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Journal articles on the topic 'Border'
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1
Kurki, Tuulikki. "Borders from the Cultural Point of View: An Introduction to Writing at Borders." Culture Unbound 6, no. 6 (December 15, 2014): 1055–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.1461055.
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This introductory article to the special issue Writing at Borders suggests that cultural studies and the humanist point of view have significant explanatory potential concerning various borders and border crossings in multidisciplinary border studies. Cultural and human understandings of borders and border crossings grow from the research of ethnographic particularities on one hand, and of universal and culturally expressed human experiences of borders and border crossings (however culturally expressed) on the other. In this article, this explanatory potential is made visible by examining the history of cultural anthropology, where borders and border crossings have been recognized in research since the late 19th century. The aim of this concise introductory article is to outline through selected examples how territorial, social, and cultural borders and border crossings have been acknowledged and understood conceptually in the history of Anglo-American and European anthropology. The selected examples illustrate the gradual evolution of the conceptualization of the border from a territorially placed boundary and filter, to a semantically constructed, ritualized and performed symbolic border, and finally to a discursive (textual) construction.
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Moyo, Inocent. "On Decolonising Borders and Regional Integration in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) Region." Social Sciences 9, no. 4 (March 25, 2020): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci9040032.
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This paper uses insights gained from a qualitative study of informal cross border actors on selected Southern African Development Community (SADC) borders to argue for the decolonisation of these borders. It is asserted that, although SADC citizens enjoy a 90-day free visa in member states, this should not be simplistically taken to mean that there are “open borders” and free movement of persons in region. The recognition that a border “open” to formal actors may be closed to informal cross border actors based on issues of power and class is the foundation for the decolonisation of these borders, a process which should articulate to the regional integration project in the region. Such a decolonisation of borders should recognise in policy and/or border management regimes all cross-border actors, especially non-state actors, who are criminalized and rendered invisible through cross border discourses and policies. This point is worth emphasizing, because most people who cross African borders may not be the formal actors such as multinational corporations (MNCs) and/or their proxies who are favoured by cross border policies, but ordinary people such as informal cross border traders and border citizens, who need decolonised borders for them to enjoy freedom of movement, rather than being depoliticized and relegated to the subaltern who cannot speak, let alone move.
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Dupeyron, Bruno. "Perspectives on Mercosur borders and border spaces: Implications for border theories." Journal of Borderlands Studies 24, no. 3 (September 2009): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08865655.2009.9695739.
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Evangelou, Angelos. "Dogs and the Politics of Il|legal Border-Crossing: Suad Amiry’s Sharon and My Mother-in-Law and Marios Piperides’s Smuggling Hendrix." Comparative Literature Studies 60, no. 1 (February 2023): 123–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/complitstudies.60.1.0123.
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ABSTRACT This article merges border and animal studies through a comparative study of Suad Amiry’s memoir Sharon and My Mother-in-Law: Ramallah Diaries (2005, Palestine) and Marios Piperides’s film Smuggling Hendrix (2018, Cyprus). Engaging with the concepts of border aesthetics, border logic, and border law, the article draws attention to the function of animal characters (dogs) and illustrates their becoming platforms of anti-border politics. Both narratives explore the difference between human and animal experiences of borders and border-crossing, and through the fictionalized adventures of Nura and Jimi render borders simultaneously penetrable and comical. Their ability to legally or illegally cross the same borders their human owners are confronted with equips authors with ample opportunity for sharp political critique, largely invested in exposing the absurdity borders generate. Assigning these dogs with different legal statuses (Nura has a passport and crosses the border legally while Jimi crosses underground), Amiry and Piperides scrutinize the association between illegal border-crossing and resistance, demonstrating how it is only the contestation of border law which alone undermines border logic. The article thus exposes the complex tension between the political gain produced by the politicization of these animals vis-à-vis their becoming border-crossers, and the implications of this gesture for animals.
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Aos Y. Firdaus and Harun Umar. "Indonesia-Malaysia Border Conflict." SIASAT 7, no. 2 (April 19, 2022): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/siasat.v7i2.121.
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Border management is seen as less than optimal and integrated, especially on the Indonesia-Malaysia border. There are border areas that are still unfinished, starting from Sebatik, Nunukan, Sanggau, and Entikong. Nine points need to be resolved to strengthen the legitimacy of the borders of each country. The difficulty is that Malaysia and Indonesia have very close borders. The research question raised in this study is how to regulate legal and political policies in determining borders according to international law and managing the Indonesia-Malaysia land border area. The theory used in this research is the concept of borders and international law. This study uses a qualitative method and comprehensively describes the Indonesia-Malaysia border conflict resolution. The findings obtained from the study are that Indonesia, as a sizeable sovereign country, must continue to strive to resolve border conflicts so as not to disrupt relations between the two countries.
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Birch, Julian. "Border Disputes and Disputed Borders: Border Disputes and Disputed Borders in the Soviet Federal System." Nationalities Papers 15, no. 1 (1987): 43–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905998708408044.
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While the national question in the USSR has received much attention in terms both of the regime's ideological approach to it and the nationalist response to that approach, the issue of the actual minority territories created in the period from the 1920s to the 1940s has attracted little attention in recent times. Disputes over the external frontier aspects of some of these territories have certainly become familiar, as in the case of the Baltic states and Moldavia, but it is less widely appreciated that disputed borders were created, and continue to exist, within the USSR itself. A number of factors may account for this. In the first place, frequent disdain has been shown in Western emigre writings toward the very relevance of the Soviet federal system and its division of the country into units based either on ethnic composition or on administratively convenient populations. So readily have these divisions been bypassed by the Communist Party's own organization, the KGB, the military, the economic planning organs, major industrial enterprises and combines, and, increasingly, the legal apparatus, that it seemed legitimate to accord the system little import. Then again, with the passage of time, it has come to be taken almost for granted that such boundaries as have been established are correctly and irrevocably drawn to delineate the peoples therein. Finally, it has often been assumed, not least by Soviet officialdom itself, that the borders are destined to prove more and more irrelevant in an era of increasing personal mobility, urbanization, industralization, mass communications, and, most especially, of progress toward the goal of full communism. Nevertheless, despite the opportunities afforded by the change of constitution in 1977 to eradicate them, the territorial units remain, along with the problems they create, many now of longstanding.
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Kotsan, Roman. "Theoretical aspects of state borders formation." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 33-34 (August 25, 2017): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2016.33-34.64-70.
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In the article theoretical problems of state borders formation and functioning are deepened. Essence of the concept «state border» is generalized. The basic principles of international law, which influence the establishment of the state border are studied. Consistent stages of the state border establishment: allocation, delimitation and demarcation are analyzed. It is noted that at all stages of the border formation its contractual and legal registration happens. The influence of external and internal factors on the formation of state borders are investigated. The question of the state border and borderline regime is analyzed. The process of institutionalization of the border is studied.
Keywords: State border, principles, factors, government institutions, border formation
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Bufon, Milan. "Researching Elements of Cross-Border Social Cohesion: the Case of Slovene Border Areas." European Countryside 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/euco-2013-0006.
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AbstractThe article discusses the possibility of “measuring” the intensity of cross-border cohesion and co-dependence on the case of Slovene border areas. It presents first an overview of how geography has studied and interpreted borders, and what an impact had borders on both space and society. The author then analyses both qualitative and quantitative structure of border areas prior to Slovenia’s admission to the Schengen Space and explores recent changes after 2007, when border controls on the major part of his borders where eliminated. These developments produced several spatial and social (re)integration trends that have been detected in the author’s analyses through some comparable research methods and indicators, permitting also to rank Slovenian border sections and individual sub-areas by the intensity and quality of their cross-border cohesion.
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Servatyuk, V., and I. Yablonskyi. "THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING THE STATE BORDER AND ITS PROTECTION." Scientific journal of the National Academy of National Guard "Honor and Law" 1, no. 84 (2023): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33405/2078-7480/2023/1/84/276814.
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In the article, on the basis of the operational experience of the bodies and units of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, armed conflicts, the analysis of scientific and methodological literature and the legal framework, the issues related to the understanding of the state border as an object of the national security system and its protection are investigated. It has been proven that the principle of the inviolability of state borders is a logical continuation of the principle of territorial integrity of states and constitutes one of the most important bases of security. The main content of the principle of inviolability of borders can be reduced to three elements: recognition of existing borders as legally established in accordance with international law; refusal of any territorial encroachments at the moment or in the future; refusal of any other encroachments on these borders. The main content of the principle of the inviolability of the state border is: 1) preventing illegal changes to its line; 2) ensuring compliance with the state border regime and the border regime; 3) countermeasures against the illegal movement of people across the state border, illegal migration, human trafficking, as well as the illegal movement of weapons, narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors, ammunition, explosives, materials and objects prohibited for movement across the state border; 4) cessation of provocations, incidents and conflicts at the state border. Theoretical approaches to the understanding of the state border and its protection have been improved, which consists of following concepts: �state border security�, �state border security sphere�, �state policy in the sphere of state border security�, �crisis situation in the sphere of state border security�.
10
Grimson, Alejandro, and Pablo Vila. "Forgotten Border Actors: the Border Reinforcers. A Comparison Between the U.S.–Mexico Border and South American Borders." Journal of Political Ecology 9, no. 1 (December 1, 2002): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v9i1.21635.
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This article is a critique of two different types of essentialisms that have gained widespread acceptance in places as distant as the U.S.-Mexico border and different Mercosur frontiers. Both essentialisms rely on metaphors that refer to the concept of "union," and put their emphasis on a variety of "sisterhood/brotherhood" tropes and, in particular, the "crossing" metaphor. This kind of stance tends to make invisible the social and cultural conflict that many times characterizes political frontiers. The article wants to reinstall this conflictive dimension. In that regard, we analyze two different case studies. The first is the history of a bridge constructed between Posadas, Argentina and Encarnación, Paraguay. The second is the community reaction toward an operation implemented by the Border Patrolin 1993 ("OperationBlockade") in a border that for many years was considered an exemplar of the "good neighbor relationships" between Mexico and the United States, the frontier between El Paso and Ciudad Juárez. Key Words: U.S.-Mexico border, Operation Blockade, Mercosur frontier, political frontier, Argentina, Paraguay, Mexico, United States, Posadas, El Paso , Encarnación, Ciudad Juárez, Border Patrol.
11
Gibler, Douglas M., and Andrew P. Owsiak. "Democracy and the Settlement of International Borders, 1919 to 2001." Journal of Conflict Resolution 62, no. 9 (May 22, 2017): 1847–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002717708599.
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There is increasing evidence that territorial conflict is associated with centralized and nondemocratic regimes. We explore whether this relationship is due to the facility of democratic regimes to settle their international borders. Using Owsiak’s data set on border settlement processes, we find little evidence that democratic regimes are more likely than other types of regimes to settle their borders. In fact, joint democracy rarely precedes the first border agreement or full settlement of the border, and there is almost no qualitative evidence suggesting a link between democracy and border settlement in the rare instances of successful agreements. Democracies are also not more likely to keep their borders settled or even to be more peaceful during settled-border years. Overall, our findings suggest that border settlements lead to peace in the dyad and affirm a clear temporal sequence of border settlement, then peace and democracy for neighboring dyads.
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Dobler, Gregor. "The green, the grey and the blue: a typology of cross-border trade in Africa." Journal of Modern African Studies 54, no. 1 (February 9, 2016): 145–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x15000993.
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AbstractWhat are the reasons for the extraordinary dynamism of many African border regions? Are there specificities to African borderlands? The article provides answers to these questions by analysing the historical development of African state borders’ social and economic relevance. It presents a typology of cross-border trade in Africa, differentiating trade across the ‘green’ border of bush paths and villages, the ‘grey’ border of roads, railways and border towns, and the ‘blue’ border of transport corridors to oceans and airports. The three groups of actors associated with these types of trade have competing visions of the ideal border regime, to which many dynamics in African cross-border politics can be traced back. The article contributes to African studies by analysing diverging political and economic developments in African countries through the lens of the border, and to border theory by distilling general features of borders and borderlands from African case studies.
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Ihnatsevych, S. P. "State and prospects of development of scientific and technical activity in the field of cross-border cooperation." Science, technologies, innovation, no. 3(27) (2023): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35668/2520-6524-2023-3-03.
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Cross-border cooperation is one of the key elements of economic development in border areas. While governments encourage the development of cross-border cooperation by minimizing the impact of borders on economic processes, in practice, there is no direct connection between the level of border “openness” and the activation of scientific and technical activity in border regions. The nature of this connection is considerably more complex, which is the focus of this article. The article examines the factors influencing the development of cross-border cooperation in general, and scientific and technical activity in particular. It also explores the dimensions of innovation systems in the field of cross-border cooperation. In conclusion, it outlines the prospects for the further development of scientific and technical activity in border areas, taking into account the influence of borders on the effectiveness of cross-border cooperation.
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Remole, Arnulf, Albert S. Y. Ng, Linda L. Bathe, Paul D. Padfield, Marlee M. Spafford, and Mary A. Szymkiw. "Flicker Haloes Observed with Subjective Borders." Perception 14, no. 1 (February 1985): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p140031.
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Subjective borders are known to behave quite similarly to real borders when the stimulus presents fragments of visually meaningful forms. There is less information on whether this also applies to unfamiliar stimulus elements. Thus, if a dark/bright stimulus border is presented intermittently at certain frequencies below flicker fusion, the bright border enhancement band increases greatly in width and takes on a textured appearance, resembling a halo streaming from the border. The percept is spontaneous and unlike anything experienced in real life. Preliminary observations showed that the effect occurs also at subjective borders. The extent of the halo from the border was measured for various flicker frequencies and compared with similar measurements obtained with real borders. It was found that the extent varies with frequency in an identical manner for real and virtual borders. Also, the halo was judged equal in qualitative appearance for both kinds of border. The striking similarity between virtual and real effects in this respect is best explained in terms of physiological border perception processes, possibly instigated by a cognitive mechanism.
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Jańczak, Jarosław. "Cross-border cooperation across Polish borders: Tthirty Years of cross-border Eldorado?" Észak-magyarországi Stratégiai Füzetek 18, no. 2 (2021): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32976/stratfuz.2021.30.
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The article overviews cross-border cooperation across Polish borders in the last three decades. Deeply rooted in conflictive border legacies and border shifts in the first half of the twentieth century, they quickly became locations of symbolic reconciliation with neighbours and functional cooperation aiming at economic development. The non-linear character of these processes resulted from the changing political environment in the region.
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Schimanski, Johan. "Europæiske grænser (ud)foldet." Passage - Tidsskrift for litteratur og kritik 37, no. 87 (July 12, 2022): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/pas.v37i87.133262.
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Many border-crossings take an extended form where it seems that travelers and mi- grants crossing a national border have not really crossed the border at all. It is as if they have taken the border with them and still exist in bubble-like extension of the territory they come from. They visit or live in another country, but are bordered off from their surroundings by the symbolic boundaries of culture and language, a border which can follow the topographical contours of a diasporic or touristic community or their own bodies. Or they live on these borders they have nominally crossed, in hybrid cultures and ambivalent spaces: they have both crossed and not crossed the border. In both cases, the external border has moved into the territory and become an internal border, either to the territory or the border-crosser’s self. The (il)logic of ext/internal borders may also apply to larger territories. But mul- tinational continental spaces pose their own challenges, since the folding of exter- nal territorial borders onto internal spaces through travel and migration overlays a space which is already divided into nations and, in the European case, the divides between “real Europes” and “other Europes”. The location of the outer border of Europe is unsure: It may only be an outer border in one conception of Europe, and at the same time be an inner European border in another conception of Europe. In this article, I use border poetics to analyze how memories of in/external borders on both national and continental scales are publicly negotiated in the novel Spaltkopf (2008) by Julya Rabinowich, a coming-of-age narrative whose protagonist migrates from Russia to Vienna as a child.
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Bharti, Mukesh Shankar, Shreesh Kumar Pathak, and Aakriti Mathur. "Belarusian – Polish Border: The Politics of Cross-Border Migration." Border Crossing 13, no. 2 (December 5, 2023): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/bc.v13i2.2836.
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Amidst the political conflict between the European Union (EU) and Belarus, thousands of Middle Eastern migrants have been stranded at the Belarusian-Polish border. The article analyses the border clashes and politics of various migration issues in the European Union. The circumstances have been changing tremendously since November 2021, with an influx of migrants trying to cross the Belarusian border into Poland. This article further articulates the EU’s role in solving the cross-border immigration into the Poland border. The research analyzes to understand the politically motivated humanitarian crisis that is widely understood as a response from Belarus. While classical realist theories are used to account for the mechanism of secure cross-border problems, socially-oriented theories are often invoked to characterise relaxed borders. The article aims to challenge these simplified categorisations and theories, that secure borders are a long-standing reality and that security is a more complex theoretical conceptualisation. The research describes international intervention in the immigrant crisis at the Polish border and that the European Commission and EU leaders have accused Lukashenko of deliberately aiding the smuggling of migrants from the Middle East to the Polish-Belarusian border.
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Kiiskinen, Karri. "Border/land Sustainability." Anthropological Journal of European Cultures 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 22–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ajec.2012.210103.
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This article contrasts the Finnish-Russian and Polish-Ukrainian borderlands situated at the external border of the EU. Based on multi-sited fieldwork, it observes how such EU level development concepts as sustainability and multiculturalism address cultural sharing as well as engage communities. Here everyday border crossings are limited, but the policies and practices of cross-border co-operation seek to produce sustainable border crossings in terms of projects and networking. The negotiations of the EU border by local Polish and Finnish actors reflect co-existing and alternative imaginations of borderland heritage. These heritages seem to suggest the 'right' ways not only for border crossings, but also for addressing the continuity and experience of cultural diversity. It is argued that recollections of borderland materiality in these ceded lands become a means for negotiating cultural borders, and verify the difference between European borderlands and borders.
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Ramutsindela, Maano. "Placing subnational borders in border studies." South African Geographical Journal 101, no. 3 (September 2, 2019): 349–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03736245.2019.1651101.
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Fejes, Zsuzsanna. "Evolution of cross-border cooperation in the European Union: Challenges and opportunities." Drustveni horizonti 3, no. 5 (2023): 55–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/drushor2305055f.
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The importance of cross-border cooperation systems along the external and internal borderlines of the European Union has been increasing since the last enlargements (in 2004 and 2007, 2013). Cross-border cooperation forms gained greater importance in the Hungarian national policy, in the cohesion policy of the European Union as well as in the formation of neighbourhood policy. In the last few years, however, the three most recent crises of the European Union-the 2015 migration crisis, the pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war-and the socioeconomic impacts of all these crises have resulted in the re-discovery of borders. The European discourse changed fundamentally: instead of the elimination of borders and border obstacles, the issue of security has come to the fore, resulting in reclosing of borders, construction of new borders and application of more stringent border control. The aim of the study is to examine the institution-building process of cross-border territorial cooperation processes in the European Union. Analysing the legal framework for cross-border cooperation established by the Council of Europe and European Union can be recognised as a response to the lack of legal and institutional instruments of cross-border cooperation.
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Половніков, В. В. "Protection and Control of the State Border as a Component of Ensuring National Security of Ukraine." Bulletin of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs 86, no. 3 (September 24, 2019): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/v.2019.3.09.
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The issues of borders and national foundations of state formation are of great importance in Ukraine. Ukraine is developing within the existing borders on the basis of use by the Ukrainian nation of its inalienable right for self-determination, provides the safeguard and protection of the national statehood of the Ukrainian people, and takes the lead on its territory. The inviolability of the territory of Ukraine within the existing borders implies the inviolability of these borders.
The aim of this article is to characterize the safeguard and protection of the state border of Ukraine as a component of ensuring of the national security of Ukraine.
The safeguard and protection of the state border are one of the important types of state activity.
They are of particular relevance and importance in modern conditions after the events of 2014 and subsequent years. Earlier, the issue was the safeguard of the state border of Ukraine within the framework of law enforcement activities, but today, the issues of safeguard and reliable protection of the state border, ensuring the security of the state border and cross-border security of Ukraine are considered as important components of the country’s security and defence.
In the scientific literature the content of governance in this area being considered differently. In particular, as a separate subsystem of public administration in the administrative and political sphere at the level with the management of state or military security and defence, components of national or internal security of Ukraine, etc. There is no single point of view on this matter in the theory of administrative law.
Based on the analysis of the current legislation of Ukraine, the content of the concepts of national and border security of Ukraine, scientific views, available in the theory of administrative law, the author concluded that the safeguard and protection of the state border ensure the safety of the state border of Ukraine and cross-border security of Ukraine. Cross-border security, in its turn, is an element (separate subsystem) of Ukraine's national security.
Security of the state border – is protection of its inviolability and, accordingly, stability of its passing, designation, order of supply, crossing, maintenance, etc. Any violations of the state border regime must be decisively suppressed. Cross-border security – is a component of national security of Ukraine and provides security of the state border, protection of state sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine within existing borders, other vital national interests of Ukraine from external and internal threats in the field of border activity (at the state border and cross-border space).
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Español, Alicia, Giuseppina Marsico, and Luca Tateo. "Maintaining borders: From border guards to diplomats." Human Affairs 28, no. 4 (October 25, 2018): 443–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humaff-2018-0036.
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Abstract The article aims at integrating the cultural psychology perspective of into the multidisciplinary field of border studies. It analyses the border phenomenon as a co-genetic system. The authors investigate the psychological side of people who relate to the border out of different motives. Then, it expands some of the theoretical concepts current in border studies by introducing psychological dimensions such as intentionality and directionality. Finally, the framework is applied to two case-studies representing the northern and southern European Union frontiers: the case of Estonian officer Eston Kohver in the Setumaa region on the Estonian–Russian border; and the experiences of border guards in the re-bordering process on the Spanish–Moroccan border. It offers an innovative conceptual resource based on a triadic co-genetic epistemological approach, which allows us to overcome the binary oppositions still very present in the contemporary debates in borders studies.
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Espanol, Alicia, Giuseppina Marsico, and Luca Tateo. "Maintaining borders: From border guards to diplomats." Human Affairs 29, no. 1 (January 28, 2019): 108–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humaff-2019-0010.
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Abstract The article aims at integrating the cultural psychology perspective of into the multidisciplinary field of border studies. It analyses the border phenomenon as a co-genetic system. The authors investigate the psychological side of people who relate to the border out of different motives. Then, it expands some of the theoretical concepts current in border studies by introducing psychological dimensions such as intentionality and directionality. Finally, the framework is applied to two case-studies representing the northern and southern European Union frontiers: the case of Estonian officer Eston Kohver in the Setumaa region on the Estonian–Russian border; and the experiences of border guards in the re-bordering process on the Spanish– Moroccan border. It offers an innovative conceptual resource based on a triadic co-genetic epistemological approach, which allows us to overcome the binary oppositions still very present in the contemporary debates in borders studies.
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MAY, K. W., and R. J. MORRISON. "EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PLOT BORDERS ON GRAIN YIELDS IN BARLEY AND WHEAT." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 66, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps86-006.
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Ten genotypes of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and 10 genotypes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown with four types of plot borders (control, same genotype as the plot; unbordered; winter wheat; spring barley/wheat) to study the influence of plot borders on the ranking for yield of cereal genotypes. Plot yields increased as border competition decreased. However, the ranking of the different genotypes was not influenced by the type of plot border, except when a highly competitive barley genotype was used as a border with wheat. It was concluded that the type of plot border was of relatively little importance in selection for yield, as long as the border was not more competitive than the plot.Key words: Barley, wheat, plot borders, yield, plant competition, varietal ranking
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Konrad, Victor. "Border Renaissance in a Time of Border Perplexity? The Question of Renaissance/Renascence in a Post-Globalization World." Borders in Globalization Review 5, no. 1 (March 2, 2024): 78–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/bigr51202421508.
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This essay explores questions of why and how there can be a border renaissance in a time of border profusion and confusion. Are we simply witnessing border renascence, a revival of the statist boundary, despite globalization? Or is the renaissance of the border new growth arising from incomprehension of the border in the 21st century? With reference to research in North America, Southeast Asia, and Europe, this article examines the entangled state of the border to discern what is unaccountable from what is complicated and to differentiate rebirth and revival of classical border thinking from that which addresses the perplexity of borders. In my view, a renaissance in border studies flirts with a return to the archaic through definition and explication of borders everywhere. A true renaissance in border studies must confront the entangled state as process, spirit, style, form, and other influences at once rooted in the classical and portrayed and performed in a post-globalization era of border rediscovery. The goal of this essay is to confront the notion of border renaissance, not to diminish the concept, but to reveal the fuller meaning and impact of border rebirth and revival.
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Aedah, Nur, and Muhamad Muchsin. "Implementation of Transboundary Policy in the Republic of Indonesia-Papua New Guinea Border Area in Keerom Regency." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 8, no. 10 (October 2, 2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i10.2999.
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This study aims to examine and analyze the implementation of cross-border policies that occur in the Border Region of the Republic of Indonesia - Papua New Guinea, inhibiting and supporting factors of cross-border problems, Efforts to resolve cross-border problems. This research was conducted in a descriptive qualitative form with a cas approach. Implementation of Transboundary Policy of the Republic of Indonesia – Papua New Guinea. The implementation of the Transboundary Policy of the Republic of Indonesia – Papua New Guinea in Skofro Village has not been implemented properly. Inhibiting and supporting factors, this shows that there are still many problems and obstacles related to Cross Borders. Lack of infrastructure and there are still many people in Skofro Village who do not have a Cross-Border Pass Card. The immigration office makes it easy to arrange a Cross-Border Pass Card. Efforts to resolve cross-border problems are by approaching community leaders, youth leaders, religious leaders, and traditional leaders to provide understanding regarding the rules of Cross-Border Affairs. Providing infrastructure such as Integrated Posts and Providing supporting documents (Passport Cross Borders) to cross the Borders of the Republic of Indonesia – Papua New Guinea.
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Wille, Christian. "European Border Region Studies in Times of Borderization: Overview of the Problem and Perspectives." Borders in Globalization Review 5, no. 1 (March 2, 2024): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/bigr51202421528.
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Since at least the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of borders could no longer be overlooked. This global development has also penetrated the European border regions along with the virus. There, European border region studies is now confronted with events that it has thus far hardly had to deal with. This article addresses such events and elaborates on the interplay of borderization and deborderization processes in the context of “covidfencing”. For this purpose, social negotiation processes of border closures in the Greater Region SaarLorLux and in the German–Polish border area are discussed as “people’s resilience”. This article considers how European border region studies can deal with events and questions in times of borderization. Drawing on international border studies, the research agenda can be extended to everyday cultural issues. In addition, the common concept of borders can be adjusted in order to make the border more accessible as a subject of everyday cultural negotiations.
Keywords: COVID-19, covidfencing, border, borderization, deborderization, cross-border commuters, border studies, everyday culture, bordering, resilience.
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Silva, Regina Coeli Machado e., and Adriana Dorfman. "Border Control (Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina) and Local Inventiveness in Times of COVID-19." Borders in Globalization Review 2, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/bigr21202019916.
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Local level effects of closing borders between Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil in order to confront COVID-19 disarticulated modes of existence of border dwellers, generating local protests for reopening, creating “sanitary refugees”, deepening the trends of biotechnological controls and sophisticating smuggling. Data for this essay was obtained from local online newspapers and analyzed with help of anthropological and geographical experiences at the border, concentrating on the description of border life and on its changes due to the sudden closure. The essay shows that the complex control structures at these borders gained a centrality whose effects were, besides stifling the pandemic, dismantling and rearticulating border practices, evidently in favor of more control. A disregard of cross-border integration, circulation and communication demonstrates the underlying reification of borders between these three national states.
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ERMOLAEVA, OKSANA. "NORTHERN ENCOUNTERS: THE RUSSO-FINNISH BORDER AT THE BEGINNING OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY IN A CROSS-REGIONAL COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE." New Europe College Yearbook 2020-2021 (March 31, 2023): 233–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.58367/necy.pm.h.2022.2.233-273.
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This paper explores the connection between border making and order making projects and informal transborder practices and experiences in the geopolitically important sectors along contested Russian imperial/Soviet borders in the early twentieth century. In particular, the study examines how borders and controls were locally co-constructed at two different border strips of the Russo-Finnish border in the 1920s, while also conceptualizing the border as a site of informality and resistance. Findings, based on an array of previously unused historical sources, reveal that the cooperation patterns and rivalry between economic and military-political border control agencies in the early Soviet context differed in various regional frameworks, depending on the multiplicity of local factors. Civil, economic measures of border protection finally failed due to its inherent incompatibility with the increasing state pressures in a new, highly politicized context and a lack of financial and human resources. The paper demonstrates that the disintegration of the Russian empire was accompanied by enlivening of not only economic, but also generating new unique social and cultural exchanges at formerly ‘transparent’ borders. Novel cross-border networks and practices emerged around Soviet borders after 1917 in a radically transformed postimperial space, were all geared toward illicit transborder trade, but had their own unique specificity.
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Uddipta Ranjan Boruah. "Human Folly and Border Fences: Looking to Non-Human Actors at the Indo–Bangladesh Border." Borders in Globalization Review 3, no. 1 (December 20, 2021): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/bigr31202120260.
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The obsession with inter-state territorial borders and the associated paraphernalia of border management and security makes borders and their management a primarily human-centric discourse. This paper makes an attempt at introducing the agency of rivers as non-human actors—or rather as actants—in shaping and managing international borders. The paper looks specifically at the riverine sector of the Indo-Bangladesh border, where the international boundary has been re-negotiated each year by the transnational rivers, primarily the Brahmaputra (also the Gangadhar), through flooding, erosion, and deposition of sediment. By interrogating the role of rivers in shaping the border and border management strategies, the paper argues that humans, despite persisting as the primary agents in border management, are not the only actors. Drawing on Actor Network Theory (ANT), a case is made to appreciate the general symmetry between humans and non-humans as a-priori equal. Incorporating both in an actor-network may provide insights into border management in complex borderlands.
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Volodymyrovych Tyshchuk, Viktor. "Features of legal differentiation of the border sphere in Ukraine." Italian Review of Legal History, no. 9 (December 18, 2023): 295–329. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/2464-8914/21918.
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This scientific article is dedicated to the peculiarities of legal differentiation in the border sphere in Ukraine. The article examines legislative and regulatory acts that have regulated the functioning of the border service during different periods of its existence. It also analyzes the process of its formation and development as an important component of Ukraine’s national and state security system. The article discusses its role in ensuring the protection of Ukraine’s state border. Additionally, an analysis of international experience in the field of protecting state borders of European countries has been conducted, which demonstrates the need for clearly defined priorities and appropriate strategies for the development of mechanisms for the protection and defense of shared state borders. The obtained results allowed us to establish that in the majority of European Union (EU) countries, the functions of border control are carried out by law enforcement agencies within the police force. In some countries, such as Malta (and partially in Spain), the control of maritime borders is entrusted to the armed forces. Several EU countries have specialized bodies or agencies (border services) that specifically deal with border-related issues outside the competence of the police. This applies to Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Poland, and Switzerland, where border guards have law enforcement powers in certain cases. Additionally, the national services responsible for external border control are often subordinate to various ministries, most of which are ministries of internal affairs, while in other countries, they also include the Ministry of Defense (France, Italy, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the Netherlands).International experience in safeguarding national borders in European countries emphasizes the importance of establishing clear priorities and development strategies for border protection and defense mechanisms. Over a significant period of time, international cooperation in this field has been evolving and actively implemented. Alongside the governing bodies of the European Union, key participants in this process are the border agencies of EU member states that share common borders. They operate based on bilateral and multilateral agreements on cooperation and mutual assistance in border-related matters, as well as international documents pertaining to border security. The article draws conclusions about positive changes in the legal status of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine that have taken place over the past decade and examines the problems of legal differentiation in the border sphere in Ukraine due to russian aggression. In particular, due to fundamental differences between functions and tasks performed by the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine along different sections of Ukraine’s state border, as well as in connection with russian aggression, the idea of legal differentiation in the border sphere has been proposed. This would involve the creation of a separate military formation called the «Border Defense Forces» in the east and south of Ukraine, which would be integrated into the Armed Forces of Ukraine. In the western part of the country, the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine would remain under the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, taking into account global experience in the protection, defense, and security of state borders by other countries.
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Szabolcs Pásztor. "The Role of Schengen in the Development of Peripheral Borderland Regions." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 44 (November 20, 2011): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/44/2626.
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This study aims to uncover the role of the Schengen borders of the European Union in rural and settlement development. Schengen integration applies certain restrictions at the external border-crossings, so the filtering role is to be taken into consideration. In addition to the disappearance of borders in the globalising economic area, the strict Schengen rules further burden the development of cross-border interactions, bringing about less frequent border crossings. Moreover, the economic integration of the affected borderlands would remain sluggish. The author points to the fact that the dynamics of a border interaction system should include a Schengen border degree between the interdependent and integrated borderland levels. Consequently, the Schengen borderlands should be in the focus of further border studies.
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Pahor, Marija Jurić. "Border as Method: Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Border Area between Italy and Slovenia and on the Slovene Minority in Italy." Treatises and Documents, Journal of Ethnic Studies / Razprave in Gradivo, Revija za narodnostna vprašanja 85, no. 85 (December 1, 2020): 57–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.36144/rig85.dec20.57-81.
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Abstract The first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic demonstrated that the “border as method” (Mezzarda & Neilson) is paradigmatically established and proliferates in the borderland of a nation-state. Analysing the prevailing political, media and public discourse and focusing on the border area between Italy and Slovenia, the article illustrates that borders are not located only on the edges of a territory, but also extend inside and outside such. They are part of broader social processes of border internalisation in the management of population movements. During the pandemic, the tendency to strengthen control of the Schengen border and of the border between Italy and Slovenia gained new impetus. The border was invoked in relation to the risk of infection, thus implying adiaphorisation and exclusion (“We are not Italy!”), and also as the locus that – particularly among the Slovene minority and the people living along the border – raised awareness about the need for empathic, cross-border and European integration in the sense of transcending national borders.
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Shabani, Erda, and Cane Koteski. "DEFINITION OF STATE BORDER, BORDER LINE, BORDER BELT, BORDER AREA AND BORDER CROSSING." International Journal of Economics, Management and Tourism 2, no. 1 (2022): 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.46763/ijemt2221102sh.
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Fellner, Astrid, and Eva Nossem. "Introduction: What is Border Renaissance?" Borders in Globalization Review 5, no. 1 (March 2, 2024): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/bigr51202421521.
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This issue investigates the return to borders, gauging the impact of this recent renaissance of borders in political and media discourses and cultural representations of borders and borderlands. The geographical focus of the individual papers lies primarily on Europe with brief references to North America and Asia. Zooming in on questions of recent border conflicts, tensions, and struggles, on the one hand, and questions of identity, language practices, and forms of belonging, on the other, the essays highlight border rebirth and revival, also presenting new research on recent developments in territorial/spatial and cultural border studies. Coming from a wide variety of disciplines, such as geography, cultural studies, literature, linguistics, and political sciences, the authors explore the renewed interest in borders and the many instances of borderizations.
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Ollier, Johanna. "Border Securitization Cycles: Periodizing Turkey’s Management of Its Iranian Border (1920–2020)." DIYÂR 4, no. 2 (2023): 210–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2625-9842-2023-2-210.
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The return of the Taliban to power in Afghanistan in the summer of 2021 sent a shockwave whose effects were felt far beyond national borders. In Turkey, this event contributed to a renewed physical and discursive securitization of the border with Iran. This article argues that such policies and discourses are part of a long-term process of border securitization that has been underway for at least a century. This article identifies a periodization scheme for this securitization process and proposes the existence of different border securitization cycles within this process. Historical developments in Turkey are provided as a means of identifying, comparing, and contrasting these cycles at the Turkish-Iranian border. This article thus contributes to critical security and border studies by showing how borders can become the objects of securitization in and of themselves.
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Okereke, Ugochukwu, Liman Abdullahi, and Umar Shuaibu. "Drivers of Cross-Border Human Trafficking and Security in Seme-Idiroko Border Communities." African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies 16, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 135–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajpas.v16i1.8.
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Cross-border human trafficking remains a significant challenge to effective fight against illicit trans-border movements through Seme-Idiroko borders. The purpose of this paper was to assess how drivers of cross-border human trafficking have undermined safety of individuals and compromised effective protection of Seme-Idiroko borders in order to mitigate the increasing spate of cross-border sex and labour trafficking in the border communities. The study was built around the structural conflict theory by Karl Marx in order to clearly understand the class character of the drivers of human trafficking. Using the Rakash sample size formula, a sample of 397 was determined from a population of 46,105 respondents comprising a target population from NAPTIP, NCS, and NIS in both Ogun and Lagos States; ONSA, Abuja and residents of Idiroko, Seme, Kpodji-Ague and Igolo border communities. Also, 15 respondents were selected from the sample size of the study using purposive sampling method. Data were collected using structured and open-ended questions as well as in-depth interview. Data were also collected from secondary source. Data from questionnaire were analysed using weighted average, while data from in-depth interview were analysed using narrative technique. Data from secondary source were analysed using relational-content analysis. Findings from the study revealed, among other things, that poverty, craving for better life and porous nature of Seme-Idirko borders are among drivers of cross-border human trafficking undermining security in Seme-Idiroko border communities. Among other things, it was recommended that the government should urgently embark on poverty alleviation programmes in Seme-Idiroko border communities with a view to mitigating drivers of cross-border human trafficking undermining security in the border communities.
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Agrawal, David R. "The Tax Gradient: Spatial Aspects of Fiscal Competition." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 7, no. 2 (May 1, 2015): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20120360.
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State borders create a discontinuous tax treatment of retail sales. In a Nash game, local tax rates will be higher on the low state tax side of a border. Local taxes will decrease from the nearest high-tax border and increase from the low-tax border. Using driving time from state borders and all local sales tax rates, local tax rates on the lowtax side of the border are 1.25 percentage points higher, reducing the differential in state tax rates by over three-quarters. A ten minute increase in driving time from the nearest high-tax state lowers a border town's local tax rate by 6 percent. (JEL H25, H71, H73, H77)
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Zuo, Kevin J., Nisha Umraw, and Robert Cartotto. "Scar Quality of Skin Graft Borders: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blinded Evaluation." Journal of Burn Care & Research 40, no. 5 (June 10, 2019): 529–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irz087.
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Abstract Prominent scars may remain around the border of a mature skin graft (SG) at the interface of the SG with normal skin. The border of a SG may be constructed by either exactly approximating (A) or slightly overlapping (O) the edge of the SG on the wound margin. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether A or O affects the quality of the border scar of SGs applied to burn patients. This prospective study was a within-border design in which adult burn patients requiring SGs served as their own control. Half of each study border was fashioned using O and the immediately adjacent other half was made using A. We randomly assigned O or A to the proximal or distal halves of vertical borders and the medial and lateral halves of horizontal borders. Both halves of the study border were identically fixated with staples or sutures and were managed in the same fashion postoperatively. Blinded evaluations at 3, 6, and 12 months of O and A borders were performed using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), the observer component of the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS), and a global binary assessment of which half of the study border “looked better.” Blinded patients also rated each half of the study border with a 10-point Likert scale. Values are reported as the mean ± SD or median (interquartile range), as appropriate. There were 34 borders studied in 15 subjects (46.7% female, age 29 [22,57], % TBSA burn 9.7 ± 5.3, and no inhalation injuries). Study borders were constructed at 7 (5,11) days postburn, had a total length of 12 (9.3,14.5) cm, and all involved split thickness SGs of thickness 13 (12,14)/1000th of an inch. Sheet grafts were applied in 27% and meshed grafts in 73%. SGs were applied immediately after excision in 75% or after allografting in 25%. Border scars matured between 3 and 12 months with reductions in total VSS from 8 (7,8) to 4 (3,6) for O borders (P < .001) and from 8 (7,9) to 4 (1,6) for A borders (P < .001). However, there were no significant differences between O and A borders in total VSS at 3 months (P = .165), 6 months (P = .602), and 12 months (P = .358) or in total OSAS at 3 months (P = .681), 6 months (P = .890), or 12 months (P = .601). At 12 months, 60% of O borders and 40% of A borders were globally rated as “better” (P = .258). There were no significant differences in the patients’ subjective ratings of the O and A borders at 3 months (P = .920), 6 months (P = .960), and 12 months (P = .66). The scar quality at the border of a skin graft does not appear to be affected by the surgical technique used to construct the border at the time of grafting.
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Seran, Remigius. "STRATEGI PEMERINTAH REPUBLIK INDONESIA DALAM PENANGANAN MASALAH PELINTAS BATAS INDONESIA-TIMOR LESTE." Jurnal Hubungan Internasional 11, no. 2 (August 2, 2019): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jhi.v11i2.9226.
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ABSTRACTThe urgency to set up the Border Between Indonesia and Timor-Leste and the border crossers is based on much more complex historical reasons than the arrangement of Indonesia's borders with other countries. Border governance policies between Indonesia and Timor-Leste are characterized by: border governance policies indicate a desire to adopt an integrated approach, governance practices tend to be fragmented where two very dominant approaches are the security approach and the socio-economic welfare approach. A border governance policy that ignores cultural identity variables leads to a reverse response, namely the use of cultural identity to challenge the country's dominant conception and policy in border governance. The phenomenon of "rat road" and other cross-border interaction networks called illegal by the state can be read as a form of local community resistance to the claim of state sovereignty over the border. In an integrated border governance policy, a cultural approach should be one of the main components that characterize other approaches. Jailly puts the four dimensions of the policy parallel, the cultural approach in border governance policy to the principles that fuel security policy, local politics and economic policy in border governance. The practical consequence of this study is the policy that border governance must move beyond the dominance of the economic security approach to an integrated approach. This study proposes the concept of trans-border social and cultural space as an important element in integrated border governance.Key Words: Border governance, Indonesia – Timor-Leste, Cultural crosser borders.
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Ristolainen, Mari. "Displaced Borders: The Written Traumatic Borderline between Pskov Province and Chechnya." Culture Unbound 6, no. 6 (December 15, 2014): 1207–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.1461207.
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This article examines the narrative construction of borders through an analysis of “non-professional writing” produced by the residents of Pskov. It discusses the construction of national borders and the symbolic meanings invested in them, with the empirical focus being placed on the symbolic Russian-Chechen border. The theoretical essence is the realization that due to the constructive and narrative natures of border production, the creation of a national borderline does not necessarily pre-suppose that the two sides share a geographical border. The article also addresses questions of traumatic memory and links border production with the concept of cultural trauma. By asking where Russia’s borders currently located, this article provides an example of the cultural construction and symbolic displacement of the “national border”, and a representation of how the national b/ordering processes differ when viewed from both “bottom up” and “top-down” perspectives in the contemporary Russian Federation.
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Barbero, Iker. "The European Union Never got Rid of Its Internal Controls." European Journal of Migration and Law 20, no. 1 (March 22, 2018): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12340018.
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AbstractThe police station in Irun, a border town between the Spanish and French states, has the highest inter-annual data of arrests of foreigners in irregular situations when compared to other police stations in the Basque Country. This pattern, of which many are unaware, is due to police identity checks in the border surroundings. The place where the border barrier was once, was occupied by a car toll booth constructed with a very particular structure: as a border, with cabins for police officers. In addition, the data for border readmission between these two states, under an agreement signed in 2002, requires special attention: 300,000 people were deported across the Northern border. 70% of the people detained in the French Detention Centre at Hendaia in 2015 were caught at the border. This case study on the Spanish-French border will shed some light on a disregarded topic: internal borders. Regulation in these areas is diverse. Many exceptions and specificities apply, in parallel or alternatively to the ordinary immigration rules, as a matter of exception to the law. In considering this, we need to rethink the image of a borderless Europe as stated by the Schengen agreement. Since the publication of Balibar’s essay ‘What is a border?’ (2005), the controls have multiplied all along the territory as a kaleidoscopic vision. Theeuinternal borders have never disappeared, but have mutated into a police managed model of internal borders.
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Martin, Sonia. "Canada’s Official Languages Act, Border Imperialism, and the Surface Tension of Water." Language and Literacy 26, no. 2 (June 13, 2024): 50–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20360/langandlit29731.
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This paper examines how Canada’s Official Languages Act (OLA) reinforces the socio-political constructs of language barriers and linguistic borders. Questions addressed are: in Canada, who do linguistic borders serve, how do linguistic borders function, and what are the effects of linguistic borders? The theoretical framework draws from raciolinguistics and border imperialism. The method, a socio-diagnostic critique, juxtaposes the discursive practices of the OLA with border governance strategies. Results highlight how linguistic border governance creates the conditions for language-based discrimination to thrive. The paper concludes with a call to disinvest from the OLA, and a turning toward the water-language connection.
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Babajide, Jacob, and Oyedamade Opakunbi. "SOCIAL-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF TRANS-BORDER CRIMES IN NIGERIA: 2015-2019." Caleb International Journal of Development Studies 05, no. 01 (June 30, 2022): 273–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.26772/cijds-2022-05-01-017.
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The continuous surge in threats to global security especially orchestrated by trans-border - crimes such as money laundering, arms trafficking, drug trafficking and human trafficking, has given rise to a series of new discussions and strategic thinking among scholars and security experts. Nigeria is not an exception to these threats as it has, lately, been witnessing a handful of these palpable security challenges threatening its peaceful corporate existence and economic prosperity. This paper thus examined the dimensions of trans-border crimes and its socio-economic implications for Nigeria. The paper employed qualitative methodology, secondary data collection and descriptive method of analysis. The paper argues that global interconnectedness facilitates increase in trans-border crimes, especially in Nigeria where the unofficial/unmanned borders surpass the official/manned borders. Therefore, it is found that drug trafficking, arms trafficking, trafficking of persons, car smuggling and internet fraud are prevalent trans-border crimes in Nigeria. The socio-economic implications of trans-border crimes are mostly felt in fueling corruption, infiltrating businesses, hindering development and endangering lives and national security. Identifiable causes of increased trans-border crimes in Nigeria include porous borders, political corruption, and compromised security system. It is concluded that trans-border crimes pose serious national challenges that require multi track strategies and coordinated responses from the government, its agencies, transnational agencies, neighbouring governments and the citizens, to address. The paper, thus, recommended that to significantly minimize the menace of trans-border crimes in Nigeria, the government should adequately police the borders while the appropriate law enforcement officers must be well mobilized and equipped to so do.
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Müller, Karel B. "Active Borders and Transnationalization of the Public Sphere in Europe: Examining Territorial and Symbolic Borders as a Source of Democratic Integration, Positive Identity, and Civic Learning." Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 43, no. 3 (August 2018): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0304375418822894.
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This article suggests that both territorial and symbolic borders ought to be treated as specific cultural forms enabling the exercise and practice of cross-border communication. The notion of active border is introduced as a nexus of the transnationalization of public spheres and identities in Europe. Active border is interpreted as a border that supports and produces both public criticism and social integration without generating antagonism toward those from “over borders.” Contrary to active border, passive border entrenches stereotypical negative identities and cognitive foreclosures and is a significant hindrance in positive identities formation. The concept of active border contributes to the broad sociological context of Europeanization and transnational public spheres and identities formations in which questions about cultural change and plurality should be discussed. It tries to offer a novel interpretative perspective on processes of transnationalization in Europe and beyond. This article draws inspiration mainly from Edward Shils’s typology of collective identities, Erik Erikson’s concept of identity formation, and Gerard Delanty’s typology of cultural encounters.
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Maila, Thato L., and Klára Czimre. "Functional or Neglected Border Regions? Analysis of the Integrated Development Plans of Borderland Municipalities in South Africa." Urban Science 8, no. 2 (May 7, 2024): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci8020046.
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The mainstream approach of regional integration impact assessments is mainly limited to assessing cross-border development projects/programmes. There is still a lack of critical assessment of how stakeholders at different institutional levels conceptualise the border. Local (municipal) strategic plans provide a reflection of the spatial imaginaries of stakeholders, perception planners, institutional power structures, and, to some extent meaning of the border to the local people. Integrated Development Plans (IDPs) in South Africa were adopted as an important development planning strategy in the post-apartheid era. IDPs of 49 borderland municipalities were systematically reviewed using the Key-Word-in-Context (KWIC) content analysis technique of the keyword ‘border’ to determine the importance of state borders in light of regional integration. Border security and management is one of the most common themes associated with the border. This suggested that borders were mainly perceived as threats and barely considered as a potential resource for cross-border cooperation or integration.
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Ahn, Chiyoung. "The Opened ‘Bamboo Curtain’ and the Closing Reform-Era Border: The Changes of China's Border Management." Institute for Historical Studies at Chung-Ang University 60 (December 31, 2023): 183–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.46823/cahs.2023.60.183.
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This paper aims to explore the changes in border management in China and the reasons behind them. Prior to the reform and open door policy, China was a closed country, known as the “Bamboo Curtain”. China was a forbidden land for many foreigners, but the situation on China's margins, comprising mainly “cross-border” ethnic minority regions, was different from macro international relations and our perceptions. China's borders had no barriers to cross, and ethnic minorities moved freely across borders.
After China's opening and the international movement of foreigners and Chinese people became freer, the management and control of the border was actually tightened. Since the mid-1990s, border areas have been equipped with barbed wire fences to prevent movement, and some areas have been militarized. China's borders have become increasingly controlled during the reform period. Since the reform, China's borders have become a space for international movement, exchange, and trade. At the same time, border areas have also become places where smuggling, illegal crossings, and international problems such as North Korean defectors.
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Klatt, Martin. "Lessons from the Danish-German Border Region for Post 2020 Interreg A – an Alignment with Cross-Border Functional Regions?" Europa XXI 38 (2020): 139–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/eu21.2020.38.5.
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Interreg has been the European Union (EU) initiative to support territorial cooperation and integration across borders. 30 years of Interreg, though, have not changed the fact that different barriers persist at the inner borders of the EU, and that only a few cross-border territories have emerged as joint action spaces with in-depth political cooperation and people’s interaction. While it is consensus that cross-border economic flows are decisive for the development of functional and in the end institutionalized cross-border regions, regional econometric models demonstrate the persistence of border barriers within the EU, but also that the removal of these barriers greatly increases regional growth potential. In a research project focusing on the alignment of cross-border regional economic interests, cross-border networks between business and politics and cross-border policies in the Danish-German cross-border region Sønderjylland-Schleswig we have discovered issues on different communication codes between business and politics, lack of tangible cross-border development strategies and a lack of alignment of shortterm, time delimited Interreg project oriented operational programs to tangible, long-term strategies of cross-border regional economic development. EU territorial cohesion policies could be better aligned with long-term, cross-border economic strategies to create sustainable cross-border development. It will be important to rethink Interreg in a less project-oriented, but more strategy-oriented direction; focusing on flows and institutional settings promoting the development of flows by reducing cross-border barriers.
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FRĄCKOWIAK, MACIEJ, JERZY KACZMAREK, and ŁUKASZ ROGOWSKI. "RE-CLOSED BORDER AS AN EVERYDAY EXPERIENCE. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH OF POLISH-GERMAN TWIN CITIES IN THE FIRST MONTHS OF A COVID-19 PANDEMIC." Society Register 5, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/sr.2021.5.4.04.
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Borders’ closure during the COVID-19 pandemic had a particular impact on the everyday life of borderland residents. As part of the research on bordering processes carried out since a few years, during the closure of the state borders in 2020, qualitative interviews on everyday life in the COVID-19 pandemic have been conducted. In this paper, we present the results of the exploratory study on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Polish-German border twin cities. We indicate at what levels borders’ closure affected the border landscape, border practices of the inhabitants of the researched territories, and their notion of the border. We also suggest how border relations were shaped due to differences in the management and perception of the pandemic situation in two countries. The results obtained indicate that the closure of borders has made life more difficult in an area under examination and has also affected the identity and specificity of the place. This issue is worth exploring further to establish the true extent of the impact of the pandemic in the borderlands.
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Grad-Rusu, Elena. "Exploring cross-border cooperation in Eastern Europe: What kind of initiatives have developed in the Romanian-Hungarian border area?" Észak-magyarországi Stratégiai Füzetek 18, no. 2 (2021): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32976/stratfuz.2021.33.
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Since the beginning, the European Union has believed and promoted the idea that an increase in cross-border cooperation contributes to enhanced European integration. This means that cross-border cooperation supports sustainable development along the EU’s internal and external borders, helps reduce differences in living standards and addresses common challenges across these borders. The aim of this paper is to examine the cross-border initiatives between Romania and Hungary with a special focus on the INTERREG projects, which have provided new sources of funding for cross-border activities and regional development in the RomanianHungarian border area. In this context, the cooperation has intensified in the last two decades, especially since Romania joined the EU in 2007. The research proves that cross-border projects and initiatives represent an important source of funding for this type of intervention, when no similar funding sources are available.