Academic literature on the topic 'Born Global Approach'
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Journal articles on the topic "Born Global Approach"
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Oniha, Kelly. "Success Indicators Influencing Choice Between Born Global and Born Regional Approach." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 816–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38908.
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Abstract: This paper explores the differences between born global firms and born regional firms. It compares performance between born regional firms and born global firms within the same industry. This paper would investigate three independent variables which are: firm performance, firm size, and model on a company’s strategy. I argue that despite key success indicators being almost similar in both born global firms and born regional firms, there exist some unique commonality in born global firms that are not evident in born regional firms, and vise-versa. This uniqueness motivates them to internationalize quicker than born regional firms. This paper would contribute to IB research by explaining the motivations behind behaviors of international venture firms Keywords: Born global firms, Born regional firms, international venture firms, Internationalization, resource based theory, stakeholder theory, shareholder theory
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Poole, Robert. "Global Mindset: An Entrepreneur's Perspective on the Born-Global Approach." Technology Innovation Management Review 2, no. 10 (October 17, 2012): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22215/timreview/617.
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Poole, Robert. "Global Mindset: An Entrepreneur's Perspective on the Born-Global Approach." Technology Innovation Management Review 2, no. 10 (October 17, 2012): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22215/timreview617.
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Zalan, Tatiana. "Born global on blockchain." Review of International Business and Strategy 28, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ribs-08-2017-0069.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to alert international business (IB) and international entrepreneurship (IE) researchers of a new phenomenon and novel research opportunities arising as a result of digital innovations brought about by the new, decentralized internet popularly known as “blockchain”. The paper contains a general overview of the blockchain technology and maps connections with the IB/IE literature, focusing on explaining accelerated internationalization of firms that are born global on blockchain. Design/methodology/approach The paper is a viewpoint based on the author’s ongoing research on blockchain and fintech and reflections on the born global literature. The paper has benefited from the author’s insights through her involvement in the global blockchain community as an investor and advisor. Findings The author argues for establishing a theoretical link between the born global literature and the literature on the economics of information goods and platform economics to explain the pace of international growth in the context of blockchain start-ups. Research limitations/implications The author urges IB/IE researchers to pay attention to research opportunities in the blockchain area, especially those related to explaining rapid internationalization of digital start-ups and a new organizational form for organizing cross-border activities known as decentralized autonomous organization. Originality/value Three factors are shown to contribute to a rapid internationalization of blockchain start-ups: network effects, solving the chicken-and-egg problem and building an ecosystem around the evolving technology.
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Andersson, Svante, Natasha Evers, and Gabriela Gliga. "Entrepreneurial marketing and born global internationalisation in China." Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal 21, no. 2 (April 9, 2018): 202–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qmr-11-2016-0115.
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Purpose This study aims to explore the entrepreneurial marketing (EM) behaviour of Swedish born globals entering the Chinese market through their international networks. Drawing from the network theory of small firm internationalisation, this study is positioned in the domain of EM, and thus captures the relevance of EM behaviour to explain how born globals internationalise through their networks. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative case study approach of two Swedish born global companies active in the Chinese market is used. The network theory helps analyse the data in the three phases of firm internationalisation processes. Findings The study shows the importance of networks for the enactment of EM for born globals. The study traces the evolution of network development in the market entry process of born globals and highlights the importance of aligning network leverage with contextual factors for market performance. Research limitations/implications The generalisation of the findings is limited due to the exploratory nature of the study and the size of the research sample. Practical implications Management of different types of networks is essential in the entry process and further growth of born globals in the Chinese market. In addition, born globals operating in psychically distant and complex institutionally contexts can especially gain support from intermediary networks. Originality/value This study extends knowledge of international entrepreneurship by demonstrating that born global managers can enact EM behaviour by leveraging networks to gain rapid entry into the Chinese market. It further highlights the role of firms’ networks in the EM activities in their internationalisation. The conceptual underpinnings of EM and network theory provide greater understanding of how born globals enter and grow their psychically distant markets.
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Chetty, Sylvie, and Colin Campbell-Hunt. "A Strategic Approach to Internationalization: A Traditional versus a “Born-Global” Approach." Journal of International Marketing 12, no. 1 (March 2004): 57–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jimk.12.1.57.25651.
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Gerschewski, Stephan, Valerie J. Lindsay, and Elizabeth Rose. "Advancing the entrepreneurial orientation construct: the role of passion and perseverance." Review of International Business and Strategy 26, no. 4 (November 7, 2016): 446–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ribs-08-2016-0042.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how entrepreneurial orientation (EO) is manifested in the context of born global firms. Specifically, the authors investigate the extent to which the EO dimensions of the influential Miller/Covin & Slevin scale are demonstrated in born globals. In addition, following calls in the literature, some as-yet unrecognised dimensions of EO in born globals are examined. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a qualitative research approach by conducting semi-structured, in-depth interviews with eight born global firms from New Zealand and Australia. Findings The authors find that the EO dimensions of proactiveness and innovativeness are strongly prevalent in these firms. In contrast to the extant literature, the results also indicate that these born global firms generally display a relatively low level of risk-taking. The authors find strong empirical support for two additional emerging dimensions of EO: passion and perseverance. Originality/value The study provides two key contributions to the area of international entrepreneurship by investigating how EO is prevalent in the context of born globals and by proposing the new dimensions of passion and perseverance.
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BRÄNNBACK, MALIN, ALAN CARSRUD, and MAIJA RENKO. "EXPLORING THE BORN GLOBAL CONCEPT IN THE BIOTECHNOLOGY CONTEXT." Journal of Enterprising Culture 15, no. 01 (March 2007): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495807000058.
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Purpose: The purpose of this research paper is to explore what constitutes being "born global." We approach the born global phenomenon by applying ideas presented in existing international entrepreneurship, business, and marketing literatures. In addition, the paper illustrates how market orientation is a relevant construct for understanding the existence of born global firms. Market orientation is contrasted with science driven strategies in young, technology based firms and in both domains. In markets as well as in science, both global and local forces influence the behavior of new biotechnology based companies. Methodology: This paper uses mixed methods including interviews and multiple industry cluster surveys. Qualitative data is analyzed by categorizing and combining data (thematic interviews). Numeric (quantitative) survey data is summarized by using non-parametric statistics. Findings: Young ventures in a global biotechnology based industry simultaneously face forces that drive them towards localization and other forces that require a more global approach. Even though both the markets of biotechnology products as well as the science base are increasingly global, this paper suggests that true born globals must do more than passively adapt to this global scene. Born global firms should pursue active, market oriented strategies in their internationalization. Since our sample firms typically perceive international market orientation as less valuable that international scientific reputation, we conclude that they do not always fulfill the "born global" criteria.
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Lin, Song, and Steven Si. "The influence of exploration and exploitation on born globals’ speed of internationalization." Management Decision 57, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 193–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-08-2017-0735.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate exploration and exploitation as antecedents to speed of internationalization in born global firms. Design/methodology/approach By using 150 born global firms in China, the authors demonstrate that the influence of exploration and exploitation on born globals’ speed of internationalization. The statistical method in this study is hierarchical regression model. Findings The results revealed that exploration has a negative effect on the internationalization of born global firms, whereas exploration does not. The interaction between exploration and exploitation has positive influence on born globals’ speed of internationalization. Practical implications The study helps entrepreneurs and managers to better understand how to achieve international entrepreneurship success and internationalization success. Originality/value This study makes a theoretical development of internationalization speed, a core aspect of international entrepreneurship theory. First, this study contributes to theories on born globals’ speed of internationalization, which the authors redefined in the current study by using two approaches to measure the speed of internationalization of born global firms. Second, the study used exploration and exploitation as the two designated factors that are supposed to affect the speed of internationalization of born globals which contributes to the theoretical literature of international opportunity.
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Luong Buu, Hoang Anh, and Michael Wei Zhang. "Small Firms’ Internationalization Process: A Gradual or Born-Global Approach?" Academy of Management Proceedings 2014, no. 1 (January 2014): 13017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2014.13017abstract.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Born Global Approach"
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Engström, Emma, and Anna Levin. "Going International : A Born Global Approach." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1315.
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How is competition affected when market boundaries appears none-existing? Our way of communicating and interact has changed the business landscape and created one, international market accessible to all companies striving for competitive advantage (McDougall et al., 2000). Internationalization is the name of the process where firms cross national boundaries and take part of this international market. There are several theories describing this phenomenon, however one of the first models presented was one by the Swedish researchers Johanson and Vahlne in 1977. The Internationalization Process model, also known as the IP model, explains the internationalization of firms as an incremental process of international involvement where knowledge about foreign markets and market commitment affect the way a company proceed internationally.
Today’s business landscape has introduced a new kind of companies, a product of our connected world; born global firms are increasing in numbers and described as small, often high technological firms aiming for the international market right after establishing. As the authors of this master thesis we found it interesting that a model such as the internationalization model is still used, discussed and referred to. How can a model deriving from the 1970´s still have such importance in today’s changed world? Is it even applicable for this new business arena that the born global firms constitute?
Our research question has been as follows;
How does Johanson and Vahlne’s internationalization process model work in practice for born global firms?
The way we have analysed our findings is according to our purpose of the study; to define a born global company according to existing theories, examine its relation to the internationalization process model and create a more dynamic version of Johanson and Vahlne’s model.
The research process has been carried out as a qualitative study where we have made a deep study of a small, high technological company in Umeå called Seaflex. We have also included an interview with the Swedish Trade Council to support and broaden our empirical findings. Since our aim is to draw conclusions about an existing theory, we have undertaken a deductive approach in our research.
After conducting our research we have in our analysis defined Seaflex as a born global company, examined its relation to internationalization and then, in specific to Johanson & Vahlne’s internationalization process model. Finally in our conclusions we present a new internationalization process model focused on born global firms. Our findings are that when born global firms go international, the knowledge needed can be mainly obtained through the development of relationships with partners and new opportunities are discovered through the deliberate use of networks.
Due to the fact that our research involves solely one company, we are aware of its limited generalization. Therefore, our main suggestion for further research is to examine our suggested model however with a much broader perspective taking several born global firms perspectives into account.
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Tjosevik, Ragnhild, and Birgitte Refsland. "Factors influencing International Entry Strategies : A Born Global approach." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-20955.
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This study considers small Norwegian high-technology firms, with characteristics similar to those of Born Global firms. These types of firms have received an increasing amount of attention in research the last decade, but the specific field of how different factors affect their international entry strategies is scattered. With a basis of a multiple-case study, this thesis contributes with an assessment of how founder-, market- and product characteristics influence the international entry strategies. The dimensions of the strategies that we have considered are market selection dimensions, entry mode and pace of internationalization. This study finds that the founder teams are the most influential factor on the international entry strategies as they take the product and the market into consideration and set the path for the strategies. The market and product are important underlying factors for the strategies. The product is especially important for the choice of entry mode, while the market is highly influential on the pace of internationalization and for which markets the firms choose to target. The firms’ rapid pace of internationalization is enabled by all the factors identified, with founder experience as the most prominent factor. Industry specific experience that the founder team brings with them from earlier work places is especially prominent and crucial for the fast pace of internationalization seen in this study. The dimensions of market selection have fewer affects from the identified factors, but the market in itself does influence the specific choice of which markets and segments to target. Implications of this study are that it is important to continuously attain market knowledge and adapt to market changes. Further, when planning which entry mode to use, it should be taken into account that the product may appeal for a specific entry mode, and use that mode to improve distribution. The characteristics of the founders should be acknowledged to increase awareness of capabilities in the establishment of new start-up companies, in order to fully utilize their capabilities. It could also be beneficial for those who gather founder teams to extensively consider the founder characteristics for the composition of the team.
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Gedo, Tamir. "A behavioral economics approach to internationalization of born global firms : an exploratory investigation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-behavioral-economics-approach-to-internationalization-of-born-global-firms-an-exploratory-investigation(045b6f0a-62b5-4fd5-8381-8e755a79eaef).html.
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The main aim of this research is to develop a conceptual model that describes the way managers make decisions about internationalizing. It also tries to explain under what conditions managers will be risk-seekers and under what conditions they will be risk-averse, and as a result which groups of strategies and tools they will choose to use when internationalizing. This investigation focuses on the field of behavioural economics in opposition to leading paradigms in the IB field that concentrate on the neoclassical economic theory. This research uses an interdisciplinary approach that combines the behavioural economics approach and theories drawn from the field of entrepreneurship, IB, market relations, industrial organization, RBV and institutional theory, in order to develop a comprehensive theoretical framework that can explain from the senior manager's perspective when and why s/he chooses certain variables and not others. The findings link the manager's perception of his position vis-à-vis his industry reference point (IRP are defined as any variable that highlights a particular objective, seems capable of establishing a reference point, and as a result, creates a framework for organizational/individual decision making) and his decision making in the area of risk management, learning, and product adaption and development. The findings indicate that managers below their IRP display innovation when developing new marketing/distribution channels, and share their knowledge with partners. Nevertheless, they demonstrate low awareness of risk management. In contrast, managers above their IRP focus on the organization's existing technology and marketing and distribution channels and avoid adjusting their products to the market needs and sharing knowledge with distributors. On the other hand, they adopt an active risk management strategy.Additionally we link between the manager's perceptions of his position vis-à-vis his IRP and his choice of entry mode strategy. The findings indicate that a number of differences exist between managers below their IRP and managers above their IRP. Managers below their IRP use positioning strategies but use TCA or institutional strategies very little. In contrast, managers above their IRP use TCA or institutional strategies but will hardly use positioning strategies at all. The two types of managers use network strategy and RBV, but each group uses different factors within the theories. The research makes a number of important contributions to study of the IB sphere, particularly to the fields of research relating to the internationalization of BG companies, which is a relatively new field of knowledge. Today there is no comprehensive theoretical framework explaining the way BG companies internationalize and the reasons they choose one strategy or tool over another when entering foreign markets. The present research attempts to establish a conceptual model that describes the way managers make internationalization decisions. It does so by importing a new discipline from the field of behavioural economics into the IB field, which is deeply wedded to the tradition of neo-classical economics and integrates it with existing strategies in the field to create a conceptual model that mediates between traditional IB research and the BG research stream.
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Roriz, Anna Lysie, and Nicola Feletto. "Behind the Internationalization Process of Northeast Italian SMEs : An Abductive Approach." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-176697.
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This study strives to investigate why some small and medium enterprises (SMEs) from Northeast Italy internationalize at inception and some internationalize gradually. The main literature regarding both, Born Globals and Stage-Models, were reviewed. In face of a high degree of fragmentation in the Born Global literature the study was developed through an abductive logic of reasoning. This basically means that we started by clustering already accepted internal and external factors, working then, towards a unified explanation. A qualitative study was developed with four SMEs. The main results show that no factor can singularly drive a company to internationalize at inception. Instead, the interaction of internal and external factors determines how SMEs internationalize. The findings provide empirical insights on the internationalization behavior of SMEs and redress the apparent theoretical gap in this field.
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Kazlova, Ala, and Bettina Ullmann. "When Wind Goes Vertical: : Can a start-up company make use of its born global potential to revolutionize the wind turbine industry?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-6605.
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The 21st century would be a nightmare for Don Quijote: thousands of windmills are installed all over the globe and the number will increase tremendously over the next years. If climate change was an issue in the early 17th century, Don Quijote might have specialized in fighting nuclear or fossil fuel power plants. The change in power production is clearly pronounced, and it inspires the market to respond immediately. Numerous wind turbine manufacturers emerge, developing one technological innovation after another. The trend clearly goes in one direction: horizontal axis wind turbines in all possible variations. However, there are a few companies that do not follow the mainstream – they swim against the current and introduce new concepts, with the potential to set new standards in the industry. Nevertheless, the question whether these companies can establish operations and survive in an industry dominated by large multinational corporations arises. If these companies want to become recognized, they need to compete on an international scale from the outset – they become born globals. This master’s thesis investigates the preconditions under which an innovative start-up company can become born global in the wind turbine industry. For that, distinctive resources and capabilities of such companies, as well as key success factors for the industry are defined. Furthermore, enhancing or restricting parameters lying within company’s environment – in particular, within its networks – are discovered. These findings are based on and supported by the case study of an innovative vertical axis wind turbine manufacturer. In addition, the influence of this company’s university spin-off origin is investigated.
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Fernandez, Guillaume. "Mesure et lisibilité de la performance globale et durable : modélisation d'un tableau de bord intégrateur." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO30010.
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Nos travaux portent sur l’objet d’observation scientifique suivant : mesure et lisibilité de la performance globale et durable, appliqué au champ des organisations de l’économie sociale et solidaire.Notre objectif est de démontrer qu’il est possible de créer un système de contrôle de gestion de la performance globale et durable (PFGD), qui intègre les diverses dimensions visibles et cachées de la performance économique et sociale des organisations de l’économie sociale et solidaire, tout en contribuant à augmenter la lisibilité de la PFGD auprès des parties prenantes internes et externes.Nous commençons notre exposé autour de la question des enjeux de la mesure de la performance globale et durable (désormais PFGD), avec un focus spécifique sur notre champ composé des organisations de l’économie sociale et solidaire (désormais OESS). Ensuite, parmi les différentes approches abordées, nous concentrons notre analyse sur l’ingénierie de la mesure socio-économique. Au regard de notre problématique, cette approche semble proposer des éléments de réponse à la fois sur la globalité et la durabilité de la performance, mais aussi sur sa lisibilité pour les parties prenantes. La deuxième partie de notre thèse présente notre proposition, qui prend la forme d’un outil spécifique du système de contrôle de gestion socio-économique : le tableau de bord de pilotage et de mesure de la PFGD. D’une part, nos résultats détaillent les dégradations de la PFGD, rendues visibles par une approche qualimétrique d’explicitation des coûts et des performances cachés. D’autre part, nous expliciterons de manière qualitative les différentes illustrations du manque d’intégration de la PFGD. Enfin, nous proposons un modèle, ainsi qu’un exemple de tableau de bord, qui intègrent à la fois une visibilité accrue de la PFGD, ainsi qu’une lisibilité augmentée pour les parties prenantes internes et externesNos travaux portent sur l’objet d’observation scientifique suivant : mesure et lisibilité de la performance globale et durable, appliqué au champ des organisations de l’économie sociale et solidaire.Notre objectif est de démontrer qu’il est possible de créer un système de contrôle de gestion de la performance globale et durable (PFGD), qui intègre les diverses dimensions visibles et cachées de la performance économique et sociale des organisations de l’économie sociale et solidaire, tout en contribuant à augmenter la lisibilité de la PFGD auprès des parties prenantes internes et externes.Nous commençons notre exposé autour de la question des enjeux de la mesure de la performance globale et durable (désormais PFGD), avec un focus spécifique sur notre champ composé des organisations de l’économie sociale et solidaire (désormais OESS). Ensuite, parmi les différentes approches abordées, nous concentrons notre analyse sur l’ingénierie de la mesure socio-économique. Au regard de notre problématique, cette approche semble proposer des éléments de réponse à la fois sur la globalité et la durabilité de la performance, mais aussi sur sa lisibilité pour les parties prenantes. La deuxième partie de notre thèse présente notre proposition, qui prend la forme d’un outil spécifique du système de contrôle de gestion socio-économique : le tableau de bord de pilotage et de mesure de la PFGD. D’une part, nos résultats détaillent les dégradations de la PFGD, rendues visibles par une approche qualimétrique d’explicitation des coûts et des performances cachés. D’autre part, nous expliciterons de manière qualitative les différentes illustrations du manque d’intégration de la PFGD. Enfin, nous proposons un modèle, ainsi qu’un exemple de tableau de bord, qui intègrent à la fois une visibilité accrue de la PFGD, ainsi qu’une lisibilité augmentée pour les parties prenantes internes et externes
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DallaPiazza, Kristin Lee. "A Global Approach to Disease Prevention: Predicting High Risk Areas for West Nile Infection in the Us." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33083.
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WN virus has spread for over 60 years creating endemic and epidemic areas throughout Africa, Asia, and Europe, affecting human, bird, and equine populations. Its 1999 appearance in New York shows the ability of the virus to cross barriers and travel great distances, emerging into new territories previously free of infection. Spreading much faster than expected, WN virus has infected thousands of birds, equine, and humans throughout the conterminous United States (US). Case and serological studies performed in the Eastern hemisphere prior to 1999 offer detailed descriptions of endemic and epidemic locations in regards to geography, land cover, land use, population, climate, and weather patterns. Based on the severity of WN activity within each study area, the patterns associated with these environmental factors allow for the identification of values associated with different levels of risk. We can then model the landscape of the disease within the US and identify areas of high risk for infection. State and county public health officials can use this model as a decision-making tool to allocate funding for disease prevention and control. Dynamic factors associated with increased transmission, such as above average temperature and precipitation, can be closely monitored and measures of prevention can be implemented when necessary. In turn, detailed information from higher resolution analyses can be documented to an online GIS (Geographic Information System) that would contribute to a global collaboration on outbreaks and prevention of disease.Master of Science
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Lantto, Anders, and William Norén. "Borta bäst? : En studie om affärsmodeller och tidig internationalisering." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24505.
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Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilken affärsmodell som born globals använder vid internationalisering och vilka faktorer som påverkar valet av modell. Studien har använt sig av en kvalitativ forskningsmetod och har genomförts som en fallstudie. Vidare utgörs studien av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Studien kommer fram till att born globals vid internationalisering har en affärsmodell som är freemium och att det resursbaserade synsättet samt bransch är viktiga bakomliggande faktorer till valet av affärsmodell. Faktorerna globalisering och entrepenören har mindre direkt påverkan medan nätverk endast har en begränsad påverkan i valet av affärsmodell för born globals vid internationalisering.The purpose of this study is to examine the business model that Born Globals use during their internationalization, and the factors that influence the choice of model. The study has used a qualitative research method and has been implemented as a case study. Furthermore, the study consists of semi-structured interviews. The study concluded that the internationalization of born globals has a freemium business model, and that the resource-based approach, and industry are important factors behind the choice of business model. Less direct impact has globalization and entrepreneur while networks have only a limited impact on the choice of business model for internationalization of born globals.
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Briand, Cyrielle. "Approche multi-traceurs pour la détermination de l'origine des nitrates dans les eaux souterraines : exemple d'une source karstique dans les Landes." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01064359.
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Les nitrates, largement dérivés des activités anthropiques posent un réel problème pour la santé et l'environnement lorsqu'ils se retrouvent dans le milieu naturel, en particulier lorsque la ressource est destinée à la production d'eau potable. Déterminer l'origine de ces nitrates est alors une première étape indispensable pour assurer ensuite une meilleure gestion de ces ressources en eau. C'est dans ce but, qu'une approche multi-traceurs originale a été développée sur la source karstique du Marseillon, située dans le Sud-Ouest de la France et exploitée pour l'eau potable. Une stratégie d'échantillonnage a été menée entre octobre 2010 et janvier 2013 à différentes échelles spatiales (du régional à l'étude du forage) et temporelles (du suivi mensuel au suivi horaire). Les outils hydrodynamiques et géochimiques ont mis en évidence une contribution importante d'une eau pauvre en nitrate à l'alimentation de la source. Les outils isotopiques (?15N-NO3, ?18O-NO3 et ?11B) et microbiologiques ont permis d'identifier une connexion hydraulique entre les eaux de surface et la source du Marseillon, favorisée pendant les épisodes de crues de surface. Les outils de datation ont permis d'estimer une contribution d'environ 80% d'une eau de 1980 et de 20 % d'une eau rechargée au cours de l'année de la mesure (2011) caractérisée par des nitrates d'origine organique et des contaminations fécales humaines et animales. Les résultats obtenus ainsi que la démarche développée dans cette thèse ont permis de dresser les grandes lignes d'un guide méthodologique, accessible aux plus grand nombre d'acteurs de l'eau, pour la détermination de l'origine des nitrates dans les eaux souterraines.
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Mulero, Stephen. "Développement d’outils d’écologie moléculaire pour un suivi intégratif des maladies transmises par les mollusques d’eau douce dans un contexte d’émergences et de changements globaux A Multiplex Rapid Diagnostic PCR (RD-PCR) approach for xenomonitoring of human and animal schistosomiases in a One Health context Genetic diversity and relationships of the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda) with native and introduced definitive and intermediate hosts Simultaneous genotyping of gastropods and their trematode parasites using Amplicon Sequencing Pre-zygotic isolation mechanisms between Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma bovis parasites: from mating interactions to differential gene expression." Thesis, Perpignan, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PERP0023.
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Les changements globaux, qu’ils soient d’origine climatique ou anthropique ont diverses conséquences en santé humaine et animale, mais aussi sur les écosystèmes mondiaux. L’une des plus importantes est la modification des aires de répartitions géographiques des espèces et de celle des pathogènes qui leurs sont associés. C’est dans ce contexte que nous assistons ces dernières années à une recrudescence des cas d’émergences et de réémergences de maladies infectieuses dans le monde. Alors que les efforts de recherche menés dans ce domaine se focalisent principalement sur les maladies virales, les maladies transmises par les mollusques d’eau douce, qui affectent plus d’un milliard d’individus dans le monde, sont également sujettes à ces évènements d’émergences devenus fréquents. Cependant, l’étude de la dynamique des parasites associés à ces maladies se focalisent essentiellement sur le diagnostic et le traitement des hôtes définitifs, en particulier l’Homme. Toutefois, une telle approche ne permet pas de prévenir de la transmission de ces parasites à l’Homme et encore moins de prévenir d’un évènement d’émergence, et les outils actuels utilisés pour le suivi de ces parasites dans l’environnement sont difficilement applicables à large échelle. Ce travail de thèse se propose donc d’apporter une vision plus environnementale de la dynamique de ces maladies. Avec l’exemple de l’émergence de bilharziose urogénitale en Corse, nous avons analysé cette émergence en intégrant l’étude des traits d’histoire de vie du parasite tropical en cause, notamment sa thermo tolérance, ainsi que le rôle des hôtes intermédiaires mollusques et des hôtes définitifs sauvages et domestiques dans le maintien local du cycle parasitaire. Dans un second temps nous avons développé des outils de diagnostic par ADN environnemental pour la détection de mollusques hôtes dans l’environnement afin d’identifier les zones à risque d’émergence, ainsi que des outils de détection intramolluscal de schistosomes pour identifier les sites de transmission actif, et donc permettre un suivi environnemental des acteurs de ces maladies. Pour compléter ces approches, nous avons développé un outil plus généraliste de metabarcoding environnemental pour caractériser les communautés de mollusques d’eau douce, et initié le développement d’un outil similaire pour la caractérisation des communautés de trématodes, ceci afin d’étudier les interactions entre ces organismes. Enfin nous discutons de l’intégrations de tous ces éléments dans de nouvelles stratégies de contrôle à l’encontre de maladies transmises par les mollusques d’eau douceGlobal changes, whether climatic or anthropogenic, have various consequences in human and animal health, as well as for worldwide ecosystems. One of the most important is the modification of geographical ranges of species and those of their associated pathogens. It is in this context that in recent years we have witnessed a resurgence in the emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases around the world. While research efforts in this field are mainly focused on viral diseases, freshwater snail-borne diseases, that affect more than 1 billion peoples around the world, are also subject to these outbreaks, which have become frequent. However, the study of the dynamics of parasites associated with these diseases focuses primarily on the diagnosis and treatment of the definitive hosts, particularly humans. Such an approach does not prevent the transmission of these parasites to humans and even less prevent an emergence event, and the existing tools used to monitor these parasites in the environment are difficult to apply at large scale. This thesis work, therefore aims to provide a more environmental vision of the dynamics of these diseases. With the example of the emergence of urogenital bilharziasis in Corsica, we analysed this emergence by integrating the study of the life history traits of the tropical parasite in question, particularly its thermo tolerance, as well as the role of mollusc intermediate hosts and wild and domestic definitive hosts in the local maintenance of the parasite lifecycle. In a second step, we have developed environmental DNA diagnostic tools for the detection of molluscs hosts in the environment in order to identify areas at risk of emergence, as well as tools for intramolluscal detection of schistosomes to identify active sites of transmission, and thus allow the environmental monitoring of the actors of these diseases. To complete these approaches, we have developed a more generalised environmental metabarcoding tool to characterise freshwater mollusc communities and initiated the development of a similar tool for the characterisation of trematode communities, in order to study the interactions between these organisms. Lastly, we discuss the integration of all these elements into new control strategies against snail-borne diseases
Books on the topic "Born Global Approach"
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Brazeau, Stéphanie, and Nicholas H. Ogden, eds. Earth observation, public health and one health: activities, challenges and opportunities. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800621183.0000.
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Abstract This book contains 4 chapters that discuss in the context of both the One Health concept and the SDG initiative, remote sensing can provide solutions to the priority of assessing and monitoring public health risks, and it can play an important role in supporting decision making to reduce health risks within our shared ecosystems. The growing awareness of complex but causal interactions among these realms has motivated professionals in a wide range of sectors to adopt the One Health approach, which promotes intersectoral collaboration to address health issues at the human-animal-environment interface. In its 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the United Nations specifically identifies "strengthening the capacity of all countries, in particular developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks" as part of their Good Health and Well-being Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). As examples presented in this book reveal, the risk of infectious disease emergence increases with a wide range of conditions and variables, including those associated with humans, animals, climate, and the environment. This book examines several priority themes to which EO and geomatics can make important contributions: mosquito-borne and tick-borne diseases; water-borne diseases; air quality and extreme heat effects; geospatial indicators of vulnerable human populations.
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Masahide, Shibusawa. The Private Diplomacy of Shibusawa Eiichi. GB Folkestone: Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9781898823810.
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“This book offers an account of the life of Shibusawa Eiichi, who may be considered the first ‘internationalist’ in modern Japan, written by his great grandson Masahide and published in 1970 under the title, Taiheiyo ni kakeru hashi (Building Bridges Over the Pacific). Japan had a tortuous relationship with internationalism between 1840, when Shibusawa was born, and 1931, the year the nation invaded Manchuria and when he passed away. The key to understanding Shibusawa’s thoughts against the background of this history, the author shows, lies in the concept of ‘people’s diplomacy,’ namely an approach to international relations through non-governmental connections. Such connections entail more transnational than international relations. In that sense, Shibusawa was more a transnationalist than an internationalist thinker. Internationalism presupposes the prior existence of sovereign states among which they cooperate to establish a peaceful order. The best examples are the League of Nations and the United Nations. Transnationalism, in contrast, goes beyond the framework of sovereign nations and promotes connections among individuals and non-governmental organizations. It could be called “globalism” in the sense that transnationalism aims at building bridges across the globe apart from independent nation-states. In that sense Shibusawa was a pioneering globalist. It was only in the 1990s that expressions like globalism and globalization came to be widely used. This was more than sixty years after Shibusawa Eiichi’s death, which suggests how pioneering his thoughts were.” [Akira Iriye]
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Brinkmann, Svend. Global Influences on Qualitative Research. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190247249.003.0007.
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This chapter adds a global perspective to the European and American traditions and includes feminist, indigenous, and “new philosophies” from throughout the world. These philosophies are born in a globalized world and yet often stress the significance of local knowledges, and they typically cut across the philosophical traditions introduced previously in this book. First, this chapter discusses feminist philosophy, which has challenged the dominance of male-centered perspectives and has also led to many fruitful qualitative studies. Second, this chapter discusses some of the variety of indigenous philosophies and how these represent qualitative forms of inquiry that may also be inspiring for other (Western) qualitative researchers, not least because of the non-acceptance of the nature/culture divide in most indigenous cosmologies. Finally, the chapter discusses the post-qualitative movement, which also does not accept the nature/culture and matter/meaning divides but tries to approach practices of inquiry from other theoretical perspectives.
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Stanescu, Nina, Maxim Marian Vlad, and Florentina Olimpia Avram. Who Cares? Social Phenomena with Global impact. Editura Universitara, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5682/9786062812560.
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This volume presents a series of issues or even social phenomena that were presented within the international conference organized on 19th of March 2021 in the online environment by specialists in the field. A social phenomenon more and more worrying is the abortion and, therefore, it should be a topic at this conference. Considering that there is a declining birth rate at global level and the legislations are more and more permissive concerning the abortion, there are more than enough reasons for this topic be approached at the conference. By analysing this global phenomenon, were identified the causes leading to abortion, being the first step in finding solutions in terms of stopping the phenomenon. Within this conference, they also discussed about early trauma, separation anxiety and school inadequacy. In other words, psychic traumas that children can suffer even before they are born. Due to the fact that in contemporary society parents have less time to spend quality time with their children, there are more and more cases of psychological traumas in children. Although existing before birth, these traumas are accentuated during the kindergarten and it can affect the child at school integration.
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Massai, Sonia. Shakespeare With and Without Its Language. Edited by James C. Bulman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199687169.013.23.
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This chapter considers the impact of ‘global Shakespeare’ on performance traditions associated with mainstream Shakespeare on the English stage with particular focus on productions which put Shakespeare in conversation with non-English theatrical conventions in order to unsettle the distinction between ‘English Shakespeare’ and ‘Foreign Shakespeare’. The main focus of the chapter is the work of a London-based theatre company, ‘Two Gents Productions’, formed by a German-born director from South Africa and two Zimbabwean actors, and the evolution of their ‘township theatre’ approach to Shakespearea from their launch production of The Two Gentlemen of Verona south London (Ovalhouse) in 2008 to their contribution to the Globe to Globe Festival in 2012. The uniquely intercultural, playful quality of their Shakespearean productions shows that intercultural performance need not involve cultural looting or an unequal exchange between participating cultures. It justifies an optimistic outlook for intercultural performance in increasingly globalized theatrical (and Shakespearean) geographies.
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Afable-Munsuz, Aimee, and Eliseo Perez-Stable. Developing a Theoretical Framework for Studies on Acculturation and Chronic Disease. Edited by Seth J. Schwartz and Jennifer Unger. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190215217.013.26.
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It is well documented that immigrants who arrive in the United States have superior health compared with native-born individuals. However, US evidence suggests that this initial health advantage erodes over time, a process referred to as “unhealthy assimilation,” the “acculturation paradox,” or the “immigrant paradox.” Variation in terminology reflects divergence in the conceptual frameworks researchers have used to approach the study of immigrant health, and in particular, how adaptation to US culture and environment influences health. The goal of this chapter is to summarize the evidence on studies that examine these questions in US immigrants with regard to chronic disease risk, in particular obesity, diabetes, and physical activity. A theoretical framework is proposed that can guide interpretation of findings on studies of chronic disease risk in US immigrants and inform future studies that aim to examine the influence of migration on health from a global perspective.
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Milloy, M.-J. Injecting While Incarcerated. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199374847.003.0003.
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Beginning approximately coincident with the advent of the global HIV pandemic, a growing number of qualitative and quantitative epidemiological studies have investigated the phenomenon of the injection of illicit psychoactive substances by individuals held within correctional settings. Empirical studies reveal that incarceration is a common experience for people who use illicit drugs, and injection while incarcerated (IWI) is an unintended if widespread consequence of the prohibition-based approach to regulating psychoactive drugs. Analyses of the spread of HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and other blood-borne pathogens among injection drug users have identified IWI as an important risk factor. Although a number of evidence-based responses have been developed to mitigate the risks associated with IWI, they are unavailable to the vast majority of imprisoned people who use injection drugs.
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Becker, Peter, and Natasha Wheatley, eds. Remaking Central Europe. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198854685.001.0001.
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This book presents Central Europe as a key laboratory for the interwar international order. A new regional order of national states, ushered into being by the dissolution of the multinational Habsburg Empire in 1918, was born alongside a new framework for international governance. The region became the key test case for new international organizations like the League of Nations: problems of border drawing, financial collapse, endemic disease, national minorities, and humanitarian aid emerged as domains where the League’s identity and authority were defined and tested. The predicaments of post-imperial sovereignty, meanwhile, sparked supranational initiatives like international policing and treaties to protect the commercial rights of foreigners. These interactions shaped the successor states as well as institutions of international organization, offering unique insights into the relationship between nationalization and internationalization. Central Europe emerges as a crucible for forms and techniques of supranational governance. With chapters covering international health, international financial oversight, human trafficking, minority rights, scientific networks, technical expertise, passports, commercial treaties, borders and citizenship, and international policing, this book pioneers a regional approach to international order, and explores the origins of today’s global governance in the wake of imperial collapse.
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Beckfield, Jason, and Nancy Krieger. Political Sociology and the People's Health. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190492472.001.0001.
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Health, illness, and death are distributed unequally around the world. Babies born in Japan can expect to live to age 80 or over, while babies born in Malawi can expect to die before the age of 50. As important, birth into one race, class, and gender within one society vs. another also matters enormously for one’s health. To answer such questions about social inequalities in health, Political Sociology and the People’s Health responds to two research trends that are motivating scholarship at the leading edge of inquiry into population health. First, social epidemiology is turning toward policy and politics to explain the unequal global distribution of population health. Second, social stratification research is turning toward new conceptualizations and theorizations of how institutions—the “rules of the game” that organize power in social life—distribute social goods, including health. Political Sociology and the People’s Health advances these two turns by developing new hypotheses that integrate insights from political sociology and social epidemiology. Political sociology offers a rich array of concepts, measures, and data that help social epidemiologists develop new hypotheses about how macroscopic factors like social policy, labor markets, and the racialized and gendered state shape the distribution of population health. Social epidemiology offers innovative approaches to the conceptualization and measurement of population, etiologic period, and distribution that can advance research on the relationships between institutions and inequalities. Developing the conversation between these fields, Political Sociology and the People’s Health describes how human institutional arrangements distribute life and death.
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Sorrentino, Alfonso. Action-minimizing Methods in Hamiltonian Dynamics (MN-50). Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691164502.001.0001.
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John Mather's seminal works in Hamiltonian dynamics represent some of the most important contributions to our understanding of the complex balance between stable and unstable motions in classical mechanics. His novel approach—known as Aubry–Mather theory—singles out the existence of special orbits and invariant measures of the system, which possess a very rich dynamical and geometric structure. In particular, the associated invariant sets play a leading role in determining the global dynamics of the system. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to Mather's theory, and can serve as an interdisciplinary bridge for researchers and students from different fields seeking to acquaint themselves with the topic. Starting with the mathematical background from which Mather's theory was born, the book first focuses on the core questions the theory aims to answer—notably the destiny of broken invariant KAM tori and the onset of chaos—and describes how it can be viewed as a natural counterpart of KAM theory. The book achieves this by guiding readers through a detailed illustrative example, which also provides the basis for introducing the main ideas and concepts of the general theory. It then describes the whole theory and its subsequent developments and applications in their full generality.
Book chapters on the topic "Born Global Approach"
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Barragán-Paladines, María José, Michael Schoon, Winny Collot D’Escury, and Ratana Chuenpagdee. "Managing Fish or Governing Fisheries? An Historical Recount of Marine Resources Governance in the Context of Latin America – The Ecuadorian Case." In Ocean Governance, 47–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20740-2_3.
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AbstractThe narratives and images about ocean and its resources governance, their use and value have deep roots in human history. Traditionally, the contemporary images of fish and fisheries have been shaped under the cultural construction of power, wealth and exclusion, and also as one of poverty and marginalization. This perception was formed on early notions of natural (marine) resources access and use that were born within the colonial machinery that ruled the world from the Middle Ages until late XVII. This research explores the historical overview of marine resources usage and governance in Latin America, from a ‘critical approach to development’ perspective, by following a narrative description based on a ‘three-acts’ format. It illustrates how and to what extent politics, power and knowledge have deeply influenced policies and practices at exploring the marine and terrestrial resources and at managing fish and seafood, historically, and how the fisheries resources’ management practices are influenced by principles of appropriation, regulation and usage, put in place already in the XV century that were imposed at the conquering and colonization of the Americas, disregarded previous governance practices. This article argues that fisheries governance cannot be improved without some appreciation for the social, historical, geopolitical, and cultural significance of the fishing resources themselves, of the perceptions of them by humans, and of the interactions Global North-Global South. The analysis also opens the dialogue about what kind of ocean and governance “science” we want, to support decisions, policies and practices regarding fisheries governance. Final thoughts highlight a reflection about whose knowledge is created and used to support decision and policy making in Ecuador.
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Nicol, J. M., R. Rivoal, R. M. Trethowan, M. Van Ginkel, M. Mergoum, and R. P. Singh. "Cimmyt’s Approach to Identify and Use Resistance to Nematodes and Soil-Borne Fungi, in Developing Superior Wheat Germplasm." In Wheat in a Global Environment, 381–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3674-9_49.
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DeClerck, Fabrice A. J., Izabella Koziell, Tim Benton, Lucas A. Garibaldi, Claire Kremen, Martine Maron, Cristina Rumbaitis Del Rio, et al. "A Whole Earth Approach to Nature-Positive Food: Biodiversity and Agriculture." In Science and Innovations for Food Systems Transformation, 469–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15703-5_25.
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AbstractAgriculture is the largest single source of environmental degradation, responsible for over 30% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, 70% of freshwater use and 80% of land conversion: it is the single largest driver of biodiversity loss (Foley JA, Science 309:570–574, 2005, Nature 478:337–342, 2011; IPBES. Global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. IPBES Secretariat, Bonn, 2019; Willett W et al. The Lancet 393:447–492, 2019). Agriculture also underpins poor human health, contributing to 11 million premature deaths annually. While too many still struggle from acute hunger, a growing number of individuals, including in low to middle-income countries (LMICs), struggle to access healthy foods. Greater consideration for, and integration of, biodiversity in agriculture is a key solution space for improving health, eliminating hunger and achieving nature-positive development objectives.This rapid evidence review documents the best available evidence of agriculture’s relationships with biodiversity, drawing on the contributions of leading biodiversity experts, and recommends actions that can be taken to move towards more biodiversity/nature-positive production through the delivery of integrated agricultural solutions for climate, biodiversity, nutrition and livelihoods. The analysis, which takes a whole-of-food-system approach, brings together a large body of evidence. It accounts for aspects not typically captured in a stand-alone primary piece of research and indicates where there are critical gaps.
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Langridge, Peter. "Micronutrient Toxicity and Deficiency." In Wheat Improvement, 433–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90673-3_24.
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AbstractMicronutrients are essential for plant growth although required in only very small amounts. There are eight micronutrients needed for healthy growth of wheat: chlorine, iron, boron, manganese, zinc, copper, nickel and molybdenum. Several factors will influence the availability of micronutrients, including levels in the soil, and mobility or availability. Zinc deficiency is the most significant problem globally followed by boron, molybdenum, copper, manganese and iron. Deficiency is usually addressed through application of nutrients to seeds, or through foliar spays when symptoms develop. There is considerable genetic variation in the efficiency of micronutrient uptake in wheat, but this is not a major selection target for breeding programs given the agronomic solutions. However, for some micronutrients, the concentrations in the soil can be very high and result in toxicity. Of the micronutrients, the narrowest range between deficiency and toxicity is for boron and toxicity is a significant problem in some regions. Although not a micronutrient, aluminium toxicity is also a major factor limiting yield in many areas, usually associated with a low soil pH. Agronomic solutions for boron and aluminium toxicity are difficult and expensive. Consequently, genetic approaches have dominated the strategies for addressing toxicity and good sources of tolerance are available.
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Herrero, Mario, Marta Hugas, Uma Lele, Aman Wirakartakusumah, and Maximo Torero. "A Shift to Healthy and Sustainable Consumption Patterns." In Science and Innovations for Food Systems Transformation, 59–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15703-5_5.
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AbstractThis chapter recognises that current food consumption patterns, often characterised by higher levels of food waste and a transition in diets towards higher energy, more resource-intensive foods, need to be transformed. Food systems in both developed and developing countries are changing rapidly. Increasingly characterised by a high degree of vertical integration, evolutions in food systems are being driven by new technologies that are changing production processes, distribution systems, marketing strategies, and the food products that people eat. These changes offer the opportunity for system-wide change in the way in which production interacts with the environment, giving greater attention to the ecosystem services offered by the food sector. However, developments in food systems also pose new challenges and controversies. Food system changes have responded to shifts in consumer preferences towards larger shares of more animal-sourced and processed foods in diets, raising concerns regarding the calorific and nutritional content of many food items. By increasing food availability, lowering prices and increasing quality standards, they have also induced greater food waste at the consumer end. In addition, the potential fast transmission of food-borne disease, antimicrobial resistance and food-related health risks throughout the food chain has increased, and the ecological footprint of the global food system continues to grow in terms of energy, resource use, and impact on climate change. The negative consequences of food systems from a nutritional, environmental and livelihood perspective are increasingly being recognised by consumers in some regions. With growing consumer awareness, driven by concerns about the environmental and health impacts of investments and current supply chain technologies and practices, as well as by a desire among new generations of city dwellers to reconnect with their rural heritage and use their own behaviour to drive positive change, opportunities exist to define and establish added-value products that are capable of internalising social or environmental delivery within their price. These forces can be used to fundamentally reshape food systems by stimulating coordinated government action in changing the regulatory environment that, in turn, incentivises improved private sector investment decisions. Achieving healthy diets from sustainable food systems is complex and requires a multi-pronged approach. Actions necessary include awareness-raising, behaviour change interventions in food environments, food education, strengthened urban-rural linkages, improved product design, investments in food system innovations, public-private partnerships, public procurement, and separate collection that enables alternative uses of food waste, all of which can contribute to this transition. Local and national policy-makers and small- and large-scale private sector actors have a key role in both responding to and shaping the market opportunities created by changing consumer demands.
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Huang, Qingan, Ellis L. C. Osabutey, Junzhe Ji, and Liying Meng. "The Impact of Social Networks on “Born Globals”." In Diasporas and Transnational Entrepreneurship in Global Contexts, 152–72. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1991-1.ch009.
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This paper aims to explore the role and impact of entrepreneurs' social networks on the internationalisation of “Born Global” firms, in particular, its de-internationalisation process. The research is based on a case study approach and adopts a series of face to face and online qualitative longitudinal interviews. It provides some useful insights into the relationship management of “Born Global” entrepreneurs and unveils some negative impacts of social networks on the initiation of ‘de-internationalisation'. The study reveals the importance of online social networks, high-tech communications and contemporary management techniques for “Born Global” entrepreneurs.
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Huang, Qingan, Ellis L. C. Osabutey, Junzhe Ji, and Liying Meng. "The Impact of Social Networks on “Born Globals”." In Social Entrepreneurship, 911–30. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8182-6.ch046.
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This paper aims to explore the role and impact of entrepreneurs' social networks on the internationalisation of “Born Global” firms, in particular, its de-internationalisation process. The research is based on a case study approach and adopts a series of face to face and online qualitative longitudinal interviews. It provides some useful insights into the relationship management of “Born Global” entrepreneurs and unveils some negative impacts of social networks on the initiation of ‘de-internationalisation'. The study reveals the importance of online social networks, high-tech communications and contemporary management techniques for “Born Global” entrepreneurs.
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Saltik, Zehra. "Behavioral Approaches to Leadership." In Leadership Approaches in Global Hospitality and Tourism, 40–60. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6713-8.ch003.
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Leadership is one of the top subjects of study in the past, now, and in the future. Different approaches to leadership have been put forward up to the present day. As a concept, leadership has been studied with different aspects. One of these aspects is to examine leadership in terms of behaviors, which claims that it is certain types of behavior that make a leader effective or ineffective. Hence, it assumes that leaders are not born but made. According to this approach, leadership can be learned and modelled. This approach came out as a response to the inadequacies of traits approach of leadership and focused more on behaviors to define leadership. Ohio State studies, Michigan State studies, and Blake and Mouton studies are best representative of this approach.
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Ekanem, Ignatius, and Ndidi Juliana Uwajeh. "Transnational Entrepreneurs and Their Global Market Entry Modes." In Diasporas and Transnational Entrepreneurship in Global Contexts, 130–51. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1991-1.ch008.
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This chapter presents an exploration into the market entry modes of transnational entrepreneurs. It focusses on the effects of knowledge acquisition and learning to the process. Specifically, it addresses the role of the transnational entrepreneur in acquiring knowledge that results in market entry. The empirical data consists of transnational entrepreneurs from three industries namely, food manufacturing, agriculture and information technology who are engaged in international activities. The research is qualitative using case study. The data collection tool is semi-structured interviews with the data analysed using thematic and content analysis. The findings suggest that transnational entrepreneurs adopt mostly the network or in some cases, the international new venture (born-global) market entry strategy rather than the stage by stage approach. They also reveal that transnational entrepreneurs adopt a self-learn approach that makes them more proactive with their knowledge acquisition resulting in market entry. The implications for the study are also discussed.
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Winkler, Carol, and Kareem El Damanhoury. "The Challenge to State-Based Global Media Systems." In Proto-State Media Systems, 1–22. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197568026.003.0001.
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Chapter 1 begins by profiling Ahmad Abousamra and Samir Khan, two young males born in the United States who emerged as major national security threats to their homeland by writing online publications in support of al-Qaeda and ISIS. Recognizing the opportunity that online environments open for extremist groups to reach global audiences, it itemizes the standard state-based rubrics for evaluating media systems, defines the rising phenomenon of proto-states, and explores why state-based models are insufficient, if not misguided, for understanding proto-state media systems. It then draws on theories of constitutive rhetoric and online networks to identify key foundations of an alternative, identity-based approach. It concludes by naming al-Qaeda and ISIS as case studies and by illustrating how both serve as exemplars of proto-states in the contemporary environment.
Conference papers on the topic "Born Global Approach"
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Wan Hafiz, Wan Zainal Shukri, Gan Mei Yen, Abdul Wahab Mohamad Rahijan, and Wenjie Cai. "CHINESE FOOD CULTURE AND FESTIVAL: ROLE AND SYMBOLIC MEANING AMONG HOKKIEN MILLENNIALS." In GLOBAL TOURISM CONFERENCE 2021. PENERBIT UMT, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46754/gtc.2021.11.023.
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The practice of preparing and consumption traditional food at home is the foci in most traditional celebrations, mostly accompanied by rich ethnic rituals, practice and symbolic meanings. However, studies showed changes in lifestyle and work demands in post-modernity have impacted the significance of century’s old ethnic practices in modern life. Millennials (those born between 1980s - 1990s) are more attracted to branding and commercial foods rather than festival foods. This presents an imminent risk of an erosion of Chinese festival foods and cultural identity. This study explores the symbolic meanings of the Hokkien festival foods, factors influencing the consumption of Hokkien festival foods, and role of Hokkien festival foods among Hokkien millennials. Adopting an interpretivist approach, twenty participants who identified themselves as Chinese Hokkien and were born between 1980s - 1999s in Negeri Sembilan were interviewed for the purposes of data collection. The symbolic meaning of Hokkien festival foods among Hokkien millennials were maintaining relationship with their ancestors by following festive traditions and spending quality time with family members. The role of Hokkien festival foods were to celebrate the traditions, culture and heritage as well as pass those traditions on to the younger generations. There were three main factors that influenced Hokkien festival food consumption, which were changed or set aside in keeping with a more modern lifestyle, affected by the attitude of the younger generation and the fact that parents failed to pass on the traditions.
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Vasile, Gabriel Ionuţ, and Xiaoyu Zhan. "Human Resources Management in Organizational Performance." In 2nd International Conference Global Ethics - Key of Sustainability (GEKoS). LUMEN Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/gekos2021/9.
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The world we live in has countless organizations that are born, grow or disappear. The use of human resources is very common and essential for all types of organizations at all times. They ensure the survival and tryingness of the organization in today's dynamic business environment. The investment in human resources means not only the regular salary payments but also employees' personal and professional development in order to enhance their job skills and act responsibly when necessary. The traditional approach to human resources management implies only the costs for the job performed. The unique values of human resources imply both the ability of personal and professional development and the desire of self-improvement as standards of the modern world require. Work evaluation can have a negative impact and that happens when the manager considers the employee, as individual, accountable for bad job performance and does not take an account of the weak areas of performance evaluation and control.
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Manghiuc, Iulia, and Ciprian Petrescu. "Integration of Generation Z in the Professional Environment." In International Conference Innovative Business Management & Global Entrepreneurship. LUMEN Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/ibmage2020/30.
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This study highlights the assimilation of generation Z in the professional environment and its adaptation to the requirements of the organization it is part of. The candidates who have advanced knowledge in the field of technology are the target audience that will generate personalized education over time, but also interesting opportunities, who are growing in an environment relying only on technology and will be much more flexible in thinking and decision making, being those who grew up online. Born during the digital age, they will prefer an independent brand at the expense of a traditional / experienced brand. The intersection method used by combining the quantitative and qualitative approach will seek to identify the components of an effective professional integration system. The results obtained also highlight the fact that this process plays a key role in creating a convenient environment where the members of generation Z can explore their native creativity. The whole integration process will consist of a series of challenges that organizations will be facing in attracting and keeping the members of this generation, but also of methods used for its capitalization. The conclusions highlight the importance of this reference process for any member of Generation Z.
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Jimenez, Mona. "Adapting university education in a digital and globally networked world." In SOIMA 2015: Unlocking Sound and Image Heritage. International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18146/soima2015.4.17.
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Since 2003, the Moving Image Archiving and Preservation Program (MIAP) at New York University has graduated nearly 90 new moving image preservation professionals. Practices for moving image archiving and preservation have changed dramatically since the programme began. In addition, ‘born-digital’ productions have become the norm. Thus, MIAP has needed to continually adapt to the increasingly broad nature of heritage collections, and to new approaches and practices aimed at maintaining perpetual access to moving image works. In addition, MIAP has encouraged these professionals to understand their work in a global context and to approach international collaborations in a spirit of exchange. Changes in MIAP have been informed by a set of principles present from the beginning of the programme, by an early and continued emphasis on a full spectrum of media types and by projects and initiatives undertaken by faculty, staff, students and alumni.
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Richmond, Deborah. "Empowered Mobility: Supply Chain Thinking for Youth in Foster Care." In 2016 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2016.29.
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The application of global container logistics to high mobility children, such as those in foster care, asks designers to consider an empathic, human-centered approach to an institutionalized system of involuntary mobility, which can result in as many as 3-4 family “placements” per year for some children. In spite of grim statistics for youth in foster care related to graduation, teen pregnancy, drug use and imprisonment, these children develop many positive resiliencies around adaptability, emotional intelligence, empathy and efficiency. Working with a non-profit serving youth in foster care in Watts, Los Angeles, called Peace4Kids, whose motto is “community as family,” the concept of a “mobile village” was born. Following their lead, paired with a deep understanding of consumer culture’s collective intelligence around moving goods through cities, an innovative strategy was used to create a literal delivery platform for educational programming, in partnership with other non-profits, around food equity, social justice and eventually other vocational skills such as apparel arts, machine arts, fine arts and early education.
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Sovova, Olga. "PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION BETWEEN CONTROL AND SUPPORT." In NORDSCI Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2021/b2/v4/24.
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The role of the public administration in modern states is diverse and extensive. The state administration is traditionally connected with the activity of lordship and decision-making. The municipality and community administration is more user-oriented and supportive in difficult life situations. Both types of public administration execute permanent and daily control of their users. They check how the addressees follow laws, by-laws and orders or instructions of the public administration. Contemporary modern global society born new challenges and for both parties of the relationship. The paper examines the needs of users for a more friendly, supportive approach. The public administration's daily practice must connect particular and general interests regarding, on the one hand, the protection of human rights, on the second-hand goods of a community or the whole society. The paper analyses the thin line between support and control when delivering public service based on the Czech Republic experience. The article focuses on managerial and legal issues and possible tools for transitioning from lordship to procuring and assisting public administration.
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PREDA, Elena, Simona BARA, and Gabriel POPESCU. "INTEGRATED PARKS OF ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION – A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TOOL FOR PUBLIC AUTHORITIES, BUSINESSES AND INVESTORS." In Competitiveness of Agro-Food and Environmental Economy. Editura ASE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/cafee/2020/9/05.
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Environmental and climate change issues have begun to become points of interest for the financial services industry, due to both global and European policy trend - the Green Deal, the Climate Change Mitigation Treaty, the reduction of companies’ carbon emissions, etc. - as well as for the relevant scientific and regulatory authorities. The process of institutional construction of the new entities represented by the ecological restoration parks was born from the need to encourage the multi and interdisciplinary remediation and integrated monitoring works of some damaged natural areas. The purpose of this paper is to provide a new approach to ecological restoration activities, taking into account not only the technical aspects of restoration works, but also new ways of them integrating economically and socially. The paper is organized on following issues: the need to establish a general institutional framework for ecological restoration; specific technical requirements for establishing future complex ecological restoration parks; financing the ecological restoration parks; advantages of institutional recognition of ecological restoration parks. Ecological restoration parks can become a source for the design and jobs designing in the medium and long term, given the duration of restoration of bio components and / or of relationships affected and subject to ecological restoration.
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Rijo, Cátia, Vera Barradas, Carolina Galegos, and Patricia Pombo. "Design Thinking a Methodological Approach in Design Process: "3 seeds" as a Case Study." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001384.
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This article aims to demonstrate the design thinking methodology applied in a specific challenge and its inherent problems. Nowadays, with the common concern of climate change issues, design assumes a global responsibility to change habits and behaviors. Universities as living laboratories of ideas and an-swers are called to action. In the work presented here, students were challenged to develop a project under the theme, seeds. With sustainable design and circular economy at the base of the creative process, in a thinking oriented towards truth, honesty, clarity and respect for people, 3 seeds are born. A hand-made clothing brand with dyeing based on three seeds: Paprika, Saffron and Pink Pepper. From the result were part not only the garments, but also communication strategy and graphic pieces that accompanied the whole concept and process of the project. For the development of the project, we intend a methodology that integrates practice as part of the method has come to characterize our action – practice-based and practice-led (Candy, 2006) - considering: wants to practice and reflection on the results of practice, as a source of new knowledge.Move forward from this knowledge about the practice and within of practice we adopted design thinking methodology not only because is a flexible methodology but also because can be used in any work field, since it as valuable elements, such as iterating frequently based on continuous feedback from all the intervenient. Through rapid low-resolution prototyping, ideas are continuously tested with the potential users. “Fail early in order to succeed sooner” is the Design Thinking principle that helps to maximize learning and insights, crucial for human centred innovation. Collaborative work in a small groups scenar-io map, leads to the discussion of solutions, and to the innovation that emerges from the different perspec-tives given by each person.In this context, it will be important to realize that, as a methodological resource in the development of a project, design thinking is able to provide an effective approach to problem solving, naturally facilitating the development of innovative approaches to problem solving, from the perspective of prototyping, rapid analysis and potential selection of end-user-focused solutions. Design thinking, besides guiding as a meth-odology, emerges as a unifying element of visual thinking and the creative process. Our aim with the students involved, based on active research and expression, is give them with skills capable of complementing their expertise, behaviors and methodologies in real work context since this methodology offered focuses on a practical approach.
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Navarro, Laetitia, Néstor Fernández, and Henrique Pereira. "The GEO BON approach to globally coordinated biodiversity monitoring." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/108135.
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Dominique, S., and J. Y. Tre´panier. "Optimization of a Gas Turbine Engine Rotor Disc Using Case-Based Reasoning and the GATE Genetic Algorithm." In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-23011.
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The implementation of an automated decision support system in the field of structural design and optimization can give a significant advantage to any industry working on mechanical design. Such a system can reduce the project cycle time or allow more time to produce a better design by providing solution ideas to a designer or by upgrading existing design solutions while the designer is not at work. This paper presents an approach to automating the process of designing a gas turbine engine rotor disc using case-based reasoning (CBR), combined with a new genetic algorithm, the Genetic Algorithm with Territorial core Evolution (GATE). GATE was specifically created to solve problems in the mechanical structural design field, and is essentially a real number genetic algorithm that prevents new individuals from being born too close to previously evaluated solutions. The restricted area becomes smaller or larger during optimization to allow global or local searches when necessary. The CBR process uses a databank filled with every known solution to similar design problems. The closest solutions to the current problem in terms of specifications are selected, along with an estimated solution from an artificial neural network. Each solution selected by the CBR is then used to initialize the population of a GATE island. Our results show that CBR may significantly upgrade the performance of an optimization algorithm when sufficient preliminary information is known about the design problem. It provides an average solution 5.0% lighter than the average solution found using random initialization. The results are compared to other results obtained for the same problems by four optimization algorithms from the I-SIGHT 3.5 software: the sequential quadratic programming algorithm (SQP), the insular genetic algorithm (GA), the Hookes & Jeeves generalized pattern search (HJ) and POINTER. Results show that GATE can be a very good candidate for automating and accelerating the structural design of a gas turbine engine rotor disc, providing an average disc 18.9% lighter than SQP, 11.2% lighter than HJ, 23.9% lighter than GA and 4.3% lighter than POINTER, even when starting with the same solution set.
Reports on the topic "Born Global Approach"
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Dudley, Lynn M., Uri Shani, and Moshe Shenker. Modeling Plant Response to Deficit Irrigation with Saline Water: Separating the Effects of Water and Salt Stress in the Root Uptake Function. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586468.bard.
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Standard salinity management theory, derived from blending thermodynamic and semi- empirical considerations leads to an erroneous perception regarding compensative interaction among salinity stress factors. The current approach treats matric and osmotic components of soil water potential separately and then combines their effects to compute overall response. With deficit water a severe yield decrease is expected under high salinity, yet little or no reduction is predicted for excess irrigation, irrespective of salinity level. Similarly, considerations of competition between chloride and nitrate ions have lead to compensation hypothesis and to application of excess nitrate under saline conditions. The premise of compensative interaction of growth factors behind present practices (that an increase in water application alleviates salinity stress) may result in collateral environmental damage. Over-irrigation resulting in salinization and elevated ground water threatens productivity on a global scale. Other repercussions include excessive application of nitrate to compensate for salinity, unwillingness to practice deficit irrigation with saline water, and under-utilization of marginal water. The objectives for the project were as follows: 1) To develop a database for model parameterization and validation by studying yield and transpiration response to water availability, excessive salinity and salt composition. 2) To modify the root sink terms of an existing mechanism-based model(s) of water flow, transpiration, crop yield, salt transport, and salt chemistry. 3) To develop conceptual and quantitative models of ion uptake that considers the soil solution concentration and composition. 4) To develop a conceptual and quantitative models of effects of NaCl and boron accumulation on yield and transpiration. 5) To add a user interface to the water flow, transpiration, crop yield, salt transport, chemistry model to make it easy for others to use. We conducted experiments in field plots and lysimeters to study biomass production and transpiration of com (Zeamays cv. Jubilee), melon (Cucumismelo subsp. melo cv. Galia), tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum Mill. cv. 5656), onion (Alliumcepa L. cv. HA 944), and date palms (Phoenix Dactylifera L. cv. Medjool) under salinity combined with water or with nitrate (growth promoters) or with boron (growth inhibitor). All factors ranged from levels not limiting to plant function to severe inhibition. For cases of combined salinity with water stress, or excess boron, we observed neither additive nor compensative effects on plant yield and transpiration. In fact, yield and transpiration at each combination of the various factors were primarily controlled by one of them, the most limiting factor to plant activity. We proposed a crop production model of the form Yr = min{gi(xi), where Yr = Yi ym-1 is relative yield,Ym is the maximum yield obtained in each experiment, Xi is an environmental factor, gi is a piecewise-linear response function, Yi is yield of a particular treatment. We selected a piecewise-linear approach because it highlights the irrigation level where the response to one factor ceases and a second factor begins. The production functions generate response "envelopes" containing possible yields with diagonal lines represent response to Xi alone and the lines parallel to the X-axis represent response to salinity alone. A multiplicative model was also derived approximating the limiting behaviour for incorporation in a hydrochemical model. The multiplicative model was selected because the response function was required to be continuous. The hydrochemical model was a better predictor of field-measured water content and salt profiles than models based on an additive and compensative model of crop response to salinity and water stress.
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Knowles, Donald, and Monica Leszkowicz Mazuz. Transfected Babesia bovis expressing the anti-tick Bm86 antigen as a vaccine to limit tick infestation and protect against virulent challenge. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598160.bard.
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Bovine babesiosis, caused by the apicomplexan parasites Babesiabovisand B. bigemina, is a major tick borne disease of cattle with significant economic importance globally. The vectors of Babesia parasites are R. (Boophilus) annulatusand R. microplus. In Israel these parasites are transmitted manly by R. annulatus. The main goal of the proposal was developing and testing a novel B. bovisvaccine based on stably transfected attenuated B. bovisexpressing the anti-tick Bm86 antigen. This required generating a transfected- attenuated B. bovisparasite containing a bidirectional promoter expressing both, the gfp- bsd selectable marker and the tick vaccine antigen Bm86. The vaccine was tested for its ability to elicit protective immune responses against T. annulatusticks. Efficient control of babesiosis is based on a complex scheme of integrated management, including preventive immunization, anti-babesial chemotherapy and control of tick populations. Live vaccines based on attenuated parasites are the most effective measure to control babesiosis, and are currently used in several countries, including Israel. Live attenuated parasites lead to a chronic infection and development of strong and long term immunity in vaccinated cattle. Still, live vaccines have several limitations, including the difficulty to distinguish among vaccinated and naturally infected cattle and potential for sporadic outbreaks in vaccinated animals. Tick limitation is essential to control babesiosis but the main measure to reduce tick infestation is traditionally approached using acaricides, which is limited by environmental concerns and the development of resistance by the ticks. Alternative tick-control measures including the use of anti-tick vaccines are emerging, and at least partial protective immunity has been achieved against tick vectors by vaccination with recombinant protective tick antigens (ie: Bm86). In addition, the Babesia vaccine development toolbox has been recently expanded with the development of transfection technology in Babesia parasites. In this approved proposal we successfully developed a Babesia live attenuated transfected vaccine, which is able to express a B. bovisMSA-1 signal-Bm86 chimera and eGFP genes under the control of the B. bovisef- 1 and actin promoters respectively. Genetic analysis demonstrated specific stable integration of the transfected genes in the expected ef-1 locus, and immunofluorescence analysis confirmed expression of Bm86 in the surface of transfected parasites. When applied to splenectomized calves, the transfected parasites were able to cause persistent B. bovisinfection with production of antibodies reactive with Bm86 for at least six months. In addition, partial protection against ticks was also observed upon challenging the vaccinated animals with R. annulatuslarvae. However, when used on intact calves, the vaccine failed to elicit detectable immune responses against Bm86, and we are still in the process of interpreting the data and make necessary changes in our experimental approaches. Overall, the results obtained here represent a step forward towards the development of integrated vaccines against both ticks and tick –borne pathogens, using the Babesia attenuated parasites as a platform to the delivery of exogenous protective antigens