Academic literature on the topic 'Bottom up practices'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bottom up practices"
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Pak, Burak. "ICT-ENABLED BOTTOM-UP ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 10, no. 1 (April 26, 2016): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v10i1.738.
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This paper aims at discussing the potentials of bottom-up design practices in relation to the latest developments in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) by making an in-depth review of inaugural cases. The first part of the study involves a literature study and the elaboration of basic strategies from the case study. The second part reframes the existing ICT tools and strategies and elaborates on their potentials to support the modes of participation performed in these cases. As a result, by distilling the created knowledge, the study reveals the potentials of novel modes of ICT-enabled design participation which exploit a set of collective action tools to support sustainable ways of self-organization and bottom-up design. The final part explains the relevance of these with solid examples and presents a hypothetical case for future implementation. The paper concludes with a brief reflection on the implications of the findings for the future of architectural design education.
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Squizzato, Alberto. "Bottom-up Urban Regeneration and Vacant Buildings: A Framework to understand how Empty Properties can be Strategically Embedded in Bottom-up Projects." ATHENS JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE 7, no. 1 (December 20, 2021): 36–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/aja.7-1-2.
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The bottom-up projects, in the years after the Great Crisis, have been considered as a popular measure to solve urban issues, overcoming the conditions of austerity faced by public actors. However, these initiatives not only seem confined to solve very specific issues but are often linked to a more comprehensive urban regeneration strategy, thus capable of addressing the economic, social and physical aspects of a wider part of the city. This article presents the first findings of wider research, which analyses the link between bottom-up practices and the concept of urban regeneration. In particular, this article focuses on an element that appears to be fundamental for the development of these bottom-up urban regeneration practices: the presence of vacant buildings available for the reuse. This article suggests the possibility to analyse how vacant buildings are embedded in these practices through three steps, called steps for the regeneration through the reuse of vacant buildings (SteRVs), namely Recognition, Appropriation and Design. The validity of the three phases is demonstrated through a multiple case study analysis, that considers two renowned bottom-up urban regeneration cases developed in Europe mainly after 2000: Farm Cultural Park, in Favara (Italy) and NDSM wharf, in Amsterdam.
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Ramiel, Hemy, and Adam Lefstein. "‘Bottom-up governance’: discourse, practices and the duality of the state." Cambridge Journal of Education 52, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 217–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0305764x.2021.1973373.
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Sato, Shigeki. "The nihonjinron in daily practices: Yoshino's “bottom‐up” approach to nationalism." Nations and Nationalism 25, no. 4 (September 5, 2019): 1116–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nana.12553.
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Marradi, Chiara, and Ingrid Mulder. "Scaling Local Bottom-Up Innovations through Value Co-Creation." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (September 17, 2022): 11678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811678.
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Bottom-up initiatives of active citizens are increasingly demonstrating sustainable practices within local ecosystems. Local urban farming, sustainable agri-food systems, circular supply chains, and community fablabs are exemplary ways of tackling global challenges on a local level. Although promising in accelerating towards future-proof systems, these hyper-localized, bottom-up initiatives often struggle to take root in new contexts due to embedded socio-cultural challenges. With the premise that transformative capacity can be co-created to overcome such scaling challenges, the current work addresses the identified gap in scaling bottom-up initiatives into locally embedded ecosystems. While how to diffuse such practices across contexts is not straightforward, we introduce a three-phased approach enabling knowledge exchange and easing collaboration across cultures and ecosystems. The results allowed us to define common scalability criteria and to unfold scaling as a multi-step learning process to bridge identified cognitive and context gaps. The current article contributes to a broader activation of impact-driven scaling strategies and value creation processes that are transferable across contexts and deemed relevant for local ecosystems that are willing to co-create resilient socio-economic systems.
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Utomo, Slamet, and Titis Sulistyowati. "Asynchronous Online Learning: Top-down and Bottom-up Processes for Listening Practices." Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature 16, no. 2 (April 27, 2022): 413–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/lc.v16i2.34047.
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Asynchronous learning can be the best choice to provide a new learning environment during the pandemic situation because asynchronous environments treat students as autonomous learners. Students can learn with no time limitation, and students can learn on online activities independently. E- EFL learning can be done by adopting asynchronous learning. This study examined the asynchronous learning effect on the students listening skills. This learning also adopts the principle of top-down and bottom-up listening strategies. Teachers modify and develop the listening activities to meet the students' needs by using the Google Form link. In this research, the researchers introduce news items as listening resources. The researchers conducted this study to study the listening proficiency of first-semester students before and after implementing the top-down and bottom-up listening processes in asynchronous learning environment. This experimental research is one group pretest and posttest only. To determine the effectiveness of the asynchronous top-down and bottom-up listening processes, the researchers used the Wilcoxon test to analyze the significant difference between the pre and posttest. The researchers conclude that the top-down and bottom-up process in listening is suitable for teaching news items. The paired sample test proved a significant difference between the pre and posttest data which then indicates that the students' listening comprehension on news items increases significantly. Asynchronous learning offers students many advantages while they are practicing online listening. Problems and listening difficulties challenge the teachers to develop the learning management for further achievement.
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Chon, Harah. "Systems Thinking for Bottom-Up Social Innovation: An Examination of Social Practices." Strategic Design Research Journal 13, no. 2 (October 29, 2020): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4013/sdrj.2020.132.03.
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The principles of sustainability and social design have been widely adopted to develop new models of community practice, engagement and innovation. Considering the growing interest of social practices and sustainable models, systems thinking provides an opportunity to further frame and organise various design activities to develop a deeper understanding of the spaces of impact through social innovation. This paper examines the practices of existing social enterprise models and the complexities involved in implementing new structures for community involvement through co-creation, co-design and facilitation. Cybernetics, as a way of looking at and engaging with systems, is discussed to position the role of the designer. Using mapping as a visualisation tool and conversational activity, case-studies are evaluated to provide a broad framework of bottom-up systems thinking through participatory methods to enhance social and cultural values.
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Han, Peng, Anne-Violette Lavoir, Cesar Rodriguez-Saona, and Nicolas Desneux. "Bottom-Up Forces in Agroecosystems and Their Potential Impact on Arthropod Pest Management." Annual Review of Entomology 67, no. 1 (January 7, 2022): 239–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-060121-060505.
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Bottom-up effects are major ecological forces in crop–arthropod pest–natural enemy multitrophic interactions. Over the past two decades, bottom-up effects have been considered key levers for optimizing integrated pest management (IPM). Irrigation, fertilization, crop resistance, habitat manipulation, organic management practices, and landscape characteristics have all been shown to trigger marked bottom-up effects and thus impact pest management. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the role of bottom-up effects in pest management and the associated mechanisms, and discuss several key study cases showing how bottom-up effects practically promote natural pest control. Bottom-up effects on IPM also contribute to sustainable intensification of agriculture in the context of agricultural transition and climate change. Finally, we highlight new research priorities in this important area. Together with top-down forces (biological control), future advances in understanding ecological mechanisms underlying key bottom-up forces could pave the way for developing novel pest management strategies and new optimized IPM programs.
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Sanchez-Escobar, Marlene Ofelia, Julieta Noguez, Jose Martin Molina-Espinosa, Rafael Lozano-Espinosa, and Genoveva Vargas-Solar. "The Contribution of Bottom-Up Energy Models to Support Policy Design of Electricity End-Use Efficiency for Residential Buildings and the Residential Sector: A Systematic Review." Energies 14, no. 20 (October 10, 2021): 6466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206466.
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Bottom-up energy models are considered essential tools to support policy design of electricity end-use efficiency. However, in the literature, no study analyzes their contribution to support policy design of electricity end-use efficiency, the modeling techniques used to build them, and the policy instruments supported by them. This systematic review fills that gap by identifying the current capability of bottom-up energy models to support specific policy instruments. In the research, we review 192 publications from January 2015 to June 2020 to finally select 20 for further examination. The articles are analyzed quantitatively in terms of techniques, model characteristics, and applied policies. The findings of the study reveal that: (1) bottom-up energy models contribute to the support of policy design of electricity end-use efficiency with the application of specific best practices (2) bottom-up energy models do not provide a portfolio of analytical methods which constraint their capability to support policy design (3) bottom-up energy models for residential buildings have limited policy support and (4) bottom-up energy models’ design reveals a lack of inclusion of key energy efficiency metrics to support decision-making. This study’s findings can help researchers and energy modelers address these limitations and create new models following best practices.
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Shang, Guowen, and Shouhui Zhao. "Bottom-up multilingualism in Singapore: Code choice on shop signs." English Today 33, no. 3 (November 2, 2016): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026607841600047x.
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Characterized by a politically censorious and highly regulated society, Singapore is widely considered to be one of the most sophisticated authoritarian systems in history (Lee, 2005). As in many other public and private domains, the government, well known for its paternalistic attitude (Schiffman, 2003), usually practices an active interventional policy on linguistic life, which is extensively explored in language planning and policy study. However, in a few areas where less official intervention is exercised, the linguistic reality has received relatively scant attention. This study sets out to examine to what extent grassroots individuals can use shop signs to express their personal inclinations regarding language use, which may partly demonstrate the virtual vitality of various languages in the multilingual society.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bottom up practices"
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Al, Berni Rim Rateb. "An investigation into sustainable forest policies and practices in Syria." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/289.
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Appreciation of how forest land can be managed in a sustainable way in arid and semi-arid zones (ASAZs) of centralized countries is limited. Accordingly, this thesis seeks to analyse the role of government and communities, including women, in the formulation and implementation of sustainable forest management (SFM) policy and practices in the semi-arid environment of Syria where such land is limited in extent (e.g. 3% forest and 57% rangeland) and yet where its high biodiversity value is of international significance. The thesis employs a variety of methods: a case study approach (Syria); a questionnaire (i.e. 142 respondents); face-to-face interviews (i.e. 26 interviewees); participant observation and secondary data. The SFM model was used to organise and analyse the influences of environmental, economic, social, cultural and political issues on the state of forest land in Syria. Three contrasting forest areas were selected for detailed analysis at local level: Al Foronloq had the Arab Institute of Forestry close by and the area had a high biodiversity value for landscape; Abo Kbeis contained key genetic resources and a number of women there had been trained in forest management and Abd Aziz Mountain was characterised by rangeland with traditional grazing plus a very arid environment. The main results obtained from census data confirmed that Syrian forest lands have diminished considerably since 1900 with regard to their geographical extent due to agricultural development, expansion of rural-urban settlements as well as of agricultural land onto Syrian forest land. On a more general level, the political issues in Syria (i.e. centralization and independency of the country) demand development of the internal resources of the country, such as agricultural production, in order to cover the needs of human maintenance. Scrutinising forest documentation and using results of face-to-face interviews, it was found that there were considerable changes in forest policies in terms of forest protection and plantation. In addition, there was a recent indication of adopting SFM principles in the case study area, largely as a result of action by agencies external to Syria at the national level, and the new role of NGOs in forest management at the local level. The increasing level of awareness of environmental problems; the capacity of institutions; community participation in natural resources management and achieving international agreements were also found to be paramount in any contracts between the Syrian government and other organisations. This thesis, at the local level, showed that respondents in the mountains (in the Abd Aziz Mountain (AAM) study area) seemed to be older, poorer, mostly with non-educated background, with more than three children, than in the Al Foronloq (AF) and Abo Kbeis (AK) study areas. Respondent groups in AAM were found to be more dependent upon forest resources than respondents in AF and AK; and they occupied land illegally because of their mission to develop agricultural activities, including grazing. The study confirmed that educated households in AF and AK use forest resources more than non-educated households. Conversely, non-educated households in AAM suffer from gaining a local income which may in turn affect their attitudes and behaviours in using forest resources; and as consequence, householders suffering from financial problems may be less aware of the importance of forest protection and try to solve their individual needs by increasing the pressures on the forest resources. The major constraints affecting the formulation and implementation of SFM policy are insufficient financial resources, inadequate management from national to regional and local levels; the limitations are also related to local communities’ attitudes and ignorance of the role of women in forest management. This thesis found that the contribution of women in the labour force at the local level was high in Lattakia (Al Foronloq study area) compared with other study areas (e.g. 32.9% in Lattakia against 13.4% in Hamah and 18.8% in Alhasake) (UNDP: Syrian Human development, 2005); although, there was a significant relationship between income level, family size and women’s contribution in forest management at the local level and no significant relationship with the educational level. On a more specific level, the role of religious faith in AK affects the contribution of women in the society and the workplace generally and in forest management in particular. Finally, the application of the SFM model in this study provided a flexible approach for analysis of complicated interactions between the government and communities. It also provided a comprehensive framework for different types of analytical purposes. Each of the three main components (issues, state and political decisionmakers) was divided into several sub-components which facilitate the explanation and identification of the complexities affecting the formulation of SFM policy and the implementation of such policy. It helped to provide a set of policy recommendations which may help to increase future community participation in forest management and reduce the influences of community pressures on forest resources in Syria.
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Sobejano, Alberto. "Impacts of strategic communication practices on local-level employees : Heimstaden Flogsta: a case study." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medier och kommunikation, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-397879.
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Over the last three years, Heimstaden, a real-estate company based in Sweden, has gone through a complex process of redefinition of its identity, defining values and principles. This process is especially delicate in one of the neighborhoods managed by the company, Flogsta, where Heimstaden owns and administrates 2014 student apartments. In the context of this identity definition process, this study analyzes the communication strategies and the organizational identity transmission practices within the company, focusing on the local-level employees’ understanding and experience of Heimstaden’s identity and strategies. From a theoretical standpoint, the research parts from Hallahan, Holtzhausen, van Ruler, Verčič and Sriramesh´s (2007) initial ideas on strategic communication, and implements van Ruler´s (2018) approach to the role that communication plays within strategic communication, as well as to the dichotomy between one-way vs two-way strategies of communication. The analysis also incorporates Schinoff, Corley and Roger’s (2016) views of organizational identity. The research consists of 6 semi-structured interviews with Heimstaden employees. In addition to that, participant observations were also carried out daily over a period of 5 months, due to my position as a Heimstaden employee stationed in Uppsala. The findings of the study reveal that many of the one-way communication strategies currently in use within Heimstaden, are failing at making the local-level employees aware and participant of the company’s identity and changes. Consequently, this study identifies great differences in the way that local-level employees relate to the company’s new identity and principles with respect to the way in which top-level employees do. These differences, in turn, generate that the company’s identity and new way of doing things is not projected properly towards the clients, generating, arguably, reputational problems for Heimstaden in the studied area.
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MANZANO, MORAN CARLOS ALBERTO. "Processes of Social Innovation in Housing (SI-H) in Latin America: an approach for the comparative analysis of innovative bottom-up housing claim practices." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/392557.
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L'accesso a un alloggio adeguato è stato riconosciuto come una condizione direttamente collegata al benessere umano, diventata purtroppo un bene strategico per il mercato finanziario globale, provocando tensioni strutturali che raggiungono il loro apice nei contesti urbani alla periferia dello sviluppo neoliberista. In America Latina, l’instabilità socio-politica, il pensiero progressista (ad esempio, le teorie della Teologia della Liberazione e della Pedagogia degli Oppressi), il know-how tradizionale, la solidarietà e il mutuo soccorso e il sincretismo locale-europeo, hanno creato le condizioni per una tradizione accumulata bottom-up di auto-fornitura di alloggi, dove le persone che sono sistematicamente oppresse ed escluse hanno (ri)rivendicato il diritto all'alloggio e si sono impegnate in progetti politici più ampi. Riguardo a questo, sono stati fatti notevoli sforzi per descrivere la tradizione empirica che si è accumulata, ma ciò che è carente è il tentativo di collegare tale tradizione alle teorie urbane e sociali. Pertanto, questa dissertazione contribuisce proponendo lenti concettuali per osservare e comparare esperienze empiriche locali, in modo che i dati possano essere raccolti su scala regionale e alla fine si possano tradurre tali osservazioni in teorie.
Le condizioni abitative globali richiedono nuovi modi di pensare alla fornitura, alla gestione e al possesso di alloggi; quindi, dall'analisi di esperienze contro-egemoniche innovative si possono trarre lezioni preziose. Come metodologia è stata scelta l'analisi comparativa di casi studio e sono stati presi in considerazione alcuni principi derivanti da studi comparativi urbani postcoloniali. I casi di studio selezionati sono Sociedad Cooperativa de Vivienda Unión Palo Alto (Messico) e Asociación Cooperativa de Vivienda La Libertad 13 de Enero (El Salvador), entrambe hanno adattato i principi della rete uruguaiana di Cooperativismo de Vivienda por Ayuda Mutua (CVAM), che hanno ampliato in tutta l'America Latina e si distingue per la sua capacità di adattamento, resilienza, istituzionalizzazione e crescita.
I principali risultati della ricerca includono: primo, un modello preliminare per l'analisi comparativa in cui le ipotesi sono delineate sulla base di collegamenti concettuali provenienti da diverse tradizioni accademiche. Social Innovation (SI) fornisce una comprensione più ampia dei processi sociali alla base delle esperienze di Producción Social del Hábitat (Produzione Sociale di Habitat); Hope è riconosciuta come una forza collettiva per contrastare la stagnazione, organizzare azioni di rivendicazione dell'alloggio e fissare orizzonti raggiungibili basati sulle capacità territoriali; e Autonomy rappresenta il processo spazio-temporale di allineamento delle azioni di resistenza in una ricerca collettiva di autodeterminazione che implica la partecipazione agli spazi decisionali.
Secondo, un'analisi del quadro normativo nazionale, del sistema istituzionale del settore abitativo e dell'evoluzione di entrambi i casi studio. Terzo, un'analisi comparativa pilota di Social Innovation in Housing (SI-H) in cui le categorie concettuali del modello preliminare vengono messe a punto riflettendo sui risultati provenienti dal lavoro sul campo, inoltre, i dati vengono utilizzati per l'analisi incrociata. Quarto, i risultati delle interviste e delle testimonianze di esperti forniscono nuove prospettive per l'interpretazione dei dati e informano riguardo la mappatura dell'internazionalizzazione della rete di Cooperativismo de Vivienda por Ayuda Mutua (CVAM) in America Latina. Infine, le conclusioni sono organizzate sulla base dei quesiti di ricerca. Primo, sono conclusioni che riguardano collegamenti concettuali e alcune definizioni originali; secondo, sono conclusioni sul modello concettuale proposto e delle sue categorie più rilevanti; infine, c’è una serie di conclusioni del confronto pilota che potrebbero fornire ipotesi per la ricerca futura.Access to adequate housing has been acknowledged as a condition directly linked to human well-being that has however become a strategic commodity for the global financial market, causing structural tensions that reach their apex in urban contexts on the periphery of the neoliberal development. In Latin America, neoliberal principles have been widely adopted, and urbanization dynamics have reproduced socio-spatial exclusion and inequality. However, socio-political turmoil, progressive thinking (e.g., theories of Liberation Theology and Pedagogy of the Oppressed), traditional know-how, solidarity and mutual-aid, and local-European syncretism, have created the conditions for an accumulated tradition of bottom-up housing self-provision, where people that are systematically oppressed and excluded have (re)claimed their right to housing and engaged in broader political projects. Since the 1970s in Latin America, exemplary practices of organized bottom-up housing claims have emerged, institutionalized, informed governance structures, and been impactful in terms of housing provision. Over this, considerable efforts for describing the accumulated empirical tradition have been done, but less in trying to link it with urban and social theories. Therefore, this dissertation contributes by proposing conceptual lenses for approaching and comparing local empirical experiences, so data can be collected at a regional scale, and theorization can eventually be produced. Global housing conditions demand new ways of thinking about housing provision, management, and tenure; hence, valuable lessons can be drawn from the analysis of innovative counter-hegemonic experiences. Comparative case study analysis has been selected as the methodology and some principles coming from post-colonial urban comparative studies are considered. The case studies selected are Sociedad Cooperativa de Vivienda Unión Palo Alto (Mexico) and Asociación Cooperativa de Vivienda La Libertad 13 de Enero (El Salvador), both have adapted principles of the Uruguayan Mutual-Aid Housing Cooperative Network (CVAM), which have extended across Latin America and stands out due to their adaptability, resilience, institutionalization and scaling-up capacity. The main outcomes of the research include: First, a preliminary model for comparative analysis where assumptions are outlined based on conceptual linkages coming from different scholarly traditions. Social Innovation (SI) provides a broader understanding of the social processes underpinning the experiences of Producción Social del Hábitat (Social Production of Habitat); Hope is recognized as a collective force to counteract stagnation, organize actions of housing claim, and set an attainable horizons based on territorial capacities; and Autonomy represents the spatial-temporal process of aligning actions of resistance in a collective pursuit of self-determination that implies participation in decision-making spaces. Second, a comprehensive analysis of the national regulatory framework, the institutional system of the housing sector, and the evolution of both case studies in different periods. Third, a pilot comparative analysis of Social Innovation in Housing (SI-H) where the conceptual categories of the preliminary model are fine-tuned by reflecting over the results coming from the fieldwork, and data is used for cross-analysis. Fourth, results of the interviews and testimonies of experts which provide new perspectives for data interpretation and inform the mapping of the internationalization of Mutual-aid Housing Cooperatives (CVAM) network in Latin America. Finally, conclusions are organized in accordance to the research questions. First, conclusions regarding conceptual links and some original definitions; second, conclusions on the proposed conceptual model and some of its most relevant categories; third, a series of conclusions from the pilot comparison that could inform hypotheses for future research.
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Makunyane, M. E. "An investigation of the communication practices of the Kodumela Peanut-Butter Development Project." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07172007-133837.
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MARTINI, LAURA. "Radical spatial practices and the production of values." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2704383.
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The thesis focuses on the relationship between the production of real estate values and radical spatial practices. The core of this work is investigating how symbolic (non-monetary) values produced by radical spatial practices may be impressed on land and converted into economic values.
The starting point of the research and case study are the abandoned Victorian neighborhoods in West London and their reuse through the London squatters’ campaign started in 1969. In particular the work is focused on how these de-valued places were the scene where punk counterculture born and thrived. Part of my work starts from the research on London property market and social changes. It intersects the socio-economic changes happening in London in the 70s with Dick Hebdige’s work on youth, subcultures and style. The discourse on subcultures and style assumes that subcultures produce symbolic value out of objects of everyday use and then the market and the dominant culture de-code and translate these objects into commodities ready for commercial exploitation. In the thesis this discourse is applied to space.
The assumption is that subcultures produce symbolic values also in the space they seize. They create a specific ambiance (Debord) and lifestyles that can be intended as semi-objects (Böhme), which can be codified and translated into values to enhance property market.
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Mirkovic, Veronika. "In the Aftermath of the Kneel that Sparked a Difference: Examining Athlete Activism on Social Media." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-44775.
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The increasingly entangled correlation between media, sport and activism in the United States has generated an upsurge in new media research that focuses on athletes’ political social media posts from an ‘outsider’s’ perspective. To clearer comprehend the complex relationship of media, sport and activism from an ‘insider’s’ perspective, this thesis aims to converse with collegiate athletes in the United States about how they experience their personalized politics on social media, as well as it observes the collegiate athletes’ activist practices on particularly Twitter and Facebook. As an auxiliary ‘prop’, I utilize former NFL (National Football League) player Colin Kaepernick’s approach to athlete activism to start the discussions about the topic with the collegiate athletes. Kaepernick’s kneel during the national anthem in 2016, prior to a football game displayed on national television, gained a variety of negative responses, but also sparked a difference in conversations about the politization of sport, and ultimately lead to a swift re-appearance of athlete activism on social media (Serazio and Thorson, 2020). Thus, by collecting interview data and observations of the media practices of collegiate athletes, the analysis draws on bottom-up framing and practice theory to better understand how such sportspersons experience the intersection between sports and politics on social media, the implications of athlete activism, and the media practices involved in such performance. Ultimately, the results of this study suggest that appearances of tensions, anxieties and pressures subsist in collegiate athletes’ activism practices on social media, making it an auspicious site for further research seeking to investigate the intersection of media, sport, and activism.
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Ortiz-Orozco, Willington [Verfasser], and Ulli [Akademischer Betreuer] Vilsmeier. "Social change through diffusion of sustainability innovations from the bottom-up : case studies of renewable energy and sustainable farming practices in the global South / Willington Ortiz-Orozco ; Betreuer: Ulli Vilsmeier." Lüneburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1202604900/34.
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Roberts, James W. "The contribution of top-down and bottom-up processes during observational practice." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.582848.
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The primary aim of this thesis was to examine the nature of the representation developed during observational practice. Chapter 2 (Experiment 1-2) investigated the stimulus properties required to learn novel motor skills and the processing mechanisms responsible for learning. Participants attempted a novel relative timing pattern performed on a computer. Following the observation of a novel relative timing pattern via an expert human model (biological motion, BM), constant velocity model (non-biological motion, NBM) or end-state timing information without the trajectory (goal-directed model, GOAL), there was significantly more accurate relative timing error for BM and NBM groups (BM < GOAL, CTL; NBM < CTL (ps < 0.05)) (Experiment 1). Therefore, sequence learning through observation requires the presence of motion information, irrespective of the biological properties. These findings were extended with participants observing biological- or non-biological motion after receiving an instruction that the stimuli were in fact human- or computer-generated (BM-H, BM-C, NBM-H, NBM-C) (Experiment 2). In addition to the test of motor learning, participants completed a crecognition test featuring the detection of previously observed (trained) or novel (new) sequences. The results confirmed significantly more accurate relative timing error for the experimental groups compared to a CTL group. However, the recognition test revealed an attenuation of explicit recognition toward the observation of new sequences for the BM-H group compared to BM-C (p = 0.06), NBM-H and NBM-C groups (ps < 0.05). This indicated implicit motor learning that was specific to BM-H group. Thus, the coding of motion information was subject to top-down processes (i.e., belief), which modulate automatic bottom-up processes sensitive to biological motion. 3 Chapter 2 (Experiment 3-7) focused on the coding of biological kinematics. Thus, the natural movement profile adopted by humans was manipulated by forming an unnatural biological motion model featuring a shift in the proportion of time to peak velocity. The coding of biological kinematics would be indicated by the transition from natural movement kinematics, characterised by an early-to-mid time to peak velocity, toward a novel movement profile featuring a delayed time to peak velocity. Performance was measured by calculating the absolute difference between participant and model pTTPV (imitation error) and pTTPV of segment 1. The results revealed that the observation of unnatural biological motion produced significantly more accurate imitation error and an extended pTTPV, as per the unnatural model (p < 0.05) (Experiment 3). Subsequent experiments were intended to examine the processing mechanisms responsible for the coding of kinematics. Indeed, issuing a secondary movement task during observational practice led to an attenuation of the unnatural kinematics as indicated by no significant differences in imitation error and pTTPV between participants observing natural and unnatural biological motion (p > 0.05) (Experiment 4). This motor interference was effector-independent as indicated by the corresponding attenuation of imitation error and pTTPV after performing secondary movements of an unrelated effector (i.e., foot) (Experiment 5). These results indicate the coding of novel biological kinematics incorporate motor processes typically associated with action-execution. Meanwhile, the coding of biological kinematics was also subject to the direction of attention. That is, a secondary attention demanding counting task attenuated the coding of biological kinematics as there were no significant differences for imitation error and pTTPV (p > 0.05) (Experiment 6). Finally, the instruction to primarily attend to the trajectory compared to a general pre-cue led to a significantly more accurate imitation 4 error score, although significantly attenuated relative timing ~rror (ps < 0.05) (Experiment 7). Together, these results demonstrate the contribution of bottom-up and top-down processes during observational practice.
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Hermanus, Lauren. "Local governments' changing power in South Africa's energy system: reshaping the regulatory space for renewable energy, from the bottom up." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25323.
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In 1994, South Africa's post-apartheid government inherited a highly-centralised energy sector, in which all aspects including planning, procurement, generation, distribution, pricing, and management were determined through top-down institutional arrangements and investments, centred around Eskom. In 2016, however, following rounds of energy sector reform, and the successful implementation of the Renewable Energy Independent Power Producers Procurement Programme (REIPPPP), this centralised configuration of power showed signs of disruption. Municipalities began to ambitiously redefine their role by building on opportunities related to renewable energy, resulting in an emergent challenge to centralised energy policy and planning. This dissertation sought to explore how this contestation took shape and to explain how seemingly ad hoc actions have created new possibilities, as well as new regulatory frameworks, by municipalities for municipalities. To achieve this, an analysis of the evolution of decentralised renewable energy generation in South Africa between 2008, when it first began, and 2016, was undertaken, applying the method of process tracing to two case studies. In order to contextualise these bottom-up processes within the national political economy of energy, process tracing was also applied in a high-level analysis of countervailing movements that consolidate centralised energy planning and procurement during the same period, with a particular focus on national plans to undertake massive investments in nuclear energy. It was found that municipalities' bottom-up actions have positioned them to drive renewable energy in such a way that seriously challenges the historical configuration of power that has determined South Africa's energy future up to now.
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Sackville, Patricia. "Bottom-up educational leadership and policy-making through storytelling : language policy in practice at a Canadian institute." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42220.
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This research focuses on storytelling as bottom-up educational leadership and policy making. The researcher examines language policy in practice at a Canadian post-secondary institute, following an institutional ethnographic approach and using discourse analysis tools. Stories about everyday experiences with English language placement testing, communication course marks reassessments, plagiarism, and prior learning assessment and review (PLAR) of communication skills are collected from 9 students, 6 instructors, 5 program heads, and the researcher herself as an associate dean. The researcher’s own identity negotiation as an insider at the institute is explored through discussion of tensions around the handling of people’s stories and the role of reflexivity in shaping the research.
The research links the personal to the institutional while exploring connections between everyday experiences and processes of administration and governance. Exploration of policy moments in participants’ stories uncovers a discourse of control and homogeneity where difference is constructed negatively, several language myths operate as forms of domination, and storylines suppress conflict. Exercises highlighting dilemmas that people face at the institute are presented to enable dialogic politics.
It is argued that storytelling proved to be a powerful method for surfacing everyday struggles, and the sharing of stories led to a new awareness for participants. Storytelling proved to be a generative form of talking back to policy and policy making as it repositioned policy review as a bottom-up exercise and captured moments of policy as struggle and change. Dialogic exercises are presented as tools for reconstruction of language practices that are more equitable and humane.
Books on the topic "Bottom up practices"
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Schranz, Christine, ed. Shifts in Mapping. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839460412.
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Depicting the world, territory, and geopolitical realities involves a high degree of interpretation and imagination. It is never neutral. Cartography originated in ancient times to represent the world and to enable circulation, communication, and economic exchange. Today, IT companies are a driving force in this field and change our view of the world; how we communicate, navigate, and consume globally. Questions of privacy, authorship, and economic interests are highly relevant to cartography's practices. So how to deal with such powers and what is the critical role of cartography in it? How might a bottom-up perspective (and actions) in map-making change the conception of a geopolitical space?
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Dal Corso, Elia. Materials and Methods of Analysis for the Study of the Ainu Language Southern Hokkaidō and Sakhalin Varieties. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-585-8.
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This volume is intended to be a practical manual to learn the basics of the Ainu language, in its varieties of Southern Hokkaidō and Sakhalin. Thanks to its bottom-up approach and to the activities presented following a growing level of difficulty, this manual is suited for students even superficially trained in general linguistics as well as for the experienced linguist with no previous knowledge of the Ainu language. Through the selected language examples, the reader can also appreciate the regional differences of Ainu and have a glimpse into the Ainu folklore tradition.
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United States. Dept. of Homeland Security and United States. Dept. of Homeland Security, eds. Charting a path forward: The Homeland Security Department's quadrennial homeland security review and bottom-up review : hearing before the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, second session, July 21, 2010. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2011.
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Rodriguez Garcia, Magaly. Ideas and Practices of Prostitution Around the World. Edited by Paul Knepper and Anja Johansen. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199352333.013.6.
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This essay provides a global overview of prostitution from the early modern period to the present. Although the distinction between “premodern” and “modern” prostitution is not necessarily sharp, the profound political, military, and socioeconomic changes from roughly 1600 onward had an important impact on the sale of sex. Worldwide, the practice of prostitution and societal reactions to it were influenced by processes of colonization, industrialization, urbanization, the rise of nation-states, military modernization, nationalism, and war, as well as revolutions in politics, agriculture, transport, and communication. A long historical and broad geographical perspective reveals the continuities and discontinuities in the way commercial sex was practiced, perceived, and policed. This essay paper approaches prostitution from a double (top-down and bottom-up) perspective that integrates criminology and labor theory, presenting the views of authorities, anti-vice campaigners, and society at large while situating prostitution as an integral part of labor history.
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Fedosov, Anton. Supporting the Design of Technology-Mediated Sharing Practices. Carl Grossmann, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24921/2020.94115943.
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Online social networks have made sharing personal experiences with others mostly in form of photos and comments a common activity. The convergenceof social, mobile, cloud and wearable computing expanded the scope of usergeneratedand shared content on the net from personal media to individual preferencesto physiological details (e.g., in the form of daily workouts) to informationabout real-world possessions (e.g., apartments, cars). Once everydaythings become increasingly networked (i.e., the Internet of Things), future onlineservices and connected devices will only expand the set of things to share. Given that a new generation of sharing services is about to emerge, it is of crucialimportance to provide service designers with the right insights to adequatelysupport novel sharing practices. This work explores these practices within twoemergent sharing domains: (1) personal activity tracking and (2) sharing economyservices. The goal of this dissertation is to understand current practices ofsharing personal digital and physical possessions, and to uncover correspondingend-user needs and concerns across novel sharing practices, in order to map thedesign space to support emergent and future sharing needs. We address this goalby adopting two research strategies, one using a bottom-up approach, the otherfollowing a top-down approach.In the bottom-up approach, we examine in-depth novel sharing practices within two emergent sharing domains through a set of empirical qualitative studies.We offer a rich and descriptive account of peoples sharing routines and characterizethe specific role of interactive technologies that support or inhibit sharingin those domains. We then design, develop, and deploy several technology prototypesthat afford digital and physical sharing with the view to informing the design of future sharing services and tools within two domains, personal activitytracking and sharing economy services.In the top-down approach, drawing on scholarship in human-computer interaction (HCI) and interaction design, we systematically examine prior workon current technology-mediated sharing practices and identify a set of commonalitiesand differences among sharing digital and physical artifacts. Based uponthese findings, we further argue that many challenges and issues that are presentin digital online sharing are also highly relevant for the physical sharing in thecontext of the sharing economy, especially when the shared physical objects havedigital representations and are mediated by an online platform. To account forthese particularities, we develop and field-test an action-driven toolkit for designpractitioners to both support the creation of future sharing economy platformsand services, as well as to improve the user experience of existing services.This dissertation should be of particular interest to HCI and interaction designresearchers who are critically exploring technology-mediated sharing practicesthrough fieldwork studies, as well to design practitioners who are building and evaluating sharing economy services.
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Martyn, Helen, ed. Developing Reflective Practice. Bristol University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.46692/9781847425102.
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This book is an invaluable resource, employing a 'bottom-up' approach to learning. It presents vivid examples of social work practice with children and families, and real-life illustrations of the challenges facing practitioners. With an analysis of each section, it provides essential guidance for students and sets standards for training and practice.
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Bäckstrand, Karin, and Fredrik Söderbaum. Legitimation and Delegitimation in Global Governance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826873.003.0006.
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This chapter develops a comprehensive typology for empirical analysis of legitimation and delegitimation practices in global governance. The framework is novel in three respects. First, while earlier literature has primarily studied legitimation, this classification encompasses both legitimation and delegitimation practices. Second, while most previous research has examined top-down legitimation practices by global governance institutions and their member states, this typology includes also bottom-up legitimation and delegitimation practices from various societal actors. Third, the framework captures a full variety of legitimation and delegitimation practices, classified in the chapter as being discursive, institutional, and behavioral in character. The chapter further identifies factors that may prompt variation in the kinds of (de)legitimation practices that different actors might adopt.
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Sabel, Charles, Jonathan Zeitlin, and Sigrid Quack. Capacitating Services and the Bottom-Up Approach to Social Investment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790488.003.0012.
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A crucial component of the new social investment paradigm is the provision of capacitating social services aimed at the early identification and mitigation of problems. We argue that conceiving of this paradigm change as a comprehensive and concerted investment is misguided. That perspective ignores more practical, piecemeal approaches in which costs and benefits are clarified through efforts at implementation, rather than estimated ex ante. Similarly, in this bottom-up approach, reform coalitions are not formed through comprehensive initial bargaining, but rather developed on the fly as programmes demonstrate their benefits and create clienteles. A crucial proviso is that decentralized efforts are carefully monitored to rapidly identify dead ends and generalizable successes. To illustrate the possibilities of the bottom-up approach, we discuss the Perspective 50plus programme for the activation of older workers in Germany and the current decentralization of social care in the Netherlands.
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Mitchell, Maurice, and Bo Tang. Loose Fit City: The Contribution of Bottom-Up Architecture to Urban Design and Planning. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
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Mitchell, Maurice, and Bo Tang. Loose Fit City: The Contribution of Bottom-Up Architecture to Urban Design and Planning. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Bottom up practices"
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Suri, Savitha, and Payyazhi Jayashree. "Leading Change in the Social Sector: A Bottom-up Revival of Two Weaving Clusters in India." In Business and Management Practices in South Asia, 49–73. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1399-8_3.
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Percy, Andrew J., and Christoph H. Borchers. "Detailed Method for Performing the ExSTA Approach in Quantitative Bottom-Up Plasma." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 353–84. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1024-4_25.
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AbstractThe use of stable isotope-labeled standards (SIS) is an analytically valid means of quantifying proteins in biological samples. The nature of the labeled standards and their point of insertion in a bottom-up proteomic workflow can vary, with quantification methods utilizing curves in analytically sound practices. A promising quantification strategy for low sample amounts is external standard addition (ExSTA). In ExSTA, multipoint calibration curves are generated in buffer using serially diluted natural (NAT) peptides and a fixed concentration of SIS peptides. Equal concentrations of SIS peptides are spiked into experimental sample digests, with all digests (control and experimental) subjected to solid-phase extraction prior to liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Endogenous peptide concentrations are then determined using the regression equation of the standard curves. Given the benefits of ExSTA in large-scale analysis, a detailed protocol is provided herein for quantifying a multiplexed panel of 125 high-to-moderate abundance proteins in undepleted and non-enriched human plasma samples. The procedural details and recommendations for successfully executing all phases of this quantification approach are described. As the proteins have been putatively correlated with various noncommunicable diseases, quantifying these by ExSTA in large-scale studies should help rapidly and precisely assess their true biomarker efficacy.
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Fet, Annik Magerholm, and Martina Keitsch. "Transition to Sustainability." In Business Transitions: A Path to Sustainability, 215–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22245-0_21.
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AbstractCompanies are increasingly faced with the challenge of how to implement sustainability strategies in their business performances. This chapter discusses transition processes, presents mechanisms, and clarifies how tools and methodologies from Part II of this book can help companies in the transition process towards more sustainable practices. It further elaborates on how the CapSEM Model contributes to bottom-up approaches to sustainability transition processes as well as the importance of stakeholder collaboration and involvement.
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Larsson, Jesper, and Eva-Lotta Päiviö Sjaunja. "From Private to Common: Coevolution of Land-Use Practices and Property Rights." In Self-Governance and Sami Communities, 215–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87498-8_9.
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AbstractIn the concluding chapter, we synthesize the results and discuss how changing land-use regimes among Sami in interior northwest Fennoscandia interrelated with the development of property rights between 1550 and 1780. During this period, a new tenure system, reindeer pastoralism, developed. For households that had amassed large reindeer herds, it became crucial to access both large pastures in the mountains and in the boreal forest to have enough grazing. This led to the establishment of common-property regimes in both the mountains and the boreal forest, where grazing became a CPR. The emergence of this kind of common-property regime is best described as a bottom-up process as it assumes that local users design and implement institutions for common use that all or most users adhere to.
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Novossiolova, Tatyana, Todd Kuiken, Jared DeCoste, Luc Henry, Ineke Malsch, Myriam Merad, Carl Newman, Wallace Patterson, and Alexandra Waskow. "Addressing Emerging Synthetic Biology Threats: The Role of Education and Outreach in Fostering Effective Bottom-Up Grassroots Governance." In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security, 81–102. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2086-9_6.
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AbstractThis chapter seeks to examine the role of the synthetic biology community in strengthening biosafety and biosecurity and safeguarding synthetic biology against accidental and deliberate misuse. It argues that biosafety and biosecurity education, awareness-raising, and outreach are essential for fostering effective bottom-up (self-governance) approaches for biosafety and biosecurity risk management. The chapter provides an overview of the structure of the synthetic biology community underscoring its complexity in terms of professional interdisciplinarity, stakeholder diversity, and fluidity, i.e. professional and non-professional actors moving from one context to another over time. It then examines the prevalent perceptions and framing of biosafety and biosecurity risks within the synthetic biology community, in order to identify options for enhancing stakeholder engagement and leveraging the diversity of expertise within the synthetic biology community for promoting responsible research and innovation practices. The conclusion outlines a summary of the key findings in this chapter.
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Spadoni, Francesco, Flavio Tariffi, Raffaele Rossi, and Salvatore Lusso. "A Techno Social Collaborative Platform to Manage Optimize and Crowdfund Cultural Heritage Initiatives." In Proceedings e report, 187–94. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-707-8.43.
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This paper presents the first results of HERIBITS, a research project co-funded by the Tuscany Region Government, under the Operative Regional Program FESR POR 2014-2020. The project proposes an innovative methodology as well as advanced technology platform enabling a new paradigm for bottom-up and top-down management of cultural heritage initiatives. The techno-social platform integrates collaborative tools for CrowdSourcing, as well as analysis tools for rating project ideas and evaluate socio-economic impact, to propose best practices and to detect similar initiatives in order to avoid project duplications. The platform provides also social network capabilities and integrates an ad-hoc CrowdFunding shop.
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Brain, David. "The Practice of Urbanism: Civic Engagement and Collaboration by Design." In The Palgrave Handbook of Bottom-Up Urbanism, 51–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90131-2_4.
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Manaysay, Ferth Vandensteen, and Jovanie Camacho Espesor. "Frictional Binaries: Hybridity, Civil Society, and Liberal-Local Peacebuilding in Mindanao." In Operationalisation of Hybrid Peacebuilding in Asia, 99–125. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67758-9_6.
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AbstractInternational and local civil society organisations have usually been identified amongst the key actors for the conceptual and practical development of liberal and post-liberal peace approaches. The concept of hybrid peacebuilding, for example, has highlighted the need to empower local civil society groups. Critics of the ‘local turn’ in peacebuilding, however, argue against the conceptual idealisation of hybridity. Using examples from Mindanao, this chapter contends that the debates on liberal-local hybridity can most meaningfully gain from asking questions not only about the processes of internationalisation and localisation, but also about the ways in which hybrid mechanisms are able to produce more or less stable outcomes. By turning into the agency of civil society actors, it suggests that the concept of hybridity, which is often represented using dichotomised categories (e.g. ‘liberal-international’ and ‘illiberal-local’), tends to oversimplify the conceptual intricacies and dynamic processes between top-down and bottom-up approaches. The analysis in the chapter aims to contribute to the discussions on hybridity by illustrating the manner civil society actors are able to negotiate their complexities within the frictional binaries of liberal ideas, institutions and resources vis-à-vis local practices, power relations and norms.
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Roach, Virginia, and Christine Salisbury. "Promoting Systemic, Statewide Inclusion From the Bottom Up." In Theory into Practice, 279–86. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203764121-10.
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Oswald Spring, Úrsula. "Environmentally-Induced Migration from Bottom-Up in Central Mexico." In Pioneers in Arts, Humanities, Science, Engineering, Practice, 499–541. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38569-9_19.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Bottom up practices"
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Khovanskaya, Vera, Phoebe Sengers, and Lynn Dombrowski. "Bottom-Up Organizing with Tools from On High: Understanding the Data Practices of Labor Organizers." In CHI '20: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376185.
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Martens, Kristian, Agnieszka Pawlak, Andrea Osmond, and Darcy Spady. "Best Practices for Verifiable Bottom-Up Baseline Emissions Quantification of Producing Oil and Gas Fields." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210455-ms.
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Abstract This paper studies the gaps that oil and gas operators faced when undertaking a bottom-up facility inventory and baseline quantification of emissions to support corporate priorities for project evaluation and enable participation in government subsidies related to emission reduction programs provided by the Government of Alberta, Canada. The paper aggregates the challenges observed during a survey of over 14,000 facilities in Alberta, Canada from 2020-2022. The paper presents best practices to ensure business readiness for baseline emissions quantification. Globally, countries are making international commitments in Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) relating to GHG emission reductions. In the case of Alberta, governments, regulators and independent bodies have repeatedly expressed concern that the estimated and reported emissions represent only a fraction of the actual methane emissions from oil and gas production in Alberta, resulting in an inaccurate baseline for decision making. In 2020, the Government of Alberta announced an incentive program to support and encourage producers to create full-field emitter inventories, quantify baseline emissions and identify emission reduction opportunities. Actioning the program required the creation of standardized emissions data collection criteria for all equipment within the production system as well as production facilities. A standardized emissions data collection criteria was developed through stakeholder engagement with the Alberta regulator, government, operators, carbon credit experts, data capture service providers and 3rd party verifiers. The uptake of the program has been strong, with operators benefiting from baseline emission quantification and emitter inventories to prioritize imvestment decisions. Oil and gas producers are now making investment decisions to meet Canada's commitment to the Paris Agreement, with accurate baseline emission quantification and technology implementation plans. These producers are targeting investment to "big hit" emissions reduction investments with the clarity of an accurate bottom-up baseline emission quantification. While the incentive program successfully incentivized and financially supported producers in this endeavor, the participating companies faced several technical roadblocks, including incomplete emitter inventories, emissions data management, change management and repeatability. These challenges need to be addressed to limit stakeholders setting emission reduction targets prior to field level emissions quantification and prioritization of "big hit" emissions reduction opportunities. Through the program the authors observed and developed a business readiness methodology and best practices to address these challenges. This paper presents the business readiness methodology developed and discusses a set of best practices for undertaking site inventories and baseline emissions quantification that can be confidently actioned in any jurisdiction to create impactful methane emission reduction pathways.
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Veeranki, S. T. "Laboratory Studies on the Effectiveness of Quarry Dust and Bottom Ash with Treated Marine Clay for Adaptable Flexible Pavement Sub-Grade." In Sustainable Materials and Smart Practices. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901953-50.
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Abstract. The soil found on the sea bed is classed as Marine clay. The major proportion of marine soil is clay so it is generally referred as marine clay (MC). The MC is often weak and lacks stability in heavy loads. This research is concerned with the potential of BA (Bottom ash) and QD (Quarry dust) as soil stabilizers based on resistance enhancement. Soil stabilization points to make strides the geotechnical features of the MC. The engineering properties of MC have been built-up, such as grain size distribution, particle density and soil plasticity. The soil sample was blended and compacted with various quantities of the BA and QD i.e. 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% 12.5% and 15% for compaction and strength test. The dry-weight method was utilized to prepare the samples. A standard Proctor test was run to determine the stabilized floor OMC and MDD. In the interim, the CBR was conducted to obtain the strength of the stabilized soil. Test results indicate that the MDD of the MC has been improved by 0.19 (g/cc) on addition of 10% BA and it has been improved by 0.246 (g/cc) when 10% QD is added when compared with untreated MC. Laboratory analyses of the cyclic plate load test revealed the ultimate load carrying capacity of the treated MC model flexible pavement has been increased by 349.9% at OMC when compared with untreated MC model flexible pavement.
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Paccagnella, Omar, Debora Aquario, Lorenza Da Re, and Anna Serbati. "A BOTTOM-UP APPROACH FOR FACULTY DEVELOPMENT: A LATENT CLASS ANALYSIS ON TEACHING INNOVATIVE PRACTICES AND NEEDS FOR IMPROVEMENT." In 14th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2021.1580.
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Hornung, Severin, and Thomas Höge. "THE DARKSIDE OF IDIOSYNCRATIC DEALS: HUMANISTIC VERSUS NEOLIBERAL TRENDS AND APPLICATIONS." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact097.
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"Theory-building on workplace flexibility is extended, based on a critical Human Resource (HR) systems framework and paradox (conflict) perspective on employee-oriented vs. capacity-oriented flexibility. Differentiated are variabilities in HR practices by: a) content (functional, temporal, spatial, numerical, financial); b) control (employer, employee); and c) creation (top-down, bottom-up). Hybrid types of bottom-up initiated and top-down authorized flexibility, idiosyncratic deals (i-deals), describe mutually beneficial, negotiated agreements on non-standard working conditions between employees and employer. If their real-world manifestations reflect idealized assumptions, however, remains obscure. Integrating institutional logics, HR systems embody values of humanistic ideals vs. neoliberal ideology: (1) individuation vs. individualism; (2) solidarity vs. competition; (3) emancipation vs. instrumentality. Reflecting these antipodes, construed ideal-type and anti-type i-deals facilitate: (a) self-actualization vs. self-reliance (needs vs. interests); (b) common good vs. tournament situations (triple-win vs. winner-take-all); (c) social transformation vs. economic rationalization (development vs. performance). In humanistic management theory, i-deals increase employee-oriented flexibility, but, in reality, risk being co-opted for economic rationalization and divisive labor-political power strategies. Antagonistic applications involve: humanization vs. rationalization goals; egalitarian vs. elitist distribution; relational vs. transactional resources; need-based vs. contribution-based authorization; procedural vs. distributive justice; supplementing vs. substituting collective HR practices. Instrumental adoption in high-performance work environments likely facilitates harmful internalizations as subjectification and self-exploitation."
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Zivkovic, Sasa, and Leslie Lok. "Ladakh Dental Clinic: The Local-Imported Modulars Negotiating Contradictory Material Practices in Remote Cities." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.25.
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This paper outlines the design and construction of the Ladakh Dental Clinic project as a case study for hybrid local imported material building practices. Referencing local vernacular types as well as comparable rapid assembly systems deployed in India and beyond for other development projects, the paper discusses opportunities and shortcomings of such building strategies. In admirably positivistic modernist spirit, modular construction is often praised as the harbinger or exporter of progress and, at times, architectural advancement. Regularly choking on its own ambitions, successful modular construction largely remains an architectural fantasy as it often struggles to overcome its totalitarian spatial tendencies and inherent inflexibility. Compared to local techniques and perhaps contradictory to its intent, modular construction has a tendency to operate top-down instead of bottom-up. The Ladakh Dental Clinic project can be characterized as a result of its contradictory constraints and multi-client requirements. Necessitating both local construction and imported modular systems due to financial limitations, sponsorship opportunities, future expandability, and a tight schedule, the clinic emerges as a strange hybrid oscillating between local (de-facto imported) Indian cast-in-place concrete construction and (imported) German prefabrication.
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Okraszewska, Romanika, and Zofia Jagielska. "Comparison of Polish and Danish Approach to Promotion of Cycling." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.111.
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The article describes two different approaches to promotion of cycling from Denmark and Poland. In the former the promotion locally from 2009 to 2015 has been supported financially by the national government and where initiatives partly have been financed by the national level. In Poland, the promotion has been implemented often as a result of bottom up initiatives and financed solely on local level often with the support of EU funds. Authors will indicate the strengths of each approach and will formulate recommendations for promoting bike strategy based on the best practices.
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Yadav, Singh Anurag, and Imran Muhammad Chohan. "Offset Data Analysis and Seam Less Execution Through Real Time Monitoring Results in Step Change in Drilling Performance." In SPE Europec featured at 82nd EAGE Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205152-ms.
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Abstract In oil and gas drilling, consistency of performance delivery heavily depends upon rig capability and its ability to maintain performance assurance through its execution cycle. It's not an uncommon occurrence that a rig is found with an underperforming top drive, one such scenario was observed in an in-fill oil well drilling project. This project was essentially drilling horizontal wells with bottom hole assemblies which had primary drive mechanism as a top drive. The rig in question was struggling to provide not only the requisite RPM but also not been able to deliver consistent torque needed to drill the well. This study analyzes how severe rig limitations were overcome through an optimization plan in which most optimal BHA was designed and drilling practices were customized for safe and successful execution of wells. In order to understand root cause of the challenge, an offset well analysis was conducted, it identified that high torque was mostly generated while drilling through inter-bedded formations which typically caused top drive to stall. In addition, multiple tool failures were encountered due to the high stick slip which rig couldn't mitigate due to the low RPM yield of the top drive. To manage the rpm and torque limitations, a motorized RSS BHA was designed as a solution. Further, based on micro-stall events of motor only BHA's across the inter-bedded formations in the field, a stick slip management tool was placed below the motor so that a potential twist-off and/or motor damages can be avoided. Also, different bottom hole assembly's drilling dynamics response were analyzed to come up with optimal stabilization and connection practices to avoid back reaming while trip outs. This paper would showcase actual results which highlight improvements achieved in stagnant drilling performance of the project. The analysis would demonstrate how multiple wells were drilled in one run following the risk assessment developed from the optimization study and subsequent real time monitoring of mitigating actions while execution. The comprehensive bottoms-up drilling optimization approach helped save 4 planned days for each well, this really paves way to pursue applied-engineering solutions to achieve step change in drilling performances, especially on rigs which are severely limited either due to capacity or malperformance issues. The bottoms up approach taken to understand the drilling challenges followed by a methodical approach to address each of the challenges demonstrate importance of effective pre-job planning. Learnings from this study can be adopted as a template to mitigate similar drilling challenges.
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Van den Beemt, Antoine, Gerard Van de Watering, and Michael Bots. "Organising evidence-informed innovation: the development of a research agenda." In SEFI 50th Annual conference of The European Society for Engineering Education. Barcelona: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/conference-9788412322262.1396.
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Educational innovation often builds on existing practices, and focuses on improvement, rather than a radical change. One current example of educational innovation is Challenge-Based Learning (CBL). At university [blinded] the approach is a curriculum wide implementation of CBL based on a integrated programme that combines implementation of bottom-up innovation projects with research. The result of this research contributes to the translation of CBL to practice, thus helping curriculum designers and teachers in designing and executing their courses. In the process evidence is collected about principles of CBL, learning behaviour, learning outcomes, and didactical aspects of CBL, such as coaching and self-directed learning, assessment, pedagogies, and design of challenges, and facilitating structures. The goal of this paper is to explore the development of a research agenda, which aligns research and practice, and to contribute to evidence for successful CBL implementation as result. The CBL research agenda shows which topics and aspects of CBL are addressed by research and practice, and which are overlooked. It is a systematic way of collecting strategic and practical problems related to CBL implementation, and how these are translated into research questions, methods, and results. The CBL research agenda leads to dialogue, which in turn guides our CBL programme. This integrated programme, including the research agenda is governed by a Taskforce CBL and supported by programme management, and a university wide research community. This approach enables the curriculum wide implementation and research of CBL as a concept for educating engineers of the future and strengthening on-campus education.
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Lawal, Tesleem, Pradeepkumar Ashok, Eric van Oort, Dandan Zheng, and Matthew Isbell. "Real-Time Prediction of Mud Motor Failure Using Surface Sensor Data Features and Trends." In SPE/IADC International Drilling Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204099-ms.
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AbstractMud motor failure is a significant contributor to non-productive time in lower-cost land drilling operations, e.g. in North America. Typically, motor failure prevention methodologies range from re-designing or performing sophisticated analytical modeling of the motor power section, to modeling motor performance using high-frequency downhole measurements. In this paper, we present data analytics methods to detect and predict motor failures ahead of time using primarily surface drilling measurements.We studied critical drilling and non-drilling events as applicable to motor failure. The impacts of mud motor stalls and drill-off times were investigated during on-bottom drilling. For the off-bottom analysis, the impact of variations in connection practices (pick up practices, time spent backreaming, and time spent exposing the tools to damaging vibrations) was investigated. The relative importance of the various features found to be relevant was calculated and incorporated into a real-time mud motor damage index.A historical drilling dataset, consisting of surface data collected from 45 motor runs in lateral hole sections of unconventional shale wells drilled in early to mid-2019, was used in this study. These motor runs contained a mix of failure and non-failure cases. The model was found to accurately predict motor failure due to motor wear and tear. Generally, the higher the magnitude of the impact stalls experienced by the mud motor, the greater the probability of eventual failure. Variations in connection practices were found not to be a major wear-and-tear factor. However, it was found that connection practices varied significantly and were often driller-dependent.The overall result shows that simple surface drilling parameters can be used to predict mud motor failure. Hence, the value derived from surface sensor information for mud motor management can be maximized without the need to run more costly downhole sensors. In addition to this cost optimization, drillers can now monitor motor degradation in real-time using the new mud motor index described here.
Reports on the topic "Bottom up practices"
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Rao, Nitya, Sheetal Patil, Maitreyi Koduganti, Chandni Singh, Ashwin Mahalingam, Prathijna Poonacha, and Nishant Singh. Sowing Sustainable Cities: Lessons for Urban Agriculture Practices in India. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/ssc12.2022.
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Despite growing interest and recognition of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) as a nature- based solution, there is limited empirical evidence in countries like India on its role in reconfiguring goals on environmental functions (such as biodiversity, waste management, water recycling, micro-climate regulation, etc.) and social wellbeing (such as food and nutrition security, gender relations, work burdens, land tenure and community ties). A need to address this gap led to the ideation of the project ‘Urban and peri-urban agriculture as green infrastructures’ ( UPAGrI ). When UPAGrI started in 2019, the research on UPA in India was thin but growing. However, the practical experience of urban farming across Indian cities is thriving and diverse, built on decades of bottom-up experimentation. Within the landscape of our ever-changing cities, we found vibrant communities-of-practice sharing seeds and knowledge, engaged online influencers discussing composting and water reuse, and stories of farming becoming sites of multi-generational bonding and nutritional security. This compendium is a collection of 29 such innovative UPA practices from across the different cities in the country. These diverse case studies are loosely categorized into four themes: environment and sustainability; food, nutrition and livelihood; gender and subjective well-being; and urban policy and planning. Written mostly by practitioners themselves, the case studies collectively recognise and celebrate UPA innovations and practices, serving as a repository of lessons for peer-to-peer learning, and demonstrating how UPA can be one of the many solutions towards sustainable, liveable Indian cities.
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Rao, Nitya. Sowing Sustainable Cities: Lessons for Urban Agriculture Practices in India. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/ssc12.2023.
Full textAbstract:
Despite growing interest and recognition of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) as a nature- based solution, there is limited empirical evidence in countries like India on its role in reconfiguring goals on environmental functions (such as biodiversity, waste management, water recycling, micro-climate regulation, etc.) and social wellbeing (such as food and nutrition security, gender relations, work burdens, land tenure and community ties). A need to address this gap led to the ideation of the project ‘Urban and peri-urban agriculture as green infrastructures’ ( UPAGrI ). When UPAGrI started in 2019, the research on UPA in India was thin but growing. However, the practical experience of urban farming across Indian cities is thriving and diverse, built on decades of bottom-up experimentation. Within the landscape of our ever-changing cities, we found vibrant communities-of-practice sharing seeds and knowledge, engaged online influencers discussing composting and water reuse, and stories of farming becoming sites of multi-generational bonding and nutritional security. This compendium is a collection of 29 such innovative UPA practices from across the different cities in the country. These diverse case studies are loosely categorized into four themes: environment and sustainability; food, nutrition and livelihood; gender and subjective well-being; and urban policy and planning. Written mostly by practitioners themselves, the case studies collectively recognise and celebrate UPA innovations and practices, serving as a repository of lessons for peer-to-peer learning, and demonstrating how UPA can be one of the many solutions towards sustainable, liveable Indian cities.
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Iwara, MaryAnne. Hybrid Peacebuilding Approaches in Africa: Harnessing Complementary Parallels. RESOLVE Network, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/pn2020.15.lpbi.
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Many of the most pressing conflicts across sub-Saharan Africa today—including violent extremism, sexual and gender-based violence, pastoralist/farmer conflicts, and criminal banditry—are shaped by local, community-level drivers. Despite these local drivers, however, international peacebuilding approaches often ignore or neglect bottom-up, grassroots strategies for addressing them. Often, international efforts to contribute to the prevention and management of local conflicts depend heavily on large-scale, expensive, and external interventions like peacekeepers, while under-investing in or by-passing traditional/customary mechanisms and resources that uphold locally defined values of peace, tolerance, solidarity, and respect. Recognizing that these traditional and customary practices themselves sometimes have their own legacies of violence and inequality, this policy note emphasizes the possibility of combining aspects of traditional peacebuilding mechanisms with international conflict management approaches to harness the benefits of both.
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Peñaloza, Rafael, and Anni-Yasmin Turhan. Completion-based computation of most specific concepts with limited role-depth for EL and Prob-EL⁰¹. Technische Universität Dresden, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.176.
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In Description Logics the reasoning service most specific concept (msc) constructs a concept description that generalizes an ABox individual into a concept description. For the Description Logic EL the msc may not exist, if computed with respect to general EL-TBoxes or cyclic ABoxes. However, it is still possible to find a concept description that is the msc up to a fixed role-depth, i.e. with respect to a maximal nesting of quantifiers. In this report we present a practical approach for computing the roledepth bounded msc, based on the polynomial-time completion algorithm for EL. We extend these methods to Prob-EL⁰¹c , which is a probabilistic variant of EL. Together with the companion report [9] this report devises computation methods for the bottom-up construction of knowledge bases for EL and Prob-EL⁰¹c .
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Birch, Izzy. Thinking and Working Politically on Transboundary Issues. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.010.
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There is growing consensus that political factors are a key determinant of development impact. The practice of Thinking and Working Politically (TWP) is built around three interconnected principles: (i) strong political analysis, insight, and understanding; (ii) detailed appreciation of, and response to, the local context; and (iii) flexibility and adaptability in program design and implementation. The literature notes that while TWP emphasises the centrality of politics and power, technical knowledge is still important and can reinforce the political agenda, for example by increasing the confidence of smaller states or by strengthening collective understanding. Furthermore, improving the quality of domestic cooperation can be a step towards regional cooperation, and flexible engagement with the diverse range of actors that populate transboundary settings has been shown to be an effective strategy. The literature also highlights lessons learned including Transboundary cooperation can be built from the bottom up and for development partners, pre-existing bilateral partnerships may facilitate their engagement at a transboundary level, particularly on sensitive issues. Given the relatively isolated experience of TWP in transboundary settings, the evidence base for this report is also limited. The two areas where most examples were found concern regional integration and transboundary water management.
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KellerLynn, Katie. Redwood National and State Parks: Geologic resources inventory report. National Park Service, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2287676.
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Comprehensive park management to fulfill the NPS mission requires an accurate inventory of the geologic features of a park unit, but Comprehensive park management to fulfill the NPS mission requires an accurate inventory of the geologic features of a park unit, but park managers may not have the needed information, geologic expertise, or means to complete such an undertaking; therefore, the Geologic Resources Inventory (GRI) provides information and resources to help park managers make decisions for visitor safety, planning and protection of infrastructure, and preservation of natural and cultural resources. Information in the GRI report may also be useful for interpretation. park managers may not have the needed information, geologic expertise, or means to complete such an undertaking; therefore, the Geologic Resources Inventory (GRI) provides information and resources to help park managers make decisions for visitor safety, planning and protection of infrastructure, and preservation of natural and cultural resources. Information in the GRI report may also be useful for interpretation. This report synthesizes discussions from a scoping meeting for Redwood National and State Parks (referred to as the “parks” throughout this report) held in 2004 and a follow-up conference call in 2019. Two GRI–compiled GIS data sets of the geology and geohazards of the parks are the principal deliverables of the GRI. The GRI GIS data are available on the GRI publications website http://go.nps.gov/gripubs and through the NPS Integrated Resource Management Applications (IRMA) portal https://irma.nps.gov/App/Portal/Home. Enter “GRI” as the search text and select a park from the unit list. Writing of this report was based on those data and the interpretations of the source map authors (see “GRI Products” and “Acknowledgements”). A geologic map poster illustrates the geology GRI GIS data set and serves as a primary figure for this GRI report. No poster was prepared for the geohazards GRI GIS data set. Additionally, figure 7 of this report illustrates the locations of the major geologic features in the parks. Unlike the poster, which is divided into a northern and southern portion to show detail while accommodating the parks’ length, figure 7 is a single-page, simplified map. The features labeled on figure 7 are discussed in the “Geologic History, Features, and Processes” chapter. To provide a context of geologic time, this report includes a geologic time scale (see "Geologic History, Features, and Processes"). The parks’ geologic story encompasses 200 million years, starting in the Jurassic Period. Following geologic practice, the time scale is set up like a stratigraphic column, with the oldest units at the bottom and the youngest units at the top. Organized in this manner, the geologic time scale table shows the relative ages of the rock units that underlie the parks and the unconsolidated deposits that lie at the surface. Reading the “Geologic Event” column in the table, from bottom to top, will provide a chronologic order of the parks’ geologic history. The time scale includes only the map units within the parks that also appear on the geologic map poster; that is, map units of the geohazards data are not included. Geology is a complex science with many specialized terms. This report provides definitions of geologic terms at first mention, typically in parentheses following the term. Geologic units in the GRI GIS data are referenced in this report using map unit symbols; for example, map unit KJfrc stands for the Cretaceous (K) and Jurassic (J) Franciscan Complex (f), Redwood Creek schist (rc), which underlies a portion of the Redwood Creek watershed (see “GRI Products”).