms a new opened platform of cultural display . It allows two isolated cultures (tourism versus local , Chinese versus Taiwan , past versus today ) can be taught from each other .
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Jhou, Jhih-Hao, and 周志浩. "Boundary Cycle Construction Based On Quadrantal Classification." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24393762967701292330.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
資訊工程系碩士班
101
Recently, more and more applications have been used wireless sensors to monitor some specific area being penetrated. To do that, the first step must put a fence around the monitored area. It is well known that sensors are deployed randomly in most cases. This paper proposed a boundary cycle construction method based on quadrantal classification to require sensors to form a fence by themselves after being randomly deployed. The basic idea is that each sensor regards itself as the center of a Cartesian plane. A sensor is not at the boundary of the area if there exits at least one other sensor in each quadrant of the plane. The method requires each sensor at first to self-identify itself being a boundary node or not by exchanging hello messages with its neighbors, and then some sensors are required to go on executing the proposed distributed method until a closed boundary being formed. Experimental results show that our methods can achieve better boundary node identification rate in comparison with the previous works.
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Ashley, Michael. "Singularity theorems and the abstract boundary construction." Phd thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/46055.
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The abstract boundary construction of Scott and Szekeres has proven a practical classification scheme for boundary points of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds. It has also proved its utility in problems associated with the re-embedding of exact solutions containing directional singularities in space-time. Moreover it provides a model for singularities in space-time - essential singularities. However the literature has been devoid of abstract boundary results which have results of direct physical applicability.¶ This thesis presents several theorems on the existence of essential singularities in space-time and on how the abstract boundary allows definition of optimal em- beddings for depicting space-time. Firstly, a review of other boundary constructions for space-time is made with particular emphasis on the deficiencies they possess for describing singularities. The abstract boundary construction is then pedagogically defined and an overview of previous research provided.¶ We prove that strongly causal, maximally extended space-times possess essential singularities if and only if they possess incomplete causal geodesics. This result creates a link between the Hawking-Penrose incompleteness theorems and the existence of essential singularities. Using this result again together with the work of Beem on the stability of geodesic incompleteness it is possible to prove the stability of existence for essential singularities.¶ Invariant topological contact properties of abstract boundary points are presented for the first time and used to define partial cross sections, which are an generalization of the notion of embedding for boundary points. Partial cross sections are then used to define a model for an optimal embedding of space-time.¶ Finally we end with a presentation of the current research into the relationship between curvature singularities and the abstract boundary. This work proposes that the abstract boundary may provide the correct framework to prove curvature singularity theorems for General Relativity. This exciting development would culminate over 30 years of research into the physical conditions required for curvature singularities in space-time.
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Lin, Zih-Shiang, and 林士翔. "A study on the default boundary of construction firms." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06582298775327721374.
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碩士國立交通大學
土木工程系所
96
Making firms to default is triggered by economic distress or financial distress. Default is often assumed to occur when firms’ market assets fall below the default boundary. Consistent with this hypothesis, some low-value firms default despite sufficient liquidity. However, liquidity shortages can precipitate default at high asset values when firms are restricted from accessing external financing. In this study, the economic distress and financial distress in two areas to explore Taiwan's construction industry non-compliance with the factors and timing, the construction industry by Taiwan companies listed on the OTC data, based on BS, Leland & Toft, liquidity and borrowing capacity, and other relevant theories of financial distress prediction model literature. According to the theory of the background to identify the factors impact of the construction industry default, and certain parameters set reasonable parameters for the benefit of agents. Then use discrete-time hazard model to construction regression models, the ability to identify the factors explained. Empirical analysis by the model to identify the impact of a breach of the significant factor, this study use Receiver Operating Characteristic （ROC） curve, identification of regression models in three theoretical models’ default boundary validity(BS model, Leland-Toft model, KMV model). Further assess the validity of the identification have sufficient capacity, and to identify the default boundary of Taiwan's construction industry, creating a company to provide risk assessment of the default reference, to enable them to forecast and control the timing of the decision-making point of default.