Journal articles on the topic 'Botanical landscapes'
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Othman, Noriah, Mohd Hisham Ariffin, Noralizawati Mohamed, and Mohd Ali Waliyuddin A. Razak. "Visitors’ Preferences for Malaysian Botanical Gardens’ Landscapes." Asian Journal of Behavioural Studies 3, no. 12 (July 18, 2018): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i12.122.
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Botanical gardens are bio-diverse flora-based natural attractions. Visitors to two prominent Malaysian botanical gardens were surveyed about their preferences for human oriented gardens’ landscape designs.There were significant differences in the preferences for garden landscapes with poorly maintained man-made structures and jungle-like garden landscapes(National Botanical Gardens), and the Japanese garden landscape (Penang Botanical Gardens) among Malays, Chinese and Indians (p<0.10). There were significant differences in preferences between males and females (p<0.10) for garden landscapes with man-made structures(National Botanical Gardens) and landscapes having open spaces (Penang Botanical Gardens).Keywords: Landscape, Human Oriented, Botanical Gardens, PreferenceseISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
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Desiana Yulianti, Santi, Hanni Adriani, and Ray March Syahadat. "Evaluasi Daya Tarik Wisata di Kebun Raya Cibodas dalam Sudut Pandang Kualitas Visual." Jurnal Lanskap Indonesia 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jli.v12i1.32578.
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This research was motivated by the diversity of natural and artificial resources in Cibodas Botanical Garden which has a visual quality of landscape beauty that becomes a tourist attraction. This study aims to determine the value of visual quality of tourist attractions in Cibodas Botanical Garden. The method used was a quantitative descriptive approach. Data obtained from observation and literature study and distributing questionnaires to respondents using a sample of 100 people using the Scenic Beauty Estimation (SBE) method. The assessment was carried out on thirteen tourist attractions of Cibodas Botanical Garden which consisted of Decorative Garden Galleries, Sakura Gardens, Cibogo Waterfall, Ciismun Waterfall, Lumut and Amorphophalus Gardens, Greenhouses, Paku-pakuan Collection, Guest House, Rhododendron Garden, Medicinal Plants Collection, Liana Garden, Large Pond and Semar Pocket House. The total visual assessed was 26 landscapes. Based on the assessment obtained, it shows the tourist attraction landscape that gets the highest visual quality (SBE) value, namely Landscape 12 with a value of 100.53, which is included in the classification of "high visual quality" from the landscape of the Cibodas Botanical Garden Large Pool. A total of 22 landscapes categorized as high visual quality and 4 landscapes categorized as moderate visual quality. No landscape categorized as low visual quality. Thus, the Cibodas Botanical Garden Landscape has great strength in supporting its function as a conservation tourism object in Indonesia but it still needs some landscape arrangement in some spots.
Keywords: Cibodas Botanical Garden, scenic beauty estimation, tourist attractions, visual quality
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Desiana Yulianti, Santi, Hanni Adriani, and Ray March Syahadat. "Evaluasi Daya Tarik Wisata di Kebun Raya Cibodas dalam Sudut Pandang Kualitas Visual." Jurnal Lanskap Indonesia 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jli.v12i1.32578.
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This research was motivated by the diversity of natural and artificial resources in Cibodas Botanical Garden which has a visual quality of landscape beauty that becomes a tourist attraction. This study aims to determine the value of visual quality of tourist attractions in Cibodas Botanical Garden. The method used was a quantitative descriptive approach. Data obtained from observation and literature study and distributing questionnaires to respondents using a sample of 100 people using the Scenic Beauty Estimation (SBE) method. The assessment was carried out on thirteen tourist attractions of Cibodas Botanical Garden which consisted of Decorative Garden Galleries, Sakura Gardens, Cibogo Waterfall, Ciismun Waterfall, Lumut and Amorphophalus Gardens, Greenhouses, Paku-pakuan Collection, Guest House, Rhododendron Garden, Medicinal Plants Collection, Liana Garden, Large Pond and Semar Pocket House. The total visual assessed was 26 landscapes. Based on the assessment obtained, it shows the tourist attraction landscape that gets the highest visual quality (SBE) value, namely Landscape 12 with a value of 100.53, which is included in the classification of "high visual quality" from the landscape of the Cibodas Botanical Garden Large Pool. A total of 22 landscapes categorized as high visual quality and 4 landscapes categorized as moderate visual quality. No landscape categorized as low visual quality. Thus, the Cibodas Botanical Garden Landscape has great strength in supporting its function as a conservation tourism object in Indonesia but it still needs some landscape arrangement in some spots.
Keywords: Cibodas Botanical Garden, scenic beauty estimation, tourist attractions, visual quality
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Huiting, Marjon, Annisa Spier, and Mans Schepers. "Botanische macroresten uit sloten als spiegel voor het landschap." Paleo-aktueel, no. 32 (September 20, 2022): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/pa.32.23-31.
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Samples from ditches as a reflection of the landscape. Ditch-fill samples were taken from modern ditches in three different landscapes – the sandy heathland of Balloërveld, the peatland of Fochteloërveen and the woodland of Norg. This contribution focuses on the botanical macroremains collected from the ditch fills and how these remains may improve landscape-historical research. Microscopic research of the macroremains shows a difference between the habitats, albeit not a distinct one. Botanical remains of woodland vegetation were strongly represented in virtually all samples, overshadowing indicative species per landscape type. Given the limits of this pilot study, further research is strongly recommended to assess how ditch fills can be of value to reconstructing past and present landscapes.
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Dias de Oliveira, Jefferson, Daniela Biondi, Allan Rodrigo Nunho dos Reis, and Jennifer Viezzer. "Landscape visual quality influence on noise pollution propagation in urban green areas." DYNA 88, no. 219 (November 22, 2021): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v88n219.94724.
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The objective was to evaluate the influence of noise pollution on both visual and sound landscapes at the Botanical Garden and the São Lourenço Park in Curitiba, Brazil. Data were collected in three transects (A, B, and C), representing different vegetation densities. Landscape visual quality was characterized through a direct method for valuing landscape elements. The visual quality was classified as Good, Mean, or Bad. For the sound analysis, two INSTRUTHERM decibel meters, model DEC-470, with 1.5-decibel precision, were used. The landscapes evaluated at site C showed variation in the quality of the landscape from 1 to 21.57, with the best visual and noise attenuation qualities. Correlation analysis between the visual quality of the landscape and the amount of blocked noise showed a strong correlation coefficient (0.65; p = 0.0001). Landscapes with better visual quality result in a greater amount of attenuated noise, mainly due to the presence of vegetation.
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Rotem, Dotan, and Gilad Weil. "Natural Ecosystem-Units in Israel and the Palestinian Authority - Representativeness in Protected Areas and Suggested Solutions for Biodiversity Conservation." Journal of Landscape Ecology 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 91–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2014-0011.
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Abstract The geographic location of Israel and the Palestinian Authorityon the border between Mediterranean and desert climate, and the strong topographic and geomorphological variation resulting from its position on the Great African Rift Valley, combine to sustain a great diversity of landscapes in a very small country. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the protected areas in Israel and the Palestinian Authority adequately represent the range of landscapes and ecosystems in the region. Altogether, we defined 23 natural ecosystem-units in Israel and the Palestinian Authority, of which 17 are terrestrial landscapes and 6 are aquatic systems. In considering the adequacy of coverage in protected areas, we mapped Israel and the Palestinian Authority landscapes according to a set of environmental factors (climatic, geomorphological, geological and botanical) that we believe most effectively distinguish landscape types in this region. When the separation between adjacent units relies on sharp topographic or edaphic change in the landscape, the mapped units can be separated by a clear and sharp line. When adjacent units are actually a gradient of continuous environmental conditions the separation lines relied mostly on botanic characteristics. The main land use categories in this analysis were urban areas, agricultural areas, nature reserves, national parks and forest reserves. For the first time in Israel and the Palestinian Authority, we quantified the different landscape types under the different categories of land use. This process, known as systematic conservation planning, allowed us to detect natural landscapes that are underrepresented in protected areas, and can guide decision makers to establish or improve management for the better representation of biodiversity.
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Prudic, Kathleen L., Terese Maxine P. Cruz, Jazmyn I. B. Winzer, Jeffrey C. Oliver, Natalie A. Melkonoff, Hank Verbais, and Andrew Hogan. "Botanical Gardens Are Local Hotspots for Urban Butterflies in Arid Environments." Insects 13, no. 10 (September 23, 2022): 865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13100865.
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Urban areas are proliferating quickly around the globe often with detrimental impacts on biodiversity. Insects, especially pollinators, have also seen record declines in recent decades, sometimes associated with land use change such as urbanization, but also associated with climate changes such as increased aridity. How these various factors play out in attracting and sustaining species richness in a complex urban matrix is poorly understood. Urban botanical gardens may serve as important refugia for insect pollinators in arid regions due to reliable water availability for both plants and insects. Here, we use community science data on butterfly observations to evaluate if botanical gardens can be hotspots of biodiversity in the arid urban landscapes of the southwest US. We found butterfly richness and diversity were proportionally overrepresented in botanical gardens compared with the urban landscape they were embedded in. We conclude that biodiversity-friendly botanical gardens in urban arid regions can make a valuable contribution to pollinator conservation, in particular, in face of the continued aridification due to climate change.
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Pawson, Eric. "Plants, Mobilities and Landscapes: Environmental Histories of Botanical Exchange." Geography Compass 2, no. 5 (September 2008): 1464–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8198.2008.00153.x.
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Kurnia, I., H. Arief, A. Mardiastuti, and R. Hermawan. "Urban landscape for birdwatching activities." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 879, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/879/1/012005.
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Abstract Urban landscapes are usually dominated by built spaces and human-made vegetation, which different from natural landscapes. This difference will affect the composition of birds that can be found in the urban landscape. For birdwatchers, birds are the main object in birdwatching activities. The objectives of this paper were to analyze the feasibility of urban landscapes for birdwatching activities and find out the characteristics of urban landscapes favored by birdwatchers in four cities in Java (Bogor, Sukabumi, Bandung, and Surabaya). Birdwatchers’ site preference and perception were surveyed through online questionnaires in February through May 2020 (n=1,247 respondents). Surveyed data revealed that birdwatching sites’ size varied between 0.05 and 76.82 ha, mainly urban forests and city parks. Most of the urban landscape was habitat to various bird species typical of the urban landscape (e.g., Eurasian tree-sparrow, Cave swiftlet, Black-headed Bulbul). Raptors (e.g., Black-thighed Falconet) are found in several locations. Among the respondents, 25 % (n=309) had previously conducted birdwatching activities in urban landscapes, while 72.0% (n=808) expressed their interest in birdwatching in urban landscapes, indicating that urban landscapes was feasible for birdwatching. The most favorite locations were the Bogor Botanical Gardens, Darmaga Research Forest (both in Bogor), Merdeka Field Park, Cikundul Agrotourism Area (Sukabumi), Bandung Zoo, Babakan Siliwangi City Forest (Bandung), Bungkul Park, and Flora Park (Surabaya). Characteristics of sites favored by birdwatchers were a shady area, not noisy location, and any facilities for birdwatching. The diversity of bird species did not became the main reason.
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Ozerova, L. V., and E. V. Golosova. "PLANT DISPLAY IN THE BOTANICAL GARDENS OF SOUTH AFRICA." LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE IN THE GLOBALIZATION ERA, no. 3 (2022): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37770/2712-7656-2022-3-5-20.
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Currently, the conservation of plant species in culture is of key importance in the conservation activities of botanical gardens. Due to the destruction of natural biocenoses and the disappearance of species in nature, their role is irreplaceable. One of the tasks of botanical gardens is to develop the most effective methods of exhibiting plants with maximum demonstration of their decorative properties and popularization of botanical knowledge among the population. The analysis of the experience of foreign countries allows us to expand our own opportunities for new arrangement of expositions, which is relevant even for botanical gardens located far from each other. The botanical gardens of the southernmost African country – South Africa - demonstrate the state approach to the preservation of national flora and provide an excellent example of the exposition specialization of botanical gardens, which is greatly lacking in the botanical gardens of Russia. Using the opportunities of the surrounding natural landscapes forms a unique image of each botanical garden of South Africa, providing visitors with an extensive range of ecosystem services and botanical knowledge.
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Pogorelov, A. R., I. S. Vovzhenyak, and K. M. Korovin. "Landscapes of the natural protected area of Vladivostok agglomeration." SOCIALNO-ECOLOGICHESKIE TECHNOLOGII, no. 1. 2018 (2018): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2500-2964-2018-1-65-78.
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This article is about physiographic features of the forest area of the Botanical Garden-Institute FEB RAS, which is the most important nature protected area within the Vladivostok agglomeration. As result of the field landscape researches, a landscape map was complied (with the allocation of 10 natural regions). A brief description of the allocated natural regions was given.
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Luize, Bruno Garcia, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Thiago Sanna Freire Silva, and Evlyn Marcia Leão de Moraes Novo. "A floristic survey of angiosperm species occurring at three landscapes of the Central Amazon várzea, Brazil." Check List 11, no. 6 (November 10, 2015): 1789. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/11.6.1789.
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The Amazonian floodplains harbor highly diverse wetland forests, with angiosperms adapted to survive extreme floods and droughts. About 14% of the Amazon Basin is covered by floodplains, which are fundamental to river productivity, biogeochemical cycling and trophic flow, and have been subject to human occupation since Pre-Colombian times. The botanical knowledge about these forests is still incomplete, and current forest degradation rates are much higher than the rate of new botanical surveys. Herein we report the results of three years of botanical surveys in floodplain forests of the Central Amazon. This checklist contains 432 tree species comprising 193 genera and 57 families. The most represented families are Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Sapotaceae, Annonaceae, and Moraceae representing 53% of the identified species. This checklist also documents the occurrence of approximately 236 species that have been rarely recorded as occurring in white-water floodplain forests.
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Roshchyna, N. O., and B. O. Baranovski. "Hydrological and hydrobotanic typology of the lake of North-Steppe Dnieper region." Ecology and Noospherology 30, no. 2 (September 20, 2019): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/031921.
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This article is devoted to the typology of lakes of the North-Steppe Dnieper. In developing the typology of lakes, the parameters were taken into account: landscape location, hydro-chemical and hydro-biological characteristics and the degree of their anthropogenic transformation. The data presented are based on the processing of stationary and route research materials from 1998 to 2018 on the lakes of river valleys: Dnieper, Samara, and Orel. Hydrological indicators are analyzed according to the literature, cartographic and archival data of the Dneprodiprovodkhoz Institute and the Biology Research Institute of Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University. Floristic studies were carried out using general botanical methods of collection and herbarization, and in the study of typical aquatic flora - special hydro-botanical methods. Geo-botanical studies were carried out according to geo-botanical and special hydro-botanical methods. The article presents the hydrological and hydro-botanical features of the lakes of the valley of a large river (Dnieper) and medium rivers (Samara, Orel). Lakes are located exclusively in valley-terrace landscapes in the northern part of the steppe zone of Ukraine. Despite this, based on cartographic materials, we proposed zoning of the territory of the lakes of the North-Steppe Dnieper according to the criteria: their location in lake regions, in various landscapes and the degree of anthropogenic transformation. The following districts and subareas were identified: Dnieper Lake District (Dnieper floodplain lake subarea with slight flooding of the floodplain, Dnieper Lake subarea of floodplain terraces, Dievsky floodplain lake subarea); Samara Lake District (Lake Subarea of Samara Coniferous forest, Lake Subarea of Estuary part of Samara); Orel Lake District. Lakes are located in various physical and geographical conditions of the floodplain, arena and third saline terrace. The typology of the lakes of the North-Steppe Dnieper basin was developed on the basis of regionalization of the location of the lakes, distribution according to the ecological and topographic profile, hydrological, hydro-chemical regimes, degree and nature of overgrowing. 11 types of lakes are identified based on the above criteria. 6 types were identified for the valley of a large river: floodplain lakes (3 types) with a long-flow regime, lakes of the second (sandy) terrace (2 types) and highly mineralized lakes of the third (saline) terrace. 5 types were identified for the valleys of middle rivers: floodplain lakes (3 types) with an episodic short-burial regime, lakes of the second (sandy) terrace (low-mineralized) and excessively mineralized lakes of the third (saline) terrace.
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Soltani, G. A. "Climate change and the activities of botanical gardens." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series 66, no. 4 (November 10, 2021): 491–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2021-66-4-491-496.
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Problems and prospects of botanical gardens in a changing climate are discussed in the article. An increase in the average annual surface air temperature, changes in seasonal indicators and the length of the growing season require action from botanical gardens. Decisions on the management of natural and man-made ecosystems, with the aim of their conservation and sustainable development, must be taken taking into account the ecological situation. The knowledge and experience concentrated in botanical gardens makes it possible to assess the threats and opportunities for climate change and develop adaptation measures to them. All activities of botanical gardens should be aimed at counteracting climate change, include preventive measures based on the expected plant responses and compensatory measures. Research work in all areas should take into account the situation with changing climatic parameters. Special attention should be paid to endemic rare and endangered species, historical landscapes, and changes in the assortment of resistant species, cultivation technologies, and biological invasions. Botanical gardens must be proactive by providing information, plant materials and technologies for national and global climate change adaptation programs.
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Shepard, Glenn H., and Lewis Daly. "Sensory ecologies, plant-persons, and multinatural landscapes in Amazonia." Botany 100, no. 2 (February 2022): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2021-0107.
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Seeking to generate a deeper methodological and theoretical dialogue between botanical science and anthropology, this paper summarizes interdisciplinary approaches to human–plant interactions we have described as “sensory ecology” and “phytoethnography”, applying these concepts to vital questions about human–plant relations in Amazonia. Building on this work, we broaden the scope of our investigations by considering their relevance to the field of historical ecology. In particular, we discuss Eduardo Viveiros de Castro’s concept of “multinaturalism” and explore how it can be applied to understanding management and domestication of forest landscapes in Amazonia by Indigenous Peoples.
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Bontšutšnaja, Anna, Reet Karise, Marika Mänd, and Guy Smagghe. "Bumble Bee Foraged Pollen Analyses in Spring Time in Southern Estonia Shows Abundant Food Sources." Insects 12, no. 10 (October 9, 2021): 922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12100922.
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Agricultural landscapes usually provide higher quantities of single-source food, which are noticeably lacking in diversity and might thus have low nutrient value for bumble bee colony development. Here, in this study, we analysed the pollen foraging preferences over a large territory of a heterogeneous agricultural landscape: southern Estonia. We aimed to assess the botanical diversity of bumble bee food plants in the spring time there. We looked for preferences for some food plants or signs of food shortage that could be associated with any particular landscape features. For this purpose, we took Bombus terrestris commercial hives to the landscape, performed microscopy analyses and improved the results with the innovative DNA metabarcoding technique to determine the botanical origin of bumble bee-collected pollen. We found high variability of forage plants with no strong relationship with any particular landscape features. Based on the low number of plant species in single flights, we deduce that the availability of main forage plants is sufficient indicating rich forage availabilities. Despite specific limitations, we saw strong correlations between microscopy and DNA metabarcoding data usable for quantification analyses. As a conclusion, we saw that the spring-time vegetation in southern Estonia can support bumble bee colony development regardless of the detailed landscape structure. The absence of clearly dominating food preference by the tested generalist bumble bee species B. terrestris makes us suggest that other bumble bee species, at least food generalists, should also find plenty of forage in their early development phase.
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Goodfellow, Liz, and Carol Grove. "Henry Shaw's Victorian Landscapes: The Missouri Botanical Garden and Tower Grove Park." Garden History 34, no. 2 (January 1, 2006): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25472347.
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Golosova, E. V., A. V. Kotova, M. I. Khomutovskiy, A. A. Nikolaeva, I. Yu Budilova, T. I. Sorokina, Е. G. Voitenko, S. A. Plugatar, V. N. Gerasimchuk, and I. I. Golovnyov. "ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE AND DESIGN PROPOSALS FOR THE RESTORATION OF VISUAL CONNECTIONS ON THE AXIS OF THE GRAND CASCADE OF THE NIKITSKY BOTANICAL GARDEN." Landscape architecture in the globalization era 3 (2021): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37770/2712-7656-2021-3-31-50.
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Nikitsky Botanical Garden is one of the oldest botanical institutions in Russia. For more than two centuries of history, the appearance of the garden has repeatedly changed. A significant amount of work on the development of the territory dates back to the post-war period. In the late 40s, a staircase with a cascade of pools was erected, the structure of the axis of which is built on the principle of an enfilade with adjacent spatial elements that create a through expressive perspective. The appearance of the cascade changed in the following years. The conducted historical analysis and visual full-scale surveys of the Lower Park of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden along the axis of the Cascade Staircase showed the loss of the integrity of the visual connection between the spatial elements. The article proposes the concept of restoring visual connections. The territory of the object was divided according to the compositional principle into six zones. The space includes a number of viewpoints from which an overview of various parts of the landscape is revealed, consisting of viewing platforms, vegetation, water objects and other elements connected by stairs. It is possible to restore the connections between the viewpoints of the garden and the landscapes perceived from them on this object using the methods of arboristics and arboplasty. This will significantly improve the aesthetic appearance of the space, restore its integrity and a certain solemnity inherent in the formation.
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Fantz, Paul R., and Donglin Zhang. "085 Horticultural (Cultivated Plant) Taxonomic Research within ASHS." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 456A—456. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.456a.
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Horticultural Science in the past quarter of a century has been shifting to increased emphasis on ornamental plants due to the growth of the modern green industry. Numerous species are being introduced into the exterior and interior landscapes. For popular species, the cultivar, as defined by the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP), has become the basic taxon of cultivated plants. Named ornamental plant cultivars are rising at a rapid rate creating identification and segregation problems in the landscape industry, nurseries, botanic gardens, arboreta, and breeding programs. Government regulations and legal issues are beginning to infringe as solutions to the problems. There is a critical need existing for taxonomic research on ornamental cultivars utilizing classical morphological analysis supplemented with modern biotechnological techniques (e.g., anatomical, chemical, cytological, DNA, Sem analysis). Taxonomic research on existing and newer cultivars can provide quantitative botanical descriptions, keys of segregation, correct identification, determination of correct names and synonymy, improved cultivar documentation, and grouping of similar cultivars in large complexes. The taxonomic research is basic science that has immediate applied application within the horticultural society, and results should be published in the journals of ASHS.
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Alhumaima, A. S., and S. M. Abdullaev. "Tigris Basin Landscapes: Sensitivity of Vegetation Index NDVI to Climate Variability Derived from Observational and Reanalysis Data." Earth Interactions 24, no. 7 (December 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/ei-d-20-0002.1.
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AbstractThe primary aim of this work is to study the response of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of landscapes in the lower Tigris basin to current global and regional climate variability presented, respectively, by the global circulation indices and monthly temperatures and precipitation extracted from five observational/reanalysis datasets. The second task is to find the dataset that best reflects the regional vegetation and climate conditions. Comparison of the Köppen–Trewartha bioclimatic landscapes with the positions of botanical districts, land-cover types, and streamflow estimates led to the conclusion that only two datasets correctly describe regional climatic zones. Therefore, searching for the NDVI response to regional climate variability requires the use of normalized analogs of temperatures and precipitations, as well as the Spearman rank correlation. We found that March/April NDVI, as proxies of the maximum biological productivity of the regional landscapes, are strongly correlated with October–March precipitation derived from three datasets and January–March temperatures derived from one dataset. We discovered the significant impact of autumn–winter El Niño–Southern Oscillation and winter Indian Oceanic dipole states on regional weather (e.g., all five recent severe droughts occurred during strong La Niña events). However, the strength of this impact on the vegetation was clearly linked to the zonal landscape type. By selecting pairs of the temperature/precipitation time series that best correlated with NDVI at a given landscape, we have built a synthetic climate dataset. The landscape approach presented in this work can be used to validate the viability of any dataset when assessing the impacts of climate change and variability on weather-dependent components of Earth’s surface.
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Lavoie, Claude, and Annie Saint-Louis. "The spread of gray birch (Betula populifolia) in eastern Quebec: landscape and historical considerations." Canadian Journal of Botany 77, no. 6 (October 30, 1999): 859–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b99-045.
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The understanding of recent changes of the spatial distribution of tree species occurring in agricultural landscapes is essential to realistically predict future positions of the range limit of tree species. In Quebec (Canada), it has recently been suggested that gray birch (Betula populifolia Marsh.) is spreading rapidly eastward. We tested the hypothesis that this tree migration is strongly facilitated by human activities. Herbarium specimens, historical landscape reconstructions, botanical surveys in mined peatlands and old fields, and dendrochronological data were used to reconstruct past and recent distribution limits of gray birch in the study area (Bas-Saint-Laurent region). Gray birch has been present in the Bas-Saint-Laurent region since at least 1945. However, herbarium specimens and botanical surveys indicate that gray birch individuals were scarce before 1970. The introduction of gray birch in the Bas-Saint-Laurent region seems to be associated with peat mining activities. All mined peatlands located between Rivière-Ouelle and Isle-Verte were colonized by gray birch, but only 11% of old fields surveyed contained at least one gray birch individual. This suggests that the spread of an early successional tree species in an agricultural landscape is facilitated more by the presence of a few large patches favorable to the growth of the species (mined peatlands) than by numerous small patches (old fields). The recent expansion of gray birch populations in the Bas-Saint-Laurent region could be a major concern for peat mining companies because massive invasions of gray birch in abandoned mined bogs may impede successful restoration of these ecosystems.Key words: Betula populifolia, gray birch, Quebec, peatland, old field, landscape ecology.
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Cull, Brendan. "Early Canadian Botanical Photography at the Exposition universelle, Paris 1867." Scientia Canadensis 39, no. 1 (October 12, 2017): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1041377ar.
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Sites et végétaux du Canada was an early photographic experiment in botanical illustration. Presented at the 1867 Paris exposition, the album’s 35 albumen prints were part of the Canadian displays. The photographs were a collaborative effort between Joseph-Charles Taché, Canada’s Executive-Secretary at the exposition; Louis-Ovide Brunet, a Catholic priest and botany professor at the Université Laval; and Livernois & Cie, a Québec City photography studio. Previous work has considered the album as the aesthetic accomplishment of Jules-Isaïe Benoît dit Livernois, excluding Taché and Brunet from the art historical narrative. In this paper, I consider the album’s political and botanical contexts, and viewership, to more clearly situate the album in the visual culture of early Canadian science. In its representation of Canadian landscapes and native-plant specimens, the album effectively employed photography to present Canada as a centre of cutting-edge scientific investigation.
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Bilichenko, Irina. "Classification of mountain taiga geosystems of the Cisbaikalia and their mapping." InterCarto. InterGIS 28, no. 1 (2022): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-1-28-129-138.
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Geosystem studies were carried out in the Cisbaikalia, in its southeastern part—in the section of the Khamar-Daban ridge. Basically, this territory is dominated by mountain-taiga geosystems, which change with height to subgoletz and goletz geosystems, which include subalpinotype and alpinotype landscapes. The study area belongs to the Baikal State Biosphere Reserve. The regularities of the structure of mountain-taiga geosystems at the regional and topological levels are revealed. The main indicators of differentiation at the regional level are the exposure, the structure of rocks, height above sea level, steepness of slopes, vegetation. The vegetation is differentiated in more detail at the topological level, especially for the grass-dwarf shrub layer. Landscape maps were created as a result of field work, analysis of satellite images for different seasons and years, forest inventory data, previously published thematic maps of different scales: geological, soil, botanical. At the regional level, the map shows the landscape structure of the rank of the facies classes, and at the topological level—the facies. Using the methodology of the geosystem school of V.B. Sochava on a medium-scale map shows the dynamic categories of landscape structure. Primary stablest, pseudo-primary, and serial geosystems were identified here, with the main area occupied by the last two categories. On the site along the Vydrinaya River, where the ecological path passes, the vegetation was studied in more detail, as the most rapidly reacting component to the proposed development of tourism here. In general, the specially protected territories of the Baikal region need scientifically-based nature management planning with the study of landscape components individually and as a whole, as well as the creation of landscape maps that reflect the current state of these landscapes.
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Jayakumar, Abhirami Mini, and Paingamadathil Ommer Nameer. "Species composition and abundance estimates of reptiles in selected agroecosystems in southern Western Ghats, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 10, no. 10 (September 26, 2018): 12328–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.3652.10.10.12328-12336.
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Species composition and abundance of reptiles in selected agroecosystems in Thrissur plains, near Palghat Gap, southern Western Ghats in India, was studied from January 2017 to May 2017. The agroecosystems surveyed were coconut, cashew & rubber plantations, home garden, paddy field, and botanical garden. Time-constrained visual encounter surveys of a total effort of 360 man-hours were done in the field. Coconut and cashew plantations reported the highest species richness with 11 species each, while the highest number of sightings (159) were recorded from botanical garden. Bronze Grass Skink Eutropis macularia was the most abundant species in agroecosystems. Correspondence analysis was done to compare the reptilian diversity in the agroecosystems. The reptile fauna of home garden and paddy field were found to be more distinct than the rest of the agroecosystems. A total of 17 species of reptiles were recorded during the study, thus highlighting the significance of agroecosystems in acting as important buffer landscapes for reptiles.
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Mudrak, O. V., G. F. Mazur, K. H. Herasymiuk, H. V. Mudrak, and H. S. Tarasenko. "Environmental management of protected objects of the Eastern Podillya: Theory and practice." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 9, no. 4 (December 26, 2019): 732–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2019_819.
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The article deals with environmental management of the objects and territories of the Eastern Podillya Nature Reserve in the structure of the regional ecological network from the standpoint of physical and geographical zoning. A system of approaches and principles is proposed, which should be used when forming a network of protected objects. The main criterion for the selection of these objects should be the principle of representativeness, while it is advisable to take into account their three types - biotic (botanical; zoological; mycological); geographical (landscape; biogeographic); geosozological (objective; categorical; functional). The area, its size, configuration, state of internal ecological equilibrium, he qualitative and quantitative composition of the protected objects, the degree of anthropogenic impact and the types of conservation regimes play an important role in the creation of the protected objects. But also, of great importance in forming a network of protected objects is the matrix representation, which is widely used in EU countries. The basis is the landscape-zonal principle, where the matrix of biodiversity and landscapes are systems of units of natural areas (biogeographical, geobotanical, floristic, zoogeographic, physical and geographical). According to this principle, the creation of protected objects must be represented by typical (indicator) species of biodiversity, landscapes of all natural zones, subzones, regions, provinces, sub-provinces, districts. On-site surveys of the Eastern Podillya have found that a large proportion of protected sites do not fulfill the function of biodiversity and landscape diversity. The conducted field studies have shown that in the present ecological conditions of the region there is a risk of loss of this diversity. Therefore, using the principle of representativeness, we propose to optimize the nature reserve fund of Eastern Podillya from the point of view of physical and geographical zoning.
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Sriladda, Chalita, Heidi A. Kratsch, Steven R. Larson, Thomas A. Monaco, FenAnn Shen, and Roger K. Kjelgren. "Interspecific Hybrid of Xeric Shepherdia rotundifolia and Riparian Shepherdia argentea: Description, and Traits Suitable for Low-water Urban Landscapes." HortScience 51, no. 7 (July 2016): 822–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.51.7.822.
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Shepherdia rotundifolia Parry (roundleaf buffaloberry), a shrub endemic to the U.S. Colorado Plateau high desert, has aesthetic and drought tolerance qualities desirable for low-water urban landscapes. However, slow growth and too often fatal sensitivity to wet or disturbed soil stymies nursery production and urban landscape use. The goal of this study was to create an interspecific hybrid between the evergreen-xeric S. rotundifolia and its widely adapted, fast-growing, deciduous relative Shepherdia argentea (silver buffaloberry) distributed in western North America riparian habitats. Genetics and leaf morphology of the resulting S. argentea × S. rotundifolia hybrid are described and compared with the parents, as well as hybrid gas exchange as a reasonable proxy for growth rate and potential tolerance of poor soil. Hybrid genotypes were heterogenous, but contained an intermediate and equal contribution of alleles from genetically heterogenous parent populations. Leaf morphology traits were also intermediate between both parents. Aesthetic leaf qualities (silver-blue color and revolute margins) sought from S. rotundifolia were conserved in all offspring. However, gas exchange responses varied widely between the two surviving hybrids. Both hybrids showed greater tolerance of wet, fertile substrate—and promise for use in low-water landscapes—than S. rotundifolia. However, one hybrid conserved faster growth, and by inference possibly greater tolerance of wet or disturbed soil, from S. argentea, while the opposite was observed in the second hybrid. Following botanical nomenclature, we named this hybrid Shepherdia ×utahensis.
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Choo, L. M., W. F. Ang, A. H. B. Loo, and K. B. H. Er. "Unravelling the identity of Sindora(Fabaceae, Detarioideae) trees in the historical landscapes of Singapore." Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 74, no. 2 (December 28, 2022): 159–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26492/gbs74(2).2022-04.
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Sindora Miq. is a noteworthy genus in Singapore, with records of its existence, both natural and cultivated, dating back to the colonial period. Among which was the iconic‘Changi Tree’, an approximately 76 m tall tree at Changi that was felled in 1942 during WorldWar II. With the recent revision of the genus in Singapore, it was timely to survey the key historical landscapes at the Singapore Botanic Gardens (SBG), Fort Canning Park (FCP) and Changi Village Estate (CVE) for Sindora trees that are currently found or were once present in these locations. This was done through a site survey of the three areas, a study of herbarium specimens, literature and pictorial records relating to these areas, and the carbon dating of selected trees to ascertain their ages. At least 26 mature Sindora trees were recorded from this study, with at least 23 from SBG, one from FCP and two from CVE. Eighteen of these trees have been lost over time, leaving a total of eight trees consisting of an individual of Sindora siamensis Teijsm. ex Miq. and five of Sindora wallichii Benth. from SBG, one Sindora siamensis from FCP and one Sindora × changiensis L.M.Choo et al. from CVE. The latter is a hybrid of Sindora coriacea (Baker) Prain and S. echinocalyx Prain, recently elucidated using molecular tools. The identity of the ‘Changi Tree’ could not be fully verified, but it was likely to have been a Sindora echinocalyx based on a herbarium specimen collected from Changi. This study highlights the conservation value of trees in historical landscapes in Singapore, their importance in contributing to the genetic diversity of species in Singapore outside of nature reserves, and their role as a living legacy of Singapore’s rich botanical and horticultural history.
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Hopper, Stephen D. "From Botany Bay to Breathing Planet: an Australian perspective on plant diversity and global sustainability." Pacific Conservation Biology 19, no. 4 (2013): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc130356.
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With a special focus on Australia, this paper proposes that plant diversity is fundamentally important for sustainable living at a time of unprecedented global change. The establishment of Australia as a nation is intimately linked with Botany Bay, named by Captain James Cook following the enthusiasm for novel botanical discoveries made by Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander on the Endeavour’s first Australian landfall in 1770. On returning to England, Banks was introduced to King George III, and they became firm friends, the King inviting Banks to become honorary Director of the Royal Gardens at Kew in west London. Today, Kew is the world’s largest botanical garden, with the most diverse scientific collections of plants on Earth, leading research, and conservation projects like the Millennium Seed Bank Partnership. Plant diversity has never been more important than now to help with solutions towards sustainable livelihoods. This paper touches upon global plant diversity patterns, ongoing scientific discovery, and strategies that have helped and will help towards humans living with and sustainably using plant diversity. Such approaches are embraced in the Breathing Planet Programme, Kew’s strategy with partners for inspiring and delivering science-based plant conservation worldwide, aimed at enhancing the quality of life at a time of unprecedented global change. Today’s plant science and cross-cultural learning with Australia’s Aboriginal people are also helping better understand the astounding place that Banks first stepped onto at Botany Bay, and demonstrating that Australia has much to teach the world about plant diversity and human enrichment on ancient landscapes. OCBIL Theory is explored briefly to exemplify this contention; OCBIL is an acronym for ‘old, climatically buffered, infertile landscapes’.
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Mudrak, О. V., G. V. Mudrak, and A. L. Shcherbliuk. "Scientific-methodical and practical principles for assessment of the key territories of the Eastern Podillya's econetwork based on the main criteria of their formation." Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal, no. 28 (December 14, 2021): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31481/uhmj.28.2021.07.
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The article presents scientific-methodical and practical principles for assessment of key territories of the ecological network of Eastern Podillya based on the main criteria of their formation. It offers the system of appropriate approaches and principles to be applied for formation of the key territories of the region's ecological network. The principle of representativeness should serve as a main criterion for selection of the key territories, however, we still advise to consider three types of such territories – biotic (botanical, zoological, mycological); geographical (landscape; biogeographical); geozoological (object; categorical; functional). Such aspects as area, size, configuration, state of internal ecological balance should play a significant role in creating the key territories, however, the qualitative and quantitative composition of protected objects, degree of anthropogenic impact on natural and man-made ecosystems and types of conservation regimes are also extremely important. Matrix representativeness, which is widely used in EU countries, should be also of great importance in forming a network of key territories. It is based on the landscape-zonal principle, where the systems of natural zoning units (biogeographical, geobotanical, floristic, forest typological, zoogeographical, physical-geographical) form the matrix of biodiversity species and landscapes. According to this principle, the basis for creation of key territories should by all means include typical (indicator) species of biodiversity, landscapes of all natural zones, subzones, regions, provinces, sub-provinces, districts. The field surveys of Eastern Podillya led us to a conclusion that a significant number of key territories do not perform a function of preserving biotic and landscape diversity. The conducted field researches allowed establishing the fact that there is a risk of losing such diversity under current ecological conditions of the region. Therefore, using the principle of representativeness, we presented a method of assessing the key territories of the Eastern Podillya's ecological network based on the main criteria of their formation. The main criteria include degree of naturalness of a certain key territory, its floristic and faunistic significance, landscape-coenotic and specific (relating to species) representativeness, purpose of a key territory, and its protected status (regime).
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Shupova, T. V. "Connections of alien birds species with alien plants of parks and botanical gardens." Studia Biologica 15, no. 1 (2021): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/sbi.1501.648.
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Introduction. In urban conditions, alien species of biota have become an integral part of the cultural landscape. Today, an overall assessment of the influence of alien species on the functioning of ecosystems of their secondary range as is relevant. Such an assessment requires knowledge of the connections formed by alien species in the secondary habitat. The purpose of the study was to find the connections of alien bird species with alien plant species in the parks and botanical gardens of Kyiv. Methods. Assessment was carried out in 10 forest parks, 3 botanical gardens, and 14 urban parks. In parks and botanical gardens, there is a wide range of plants alien to Kyiv Region, in contrast to forest parks. The number and distribution of birds were determined using the method of transect counts. The total area under study was about 370 hectares. Principal Component Analysis of the characteristics of habitats on which the number of alien birds may depend has been carried out. In the research, α-diversity indices of bird communities; number of people (individuals/km); number of pets (individuals/km); park’s area (ha); part of the territory; under the trees (%); part of alien species on plants communities (%) were analyzed. Results. Parus major, Turdus merula, Erithacus rubecula, Fringilla сoelebs dominate in all communities. Columba palumbus, Ficedula albicollis, Turdus pilaris, Columba livia, Apus apus, Sturnus vulgaris, Passer domesticus sometimes dominate in bird communities in parks and botanical gardens. There are no alien species in forest parks. 4 alien species nest in parks and botanical gardens: Streptopelia decaocto, Dendrocopos syriacus, Phoenicurus ochruros, Serinus serinus (from the last century). Phylloscopus trochiloides was observed for the first time. Nesting of Ph. trochiloides was not confirmed. Alien birds are not evenly distributed (0–3 species). Nest density is low: S. decaocto 0.013±0.01–0.021±0.01, D. syriacus 0.031±0.01–0.043±0.04, Ph. ochruros 0–0.034±0.02, S. serinus 0.013±0.01–0.017±0.01. We assume that alien bird species is an element that replaces the species that were eliminated from the community. Their nesting in forest parks is an indicator of a disruption of the functioning of the forest ecosystem as a result of anthropogenic transformation of the forest. The presence of alien species of birds in modern parks and botanical gardens is normal. Their biotopes were created on the sites of destroyed landscapes and with using alien plant species. Conclusion. In parks and botanical gardens, a specific structure of the plant community has developed due to the introduction of alien plant species, with a tree height of 3–5 m. As a consequence, alien birds find nesting stations in communities of nesting birds, which were not occupied by native species due to the absence of many species of tree canopy nesters and ground nesters birds. Alien species of birds also get access to vacant food resources. Alien birds use vacant resources. It was found that the area of parks has the most profound positive impact on the number of species of alien birds (+0.517), as well as the ratio of alien birds (+0.227). Other important correlations observed were the following: the number of species of alien birds in the bird communities – a part of alien species in plant communities (+0.084), the ratio of alien birds – part of alien species in plant communities (+0.041). The strongest negative connection is as follows: the number of species of alien birds in the bird communities – the number of pets (-0.213), the ratio of alien birds – the number of pets (-0.384).
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Kratsch, Heidi A. "(86) Seed Germination and Seedling Survival of Alnus maritima (Seaside Alder) in Three Soils in Northern Utah." HortScience 40, no. 4 (July 2005): 1042A—1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1042a.
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Alnusmaritima may have potential for use in home and commercial landscapes in northern Utah. This fast-growing, fall-blooming shrub is cold-hardy to USDA hardiness zone 3b and tolerant of nutrient-poor soils and full sun. Because this taxon is native to low-elevation wetlands, I seek to determine its response to the high desert soils and climate of northern Utah. My specific objective was to test germination and survival of plants from seed sowed in three diverse soil types typical of the Wasatch front in north-central Utah. Seeds were rinsed with distilled water and cold-stratified in darkness for 16 weeks between wet filter paper in sealed petri dishes. Stratified seeds were sowed in flats filled with soil from each of three sites at the Utah Botanical Center in Kaysville and held in a greenhouse. Seeds planted in flats filled with soilless germination mix served as controls. Flats with 60 seeds were experimental units, and each medium was replicated three times. Soils ranged from silty loam to loam, nitrate-N was 3.2 to 5.4 mg·kg-1, and there was 1.4% to 2.9% organic matter. Germination rates were highest in the soilless mix (50%). Of the three soil types, the highest germination rates (24%) occurred in a loamy soil high in organic matter (2.9%). Rates were similar (12.5% and 13%) in the other two soils. Seeds of A. maritima can germinate in soils typical of urban landscapes in northern Utah, so both the potential for invasiveness and the performance of plants in the landscape of northern Utah are being evaluated.
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Christianson, D., and S. Creel. "Photosynthetic pigments estimate diet quality in forage and feces of elk (Cervus elaphus)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 93, no. 1 (January 2015): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2014-0154.
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Understanding the nutritional dynamics of herbivores living in highly seasonal landscapes remains a central challenge in foraging ecology with few tools available for describing variation in selection for dormant versus growing vegetation. Here, we tested whether the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids) in forage and feces of elk (Cervus elaphus L., 1785) were correlated with other commonly used indices of forage quality (digestibility, energy content, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and nitrogen content) and diet quality (fecal nitrogen, fecal NDF, and botanical composition of the diet). Photosynthetic pigment concentrations were strongly correlated with nitrogen content, gross energy, digestibility, and NDF of elk forages, particularly in spring. Winter and spring variation in fecal pigments and fecal nitrogen was explained with nearly identical linear models estimating the effects of season, sex, and day-of-spring, although models of fecal pigments were consistently a better fit (r2adjusted = 0.379–0.904) and estimated effect sizes more precisely than models of fecal nitrogen (r2adjusted = 0.247–0.773). A positive correlation with forage digestibility, nutrient concentration, and (or) botanical composition of the diet implies fecal photosynthetic pigments may be a sensitive and informative descriptor of diet selection in free-ranging herbivores.
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Bouchal, Johannes Martin, Tuncay Hüseyin Güner, and Thomas Denk. "Middle Miocene climate of southwestern Anatolia from multiple botanical proxies." Climate of the Past 14, no. 10 (October 17, 2018): 1427–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1427-2018.
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Abstract. The middle Miocene climate transition (MMCT) was a phase of global cooling possibly linked to decreasing levels of atmospheric CO2. The MMCT coincided with the European Mammal Faunal Zone MN6. From this time, important biogeographic links between Anatolia and eastern Africa include the hominid Kenyapithecus. Vertebrate fossils suggested mixed open and forested landscapes under (sub)tropical seasonal climates for Anatolia. Here, we infer the palaeoclimate during the MMCT and the succeeding cooling phase for a middle Miocene (14.8–13.2 Ma) intramontane basin in southwestern Anatolia using three palaeobotanical proxies: (i) Köppen signatures based on the nearest living-relative principle; (ii) leaf physiognomy analysed with the Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program (CLAMP); (iii) genus-level biogeographic affinities of fossil flora with modern regions. The three proxies reject tropical and hot subtropical climates for the MMCT of southwestern Anatolia and instead infer mild warm temperate C climates. Köppen signatures reject summer-dry Cs climates but cannot discriminate between fully humid Cf and winter-dry Cw; CLAMP reconstructs Cf climate based on the low X3.wet∕X3.dry ratio. Additionally, we assess whether the palaeobotanical record resolves transitions from the warm Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO, 16.8–14.7 Ma) to the MMCT (14.7–13.9 Ma), and a more pronounced cooling at 13.9–13.8 Ma, as reconstructed from benthic stable isotope data. For southwestern Anatolia, we find that arboreal taxa predominate in MCO flora (MN5), whereas in MMCT flora (MN6) abundances of arboreal and non-arboreal elements strongly fluctuate, indicating higher structural complexity of the vegetation. Our data show a distinct pollen zone between MN6 and MN7+8 dominated by herbaceous taxa. The boundary between MN6 and MN7+8, roughly corresponding to a first abrupt cooling at 13.9–13.8 Ma, might be associated with this herb-rich pollen zone.
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Kovtoniuk, Anna. "Composition of the Synanthropic Fraction of Spontaneous Flora of the Gardens and Parks in the Middle Pobuzhzhia Region of Ukraine." Botanica 25, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 156–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/botlit-2019-0017.
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AbstractThe aim of our work was to analyse synanthropic fraction of spontaneous flora of gardens and parks in the Middle Pobuzhzhia Region of Ukraine and to reveal the features of synanthropisation. The landscapes of gardens and parks in the Region include botanical gardens, arboretums and monuments of landscape art. A total of 15 objects were studied. The floras of parks were estimated by proportion of different groups (origin, naturalisation degree, time and ways of introduction) of synanthropic species. The synanthropic fraction of spontaneous flora was calculated using the indices of synanthropisation, apophytisation, anthropophytisation, archeophytisation, kenophytisation and modernisation. These indices were specified for each park and for the Middle Pobuzhzhia Region in general. The obtained data were compared to each other and to the analogous urban floras from different zones of Ukraine. It was revealed that the apophytisation processes were dominated by the processes of adventisation in most of the parks. The proportion of the synanthropic fraction of spontaneous flora of the Middle Pobuzhzhia Region was significantly lower compared to urban floras of some cities of Ukraine, and despite a considerable anthropogenic pressure retained some features of natural flora.
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Novytska, Svitlana, Lyubov Yankovs'ka, and Ihor Vitenko. "NATURAL RECREATIONAL RESOURCES OF CHORTKIV DISTRICT OF TERNOPIL REGION." SCIENTIFIC ISSUES OF TERNOPIL VOLODYMYR HNATIUK NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY. SERIES: GEOGRAPHY 51, no. 2 (December 5, 2021): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2519-4577.21.2.16.
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The article presents a component-by-component analysis of natural recreational resources of the newly created territorial and administrative unit –Chortkiv district of Ternopil region. Geomorphological, water, biotic recreational resources are described. It is proposed to allocate the Chortkiv recreational area, which will include three recreational complexes: Monastyrysk and Buchach, Borshchiv and Zalishchyky, Chortkiv and Husyatyn. For the selected recreational complexes and nodes the types of recreational occupations according to the main groups of recreational resources are offered.The Monastyrysk and Buchach recreational complex has recreationally interesting landscapes that are part of the Dniester Canyon Landscape park, in particular the cascades of Rusylivsky and Sokiletsky waterfalls, the Zholoby cave (for cognitive recreation), and the mass recreation territory in the area of the Lisova camp site, as well as the valley of the Strypa River from the village of Skomorohy (Buchach territorial community) to the village of Lytychi (Zalishchyky territorial community) for water tourism. Borshchiv and Zalishchyky recreational complex includes Borshchiv and Zalishchyky recreation centers and is characterized by very high recreational potential due to the aesthetic appeal of landscapes, a large number of living and inanimate objects, high climate comfort. The Dniester canyon, saturated with natural protection objects along its entire length, is favorable for the development of ecotourism, tourist and excursion cognitive recreation.Zalishchyky recreational center. Within the valley of the Dniester River in the vicinity of the village Khmelev, the valley of the river Dzhuryn near the village Nyrkiv and village Nahoryany (Chervonogorod waterfall) of Tovste territorial community, areas for mass recreation. The development of cognitive tourist and excursion recreation is promoted by Zhyzhavsk and Obizhevsk botanical reserves of national importance, in which forest and meadow and steppe groups with valuable relict shrubs are protected: Polish spiraea, Cyticus Podilskyy, dwarf cherry. Kasperivtsi Landscape Reserve of national importance with unique natural complexes in the valley of the Seret River with a picturesque reservoir, the presence of geological, paleontological and botanical objects of nature is a place of short-term recreation. In the valley of the Dniester and its tributaries there are ways to the surface of mineral waters – sulfate, chloride, like "Naftusya" or "Druskininkai" (Zalishchyky, Tovste), as well as medicinal peat bog (Tovste), which, in combination with a warm climate (climatotherapy), is the basis for the development of health and recreation.The unique flora of Western Podilsk Transdnistria is represented in Zhyzhavsk, Obizhevsk, Shutromyntsi, tract "Hlody" botanical nature reserves, can be the object of scientific and cognitive tourism for botanists, teachers, students, students of profile and secondary schools.Borshchiv recreation center also has a high recreational potential. Extremely interesting for the development of scientific and cognitive tourism are the outcrops of sediments belonging to the Paleozoic era (Trubchyn tract, Dzvenyhorodsk Silurian outcrops, Silurian and Devonian deposits in the Dniester, Khudykivsk outcrops of Lower Cretaceous deposits). In terms of completeness, number of fossil fauna and flora, accessibility for observation, most of them are of international importance and are stratotypes for the Eastern European platform.Chortkiv and Husyatyn recreation complex includes Husyatyn and Chortkiv recreation centers. Husyatyn recreation center specializes in the development of health and recreation. Husyatyn is a balneological resort with the use of low-mineralized water with a high content of organic substances such as "Naftusya" called "Novozbruchanska" and brines of high mineralization such as "Druskininkai" called "Husyatynska". Chortkiv recreational center specializes in short-term recreation, development of sports and recreation, which is facilitated by areas of river floodplains, slopes covered with forests, the river Seret for various types of water tourism.Key words: recreational resources, administrative district, recreational district, recreational complex.
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Sedayu, Agung, Rahadian Ajeng Saraswati, and Yuli Puji Astuti. "LIGHT PREFERENCES IN TWO LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENTS AND ONTOGENIC LIGHT REQUIREMENTS OF TERRESTRIAL FERNS IN KEBUN RAYA BATURRADEN, CENTRAL JAVA." REINWARDTIA 21, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/reinwardtia.v21i1.4265.
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SEDAYU, A., SARASWATI, R. A. & ASTUTI, Y. P. 2022. Light preferences in two landscape managements and ontogenic light requirements of terrestrial ferns in Kebun Raya Baturraden, Central Java. Reinwardtia 21(1): 25–33. — Human management on landscapes influences environmental requirements including solar irradiation, which may affect fern establishment in different age classes. Two contrasting terrestrial fern communities were inspected in Kebun Raya Baturraden, Central Java; the first thrives among the garden (collection) area, representing the well managed area, and the latter living on the less managed area closest to a natural forest remnant. We found 78.7% species living exclusively in either landscape type; only 21% were shared on both, indicating a light preference among ferns and lycophytes. The four most common species (out of 32 fern and lycophyte species), Cyclosorus heterocarpus, Selaginella ornata, Nephrolepis biserrata, and Sphaerostephanos arbuscula in three different age classes and under gradient canopy openness were surveyed. Statistical test on the canopy openness of individuals of S. ornata and N. biserrata showed that three age categories used significantly different canopy openness, which is not the case for C. heterocarpus and S. arbuscula. It showed that some ferns and lycophytes ontogenically have gradual requirements on light exposure, while others are able to live in wide range of light exposure. This implies that in terms of wild species management, including ferns, the Baturraden gardens landscape management must be directed toward the ecological understanding of species of interest for Botanical Gardens and conservation
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Bowcutt, Frederica. "Creation of a Field Guide to Camas Prairie Plants with Undergraduates: Project-Based Learning Combined with Epistemological Decolonization." Ethnobiology Letters 12, no. 1 (February 12, 2021): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14237/ebl.12.1.2021.1723.
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Remnant camas prairies and associated oak woodlands are the focus of contemporary Indigenous food sovereignty efforts in the Salish Sea (aka Puget Sound) region of western Washington. They are also the focus of research and restoration to conserve at-risk species of animals and plants protected under the United States Endangered Species Act. Currently there is little collaboration between tribes and restoration scientists. These conditions create an opportunity and ethical imperative for developing undergraduate curriculum that highlights the connections between biodiversity conservation and traditional Indigenous ecological knowledge. Patchy mosaic prairie-oak woodland vegetation visibly reflects the imprint of human activity, which includes past burning to foster native food plants including common camas (Camassia quamash) and Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana). Using a floristic research project focused on these cultural landscapes as a case study, this essay illustrates how interdisciplinary inquiry and service learning can enrich college-level plant taxonomy curriculum, while creating rich opportunities for students to link their botanical studies to a historically-grounded understanding of why the conservation challenges exist in the first place. Through this collaborative, multi-year research effort, students contribute to the production of needed resources useful to regional conservation efforts. Affiliated learning communities also consider what it might mean to decolonize botanical knowledge in the context of ecological restoration.
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Mao, Runqian, Yingfang Xiao, and Steven P. Arthurs. "Vespiform Thrips Franklinothrips vespiformis Crawford (Insecta:Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae)." EDIS 2015, no. 5 (August 5, 2015): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-in1083-2015.
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Franklinothrips vespiformis Crawford is a predatory thrips with a pantropical distribution. The distinctive red, humped-back larvae and fast-moving ant-like adults are predaceous on small arthropods. In addition to being easily mistaken for an ant, this beneficial thrips is unusual in that it constructs a silken cocoon within which it pupates. Males of this species are rare. This species is sold for use as a biological control agent in botanical gardens, zoos, interior landscapes, research greenhouses, nurseries with ornamental plants as well as outdoors in subtropical regions. This 4-page fact sheet was written by Runqian Mao, Yingfang Xiao, and Steven P. Arthurs, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, March 2015. (Photo credit: Runqian Mao, UF/IFAS)
EENY621/IN1083: Vespiform Thrips Franklinothrips vespiformis Crawford (Insecta: Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) (ufl.edu)
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McNeil, Elizabeth. "Indigenous and Ecofeminist Reclamation and Renewal: The Ghost Dance in Silko’s Gardens in the Dunes." Humanities 11, no. 4 (June 25, 2022): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h11040079.
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Early in the development of ecofeminist literary criticism, white feminists borrowed shallowly and unethically from Indigenous cultures. Using that underinformed discourse to interpret Native American women’s literature resulted in idealizing and silencing Indigenous women’s voices and concerns. Native American feminist literary critics have also asserted that a well-informed, inclusive “tribal-feminism” or Indigenous-feminist critical approach can be appropriate and productive, in that it focuses on unique and shared imbalances created by white patriarchal colonization, thinking, and ways of being that affect Indigenous and non-Indigenous women and cultures and the environment. In her third novel, Gardens in the Dunes, Leslie Marmon Silko interweaves an ecological critique of white imperialist botanical exploitation of landscapes and Indigenous peoples globally with both a celebration of Native American relationships to the land and Indigenous women’s resourceful resistance and an ecofeminist reclamation of European pagan/Great Goddess iconography, sacred landscapes, and white feminist autonomy. Expanding on earlier Indigenous-feminist readings, this ecofeminist analysis looks at a key trope in Gardens, the Ghost Dance, an environmentally and ancestrally focused nineteenth-century sacred resistance and reclamation rite. Silko’s is a late-twentieth-century literary adaptation/enactment in what is the continuing r/evolution of the Ghost Dance, a dynamic figure in Native American literature and culture.
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Honchar, H. Yu, and A. M. Gnatiuk. "The diversity of wild bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) in the M. M. Gryshko National Botanic Gardens of the NAS of Ukraine." Kharkov Entomological Society Gazette 26, no. 2 (December 21, 2018): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36016/khesg-2018-26-2-5.
Full textAbstract:
The variety of landscapes and diversity of flowering plants in botanic gardens have a positive impact on the species diversity of wild bees, and creates favorable conditions for different ecological groups. In М. М. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine (NBG) the fauna of wild bees, their trophic specialization and nesting strategies was studied for the first time. Totally 147 species from 6 families and 35 genera were found. Family Colletidae is represented by 8% of the species and 7.82 % of the individuals, Andrenidae — 24% and 19.32%, Melittidae — 3% and 1.42 %, Halictidae — 21 and 28.44 %, Megachilidae — 17% and 9.9%, Apidae — 27% and 33.1% respectively. The species structure of bees by ecological groups is distributed as follows: polylectic species — 77%, oligolectic species — 23%; solitary — 67%, eusocial — 12%, cleptoparasites — 21%; ground nesting bees — 59%, nesting in a different substrate (tree cavities, hollow plant stems, voids, holes, walls of buildings etc.) — 20%. The feed resources of the NBG are very diverse and comprise more than 100 species of flowering plants from 40 families, some of which are introduced, ornamental species and varieties. Four species from the Red Data Book of Ukraine are recorded — Andrena chrysopus, Bombus muscorum, B. argillaceus, and Xylocopa valga. The results indicate that the NBG is an important place for conservation of the wild bees’ diversity in the territory of Kyiv.
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Thomson, Lex A. J., Paul A. Geraghty, and William H. Wilson. "Hawaiian seascapes and landscapes: reconstructing elements of a Polynesian ecological knowledge system." Journal of the Polynesian Society 129, no. 4 (December 2020): 407–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15286/jps.129.4.407-446.
Full textAbstract:
Kaute and its derivatives koute, ʻoute and ʻaute are Polynesian names for a red-flowered Hibiscus. Since its first botanical collection on Tahiti by Banks and Solander (1769), this hibiscus has been referred to as H. rosa-sinensis L. and assumed to have been introduced by the bearers of the archaeological culture known as Lapita. Lapita people settled West Polynesia around 2800 BP and spoke a language derived from Proto-Oceanic, the common ancestor of almost all the Austronesian languages of Island Melanesia and Micronesia as well as Polynesia. However, whereas Proto-Oceanic names can be reconstructed for many plants found in East Polynesia, the term kaute cannot be attributed to Proto-Oceanic, the name likely being locally derived in East Polynesia from that of paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L’Hér. ex Vent.). On the basis of linguistic evidence, we contend that kaute was domesticated in a high island area of Central Eastern Polynesia and then dispersed in relatively recent pre-European times (ca. 500–700 BP) westwards through West Polynesia, to nearby islands such as the Fiji archipelago and Rotuma and to Polynesian Outliers in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Dissemination occurred before the -au- sequence changed to -ou- and k sporadically changed to ʻ, so that kaute rather than contemporary Marquesan koute and ʻoute was the term that was carried westward from the Marquesas. Kaute is here suggested to be an endemic East Polynesian species, different from H. rosa-sinensis L. Further field and genetic research is needed to definitively determine the phylogenetic relationships of kaute and a taxonomic description is required for formal recognition.
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Derevska, К., К. Rudenko, М. Shevchuk, and E. Myryzhuk. "ASSESSMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL CONDITION OF THE ILYINETS IMPACT STRUCTURE ENVIRONMENT." Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geology, no. 3(98) (2022): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.98.08.
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The article summarizes information about the Ilyinets structure exclusiveness, highlights its geological, mineralogical and geochemical, landscape and historical and cultural features. This topic relevance is due to the issues of preserving land resources within the cosmogenic landscape and assessing the state of the environment. The assessment of the ecological state of the study area made it possible to outline the threats to the environment within the Ilyinets crater. Among the natural origin threats, exogenous processes (geological work of surface waters, wind erosion, weathering) stand out, as a result of which ravines and gullies are formed; there is soil degradation, landscape changes and the like. Anthropogenic pressure carries two types of threats: unintentional actions to cause harm; and willful harm. The anthropogenic activity sometimes coincides with natural processes, raising their harmful consequences. In the work, stresses, critical, supercritical and catastrophic states of the environment of the Ilyinets impact structure are indicated. The characteristics and ranking of environmental threats are presented. The data obtained allow us to represent the ecological state of the Ilyinets crater as close to supercritical. We consider the administrative approach to the geological natural monuments allocation to be the main problem of the Ilyinets impact structure preservation. In order to stop the deterioration of the ecological state and preserve the unique natural structure, soils, landscapes and biogeodiversity of the territory, it is proposed to create the Ilyinets National Natural Park together with the existing botanical reserves, since increased ravine formation and intensive agricultural activities will lead to the land and forest resources degradation, impoverishment of biodiversity, as well as the loss of the recreational and tourist attractiveness of the region as a whole.
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Pausz, Thomas. "Making New Land: An Intertidal Aesthetics." Performance Philosophy 6, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 174–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21476/pp.2021.62328.
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Making New Land is an essay in theory-fiction set in a near future, where the oceans have disappeared. In these devastated landscapes, a first person narrator investigates unsolved biological enigmas on Earth and on Mars. In the footsteps of a fictional group of Anarcho-botanists called Sea for Space, the story alternates a melancholic longing for the beauty of intertidal and coastal lifeforms with futuristic visions of new species engineered by humans as new companions. The scenario explores archetypal figures of plant-human coexistence: from the botanical gaze to a nostalgic longing for connection, and from the hubris of genetical engineering to the dream of a post-humanism communion with the vegetal. The fictional story is interwoven with scholarly references and a critical discussions of artistic and literary works dealing with the fauna, flora and mythologies of the seaside, which form the outlines of an 'Intertidal Aesthetics'.
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Razjigaeva, N. G., T. A. Grebennikova, L. A. Ganzey, V. V. Chakov, M. A. Klimin, L. M. Mokhova, and E. N. Zakharchenko. "STRATIGRAPHY OF BLANKET PEATLAND AND DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTS OF THE BOLSHOY CHANTAR ISLAND IN THE LATE GLACIAL-HOLOCENE." Tikhookeanskaya Geologiya 40, no. 3 (2021): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.30911/0207-4028-2021-40-3-85-102.
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Continued record of paleogeographic events in the Shantar islands since the end of the Pleistocene was restored on the basis of a multy-proxy study of the stratigraphy of the blanket peatland. Biostratigraphical studies included botanical, diatom and pollen analyses. The age-depth model was built using 7 radiocarbon dates. For the first time, data of the environment development were obtained for the coldest part of the Sea of Okhotsk. Synchronicity and metachronicity of paleoclimatic events with regional data and global changes have been established. The Younger Dryas on the Shantar islands was much colder than in other areas around the Sea of Okhotsk. The climate became more maritime after the isolation of the islands at the early-middle Holocene. The influence of the cold sea and the presence of drifting ice were one of the main factors, why the early and middle Holocene optimums were poorly manifested here, and also determined the specifics of climatic rhythm. Models explaining alternation of relatively warm and cold periods with different humidity are proposed. The age of periods with heavy snowfalls has been established, as evidenced by the change in the role of shrub pine in island vegetation. Phases of development of local swamp and zonal landscapes are highlighted. Spruce appeared on the area ~11410–10345 cal. yr. BP, when there was a landbridge, and spruce trees became common in the middle Holocene and especially at the boundary of the middle-late Holocene. One of the controlling factors for the development of swamp landscapes was thermokarst processes. Significant changes in the environment occurred in the Little Ice Age, the most severe conditions were ~500–260 cal. yr. BP. In the last 210 years, the most significant changes in landscapes have been associated with anthropogenic fires.
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Nikolaeva, A. A., and T. I. Sorokina. "INTEGRATED APPROACH TO THE CREATION OF ECOLOGICAL EXPOSITIONS IN NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC LANDSCAPES." Landscape architecture in the globalization era, no. 2 (2021): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37770/2712-7656-2021-2-54-63.
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Ecological exposition as one of the types of landscape exposition, shows plants of certain ecological groups. As a rule, conditions are created for such plants that simulate their natural habitat. At the same time, changing the existing environmental conditions is resource-intensive, and the result obtained cannot fully repeat the natural conditions due to their multicomponent nature and being confined to a certain climatic zone. It is of interest to use the existing natural and anthropogenic conditions for the arrangement of expositions, without changing them, but using the existing resource. The authors highlight the problem of using the coastal territory along the ponds on the Kamenka River of the Main Botanical Garden named after N.V. Tsitsin of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MBG RAS). The paper defines the potential of the territory for creating ecological expositions along the shoreline of the Kamensky Ponds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, using the existing natural conditions. In the course of research, a comprehensive approach to the analysis of natural conditions and historical facts is applied. For the historical analysis, the method of combining planned materials and decoding aerial photographs was used. To describe the environmental factors, a landscape-visual survey of the territory, a combination of satellite images with modern maps, an inventory of green spaces, soil mapping, and an inventory of green spaces were performed. As a result of the research, 10 zones with different environmental conditions were identified. Since the formation of the MBG RAS in 1945, the study area has been allocated to different expositions and zones (Entrance Group, Garden of Coastal Plants and part of the Garden of Continuous Flowering), which over time have completely or partially lost their relevance or decorativeness.
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Demchenko, N., V. Badanina, O. Futorna, R. Palagecha, and N. Taran. "Decorative qualities of representatives of Magnoliaceae juss, introduced in the O.V. Fomin botanical garden." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Biology 77, no. 1 (2019): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728_2748.2019.77.6-10.
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The purpose of the work was to find out the features of manifestation of the features of the decorative nature of the species of the Magnoliaceae Juss. on the example of plants from the collection of the O.V. Fomin Botanical Garden of the ESC "Institute of Biology and Medicine" on the climatic conditions of the Kiev metropolis. This article provides detailed study the 12 leaf-declining species of the Magnoliaceae. We studied the complex and seasonal decorativeness, estimated decorativeness, determined the total annual indicator of decorativeness, investigated the seasonal rhythm of plant development on the basis of phenological observations. Basic physiological indicators that were taken into account: budding, opening of flower and vegetative buds, leaf formation, flowering and fruiting. All species that were investigated undergo a full cycle of seasonal development: beautifully bloom, develop and form normally developed fruits and seeds in conditions of ex situ of the Botanical Garden. The species are divided into two groups according to the beginning of the growing season: medium (L. chinense (Hemsl.) Sarg., L. tulipifera L., M. stellata (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim., M. tripetala L., M. officinalis Rehder & E.H. Wilson, M. denudata Desr., M. liliiflora Desr., M. kobus DC., M. soulangeana Soul.-Bod., M. salicifolia(Sieb. Et Zuss.) Maxim., M. obovata Thunb.) and late (M. biondii Pamp.); into three groups according to the dates of flowering relative to the seasons of the year: early spring (M. stellata, M. denudata, M. salicifolia, M. kobus), late spring and early summer (L. chinense, L. tulipifera, M. tripetala, M. officinalis, M. liliiflora, M. soulangeana, M. obovata), middle summer (M. biondii). The high decorative of studied species (their total annual decorative rate is 4 points) and their high adoptative ability to changes of environmental conditions are concluded. Thus, there is a necessary to extend the using of magnolias in landscaping of urban landscapes as climate forming plants.
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Inocencio E. Buot, Jr., Marne G. Origenes, Ren Divien R. Obeña, Elaine Loreen C. Villanueva, and Marjorie D. delos Angeles. "Some threatened woody plant species recorded from forests over limestone of the Philippines." Journal of Threatened Taxa 14, no. 11 (November 26, 2022): 22058–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.8119.14.11.22058-22079.
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This study was conducted to determine threatened woody plants in forests over limestone in Samar Natural Park (SINP), Guiuan Marine Resource Protected Landscapes and Seascapes (GMRPLS), and other areas in the Philippines, in order to design a strategic framework for sustainable conservation of threatened species. Combined fieldwork using standard vegetation techniques and comparative literature review were done. Results revealed a total of 196 woody plant species belonging to 48 families, with 60 (DAO 2017-11) and 182 (IUCN) threatened woody plant species in the forests over limestone. The top 10 important species noted include three Critically Endangered: Diospyros longiciliata Merr., Cynometra cebuensis Seidenschwarz, F., and Shorea astylosa Foxw; three Endangered: Cinnamomum cebuense Kosterm., Tectona philippinensis Benth. & Hook.f. and Vitex parviflora Juss.; and four Vulnerable species: Agathis philippinensis Warb., Aquilaria cumingiana (Decne) Ridley, Dipterocarpus gracilis Blume, and Shorea polysperma (Blanco) Merr. A framework for sustainable conservation has been designed to prevent the loss of these threatened botanical treasures.
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Alekseeva, Tetiana. "The objects of Nature Reserve Fund of Poltava oblast as a factor of ecological tourism development." Scientific Herald of Chernivtsi University. Geography, no. 824 (January 30, 2020): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/geo.824.2020.48-54.
Full textAbstract:
The feature of present time is a sharp deterioration of environmental quality, so it is important to form the population with careful attitude to nature. The efficient approach of influence on the people’s consciousness is ecological tourism that is spreading in many countries. Its development in Ukraine is closely connected to environmental areas. That’s why the Nature Reserve Fund for ecological tourism development question is interesting and socially important. At one time, the contribution to the development of ecological tourism was made by domestic and foreign scientists. In this way works of A. S. Kuskov considered the main tasks of ecological tourism and requirements for work. O. Dmytruk defined principles, functions, and integration foundations of ecological tourism. V. V. Khrabovchenko studied the question of origin and development of ecological tourism and analyzed the phenomena of ecological tourism as a factor of stable development. General theoretical and practical aspects of recreational nature management in Ukraine were covered by K. Y. Kilinska, V. M. Rudenko, N. P. Anipko, N. S. Andrusiak, N. I. Konovalova. The foreign scientists B. Dzhons, R. Bakli, H. Lofman developed the conception of ecological tourism. The each region has its own specific conditionals of development of ecological tourism. Among them is the Natural Reserve Fund. The aim of this work is to study the objects of Poltava Regional Natural Reserve Fund as factors of ecological tourism development. The paper used the domestic and foreign geographical sources and methods: descriptive, analytical, synthesis, comparison, deduction, graphic, cartographic and others. Nowadays there are in existence several definitions of the concept ecological tourism. The Ukrainian scientist O. Beidyk thinks ecotourism is a recreational activity which has the least impact on the natural environment. The ecological routes are applied for different purposes: recreational, educational and upbringing, gaining the emotional impressions from communication with nature etc. The Nature Reserve Fund – is a territories and objects which have a special protective, scientific, recreational and other value. They are created for saving the natural diversity, maintaining the general ecological balance and environmental monitoring. Ukraine has 11 categories of nature-reserved objects. All of them differ in potential needed for ecological tourism development. There are 384 objects in Poltava oblast. They make up 4,95% of a the total area of the region. Among them there are 178 partial reserves, 2 national natural parks, 5 regional landscape parks, 137 natural monuments, 2 dendrological parks, 1 botanic garden. The partial reserves are one among the most numerous environmental objects of Poltava oblast. They are created to maintain the ecological balance and to save biological kinds and natural complexes. Botanical, landscape, geological, hydrological, forest partial reserves of Poltava oblast are picturesque areas around coasts of rivers where the plants are well preserved. The environmental legislation still has not provided them for recreational use. Natural monuments are a big category of environmental objects that have protective, scientific, cognitive, cultural, and recreational value. The most promising for tourism developing are complex, botanical, geological and hydrological natural monuments. They can be attracted to make ecological routes, or be used for educational and upbringing purposes. A large value for ecological tourism development has regional landscape parks that are created to save natural complexes and objects to provide the conditions for rest of population. The main functions of regional landscape parks are protective, defense the culture and history memorabilia, recreational and educational. Among of such objects Dykan regional landscape park that saves age-old broadleaf forests. The regional landscapes Kremenchuk Plains park is located within the floodplain and island of Dnipro (Zelenyi and Shalamai) has a lot of opportunities for making of ecologically oriented routes, organizing excursions for pupils and students. Protect tracts are characterized by considerable potential for development of ecological tourism, but the legislative mechanism to use them are still unregulated. The dendrological parks are made to save different kinds of trees and shrubs for the most efficient scientific, cultural, recreational, educational use. So their resources are actively attracted to organization of tourist activity. In this way, the ecological tours are done in the Ustimov dendrological park, where visitors can become familiar with its interesting history and variety of plants. So, environmental territories and objects play a big role for development of ecological tourism in Poltava oblast. The resource of national landscape parks are attracted to the most to recreational activity. The cognitive direction of ecological tourism is the most important for dendrological parks, natural monuments, botanical gardens of Poltava oblast. This gives them special educational and upbringing value. The organization of tourist activities within the protected tracts and environmental areas can still be considered (with some exceptions) as a potential task.
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Ivanova, Teodora, Valentina Ganeva-Raicheva, Yulia Bosseva, and Dessislava Dimitrova. "Singing the nature - еthnobotanical knowledge in Bulgarian folk songs." Botanical Sciences 99, no. 2 (February 14, 2021): 321–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.2672.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Bulgarian poetic folklore reflects an agrarian culture deeply connected with land and nature. However, traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) transmitted through Bulgarian folklore is scarcely assessed.
Questions: What are the dimensions of the TEK related to plant diversity (native and introduced) that appear in Bulgarian folk songs and what is their potential as transmitters of ТЕК?
Data description: The lyrics of 10,113 Bulgarian folk songs were excerpted from major academic collections and a set of unpublished songs.
Study site and dates: Current study covers songs that have been documented since mid-19th century onwards in the present and former Bulgarian territories and in areas that have been inhabited by ethnic Bulgarians abroad.
Methods: Common plant names and descriptions of plants and landscapes were used to detect botanical affiliations of the denoted plants. We focused on frequencies of plant representations and their functions associated with cultural, agricultural and food-processing practices.
Results: A total of 146 plant taxa from 109 genera were mentioned in 47.3 % of the studied songs. Over 60 % of the most frequently mentioned taxa were archaeophytes while neophytes were represented by seven taxa, denoting everyday and spiritual importance of nature.
Conclusions: Bulgarian folk songs presented wide range of nature-related information typically reported for ethnic groups outside Europe. Quantification of TEK preserved in documented poetic folklore and further assessment of performance of nature-rich folklore would allow development additional tools for evaluation of cultural significance of species, landscapes and ecosystems as well as for development of educational and inspirational materials.
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Orlovsky, N. S., L. G. Orlovsky, and I. S. Zonn. "Environment Protection in Israel." Post-Soviet Issues 6, no. 4 (January 24, 2020): 336–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2019-6-4-336-354.
Full textAbstract:
In such country as Israel with its high industrialization and urbanization rates the environment protection is of key importance for preserving the biodiversity of nature. Awareness of the need to protect precious natural resources and landscapes of Israel forced to pass numerous laws on protection of nature and wild animals. These laws provide legal basis for protection of environment, natural resources, wild animals, unique nature features and places being of scientific and educational value in this country.Israel locates at the juncture of three continents combining different climatic and botanical regions which have led to appearance of the unique, by diversity and composition, plant and animal world. In Israel you can find 2800 plant varieties (of which 150 are endemics), 8 species of amphibia, 80 species of reptiles, 450 species of birds and 70 species of mammals. For protection of natural biodiversity there were established 224 nature preserves and 203 and historical heritage deserves special mention.In the recent years the governmental and public organizations have focused on development of the programs on environment management for monitoring and ensuring the required quality of water and air and for processing and utilization of solid wastes.Quite spectacular achievements are observed in reintroduction of predatory and bible species, protection of sea turtles, impoundment of the Hula valley and preservation of migratory birds. The government’s initiatives were welcomed by the public that joined in national parks which cover around 23% of the territory of Israel. The nature preserves and national parks represent the whole range of the natural heritage of Israel: Mediterranean forests, coastal and water landscapes, sand dunes, desert and crater landscapes and oases, while the unique archeological these activities. The environmental education, awareness and activities of the society have increased enormously which is proved by the growing number of nongovernmental environmental organizations — from a few in the 1990s to over one hundred nowadays. The greater attention is paid to collection and publication of environmental data.