Academic literature on the topic 'Boron-containing steel'
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Journal articles on the topic "Boron-containing steel"
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Verma, A., K. Gopinath, and B. Sarkar. "Boron Steel: An Alternative for Costlier Nickel and Molybdenum Alloyed Steel for Transmission Gears." Journal of Engineering Research [TJER] 8, no. 1 (June 1, 2010): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/tjer.vol8iss1pp12-18.
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Case Carburized (CC) low carbon steels containing Ni, Cr and Mo alloying elements are widely used for transmission gears in automobile, as it possesses desired mechanical properties. In order to cut cost and save scarce materials like Ni and Mo for strategic applications, steel alloyed with Boron has been developed, which gives properties comparable to Ni-Cr-Mo alloyed steel. In the process of steel development, care was taken to ensure precipitation of boron which results in precipitation hardening. The characterization of the developed boron steel had exhibited properties comparable to Ni-Cr-Mo alloyed steel and superior to conventional boron steel.
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Wan, Yong, Wei-qing Chen, and Shao-jie Wu. "Effects of Lanthanum and Boron on the Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Non-oriented Electrical Steels." High Temperature Materials and Processes 33, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2013-0039.
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AbstractThe effects of lanthanum and boron on the inclusion size distribution, microstructure, texture and magnetic properties of three non-oriented electrical steels have been studied. After final annealing, lanthanum effectively inhibited the precipitation of MnS precipitates and promoted the growth of grains, an addition of 0.0041 wt.% boron led to the precipitation of Fe2B particles and inhibited grain growth. On the other hand, steel containing 0.0055 wt.% lanthanum had the strongest {100} and {111} fiber texture and the weakest {112}〈110〉 texture among the steels. Compared to steel without lanthanum and boron, steel with 0.0050 wt.% lanthanum and 0.0041 wt.% boron obtained slightly stronger intensities of {100} and {111} fiber texture, and a little weaker intensity of {112}〈110〉 texture. Steel containing 0.0055 wt.% lanthanum achieved the best magnetic properties, whose core loss and magnetic flux density were 4.268 W/kg and 1.768 T, respectively.
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Sidorenko, T. I., V. I. Voznaya, and A. V. Radionov. "Identification of reasons for non-compliance of mechanical properties in boron-containing steel parts." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 1 (March 26, 2021): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2021-1-78-85.
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Fasteners are widely used as machine parts, structures and mechanisms. Medium-carbon alloy steels and boron-containing alloy steels are used as materials in production. Boron-containing steels have a good combination of strength and plastic properties, as well as a high level of hardenability. This article describes the research work carried out in the laboratory, and considers the reasons for obtaining low values of physical and mechanical parameters of parts manufactured at competitive enterprises. The qualitative characteristics of the metal are determined. The results of chemical, physical-mechanical and metallographic tests, as well as the results of the chemical composition of non-metallic inclusions are presented. The reasons for the discrepancy of mechanical properties in boron-containing steels are considered. The dependence of the introduction of chemical elements into steel: nitrogen, titanium, aluminum is determined. The possibility of evaluating the content of “effective boron” at OJSC “BSW” – the Management Company of the Holding “BMC” is described. The mathematical model used at OJSC “Oskol electrometallurgical combine”, which allows to carry out a theoretical calculation of the value of “effective” boron, is described. Recommendations for improving the technological process of smelting boron-containing steels are given.
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Haretski, H. P., N. F. Solovey, S. L. Shenets, A. V. Tereshchenko, S. V. Avdeev, A. I. Pokrovskii, and O. I. Tolkacheva. "Structure and characteristics of boron-containing steels for fasteners." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 1 (April 7, 2020): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2020-1-25-30.
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According to TU 14-1-4486-88 and TU 14-1-5490-2004, in accordance with international standards DIN EN 10263-4, OJSC «BSW – Management Company of the Holding «BMC» produces hot-rolled products of the following grades of steel: 20Г2Р, 30Г1Р, 20MnB4, 30MnB4 and 32CrB4 microalloyed with boron. They are used for the manufacture of fasteners instead of previously used steels 35X, 38X and 40X. The use of boron-containing steels reduces the surface defects of hardware; to increase the stability of the mechanical properties of bolts, screws, studs, strength class 8.8 and 10.9 by GOST 1759.4-87; to achieve a high level of toughness at negative temperatures. It is shown that steel 20Г2Р provides stable mechanical properties of products up to M27 (in contrast to steel grades 35X, which are designed exclusively for bolts of class M16 8.8). The boron-containing steels in the delivery state with the structure of granular perlite have high technological plasticity – in the cold, the bolt head is formed and the thread is rolled without tearing in the thread hollows, as is the case with chromium steels of type 40X. It was found that their ductility increases due to the low content of carbon and chromium, as well as the formation of dispersed carbonitride-boride phases of a globular form.
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Shriwastwa, Bharat B., and Arun Kumar. "Influence of Copper on Redistribution Behaviour of Boron in Titanium Stabilized and Low Carbon Steel as Observed by Neutron Induced Alpha Autoradiography." Advanced Materials Research 794 (September 2013): 502–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.794.502.
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Boron content and its distribution play a significant role in modifying the metallurgical and mechanical properties of many steels and alloy at lower level of concentration. Precipitation of boron at the grain boundaries, have shown to improve the creep strength in titanium stabilized steel, high temperature ductility in low carbon corrosion resistant steel and the hardenability in low carbon steel in general. Titanium-stabilized steel (DIN 1.4970), was developed as a possible material for fast breeder sodium-cooled nuclear reactor core components for its superior creep strength, high micro-structural stability and elevated void swelling resistance. It is well known that, helium produced during neutron irradiation through the 10B(n,α)Li7 reaction, affects the mechanical properties and the amount of void swelling in nuclear reactor materials. Two nos. of Ti-stabilized steel samples with 40ppm boron and 2ppm boron (DIN 1.4970 & DIN1.4970LB steel) were analyzed for boron re-distribution behavior during different thermo-mechanical treatment using a technique known as Neutron Induced Alpha Autoradiography (NIAA). This technique is a well known technique, and widely used for revealing the spatial distribution of boron in the materials with a resolution approaching to ppm level. This technique has also been used to detect the influence of copper addition on boron distribution pattern in steel specimen. Mapping of boron autoradiography of Low carbon steels containing 20ppm of boron with and without copper was able to demonstrate this behavior. Boron track mapping of Low carbon steel without copper, in solution annealing treatment, show the uniform distribution of boron throughout the matrix, whereas when the similar steel with 1.48% copper was mapped, it shows the precipitation of boron at the grain boundaries.
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Ryabov, A. V. "Comparative Characteristics of Free-Machining Steels of Cr-Mo Type." Solid State Phenomena 299 (January 2020): 670–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.299.670.
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The work investigates the properties of lead-free free-machining steel grade A30KhMAR, containing BN inclusions, in comparison with the base Cr-Mo steel 30KhM, lead-bearing AS30KhM, lead-calcium-bearing ASTs30KhM, calcium-bearing ATs30KhM, bismuth-calcium-bearing AVTs30KhM and tin-bearing AО30KhM. Effect of bismuth, calcium, lead, tin and boron nitride inclusions on steel susceptibility to temper brittleness and cold brittleness is studied. Contamination of steels with non-metallic inclusions is estimated. End-quench hardenability curves of the test steel A30KhMAR are obtained. Free-machining Cr-Mo structural steel, containing low-melting elements, has ASTM grain size of the number of 7–8. Hardenability and austenite grain size are satisfactory compared to the base steel 30KhM. Mechanical properties of the test steel in longitudinal direction (ultimate and proof stress, specific elongation, reduction in area, impact toughness, hardness) were also determined. It was found that bismuth, calcium, lead, tin, boron and nitrogen (in the form of boron nitride inclusions) within the studied limits do not have negative effect on mechanical properties of heat-treated ASTs30KhM, ATs30KhM, AVTs30KhM, A30KhMAR and AО30KhM steels, and the values of strength, plasticity and toughness characteristics satisfy the requirements of GOST standards for the base steel 30KhM and lead-bearing steel AS30KhM.
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Babenko, A. A., V. I. Zhuchkov, N. I. Sel’menskikh, and A. G. Upolovnikova. "Structure and properties of 17G1S-U low-carbon pipe steel microalloyed by boron." Izvestiya Visshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Chernaya Metallurgiya = Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 61, no. 10 (November 14, 2018): 774–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2018-10-774-779.
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The results of analysis of the influence of boron microalloying on structure and properties of 17G1S-U pipe steel are given in the paper. Studies of metal structure were performed by electron microscopy and local X-ray spectral analysis. It has been established that metal containing 0.006 % of boron is characterized by an increased volume concentration to 0.029 % of oxide (OS) and oxysulfide (OSB) inclusions, whose content in metal without boron reaches 0.006 %. Separate sulphide inclusions (CB), whose concentration does not exceed 0.004 % against 0.029 % in a metal without boron, containing 0.01 % S is practically absent in the metal with boron containing 0.003 % S. The microalloying of pipe steel by boron has ensured the preferential formation of small nonmetallic inclusions, evenly distributed in the volume of metal. The proportion of nonmetallic inclusions with size less than 2 (rm is 76.1 %, whereas in steel without boron it is only 58.5 %. In this case, large nonmetallic inclusions of more than 10 rm are practically absent in the sample with boron. Their share does not exceed 0.6 %, which is 22 times less than their amount in the sample without boron. The structure of the sample without boron consists mainly of ferrite and a small amount of perlite, and the sample with boron is represented by a dispersed ferritic-bainitic structure. Increasing the microhardness of both ferrite and pearlite 80 and 100 HV10, respectively, is observed by adding boron to steel. The mechanical properties of 10 mm hot rolled metal from boron-containing 17G1S-U pipe steel are characterized by increased strength properties with preservation of plastic characteristics, due to the formation of predominantly small nonmetallic inclusions and a finely dispersed ferritic-bainitic structure. The absolute values of the yield stress and the time resistance of pipe steel containing in mass %: 0.006 B and 0.003 S are achieved without heat treatment at 585 and 685 MPa, respectively, and meet the X80 strength class, while retaining sufficiently high plastic characteristics. The pipe steel without boron containing 0.01 % of S belongs to the X70 strength class and is characterized by tensile strength lowered to 540 and 610 MPa and a temporary resistance, respectively.
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Morsy, Morsy Amin, Sameh M. Khafagy, and Ahmed Ismail Zaky Farahat. "Weldability of Dual Phase Steel Containing Boron." Key Engineering Materials 835 (March 2020): 251–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.835.251.
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Carbon steel containing boron-dual phase was produced by casting and were heated to 1200 °C for hot forging to produce plates of 10 and 6 mm thick. The plates produced were heated to the inter-critical annealing temperature for 15 min. and then water quenched followed by tempering process. The microstructure of the produced steel is ferrite with islands of martensite. Welding was done to the heat treated steel plates (6mm) using SMAW process and applying AWS-E11016 electrode and as a result an over-tempered region in the heat affected zone was formed with a significant reduction of the ultimate tensile strength of the welded joint. Reduction of heat input resulted in an increase in the joint strength. Welding of the hot rolled plates with a subsequent heat treatment resulted in formation of homogenous joint with good mechanical and metallurgical properties. Application of Electron Beam Welding to this dual phase steel resulted in a welded joint with good mechanical properties comparable to that of the base metal. The results were discussed based on microstructure analysis and hardness distribution of the welded joints.
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Babenko, Anatoly A., Natalia I. Selmensky, and Alena G. Upolovnikova. "The study of the microstructure and mechanical properties of low carbon steel, microalloying by boron." Butlerov Communications 57, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-57-1-143.
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The paper presents the results of the study of non-metallic inclusions, the structure and mechanical properties of low carbon steel, microalloying by boron. The study of the amount and composition of nonmetallic inclusions showed that with the introduction of boron the volume fraction of oxide and oxysulfide inclusions increases and the volume fraction of sulfide inclusions significantly decreases. At the same time, the alloying of steel with boron increases to 99.7% the proportion of inclusions with a size of no more than 5 microns against 80.6% in the metal without boron. In the metal with boron, nonmetallic inclusions larger than 10 μm are absent, while in the metal without boron their share is 13.6%. Studies have shown that in a metal containing 0.011% boron, independent boron-containing inclusions were not detected. Boron was not detected in the composition of the studied nonmetallic inclusions. In all samples, steel nonmetallic inclusions are represented mainly by oxide, oxysulfide and sulfide inclusions. In the boron-free steel, a small amount of perlite is present along with the ferritic phase. Steel microalloying by boron is accompanied by the formation of a dispersed ferrite-bainite structure, which consists of fine-grained ferrite with bainite sites with a tendency to form bainite strips along the rolling direction. The microhardness of ferrite and perlite in steel without boron does not exceed an average of 180 and 214 HV10, respectively. It is noted that the presence of boron in steel in an amount of 0.011% increases the microhardness of ferrite to 260 HV10 and bainite to 335 HV10. The mechanical properties of hot-rolled steel with a thickness of 10 mm from boron-containing low-alloyed steel, due to the predominant formation of small rounded inclusions with a size of no more than 5 microns and the formation of a fine ferrite-bainite structure, are characterized by enhanced strength properties with preservation of plastic characteristics. The absolute values of the yield strength and temporary resistance of steel with boron reach 575 and 650 MPa, respectively. With such strength properties of metal, high plastic characteristics are preserved. Rolled steel without boron is characterized by reduced to 540 and 610 MPa tensile strength and temporary resistance, respectively.
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Adrian, Henryk, Marta Pelczar, Anna Adrian, and Joanna Augustyn-Pieniążek. "The Effect of B and Microalloying Elements (V, Ti, Nb) Additions on the Austenite Grain Growth of Low Alloy Steel." Solid State Phenomena 197 (February 2013): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.197.25.
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The effect of B and microalloying additions of V, V+Ti, V+Nb on austenite grain growth of low alloy steel containing 0.3% C, 1 % Cr and 0.2 % Mo was investigated. As a measure of austenite grain size the mean chord length of austenite grains was assumed. The boron content in investigated steel was in the range of 0 to 0.008 %. The investigations were carried out in austenitising temperature range of 850 to 1100oC. Using the thermodynamic model the contents of undissolved compounds of carbonitride V(C,N) and boron nitride BN were calculated and the effect of undissolved compounds content on austenite grain size was investigated. Obtained results showed, that vanadium content below 0.1 % was ineffective as austenite grain growth inhibitor of boron containing steel and austenite grain size of steel was higher compare to non-alloyed steel. The most effective for decreasing of austenite grains size of boron containing steel was addition of 0.18 % V + 0.03 % Nb
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Boron-containing steel"
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Wrigley, Nigel Stuart. "The fracture characteristics of a boron containing high strength low alloy steel." Thesis, University of Salford, 1994. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/43037/.
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This study is concerned with the fracture characteristics of RQT 701; a possible contender for the replacement of HY 100, the existing 690MNm-2 (100,000psi) strength level Naval quality steel. RQT 701 is a low nickel, boron containing quenched and tempered steel which is less expensive than HY 100 due to a lower nickel content. The hardenability is maintained by the boron addition. The preliminary testing of RQT 701 showed a variation in the impact transition temperature through the thickness of the plate. This study examines the possible causes of this variation in impact properties and makes a full assessment of the mechanical properties of RQT 701. A full metallographic investigation has been carried out using quantitative metallography, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The effect of heat treatment on the steel's hardenability and mechanical properties has been studied so that suggestions to produce optimum properties of RQT 701 could be made. A full fractographic study has also been undertaken. The relationship between fracture characteristics, microstructure and hardenability has been discussed. A parallel investigation of HY 100 plate has been carried out. A comparison between the microstructures and fracture properties has been made and the relative merits of the two steels discussed.
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Fan, Yu-Chi, and 范育祺. "Liquid Phase Sintering of Boron-containing Powder Metal Steel." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93ksq9.
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碩士國立虎尾科技大學
材料科學與綠色能源工程研究所
102
Powder metallurgy (PM) steels are widely applied in the automobile parts due to their versatile near net-shaped processes. The production of PM steels can reduce the additional machining and the cost. However, PM steels consist of about 10 vol% porosity, which result in the inferior strength and toughness. The aim of this study was to investigate the influences of different alloying elements on the liquid phase sintering and interactions between various elements in the boron-alloyed PM steels. The results showed that the addition of carbon can induce the formation of secondary liquid phase and thus improve the densification, irrespective of the alloying systems. To understand the distribution of alloying elements in the steels, EPMA was used to identify the alloying distributions. The findings showed that Cr, Mo, and B concentrate on the region of boride. The compositions of the boride in various systems were also examined. Moreover, the temperature for liquid formation and the effects of alloying elements on the liquid formation were also studied by DSC analyses.
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Lin, Zih-Jie, and 林子傑. "Liquid phase sintering, mechanical property, and corrosion behavior of boron-containing powder metallurgy 304L stainless steel." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k343nc.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
材料科學與工程研究所
105
Liquid phase sintering (LPS) is an effective and economical way to improve the density of powder metallurgy (PM) products, and the most used element in Fe-based material for LPS is boron. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of B content (0 wt%, 0.3 wt%, and 0.6 wt%) and sintering temperatures (1250 ℃, 1275 ℃, and 1300 ℃) on the LPS, mechanical properties, and corrosion behaviors of PM 304L stainless steel (Fe-18.45Cr-11.04Ni). The results show that adding 0.6wt% B to 304L can effectively promote LPS. The results about thermal analysis indicated that the liquid is generated between 1245 ℃ and 1277 ℃ during sintering. The microstructure consists of a large amount of eutectic constituent (austenite and M2B boride). The presence of 0.6 wt% B in 304L can significantly increase the sintered density after 1300 ℃ from 6.99 g/cm3 to 7.69 g/cm3 , and the porosity is decreased from 13 vol% to 4 vol%. Due to the obvious densification effect, adding 0.6 wt% B improves from 324 MPa to 499 MPa. The elongation is as high as 16 %~17 %. Moreover, 0.6wt% B increase the corrosion potential from -0.358 V to-0.155 V, and decrease the corrosion current density from 3.80×10-6 A/cm2 to 6.16×10-8 A/cm2. The previous results indicate the B addition can improve the sintered density, mechanical properties, and corrosion performance. To compare the difference in the LPS of B-containing stainless steel and B-containing alloy steel, the LPS behavior of Fe-0.5Mo-0.4B-0.5C-4Ni alloy steel was also discussed. The results indicate that the presence of Cr and C result in the discrepancies in the LPS of the previous two systems. Adding Cr can increase the liquid generation temperature, and the sintering temperature must be increased for LPS. Furthermore, the participation of 0.5wt% C addition in the liquid reaction of Fe-0.5Mo-0.4B-0.5C-4Ni alloy steel can change the boride phase from M2B to M3(B,C). Moreover, adding C to alloy steel promotes the two-stage liquid generation.
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Tsai, Yu-Jin, and 蔡育晉. "Effects of Carbon Addition on Liquid Phase Sintering, Mechanical Properties, and Corrosion Behavior of Boron-containing Powder Metallurgy 410L Stainless Steel." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65ehre.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
材料科學與工程研究所
106
Liquid phase sintering (LPS) is an economical technique to promote densification of powder metallurgy material. Boron is the best element for liquid phase sintering of iron-based material. In this study, the effects of the boron and carbon elements, sintering temperature (1200℃、1225℃、1250℃、1275℃、1300℃), and sintering atmosphere (vacuum and hydrogen) on the LPS, mechanical performance, and corrosion properties of 410L+0.6 wt% B (ferrite) and 410L + 0.6wt% B + 0.13 wt% C (martensite) stainless steels were investigated. The results of thermal analysis indicate that the liquid phase is generated at 1219℃~1242℃ and 1217℃~1242℃ for the 410L+0.6B and 410L+0.6B+0.13C steels, respectively. Therefore, the densities of 410L+0.6B steel sintered at 1250℃ in vacuum, 410L+0.6B+0.13C steel sintered at 1250℃ in vacuum, and 410L+0.6B steel sintered at 1250℃ in H2 are increased by 1.07 g/cm3, 1.11 g/cm3 and 1.18 g/cm3, respectively. About the microstructure, the 410L+0.6B steel sintered at 1250℃ in H2 is ferrite, and that of the 410L+0.6B+0.13C steel sintered at 1250℃ in vacuum is transformed from ferrite to martensite. The matrix is BCC structure, and the eutectic boride is (Fe,Cr)2B structure, as identified by EPMA and EBSD. About corrosion behavior, the results show that the corrosion resistance could be increased by improving the densification. The 410L+0.6B steel sintered in H2 exhibits the best corrosion performance due to its optimal densification. The corrosion potential is -0.24 V, and the corrosion current density is 4.34×10-8 A/cm2. However, when the graphite was added to the system, the matrix transforms from ferrite to martensite, resulting in the degradation of corrosion resistance. About the mechanical properties, the ultimate tensile strength is increased from 355 MPa to 420 MPa by adding boron into 410L stainless steel. The elongation is decreased from 20.9 % to 10.4 %, and the impact energy is impaired from 151 J to 21 J due to the eutectic boride. Besides, the ultimate tensile strength can reach 843 MPa by adding graphite to 410L+0.6B system, but the ductility and toughness are 2.7 % and 6 J, respectively.
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Cai, Wen-Zhang, and 蔡文章. "The influences of Ni content on the liquid phase sintering and microstructure of boron-containing powder metallurgy steels." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/t9pbn5.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
材料科學與工程研究所
104
Powder metallurgy (PM) steels have been widely utilized in the structural material. To further increase their mechanical properties, liquid phase sintering, which does not much increase the production cost, is a feasible way to promote densification of the PM steels. However, every alloying element in the PM steel can affect the mechanism of liquid formation and its microstructure. Therefore, the role of the various alloying element should be clearly identified. The main objective of this research was to examine the influences of nickel content (0, 1.8, 4 wt%) and adding ways (elemental powder system and prealloy system) on liquid phase sintering of boron-containing PM steel (Fe-0.5Mo-0.4B-0.5C). The result showed that the microstructure after liquid phase sintering contained continuous boride at the grain boundary. According to the electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) results, it can be found that the boride phase at the grain boundary is M2B structure after 1200°C sintering. Moreover, after 1250°C sintering for one hour, carbon atoms in the original graphite powder gradually diffused into the eutectic liquid and change the boride phase after sintering. The M2B structure in the steel sintered at 1200°C were replaced by an M3(B,C) borocarbide in the steel sintered at 1250°C for one hour. The results of thermal analysis and density demonstrate that nickel can lower the temperature for liquid formation and thus increase the sintered density. The increase in the sintered density of Fe-0.5Mo-0.4B-0.5C steel after sintering at 1250°C for one hour is 0.52 g/cm3. When the 4 wt% Ni additive is added into the Fe-0.5Mo-0.4B-0.5C steel, the increases in the sintered densities after sintering at 1250°C for one hour are 0.63 g/cm3and 0.65 g/cm3, for the prealloy system and elemental powder system, respectively. These findings show that increasing the nickel content in the boron-containing PM steels is beneficial for the liquid phase sintering and sintered density.
Books on the topic "Boron-containing steel"
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Wrigley, Nigel Stuart. The fracture characteristics of a boron containing high strength low alloy steel. Salford: University ofSalford, 1994.
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Werner, Dietrich H. Bor- und borlegierte Stähl =: Boron and boron containing steels. Düsseldorf: Stahleisen, 1990.
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Werner, Dietrich H. Boron and Boron Containing Steels. 2nd ed. Woodhead Publishing, 1995.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Boron-containing steel"
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Ruan, Shipeng, Aimin Zhao, Lijun Wang, Guangjie Han, and Peng Zhang. "Effect of Controlled Rolling and Cooling on Microstructure and Properties of Cold Heading Steel Containing Boron and Titanium." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 361–66. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0107-0_34.
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Borsyakov, A. S., V. A. Yuryev, V. V. Ozyerelyev, and E. V. Levchenko. "Mathematical Modeling of the Kinetics of Counter Diffusion During the Formation of Boron-Containing Coatings on Steels." In Theory and Simulation in Physics for Materials Applications, 275–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37790-8_14.
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Mejía, I., and J. M. Cabrera. "Advanced Ultra-High Strength Steel (A-UHSS): Boron-Containing." In Encyclopedia of Iron, Steel, and Their Alloys, 100–106. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/e-eisa-120049790.
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Bagliuk, G. "Properties and Structure of Sintered Boron Containing Carbon Steels." In Sintering - Methods and Products. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/34267.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Boron-containing steel"
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Takai, Toshihide, Tomohiro Furukawa, and Hidemasa Yamano. "Study on Eutectic Melting Behavior of Control Rod Materials in Core Disruptive Accidents of Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactors: Thermophysical Properties of Eutectic Mixture Containing of High Concentration Boron in a Solid State." In 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering collocated with the ASME 2020 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone2020-16091.
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Abstract In a core disruptive accident scenario, boron carbide, which is used as control rod material, may melt below the melting temperature of stainless steel due to the eutectic reaction with it. Produced eutectic mixture is assumed to relocate widely in the degraded core, and this behavior plays an important role to reduce the neutronic reactivity of the degraded core materials significantly. However, these behaviors have never been simulated in the severe accident computer codes, and reducing the uncertainty is important for reasonable assessment. To contribute improvement of the core disruptive accident analysis code to handle these eutectic melting and relocation behavior, authors had been carried out the evaluation of the thermophysical properties of stainless steel containing boron carbide, which needed as a basic data for cord improvement. Since the solubility range of boron against iron is expected to be wide, the crystalline phase of eutectic mixture may change according to boron concentration in the eutectic mixture. And this may affect the thermophysical properties themselves. In this work, the density and specific heat of stainless steel containing 17 mass% boron carbide in a solid state are obtained and compared with these of stainless steel containing 0 and 5 mass% boron carbide. By adding 17 mass boron carbide to stainless steel type 316L, the density decreased approximately 24% and the specific heat increased approximately 25% at 293 K. The density of stainless steel containing boron carbide tended to decrease almost linearly depending on the amount of boron carbide added, none the less for difference of crystalline phase. On the other hand, increasing trend of the specific heat of stainless steel containing 17 mass% boron carbide accompanying elevating temperature showed different behavior from that of stainless steel containing 0 and 5 mass% boron carbide. This difference in the trend of the specific heat was considered to be caused the difference in the crystalline phase.
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Rajasekaran, B., G. Mauer, R. Vaßen, A. Röttger, S. Weber, and W. Theisen. "HVOF Spraying of Ultrahigh Boron-High Carbon Tool Steel Coating for Wear Resistance Applications." In ITSC2010, edited by B. R. Marple, A. Agarwal, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, C. J. Li, R. S. Lima, and G. Montavon. DVS Media GmbH, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2010p0096.
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Abstract The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying of tool steel coating containing high boron and high carbon. A full factorial experimental design was established to investigate the influence of process parameters on the coating formation. The microstructural investigations revealed that the tool steel containing ultrahigh boron and high carbon can be coated using HVOF. The coating microstructure does not seem to be conventional lamellar structure and consists of high density micro-cracks. However, the coating features superior hardness of about 980 HV and shows the potential for wear resistance applications.
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Hanna, M. David, Paul E. Krajewsk, and James G. Schroth. "Tribological Testing of Graphite and Boron Nitride Lubricant Formulations for High Temperature Aluminum Sheet Forming Processes." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44043.
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The tribological behavior of AA5083 aluminum sheet sliding against tool steel impacts the quality of components manufactured with the elevated temperature metal forming processes such as Quick Plastic Forming (QPF), Superplastic Forming (SPF), or warm forming. This study focuses on the tribological performance and evaluation of alternative solid lubricants using a flat-on-flat tribo-tester to simulate sheet forming at high temperature applications. Improved lubricant formulations containing boron nitride with graphite additions were found to enhance lubricity while maintaining good adherence to the surface of the aluminum blank at a temperature of 450°C.
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Sato, Masatoshi, Masanori Kanno, Kiyotomo Nakata, Hidenori Takahashi, and Hiroshi Sakamoto. "The Study on the Applicability of Laser Surface Modification Technology to Irradiated Stainless Steel." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48312.
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Recently, occurrence of stress corrosion cracking has been reported at core shrouds in Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) nuclear power plants. Yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) laser surface modification technologies (i.e. Laser Surface Melting Technology (LSM), Laser Cladding Technology (LC)) have been developed as promising preventive maintenance technologies to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of austenitic stainless steel structures and components. On the other hand, it has been also well-known that the helium transmuted from nickel and boron is accumulated to neutron irradiated stainless steel, and that helium related cracks may occur at weld heat affected zone which were attributed to nucleation along grain boundaries, coalescence and growth of helium bubbles due to thermal cycle and thermal stress during welding. Then, the laser surface modification technologies to the irradiated stainless steels was developed and the applicability of these technologies was evaluated based on the results of various tests (e.g. dye-penetrant test, micro structure observation and bending test) to the laser surface modified Type 304 and Type 316L specimens containing up to about 10 appm helium. The laser surface modification applicability diagram was developed as a function of weld heat input and helium concentration, which was supported by numerical simulation on helium bubble formation and growth during welding for irradiated stainless steels.
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Steinbrück, Martin. "Influence of Boron Carbide on Core Degradation During Severe Accidents in LWRs." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-54026.
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Boron carbide (B4C) is widely used as neutron absorbing control rod material in light water reactors (LWRs). It was also applied in all units of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant. Although the melting temperature of B4C is 2450 °C, it initiates local, but significant melt formation in the core at temperatures around 1250 °C due to eutectic interactions with the surrounding steel structures. The B4C containing melt relocates and hence transports material and energy to lower parts of the fuel bundle. It is chemically aggressive and may attack other structure materials. Furthermore, the absorber melt is oxidized by steam very rapidly and thus contributes to the hydrogen source term in the early phase of a severe accident. After failure of the control rod cladding B4C reacts with the oxidizing atmosphere. This reaction produces CO, CO2, boron oxide and boric acids, as well as significant amount of hydrogen. It is strongly exothermic, thus causing considerable release of energy. No or only insignificant formation of methane was observed in all experiments with boron carbide. The paper will summarize the current knowledge on boron carbide behavior during severe accidents, and will try, also in the light of the Fukushima accidents, to draw some common conclusions on the behavior of B4C during severe accidents with the main focus on the consequences for core degradation and hydrogen source term.
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Kovalenko, V. S., V. P. Dyatel, A. N. Lutay, M. D. Egorov, and A. E. Mazek. "Wearresistant laser cladding with boron containing powder steels." In ICALEO® ‘93: Proceedings of the Laser Materials Processing Conference. Laser Institute of America, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5058650.
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Rajan, Viadyanath, and Dennis Hartman. "Metal-Cored Welding GMAW Consumables Development for Girth Welding of X-100 Pipe." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10358.
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Metal-cored wire electrodes with different compositions were used to make girth weld joints at a heat input of 0.7–0.8 kJ/mm. Design of experiments methodology was used to create a response surface primarily in carbon (C), manganese (Mn) and nickel (Ni) space in steel containing molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), and boron (B) additions. This allowed the modeling of all-weld-metal yield strength, tensile strength and Charpy impact toughness as a function of weld metal composition. Results indicated that weld metal yield and tensile strengths have a linear dependence on the %C, %Mn and %Ni content of the weld. The Charpy impact toughness behavior at −20° C was more complex, initially showing a dependence on %C and %Ni in small scale trials, and subsequently showing a dependence on the %oxygen (O) and %Mn content in full scale production trials. These results can be combined for graphical optimization of the response surface to identify regions in weld metal composition that contain the desired weld metal yield, tensile and Charpy impact toughness for design of metal-cored wire electrodes for the welding of X-100 pipe. These results and their implications for design of girth welds in X-100 pipe are presented in this study.
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Farmer, J. C., J. J. Haslam, S. D. Day, T. Lian, R. Rebak, N. Yang, and L. Aprigliano. "Corrosion Resistance of Iron-Based Amorphous Metal Coatings." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93835.
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New amorphous-metal thermal-spray coatings have been developed recently that may provide a viable coating option for spent nuclear fuel & high-level waste repositories [Pang et al. 2002; Shinimiya et al. 2005; Ponnambalam et al. 2004; Branagan et al. 2000–2004]. Some Fe-based amorphous-metal formulations have been found to have corrosion resistance comparable to that of high-performance alloys such as Ni-based Alloy C-22 [Farmer et al. 2004–2006]. These materials rely on Cr, Mo and W for enhanced corrosion resistance, while B is added to promote glass formation and Y is added to lower the critical cooling rate (CCR). Materials discussed in this paper include yttrium-containing SAM1651 with CCR ∼ 80 K/s and yttrium-free Formula 2C with CCR ∼ 600 K/s. While nickel-based Alloy C-22 and Type 316L stainless steel lose their resistance to corrosion during thermal spraying, Fe-based SAM1651 and Formula 2C amorphous-metal coatings can be applied with thermal spray processes without any significant loss of corrosion resistance. In the future, such corrosion-resistant thermal-spray coatings may enable the development of less expensive containers for spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and high-level waste (HLW), including enhanced multipurpose containers (MPCs), protected closure welds, and shields to protect containers from drips and falling rocks. These materials are extremely hard and provide enhanced resistance to abrasion and gouges from backfill operations. For example, Type 316L stainless steel has a hardness of approximately 150 VHN, Alloy C-22 has a hardness of approximately 250 VHN, while the Fe-based amorphous metals typically have hardness values of 1100–1300 VHN. Both Formula 2C and SAM1651 have high boron content which allow them to absorb neutrons, and therefore be used for enhanced criticality control. Cost savings can also be realized through the substitution of Fe-based alloy for Ni-based materials. Applications are also envisioned in oil & gas industry.
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Fix, David V., John C. Estill, Lana L. Wong, and Rau´l B. Rebak. "General and Localized Corrosion of Austenitic and Borated Stainless Steels in Simulated Concentrated Ground Waters." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2792.
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Boron containing stainless steels are used in the nuclear industry for applications such as spent fuel storage, control rods and shielding. It was of interest to compare the corrosion resistance of three borated stainless steels with standard austenitic alloy materials such as type 304 and 316 stainless steels. Tests were conducted in three simulated concentrated ground waters at 90°C. Results show that the borated stainless were less resistant to corrosion than the witness austenitic materials. An acidic concentrated ground water was more aggressive than an alkaline concentrated ground water.
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Mannarsamy, Ramakrishnan, S. K. Shrivastava, Piyush Thakor, Gautam Chauhan, S. K. Joshi, and Ram Korada. "Establishment of Cold Wire Addition Technology® in Multiwire Submerged Arc Welding for Line Pipe Manufacturing to Improve the Weldment Quality." In ASME 2015 India International Oil and Gas Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iogpc2015-7957.
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For achieving high productivity multiple wire submerged arc welding such as tandem wire, three wires and five wires submerged arc welding was introduced in recent past years. Due to adding of additional wires in a pipe mill faced process difficulties such as controlling the current supply to each wire and further challenges for consumable design in order to give effective slag characteristics and bead shape control at these higher welding speeds and heat inputs. To gain maximum productivity, welding speed must be as fast as possible (in excess of 2 m/min) consistent with reliable high speed wire feeding and the characteristics of the SAW flux considering these factors in determining the balance of heat input, penetration, bead shape, dilution, weld metal chemistry and mechanical properties such as toughness. Steels containing high strength low alloying elements like Manganese, Molybdenum, Titanium and boron have favorable physical properties such as higher subzero toughness, resistance to improve the mechanical properties because of which there is substantial saving in the material. High strength low alloy steels materials are utilized in offshore and onshore at critical services. However, such benefits can be exploited provided these steels can be welded with appropriate development of welding process such as cold wire addition® in multi wires with process controller using WINCC programmer, Z5 version to give better weldments, which will not compromise the integrity, and operating condition. To obtain higher productivity and quality, it is necessary to develop a welding procedure for butt joint of line pipe steels. This paper describes the recent work carried out by Welspun, in this regard to establish the welding procedure using GMAW and submerged arc welding process and evaluation of mechanical properties. Macro and micro structural analysis were also made to characterize the weld metal properties.