Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Borderline personality disorder'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Borderline personality disorder.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Borderline personality disorder.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
POGGI, ANITA. "Trust in Borderline Personality Disorder." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/330121.
Full textAbstract:
Il presente contributo propone un modello euristico per lo studio della fiducia interpersonale. Sulla base di precedenti concettualizzazioni sul tema della fiducia consideriamo la fiducia interpersonale un processo interattivo, circolare e che prevede più fasi. Di conseguenza, sottolineiamo l'importanza di considerare le espressioni comportamentali di fiducia come l'esito di un processo dinamico in continua evoluzione piuttosto che come una disposizione personale statica. Nella presente tesi, miriamo ad approfondire i processi che sottostanno una minore predisposizione a fidarsi del prossimo da parte dei soggetti con tratti di personalità borderline (il così detto, untrustworthiness bias). Lungo l'intero elaborato di tesi esemplifichiamo un utilizzo del modello proposto per esplorare l'untrustworthiness bias in soggetti con tratti di personalità borderline. Nel primo Capitolo, forniamo una presentazione dettagliata del modello già menzionato in precedenza e una revisione sistematica della letteratura precedente in merito a difficoltà a fidarsi del prossimo in soggetti con Disturbo Borderline di Personalità. Nei capitolo successivi presentiamo cinque studi empirici che approfondiscono alcune fasi specifiche suggerite nel modello. Nei capitoli 2, 3 e 4 esploriamo l'influenza di alcune differenze individuali sull'untrustworthiness bias di soggetti con tratti di personalità borderline. Più di preciso, un questi capitoli ci occupiamo di esplorare rispettivamente la sensibilità all'esclusione sociale, all'ingiustizia e la sospettosità. In questi capitoli dimostriamo empiricamente come diverse disposizioni individuali possono influenzare diversamente la disposizione individuale a fidarsi del prossimo in soggetti con tratti borderline di personalità. Nel Capitolo 5, invece, esploriamo l'effetto che diversi indizi di fiducia (indizi diretti e indiretti) possono avere sull'untrustworthiness bias di soggetti con tratti borderline di personalità. I nostri risultati sottolineano come l'associazione tra tratti borderline e untrustworthiness bias non è stabile, bensì variabile. Infine, nel Capitolo 6, ci focalizziamo sull'influenza della situazione di Covid-19 sulle disposizioni individuali a fidarsi del prossimo in soggetti con tratti di personalità borderline. Sorprendentemente, troviamo disposizioni alla fiducia interpersonale simili tra individui che hanno partecipato allo studio durante il periodo di lock-down nonostante livelli variabili di tratti borderline di personalità.
Nelle conclusioni presentiamo i nostri risultati principali e le implicazioni dell'usare, sia in ambito clinico sia empirico, il modello suggerito per studiare il fenomeno della fiducia interpersonale.The present work proposes a novel heuristic model for studying Interpersonal Trust. Building upon previous conceptualizations of trust, we recommend considering trust as an iterative, circular, and multi-step process. Hence, we stress the importance of considering trust expressions as a dynamic process in continuous evolution rather than a static personality disposition. In the present work, our main aim is to shed light on the processes underlying the lower propensity of individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder features to trust others (i.e., untrustworthiness bias). Throughout the thesis, we exemplify the use of the proposed model for exploring the well-established untrustworthiness bias of individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) features. Chapter 1 provides a detailed illustration of the model mentioned above and a systematic review of the previous literature on trust impairments among individuals with BPD. In the following chapters, we present five empirical studies that elucidate the peculiar functioning of individuals with BPD features in some of the stages suggested by the model. In Chapters 2, 3, and 4, we investigate the influence of some individual differences on BPD’s untrustworthiness bias. We respectively focus on the exploration of Rejection Sensitivity, Justice Sensitivity, and Suspiciousness. In these chapters, we empirically prove that different trust-related personal dispositions have a typical influence on the interpersonal trust dispositions of individuals with BPD features. In Chapter 5, we explore the effects of diverse (i.e., direct or indirect) cues on the untrustworthiness bias of individuals with BPD features. Our findings remarkably suggest that the association between BPD features and untrustworthiness bias is not stable rather variable. Finally, in Chapter 6, we focus on the influence of Covid-19 circumstances on the interpersonal trust dispositions of individuals with BPD features. Surprisingly, we found similar interpersonal trust dispositions among individuals with different BPD features’ levels in a large community sample recruited during confinement. In conclusion, we discuss our findings and the implications of using the suggested model to study Interpersonal Trust both from an empirical and clinical perspective.
2
Simpson, Phillip Richard. "Emotional regulation in borderline personality disorder." Thesis, University of Hull, 2008. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:1364.
Full textAbstract:
This paper reviews the theoretical, conceptual and empirical literature relating to emotional regulation in borderline personality disorder. A number of issues relating to the disorder are discussed, including problems with the categorical system of diagnosis and potential co-morbidity. The prominent models of treatment are reviewed along with the evidence for their effectiveness. The concept of a core dysregulation of emotion in the disorder is considered and the psychological models of emotion explored. A systematic review is then described that identified twenty-one experimental studies that investigated aspects of emotional dysregulation in the disorder. The results of this review are categorised into subgroups on the basis of the experimental methods used, and discussed within this context. The results provide limited support for the concept of emotional sensitivity, with empirical evidence for increased attention to emotional stimuli but no evidence of a lower threshold of emotional response. Increased emotional intensity has been demonstrated with self-report and time-sampling data, however results from physiological measures are inconsistent. The limitations of the current literature are discussed, and the implications for future research and clinical practice are considered.
3
Solhan, Marika. "Affective instability and impulsivity in borderline personality disorder." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4605.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.A.) University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 28, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
4
Kim, Nami. "Decision-making, impulsivity, and borderline personality disorder." access full-text online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2006. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3215400.
Full text
5
Walton, Laura Carol. "Attachment and metacognition in borderline personality disorder." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7591.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a psychiatric diagnosis characterized by emotional and behavioural instability, and impaired ability to maintain relationships. Previous research has demonstrated an association between BPD and insecure attachment style. It has been argued that BPD is a disorder of attachment, with insecure attachment being associated with inadequate capacity to represent mental states, or to “mentalize”. There is evidence that people with BPD are impaired in their capacity to mentalize in the context of attachment relationships. The term “mentalization” encompasses a broad range of processes including metacognition. There is a theoretical basis for metacognitive deficits in BPD. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence regarding the role of metacognition in BPD and its relationship to adult attachment style. Method: Participants with BPD were recruited from Community Mental Health Teams, Clinical Psychology and a Dialectal Behaviour Therapy (DBT) service within NHS Highland. A comparison group of participants without BPD were recruited from the Clinical Psychology service, having been referred for symptoms of depression. Both groups were administered the Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ)(a self-report measure of attachment); and a short version of the Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ-30). Severity of clinical symptoms and current mood was assessed using the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation (CORE) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: Participants with BPD scored significantly higher than those without BPD on the attachment-anxiety and attachment-avoidance dimensions of the RSQ. The BPD group also endorsed MCQ-30 items more than the comparison group. There was a significant difference between the groups on the MCQ-30 total score and four of the five subscale scores. There were significant positive correlations between attachment dimension scores and metacognition subscales. The strongest associations were between attachmentanxiety and “uncontrollability and danger” and “need to control thoughts” subscales of the MCQ-30. Only metacognition was predictive of current mood and distress levels. Conclusions: The results of this study show that people with BPD report high attachment-avoidance and attachment-anxiety in their relationships, relative to a non-BPD, depressed comparison group. These findings are consistent with the existing literature regarding the profile of attachment in BPD. This study also found that people with BPD also have more maladaptive metacognitions than people with symptoms of depression. An association between self-reported adult attachment style and maladaptive metacognitiion was demonstrated in the present study. Maladaptive metacognitive strategies and beliefs potentially contribute to maintenance of depressed and anxious mood, as well as broader symptoms of distress.
6
Reid, Norman. "Interpersonal relationship difficulties in borderline personality disorder." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264651.
Full text
7
Intili, Rita. "Borderline personality disorder and emotion information processing." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3513/.
Full textAbstract:
Interpersonal difficulties, including problems in forming and maintaining relationships, figure prominently in Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). This paper addresses whether vulnerability to troubled interpersonal relationships in BPD may be related to biases in processing emotionally salient information. It considers the predictions that prominent models of BPD would make in terms of processing emotional information and it surveys the literature to establish whether BPD individuals are characterised by an attention bias, an interpretation bias, a memory bias, or all three. Taken together, the evidence suggests that BPD individuals preferentially attend to emotionally threatening information, but whether this is the result of hypervigilance towards threat, difficulty shifting attention away from threat, or both, is unclear since there is some ambiguity surrounding the methods employed. The range of studies examining an interpretation bias suggests that BPD individuals tend to appraise and interpret others as rejecting when the emotional information is ambiguous. Research on memory bias is still young and the findings too inconsistent to draw conclusions. The methodological limitations across the studies are considered and suggestions for further lines of enquiry are made. Establishing whether processing biases are associated with BPD is important as it may lead to a better understanding of what fuels unstable interpersonal relations. Cognitive biases may also provide clues that refine assessment and treatment.
8
White, Lauren. "Borderline personality disorder : a personal construct approach." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/14439.
Full textAbstract:
In 2003, Winter, Watson, Gillman-Smith, Gilbert and Acton criticised the DSM-IV’s psychiatric conceptualisation of BPD, proposing a set of alternative descriptions based on Kelly’s (1955) Personal Construct Psychology (PCP) and diagnostic constructs. According to Winter et al. (2003), PCP offers not only a less “pre-emptive” stance towards BPD but is more clinically useful given its intrinsic implications for treatment. This correlational research study aimed to determine whether BPD symptomatology is associated with these proposed characteristics of construing. In addition, it was hypothesised that those with a belief that BPD was a part of their identity and untreatable would display higher levels of hopelessness. Ten participants with an existing diagnosis of BPD completed the following measures: a) Personal Construct Inventory (PCI; Chambers & O’Day, 1984); b) Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, Third Edition, (MCMI-III, Millon, 1994); and c) Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS; Beck & Steer, 1988). Participants were also asked to complete a repertory grid and a Likert Scale indicating the extent of their belief that: a) BPD is an intrinsic part of them; and b) BPD is a treatable condition. Two of the participants are presented as case examples. The most significant finding related to the hypothesis that greater BPD symptomatology would be associated with a higher degree of change in self-construction over time (‘slot-rattling’). Contrary to our prediction, similarity of construing of the elements ‘Me Now’ and ‘Me in the Past’ was correlated with greater BPD symptomatology. This may indicate a belief among participants that they are unable to change or may represent Kellian hostility. Construing one’s mother and father similarly to one’s therapist was associated with greater BPD symptomatology, as was construing one’s father and partner similarly, suggesting, as hypothesised, that those diagnosed with BPD tend to construe current relationships in the same terms as early relationships. Pre-emptive construing and poorly elaborated self-construction were also found to be associated with increased BPD symptoms as predicted. Content analyses performed on elicited constructs revealed that emotion regulation is the most salient area for participants. While the majority of participants considered that BPD was a part of their identity, most were uncertain as to whether BPD is treatable although these findings were not significantly correlated with levels of hopelessness. Participants’ feedback about their experiences of being diagnosed with BPD raises important ethical questions. Further hypotheses are generated based on the study findings and suggestions are made for a revision of the way in which psychological distress is conceptualized, with a particular emphasis on the utility of the PCP approach towards BPD. Clinical implications, limitations of the study and possibilities for further research are discussed.
9
White, Elliott P. "Social cognition skills in borderline personality disorder." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2014. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/12836/.
Full textAbstract:
Section A reviewed 18 empirical behavioural studies on empathy and mental state inference (MSI) skills in those meeting Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) criteria. The review was situated within Mentalization theory (MBT), which posits a central link between such skills and complex needs presentation. Firm conclusions about BPD mentalization skills are difficult as deficits, enhanced abilities and no differences from non-patients are reported. None of the reviewed papers stimulated attachment system arousal, as warranted by mentalization theory. Economic game research was highlighted as offering value in assessing self-directed mentalization, an under-researched area. Section B sought to test MBT and other model’s claim that empathy and Mental State inference (MSI) skills are differentially degraded in Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). 27 people meeting BPD criteria and a matched non-patient group had empathy assessed with the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task and MSI assessed with a modified economic game. This was done before and after a novel attachment system intervention. Empathy skills were less accurate in the BPD group. Other findings including game behaviour, fairness ratings and a social cue selective prioritisation in non-patients only are discussed. The theoretical links and suggestions for clinical innovation and research development are provided.
10
Sinclair, H. E. "Trait emotional intelligence and borderline personality disorder." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/855096/.
Full textAbstract:
Part 1: The Literature Review explores the association between Trait Emotional Intelligence (TEl) and emotion regulation (ER). Twenty-four studies met the review's inclusion criteria and their contributions to the TEl and ER literature are discussed. The studies suggest that high TEl is linked with a greater sensitivity to emotional information and enhanced ER ability. The review concludes that TEl may be an interesting and important concept for further investigation, especially in populations with ER difficulties. Part 2: The Empirical Paper explores the associations between TEl, ER difficulties, and mindfulness ability in those with and without a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). TEl, ER difficulty, and mindfulness scores were found to be correlated for the entire sample. Individuals with a diagnosis of BPD reported statistically significantly lower TEl, greater difficulties in ER and reduced mindfulness skills compared to the Non-Clinical sample. The research and clinical implications of the study, along with its limitations, are discussed. Part 3: The Critical Appraisal reflects on the personal motivations for the research. In addition, process issues which arose from the research are discussed. Finally, in reference to the clinical implications of the study, further areas for investigation are considered and recommendations made.
11
Rizvi, Shireen L. "Treatment of shame in borderline personality disorder /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9125.
Full text
12
Davis, Jeffrey Jay 1955. "Borderline personality disorder and Jungian psychological types." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278029.
Full textAbstract:
Twenty-one individuals diagnosed as having borderline personality disorder were studied to determine Jungian psychological type. All respondents were recruited through therapists working in the Tucson, Arizona area. Therapists were employed in both private and public mental health care sectors. The respondents were largely female (N = 19) white, and non-married. Due to the large percentage of females, only the female portion of the sample was used for comparison with other, all female populations. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, Form F was used to determine psychological type. Respondents showed a higher incidence of introverted and intuitive types when compared to groups representing the general population. Compared to groups representing inpatient psychiatric populations, the study sample showed a larger incidence of intuitive types.
13
Stinson, Jill D., and Brittany V. Williams. "Redefining Borderline Personality Disorder: BPD, DSM-v, and Emotion Regulation Disorders." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7970.
Full text
14
Engen, Lene. "Co-occuriring borderline personality disorder and substance abuse." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Psykologisk institutt, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-15865.
Full text
15
Hennigar, Sandra Ann. "Experiences of women living with borderline personality disorder." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0002/MQ36466.pdf.
Full text
16
Berlin, Heather. "Impulsivity, the orbitofrontal cortex and borderline personality disorder." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:df454308-aea1-448a-9237-83735452947f.
Full textAbstract:
Damage to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) has been associated with disinhibited or socially inappropriate behaviour and emotional irregularities in both humans and monkeys. Prominent characteristics of several personality disorder syndromes, in particular Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), are impulsivity and affective instability. This investigation aimed to determine if certain aspects of the Borderline Personality syndrome, in particular impulsivity, are associated with OFC dysfunction. Basic questionnaires of personality, emotion, and impulsivity together with tasks sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction that assess possible factors related to impulsivity, including time perception, sensitivity to reinforcers, and spatial working memory (SWM), were administered to OFC lesion, BPD, non-OFC prefrontal cortex lesion control, and normal control participants. OFC and BPD patients performed similarly, in that they were more impulsive, reported more inappropriate behaviours, BPD traits, anger, and less happiness than both control groups. They were also less open to experience and had a faster perception of time (in terms of time production) than normal controls. They performed differently on other tasks: BPD patients were less extraverted and conscientious and more neurotic and emotional than all other groups. OFC patients had more severe deficits in reversing stimulus-reinforcer associations compared to all other groups and had a faster perception of time (in terms of time estimation) than normal controls. Both OFC and non-OFC lesion patients had mixed lesions that included dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLFC) damage. Accordingly, they both had SWM deficits, a task used to control for DLFC damage, compared to normal and BPD participants. Since BPD participants were not impaired on this task and non-OFC patients did not perform poorly on the same tests that OFC patients did, the neuropsychological deficits of BPD and OFC patients could not be attributed to SWM deficits or DLFC dysfunction. The findings suggest that some of the cognitive/behavioural deficits commonly found in BPD patients are related to OFC dysfunction while others are unrelated and are perhaps related to other brain systems. The possibility of amygdala dysfunction is discussed. The similarities and dissociations found between BPD and OFC patients on certain tasks may lead to a better understanding of the aetiology of BPD and the functions of the OFC. Theoretical and therapeutic implications of the findings are discussed.
17
Sadie, C. "Childhood experiences of men with borderline personality disorder." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446805/.
Full textAbstract:
Borderline personality disorder is a severe, psychologically and socially debilitating condition that tends to develop in people who have experienced multiple forms of adversity in their early lives. For a variety of reasons, most research into the aetiology of the disorder has focused on women. This research seeks to explore potential aetiological factors among men. There is evidence that known risk factors for BPD differ in incidence between men and women, and that responses to and interpretations of such experiences may also differ by gender. It is possible, then, that BPD may develop along different pathways for men and women, or may act on different vulnerabilities. These differences may be clinically significant, and could influence the way in which therapeutic interventions are conceptualised and delivered. The first section, a review paper, describes and critiques the existing research into risk factors for BPD, including aspects of childhood maltreatment and neurobiological markers of the disorder. It examines the literature on gender and BPD, exploring explanations for the apparent rarity of men in research and clinical settings. The review then evaluates the existing research specifically regarding men with BPD, and makes a case for a more inclusive programme of research, incorporating a consideration of gender-specific risk factors. The second section, an empirical paper, presents an analysis of the responses of 30 men, 19 meeting criteria for BPD and 11 forming a psychiatric control group, to questions exploring their childhood experiences of abuse, neglect and adversity, and their current symptomatology. Characteristics of the BPD group were described, and hypotheses regarding the nature and severity of experiences of maltreatment between the BPD and non-BPD group were tested. Then, the findings of this study were compared with those of two recent similar studies. Finally, the paper discusses the theoretical and clinical implications of the results, appraises their validity, and makes suggestions for further investigation. Third, a critical appraisal reflects on several salient issues in some depth. It examines criteria for BPD in the light of gender differences and patterns of responding in this study, and explores the validity of the diagnosis for men. Methodological debates regarding the use of retrospective data collection are detailed and the decisions made in the current study discussed. Finally, some observations are made regarding the research process, noting challenges endemic in research in this area, and specific points of learning.
18
Nicol, Katie. "Social and emotional processing in borderline personality disorder." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19537.
Full textAbstract:
Objective Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a common and serious mental illness, associated with severe emotional dysregulation, a high risk of suicide and self-harm. Those with a diagnosis of BPD often display difficulties with social interaction, making daily life problematic, and sufferers can struggle to form and maintain interpersonal relationships. Childhood trauma is believed to contribute to the development of BPD, however the mechanism by which childhood trauma increases risk for specific symptoms of the disorder is not well understood. Here, we investigate the ability of participants with a diagnosis of BPD to make social judgements and recognise emotions from facial stimuli. We also explore the relationship between childhood trauma, brain structure, and brain activation in response to emotional stimuli. Methods Individuals with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder, as well as matched healthy controls, were recruited to take part in a neuropsychology study of emotion recognition and social judgement from faces. Participants also underwent a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, during which data was collected for analysis of brain structure, and brain function in response to emotional faces. In addition, all participants completed a structured clinical interview and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Results Individuals with a diagnosis of BPD were less well able to correctly identify facial emotions than healthy control participants (p < 0.001), with a particular deficit in the recognition of disgust (p = 0.001). Those with BPD also had difficulty making appropriate social judgements about others from their faces, and between group differences were greatest for judgements of approachability (p = 0.004) and trustworthiness (p = 0.014). Significant correlations were identified between CTQ scores and performance on both tasks in the BPD group. Although no structural brain differences were noted between the BPD group and healthy controls, we found that brain activation correlated to childhood trauma in midbrain, pulvinar and medial frontal gyrus to fearful (versus neutral) faces. There was a significant association between incidence of abuse in childhood and psychotic symptoms in adulthood. In addition, there was a significant correlation between midbrain activation and reported psychotic symptoms in the BPD group, suggesting a potential relationship between childhood trauma, midbrain activity and the development of psychotic symptoms in those with a diagnosis of BPD. Conclusion Abuse in childhood is associated with impaired social and emotional function, as well as increased activation of a network of brain regions in response to emotional stimuli in BPD. Brain abnormalities in BPD appear to be confined to functional activation changes, rather than structural changes, in regions associated with emotional and social information processing. In addition, childhood trauma is correlated with increased psychotic symptoms in adulthood. These results provide striking evidence for the involvement of childhood adversity in the development of symptoms of BPD, and suggest a possible mechanism by which psychotic symptoms may occur.
19
Perrin, Jennifer. "New mentalization-based therapy for borderline personality disorder." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20945.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is characterised by deficits in affect and impulse regulation, along with interpersonal difficulties (Lieb et al., 2004). It is thought to develop through a complex relationship between adverse childhood events, such as childhood abuse and genetics. A recent developmental model of BPD and one that is gaining popularity focuses on mentalization. Following their exposition of the mentalizing model of BPD, Bateman and Fonagy developed the Mentalization Based Treatment (MBT) intervention for BPD (Bateman & Fonagy 2006). This intervention includes both group and individual therapy with the focus on the patient’s relationship with the therapist and other members of the group. Promising evidence that MBT interventions are effective for treating symptoms of BPD is beginning to emerge. Methods: First a systematic review examining the prevalence of childhood abuse in BPD patients was conducted. Second, an empirical study of the efficacy of a group-only adaptation of the MBT intervention for BPD, delivered in a routine health service setting. Finally, planned exploratory analyses were conducted in order to ascertain what factors might predict group completion. Results: The results of the systematic review suggested that that emotional abuse (mean prevalence 63%) and emotional neglect (mean prevalence 63.1%) are the most common forms of abuse reported by this population followed by physical neglect (mean prevalence 40.89%) , sexual abuse (mean prevalence 36.9%) and physical abuse (mean prevalence 32.49%). The results of the second study revealed that the HUB is an acceptable treatment to participants, with indicators of treatment efficacy in relation to reducing overall psychiatric symptoms along with specific symptoms including interpersonal sensitivities, depression, phobic anxiety and paranoid ideation. Finally, exploratory analyses suggested that patients who were older and with less histrionic symptoms (as defined by the Personality Disorder Questionnaire-4) were more likely to complete the HUB. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that a group-only MBT intervention displays promising effectiveness in treating core symptoms of BPD and is acceptable to patients. Further it suggests that group-only MBT interventions are worth continued investigation both into their efficacies and the potential efficiencies associated a group-based intervention.
20
Pizarro-Campagna, Elizabeth. "Socioemotional functioning in youth with borderline personality disorder." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2019. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/af0ba03c5924497d67026f4989923e109291eb65dec285af558dafd646538ea7/8874463/Socioemotional_functioning_in_youth_with_borderline_personality_d_1.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis makes an original contribution to our understanding of socioemotional functioning in borderline personality disorder (BPD) by critically examining social cognition and emotion regulation BPD research from a developmental perspective. It also extends on previous research, making a novel and important contribution to our understanding of sociocognitive functioning and emotion regulation ability in youth with first presentation BPD. This was achieved via two critical narrative reviews of the existing literature and two empirical studies, which examined aspects of social cognition and emotion regulation considered key to interpersonal functioning in BPD. The empirical studies assessed, 1) unconscious simulation processes, a key aspect of affective empathy, and 2) the application of two emotion regulation strategies, expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal, in the regulation of negative and positive affect, in a standard laboratory context, as well as in the context of social rejection. The reviews demonstrated that despite their shared diagnosis, important differences between young people and adults with BPD, in terms of their sociocognitive functioning and emotion regulation abilities, are evident. Future research and reviews should avoid conflating developmental age and stage of disorder. Instead, these processes, which are central to interpersonal functioning, need to be better understood over the course of BPD, especially early in its course. The empirical studies demonstrated that socioemotional functioning in youth with first presentation BPD is not uniformly affected. Specifically, rapid facial mimicry was unimpaired, contradicting predictions that heightened unconscious motor mimicry leads to heightened emotional contagion, and associated emotion regulation difficulties. Future research is needed to determine whether this finding also holds true for adults and young people later in the course of the disorder. Future research should also explore other factors that might lead to heightened emotional contagion and associated emotion regulation difficulties in BPD. Emotion regulation ability was largely preserved in youth with first presentation BPD, and functioning was mostly similar to that of typically developing young people. Specifically, for the most part, they could apply expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal, to regulate both positive and negative affect (felt subjectively and expressed behaviourally), in a standard laboratory context and in the context of social rejection, with similar effectiveness to that of healthy youth. However, youth with first presentation BPD were not only unable to apply cognitive reappraisal to regulate the behavioural expression of negative emotions in the context of social rejection, but its application in this context intensified their facial expression of negative affect. They also demonstrated a pattern of pervasively blunted positive affect, relative to healthy youth, across indices and contexts. Further research is needed to better understand whether the effectiveness of cognitive reappraisal can be improved in this context, or whether it is contraindicated. Given that social rejection is commonly experienced by this group, and given the common application of cognitive strategies in therapy, future research is clearly needed to better understand the effectiveness and consequences of this, and alternative strategies, for use in the context of social rejection by youth with first presentation BPD. Finally, while positive affect has often been neglected in BPD research, the evident pervasive blunting clearly needs greater research and clinical attention in this group.
21
Jones, Rebecca. "Borderline personality disorder : clinical outcomes and personal recovery." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2014. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2005900/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis focuses on outcomes and recovery from a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD). It comprises two distinct journal papers, namely a systematic literature review and an empirical paper.
22
Thompson, E. "Exploring empathy and attachment in Borderline Personality Disorder." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1448855/.
Full textAbstract:
Aim: The aim of the present literature review was to explore whether empathy can be reliably measured in adults. After a review of current empathy measures, the focus was on the strengths and weaknesses of two empathy measures in particular; the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and the Empathy Quotient (EQ). They were analysed in regards to validity, reliability, and clinical administration. Method A literature search was conducted focusing on measures of empathy, specifically the use of the IRI and the EQ, within adult populations. Additional literature limitations included a focus on articles from the years 1980 to 2014, within peer-reviewed journals, and focusing on tests and measures. Results An initial 198 references were identified. After an abstract search, 29 references were considered possible candidates for review. After a quality appraisal of the articles, 14 references were finalised for review. Conclusions The analyses of the psychometrics of the EQ and IRI were explored, and both have evidence of good validity, reliability and ease of utility. The IRI has less evidence of validity within clinical populations, whereas the EQ was designed for this purpose and shows strong construct, discriminant and convergent validity, and strong test-retest reliability among various cultures and clinical populations.
23
Magni, Laura Rosa <1982>. "Prometeo: Project on Metacognition in Borderline Personality Disorder." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7312/1/magni_laurarosa_tesi.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is characterized by Metacognition/Mentalization deficits and Emotion Dysregulation (ED). BPD’s first-choice treatment is psychotherapy, but a comprehensive model has not yet been formulated, consequently also treatments result controversial.
Study 1:
Aims: to examine the relationships between Metacognitive Functions and ED and other clinical features in a BPD sample.
Methods: Seventy patients were assessed for the inclusion and 45 BPD patients were included. Metacognitive functions were evaluated with Metacognition Assessment Interview (MAI). Specific self-reports measured respectively: ED (Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, DERS), Alexithymia (Toronto Alexithymia Scale, TAS), Impulsiveness (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, BIS), Mood (Beck Depression Inventory; BDI), Interpersonal Sensitivity (Inventory of Interpersonal Problems, IIP) and general psychopathology (Global Severity Index (GSI) of SCL-90).
A Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used to evaluate the relations between variables.
Results: SEM showed that TAS score resulted a mediator between MAI total score and DERS score and DERS significantly predicted BIS, BDI, IIP and GSI scores.
Conclusions: The general level of psychopathology and the other clinical variables seemed directly linked to ED. ED didn’t seem to correlate directly to Metacognition, but indirectly through Alexithymia.
Study 2:
Aims: to compare the effect of 1-year Metacognitive Interpersonal Therapy (MIT) and Mentalization Based Therapy (MBT) vs TAU (Treatment as usual) on Metacognition functions, ED and other clinical features in a BPD sample.
Methods: Forty-five patients were divided in 3 groups: MIT (N=14), MBT (N=16) and TAU (N=15). MAI scores were the primary outcome, DERS, TAS, BIS, BDI, IIP and GSI of SCL-90 scores were the secondary outcomes.
Linear Mixed model were used for the longitudinal evaluation of the results.
Results: MAI total score improve in both experimental groups. Secondary outcomes improved, but the effect wasn’t statistically significant.
Conclusions: Differentiation and Integration played a central role both in MIT and MBT.
24
Theunissen, Chris. "A multidimensional developmental neuropsychological model of borderline personality disorder (BPD) : examining evidence for impairments in 'executive function' /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20050602.162509.
Full text
25
Wolfendale-Smith, Philippa. "Views of the borderline personality disorder diagnosis : service-users' and professionals' views of the borderline personality disorder diagnosis : a Q-methodological study." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2016. http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/2638/.
Full textAbstract:
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a contentious diagnosis due in part to the abstract nature of personality, as well as the controversies surrounding the current classification systems. Individuals with this diagnosis make up a significant proportion of mental health services, but what the label means to people is unclear. The first paper is a literature review about recovery from BPD, distinct from the process of remission. Ten papers were included, and the range of themes synthesised into an overview about recovery. The second, empirical, paper examined service-users’ and professionals’ perspectives of the BPD diagnosis. Q methodology was selected to gather an appreciation and objective understanding of subjective beliefs about recovery, treatment and stigma. This will identify the key factors underpinning these perspectives. The following factors were found: ‘Stigma, Internalisation and Social Construction’; ‘Essentialism, Acceptance and Compassion’; and, ‘Change, Externalisation and Shared Understandings.’ The personal meanings attributed to the BPD diagnosis are important and, to respect the subjectivity and idiosyncrasies of people who may meet the criteria for this diagnosis, should be explored before the diagnosis is made. The third paper is a reflective piece about the overall research process.
26
Quigley, Brian David. "Diagnostic relapse in Borderline Personality Disorder: risk and protective factors." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1237.
Full textAbstract:
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is one of the more common personality disorder diagnoses observed in psychiatric inpatients and outpatients. Previous studies have found that individuals with BPD may be expected to experience difficulties throughout their lifetimes and they may repeatedly return for psychological treatment. Whereas previous studies have attempted to identify various factors related to relapse in other chronically recurring disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, and substance abuse, studies examining factors associated with relapse in BPD, and personality disorders in general, are absent from the scientific literature. This exploratory study examined whether specific risk and protective factors (dynamic and/or static) identified from the general relapse literature were associated with diagnostic relapse in BPD. Results revealed that variables related to an increased likelihood for BPD relapse included: substance abuse or Major Depressive Disorder, higher Neuroticism, and lower Conscientiousness. In addition, having a steady work or school status after remission was found to protect against a BPD relapse in the presence of various risk factors. Although this study has several limitations, these results provide some of the first insights to the processes of relapse and continued remission in BPD patients. Continued research efforts in this area can help to identify individuals who are at a greater risk for BPD relapse and potentially to design effective relapse-prevention strategies for the treatment of BPD.
27
Taha, Ai Yun. "Exploring functional connectivity across borderline personality disorder, post traumatic stress disorder and dissociative disorder." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1471093/.
Full textAbstract:
The overall focus of this thesis relates to resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) of the default mode network (DMN) in borderline personality disorder (BPD), post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dissociative disorders. Part one of the thesis systematically reviewed 19 studies investigating RSFC of the DMN in PTSD, BPD and dissociative disorders to establish the value of DMN in understanding the three psychopathology. Current research suggests that RSFC of the DMN is distinct when comparing participants with PTSD, participants with PTSD co-morbid with MDD, and healthy controls. In addition, studies also showed that RSFC of the DMN was associated with PTSD severity and trauma experiences. In terms of BPD, findings seem to indicate the presence of aberrant RSFC of the DMN when compared to healthy controls and bipolar disorder. However, in order to interpret these results, it is essential to consider the potential influence of co-morbid MDD. As there was only one research investigating dissociative disorder, it is premature to conclude if RSFC of the DMN is atypical in this disorder. Overall, the reviewed studies seems to indicate that the value of the DMN in understanding psychopathology is strongest in PTSD but lacking in BPD and dissociative disorder. Part one concludes by addressing current limitations and implications for future research. Part two presents an empirical study investigating RSFC of the DMN in participants with BPD and healthy controls. In order to further elucidate the associations with indices of core symptomatology, self-reports measures pertaining to dissociation, trauma, emotional dysregulation, general clinical symptomatology and personality psychopathology were also administered. The findings suggest that BPD participants display higher RSFC between core brain regions. However, as only one of the obtained finding remained significant after correcting for multiple comparisons, the results should be interpreted cautiously. Additionally, higher RSFC in BPD participants were also associated with higher self-reported trauma experiences, dissociation and general clinical symptomatology. Similarly, these results did not survive correction for multiple comparisons and hence should be further investigated in future studies. This section concluded by discussing implications of these findings and limitations of the current study. Part three provided a critical appraisal of the entire research process. Firstly, it considers the implications of the current study, namely the influence on therapeutic approaches, our understanding of BPD, PTSD and dissociation, reflections on the wider issues in neuroimaging studies and in BPD research. This is then followed by a discussion of the challenges and opportunities in research investigating multiple constructs. Lastly, whilst acknowledging the limitations of neuroimaging, the critical appraisal also put forth suggestions aimed at maximizing clinical utility of neuroimaging findings.
28
Kirkpatrick, Timothy. "The neuropsychology of borderline personality disorder in serious offenders." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669751.
Full text
29
Bosch, Louisa Maria Clementina van den. "Borderline personality disorder, substance abuse, and dialectical behavior therapy." [Lisse : Amsterdam : Swets & Zeitlinger] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2003. http://dare.uva.nl/document/67403.
Full text
30
Searle, Yvonne. "Multi-impulsive bulimia : a variant of borderline personality disorder?" Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297044.
Full text
31
Sato, Momoko. "Interpersonal hypersensitivity and social cognition in borderline personality disorder." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10060727/.
Full textAbstract:
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious psychiatric condition, which is characterised by interpersonal difficulties, intense fears of abandonment, affective instabilities, and impulsivity. The current research investigated some key mechanisms underlying hypersensitivity to social threats in individuals with BPD traits from developmental, cognitive, and interpersonal perspectives using a multimethod approach. Study 1, using self-report measurements, found that developmental factors including attachment anxiety and self-criticism mediated and moderated the association between rejection sensitivity and BPD features (n = 256). Study 2, using the similar methodological approach, found that intolerance of ambiguity and effortful control mediated and moderated the association between rejection sensitivity and BPD features (n = 256). Study 3 examined the impact of the activation of the attachment system on learning among people with BPD features (n = 96) using the Go/No-go paradigm. Study 4 investigated the impact of ambiguous social interactions on effortful control and mentalizing using a behavioural paradigm (n = 42). Study 5 examined the effect of expectation violation and social rejection, manipulated by the Cyberball paradigm, on effortful control and mentalizing in non-clinical participants (n = 123). Study 6 examined the effect of inclusive and exclusive social interactions, manipulated by the Cyberball paradigm, on mentalizing in BPD patients (n = 22) compared to healthy individuals (n = 28). Overall, results indicate that possible maladaptive coping strategies (anxious attachment, self-criticism) may be developed in response to heightened rejection sensitivity among individuals with BPD features. Furthermore, social cues perceived as threats (ambiguity, social interactions) may 4 activate the attachment system and impair various cognitive functions including contingency learning, effortful control and mentalizing among individuals with BPD symptoms. Future studies are needed to replicate the current findings and examine the impact of negative emotional arousal in response to interpersonal threats on cognitive capacities in larger non-clinical and clinical BPD populations.
32
Geyer, Connie. "An exploration of change and 'borderline personality disorder (BPD)'." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2013. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/12456/.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to explore personal experiences of change of people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) who had partaken in psychological therapy. The aim was to develop the first model of change grounded in service user experience so that this could inform recovery-oriented practice in relation to this client group. A constructivist grounded theory design was chosen. Eight people with a diagnosis of BPD who had completed group-based therapy programmes or were currently attending a peer support group were interviewed about their experiences of change using a semi-structured, open-ended format. An initial model was developed and refined through triangulation with three published accounts of experiences of change in the context of a BPD diagnosis. ‘Discovering “new ways of being” in interpersonal space’ was conceptualised as the core process underpinning pertinent activities and experiences relating to change in people diagnosed with BPD. This interactive, relational process was facilitated in environments that were felt to be both containing and open to conflict. It involved increasing levels of self-disclosure, information exchange, exploration of mental states, experimentation with new behaviours and the consolidation of new ways of being. The core process appeared to extend beyond the therapeutic setting if supported through a relationship with a secure base. Regardless of therapeutic allegiance, effective interventions for people diagnosed with BPD might share a common core change process. Further research is required into change processes in the context of individual psychological therapies and negative therapeutic experiences.
33
Maddox, Corey J. "Borderline Personality Disorder: How Various Stressors Impact Rumination Tendencies." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1462884900.
Full text
34
DeSoto, Mary Catherine. "Symptoms of borderline personality disorder and levels of estrogen /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3025615.
Full text
35
Jones, Bethan Amanda. "The relationship between autobiographical memory and Borderline Personality Disorder." Thesis, Bangor University, 1998. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-relationship-between-autobiographical-memory-and-borderline-personality-disorder(fd94974b-5cdd-434f-9943-b3a846eb21c1).html.
Full textAbstract:
Previous research has shown that people who are depressed, have recently attempted suicide or experienced childhood sexual abuse have difficulties recalling specific autobiographical events from memory. This overgeneral memory bias has been found for both negative and positive events and has been found to be a maladaptive cognitive style. The present study is an investigation of autobiographical memory retrieval in people diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder, a disorder which has para-suicidal behaviour as one of its diagnostic criterion. The BPD group (n = 23) was compared with a control group (n = 23) on i) a measure for autobiographical memory retrieval, ii) various measures of mood, iii) a dissociative experiences scale and iv) frequency of para-suicidal incidents. In line with hypotheses, results indicated that the subject group produced significantly more overgeneral autobiographical memories than the control group. This memory bias remained for positive and negative events when depression was statistically controlled. No differences were found between the two groups on autobiographical memory for neutral events when depression was statistically controlled. Analysis indicated that dissociation positively correlated with overgeneral autobiographical memory and that both depression and anxiety correlated with selfharm. A trend was also found between overgeneral autobiographical memory and self-harm, suggesting that overgeneral memory may function as a defence mechanism, protecting individuals from self-harrrýing behaviour. These results are discussed in relation to the current theories of autobiographical memory and the nature of dissociation in memory disturbance. The importance of assessing Axis I disorders and targeting of mood in clinical practice, to decrease self-harm, is highlighted. The study also highlights the heterogeneous nature of Borderline Personality Disorder. The implications for clinical practice are discussed and guidelines for further research are outlined.
36
Christiansen, Kitt Klitgaard. "The unconscious influences of developmentally arrested symbol formation on the therapeutic relationship with a client diagnosed with borderline personality disorder a Kleinian perspective : this dissertation is submitted to the Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the degree of Masters of Health Science in Psychotherapy, submitted January 2004." Full thesis. Abstract, 2004. http://puka2.aut.ac.nz/ait/theses/ChristiansenK.pdf.
Full text
37
Elphick, Marie-Clair. "Crossing the border : constructions of borderline personality disorder within the South African context: a discourse analytic study." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008307.
Full textAbstract:
This research aims to open up for critical discussion the effects of the discourses employed by mental health professionals in relation to the diagnosis of BPO, with a view of questioning the discursive practices available within a South African context. This discussion will situate identified discourses in relation to the subjects and objects to which it refers in an attempt to identify and interrogate dominant discourses which circulate to oppress and discriminate against female 'others' within the mental health setting. This discussion will serve to challenge mainstream, traditional psychology by questioning the utility of deploying these concepts within a South African context as well as the effects this deployment may have. A discourse analytic methodology is employed to identify the constructions of BPO by five mental health professionals working within a government setting. The analysis aims at interrogating the broader role of the identified discourses in supporting institutions, preserving power relations and transmitting ideological practices. Ultimately the aim of the research is to open up for critical debate, through the example of psychology and psychiatry's treatment of BPO; constituted as 'other', the possibility that there may be deleterious consequences for the wholesale acceptance of traditional psychological understandings by mental health professionals working within a South African context.KMBT_363
Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
38
Jahng, Seungmin. "Analysis of affective instability on ecological momentary assessments data successive difference, variance decomposition, and mean comparison via multilevel modeling /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5077.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on May 11, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.
39
Stockdale, Gary D. "The relationship of dissociation to borderline and schizotypal personality syndromes." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1204200.
Full textAbstract:
Borderline and schizotypal personality constructs were compared as predictors of dissociation for 971 nonclinical university undergraduates who completed 11 self-report behavior inventories. Structural equation modeling and multiple regression were used to (a) test the hypothesis that the quantitative interaction of borderline and schizotypal constructs would be the strongest predictor of dissociation and (b) evaluate each construct alone as well as their additive effect for prediction of dissociation. The interaction hypothesis was rejected; the quantitative interaction was only a substantively trifling and statistically nonsignificant predictor of dissociation. In a commonality analysis, the additive borderline and schizotypal effect was equivalent to schizotypy alone and marginally larger than the borderline effect alone for the prediction of dissociation. However, all three effects separately were substantial predictors; thus, dissociation is an untenable discriminator for the borderline and schizotypal constructs. Finally, when schizotypy was compared directly to the borderline construct such that the common variance was distributed dependent upon comparative predictive power (i.e., beta weights), schizotypy was greatly superior to the borderline construct for dissociative predictability. Consequently, reconsideration of the existing paradigm that dissociation is more strongly associated with the borderline construct than with schizotypy is warranted.Department of Psychological Science
40
Lazarus, Sophie A. "Social network stability in borderline personality disorder: A longitudinal analysis." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1433783752.
Full text
41
Vieth, Angela Z. "Using measures of personality to predict borderline personality traits : a comparison of the SIFFM and the MPQ /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9951132.
Full text
42
au, chris theunissen@health wa gov, and Christopher Theunissen. "A Multidimensional Developmental Neuropsychological Model of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD): Examining Evidence for Impairments in Executive Function." Murdoch University, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20050602.162509.
Full textAbstract:
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a serious psychiatric disorder characterised by turbulent interpersonal relationships, impaired self image, impulsivity, and a recurrent pattern of unstable affect which is usually evident by early adulthood. It has a community prevalence rate of two per cent, and approximately nine per cent of people diagnosed with BPD commit suicide. This suggests that BPD has one of the highest lethality rates of all psychiatric disorders. The course of the disorder shows a steady improvement over the course of early adulthood with the majority of cases remitting by middle age. This positive but incomplete long-term recovery is thought to be a naturalistic outcome that is independent of treatment effect.
The reported study sought to test selected components of a multidimensional developmental neuropsychological model of executive functioning in BPD. The model proposed that BPD is characterised by impairments to four neuropsychological executive functions. These include working memory, response inhibition, affective-attentional bias, and problem-solving. The model further proposed that impaired executive functioning in BPD occurs as a result of the failure of experience-dependent maturation of orbitofrontal structures. These structures are closely associated with the development of the cognitive executive.
The study incorporated a cross-sectional design to analyse data from a BPD group, a Depressed Control Group, and a Medical Control Group. The overall findings of the study returned limited support for the original hypotheses. There was no evidence of deficits in working memory, response-inhibition, or problem-solving. In contrast, the BPD group returned some evidence of deficits in affective-attentional bias.
Therefore, the results suggest that executive functioning remains largely intact in BPD. This also suggests that people with BPD have the working memory resources necessary to facilitate abstract cognition, have the capacity to effectively plan and execute future-oriented acts, and are able to perform appropriate problem-solving functions. These problem-solving returns are also particularly significant because a number of the tasks utilised in the study are known to be associated with so-called frontal-executive function. These unremarkable findings challenge the view that people with BPD might experience some form of subtle neurological impairment associated with frontal-lobe compromise.
The Stroop measure of affective-attentional bias provided the only supportive evidence for the proposed model, and these findings can be accounted for by at least two different explanations. The first suggests that BPD might be characterised by a hypervigilant attentional set. The specific cause of hypervigilance in BPD is unknown, but some candidate factors appear to be the often-reported abuse histories of borderlines, insecure attachment histories, and deficits in parental bonding. The second interpretation suggests that the Stroop findings reflect a form of response conflict in which BPD participants experience difficulties overriding tasks that rely on the enunciation of automatic neural routines.
As a result of these findings, further research on the role of arousal, priming, hypervigilance, and response-conflict in BPD is required. It is likely that the Stroop findings reflect a basic, hard-wired attentional mechanism that consolidates by early adolescence at the latest. As a result, the Stroop findings have implications for both the prevention and treatment of BPD.
A number of prevention strategies could be developed to address the attentional issues identified in the present study. These include assisting children to more effectively regulate arousal and affect, and assisting parents to communicate affectively with children in order to enhance self-regulation. The treatment implications suggest that interventions directed at affective-attentional processes are required, and further suggest the need for new pharmacotherapies and psychological treatments to modify dysfunctional attentional process. Affective neuroscience will have an increasingly important role to play in the understanding of BPD, and the next quarter century is likely to witness exciting advances in understanding this most problematic of disorders.
43
Boggs, Christina Danielle. "Clinical overlap between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder in male veterans." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4367.
Full textAbstract:
The associated features, high rates of comorbidity and chronicity of
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) raise
questions regarding the distinctiveness of the two disorders. The present study expands
upon previous literature by providing an investigation of clinical features across two
groups: PTSD only and comorbid PTSD and BPD in a sample of male veterans (n=178).
Results suggest that the two groups were distinct, with the comorbid group displaying
higher levels of depression, hostility, alcohol use and general psychopathology. Groups
did not differ on rates of personal trauma, adult sexual abuse, childhood sexual abuse,
attack, accident or disaster. The two groups did differ significantly on rates of childhood
violence.
44
Williams, Brittany V., and Jill D. Stinson. "Evidence for the Redefinition of Borderline Personality Disorder as an Emotion Regulation Disorder." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7966.
Full textAbstract:
Recent discussion of proposed changes to the 5th version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders highlighted the struggle to categorize and define the characteristics of persons who present with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). BPD has traditionally been defined as a personality disorder, assuming a distinct trajectory and prognosis that sets it apart from other mood disorder diagnoses. However, early discussion in the development of the DSM-V introduced the possibility of BPD as one of several disorders existing on a shared mood disorder or emotion-regulation disorder spectrum. The final, published DSM-V retained BPD as a personality disorder on a diagnostic spectrum apart from mood or emotion regulation disorders; however, does BPD represent a broader and persistent difficulty with emotion regulation, rather than a disorder of the personality? In the current study, 73 psychiatric inpatients in a state-operated forensic hospital and 428 undergraduate students from a local university were administered the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), as well as the BPD section of the Structured Interview for the Diagnosis of Personality Disorders, DSM-IV version (SIDP-IV). Total and subscale scores on the DERS were correlated with individual symptom ratings from the SIDP-IV Borderline. Results suggest many of the subscales representing different facets of emotion regulation evidenced low to moderate correlations with symptoms of BPD. The subscales of the DERS least associated with symptoms and diagnosis of BPD are those that emphasize cognitive regulation of emotional experiences. Thus, it is likely that BPD would fit well within a conceptualization of emotion regulation disorder. Results also suggest some differences between groups, where more overlap between constructs exist for college students rather than psychiatric inpatients, with the least associated constructs are those that emphasize both cognitive and behavioral components of emotional regulation.
45
Friedman-Daugherty, Lana R. "What do borderline's say they want from their therapists." Click here for text online. The Institute of Clinical Social Work Dissertations website, 1998. http://www.icsw.edu/resources/library/dissertations.php.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertation (Ph.D.) -- The Institute for Clinical Social Work, 1998.A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Institute of Clinical Social Work in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
46
Kurz, Barry Frank. "A study of the development of object representation in the treatment of borderline personality disorder." Click here for text online. The Institute of Clinical Social Work Dissertations website, 1992. http://www.icsw.edu/_dissertations/kurz_1992.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertation (Ph.D.) -- The Institute for Clinical Social Work, 1992.A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Institute of Clinical Social Work in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
47
Evans, David Lewis. "Emotion regulation in borderline personality disorder : a multi-method approach." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610461.
Full text
48
Nesci, Julian, and julian nesci@gmail com. "Identification and clinical utility of subgroups of borderline personality disorder." RMIT University. Health Science, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20091022.141342.
Full textAbstract:
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a complex psychiatric condition whose severity is compounded by the heterogeneous psychological functioning of those who suffer from the disorder. This heterogeneity has made the identification of a unified treatment strategy difficult and attempts to resolve this variation within the disorder by investigating subtypes of BPD have been made. However, the clinical utility of this approach has not been examined. The major object of this research project was to investigate the presence of subtypes of BPD and to examine whether treatment effectiveness varied as a function of subtype. Data from 61, predominantly female, participants with BPD were entered into a cluster analysis. Using variables that are central to cognitive behavioural models of BPD and have been shown to be heterogeneously distributed in previous BPD samples, two subgroups were identified and defined on the basis of whether participants attributed the causes o f negative events as being themselves or other people. Consistent with hypotheses, the subgroup with a tendency to blame others for negative events showed far lower levels of change between admission and discharge than the subgroup who blamed themselves for negative events, on both measures of statistical and clinical significance. Alternate means of identifying participants who optimally responded to the intervention were explored and a cluster analysis identified two groups of participants that were separated on the basis of whether they had shown clinically significant change on a range of variables. It was found that data from admission to the program could successfully predict which participants would belong in the optimal or mixed response groups upon discharge. Taken together, the findings of this research project suggest that not only can theoretically valid subgroups of BPD be identified, but that they have clinical utility in understanding participants' response to intervention. Further, the findi ngs suggest that profiles of clinical change can be identified and predicted. The findings of this research project are discussed with respect to their methodological limitations, suggestions for future research, and their implications for both theory and practice.
49
Giesen-Bloo, Josephine Hubertine. "Crossing borders: theory, assessment and treatment in borderline personality disorder." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2006. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5230.
Full text
50
Sullivan, Margaret L. "The possible effect of borderline personality disorder on matrimonial consent." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1991. http://www.tren.com.
Full text